Surya - Elamai Tamil - Class 10 - New-1!53!107

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Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 45
,ay; ,aw;if ciueil cyfk;
nfl;fpwjh vd; Fuy;-

2
ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs;
gyt[s; bjupf
1. bra;jp 1 : xt;nthu; Mz;Lk; $^d; 15I cyff; fhw;W ehshff; bfhz;lho tUfpnwhk;.
bra;jp 2 : fhw;whiy kpd;cw;gj;jpapy; ,e;jpahtpy; jkpHfk; ,uz;lhkplk; vd;gJ vdf;Fg;
bgUikna.
et
bra;jp 3 : fhw;wpd; Mw;wiyg; gad;gLj;jpf; fly; fle;J tzpfk; bra;J mjpy; btw;wp
fz;ltu;fs; jkpHu;fs;.
m) bra;jp 1 kl;Lk; rup M) bra;jp 1/ 2 Mfpad rup
.N
,) bra;jp 3 kl;Lk; rup <) bra;jp 1/ 3 Mfpad rup
[tpil: <) bra;jp 1/ 3 Mfpad rup]
2. bghUe;Jk; tpil tupiriaj; nju;e;bjLf;f.

ar
i) bfhz;ly; ? 1. nkw;F
ii) nfhil ? 2. bjw;F
iii) thil ? 3. fpHf;F
riy
iv) bjd;wy; ? 4. tlf;F

m) 1/ 2/ 3/ 4 M) 3/ 1/ 4/ 2
[tpil: M) 3/ 1/ 4/ 2]
,ay; 2
,) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 <) 3/ 4/ 1/ 2
si
FWtpdh
1. èkf;F capu; fhw;W
A
fhw;Wf;F tuk; kuk; ? ku=;fis

btl;o vwpahky; el;L tsu;g;nghk;~
?,J nghd;W cyff; fhw;W ehs; tpHpg;g[zu;t[f;fhd ,uz;L KHf;fj; bjhlu;fis vGJf.
capu;fspd; Rthrk; fhw;W-

fhw;wpd; Rthrk; kuk;-

J}a;ikia nerpg;nghk;-

J}a fhw;iwr; Rthrpg;nghk;-
rpWtpdh
1. capuhf ehd;/ gy bgau;fspy; ehd;/ ehd;F jpirfspYk; ehd;/ ,yf;fpaj;jpy; ehd;/ Ke;ePu;
ehtha; Xl;oahf ehd;......... Kjypa jiyg;g[fspy; fhw;W jd;idg; gw;wpg; ngRfpwJ. ,t;thW
èPu;~ jd;idg; gw;wpg; ngrpdhy; ........... c=;fSila fw;gidapy; jiyg;g[fis vGJf.
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46 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[

ehnd- ePu;

cyfpy; Kf;fhy; ghfk; ehd;

ehd; ,y;iy vd;why; cyfk; ,y;iy

Mjtdpd; mizg;gpy; fUt[w;W
nkfkha; tsu;e;J
kiHaha; gpwg;ngd; ehd;
tpz;zpypUe;J ehd; tpGe;jhy;

vd;idf; fz;L cyfk; rpupf;Fk;

kiyapy; tpGe;J

ejpapy; Xo
flypy; r=;fkpf;Fk;
rupj;jpu ehafd; ehd;.
2. nrhiyf; (g{=;fh) fhw;Wk; kpd;tprpwpf; fhw;Wk; ngrpf;bfhs;tJnghy; Xu; ciuahly; mikf;f.
et
kpd; tprpwpf; fhw;W : ez;gh- th v=;bfy;yhk; Rw;wpj; jpupe;J tUfpwha;>
vd;idg; nghy; epiyahf Xuplj;jpypUe;J tPrf; Tlhjh.
nrhiyf;fhw;W : eP Xuplj;jpy; ,Ue;J epiyahf tPrpdhYk; cd;id ,af;f xUtu; njit.
.N
mJ kl;Lky;yhky; eP bfhLf;Fk; btg;gf;fhw;iw kdpju;fs; ntW
tHpapd;wp gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdu;. kpd;rhuk; jilg; gl;lhYk; kdpju;fs;
cd;id ,af;f KoahJ.
ar
kpd; tprpwpf; fhw;W : kdpju;fs; cd;id tpUk;g[fpwhu;fsh>
nrhiyf;fhw;W : Mk;/ ehd; kf;fSf;Ff; Fspu;e;j fhw;iwf; bfhLf;fpnwd;. vd;dpypUe;J
kpd;rhuk; jahupf;fpd;wdu;. fhw;whiy kpd; cw;gj;jpapy; ,e;jpah Ie;jhk;
riy
,lj;jpYk; jkpHfk; Kjy; ,lj;jpYk; cs;sJ. g[Jg;gpf;ff; Toa tskhd

vd;idg; gad;gLj;jp kpd;dhw;wiy cUthf;Fk; nghJ epyf;fupapd;
njit Fiwe;J fdpk ts=;fs; ghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJ.
,ay; 2
kpd; tprpwpf; fhw;W : ,j;jid rpwg;g[fs; bfhz;l cd;id itj;J xU g[J bkhHpia
si
cyfpw;Ff; Twg;nghfpnwd;.
nrhiyf;fhw;W : mg;goah! mg;g[J bkhHp ahJ>
A
kpd; tprpwpf; fhw;W : ``fhw;Ws;s nghnj kpd;rhuk; vLj;Jf; bfhs;~~.
beLtpdh
1. kyu;e;Jk; kyuhj ghjpkyu; nghy

tsUk; tpHp tz;znk ? te;J
tpoe;Jk; tpoahj fhiyg; bghGjhf
tpise;j fiy md;dnk
ejpapy; tpisaho bfhoapy; jiyrPtp
ele;j ,se;bjd;wny ? tsu;
bghjpif kiynjhd;wp kJiu efu; fz;L
bghype;j jkpH; kd;wnk
? ftp+u; fz;zjhrdpd; ,g;ghlypy; jtGk; fhw;iwa[k; ftpij eaj;ija[k; ghuhl;o ciu
bra;f.
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fhw;iwg; ghuhl;ly; :
kyu;e;j kyuhj ghjp kyiua[k;/ tpoe;Jk; tpoahj fhiyg; bghGija[k; tpUk;ghjhu;
vtUkpy;iy. midtUk; fhw;whfpa cd;ida[k; eP ,se;bjd;wyhf tUk; nghJ tpUk;g[tu;
vdf; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shu; fz;zjhrd;. fhw;whdJ ejpfis tUoa[k;/ bro bfhofis tUoa[k;
,se;bjd;wyhf tUfpwJ. fhw;iwg; nghynt jkpGk; midtuhYk; tpUk;gj;jf;fjha;
,Uf;fpwJ. bjw;fpYs;s bghjpif kiyapy; njhd;wpa jkpGf;F kJiuapny r=;fk; itj;J
mHfpa jkpH; tsu;j;jjhft[k; fUj;Jf; bfhs;syhk;;.
ftp eak;:
ftp+u; fz;zjhrdpd; ghlypy; vJif/ nkhid/ ,iag[ ,iae;njhLk; tifapYk;
fw;gid fhl;rpaspf;Fk; tifapYk;/ mzp mHFw tifapYk;/ re;j jhskpl;L brhe;jk;
bfhz;lhLk; jd; ftp eaj;ijf; fhl;rpgLj;jpa[s;shu;.
rhd;W:
nkhid : tsUk; tz;znk
et
vJif : ejpapy; bghjpif
Kuz; : kyu;e;Jk; × kyuhj
tpoe;Jk; × tpoahj
.N
,iag[ : tz;znk md;dnk
mzp : ghjp kyu; nghy tsUk; tpHp tz;znk (ctikazp te;Js;sJ)
ar
TLjy; tpdhf;fs;
gyt[s; bjupf
riy
1. bjd;nkw;Fg; gUtf;fhw;W ,e;jpahtpw;F vj;jid tpGf;fhL kiHg;bghHptpidj; jUfpwJ>

m) Ik;gJ M) mWgJ
,ay; 2
,) vGgJ <) vz;gJ [tpil: ,) vGgJ]
si
2.
jha;yhe;J kd;dupd; KoNl;L tpHhtpw;F vg;ghly;fisj; jha;bkhHpapy; vGjp itj;Jg;
ghLfpwhu;fs;>
A
m) jpUke;jpuk;/ jpUthrfk; M) jpUf;Fws;/ jpUke;jpuk;

,) jpUtUl;gh/ jpUg;ghit <) jpUbtk;ghit/ jpUg;ghit
[tpil: <) jpUbtk;ghit/ jpUg;ghit]
3. bghUj;Jf.
1. @r;R ? m) ePu;
2. jhfk; ? M) epyk;
3. ciwtJ ? ,) fhw;W
4. xsp ? <) fjputd;
m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., M) 1., 2.M 3.m 4.<
,) 1.< 2., 3.M 4.m <) 1., 2.m 3.M 4.< [tpil: <) 1., 2.m 3.M 4.<]
4. cyfk; Ik;g{j=;fshy; MdJ vd;wtu;>
m) jpU@yu; M) mfj;jpau;
,) ts;Stu; <) bjhy;fhg;gpau; [tpil: <) bjhy;fhg;gpau;]
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5. ``tha[ tHf;fk; mwpe;J brwpe;jl=;fpy;

Ma[s; bgUf;fk; cz;lhk;~~ vd;w ghlyoiag; ghoatu;
m) jpU@yu; M) xsitahu;
,) bjhy;fhg;gpau; <) fk;gu; [tpil: M) xsitahu;]
6. bghUj;Jf.
1. nkw;F ? m) thil
2. tlf;F ? M) Flf;F
3. bjw;F ? ,) Fzf;F
4. fpHf;F ? <) bjd;wy;
m) 1.< 2., 3.m 4.M M) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4.,
,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< <) 1., 2.< 3.M 4.m [tpil: M) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4.,]
7. ``Ke;ePu;~~ vd;gjd; bghUs;
m) fly; M) fg;gy;
et
,) gazk; <) ePu; [tpil: m) fly;]
8. bghUe;jhj xd;wpidj; nju;t[ bra;f.
m) tsp M) bjd;wy;
.N
,) g[ay; <) fly; [tpil: <) fly;]
9. ``tz;blhL g[f;f kztha;j; bjd;wy;~~ vdf; TWk; E}y; vJ>
ar
m) bjd;wy; tpL J}J M) rpyg;gjpfhuk;
,) kzpnkfiy <) g[wehD}W [tpil: M) rpyg;gjpfhuk;]
10. gj;kfpupehju; bjd;wy; tpL J}J vd;w E}ypd; Mrpupau;>
riy
m) ,s=;nfhtofs;
M) xsitahu;
,) gygl;lilr; brhf;fehjg; g[ytu;
,ay; 2
<) jpU@yu; [tpil: ,) gygl;lilr; brhf;fehjg; g[ytu;]

si
11. `tspbjhHpy; Mz;l cunthd;~ ? vdf; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; kd;dd;

m) fupfhyd; M) ,uhruhrd;
A
,) ,uhnre;jpud; <) ghHp [tpil: m) fupfhyd;]
12. fupfhy; bgUtsj;jhidg; g[fH;e;J ghoa r=;ffhyg; bgz;g[ytu;

m) xsitahu; M) Mjpke;jpahu;
,) ms;Au; ed;Ky;iyahu; <) btz;zpf; Faj;jpahu;
[tpil: <) btz;zpf; Faj;jpahu;]
13. Krpwp JiwKfj;Jf;F tpiutpy; gazk; bra;a[k; g[jpa tHpiaf; fz;Lgpoj;j fpnuf;f khYkp
m) \pg;ghy!; M) a[thd;Rth=;f;
,) gpisdp <) jhykp [tpil: m) \pg;ghy!;]
14. $^d; Kjy; brg;lk;gu; tiu tPRk; gUtf;fhw;W

m) tlfpHf;Fg; gUtf; fhw;W M) bjd;nkw;Fg; gUtf; fhw;W
,) tlnkw;Fg; gUtf; fhw;W <) bjd;fpHf;Fg; gUtf; fhw;W
[tpil: M) bjd;nkw;Fg; gUtf; fhw;W]
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15. mf;nlhgu; Kjy; ork;gu; tiu tPRk; gUtf;fhw;W

m) tlfpHf;Fg; gUtf; fhw;W M) bjd;nkw;Fg; gUtf; fhw;W
,) tlnkw;Fg; gUtf; fhw;W <) bjd;fpHf;Fg; gUtf; fhw;W
[tpil: m) tlfpHf;Fg; gUtf; fhw;W]
16. cyff; fhw;whiy cw;gj;jpapy; Ie;jhk; ,lk; bgw;Ws;s ehL

m) ,e;jpah M) mbkupf;fh
,) rPdh <) $g;ghd; [tpil: m) ,e;jpah]
17. ,e;jpahtpy; fhw;whiy kpd; cw;gj;jpapy; Kjyplk; tfpf;Fk; khepyk;
m) F$uhj; M) nfush
,) jkpH;ehL <) Me;jpuh [tpil: ,) jkpH;ehL]
18. cyfpnyna mjpf mst[[ khRgLj;Jk; ehLfspy; ,uz;lhkplk; bgw;Ws;s ehL

m) rPdh M) mnugpah
,) ,e;jpah <) $g;ghd; [tpil: ,) ,e;jpah]
et
19. ,e;jpahtpy; kpFe;j capupHg;igj; jUk; fhuzpfspy; Ie;jhkplk; bgWtJ
m) fhw;W khR M) ePu; khR
.N
,) epy khR <) xyp khR [tpil: m) fhw;W khR]
20. cyff; fhw;W ehs;

m) $^d; 15 M) $îy 15
ar
,) $dtup 15 <) ork;gu; 10 [tpil: m) $^d; 15]
21. à[dpbrg;~ vd;gJ
m) gUtepiy khWghL M) rpWtu; epjpak;
riy
,) cyf Rfhjhu epWtdk; <) cyf t=;fp epWtdk; [tpil: M) rpWtu; epjpak;]
22. ``g{=;fhw;nw- ,j;jid ehs; cidg; ghlhjpUe;Jtpl;nld;~~ vd;W tUe;jpa ftp+u;
m) jdpehaf mofs; M) njtnfhl;il th.@u;j;jp
,ay; 2
,) ,s=;Fkudhu; <) ghujpahu; [tpil: M) njtnfhl;il th.@u;j;jp]
si
23. capupd thH;tpd; mog;gil

m) ,aw;if M) braw;if
A
,) kdpjd; <) ku=;fs; [tpil: m) ,aw;if]

24. bjhy;fhg;gpau;/ cyfk; vd;gJ vjdhy; MdJ vd;fpwhu;>
m) flt[shy; M) kdpjdhy;
,) Ik;bgUk; g{j=;fshy; <) ,d;gJd;g=;fshy; [tpil: ,) Ik;bgUk; g{j=;fshy;]
25. @r;Rg;gapw;rpna cliyg; ghJfhj;J thH;ehis ePl;of;Fk; vd;W Twpatu; ahu;> Twg;gl;l
E}y; vJ>
m) khzpf;fthrfu;/ jpUthrfk; M) jpU@yu;/ jpUke;jpuk;
,) jpUeht[f;furu;/ njthuk; <) xsitahu;/ Mj;jpr;No
[tpil: M) jpU@yu;/ jpUke;jpuk;]
26. `tz;blhL g[f;f kztha;j; bjd;wy;~ ? vd;W ciuj;jtu; ahu;>

m) xsitahu;
M) ,s=;nfhtofs;
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,) gygl;lilr; brhf;fehjg;g[ytu;
<) FkuFUguu; [tpil: M) ,s=;nfhtofs;]
27. bjd;wy; fhw;W vd miHf;fg;glf; fhuzk;
m) kuk;/ bro/ bfho/ MW/ kiy jhz;o tUtJ
M) ntfkhf tPRtJ
,) RHd;W tPRtJ
<) kzw;gFjpapypUe;J tPRtJ [tpil: m) kuk;/ bro/ bfho/ MW/ kiy jhz;o tUtJ]
28. èe;jkpGk; jz;bghUie ed;djpa[k; nru; bghUg;gpw;
bre;jkpHpd; gpd;Djpj;j bjd;wny~ ? vd;W bgz;bzhUj;jp/ J}J bry;y fhw;wpid
miHj;jjhfg; ghoatu;
m) xsitahu;
M) ,s=;nfhtofs;
,) gygl;lilr; brhf;fehjg;g[ytu;
et
<) FkuFUguu; [tpil: ,) gygl;lilr; brhf;fehjg;g[ytu;]
29. `èjpapy; tpisahof; bfhoapy; jiyrPtp

ele;j ,se;bjd;wny~~ ? vd;w ghliy ,aw;wpatu;
.N
m) thyp M) fz;zjhrd;
,) ituKj;J <) kPuh [tpil: M) fz;zjhrd;]
30. esp,U Ke;ePu; ehtha; Xl;o
ar
tspbjhHpy; Mz;l cunthd; kUf-
fsp,ay; ahidf; fupfhy; tst-~~ ? vd;W gH=;fhyj;jpy; fly; fle;j gaz=;fs; midj;Jk;
fhw;wpdhy; ,af;fg;gl;l gha;kuf; fg;gy;fshy;jhd; epfH;e;jd vd;W Fwpg;gpLk; E}y;
riy
m) g[wehD}W M) mfehD}W
,) gupghly; <) fypj;bjhif [tpil: m) g[wehD}W]
,ay; 2
31. \pg;ghy!; vd;gtu;

si
m) fpnuf;f khYkp M) nghu;r;Rf;fPrpa khYkp

,) gpbu+;R kUj;Jtu; <) M=;fpy MSeu;; [tpil: m) fpnuf;f khYkp]
32.
gUtf; fhw;wpd; cjtpapdhy; Krpwpj; JiwKfj;jpw;F nenu eLf;fly; tHpahf tpiutpy;
A
gazk; bra;a[k; g[jpa tHpiaf; fz;Lgpoj;jtu;

m) th!;nfhlfhkh M) \pg;ghy!;
,) ghu;j;jnyhkpnah la!; <) blkh!;jdp!; [tpil: M) \pg;ghy!;]
33. \p[g;ghy!; gUtf;fhw;W vd;W bgaupl;ltu;fs;

m) atdu; M) rPdu;
,) M=;fpnyau; <) mbkupf;fu; [tpil: m) atdu;]
34. \pg;ghy!; gUtf;fhw;W fz;Lgpof;fg;gl;l E}w;whz;L
m) fp.gp. Kjy; E}w;whz;L M) fp.K. Kjy; E}w;whz;L
,) fp.gp. ,uz;lhk; E}w;whz;L <) fp.K. ,uz;lhk; E}w;whz;L
[tpil: m) fp.gp. Kjy; E}w;whz;L]
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35. btz;zpf;Faj;jpahu; vd;gtu;

m) r=;ffhyg; bgz; g[ytu; M) fhg;gpa ehafp
,) ghz;okhnjtp <) ,ilf;fhyg; bgz; g[ytu;
[tpil: m) r=;ffhyg; bgz; g[ytu;]
36. ``fsp,ay; ahidf; fupfhy; tst-~~ vd;W ghoatu;

m) fhf;ifg; ghodpahu; M) btz;zpf;Faj;jpahu;
,) bts;sptPjpahu; <) eg;griyahu; [tpil: M) btz;zpf;Faj;jpahu;]
37. btz;zpf;Faj;jpahu; fupfhy; tstidg; g[fH;e;J ghLk; ghlypy; `tsp~ vdf; Fwpg;gplg;gLtJ
m) typik M) fhw;W
,) tpiut[ <) tWik [tpil: M) fhw;W]
38. gUtf;fhw;wpd; gaid cyfpw;F czu;j;jpa fpnuf;f mwp+u;

m) blkh!;jdp!; M) \pg;ghy!;
,) bgu;dhl;&h <) rhf;uO!; [tpil: M) \pg;ghy!;]
et
39. \pg;ghy!; gUtf;fhw;wpd; gaidf; fz;lwpa[k; Kd;dnu fhw;wpd; Mw;wiyg; gad;gLj;jp fly;
tzpfj;jpy; btw;wp fz;ltu;fs;
.N
m) tl ,e;jpau;fs; M) Mg;gpupf;fu;fs;
,) jkpHu;fs; <) Inuhg;gpau;fs; [tpil: ,) jkpHu;fs;]
40. ,e;jpahtpd; KJbfYk;g[

ar
m) bert[ M) ntshz;ik
,) fl;olj;bjhHpy; <) ngust[ Cw;gj;jp [tpil: M) ntshz;ik]
41. fhw;W jhH;t[ kz;lykha;j; jtH;e;J g[ayha; khWk; fhyk;
riy
m) bjd;nkw;Fg; gUtf;fhyk; M) bjd;fpHf;Fg; gUtf;fhyk;

,) tlnkw;Fg; gUtf;fhyk; <) tlfpHf;Fg; gUtf;fhyk;
[tpil: <) tlfpHf;Fg; gUtf;fhyk;]
,ay; 2

si
42. `tspkpfpd; typ ,y;iy~ vd;W ghoatu; ahu;> E}y; vJ>

m) g[wehD}W/ Ia{u; Kltdhu; M) Mj;jpr;No/ xsitahu;
,) fypj;bjhif/ ey;ye;Jtdhu; <) g[wehD}W/ ,sehfdhu;
A
[tpil: m) g[wehD}W/ Ia{u; Kltdhu;]
43. fL=;fhw;W/ kziyf; bfhz;L te;J nru;f;fpwJ vd;W TWk; E}y; vJ> Twpatu; ahu;>
m) g[wehD}W/ Ia{u; Kltdhu; M) Mj;jpr;No/ xsitahu;
,) fypj;bjhif/ ey;ye;Jtdhu; <) g[wehD}W/ kJiu ,sehfdhu;
[tpil: <) g[wehD}W/ kJiu ,sehfdhu;]
44. g[wCjhf; fjpu;fisj; jLf;Fk; muz;

m) Xnrhd; glyk; M) vupfw;fs;
,) tpobts;sp <) fhL [tpil: m) Xnrhd; glyk;]
45. Fspu;gjdg;bgl;o btspapLk; er;Rf;fhw;W
m) fhu;gd;?il?Mf;irL M) Fnshnuh g[nshnuh fhu;gd;
,) Mf;rp$d; <) i\l;nuh fhu;gd;
[tpil: M) Fnshnuh g[nshnuh fhu;gd;]
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46.
Fnshnuh g[nshnuh fhu;gd; thapyhf cUthFk; ghjpg;g[fisf; Fiwf;Fk; tpjkhfg;
gad;gLj;jg;gLk; Fspu;gjdp ________.
m) i\l;nuh fhu;gd; M) fhu;gd; nkhdhf;irL
,) iel;u$d; <) i\l;u$d; [tpil: m) i\l;nuh fhu;gd;]
47. fe;jf il Mf;irL/ iel;u$d; il Mf;irL Mfpait kiH bga;a[k; nghJ ePupy; fiue;J
tpLtjhy; bga;tJ ________.
m) mkpy kiH M) fy; kiH
,) fd kiH <) kpjkhd kiH [tpil: m) mkpy kiH]
48. mkpy kiHahy; Jd;gj;jpw;F cs;shFgit

i) kz; ii) ePu;
iii) fl;ll=;fs; iv) fhLfs;
v) ePu;thH; capupd=;fs;
m) i, ii - rup M) iii, iv - rup
,) iv, v - rup <) Ie;Jk; rup [tpil: <) Ie;Jk; rup]
et
49. Fnshnuh g[nshnuh fhu;gdpd; xU @yf;TW/ Xnrhd; @yf;TWfisr; rpijj;J tpLk;.
m) Xuhapuk; M) <uhapuk;
.N
,) xU ,yl;rk; <) xU nfho [tpil: ,) xU ,yl;rk;]
50. xU kzpj;Jspf;F 12 Kjy; 18 Kiw @r;Rf;fhw;wha; ehk; btspapLtJ

m) Mf;rp$d; M) iel;u$d;
ar
,) fhu;gd;?il?Mf;irL <) i\l;u$d; [tpil: ,) fhu;gd;?il?Mf;irL]
51. ku=;fs; ek; EiuaPuYf;Fj; njitahd vijj; jUfpwJ>

m) capu; tsp (Mf;rp$d;) M) fhu;gd;?il?Mf;irL
riy
,) iel;u$d; <) i\l;u$d; [tpil: m) capu; tsp (Mf;rp$d;)]
52.
jha;yhe;J kd;dupd; KoNl;L tpHhtpy; jpUbtk;ghit/ jpUg;ghit ghly;fisj;
jha;bkhHpapy; vGjp itj;Jg; ghLfpd;wdu; vd;W Fwpg;gpl;Ls;stu;
,ay; 2
m) kiwkiyaofs; M) jdpehaf mofs;

si
,) +hdpahuofs; <) mKjd; mofs; [tpil: M) jdpehaf mofs;]
53. ,aw;ifapd; TWfspy; vjpd; g=;F TLjyhdJ>

A
m) epyj;jpd; M) ePupd;
,) beUg;gpd; <) fhw;wpd; [tpil: <) fhw;wpd;]
54. nfl;fpwjh vd; Fuy; ? vd;Dk; ghlg;gFjp ahUila Fuyhf vjpbuhypf;fpwJ>
m) epyk; M) ePu;
,) fhw;W <) thdk; [tpil: ,) fhw;W]
55. jh$;kfhy; fl;lg;gl;l E}w;whz;L

m) fp.gp. 16 M) fp.gp. 17
,) fp.gp. 15 <) fp.gp. 18 [tpil: M) fp.gp. 17]
FWtpdh
1. @r;Rg;gapw;rp Fwpj;Jj; jpU@yu; Twpa bra;jp ahJ>

@r;Rg;gapw;rpna cliyg; ghJfhj;J thH;ehis ePl;of;Fk; vd;W Twpa[s;shu;.
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2. fhw;iwf; Fwpf;Fk; ntW bgau;fs; ahit>

fhw;W/ tsp/ bjd;wy;/ g[ay;/ Nwhtsp.
3. gUtepiy/ NHy;/ tPRk; ntfk; Mfpatw;wpw;nfw;g fhw;wpw;F tH=;fg;gLk; gy;ntW bgau;fisf;
TW.
bjd;wy; fhw;W/ g{=;fhw;W/ fly; fhw;W/ gdpf;fhw;W/ thilf;fhw;W/ nky; fhw;W/ fPH;f;fhw;W/
bkd; fhw;W/ ,se;bjd;wy;/ g[Gjpf;fhw;W/ Mof;fhw;W/ fL=;fhw;W/ g[ay; fhw;W/ nga;f;fhw;W/
RHy; fhw;W/ Nwhtspf;fhw;W.
4. fpHf;Ff; fhw;W Fwpg;g[ tiuf. (my;yJ) bfhz;ly; fhw;W Fwpg;g[ tiuf.
fpHf;fpypUe;J tPRk; fhw;W bfhz;ly; fhw;W.

kiHiaj; jUtjhy; kiHf;fhw;W vd;Wk; miHf;fg;gLfpwJ.

5. nkw;Ff; fhw;W Fwpg;g[ tiuf. (my;yJ) Flf;Ff; fhw;W Fwpg;g[ tiuf.

nkw;fpypUe;J mjpf typiknahL tPRk;.

twz;l epyg;gFjpapypUe;J tPRtjhy; btg;gf;fhw;W my;yJ nfhilf;fhw;W vd
et

miHf;fg;gLfpwJ.
6. thilf;fhw;W Fwpg;g[ tiuf.
tlf;fpypUe;J tPRk; fhw;W thilf;fhw;W.
.N

gdpg;gFjpapypUe;J tPRtjhy; Fspu;r;rpahd Cijf;fhw;W vdt[k; miHf;fg; gLfpwJ.

7. bjd;wy; fhw;W Fwpg;g[ tiuf.

bjw;fpypUe;J tPRk; fhw;W bjd;wy; fhw;W.
ar

kuk;/ bro/ bfho/ MW/ kiy/ gs;sj;jhf;F vdg; gy jilfisj; jhz;o tUtjhy; ntfk;

Fiwe;J ,jkhd fhw;iwj; jUfpwJ.

8. ehw;wpirapd; bgau;fisa[k; mtw;wpd; ntW bgau;fisa[k; vGJ.
riy
jpirfs; ntW bgau;fs;

fpHf;F ? Fzf;F
,ay; 2

nkw;F ? Flf;F
si
tlf;F

? thil
bjw;F

? bjd;wy;
9. fhw;W Fwpj;J rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; ,s=;nfhtofs; Twpa bra;jp ahJ>
A
bjd;wy; fhw;W gytpj kyu;fspd; eWkzj;ij ms;sp tUfpwJ" Tlnt tz;Lfisa[k;

miHj;J tUfpwJ vd ,s=;nfhtofs; Twpa[s;shu;.
10. ,Utifg; gUtf;fhw;Wfs; ahit>
bjd;nkw;Fg; gUtf;fhw;W/ tlfpHf;Fg; gUtf;fhw;W.
11. bjd;nkw;Fg; gUtf;fhw;W Fwpg;g[ tiuf.
$^d; Kjy; brg;lk;gu; tiu bjd;nkw;Fg; gUtf;fhw;Wf; fhyk;.

,it kiHg;bghHptpidj; jUfpd;wd.

,e;jpahtpw;Fj; njitahd vGgJ tpGf;fhL kiHapid ,g;gUtf;fhw;W @yk;
bgWfpnwhk;.
12. fhw;W khriltjpdhy; Vw;gLk; neha;fs; ahit>
fz; vupr;ry;/ jiytyp/ bjhz;ilf;fl;L/ fha;r;ry;/ EiuaPuy; g[w;Wneha;/ ,isg;g[ neha;/
@is tsu;r;rpf; Fiwt[.
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13. Xnrhd; glyj;jpd; gad;fisf; TW.

fjputdplkpUe;J btsptUk; g[wCjhf; fjpu;fisj; jLf;fpwJ.

g[tpiag; nghu;it nghyr; Rw;wp fjputdpd; btg;gj;ijf; Fiwj;Jf; bfhLf;fpwJ.

14. Xnrhd; glyj;jpy; cUthd Xl;ilapdhy; Vw;glf;Toa jPikfs; ahit>

g[wCjhf; fjpu;fs; neuoahf capupd=;fisj; jhf;Ftjhy; kpFe;j Jd;gj;ij capupd=;fs;

milfpd;wd.
fz;fSk; njhYk; ghjpg;gilfpd;wd.

15. mkpy kiH vt;thW bga;fpwJ>

fhw;wpy; fye;JtpLk; fe;jf il Mf;irL/ iel;u$d; il Mf;irL Mfpait kiH bga;a[k;
nghJ ePupy; fiue;J mkpy kiHahfg; bga;fpwJ.
16. mkpy kiHapdhy; Vw;glf;Toa jPikfs; ahit>
kz;/ ePu;/ fl;ll=;fs;/ fhLfs;/ ePu;thH; capupd=;fs; kpFe;j Jd;gj;jpw;Fs;shfpd;wd.
et
17. Fnshnuh g[nshnuh fhu;gd; Fwpg;g[ tiuf.
Fspu;g;gjdg; bgl;oapypUe;J btsptUk; er;Rf;fhw;W Fnshnuh g[nshnuh fhu;gd;.

Fnshnuh g[nshnuh fhu;gdpd; xU @yf;TW/ xU ,yl;rk; Xnrhd; @yf;TWfisr;
.N
rpijj;JtpLk;.
18. fhw;W khriljiyj; jtpu;f;Fk; tHpfisf; TWf.
nkk;gl;l Fg;ig nkyhz;ikia nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

ar
bghJg; nghf;Ftuj;Jf;F Kd;Dupik mspj;jy;.

kpd;dhw;wyhy; ,a=;Fk; Cu;jpfis kpFjpahfg; gad;gLj;Jjy;.

g[ij tot vupbghUl;fisj; (fr;rh vz;bza;/ epyf;fup) jtpu;;j;jy;.

riy
rikaYf;F tpwFfisg; gad;gLj;jhik.

19. \pg;ghy!; gUtf;fhw;wpd; gad;fisf; TW.

g[jpa fly;tHp Vw;glf; fhuzkhdJ.
,ay; 2
fpnuf;fk; ? Krpwpf;F tpiuthd fly; gazk;.

si
atdf; fly; tzpfk; bgUfpaJ.

20. gUtf;fhw;W vt;thW cUthfpwJ>

A
fjputdpd; btg;gj;jhy; mlu;j;jp Fiwe;J nkny bry;Yk; fhw;whdJ m=;F Vw;gl;l

btw;wplj;ij epug;gp gUtf;fhw;whfpwJ.
21. fhw;whiyapd; gad;fisf; TW.
kpd;dhw;wiy cw;gj;jp bra;jy;.

epyf;fupapd; njit Fiwj;J fdpk tsk; ghJfhf;fg;gly;.

22. fhw;wpd; Mw;wy;/ ntfk; ,yf;fpa=;fspy; vt;thW Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;wd>

fhw;wpd; Mw;wiy/ tsp kpfpd; typ ,y;iy (g[wk; 51) vd;W Ia{u; Kltdhu; rpwg;gpj;Js;shu;.

fhw;wpd; ntfj;ij/ fL=;fhw;W kziyf; bfhz;L te;J nru;f;fpwJ vd;W kJiu

,sehfdhu; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shu;.
23. ,s=;nfhtofs; jhk; ,aw;wpa rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; bjd;wiy vt;thW eak;gl ciuf;fpwhu;>
bjd;wyhdJ gytpj kyu;fspd; eWkzj;ij ms;sp tUfpwJ.

mt;thW tUk;nghJ Tlnt tz;Lfisa[k; miHj;J tUfpwJ.

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rpWtpdh
1. \pg;ghy!; gUtf;fhw;W Fwpg;g[ tiuf.

fp.gp. Kjy; E}w;whz;oy; thH;e;j fpnuf;f khYkp \pg;ghy!;.

,tu; gUtf;fhw;wpd; cjtpahy; Krpwpj; JiwKfj;jpw;Fg; g[jpa tHpiaf; fz;Lgpoj;jhu;.

tpiuthd gazj;jpw;F ,g;g[jpa tHp cjtpajhy; atdf; fg;gy;fs; nruu;fspd; Krpwpj;

JiwKfj;jpw;F mjpfkhf te;jd. (fpnuf;fUk; cnuhkhdpaUk; atdu; Mtu;)

atdu; ,g;gUtf;fhw;wpw;F mijf; fz;Lgpoj;j \pg;ghy!; bgaiuna Nl;odu;.

2. gUtf;fhw;wpd; tiffisf; Twp tpsf;Ff.

fjputdpd; btg;gj;jhy; Nlhfp mlu;j;jp Fiwe;J nkny bry;Yk; fhw;W m=;Fs;s btw;wplj;ij
epug;gp gUtf;fhw;whfpwJ.
gUtf;fhw;wpd; tiffs; :
et
bjd;nkw;Fg; gUtf;fhw;W/ tlfpHf;Fg; gUtf;fhw;W vd ,U tifg;gLk;.
bjd;nkw;Fg; gUtf;fhw;W :
.N
$^d; Kjy; brg;lk;gu; tiu tPRk;.

,e;jpahtpw;Fj; njitahd vGgJ tpGf;fhL kiHastpidj; jUfpwJ.

tlf;fpHf;Fg; gUtf;fhw;W :
ar
mf;nlhgu; Kjy; ork;gu; tiu tPRk;.

,e;jpahtpd; KJbfYk;ghd ntshz;ik rpwf;fpwJ.

ehL czt[ cw;gj;jpapy; jd;dpiwt[ bgw cjt[fpwJ.

riy
3. fhw;wpd; gad;fs; ahit>

capu;tsp je;J capu;fisf; fhf;fpwJ.

,ay; 2
jhtu=;fs; xspr;nru;f;if @yk; czit cw;gj;jp bra;a cjt[fpwJ.

si
tpijfisg; gy ,l=;fSf;Fg; gug;g[fpwJ.

capu;r; r=;fpypj; bjhlu; mWglhjpUf;f cjt[fpwJ.

etPd bjhiyj;bjhlu;gpd; ikakhf tps=;FfpwJ.

A
fhw;whiy @yk; kpd;dhw;wiyg; bgWfpnwhk;.

4. fhw;W Fwpj;J ,yf;fpaj;jpy; brhy;yg;gl;l bra;jpfs; ahit>

bjd;wyhdJ kyu;fspd; eWkzj;ij ms;sp tUk; nghJ tz;Lfisa[k; miHj;J
tUfpwJ vd;W rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; ,s=;nfhtofs; ciuj;Js;shu;.

gygl;lilr; brhf;fehjg; g[ytu; ,aw;wpa gj;kfpupehju; bjd;wy; tpL
J}Jtpy; ``jkpGk; Fspu;r;rpahd bghUie ejpa[k; nrUk; bre;jkpH; kiyapd; gpd; njhd;wpa
bjd;wny~~ vd;W bgz;bzhUj;jp bjd;wiyj; J}J bry;tjw;fhf miHf;fpwhs;.
r=;ffhyg; bgz; g[ytu; btz;zpf;Faj;jpahu; fupfhy; bgUtsj;jhidg; g[fH;e;J ghoa

ghlypy; `tsp~ vdf; Fwpg;gpl;Lr; rpwg;gpj;Js;shu;.

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beLtpdh
1.
fhw;W ngrpaijg; nghy epyk;/ ePu;/ thdk; ngRtjhft[k; mit ,d;iwa Rw;Wr;NHy;
ghJfhg;gpid typa[Wj;Jtjhft[k; Xu; ciuahly; mikf;f.
epyk; : vd; clbyy;yhk; fha;fpwJ. vd;idf; Fspu;tpf;fkhl;lhah thdnk>
thdk; :
,jw;F ehd; vd;d bra;a Koa[k;> cd;dpy; thGk; kdpju;fs; fhLfis
mHpj;Jf; bfhz;oUf;fpwhu;fns- ku=;fis btl;Lfpwhu;fns jtpu/ mtw;iw
tsu;g;gjw;Fr; rpwpJk; rpe;jpf;fpwhu;fsh vd;gJ Iank.
epyk; :
Mk; thdnk- tUle;njhWk; kuk; eLtpHhitf;Tl el;l ,lj;jpnyna
elj;Jfpwhu;fs;. ku=;fis el;L mtw;iwg; guhkupf;Fk; gzpiar; bra;gtu;fs;
Fiwnt.
thdk; : mJt[k; rupjhd;-
ePu
; :
ez;gu;fns- vd;id eP=;fSk; fz;Lbfhs;s khl;Ou;fsh> ,e;j kdpju;fs;
et
vd;id vg;go mGf;fhf;fp cs;shu;fs; ghu;j;jPu;fsh>
thdk; : Ianfh- cd;id milahsk; fhz;gjw;nf rpukkhf ,Uf;fpwnj-
.N
ePu
; : Mk; ez;gh-
tpz;,d;W bgha;g;gpd; tpupePu; tpaDyfj;J
cs;epd;w clw;Wk; grp
? vd;Dk; Fwl;gh/ thdnk eP kiH bga;ahky; nghdhy; mila[k; ,d;dy;fis
ar
my;ynth TWfpwJ.
thdk; : èPupd;wp mikahJ cyF` vd;Wk; jpUf;Fws; TWfpwJ
riy
epyk; : ``kz;jpdpe;j epyDk;

epynde;jpa tpRk;g[k;
tpRk;g[ij tU tspa[k;
,ay; 2
tspj;jiy ,a jPa[=;
si
jPKuzpa ePUk;/ vd;wh=;

ifk;bgUk; g{jj;jpaw;ifg; nghyg;~~ vd;W ek;ikg; gw;wpf; Fwpg;gpl;oUf;fpwhu;
r=;f ,yf;fpa E}yhd g[wehD}w;wpy;.
A
thdk; : ``cyfkhtJ epyk; jP ePu; tpRk;bghL

tsp Ie;Jk; fye;j kaf;fk;~~ vd;fpwhu; bjhy;fhg;gpau;.
ePu
; : ``,Ug[dYk; tha;e;j kiya[k; tUg[dYk;
ty;yuQk; ehl;ow;F cWg;g[~~ vd;W ehl;ow;Fj; njitahd cWg;g[fspy;
vd;ida[k; nru;j;nj Twpa[s;shu; jpUts;Stu;.
epyk; : Rw;Wr;NHiyg; ghJfhg;gjw;fhf 1986?y; ,aw;wg;gl;Ls;s rl;lk; ,e;jpa murhy;
bray;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
ePu
; :
Mk; ez;gh- ,aw;if rhu;e;j midj;Jk; Fwpg;ghf eP/ ehd;/ fhw;W Mfpa
fhuzpfSld; bjhlu;g[ila midj;Jf;Fk; ,r;rl;lk; bghUe;Jk;.
thdk; : kpf;f kfpH;r;rp- kdpju;fs; j=;fs; eltof;ifapy; khw;wj;ijf; bfhz;L tUthu;fs;
vd;W ek;g[nthkh-
epyk;/ ePu ; : cWjpahf ez;gh-
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fw;git fw;wgpd; gf;fk;: 30

1. fhw;W ngrpaijg; nghy epyk; ngRtjhf vz;zpf; bfhz;L ngRf.

ehd;jhd; epyk; :
ehd; c=;fs; fhyofshy; kpjpgl;l nghJk; tUe;jhky; kfpH;r;rp milfpnwd;. Mdhy;
kdpju;fs; vdf;F vjpuhf bra;a[k; bray;fis vz;zp kpFe;j ntjidailfpnwd;. ehd;jhd;
epyk; ngRfpnwd;.
vd;idf; fhg;ghw;W=;fs; :
kdpju;fns- befpHpg;igfis cgnahfpg;gij epWj;J=;fs;. bjhHpw;rhiyf; fHpt[fisg;
ghJfhg;ghd Kiwapy; mg;g[wg;gLj;J=;fs;. Fg;igfisf; Fg;igj; bjhl;ofspy; nghL=;fs;.
tptrhaj;jpw;Fj; bjhG cu=;fisg; gad;gLj;J=;fs;. ,r;bray;fisr; bra;jhy; kl;Lnk
vd;idf; fhg;ghw;w Koa[k;. ehd; eykha; ,Ue;jhy; kl;Lnk c=;fshy; eykha; thH Koa[k;.
et
kdpju;fns rpe;jpa[=;fs;/ bray;gL=;fs;.
2. 17Mk; E}w;whz;oy; bts;isg; gsp=;Ff; fw;fshy; fl;lg;gl;L ,d;Wk; cyf tpe;ijahfj;
jpfGk; jh$;kfhy;/ ,d;wstpy; k+;rs;/ gGg;g[ vd epwk; khwpf; fhl;rpaspg;gjd; fhuz=;fisa[k;
.N
jPu;t[fisa[k; fye;JiuahLf.
kjd; :
bts;isg; gsp=;Ff; fw;fshy; fl;lg;gl;L ,d;W cyf tpe;ijahfj; jpfGk;
jh$;kfhy;/ ,d;wstpy; k+;rs;/ gGg;g[ vd epwk; khwpf; fhl;rpaspg;gjd; fhuzk;
ar
vd;d>
Rjd; :
Mf;uhtpy; jh$;kfhiyr; Rw;wpa[s;s njhy; bjhHpw;rhiy kw;Wk; vz;bza;
riy
bjhHpw;rhiyfspypUe;J btspnaw;wg;gLk; ry;gu; il Mf;i!L/ iel;u$d; il

Mf;i!L kw;Wk; fhu;gd; nkhdhf;irL Mfpa jP=;F tpisf;Fk; er;R tha[f;fs;
fhw;wpy; fye;J gut[tjhy; mit bts;isg; gsp=;Ff; fw;fspd; kPJ gl;L mtw;wpd;
,ay; 2
epwj;ija[k; jd;ikiaa[k; khw;WfpwJ.
si
kjd; : ,jw;fhd jPu;t[jhd; vd;d>

Rjd; :
vy;.gp.$p. tha[ cUisfis kl;Lnk gad;gLj;j ntz;Lk;. epyf;fup kw;Wk;
fr;rh vz;bza; bghUl;fis vupf;ff; TlhJ vd;W 1995 Mk; Mz;oy; muR xU
A
rl;lk; ,aw;wpaJ. mjd;go jh$;kfhiyr; Rw;wpa[s;s Fwpg;gpl;l gFjpfs; ,d;W

tiu ,r;rl;lj;ij kjpj;J tUfpd;wd. Mfntjhd; mit nkYk; nrjkilahky;
fhf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ.

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,ay; ,aw;if ftpijg; ngiH
fhw;nw th-
2 ghujpahu;
ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs;
gyt[s; bjupf
1. ``cdf;Fg; ghl;Lfs; ghLfpnwhk;

cdf;Fg; g[fH;r;rpfs; TWfpnwhk;~~
? ghujpapd; ,t;tofspy; ,lk; bgw;Ws;s ea=;fs; ahit>
et
m) cUtfk;/ vJif M) nkhid/ vJif
,) Kuz;/ ,iag[ <) ctik/ vJif [tpil: M) nkhid/ vJif]
FWtpdh
1. trd ftpij ? Fwpg;g[ tiuf.

.N
ciueila[k; ftpija[k; ,ize;J ahg;g[f; fl;LfSf;F mg;ghw;gl;L cUthf;fg;gLk;.
ar

ftpij totk; trd ftpij vdg;gLk;.

M=;fpyj;jpy; Prose Poetry vd;gu;.

jkpHpy; ghujpahu; ,jid mwpKfk; bra;jhu;.

riy
rhd;W :
,t;t[yfk; ,dpaJ/ ,jpYs;s thd; ,dpik
,ay; 2
a[ilaJ fhw;Wk; ,dpJ ? ghujpahu;

si
TLjy; tpdhf;fs;
A
,yf;fzf; Fwpg;g[.
Rke;J/ tPrp ? tpidbar;r=;fs;
kpFe;j ? bgabur;rk;
ey;byhsp/ beL=;fhyk; ? gz;g[j;bjhiffs;
ey;yyaj;Jld; ? Fwpg;g[g;bgaur;rk;
gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzk;.
ghLfpnwhk; = ghL + fpW + Xk;
tHpgLfpd;nwhk; = tHpgL + fpd;W + Xk;
ghL ? gFjp tHpgL ? gFjp
fpW ? epfH;fhy ,ilepiy fpd;W ? epfH;fhy ,ilepiy
Xk; ? jd;ikg;gd;ik Xk; ? jd;ikg;gd;ik tpidKw;W tpFjp
tpidKw;W tpFjp
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gyt[s; bjupf
1. fPH;f;fhz;gdtw;Ws; bghUe;jhj ,iziaf; fz;Lgpo.

m) kaYWj;J ? ka=;fr;bra;
M) g;uhz ? u!k; ? capu;tsp
,) yaj;Jld; ? rPuhf
<) thrid ? kdk; [tpil: <) thrid ? kdk;]
2. bghUj;jpf; fhl;Lf.
i) gh+;rhyp rgjk; ? 1. FHe;ijfSf;fhd ePjpg;ghly;
ii) Rnjrkpj;jpud; ? 2. ghuhl;lg;bgw;wtu;
iii) g[jpa Mj;jpNo ? 3. ,jH;
iv) rpe;Jf;Fj; je;ij ? 4. fhtpak;
m) 3/ 4/ 2/ 1 M) 1/ 2/ 3/ 4
et
,) 4/ 3/ 1/ 2 <) 2/ 4/ 1/ 3 [tpil: ,) 4/ 3/ 1/ 2]
3. èPL Japy; ePf;fg; ghote;j epyh~ vd;W ghuhl;lg;gl;ltu;.

m) ghujpahu; M) ghujpjhrd;
.N
,) Rujh <) ftpkzp [tpil: m) ghujpahu;]
4. `rpe;Jf;Fj; je;ij~ vd;W ghuhl;lg;gl;ltu;.
ar
5. nfypr; rpj;jpuk;/ fUj;Jg;glk; nghd;wtw;iw cUthf;fpatu;.
riy
6. ghl;Lf;bfhU g[ytd; vd;W ghuhl;lg;bgWgtu;.
,ay; 2
si

7. `fhw;W~ vd;Dk; jiyg;gpy; trd ftpij vGjpatu;.
A
8. ``fhw;nw/ th
kfue;jj; J}isr; Rke;J bfhz;L/ kdj;ij
kaYWj;Jfpd;w ,dpa thrida[ld; th~~ ? vd;W ghoatu;
9. g;uhz?u!k; vd;w brhy; czu;j;Jk; bghUs;
m) rPuhf M) mHF
,) capu;tsp <) cly;capu; [tpil: ,) capu;tsp]
10. trd ftpijiaj; jkpHpy; mwpKfg;gLj;jpatu;
m) ghujpjhrd; M) ty;ypf;fz;zd;
,) gpr;r@u;j;jp <) ghujpahu; [tpil: <) ghujpahu;]
www.asiriyar.net
11. `fhw;nw th~ vd;Dk; ftpijapd; Mrpupau;

,) fz;zjhrd; <) thzpjhrd; [tpil: m) ghujpahu;]
12. fhw;W vijr; Rke;J bfhz;L tu ntz;Lbkd;W ghujp miHf;fpwhu;>
m) ftpijia M) kfue;jj;J}is
,) tpLjiyia <) kiHia [tpil: M) kfue;jj;J}is]
13. bghUj;jpf; fhl;Lf:

i) kaYWj;J ? 1. ka=;fr; bra;
ii) g;uhz ? u!k; ? 2. capu;tsp
iii) yaj;Jld; ? 3. kzk;
iv) thrid ? 4. rPuhf
m) 1/ 2/ 4/ 3 M) 2/ 3/ 1/ 4
,) 3/ 2/ 1/ 4 <) 2/ 1/ 3/ 4 [tpil: m) 1/ 2/ 4/ 3]
et
14. M=;fpyj;jpy; Prose Poetry (Free verse) vd;wiHf;fg;gLk; totj;ijj; jkpHpy;
mwpKfg;gLj;jpatu;
m) ghujpjhrd; M) ghujpahu;
.N
,) thzpjhrd; <) fz;zjhrd;; [tpil: M) ghujpahu;]
15. g[Jf;ftpij vd;w totk; cUthff; fhuzk;
m) ghujpapd; trd ftpij
ar
M) $g;ghdpaupd; i\f;T
,) tPukhKdptupd; ciueil
<) fk;gupd; ftpeak; [tpil: m) ghujpapd; trd ftpij]
riy
16. ghujpahu; Mrpupauhfg; gzpahw;wpa ,jH;fs;

i) ,e;jpah ii) Rnjrkpj;jpud;
,ay; 2
iii) vGj;J iv) fizahHp

si
m) i, ii - rup M) Kjy; @d;Wk; rup

,) ehd;Fk; rup <) i, ii - jtW [tpil: m) i, ii - rup]
17. gf;f kiyfs; cile;J bts;sk;
A
gha[J gha[J gha[J ? jhk;jupfpl

vd;w ,aw;ifbahypfis czu;t[ld; btspg;gLj;Jk; ghly;fisg; ghoatu;
,) fz;zjhrd; <) thzpjhrd; [tpil: m) ghujpahu;]
18. `,dpa thrida[ld; th~ vd;W ghujp miHj;jJ

m) fhw;W M) nkfk;
,) FHe;ij <) mUtp [tpil: m) fhw;W]
19. ghujpahu; fhw;iw `kaYWj;J~ miHg;gijf; Fwpf;Fk; brhw;bwhlu;
m) kzk; tPRk; fhw;wha; eP th
M) kdij ka=;fr; bra;a[k; kzj;njhL th
,) kapyhLk; fhw;wha; eP th
<) kfue;jk; Rke;J bfhz;L eP th [tpil: M) kdij ka=;fr; bra;a[k; kzj;njhL th]
www.asiriyar.net
FWtpdh
1. ghujpahupd; gilg;g[fs; rpytw;iwf; TW.
fz;zd; ghl;L/ Fapy; ghl;L/ ghg;gh ghl;L/ gh+;rhyp rgjk;/ g[jpa Mj;jpNo.
2. ghujpahu; vt;thbwy;yhk; ghuhl;lg;gl;lhu;>
ePLJapy; ePf;fg; gho te;j epyh/ rpe;Jf;Fj; je;ij/ ghl;Lf;bfhU g[ytd;/ kfhftp/ fiykfs;.
3. ghujpahupd; gd;Kf=;fs; ahit>
ftp+u;/ fl;Liuahsu;/ rpWfij/ Mrpupau;/ ,jHhrpupau;/ nfypr;rpj;jpu=;fs;/ fUj;Jg;gl=;fis
cUthf;Fgtu;.
4. ghujpahu; ,jHhrpupauhfg; gzpahw;wpa ,jH;fspd; bgau;fis vGJ.
,e;jpah/ Rnjrkpj;jpud;.
5. `fhw;nw th~ ghlypy; ,lk; bgw;Ws;s ,iag[r; brhw;fisf; TW.
et
ghLfpnwhk;/ TWfpnwhk;/ tHpgLfpd;nwhk;.
6. fhw;wplk; vjidf; bfhz;Lte;J bfhLf;FkhW ghujpahu; ntz;Lfpwhu;>
.N
kfue;jj;J}isr; Rke;J/ kdij kaf;Fk; thrida[ld;/ ,iyfs; kw;Wk; ePuiyfs;kPJ cuha;eJ
;
kpFe;j capu;tspiaf; bfhz;L te;J bfhLf;FkhW fhw;wplk; ghujpahu; ntz;Lfpwhu;.
7. vg;go tPRkhW fhw;iwg; ghujpahu; gzpf;fpwhu;>
ar
fhw;iw bkJthf/ ey;y Kiwapy; rPuhf/ ePz;lfhyk; epd;W tPrpf; bfhz;oUf;FkhW ghujpahu;
gzpf;fpwhu;.
8. ``cdf;Fg; ghl;Lfs; ghLfpd;nwhk;.
riy
cdf;Fg; g[fH;r;rpfs; TWfpnwhk;

cd;id tHpgLfpd;nwhk;~~ ? vd;W ahu; ahuplk; TWfpd;whu;>
ghujpahu;/ fhw;wplk; TWfpd;whu;.
,ay; 2
si
rpWtpdh
1. `fhw;nw th~ ghlypy; ghujpahu; TWk; bra;jp ahJ>
A
kfue;jj;J}isr; Rke;J bfhz;L kdij ka=;fr; bra;fpd;w thrida[ld; th.

,iyfspd; kPJk;/ ePuiyfspd; kPJk; cuha;e;J th.

capu;tspiaf; bfhL. Mdhy; nga;nghy; tPrp capuhfpa beUg;ig mizj;J tplhnj.

ePoj;J epd;W ed;whf tPR/ cd; rf;jp Fiwj;J vk; capiu mtpj;J tplhnj-

ck;ik ehk; ghLfpnwhk;/ g[fH;fpnwhk;/ tHpgLfpnwhk; vd;bwy;yhk; ghujp/ `fhw;nw th~ vd;w

ghlypy; ghLfpwhu;.
``cdf;Fg; ghl;Lfs; ghLfpd;nwhk;.
cdf;Fg; g[fH;r;rpfs; TWfpnwhk;
cd;id tHpgLfpd;nwhk;~~
2. kfhftp ghujpahu; Fwpg;g[ tif.
bgau; : kfhftp Rg;;gpukzpa ghujpahu;
bgw;nwhu; : rpd;drhkp ? ,yf;Fkp mk;ikahu;
www.asiriyar.net
ghuhl;Lfs; : `rpe;Jf;Fj; je;ij~/ `ghl;Lf;bfhU g[ytd; ghujp~

gzp : Mrpupau;/ ,jHhrpupau;/ rpWfij Mrpupau;.
gilg;g[fs; : fz;zd; ghl;L/ Fapy; ghl;L/ ghg;ghg;ghl;L/ gh+;rhyp rgjk;/ g[jpa
Mj;jpNo.
gzpahw;wpa ,jH;fs; : ,e;jpah/ Rnjrkpj;jpud;.
3. g[Jf;ftpij vd;w totk; cUthff; fhuzk; ahJ>
ciueila[k; ftpija[k; ,ize;J ahg;gpyf;fzj;jpw;F mg;ghw;gl;L cUthf;fg;gLk;

ftpij totk; `trd ftpij~ MFk;.

M=;fpyj;jpy; prose poetry (free verse) vd;wiHf;fg;gLk; ,t;totk; ghujpahuhy; jkpHpy;

mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.
czu;r;rp bgh=;ff; ftpij gilf;Fk; ,l=;fspy; ahg;g[/ jilahf ,Ug;gij czu;e;j

ghujpahu; trdftpij totj;ijf; ifahz;lhu;.

,e;j trd ftpijna `g[Jf;ftpij~ vd;w totk; cUthff; fhuzkhapw;W.
et

.N
1.
,t;trd ftpijapy; ,lk; bgw;Ws;s ntz;Lnfhs; brhw;fSk; fl;lisr; brhw;fSk;
(thrida[ld; th/ mtpj;J tplhnj.....) ftpijapd; cl;bghUis btspg;gLj;jj; Jiz
epw;gJ Fwpj;Jg; ngRf.
ar
thrida[ld; th :
kfue;jj;J}isr; Rke;J bfhz;L kdij ka=;fr; bra;fpd;w ,dpa thrida[ld; th
vd;gjd; bghUshtJ ,aw;ifapd; J}a kzkpf;f fhw;iwr; Rthrpf;f ntz;Lk; vd;gnjahFk;.
riy
koj;J tplhnj :
beUg;g[ vupa rPuhd fhw;W mtrpak;. mjpntff; fhw;W beUg;igg; gutr; bra;J kpFe;j
,ay; 2
Jd;gj;ij cUthf;Fk; kpft[k; Fiwthd ntfj;jpy; tPRk; fhw;whdJ beUg;g[ gw;wp vupa
si
Koahky; beUg;g[ miztjw;Ff; fhuzkhfpwJ.

ghujp jkJ capiu beUg;g[f;F xg;gpl;Ls;shu;. fhw;whdJ rf;jp Fiwe;J ngha; jd;
capiu mtpj;Jtplf; TlhJ vdt[k; nga; nghy tPrp jkJ capiu koj;Jtplf; TlhJ vdt[k;
A
cl;bghUs; bfhz;L ,t;ntz;Lnfhs; brhw;fisg; gad;gLj;jpa[s;shu;.

2. jpf;Ffs; vl;Lk; rpjwp ? jf;fj;
jPk;jupfpl jPk;jupfpl jPk;jupfpl jPk;jupfpl
gf;f kiyfs; cile;J bts;sk;
gha[J gha[J gha[J ? jhk;jupfpl
jf;fj; jjp=;fpl jpj;njhk; ? mz;lk;
rha[J rha[J rha[J ? nga; bfhz;L
jf;if aof;FJ fhw;W ? jf;fj;
jhk;jupfpl jhk;jupfpl jhk;jupfpl jhk;jupfpl ? ghujpahu;
,J nghd;w ,aw;ifbahypfis czu;t[ld; btspg;gLj;Jk; ftpijfisj; jpul;o te;J
tFg;giwapy; goj;Jf; fhl;L.
www.asiriyar.net
tpil :
m) kiHna kiHna th th ? ey;y M) fpYfpY fpYfp bydt[k; ; `fpf;fP~

thdg; g[dny th th ? ,t; fpf;fP bad;Wk; `nff;f/ nff;f~
`nfl;f/ nfl;f~ vdt[k;; `bfhf;bff;nf~
itaj; jKnj th th `Ff;Ff; Ff;Ff; Ff;Ff; Ff;Ff;
jfug; ge;jy; jzjz vd;d Ff;Tnt! vd;Wk;; fPr;fPr;/ fPr;rPr;~
jhGk; Tiu rsrs vd;d `fpR/ fpR/ fpR~ fPr; vd;Wk;;
ù=;f/ u=;f vd;Wk;
efug; bgz;fs; brg;g[f; Fl=;fs; gy;yhapu tifapdpy;
ed;bw=; Fk;fz fzfz vd;d ,irf;Fk; Fapy;fSk; fpspfSk;
(kiHna kiHna) Fyt[gy $hjpg; g[l;fSk;
,dpa g{=;Fu Yilad.
? ghujpjhrd; ? ghujpahu;
et

.N
ar
riy
,ay; 2
si
A
www.asiriyar.net
,ay; ,aw;if ftpijg; ngiH
Ky;iyg;ghl;L
2 eg;g{jdhu;
ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs;
gyt[s; bjupf
1. `ghL,kpH; gdpf;fly; gUfp~ vd;Dk; Ky;iyg;ghl;L mo czu;j;Jk; mwptpay; bra;jp ahJ>

m) fly;ePu; Mtpahfp nkfkhjy; M) fly;ePu; Fspu;r;rp miljy;
,) fly;ePu; xypj;jy; <) fly;ePu; bfhe;jspj;jy;
et
[tpil: m) fly;ePu; Mtpahfp nkfkhjy;]
FWtpdh
.N
1. bgw;nwhu; ntiyapypUe;J jpUk;gj; jhkjkhFk; nghJ mGk; jk;gpf;F eP=;fs; TWk; MWjy;
brhw;fis vGJf.
ar
jk;gp mHhnj- mg;ght[k; mk;kht[k; tpiutpy; te;J tpLthu;fs;. tUk;nghJ cdf;F
tpisahl;Lg; bghUl;fis th=;fpf; bfhz;L tUthu;fs;.
2. khmy; ? bghUSk;/ ,yf;fzf; Fwpg;g[k; jUf.
riy
khmy;
bghUs; jpUkhy; ngUUtk;
,ay; 2
,yf;fzf;Fwpg;g[ bra;a[spir msbgil cupr;brhy; bjhlu;

si
beLtpdh
A
1. Ky;iyg; ghl;oy; cs;s fhu;fhyr; bra;jpia tptupj;J vGJf.

Fwpg;g[r;rl;lk;
kiH
bja;t tHpghL
fd;wpd; tUj;jk;
tUe;jhnj
KJbgz;ou; jiytpaplk; TwpaJ
kiH:
nkfk; mfd;w cyfj;ij tisj;Jg; bgUkiH bghHpfpwJ. khtyp kd;dd; jpUkhYf;F
ePu;thu;j;Jj; jUk;bghGJ kz;Qf;Fk;/ tpz;Qf;Fk; ngUUtk; vLj;J cah;e;J epw;gJ
nghd;Ws;sJ kiHnkfk;. mk;kiH nkfk; xypf;Fk; flypd; Fsph;ePiug; gUfpg; bgUe;njhw;wk;
bfhz;L tykha; vGfpwJ. kiyiar; NHe;J tpiue;J ntfj;Jld; bgU kiHiag; bghHpfpwJ.
www.asiriyar.net
bja;t tHpghL:
KJbgz;fs; fhtiya[ila Cu;g;gf;fk; brd;wdu;. ahHpir nghd;W xypf;Fk; tz;Lfs;
eWkzk; bfhz;l g{f;fisr; Rw;wp Muthupf;Fk;. kyu;e;j Ky;iyg; g{nthL bey;iya[k;
nru;j;J bja;tj;jpd; Kd; J}tp tHpgLtu;. bja;tj;ijj; bjhGJ jiytpf;fhf ew;brhy; nfl;L
epw;gu;.
fd;wpd; tUj;jk;:
``rpWjhk;g[ bjhLj;j griyf; fd;wpd;
cWJau; mykuy; nehf;fp~~
rpW jhk;g[f; fapw;why; fl;lg;gl;l ,s=;fd;W grpahy; thof; bfhz;oUe;jJ. mjd;
tUj;jj;ij Xu; ,ilkfs; fz;lhs;.
tUe;jhnj :
g[y;iy nka;e;j cd; jha;khiu tise;j fj;jpia cila fk;igf; bfhz;l vd; ,ilau;
,g;bghGJ Xl;o te;J tpLthu; `tUe;jhnj~ vd;whs; ,ilkfs;.
et
KJbgz;ou; jiytpaplk; TwpaJ :
,ilkfs; @yk; ew;brhy;iyf; nfl;nlhk;. epd; jiytd; giftiu btd;W jpiwg;
.N
bghUnshL tUtJ cWjp. kdj;jLkhw;wk; bfhs;shnj-
,yf;fzf; Fwpg;g[.
@J}u; ? gz;g[j;bjhif
ar
cWJau; ? tpidj;bjhif
ifbjhGJ ? @d;whk; ntw;Wikj; bjhif
jlf;if ? cupr;brhy; bjhlu;
riy
ed;bkhHp ? gz;g[j;bjhif
gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzk;.
,ay; 2
bghwpj;j = bghwp + j; + j; + m bfhz;l = bfhs; (z;) + l; + m
si
bghwp ? gFjp bfhs; ? gFjp/ s;(z;) MdJ tpfhuk;

j; ? re;jp l;; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy
A
j; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy m ? bgabur;r tpFjp

m ? bgabur;r tpFjp
bghHpe;j = bghHp + j; (e;) + j; + m
bghHp ? gFjp
j; ? re;jp (e;) MdJ tpfhuk;
j;; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy
m ? bgabur;r tpFjp
TLjy; tpdhf;fs;
,yf;fzf; Fwpg;g[.
bgUk;bgay; ? gz;g[j;bjhif
rpWg[d; ? gz;g[j;bjhif
www.asiriyar.net
mU=;fo ? gz;g[j;bjhif
bgUKJbgz;ou; ? gz;g[j;bjhif
ey;nyhu; ? tpidahyiza[k; bgau;
gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzk;.
epkpu;e;j = epkpu; + j(e;); + j; + m nehf;fp
= nehf;F + ,
epkpu; ? gFjp nehf;F ? gFjp
j; ? re;jp (e;) MdJ tpfhuk; , ? tpidbar;r tpFjp
j; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy
m ? bgabur;r tpFjp
mirj;j = mir + j; + j; + m
mir ? gFjp
j; ? re;jp
et
j; ; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy
m ? bgabur;r tpFjp
.N
gyt[s; bjupf
1. Ky;iyg;ghl;od; bkhj;j mofs; vj;jid>

ar
m) 101 M) 102
,) 103 <) 104 [tpil: ,) 103]
2. Ky;iyg;ghl;L ve;j E}y; tifiar; rhu;e;jJ>
riy
m) vl;Lj;bjhif M) gj;Jg;ghl;L
,) fPH;ff
; zf;F <) rpw;wpyf;fpak; [tpil: M) gj;Jg;ghl;L]
3. Ky;iyj; jpizf;Fupa g{ tif
,ay; 2
m) fhe;js; M) gpltk;
si
,) jhiH <) ghjpup [tpil: M) gpltk;]

4. Ky;iyg;ghl;L ve;jf; fzf;F E}y;fSs; xd;W>
A
m) gjpbdz;nky; fzf;F M) gjpbdz;fPH;f;fzf;F

,) rpw;wpyf;fpak; <) fhg;gpak; [tpil: m) gjpbdz;nky; fzf;F]
5. gj;Jg;ghl;oy; kpff; Fiwe;j mofisf; bfhz;l E}y;

m) Fwp+;rpg;ghl;L M) Ky;iyg;ghl;L
,) gl;odg;ghiy <) jpUKUfhw;Wg;gil [tpil: M) Ky;iyg;ghl;L]
6. bghUj;Jf.
1. nekp ? m) kiy
2. nfhL ? M) tyk;g[up r=;F (rf;fuj;Jld; Toa)
3. tpupr;rp ? ,) njhs;
4. Rty; ? <) ew;brhy;
m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., M) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.<
,) 1.< 2.M 3., 4.m <) 1., 2.< 3.m 4.M [tpil: m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4.,]
www.asiriyar.net
7. tyk;g[upr; r=;F bghwpj;j iffisa[ilatu;

m) KUfd; M) jpUkhy;
,) khtyp kd;dd; <) ehd;Kfd; [tpil: M) jpUkhy;]
8. FWfpa totk; bfhz;L ePu;thu;j;Jj; je;jtd;
m) KUfd; M) jpUkhy;
,) khtypkd;dd; <) ehd;Kfd; [tpil: ,) khtypkd;dd;]
9. kz;Qf;Fk; tpz;Qf;Fkhfg; ngUUtk; vLj;J epd;wtu;
m) KUfd; M) jpUkhy;
,) khtypkd;dd; <) ehd;Kfd; [tpil: M) jpUkhy;]
10. ``nfhL bfhz;L vGe;j bfhL+; bryt[ vHpyp~~
? ,t;tofspy; `nkfk;~ vd;Dk; bghUs;jUk; brhy;
m) nfhL M) bryt[
,) vHpyp <) bfhL [tpil: ,) vHpyp]
et

11. ``bfhL=;nfhw; nfhtyu;~~ ? ,jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; nfhtyu; ahu;>

m) nfhtyd; M) Fwtu;
.N
,) cHtu; <) ,ilau; [tpil: <) ,ilau;]
12. Ky;iyg;ghl;L vd;Dk; E}iy ,aw;wpatu;

m) fgpyu; M) kh=;Foknjdhu;
ar
,) eg;g{jdhu; <) ef;fPuu; [tpil: ,) eg;g{jdhu;]
13. kiHapd; rPw;wk; ,ay;g[ thH;tpy; Vw;gLj;Jk; khw;w=;fisg; glk; gpoj;Jf; fhl;LtJ vJ>
m) r=;f ,yf;fpak; M) jpUf;Fws;
riy
,) ehyoahu; <) rpyg;gjpfhuk; [tpil: m) r=;f ,yf;fpak;]
14. ède;jiy cyfk;~ vd;gjpy; ède;jiy~ vd;gjd; bghUs;
,ay; 2
m) ftu;e;j M) mfd;w
si
,) RU=;fpa <) ,He;j [tpil: M) mfd;w]

15. èWtP~ vd;gjpy; `tP~ vd;gjd; bghUs;
m) kyu;fs; M) khd;fs;
A
,) tpz;kPd;fs; <) fz;fs; [tpil: m) kyu;fs;]

16. bghUj;jpf; fhl;Lf:
i) @J}u; ? 1. cupr;brhw;bwhlu;
ii) cWJau; ? 2. @d;whk; ntw;Wikj;bjhif
iii) ifbjhGJ ? 3. tpidj;bjhif
iv) jlf;if ? 4. gz;g[j;bjhif
m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 M) 3/ 4/ 1/ 2
,) 1/ 3/ 4/ 2 <) 2/ 1/ 3/ 4 [tpil: m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1]
17. bghwpj;j ? gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzj;jpd;go gpupf;Fk; Kiw

m) bghwp + j; + j; + m M) bghwpj;J + m
,) bghwp + j;(e;) + j; + m <) bghwp + j; + j [tpil: m) bghwp + j; + j; + m]
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18. jiytpf;fhf ew;brhy; nfl;L epd;wtu;fs;

m) ,sk; bgz;fs; M) Kjpa bgz;ou;
,) njhHpfs; <) rhd;nwhu; [tpil: M) Kjpa bgz;ou;]
19. rpWjhk;g[f; fapw;why; fl;lg;gl;l vJ grpahy; thof; bfhz;oUe;jJ>
m) gR M) ,s=;fd;W
,) vUik <) ML [tpil: M) ,s=;fd;W]
20. grpahy; thof; bfhz;oUe;j ,s=;fd;wpd; tUj;jj;ijf; fz;lts;

m) Fwkfs; M) ,ilkfs;
,) jiytp <) njhHp [tpil: M) ,ilkfs;]
21. ìfa bfhL=;nfhw; nfhtyu; gpd; epd;W ca;j;ju ,d;nd tUFtu;/ jhau;~ vd;W ahu; ahuplk;
TwpaJ>
m) ,ilkfs; ,s=;fd;wplk; M) KJbgz;ou; gRtplk;
et
,) jiytd; fhisaplk; <) jiytp nkfj;jplk;
[tpil: m) ,ilkfs; ,s=;fd;wplk;]
22. èd;du; ed;bkhHp nfl;ldk;~ ? ahu; ahuplk; TwpaJ>
.N
m) KJbgz;ou; jiytpaplk; TwpaJ
M) jiytp KJbgz;ouplk; TwpaJ
,) njhHp jiytpaplk; TwpaJ
ar
<) jiytp jiytdplk; TwpaJ [tpil: m) KJbgz;ou; jiytpaplk; TwpaJ]
23. ghlg;gFjpapy; ,lk;bgw;Ws;s Ky;iyg;ghl;od; mofs;

m) 1 ? 17 M) 17 ? 25
riy
,) 4 ? 16 <) 5 ? 20 [tpil: m) 1 ? 17]

24. Ky;iyapd; epyk;
,ay; 2
m) fhLk; fhL rhu;e;j ,lKk; M) kiya[k; kiy rhu;e;j ,lKk;

si
,) taYk; tay; rhu;e;j ,lKk; <) flYk; fly; rhu;e;j ,lKk;

[tpil: m) fhLk; fhL rhu;e;j ,lKk;]
A
25. ,Uj;jYk; ,Uj;jy; epkpj;jKk; (fhj;jpUj;jy;) ve;epyj;Jf;Fupa cupg;bghUs;

m) Fwp+;rp M) Ky;iy
,) kUjk; <) ghiy [tpil: M) Ky;iy]
26. fhu;fhyj;Jf;Fupa khj=;fs;

m) ij/ khrp M) g=;Fdp/ rpj;jpiu
,) Mtzp/ g[ul;lhrp <) fhu;j;jpif/ khu;fHp [tpil: ,) Mtzp/ g[ul;lhrp]
27. eg;g{jdhupd; je;ij
m) bghd;Koahu; M) bghd;tzpfdhu;
,) khrhj;Jthzpfdhu; <) khzpf;fehadhu; [tpil: M) bghd;tzpfdhu;]
28. bghd;tzpfdhupd; Cu;
m) ciwa{u; M) kJiu
,) fhtpupg;g{k;gl;odk; <) Fw;whyk; [tpil: ,) fhtpupg;g{k;gl;odk;]
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FWtpdh
1. Ky;iyg;ghl;L E}y; Fwpg;g[ tiuf.

gj;Jg;ghl;L E}y;fSs; xd;W.

103 ghly; motiuaiw bfhz;lJ.

Mrpupag;ghthy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ.

Ky;iy epyj;ijg; gw;wpg; ghlg;gl;lJ.

gj;Jg;ghl;oy; kpff; Fiwe;j mofisf; bfhz;l E}y;.

2. eg;g{jdhu; Fwpg;g[ tiuf.

Ky;iyg;ghl;ilg; ghoatu;.

fhtpupg;g{k;gl;odj;Jg; bghd;tzpfdhu; kfdhthu;.

3. tpupr;rp nfl;ly; vd;why; vd;d>

VnjDk; xU bray; ed;whf Koa[nkh> Koahnjh> vd Iak; bfhz;l bgz;fs;/ kf;fs;
et

elkhl;lk; Fiwthd Cu;g;gf;fj;jpy; ngha;/ bja;tj;ijj; bjhGJ epw;gu;.

mayhu; ngRk; brhy;iyf; Tu;e;J nfl;gu;.

mtu;fs; ey;y brhy;iyf; Twpd; jk; bray; ed;ikapy; Koa[k;.
.N

jPa bkhHpiaf; Twpd; jk; bray; jPajha; Koa[k; vd;W vz;Qtu;.

4. ,s=;fd;W tUe;jf; fhuzk; ahJ>

ar
rpW jhk;g[f; fapw;why; fl;lg;gl;l ,s=;fd;W grpahy; thof; bfhz;oUe;jJ.
5. ,s=;fd;wpd; tUj;jj;ijg; nghf;f ,ilkfs; Twpa bra;jp ahJ>
g[y;iy nka;e;j cd; jha;khiu tise;j fj;jpia cila fk;igf; bfhz;l vk; ,ilau;
riy
,g;nghJ Xl;o te;JtpLtu; ? tUe;jhnj.

6. jiytpia KJbgz;ou; vt;thW Mw;Wg;gLj;jpdu;>
epd; jiytd; giftiu btd;W jpiug;bghUnshL tUthd;.
,ay; 2

jiytpna! kdj;jLkhw;wk; bfhs;shnj.

si
7. Ky;iyg;ghl;oy; jpUkhy; Fwpj;J Twg;gl;l bra;jp ahJ>

tyk;g[upr;r=;F bghwpj;j iffis cilatd; jpUkhy;.
A
FWfpa totk; vLj;jtd;.

khtyp kd;dd; ePu; thu;j;Jj; jUk;nghJ kz;Qf;Fk; tpz;Qf;Fkhfg; ngUUtk; vLj;jtd;.

8. kiHg;bghHpt[ Fwpj;J Ky;iyg; ghl;oy; Twg;gl;Ls;s bra;jp ahJ>

xypf;Fk; flypd; Fspu;ePiug; gUfp bgUe; njhw;wk; bfhz;lJ nkfk;.

mk;nkfkhdJ tykha; vGe;jJ.

kiyiar; NH;e;jJ.

tpiue;j ntfj;Jld; bgUkiHiag; bghHpe;jJ.

9. Kjpa bgz;fs; (KJbgz;ou;) bja;tj;ij vt;thW bjhGJ epd;wdu;>

Ky;iyg; g{f;fnshL ehHp mst[ bey;iya[k; nru;j;J bja;tj;jpd; Kd; J}tpdu;.

bja;tj;ijj; bjhGJ jiytpf;fhf ew;brhy; nfl;L epd;wdu;.

10. bghGJ vj;jid tifg;gLk;> mit ahit>

bghGJ ,uz;L tifg;gLk;. mit: bgUk; bghGJ/ rpW bghGJ.
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11. Ky;iy epyj;jpw;Fupa bghGJfs; vit>

bgUk; bghGJ ? fhu;fhyk; (Mtzp/ g[ul;lhrp)
rpW bghGJ ? khiy
12. Ky;iyg;ghl;oy; ,lk;bgw;Ws;s fUg;bghUisf; TWf.
ePu; ? FW+;Rid ePu;/ fhl;lhW
kuk; ? bfhd;iw/ fhah/ FUe;jk;
g{ ? Ky;iy/ gpltk;/ njhd;wpg;g{
rpWtpdh

1. Ky;iyg;ghl;L Fwpg;gpLk; khiyf;fhy bra;jp ahJ>

Jd;gj;ijj; jUfpd;w khiyg; bghGjpy; Kjpa bgz;fs; fhtiya[ila Cu;g;gf;fk;

brd;wdu;.
et
ahHpir nghd;W xypf;Fk; tz;Lfs; NH;e;J Muthupf;Fk; eWkzk; bfhz;l mUk;g[fs;.

kyu;e;j Ky;iyg; g{f;fnshL bey;iya[k; nru;j;Jj; bja;tj;jpd; Kd; J}t[tu;.

bja;tj;ijj; bjhGJ jiytpf;fhf ew;brhy; nfl;L epw;gu;.
.N

2. KJbgz;ou; tpupr;rp nfl;L jiytpf;Ff; Twpa bra;jp ahJ>

,s=;fd;wpd; grp :
rpW jhk;g[f; fapw;why; fl;lg;gl;l ,s=;fd;W grpahy; thof;bfhz;oUe;jJ.
ar

mjd; tUj;jj;ij Xu; ,ilkfs; fz;lhs;.

g[y;iy nka;e;j cd; jhahiu tise;j fj;jpa[ila fk;igf; bfhz;l vk; ,ilau; ,g;nghJ

Xl;o te;JtpLtu; tUe;jhnj vd;whs; ,ilkfs;.

riy
ew;brhy;iyf; nfl;nlhk; :
,ilkfsJ ew;brhy;iy eh=;fs; nfl;nlhk;.

,ay; 2
jiytd; jpiwg;bghUnshL tUtJ cWjp.

si
3. kiH nkfk; ? kiHg; bghHpt[ Fwpj;J Ky;iyg;ghl;L vt;thW tUzpj;Js;sJ>

kiH nkfk;:
tyk;g[upr; r=;F bghwpj;j iffisa[ilatd; jpUkhy;.
A
khtyp kd;dd; ePu; thu;j;Jj; jUk;nghJ tpz;Qf;Fk; kz;Qf;Fkha; ngUUtk; vLj;jtd;

jpUkhy;.
mg;ngUUtj;ijg; nghd;Ws;sJ kiH nkfk;.

kiHg; bghHpt[ :
ngUUtk; bfhz;l nkfkhdJ tykha; vGe;jJ.

kiyiar; NH;e;jJ.

tpiue;j ntfj;Jld; bgUkiHiag; bghHpe;jJ.

4. Ky;iyg;ghl;L ghlypy; ,lk; bgw;Ws;s Kjy;/ fU/ cupg;bghUs;fis vGJ.

jpiz epyk; rpWbghGJ bgUk;bghGJ
Ky;iy fhLk; fhL rhu;e;j epyKk; khiy fhu;fhyk;
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fUg;bghUs; cupg;bghUs;
ePu; kuk; g{ ,Uj;jy; ,Uj;jy;
epkpj;jKk;
FW+;Rid ePu;/ bfhd;iw/ fhah/ Ky;iy/ gpltk;
fhl;lhW. FUe;jk;. njhd;wpg;g{.
1. Ky;iyg;ghl;od; fhl;rpfspypUe;J r=;ffhy kf;fspd; thH;f;ifr; NHiy czu Kofpwjh>

c=;fspd; fUj;Jfisg; gjpt[ bra;f.
kf;fs; gpwUf;F Vw;gl;l Jd;gj;ijj; jdf;F Vw;gl;l Jd;gkhfnt fUjpapUf;fpd;wdu;.

kdpju;fSila Jd;g=;fs; kl;Lkpd;wp mBwpiz capupd=;fspd; Jd;g=;fisa[k; ePf;f

Kw;gl;oUf;fpd;wdu;.
bja;t ek;gpf;if cilatu;fs;.

et
tpupr;rp nfl;lypy; ek;gpf;if cilatu;fs;.

xUtiubahUtu; Mw;Wg;gLj;jp kfpH;e;jpUf;fpd;wdu;.

2. Fwpg;g[fisf; bfhz;L Mu;t@l;Lk; tifapy; fij ' epfH;it vGJ.
.N
mikjp ? tdk; ? kdj;ijj; bjhl;lJ ? bfh+;rk; mr;rk; ? Mdhy; gpoj;jpUe;jJ ? ,utpy;
tPl;od; mikjpiatpl ? tdj;jpd; mikjp ? g[Jik ? fhy;fs; jiuapy; ? ,iyfspd; ryryg;g[
? gwitfs; ku=;fspd; nky; ? rpwfog;g[ ? mUfpy; jpUk;gpat[ld; ? jpObud Muthu Xir ?
ar
jz;zPupd; Xl;lk; ? mHfhd MW ? cUz;l rpW THh=;fw;fs; ? ,aw;ifapd; fz;fhl;rp.
,aw;ifapd; fz;fhl;rp
riy
mikjpahd tdk; :
mlu;e;j ku=;fisf; bfhz;l gRik kpFe;j mikjp epiwe;j tdj;jpw;Fr; brd;nwd;.
tdj;jhtu=;fs; kw;Wk; kyu;fspd; eWkzk; vd; kdijj; bjhl;lJ. mr;NH;epiy kpft[k;
,ay; 2
gpoj;jpUe;jJ. ,utpy; tPl;oy; ,Uf;Fk; mikjpiatpl tdj;jpd; mikjp vd;id kpft[k;
si
ftu;e;jJ.
fhl;Lapupfs; :
g[Jikahd Xu; mDgtj;ijg; bgw;nwd;. vd; fhy;fs; jiuapy; Cd;wpapUg;gjha;j;
A
bjupatpy;iy. ,iyfspd; ryryg;g[ nfl;L Xir te;j jpir nehf;fpj; jpUk;gpndd;. ku=;fspd;
nkypUe;j gwitfs; j=;fs; rpwFfis moj;J nrhk;giyg; nghf;fpf; bfhz;oUe;jd.
Muthu Xir :
jpObud Vw;gl;l Muthu Xiriaf; nfl;L jpUk;gpg; ghu;j;njd;. Fu=;Ffs; jz;zPupd;
Xl;lj;jpy; j=;fs; Kf=;fspd; mHiff; fz;L Muthuk; bra;J bfhz;oUe;jd.
mHfhd MW :
bjspthd ePnuhilapd; cs;ns/ cUz;il totpy; rpW THh=;fw;fs; ghu;g;gjw;F
tpiya[au;e;j fw;fisg; nghyt[k;/ fz;zhoahy; bra;ag;gl;l cUz;ilfs; nghyt[k;
njhw;wkspj;jd. ,j;jifa ,aw;ifapd; fz;fhl;rp vd; kdij tpl;L mfytpy;iy.

www.asiriyar.net
,ay; ,aw;if tpupthdk;
g[aypny xU njhzp
2 g. rp=;fhuk;
ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs;
rpWtpdh
1. kiH epd;wt[ld; g[yg;gLk; fhl;rpia tUzpj;J vGJf.
Fwpg;g[ : ,iyfspy; brhl;Lk; ePu; ? clypy; XLk; bky;ypa Fspu; ? nj=;fpa Fl;ilapy; `rsg;
jsg;~ vd;W Fjpf;Fk; FHe;ijfs; ? XLk; ePupy; fhfpjf; fg;gy;.
et
njdilapypUe;J tpGk; njd; Jspiag; nghy rpy kzpj;JspfSf;F xU Kiw ePu; ~brhl;

brhl;~ vd tpGe;jJ.
tpUk;gj;jf;f bjd;wiyg; nghyt[k; kapypwfpd; tUly; nghyt[k; bky;ypa Fspu; clypy;
.N

XLk;.
ePu; cs;s jlhfj;jpny gy tifahd kPd;fSk; jtisfSk; jhtpf;Fjpf;Fk; nghJ Vw;gLk;

Xiria xj;j `rsg; jsg;~ vd;w rj;jj;Jld; nj=;fpf; fple;j ePu;f; Fl;ilapy; FHe;ijfs;
ar
Fjpj;J tpisaho kfpH;e;jdu;.
mikjpahd ePnuhl;lk; bfhz;l ejpahdJ ,Gj;J tUk; rpWrpW fl;il kw;Wk; ,ju

bghUl;fs; nghy FHe;ijfs; XLk; ePupy; fhfpjf; fg;gy;fis tpl;L kfpH;e;jdu;.

riy
beLtpdh
,ay; 2
1.
g[aypny xU njhzp fijapy; ,lk;bgw;Ws;s tUzidfSk; mLf;Fj; bjhlu;fSk;
si
xypf;Fwpg;g[r; brhw;fSk; g[aypy; njhzp gLk;ghl;il vt;thW tptupf;fpd;wd>

Fwpg;g[r; rl;lk;
A
Kd;Diu
g[ay; tUzid
mLf;Fj;bjhlu;
xypf;Fwpg;g[
Kot[iu
Kd;Diu:
kdpj thH;f;if nghy ,aw;ifa[k; ,d;gk; Jd;gk; epiwe;jJ. me;j tifapy; `g[aypny
xU njhzp~ vd;w g[jpdj;jpy;/ gh.rp=;fhuk; vGjpa[s;s tUzid/ mLf;Fj;bjhlu; kw;Wk;
xypf;Fwpg;g[k; gw;wp ,f;fl;Liuapy; fhz;nghk;.
g[ay; tUzid:
bfhSj;Jk; btapy; ,ikf;Fk; neuj;jpy; kiwe;Jtpl;lJ. ghz;oad; mz;zhe;J
ghu;j;jhd;. nkf=;fs; Fk;kpUl;L MdJ. fhw;wpy;yhky; xnu ,Wf;fkhdJ. ,oKHf;fj;Jld;
kpd;dy; thdj;ijg; gpse;jJ. thdk; cile;jd. bts;sk; bfhl;oaJ. Nwhtsp Mof;Fjpj;jJ.
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thDld; fly; fye;Jtpl;lJ. kiH bjupatpy;iy. fly; btwpf; Tj;jhl;lj;jhy; bjh=;fhd;

@H;fp rpg;g=;fs; flypy; ePe;Jfpd;wd. thdk;/ fly;/ fhw;W/ kiH xd;W nru;e;J Tf;Fuypl;lJ.
thdk; gpse;J beUg;igf; ff;fpaJ.
mLf;Fj;bjhlu;:
bjh=;fhd; eLeL=;fpj; jhtp jhtp FjpFjpj;jJ. gpwF bjh=;fhd; Fjpj;J tpGe;J behWbehW
vd;W behW=;fpaJ. RHd;W fpWfpWj;Jf; Tj;jhoaJ.
xypf;Fwpg;g[:
bjh=;fhd; jhtp tpGe;jJ/ RHy;fpd;wJ. flypy; rpYrpY kukug;g[ b=ha;=; g[a;t;/ b=ha;=;/
g[a;=; vd ,o KHf;fk; bra;a rPdg; gprhRfs; jhtp tPRfpd;wd. gfy; ,uthfp cg;g[f; fhw;W
cliy tUoaJ.
Kot[iu:
g[aYf;Fg; gpd;dhy; Ie;jhk; ehs; fiu bjd;gl;lJ. mLj;jehs; Kw;gfy; gpdh=;F
JiwKfj;ij mQfpdhu;fs;. gpythdpypUe;J Rkj;uhtiu g[ay; ,g;gog; gaKWj;jpaJ.
et
,j;jifa tUzidnahL g[aypy; njhzp gLk;ghl;il `mHfha;~ tptupf;fpd;whu; gh. rp=;fhuk;.
TLjy; tpdhf;fs;
gyt[s; bjupf
.N
ar
1. g[aypny xU njhzp vd;gJ
m) rpWfij M) g[jpdk;
,) fhg;gpak; <) ftpij [tpil: M) g[jpdk;]
riy
2. `g[aypny xU njhzp~ vd;Dk; g[jpdj;jpd; Mrpupau;

m) g. rp=;fhuk; M) K.t.
,) jpU.tp.f. <) mfpyd; [tpil: m) g. rp=;fhuk;]
,ay; 2
3. tl,e;jpag; bgU=;flypy; cUthFk; g[ay;fSf;Fg; bgau; itf;Fk; eilKiw bjhl=;fg;gl;l
si
Mz;L
m) 2004 M) 2000
,) 1999 <) 1940 [tpil: M) 2000]
A
4. ,y=;if je;j g[aypd; bgau;

m) mf;dp M) Mfh&;
,) f$h <) $y; [tpil: ,) f$h]
5. `fg;gpj;jhd;~ vd;gJ vijf; Fwpf;fpwJ>
m) jiyik khYkp M) fg;gy;
,) g[ay; <) gazp [tpil: m) jiyik khYkp]
6. `bjh=;fhd;~ vd;gJ vijf; Fwpf;fpwJ>
m) jiyik khYkp M) fg;gy;
,) g[ay; <) gazp [tpil: M) fg;gy;]
7. g[yk;bgau;e;j jkpHu;fisg; gw;wpa Kjy; g[jpdk;
m) g[aypny xU njhzp M) njhzp tUfpwJ
,) fs;sj; njhzp <) mfy;tpsf;F [tpil: m) g[aypny xU njhzp]
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8.
bjd;fpHf;fhrpag; nghu; @z;ljpy; knyrpah/ ,e;njhndrpah gFjpfspy; epfH;tjhf cs;s
fw;gidg; gilg;g[
m) Mwhk; jpiz M) g[aypny xU njhzp
,) ghy; kuf;fhl;odpny <) ,tw;wpy; vJt[kpy;iy
[tpil: M) g[aypny xU njhzp]
9. g[aypny xU njhzp vd;Dk; g[jpdj;jpd; _______ vd;Dk; mj;jpahaj;jpd; RUf;fg;gl;l gFjp

ghlkhf itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
m) fhtpaf;Tj;J M) fiyf;Tj;J
,) flw;Tj;J <) ,irf;Tj;J [tpil: ,) flw;Tj;J]
10. gh. rp=;fhuj;jpd; Cu; _______ khtl;lk; _______

m) rp=;fk;g[zup/ rptf=;if M) ciwa{u;/ jpUr;rp
,) nkl;Lg;g[J}u;/ <nuhL <) bjd;fhrp/ jpUbey;ntyp
[tpil: m) rp=;fk;g[zup/ rptf=;if]
et
11. g. rp=;fhuk; _______ ,e;njhndrpah brd;whu;.
m) ntiyf;fhf M) J}juhf
,) Ma;thsuhf <) mfjpahf [tpil: m) ntiyf;fhf]
.N
12. g. rp=;fhuk; gzpahw;wpa ,jH;
m) jpdfud; M) jpdkzp
,) jpdj;je;jp <) jpdg{kp [tpil: ,) jpdj;je;jp]
ar
13. g. rp=;fhuj;jpd; nrkpg;ghd ________ ,yl;rk; qghia khztu;fspd; fy;tp tsu;r;rpf;fhf
tH=;fpdhu;.
riy
m) VHiu M) Mwiu
,) ehd;fiu <) gj;J [tpil: m) VHiu]
14. `gy; gHg; gytpd; ga=;bfG bfhy;yp~ vd;W Fwpg;gpLk; E}y;

,ay; 2
m) g[wehD}W M) mfehD}W
si
,) fypj;bjhif <) ehyoahu; [tpil: M) mfehD}W]

15. bfhy;ypkiy mike;Js;s khtl;lk;
m) ju;kg[up M) nryk;
A
,) ehkf;fy; <) jpzL

; f;fy; [tpil: ,) ehkf;fy;]
16. g[Jjpy;ypapy; cs;s cyf thdpiy mikg;gpd; kz;lyk; rpwg;g[ thdpiy Ma;t[ikak; 2004
brg;lk;gupy; ,Ue;J g[ay;fSf;Fg; bgau; itf;f ________ bgau;fisg; gl;oaypl;Ls;sJ.
m) 62 M) 64
,) 60 <) 54 [tpil: M) 64]
17. `bga;l;o~ g[aypd; bgaiuj; je;j ehL

m) ,e;jpah M) ,y=;if
,) Xkd; <) jha;yhe;J [tpil: <) jha;yhe;J]
18. g[aYf;F ,e;jpah je;Js;s bgau;fspy; ehd;F g{j=;fisf; fz;lwp.
m) mf;dp/ Mfh&;/ gp$;yp/ $y; M) nkf;/ mf;dp/ $y;
,) nkf;/ rhfu;/ tha[/ Mfh&; <) gp$;yp/ mf;dp/ nkf;/ f$h
[tpil: m) mf;dp/ Mfh&;/ gp$;yp/ $y;]
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19. thdpiy Ma;thsu;fs;/ bghJkf;fs;/ fly; khYkpfs; Mfpnahu;f;F thdpiy vr;rupf;ifiag;

g[upe;J bfhz;L bray;glf; bfhLf;fg;gLtJ
m) g[aypd; bgau;fs; M) fy=;fiu tpsf;fk;
,) epthuz cjtp <) jpirfhl;Lk; fUtp [tpil: m) g[aypd; bgau;fs;]
20. ______ E}w;whz;od; bjhlf;fj;jpy; bjw;fhrpa ehLfspy; gy;ntW ehLfisr; nru;e;jtu;fs;

Fonawpdu;.
m) gjpbdl;lhk; M) gj;bjhd;gjhk;
,) gjpdhwhk; <) gjpndHhk; [tpil: M) gj;bjhd;gjhk;]
21. g. rp=;fhuk; ,uz;lhk; cyfg; nghu; epfH;e;j nghJ ,Ue;j ,lk;

m) ,e;njhndrpah/ bkgpd; efu; M) ,y=;if/ ahH;g;ghzk;
,) knyrpah/ nfhyhyk;g{u; <) rPdh/ bga;$p=;
[tpil: m) ,e;njhndrpah/ bkgpd; efu;]
et
i) fg;gpj;jhd; ? 1. ,e;njhndrpahtpYs;s ,lk;
ii) bjh=;fhd; ? 2. kPd; tif
iii) mt[ypah ? 3. fg;gy;
.N
iv) gpythd; ? 4. jiyik khYkp (nfg;ld;)
m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 M) 3/ 2/ 1/ 4
,) 2/ 1/ 3/ 4 <) 3/ 4/ 2/ 1 [tpil: m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1]
ar
23. ``Xo thU=;fs;- ,=;nf Xo thU=;fs;- byf;fh!;/ byf;fh!;- vd;W fj;jpatd;
m) ghz;oad; M) fg;gpj;jhd;
riy
,) $g;ghdpa mjpfhup <) F!;lht; [tpil: M) fg;gpj;jhd;]
24. `jkpnuh~ vd;W cWkpatu;

m) khYkp M) $g;ghdpa mjpfhup
,ay; 2
,) rPd mjpfhup <) ghz;oad; [tpil: M) $g;ghdpa mjpfhup]
si
25. thdpiy khw;wj;ijf; fz;L vGe;J ngha;g; ghu;j;jtd;

m) khYkp M) ghz;oad;
A
,) fg;gpj;jhd; <) nrud; [tpil: M) ghz;oad;]
1.
flypy; g[aypd; jhf;fj;jpdhy; Vw;gl;l gjw;wj;ij btspg;gLj;j mLf;Fj; bjhlu;fSk;
tUzidfSk; vt;thbwy;yhk; gad;gl;Ls;sd vd;gJ Fwpj;J tFg;gpy; ngRf.
g[aypd; rPw;wj;jpdhy; rpf;fpj; jtpj;jtu;fs; `,Us; eP=;fp Nupa btspr;rj;ijf; fz;lJk;

`Nupad; Nupad; Nupad;~ vdr; rw;W gjw;wk; eP=;ff; Twpdu;.

g[aypy; rpf;fp Ie;jhk; ehs; fiuiaf; fz;lnghJ ``fiu fiu~~ vdr; rj;jkpl;ldu;. nkw;fz;l

mLf;Fj; bjhlu;fs; gjw;wj;jpd; kj;jpapy; fhf;fg;gLnthk; vd;Dk; ek;gpf;ifapy;

TwpajhFk;.

vz;bza; g{rpaitg; nghy; bkhGbkhGbtd bespe;j miyfs; vd;w tUzid/
miyapd; jd;ikia vLj;Jf;fhl;LfpwJ.
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thidg; gpse;j gpd;dy; fPw;Wfs;. thdk; cile;J bts;sk; bfhl;oaJ vd;w tUzidfs;

kpd;dypd; mnfhu xsp tPr;ira[k;/ kiHg; bghHptpd; mst[ kw;Wk; ntfj;ijf; Fwpg;gjha;
mike;Js;sJ.
jiyf;F nky; bts;sk;" thDld; fly; fye;J tspa[ld; ,ize;J tpl;lJ vd;Dk;

bjhlu; @yk; g[aypy; njhzpapd; epiy vd;dthapUf;Fk; vd;gij czu;j;JfpwJ.

2. eP=f
; s; vjpu;bfhz;l ,aw;if ,lu; Fwpj;J tptupj;J vGJf.
(kiH/ bts;sk;/ g[ay;/ twl;rp)
kiH :
jtwpg;bga;j gUtkiHahy; mWtilf;Fj; jahuha; ,Ue;j gapu;fs; ePupy; eide;J
ehrk; mile;jd. nghf;Ftuj;J ghjpg;g[fshy; kf;fs; gy ,d;dy;fSf;F Mshapdu;.
kiHg; bghHptpd; fhuzkhf kf;fs; gyu; btspna bry;y KoahjjhYk;. kpd;rhuk; jil
bra;ag;gl;ljhYk; gy bjhHpy;fs; Kl=;fpd.
g[ay; :
et
brd;idf;Fj; bjd;fpHf;nf 260 fp.kP bjhiytpYk;/ ehiff;F tlfpHf;nf
180 fp.kP bjhiytpYk; ikak; bfhz;oUe;j f$h g[ay;/ nkw;F bjd; nkw;Fj; jpirapy; efu;e;J
.N
flY}u; ghk;gd; ,ilna ehiff;F mUnf kzpf;F 111 fp.kP ntfj;jpy; fiuiaf; fle;jJ.
g[ayhdJ fiuiaf; fle;j nghjpYk; bly;lh kw;Wk; fiunahu gFjp kf;fspd; ftiy ,d;Dk;
fle;J nghftpy;iy. Vbddpy; tptrhapfs;/ kPdtu;fs; Mfpnahupd; thH;thjhunk mHpe;jJ.
ar
bts;sk;:
fle;j 2018 Mk; Mz;L nfushtpy; Vw;gl;l bts;skhdJ mk;khepyj;ijna g[ul;og;
nghl;lJ. bjd;nkw;F gUtf;fhw;wpdhy; Vw;gl;l kiHg;bghHpnt ,jw;Ff; fhuzk;.
riy
bts;sj;jpdhy; Vw;gl;l kz;ruptpy; rpf;fp gyu; capupHe;jdu;. ,jpy; nfushtpy; cs;s ,Lf;fp/
taehL nfhHpf;nfhL cl;gl 10 khtl;l=;fs; bgupJk; ghjpf;fg;gl;ld. kiyg;ghijapy;
Vw;gl;l kz;ruptpdhy; nghf;Ftuj;J ghjpf;fg;gl;lJ.
,ay; 2
twl;rp:
si
,e;jpa thdpiyj; Jiwapd; Tw;Wg;go 10 rjtpjj;jpw;Fk; Fiwthd kiHg;bghHpt[

,Uf;Fnkahdhy; me;ehl;il twl;rpahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l ehL vdyhk;. gw;whf; Fiwahd
kiHg; bghHpnt twl;rpf;Ff; fhuzk; gUtfhyk; bgha;j;Jg; nghtjhy; cUthFk;.
A
kiHg; bghHptpd;ik/ gUtfhy khWghLfs;/ fhLfs; mHpt[/ Rw;Wr;NHy; rPu;nfL/ mjpf

mst[ Mtpahjy;/ nkhrkhd epy nkyhz;ik/ mjPj nka;r;ry;/ kz; mupg;g[ Mfpad twl;rp
Vw;gl Kf;fpaf; fhuz=;fshFk;.

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,ay; ,aw;if fw;fz;L;
bjhifepiyj; bjhlu;fs;
2
ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs;
gyt[s; bjupf
1. `bgupa kPir~ rpupj;jhu; ? tz;zr; brhy;Yf;fhd bjhifapd; tif vJ>

m) gz;g[j;bjhif M) ctikj;bjhif
,) md;bkhHpj;bjhif <) ck;ikj;bjhif [tpil: m) gz;g[j;bjhif]
et
FWtpdh
1. jz;zPu; Fo/ japu;f;Flk; Mfpa bjhifr;brhw;fis tpupj;J vGJf. bjhlupy; mikf;f.
.N
jz;zPu; Fo
jz;zPiuf; Fo (,uz;lhk; ntw;Wikj; bjhif)

kpFe;j jhfj;jpdhy; jz;zPiuf; Foj;njd;.

ar

japu;f;Flk;
japiu cila Flk; (,uz;lhk; ntw;Wik cUg[k; gaDk; cld; bjhf;fj; bjhif)

fkyh japu;f;Flj;jpypUe;J japiu Cw;wpdhs;.

riy
rpWtpdh
,ay; 2
1.
njhl;lj;jpy; ky;ypifg;g{ gwpj;j g{=;bfho/ tUk; tHpapy; MLkhLfSf;Fj; jz;zPu;j;
si
bjhl;oapy; FoePu; epug;gpdhs;. tPl;oDs; te;jts; Rtu;f;fofhuj;jpy; kzp ghu;j;jhs;.

,g;gFjpapy; cs;s bjhifr; brhw;fspd; tiffisf; Fwpg;gpl;L tpupj;J vGJf.
A
ky;ypifg;g{
,U bgabuhl;Lg; gz;g[j;bjhif.

ky;ypif vd;Dk; g{ (ky;ypif ? rpwg;g[g; bgau;/ g{ ? bghJg; bgau;)

g{=;bfho
ctikj; bjhif

g{ nghd;w bfho

jz;zPu;j; bjhl;oapy;
,uz;lhk; ntw;Wik cUg[k; gaDk; cld; bjhf;fj; bjhif

jz;zPiu Cw;Wk; bjhl;o

FoePu; epug;gpdhs;
,uz;lhk; ntw;Wikj; bjhif

FoePiu epug;gpdhs;

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TLjy; tpdhf;fs;
gyt[s; bjupf
1. bjhif epiyj; bjhlu; vj;jid tifg;gLk;>

m) ,uz;L M) ehd;F
,) Ie;J <) MW [tpil: <) MW]
2. fPH;f;fhQk; brhw;fspy; ck;ikj;bjhif my;yhj brhy; vJ>
m) nju;g;ghfd; M) mz;zd; jk;gp
,) btw;wpiy ghf;F <) ,ut[ gfy; [tpil: m) nju;g;ghfd;]
3.
`kJiu brd;whu;~ ? ,j;bjhlupy; mike;Js;s ntw;Wikj;bjhif vt;tif ntw;Wikj;
bjhiff;Fg; bghUe;Jk;>
m) @d;whk; ntw;Wikj; bjhif
et
M) ehd;fhk; ntw;Wikj; bjhif
,) Ie;jhk; ntw;Wikj; bjhif
<) Mwhk; ntw;Wikj; bjhif [tpil: M) ehd;fhk; ntw;Wikj; bjhif]
.N
4. bghUj;Jf.
1. kJiu brd;whu; ? m) tpidj;bjhif
ar
2. tPR bjd;wy; ? M) gz;g[j;bjhif
3. br=;fhe;js; ? ,) ,Ubgabuhl;Lg; gz;g[j;bjhif
4. khu;fHpj; jp=;fs; ? <) ehd;fhk; ntw;Wikj; bjhif
riy
m) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., M) 1.< 2., 3.M 4.m

,) 1.< 2.M 3.m 4., <) 1.< 2., 3.m 4.M [tpil: m) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4.,]
5. bghUj;Jf.
,ay; 2
1. ctikj;bjhif ? m) KWf;F kPir itj;jhu;

si
2. ck;ikj;bjhif ? M) kyu;f;if
3. md;bkhHpj;bjhif ? ,) tl;lj;bjhl;o
A
4. gz;g[j;bjhif ? <) mz;zd; jk;gp

m) 1.M 2.< 3.m 4., M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4.,
,) 1.M 2., 3.m 4.< <) 1., 2.< 3.m 4.M [tpil: m) 1.M 2.< 3.m 4.,]
6. gz;g[j;bjhif my;yhj xd;W
m) br=;fhe;js; M) tl;lj;bjhl;o
,) ,d;bkhHp <) bfhy;fspW [tpil: <) bfhy;fspW]
7. fhyk; fue;j bgabur;rk;
m) tpidj;bjhif M) gz;g[j;bjhif
,) ctikj;bjhif <) ck;ikj;bjhif [tpil: m) tpidj;bjhif]
8. ntw;Wika[Ug[ my;yhjJ
m) I/ xL M) F/ ,d;
,) Mfpa/ Md <) mJ/ fz; [tpil: ,) Mfpa/ Md]
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9. bghUe;jhj ,iziaf; fz;lwpf

m) tpidj;bjhif ? nju;g;ghfd;
M) gz;g[j;bjhif ? ,d;bkhHp
,) ck;ikj;bjhif ? jha; nra;
<) md;bkhHpj;bjhif ? rptg;g[r;rl;il ngrpdhu;
[tpil: m) tpidj;bjhif ? nju;g;ghfd;]
10. `kyu; nghd;w if~ ,jpy; `kyu;~ vd;gJ _____ `nghd;w~ vd;gJ _____ ìf~ vd;gJ _____
m) ctk cUg[ ? ctik ? ctnkak;
M) ctik ? ctk cUg[ ? ctnkak;
,) ctnkak; ? ctik ? ctk cUg[
<) ,tw;Ws; VJkpy;iy [tpil: M) ctik ? ctk cUg[ ? ctnkak;]
11. rpwg;g[g; bgau;/ bghJg;bgau; Mfpad tUk; bjhifr;brhy;

m) gz;g[j;bjhif
et
M) tpidj;bjhif
,) ,Ubgabuhl;Lg; gz;g[j;bjhif
<) ck;ikj;bjhif [tpil: ,) ,Ubgabuhl;Lg; gz;g[j;bjhif]
.N
12. khu;fHpj; jp=;fs;/ rhiug;ghk;g[ Mfpa brhw;fspy; ,lk;bgWk; bghJg;bgau;fs; vit>
m) khu;fHp/ rhiu M) jp=;fs;/ ghk;g[
,) khu;fHp/ ghk;g[ <) jp=;fs;/ rhiu [tpil: M) jp=;fs;/ ghk;g][
ar
13. `br=;fhe;js;~ ? ,g;gz;g[j;bjhifr; brhy;ypy; kiwe;J tUk; cUg[
m) Md M) Mfpa
riy
,) nghd;w <) I [tpil: M) Mfpa]
14. `,d;bkhHp~ ? ,g;gz;g[j;bjhifr; brhy;ypy; kiwe;J tUk; cUg[

m) Md M) Mfpa
,ay; 2
,) nghd;w <) ,d; [tpil: m) Md]
si
15. `kJiu brd;whs;~ ? ,t;ntw;Wikj;bjhifr; brhy;ypy; ,lk;bgWk; ntw;Wik cUg[

m) F M) fz;
A
,) My; <) mJ [tpil: m) F]
16. fUk;g[ jpd;whd; ? ,j;bjhlu; _______ ntw;Wikj;bjhlu;.

m) ,uz;lhk; M) @d;whk;
,) ehd;fhk; <) Mwhk; [tpil: m) ,uz;lhk;]
17. ehd;fhk; ntw;Wik cUg[k; gaDk; cld; bjhf;f bjhiff;fhd brhy;
m) nju;g;ghfd; M) jkpH;j;bjhz;L
,) fUk;g[ jpd;whd; <) kJiu brd;whu; [tpil: M) jkpH;j;bjhz;L]

i) tPR bjd;wy; ? 1. ck;ikj; bjhif
ii) br=;fhe;js; ? 2. ctikj;bjhif
iii) kyu;f;if ? 3. gz;g[j;bjhif
iv) jha;nra; ? 4. tpidj;bjhif
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m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 M) 3/ 4/ 1/ 2
,) 4/ 2/ 1/ 3 <) 2/ 3/ 4/ 1 [tpil: m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1]
19. ,Ubgabuhl;Lg; gz;g[j;bjhiff;fhd brhy;
m) kyu;f;if M) mz;zd; jk;gp
,) khu;fHpj;jp=;fs; <) nju;g;ghfd; [tpil: ,) khu;fHpj;jp=;fs;]
20. bghUj;Jf.
i) ,d;bkhHp – 1. ctikj;bjhif
ii) jha;nra; – 2. tpidj;bjhif
iii) Kj;Jg;gy; – 3. ck;ikj; bjhif
iv) tUg[dy; – 4. gz;g[j;bjhif
m) 1/ 2/ 3/ 4 M) 3/ 4/ 2/ 1
,) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 <) 4/ 3/ 1/ 2 [tpil: <) 4/ 3/ 1/ 2]
21. rptg;g[r;rl;il ngrpdhu; ? mof;nfhol;l brhy;Yf;fhd bjhifapd; tif vJ>
et
m) gz;g[j;bjhif M) ctikj;bjhif
,) md;bkhHpj;bjhif <) ck;ikj;bjhif [tpil: m) gz;g[j;bjhif]
.N
FWtpdh
1. brhw;bwhlu; vd;why; vd;d> v.fh. jUf.
brhw;fs; gy bjhlu;e;J epd;W bghUs; jUk;.
ar

,J bjhlu; my;yJ brhw;bwhlu; vdg;gLk;.

v.fh: ePu; gUfpdhd;.

2. bjhifepiyj; bjhlu; vd;why; vd;d>
riy
bgau;r; brhy;Yk; tpidr;brhy;Yk; nrUk; bjhlu;.

,ilapy; ntw;Wik cUg[fnsh/ tpid gz;g[ Kjypatw;wpd; cUg[fnsh kiwe;J tUk;.

,ay; 2
,uz;L my;yJ mjw;F nkw;gl;l brhw;fs; xU brhy; nghy; epw;Fk;.

si
v.fh: fUk;g[ jpd;whd;.

3. bjhifepiyj; bjhlu; vj;jid tifg;gLk;> mit ahit>
bjhifepiyj; bjhlu; MW tifg;gLk;. mit:
A
ntw;Wikj;bjhif

tpidj;bjhif

gz;g[j;bjhif

ctikj;bjhif

ck;ikj;bjhif

md;bkhHpj;bjhif

4. ntw;Wik cUg[fs; vj;jid> mit ahit>

ntw;Wik cUg[fs; MW. mit: I/ My;/ F/ ,d;/ mJ/ fz;.
5. ntw;Wikj;bjhif vd;why; vd;d> v.fh jUf.
xU bjhlupy; ntw;Wik cUg[fspy; VnjDk; xd;W kiwe;J te;J bghUs; jUk;.
v.fh: kJiu brd;whu; ? kJiuf;Fr; brd;whu;.
6. cUg[k; gaDk; cld;bjhf;fj; bjhif vd;why; vd;d> v.fh. jUf.
xU bjhlupy; ntw;Wik cUg[k; mjd; bghUis tpsf;Fk; gaDk; nru;e;J kiwe;J tUk;.
v.fh: nju;g;ghfd;.
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njiu Xl;Lk; ghfd;. I ? cUg[" Xl;Lk; ? gad;.

,Jt[k; ntw;Wikj; bjhifna.
7. gz;g[j;bjhifiar; rhd;Wld; tpsf;Ff.
mst[/ epwk;/ totk;/ Rit Mfpatw;iw czu;j;Jk;.

gz;g[g;bgaUf;Fk; mJ jGtp epw;Fk; bgau;r;brhy;Yf;Fk;. ,ilapy; ìk~ vd;Dk; gz;g[

tpFjp kiwe;J tUk;.

Mfpa/ Md vd;Dk; gz;g[ cUg[fs; kiwe;J tUk;.

v.fh: br=;fhe;js;/ tl;lj;bjhl;o.

8. ,Ubgabuhl;Lg; gz;g[j;bjhif vd;why; vd;d> rhd;W jUf.
rpwg;g[g; bgau; Kd;Dk; bghJg; bgau; gpd;Dkhf tUk;.

,ilapy; Mfpa vd;Dk; gz;g[ cUg[ bjhf;fp tUk;.

v.fh: khu;fHpj; jp=;fs;.

9. ctikj;bjhif vd;why; vd;d> vLj;Jf;fhl;L je;J tpsf;Ff.
et
ctikf;Fk; ctnkaj;jpw;Fk; ,ilapy; ctk cUg[ kiwe;J tUk;.
v.fh: kyu;f;if. ctik ? kyu;/ ctnkak; ? if/ ctk cUg[ ? nghd;w.
.N
kyu; nghd;w if vdg; bghUs; gLk;.
10. ck;ikj;bjhif vd;why; vd;d> rhd;W je;J tpsf;Ff.
,Ubrhw;fSf;F ,ilapYk; ,WjpapYk; `ck;~ vd;Dk; ,ilr;brhy; kiwe;J tUk;.
ar
v.fh: jha;nra;/ mz;zd; jk;gp.
jha[k; nra[k;/ mz;zDk; jk;gpa[k; vd tpupe;J bghUis czu;j;Jfpd;wd.
11. md;bkhHpj;bjhif vd;why; vd;d>
riy
ntw;Wik/ tpid/ gz;g[/ ctik/ ck;ik Mfpa bjhif epiyj; bjhlu;fspy; my;yhj ntW
brhw;fs; kiwe;J epd;W bghUs; jUk;.
,ay; 2
v.fh: KWf;F kPir te;jhu;.
si
KWf;F kPiria cilatu; te;jhu; vdj; bjhif epiyj;bjhlu; my;yhj ntW brhy;
kiwe;J epd;W bghUs; jUfpwJ.
12. ck;ikj;bjhif vj;jid mst[g; bgau;fisj; bjhlu;e;J tUk;> mit ahit>
A
ck;ikj;bjhif ehd;F mst[g; bgau;fisj; bjhlu;e;J tUk;. mit:

vz;zy;

ePl;ly;

vLj;jy;
 Kfj;jy;
13. ,ilr;brhy; kiwe;J tUk; bjhifr; brhw;fs; vit>
ntw;Wikj; bjhif

,Ubgabuhl;Lg; gz;g[j;bjhif

tpidj;bjhif

ctikj;bjhif

gz;g[j;bjhif

md;bkhHpj;bjhif

14. tpidj;bjhifiar; rhd;Wld; tpsf;Ff.

fhyk; fue;j bgabur;rk;. fhyk; fhl;Lk;. ,ilepiya[k; bgabur;r tpFjpa[k; kiwe;J epw;Fk;.
tpidg;gFjpiaj; bjhlu;e;J xU bgau; te;J xU brhy;iyg; nghy; elf;Fk;.
v.fh: tPR bjd;wy; vd;gJ/ tPrpa bjd;wy;/ tPRfpd;w bjd;wy;/ tPRk; bjd;wy; vd Kf;fhyj;jpw;Fk;

bghUe;Jk;.
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tz;zkpl;l bjhifepiyj; bjhlu;fis tifg;gLj;Jf.

1. md;g[r;bry;td; jpwd;ngrpapd; bjhLjpiuapy; goj;Jf;bfhz;oUe;jhu;.
md;g[r;bry;td; – ,Ubgabuhl;Lg; gz;g[j;bjhif
bjhLjpiu – tpidj;bjhif
2. midtUf;Fk; nkhu;g;ghidiaj; jpwe;J nkhu; bfhLf;ft[k;.

nkhu;g; ghid –
,uz;lhk; ntw;Wik cUg[k; gaDk; cld; bjhf;fj; bjhif
nkhu; bfhLf;ft[k; – ,uz;lhk; ntw;Wikj; bjhif

3. btz;ilf;fha;g; bghupay; nkhu;f;FHk;g[f;Fg; bghUj;jkhf ,Uf;Fk;.

btz;ilf;fha;g; – ,Ubgabuhl;Lg; gz;g[j;bjhif
nkhu;f;FHk;g[ – @d;whk; ntw;Wik cUg[k; gaDk; cld; bjhf;fj; bjhif
et
4. j=;f kPd;fs; jz;zPu;j; bjhl;oapy; tpisahLfpd;wd.
j=;fkPd;fs; – ctikj;bjhif
jz;zPu;j; bjhl;oapy; – ,uz;lhk; ntw;Wik cUg[k; gaDk; cld; bjhf;fj; bjhif
bkhHpia Ms;nthk;
.N gf;fk;: 45
ar
jkpHpy; bkhHpbgau;j;Jj; jiyg;gpLf.
The Golden sun gets up early in the morning and starts its bright rays to fade away the dark. The milky
clouds start their wandering. The colourful birds start twitting their morning melodies in percussion. The
riy
cute butterflies dance around the flowers. The flower’s fragrance fills the breeze. The breeze gently blows
everywhere and makes everything pleasant.
,aw;if
,ay; 2
bghd;dhd fjputd; ehs;njhWk; fhiyapy; vGe;J mjd; xspf;fjpu;fis tPrp/ ,Uis

si
kiwar; bra;a[k;/ ghy; nghd;w nkf=;fs; Rw;w Muk;gpj;JtpLk;. tz;zg; gwitfs; ,jkhd
NH;epiyiaj; jd; ,wFfis mog;gjd; @yk; cUthf;Fk;. mHfhd tz;zj;Jg; g{r;rp
kyu;fisr; Rw;wp MLk;. g{f;fspd; eWkzk; bjd;wy; fhw;iw epug;g[k;. me;jf; fhw;W midj;J
A
,l=;fspYk; gutp xU g[j;Jzu;thd NH;epiyia cUthf;Fk;.
brhw;fspy; kiwe;Js;s bjhiffis milahsk; fz;L bjhlupy; mikf;f.

,d;brhy;/ vGfjpu;/ fPupghk;g[/ g{=;FHy; te;jhs;/ kiy thH;thu;/ Kj;Jg;gy;
v.fh: ,d;brhy; ? gz;g[j;bjhif
,dpikahd brhy; TWjy; rhd;nwhu;f;F mHF.
1. vGfjpu; ? tpidj;bjhif
kdpj thH;f;if vGfjpu; nghd;wJ.
2. fPupghk;g[ ? ck;ikj;bjhif
fyht[k; khyht[k; fPupa[k; ghk;g[k; nghy vg;bghGJk; gifiknahL thH;fpd;wdu;.
3. g{=;FHy; te;jhs; ? md;bkhHpj;bjhif
g{ nghd;w Te;jiya[ila (FHy;) bgz; te;jhs;
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4. kiy thH;thu; ? VHhk; ntw;Wikj; bjhif

Fwp+;rp epy kf;fs; kiyapd; fz; thH;thu;.
5. Kj;Jg;gy; ? ctikj;bjhif
khyhtpd; Kj;Jg;gy; nkYk; mtSf;F mHF nru;f;fpwJ.
bra;jpfisg; goj;J tpdhf;fSf;F tpil vGJf.

g{f;fisg; gw;wpa mupa ,yf;fpar; bra;jpfs;
g{ cz;L/ Mdhy; fz;zpw;Ff; fhl;rp juhky; fhz;gjw;F mupadtha; ,Uf;Fk; kyu;fs;/
My kyu;" gyh kyu;.
kyu; cz;L" bgaUk; cz;L" Mdhy; ,Jjhd; mJ vd;W cWjpahf mwpa ,ayhJs;s
epiyapy; ,Uf;Fk; kyu;fs; : Rs;sp kyu;/ gh=;fu; kyu;.
mftpjH; Kjypa cWg;g[fs; ,Ue;J mit g[wj;nj fhl;rpg;glhky; cs;nsna
bghjpe;jpUf;Fk; kyu;fs; : mj;jp/ Myk;/ bfhHp+;rp/ gyh.
et
gad;ghL/ ehw;wk;/ kf;fsJ tpUg;gpy; ,lk; bgwhik/ bghJtpy; xJf;fg;gl;lik bfhz;L
kyupy; rpy vspait Mfpd;wd. mitahtd : beU+;rp/ vUf;F/ g{is/ FhP,g; g{is/ ntis/
Ckj;jk;/ fs;sp/ KU=;if.
.N
,Yg;igg; g{f;fs; ,dpg;ghdit. fuofs; kuj;jpd; kPnjwp mtw;iwg; gwpj;J cz;Qk;.
ghjpupg; g{ FoePUf;Fj; jd; kzj;ij Vw;Wk;. @=;fpy; g{tpy; fha; njhd;wpf; fdpahfp mjpypUe;J
xUtif muprp njhd;Wk;. ,J @=;fpy; muprp vdg;gLk;.
ar
? nfhit. ,s+;nrud;.
1. kyu; cz;L;" bgaUk; cz;L ? ,uz;L bjhlu;fisa[k; xU bjhluhf;Ff.
riy
kyUf;Fg; bgau; cz;L.

2. mUk;ghfp bkhl;lhfpg; g{thfp.... vd;gij xj;J mike;Js;s bjhliuf; fz;lwpf.
mftpjH; Kjypa cWg;g[fs; ,Ue;J mit g[wj;nj fhl;rpg;glhky; cs;nsna bghjpe;jpUf;Fk;
,ay; 2

kyu;fs;.
si
3. eP=;fs; mwpe;j ,U g{f;fspd; bgau;fisa[k; mjd; gad;fisa[k; vGJf.

KU=;ifg;g{:

A
,g;g{itf; frhak; bra;J thuk; ,UKiw Fof;ft[k;. Foj;Jtu ePuHpt[ neha;/ euk;g[j;jsu;r;rp
neha; eP=;Fk;. epidt[ Mw;wy; bgUFk;.
vUf;fk; g{

vUf;fk; g{itf; fha itj;J bgho bra;J g[z;fspy; g{r tpiutpy; FzkhFk;. fhy; tPf;fk;
Fiwa ,g;g{it vz;bzapy; tjf;fpf; fl;l tPf;fk; eP=;Fk;.
4. mupa kyu; ? ,yf;fzf; Fwpg;g[j; jUf.
Fwpg;g[g; bgabur;rk;.
5. bjhlupy; bghUe;jhg; bghUs; jUk; ka=;bfhyp vGj;Jfisj; jpUj;Jf.
,Yg;igg; g{f;fs; ,dpg;ghdit. fuofs; kwj;jpd; kPnjwp mtw;iwg; gupj;J cz;Qk;. ghjpupg;
g{ FoePUf;Fj; jd; kdj;ij Vw;Wk;.
,Yg;igg; g{f;fs; ,dpg;ghdit/ fuofs; kuj;jpd; kPnjwp mtw;iwg; gwpj;J cz;Qk;.
ghjpupg;g{ FoePUf;Fj; jd; kzj;ij Vw;Wk;.
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thH;j;Jkly; vGJf.
khepy mstpy; eilbgw;w ``kuk; ,aw;ifapd; tuk;~~ vDk; jiyg;gpyhd fl;Liug; nghl;oapy;
btw;wp bgw;W Kjy; gupR bgw;w njhHid thH;j;jp kly; vGJf.
jpUbey;ntyp/
12?03?2020.
md;g[s;s ez;gd; muRf;F/
cd; capu; ez;gd; vGJtJ. eyk; eykwpa Mty;/
new;iwa ehspjHpy; `kuk; ,aw;ifapd; tuk;~ vd;w jiyg;gpy; khepy mstpy; eilbgw;w
fl;Liug; nghl;oapy; g=;Fbfhz;L Kjy; gupR bgw;wijf; fz;L kfpH;r;rpf; flypy;
@H;fpndhk;. ehspjHpYk; mf;fl;Liu btspte;jpUe;jJ. mjidg; goj;Jg; ghu;j;njhk;.
kuk;jhd; kuk;jhd;
kdpjd; kwe;jhd; kuj;ij
vd;W eP vGjpa brhw;fs; tpHpg;gilar; bra;Jtpl;lJ. eh=;fSk; v=;fs; gFjpapy; ku=;fis
et
el;L ,aw;if tsj;ijg; ghJfhf;Fk; bray;fspy; <Lgl Muk;gpj;J tpl;nlhk;.
ePa[k; ,Jnghd;w gy;ntW nghl;ofspy; g=;Fbfhz;L cyfshtpa rhjidfisg; bgw;W
.N
tPl;Lf;Fk; ehl;Lf;Fk; bgUikj; njoj;ju kdjhu cd;id thH;j;Jfpnwd;.
,g;gof;F/
cd; capu; ez;gd;/
ar
f. jkpH;kzp.
ciwnky; Kftup:
riy
bgWeu;
r. muR/
103/ bre;jkpH;efu;/
,ay; 2
<nuhL ? 638 002.

si
ghujpapd; trdeil ? rpl;Lf;FUtp

rpwpajhdpak; nghd;w @f;F" rpd;df;fz;fs;" rpd;dj;jiy" bts;isf; fGj;J" mHfpa
A
k=;fy btz;ik epwKila gl;Lg;nghu;j;j tapW" fUika[k; btz;ika[k; fye;j rhk;gy;

epwj;jhyhfpa gl;Lg;nghu;j;j KJF" rpwpa njhif" Jspj;Jspf; fhy;fs;" ,j;jida[k; nru;j;J xU
gr;irf; FHe;ijapd; ifg;gpoapny gpoj;J tplyhk;. ,t;tpjkhd cliyr; Rke;J bfhz;L
vd; tPl;ony ,uz;L capu;fs; thH;fpd;wd. mtw;wpy; xd;W Mz; kw;bwhd;W bgz;.
,J nghd;W c=;fSf;Fg; gpoj;j VnjDk; xd;iwg; gw;wp trdeilapy; vGJf.
kapy;
cWjp kpf;f @f;F" tpijbahj;j fz;fs;" rpd;dj;jiy" fUk;gr;ir kw;Wk; fUePy
epwKila gl;Lg;nghu;j;j tapW" fUik/ rhk;gy; kw;Wk; bre;epwk; fye;j gl;Lg;nghu;j;j KJF"
ePz;l mHfpa gy tz;zj;jhyhd njhif" gd=;fpH=;ifbahj;j fhy;fs;" ,j;jida[k; nru;j;J
xUtu; ifapny gpog;gJ kpft[k; mupJ. ,t;tpjkhd cliyr; Rke;J bfhz;L vd; tPl;Lj;
njhl;lj;jpw;F ,uz;L/ capu;fs; te;J nghfpd;wd. mtw;wpy; xd;W Mz; kapy; kw;bwhd;W
bgz; kapy;.
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bkhHpnahL tpisahL gf;fk;: 47
brhy;iyf; fz;Lgpoj;Jg; g[jpiu tpLtpf;f.

1. Kjy; ,uz;il ePf;fpdhYk; thrid jUk;" ePf;fhtpl;lhYk; thrid jUk;.
eWkzk;
2. gHikf;F vjpuhdJ ? vGJnfhypy; gad;gLk;.
g[Jik
3. ,Uf;Fk;nghJ cUtkpy;iy ? ,y;yhky; capupdk; ,y;iy.
fhw;W
4. ehbyGj;jpy; fz; rpkpl;Lk; ? filapuz;oy; ePe;jpr; bry;Yk;.
tpz;kPd;
5. XbuGj;jpy; nrhiy ? ,uz;blGj;jpy; tdk;.
fhL
et

eakpF bjhlu;fisg; goj;J Vw;w jiyg;g[fis vLj;bjGJf.

1. bfhSj;Jk; btapy; rl;bldj; jzpe;jJ. thdk; ,Uz;lJ. thilf; fhw;W tPrpaJ.
.N
fhw;wpd; ghly;
2. g[tp rpypu;j;J/ kz;zpypUe;J rpd;d+;rpW bkhl;L KfpH;j;jJ" mr;broia tuntw;Fk; tpjkhfg;
gf;fj;Jr; brofs; jiyahl;o kfpH;fpd;wd.
ar
bkhl;od; tUif.
3. nrhiyf;Fs; rj;jkpy;yhky; tPrpaJ bjd;wy;" g{f;fs; mjd; tUifia czu;e;J eWkzj;Jld;
tuntw;fpd;wd. g{thrk; fye;j bjd;wypy; tz;Lfs; kpje;J brd;W kyu;fspy; mku;fpd;wd.
riy
kpjf;Fk; thrk;.
4.
,utpd; ,Usikjpapy; ,iur;ryha;r; rpy Rtu;f;nfhHpfs;. twz;l thdj;jpd; ,Uz;l
g[Gf;fk;" kiHf;F V=;Fk; g[tp btg;gg; bgU@r;R tpLk;" frfrj;j capupd=;fs;.
,ay; 2
si
capu;g;gpd; Vf;fk;.
5. epd;Wtpl;l kiH jUk; Fspu;" brhl;Lr; brhl;lhf tpspk;g[fspypUe;Jk; ku=;fspypUe;Jk; tpGk;
kiHePu;gl;Lr; rpypu;f;Fk; capupdk;.
A
ePupd; rpypu;g;g[.
6.
Fapy;fspd; Ttypir. g[s;spd=;fspd; nka;r;rYk; gha;r;rYk;. ,iyfspd; mirt[fs;/
Niwf;fhw;wpd; Mnyhyk;.
tdj;jpd; eldk;/ kpjf;Fk; thrk;/ fhw;wpd; ghly;/ bkhl;od; tUif/ capu;g;gpd; Vf;fk;/ ePupd;
rpypu;g;g[.
mfuhjpapy; fhz;f.
mfd;Rlu;/ Mu;fyp/ fl;g[s;/ bfhLtha;/ jpUtpy;
mfd;Rlu; – (mfy; vd;gjd; jpupg[) mfy;Rlu;/ mfd;w Rlu;.

Mu;fyp – fly;/ kiH/ bts;sk;/ ngbuhyp/ Muthuk;.

fl;g[s;
– Xu; g[ytd;.
bfhLtha; – xU kpUfk;/ gHpr;brhy;/ g[yp/ Fwis/ tise;j tha;.
jpUtpy; – ,e;jputpy;.

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fhl;rpiaf; fz;L ftpDw vGJf.

V- khdplh......... V- khdplh
vd;id (kuj;ij) mHpj;jha;
vdf;Fk; xU fhyk; tUk;
gs;spf;FHe;ijfs;
g[j;jfg;ig Rkg;gJ nghy
capu;tspf;fhf
vd;ida[k; eP Rkg;gha;.......
capu;thH;tjw;F.
epw;f mjw;Fj; jf gf;fk;: 48
thbdhyp mwptpg;g[
$y; g[ay; brd;idf;Fj; bjd;fpHf;nf 150 fp.kP bjhiytpy; ikak; bfhz;Ls;sJ. ,d;W
et
,ut[ brd;idf;Fk; bey;Y}Uf;Fk; ,ilna fiuiaf; flf;Fk; vd;W brd;id thdpiy
Ma;t[ ikak; bjuptpj;Js;sJ.
.N
g[aypd;nghJ
g[aypd;nghJ btspna bry;y btspnaw neu;e;jhy; Muk;gfl;l
ntz;lhk;. vr;rupf;ifapd;nghnj btspnawt[k;.
ar
bjhiyngrp/ kpd;rhjd=;fs; gad; khoapy; ,Ug;gijj; jtpu;j;Jj; jsg; gFjpapnyna
gLj;Jtijj; jtpu;f;ft[k;. j=;ft[k;.
thbdhyp mwptpg;igf; nfl;Lg; fhw;W mog;gJ epd;whYk; vjpu;jpirapypUe;J kWgo
riy
gpd;gw;wt[k;. ntfkhf tPr Muk;gpf;Fk;/ vdnt/ fhw;wog;gJ

Koe;Jtpl;ljhf epidf;f ntz;lhk;.
,ay; 2
kPdtu;fs; flYf;Fr; bry;tijj; thfdj;ij Xl;l neu;e;jhy; flw;fiug; gFjpfSf;Fj;

jtpu;f;ft[k;. bjhiytpYk;/ ku=;fs; kpd;fk;gpg; ghijfs;/ ePu;
si
tHpfs; Mfpatw;wpypUe;J tpyfpa[k; thfdj;jpd;

cs;nsna j=;fpapUf;ft[k;.
A
nkw;fz;l mwptpg;igf; nfl;l eP=;fs;/ c=;fisa[k; c=;fs; FLk;gj;jhiua[k; fhg;ghw;Wk;

tifapy; bra;a[k; bray;fis tupirg;gLj;jp vGJf.

g[aypd; nghJ btspna bry;y khl;nlhk;.

bjhiyngrp kpd;rhjd=;fs; gad;gLj;Jtijj; jtpu;g;nghk;.

khoapy; ,Ug;gijj; jtpu;j;Jj; jsg; gFjpapnyna FLk;gj;jpdnuhL j=;Fntd;.

fhw;wog;gJ epd;whYk; thbdhyp mwptpg;igf; nfl;L mjw;nfw;g bray;gLnthk;.
fiyr;brhy; mwpnthk;
Storm

? g[ay; Tornado ? Nwhtsp
Tempest ? bgU=;fhw;W

Land Breeze ? epyf;fhw;W
Sea Breeze ? flw;fhw;W

Whirlwind ? RHy;fhw;W

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,ay; gz;ghL ciueil cyfk;
tpUe;J nghw;WJk;
3
ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs;
gyt[s; bjupf
1. gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; Kiwahd bjhlu;.

m) jkpHu; gz;ghl;oy; jdpj;j thiH ,iyf;F ,lKz;L.
M) jkpHu; thiH ,iyf;Fg; gz;ghl;oy; jdpj;j ,lKz;L.
et
,) jkpHu; gz;ghl;oy; thiH ,iyf;Fj; jdpj;j ,lKz;L.
<) jkpHu; thiH gz;ghl;oy; jdpj;j ,iyf;F ,lKz;L.
[tpil: ,) jkpHu; gz;ghl;oy; thiH ,iyf;Fj; jdpj;j ,lKz;L.]
.N
2.
tpUe;jpdiug; ngQtjw;Fg; bghUs; njitg;gl;ljhy;/ jd; fU=;nfhl;Lr; rPwpahiHg;
gizak; itj;J tpUe;jspj;jhd; vd;fpwJ g[wehD}W. ,r;bra;jp czu;j;Jk; tpUe;J nghw;wpa
epiy.
ar
m) epyj;jpw;nfw;w tpUe;J M) ,d;ikapYk; tpUe;J
,) my;ypYk; tpUe;J <) cw;whupd; tpUe;J [tpil: M) ,d;ikapYk; tpUe;J]
FWtpdh
riy
1. `jhdpak; VJk; ,y;yhj epiyapy; tpijf;fhf itj;jpUe;j jpidia cuypy; ,l;Lf; Fw;wpbaLj;J
,ay; 3
tpUe;jpdUf;F tpUe;jspj;jhs; jiytp~ vd;gJ ,yf;fpar; bra;jp. tpUe;njhk;gYf;Fr; bry;tk;
si
kl;Lnk ,d;wpaikahj xd;wh> c=;fs; fUj;ijf; Fwpg;gpLf.

tpUe;njhk;gYf;Fr; bry;tk; kl;Lnk ,d;wpaikahj xd;whff; fUjKoahJ.

Vbdd;why;/ ,dpa brhw;fSk;/ ey;y cgrupg;g[k; ,y;yhky; bry;tj;jhy; bra;a[k;

A
tpUe;njhk;giy ahUk; Vw;fkhl;lhu;fs;. vdnt/ bry;tj;ijtpl tpUe;njhk;gYf;F ,dpar;

brhw;fSk; ey;y cgrupg;g[k;/ kdKk; ,Ue;jhy; nghJk; vd;gJ vd; fUj;jhFk;.
rpWtpdh

1.  g[jpjhf
tUnthu; ,utpy; j=;Ftjw;F tPl;od; Kd;g[wk; jpz;iza[k; mjpy; jiy itf;fj;
jpz;Lk; mikj;jdu;.

jpUtpHhf; fhy=;fspy; CUf;F tUk; g[jpatu;fisa[k; miHj;J md;nghL tpUe;jspg;gijr;

rpy ,l=;fspy; fhz KofpwJ.
,g;goahff; fhykhw;wk;/ jkpHu; tpUe;njhk;gypy; Vw;gLj;jpa khw;w=;fs; Fwpj;j fUj;Jfis

vGJf.
md;iwa fhyj;jpy; tHpg;nghf;fu;fns tpUe;jpduhfg; nghw;wg;gl;ldu;.

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fhykhw;wj;jhy; ehfupfk; vd;Dk; bgauhy;/ tHpg;nghf;fu;fSf;F tpUe;jspg;gJ kiwe;J/

ez;gu;fSf;Fk; cwtpdu;fSf;Fk; kl;Lnk tpUe;jspf;Fk; epiyiaj;jhd; ,d;W

fhzKofpd;wJ.

tHpg;nghf;fu;fSf;Fk;/ ViHfSf;Fk; nfhtpy; kw;Wk; md;drj;jpu=;fs; tpUe;jpl;L
tUfpd;wd.

tpUe;jpdu; vd;W brhy;yp fatu;fs; ,d;W kf;fis Vkhw;Wtjhy; g[jpatu;fis
tpUe;jpdu;fshfg; nghw;wg;gLtJ ,y;iy.
,d;iwa rKjhaj;jpy; jd;dyk; nknyh=;fpajhy; tpUe;bjd;Dk; bghJeyk; Fiwe;J

tUfpd;wJ.
beLtpdh

1. c=;fs; ,y;yj;Jf;F te;j cwtpdUf;F eP=;fs; bra;j tpUe;njhk;giy mHFw tptupj;J vGJf.
Fwpg;g[r; rl;lk;
et
Kd;Diu
,dpJ tuntw;wy;
.N
czt[ cgrupg;g[
md;g[ btspg;ghL
Kot[iu
ar
Kd;Diu :
``bry;tpUe; njhk;gp tUtpUe;J ghu;j;jpUg;ghd;

ey;tpUe;J thdj; jtu;f;F~~
riy
vd;w Fwl;gh te;j tpUe;jpdiug; ngzpg; nghw;wp/ ,dp tUk; tpUe;jpdiu vjpu;ghu;j;J
,Ug;gtid thdtu;fs; nghw;Wk; rpwg;g[ tpUe;jpddhthd; vd;fpd;wJ. te;j tpUe;ija[k;
,ay; 3
tUk; tpUe;ija[k; rpwg;g[ld; bra;tJ ,y;yj;jhu; flikahFk;.

si
,dpJ tuntw;wy; :
tPl;ow;F te;j cwtpdu;fsplk; thU=;fs;/ mkU=;fs;/ eykh> ePu; mUe;J=;fs;/ FLk;gj;jpdu;
A
midtUk; eykh> vd rpy thu;j;ijfisf; Twp Kfkyu;r;rpa[ld; tpUe;jpdiu tuntw;nwd;.

czt[ cgrupg;g[ :
tPl;ow;F te;j tpUe;jpdUf;F mtu;fs; tpUk;g[k; mWRit czitj; jahu; bra;J mtiu

czt[ cz;z tUkhW ,d;Kfj;Jld; miHj;J/ mku itj;njd;.

jiythiH ,iyapy; tpUe;jpdUf;F cztspg;gJ kug[. Mfnt jkpH;g; gz;ghL

kiwahjpUf;f jiythiH ,iyapy; tpUe;jpdUf;F cztpl;nld;.

cz;gtupd; ,lg;gf;fk; thiH ,iyapd; FWfyhd gFjpa[k;/ tyg;gf;fk; tpupe;j gFjpa[k;

tUkhW thiHapiyia tpupj;njd;.

thiH ,iyapd; ,lJ Xuj;jpy; cg;g[/ CWfha;/ ,dpg;g[ Kjyhd mstpy; rpwpa czt[

tiffis itj;njd;. thiH ,iyapd; tyJ Xuj;jpy; fha;fwp/ fPiu/ Tl;L Kjyhd
mstpy; bgupa czt[ tiffisa[k; eLtpy; nrhWk; itj;njd;.
cz;gtu; kdkwpe;J mtu;fs; tpUk;gpr; rhg;gpLk; czt[ tiffis kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk;

gupt[ld; gupkhwpndd;.
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md;g[ btspg;ghL :
xU Ftisapy; ePiuf; bfhz;L te;njd;. mijf; bfhz;L mtu; mUfpy; itf;fg;gl;l

btw;Wg;ghj;jpuj;jpy; mtu; iffGt[khW ePu; Cw;wpndd;.

gpwF iffisj; Jilg;gjw;Fj; Jz;oid mspj;njd;.

czt[ cz;L vGe;jtUf;F xU jl;oy; btw;wpiy/ ghf;F/ Rz;zhk;g[ itj;njd;. mtu;

mij kfpH;t[ld; cz;lhu;.

czt[z;ltuplk; jpUg;jpahf cz;Ou;fsh> vd tprhupj;J/ tPl;oy; cs;s czt[g;

bghUl;fs; rpytw;iwa[k; bfhLj;J tPl;oy; cs;stu;fSf;Ff; bfhLf;FkhW Twp/ VHo

tiu mtUld; brd;W tHpaDg;gpitj;njd;.
Kot[iu
tpUe;jpdu; ngQjy; jkpHu; kug[ MFk;. mjid md;nghLk; mUnshLk; bra;jy;
edprpwg;ghFk;.
TLjy; tpdhf;fs;
et
gyt[s; bjupf
.N
1. tupirg;gLj;jp rupahd tpiliaj; nju;e;bjL.
i) tpUe;nj g[Jik ? 1. bra=;bfhz;lhu;
ii) ,y;ywtpay; ? 2. ,s=;nfhtofs;
ar
iii) rpyg;gjpfhuk; ? 3. bjhy;fhg;gpau;
iv) fyp=;fj;Jg;guzp ? 4. jpUts;Stu;
m) 1/ 2/ 3/ 4 M) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1
riy
,) 4/ 3/ 1/ 2 <) 3/ 4/ 2/ 1 [tpil: <) 3/ 4/ 2/ 1]

2. kpdnrhl;lh jkpH;r;r=;fk; mike;Js;s ,lk; vJ>
,ay; 3
m) mbkupf;fh M) ,y=;if
si
,) bkhuprpa!; <) knyrpah [tpil: m) mbkupf;fh]

3. bjhy;fhg;gpau; tpUe;J vd;gij vd;dbtd;W Twpa[s;shu;>
m) bjhd;ik M) g[Jik
A
,) ,sik <) KJik [tpil: M) g[Jik]
4. ``...........bjhy;nyhu; rpwg;gpd;
tpUe;bjjpu; nfhlYk; ,He;j vd;id~~
? vd;W Fwpg;gpLk; E}y; vJ> ,J ahUila Tw;whf mikfpwJ>
m) fk;guhkhazk;/ rPij M) rpyg;gjpfhuk;/ fz;zfp
,) esbtz;gh/ jkae;jp <) rPtfrpe;jhkzp/ fhe;jUtjj;ij
[tpil: M) rpyg;gjpfhuk;/ fz;zfp]
5. ``bghUe;J bry;tKk; fy;tpa[k; g{j;jyhy;

tUe;jp te;jtu;f;F <jYk; itfYk;
tpUe;Jk; md;wp tpisthd ahitna~~ ? vd;W Fwpg;gpLk; E}y;>
m) fk;guhkhazk; M) bgupag[uhzk;
,) rpyg;gjpfhuk; <) kzpnkfiy [tpil: m) fk;guhkhazk;]
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6. ``my;ypy; MapDk; tpUe;J tupd;

ctf;Fk;~~ vd;W es;sputpYk; cztpLk; FLk;gj; jiytpapd; tpUe;njhk;giyr; rpwg;gpj;Jf;
TWk; E}y;;.
m) FWe;bjhif M) mfehD}W
,) ew;wpiz <) g[wehD}W [tpil: ,) ew;wpiz]
7. `fhypd; VHog; gpd; brd;W~ vd tpUe;jpdiu tHpaDg;g[k; jkpHupd; ,ay;igf; Fwpg;gpLk; E}y;;
m) rpWghzhw;Wg;gil M) bgUk;ghzhw;Wg;gil
,) bghUeuhw;Wg;gil <) Tj;juhw;Wg;gil [tpil: ,) bghUeuhw;Wg;gil]
8. ``tpUe;jpdUk; twpatUk; beU=;fp a[z;z

nkd;nkYk; KfkyUk; nknyhu; nghy~~ ? ,t;tofs; ,lk; bgw;Ws;s E}y;;>
m) fk;guhkhazk; M) fyp=;fj;Jg;guzp
,) Kf;Tlw;gs;S <) bgupag[uhzk; [tpil: M) fyp=;fj;Jg;guzp]
9. ``Fuy; cz=;F tpijj;jpid cuy;tha;g; bga;J
et
rpwpJ g[wg;gl;ld;nwh ,ys;~~ vd;W g[wehD}W fhl;rpg;gLj;Jk; fUj;J>
m) jhdpak; VJk; ,y;yhj epiyapy; tpijf;fhf itj;jpUe;j jpidia cuypy; ,l;Lf;
Fj;jpbaLj;J tpUe;jpdu;f;F cztspj;jhs; jiytp.
.N
M) czt[f;fhf itj;jpUe;j jhdpaj;ij tpijg;gjw;Fj; jiytdplk; je;jhs; jiytp.
,) FHe;ijapd; grpiag; nghf;f tpijf;fhf itj;jpUe;j jpidia cuypy; ,l;Lf;
Fj;jpbaLj;Jr; rikj;Jj; je;jhs; jiytp.
ar
<) ,tw;wpy; vJt[kpy;iy.
[tpil: m)
jhdpak; VJk; ,y;yhj epiyapy; tpijf;fhf itj;jpUe;j jpidia cuypy;
,l;Lf; Fj;jpbaLj;J tpUe;jpdu;f;F cztspj;jhs; jiytp.]
riy
10. jiytd; tpUe;jspf;f mlFk; gizaKk; itj;j bghUl;fs; ahit>

m) giHaths;/ fU=;nfhl;Lr; rPwpahH;
M) g[jpaths;/ beL=;nfhl;Lg; bgupahH;
,ay; 3
,) giHaths;/ beL=;nfhl;Lg; bgupahH;

si
<) g[jpaths;/ fU=;nfhl;Lr; rPwpahH;[tpil: m) giHaths;/ fU=;nfhl;Lr; rPwpahH;]

11. md;W tpijj;Jtpl;L te;j bey;iy mupj;J te;J/ gpd; rikj;Jr; rptdoahUf;F tpUe;J
A
gilj;jtu; ahu;> ,f;fhl;rp ,lk; bgWk; E}y; vJ>

m) rhf;fpaehadhu;/ bgupag[uhzk;
M) ,isahd;Fo khwehadhu;/ bgupag[uhzk;
,) fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahu;/ mw;g[j jpUte;jhjp
<) Re;juu;/ jpUj;bjhz;lj;bjhif
[tpil: M) ,isahd;Fo khwehadhu;/ bgupag[uhzk;]
12.
bea;jy; epyj;jtu; ghzu;fis tuntw;Wf; bfhLj;jitahfr; rpWghzhw;Wg;gil
Fwpg;gpLgit vit>
m) FHy; kPd; fwpa[k; gpwt[k ; M) Muy; kPd; fwpa[k; cg;g[k;
,) cg;g[k; Kj;Jk; <) kPd; fwpa[k; ez;Lk; tpil: m) FHy; kPd; fwpa[k; gpwt[k;]
13. ``,iyia kog;gjw;F Ke;ija
tpdhof;F Kd;ghf
kWf;f kWf;f
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gupkhwg;gl;l TLjy; ,l;ypapy;

ePz;L bfhz;oUe;jJ
gpupa=;fspd; ePs; ruL~~ ? vd;Dk; ftpijf;F cupatu; ahu;>
m) mk;rg;gpupah M) gh.tp$a;
,) rpnefd; <) eh. Kj;Jf;Fkhu; [tpil: m) mk;rg;gpupah]
14. ``gyu;g[F thapy; milg;gf; flt[eu;

tUtPu; csP nuh~~? vd;W Fwpg;gpLk; E}y; vJ>
m) ew;wpiz M) FWe;bjhif
,) gjpw;Wg;gj;J <) gupghly; [tpil: M) FWe;bjhif]
15. ``kUe;nj MapDk; tpUe;njhL cz;~~ vd;W ghoatu; ahu;> E}y; vJ>
m) xsitahu;/ Mj;jpr;No
M) xsitahu;/ bfhd;iwnte;jd;
,) FkuFUguu;/ ePjpbewp tpsf;fk;
et
<) ts;syhu;/ $PtfhUz;a xGf;fk; [tpil: M) xsitahu;/ bfhd;iwnte;jd;]
16. mbkupf;fhtpd; kpdnrhl;lh jkpH;r;r=;fk; Mz;LnjhWk; bfhz;lhLk; tpHh
.N
m) thiHapiy tpUe;J tpHh
M) ,iwr;rp czt[ tpUe;J tpHh
,) ntl;o nriy cLj;Jk; tpHh
ar
<) etjhdpa tpHh [tpil: m) thiHapiy tpUe;J tpHh]
17. jpUf;Fwspy; tpUe;njhk;gy; mjpfhuk; ,lk;bgWk; ,ay;

m) ,y;ywtpay; M) ghaputpay;
riy
,) murpay; <) Jwtwtpay; [tpil: m) ,y;ywtpay;]
18. tpUe;jpdiug; nghw;wpg; ngzy; gHe;jkpHu; kug[ vd;gij czu;j;jpatu;.
,ay; 3
m) jpUts;Stu; M) bjhy;fhg;gpau;
si
,) ,s=;nfhtofs; <) bra=;bfhz;lhu; [tpil: ,) ,s=;nfhtofs;]
19. fy;tpa[k; bry;tKk; bgw;w bgz;fs;/ tpUe;Jk; <ifa[k; bra;tjhff; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;stu;

m) fk;gu; M) bjhy;fhg;gpau;
A
,) ,s=;nfhtofs; <) bra=;bfhz;lhu; [tpil: m) fk;gu;]
20. ,isahd;Fo khwehadhupd; tpUe;jspf;Fk; jpwd; gw;wpf; Fwpg;gpLk; E}y;>

m) bgupag[uhzk; M) ew;wpiz
,) bghUeuhw;Wg; gil <) fk;guhkhazk; [tpil: m) bgupag[uhzk;]
21. bghUj;Jf.
1. tpUe;nj g[Jik ? m) jpUts;Stu;
2. nkhg;gf; FiHa[k; mdpr;rk; ? M) bjhy;fhg;gpau;
3. kUe;nj MapDk; tpUe;bjhL cz; ? ,) ,s=;nfhtofs;
4. tpUe;bjjpu; nfhlYk; ,He;j vd;id ? <) xsitahu;
m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4.,
,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< [tpil: m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4.,]
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22. tpUe;njhk;gy; gw;wpa 17Mk; E}w;whz;Lr; Rtnuhtpak; fhzg;gLkplk; __________

m) rpjk;guk; M) kJiu
,) khky;yg[uk; <) jpUr;rp [tpil: m) rpjk;guk;]
23. tpUe;njhk;giy typa[Wj;j Xu; mjpfhuj;ijna gilj;j g[ytu; __________

m) xsitahu; M) jpUts;Stu;
,) fgpyu; <) fk;gu; [tpil: M) jpUts;Stu;]
24. ``fhypd; VHog; gpd; brd;W~~ ? vd;Dk; bghUeuhw;Wg;gil czu;j;Jk; bra;jp

m) tpUe;jpdupd; fhiyj; bjhl;L tz=;fpdu;
M) tpUe;jpdiu VG mo tiu ele;J brd;W tHpaDg;gpdu;.
,) vGtu; tpUe;jpdupd; gpd; brd;W tHpaDg;gpdu;.
<) VGehs;fs; tpUe;jspj;Jg; gpd; tpUe;jpdiu tHpaDg;g[tu;.
[tpil: M) tpUe;jpdiu VG mo tiu ele;J brd;W tHpaDg;gpdu;.]
25. ``tufuprpr; nrhWk; tGJz=;fha; thl;Lk;
et
KuKbudnt g[spj;j nkhUk;~~ ? vdg; ghoatu;
m) xsitahu; M) bjhy;fhg;gpau;
,) fk;gu; <) jpUts;Stu; [tpil: m) xsitahu;]
FWtpdh
.N
ar
1. tpUe;njhk;gy; vd;why; vd;d>
jk; tPl;ow;F tUk; tpUe;jpdiu Kfkyu;r;rpnahL tuntw;W/ cz;z czt[k; ,lKk;
bfhLj;jy;/ mtu;fsplk; md;g[ ghuhl;Ljy; ,itna tpUe;njhk;gy; vdg;gLk;.
riy
2. cyfk; epiyj;jpUf;fpwjw;fhd fhuz=;fs; vitbad ,sk;bgUtGjp Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shu;>

jdpj;J cz;zhik vd;gJ jkpHupd; tpUe;njhk;gy; gz;gpd; mog;gil.

,ay; 3
mkpH;jnk fpilj;jhYk; jhnk cz;zhJ/ gpwUf;Ff; bfhLf;Fk; ey;nyhu; cs;sjhy; cyfk;

si
epiyj;jpUf;fpwJ.
3. `cztpLk; ey;ypay;g[ FLk;gj; jiytpf;F cz;L~ vd;gijf; Fwpj;J ew;wpiz Fwpg;gpLk;
bra;jp ahJ>
A
tpUe;njhk;gy; vd;gJ bgz;fspd; rpwe;j gz;g[fspy; xd;whff; fUjg;gLfpwJ.

eL ,utpy; tpUe;jpdu; te;jhYk; kfpH;e;J tuntw;W cztpLk; ey;ypay;g[ FLk;gj;

jiytpf;F cz;L.
4. ,d;ikapYk; tpUe;njhk;gy; Fwpj;J g[wehD}W vt;thW fhl;rpg;gLj;JfpwJ>
tPl;ow;F te;jtu;f;F twpa epiyapYk; vt;tHpnaDk; Kad;W tpUe;jspj;J kfpH;e;jdu; ek;

Kd;ndhu;.
jhdpak; VJk; ,y;yhj epiyapy; tpijf;fhf itj;jpUe;j jpidia cuypy; ,l;Lf; Fj;jp

vLj;J tpUe;jpdUf;F cztspj;jhs; jiytp.

5. thisa[k; ahiHa[k; gizak; itj;J tpUe;jspf;fg;gl;l bra;jpiaf; TW.
giHa ths; :
new;W te;j tpUe;jpdiug; ngQtjw;Fg; bghUs; njitg;gl;ljhy; ,Uk;gpdhy; bra;j
giHa this mlF itj;jhd; jiytd;
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rPwpahH; :
,d;Wk; tpUe;jpdu; te;jjhy; jd; fU=;nfhl;Lr; rPwpahiHg; gizak; itj;J tpUe;jspj;jhd;.
6. ,isahd;Fo khwehadhu; rptdoahu;f;F tpUe;jspj;j epfH;it vGJ.
,isahd;Fo khwehadhupd; tPl;ow;F te;j rptdoahu;f;F tpUe;jspf;f mtuplk; jhdpak;
,y;iy. jhdpakpy;yhjjhy; md;W tpijj;Jtpl;L te;j tpij bey;iy mupj;Jr; rikj;J
tpUe;J gilj;jhu;.
7. bea;jy; epyj;jtupd; tpUe;jspg;g[ Fwpj;Jr; rpWghzhw;Wg;gil tHpna bra;jpiaf; TW.
bea;jy; epyj;jtu; ghzu;fis tuntw;Wf; FHy;kPd; fwpa[k; gpwt[k; bfhLj;jdu;.
8. gHe;jkpHu; tpUe;ij vjpu;bfhs;Sk; jd;ikg; gw;wp FWe;bjhif TWk; bra;jp ahJ>
,y;yj;jpd; bgupa thapiy ,utpy; @Ltjw;F Kd;du;/ czt[ cz;z ntz;oatu;fs;
ahnuDk; cs;sPu;fsh> vd;W nfl;Fk; tHf;fk; gHe;jkpHupilna ,Ue;jijf; FWe;bjhif
TWfpwJ.
et
9. ,y;y tpHhf;fs; ahit>
jpUkzj;ij cWjp bra;jy;

gpwe;jehs;
jpUkzk; g[Jkid g[FtpHh
.N

tisfhg;g[

10. kpdnrhl;lh jkpH;r; r=;f `thiHapiy tpUe;J tpHhtpy;~ itf;fg;gLk; czt[fs; ahit>
KU=;iff;fha; rhk;ghu; btz;ilf;fha; Tl;L
ar

nkhu;f;FHk;g[

jpidg;ghahrk;
ntg;gk;g{ urk;

mg;gsk;
riy
11. ahUila Ml;rp fhyj;jpy; kpFjpahd rj;jpu=;fs; fl;lg;gl;ld>

ehaf;fu;/ kuhl;oau;.
12. ``fhypd; VHog; gpd; brd;W~~ ? ,g;ghlyo czu;j;Jk; bra;jp ahJ>
,ay; 3
si
gz;ilaj; jkpHu; tPl;ow;F te;j tpUe;jpdu; jpUk;gpr; bry;Yk; nghJ tHpaDg;g[k; tpjk;.

tHpaDg;g[k; nghJ mtu;fs; bry;y ,Uf;fpd;w ehd;F Fjpiufs; g{l;lg;gl;l nju; tiu VG

mo ele;J brd;W tHpaDg;gpdu;.

A
13. tpUe;J gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;Fk; jkpH;E}y;fs; ahit>

bjhy;fhg;gpak;

g[wehD}W
jpUf;Fws;

ew;wpiz
rpyg;gjpfhuk;

FWe;bjhif
fk;guhkhazk;

bfhd;iwnte;jd;
fyp=;fj;Jg;guzp

14. tpUe;J gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;Fk; r=;f,yf;fpa E}y;fs; vit>

g[wehD}W/ ew;wpiz/ FWe;bjhif.

15.
tpUe;J ngQtjw;fhf vtw;iwbay;yhk; jiytd; gizak; itj;jjhfg; g[wehD}W
TWfpd;wJ>
,Uk;gpdhy; bra;ag;gl;l giHa ths;/ fU=;nfhl;Lr; rPwp ahH;.
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16. tpUe;jpdu; vd;gtu; ahu;> (my;yJ) tpUe;nj g[Jik ? bghUs; tpsf;fk; jUf.
tpUe;jpdu; vd;why; cwtpdu; vd;W ,f;fhyj;jpy; fUJfpd;wdu;. cwtpdu; ntW/ tpUe;jpdu;
ntW. Kd;gpd; mwpahj g[jpatu;fSf;nf tpUe;jpdu; vd;W bgau;. ,jidna bjhy;fhg;gpau;
`tpUe;nj g[Jik~ vd;fpwhu;.
17. tpUe;J kw;Wk; tpUe;njhk;gy; gw;wpf; Fwpg;gpLk; g[ytu;fs; ahtu;>
bjhy;fhg;gpau;

fk;gu;
jpUts;Stu;

bra=;bfhz;lhu;
,s=;nfhtofs;

xsitahu;
18. nkhg;gf; FiHa[k; mdpr;rk; ctik bfhz;L ts;Stu; typa[Wj;Jk; fUj;J ahJ>
Kfk; ntWglhky; Kfkyu;r;rpnahL tpUe;jpdiu tuntw;f ntz;Lk; vd;gjhFk;.
19. ``tpUe;bjjpu; nfhlYk; ,He;j vd;id~~ vd;W fz;zfp tUe;jf; fhuzk; ahJ>
nfhtyidg; gpupe;J thGk; fz;zfp mtidg; gpupe;jij tpl tpUe;jpdiug; nghw;w Koahj
et
epiyia vz;zp tUe;Jfpwhs;.
20. jkpHupd; tpUe;njhk;gy; gz;gpd; mog;gil vJ>
jdpj;J cz;zhik vd;gJ jkpHupd; tpUe;njhk;gy; gz;gpd; mog;gil MFk;.
.N
21. cyfk; epiybgw;wpUf;ff; fhuzk; ahJ>
mkpH;jnk fpilj;jhYk; jhnk cz;zhJ gpwUf;Fk; bfhLj;J kfpH;tu; ey;nyhu;.
ar
mj;jifatu;fshy; jhd; cyfk; ,d;Wk; epiybgw;W ,Uf;fpd;wJ.
22. ``my;ypy; MapDk; tpUe;Jtupd; ctf;Fk;~~ bjhlu; tpsf;fk; jUf.
bjhlu; ,lk;bgWk; E}y; : ew;wpiz
riy
bjhlu; tpsf;fk; : eL ,utpy; tpUe;jpdu; te;jhYk; kfpH;e;J tuntw;W cztpLk;

ew;gz;g[ FLk;gj;jiytpf;F cz;L.
,ay; 3
23. ``gyu;g[F thapy; milg;gf; flt[eu;

si
tUtPu; csPnuh~~ bjhlu; tpsf;fk; jUf.

bjhlu; ,lk;bgWk; E}y; : FWe;bjhif
bjhlu; tpsf;fk; : ,y;yj;jpy; gyUk; EiHa[k; mstpw;F cs;s bgupa thapiy ,utpy;
A
@Ltjw;F Kd;du;/ czt[ cz;z ntz;oatu;fs; ahnuDk;

cs;sduh > vd;W nfl;fpd;wdu;.
rpWtpdh
1. ,d;ikapYk; tpUe;njhk;gy; Fwpj;J ,yf;fpa=;fs; TWk; bra;jpfisf; TW.

tPl;ow;F te;jtUf;F twpa epiyapYk; vt;tHpapnyDk; Kad;W tpUe;jspj;jdu;
gHe;jkpHu; vd;W g[wehD}W TWfpwJ.

jhdpak; VJk; ,y;yhj epiyapy; tpijf;fhf itj;jpUe;j jpidia cuypy; ,l;Lf;
Fj;jpbaLj;J tpUe;jspj;jhs; jiytp. ,d;W te;j tpUe;jpdUf;F tpUe;jspf;f
fU=;nfhl;Lr; rPwpahiHg; gizak; itj;jhd; jiytd;.
,isahd;Fo khwehadhu; jd; tPl;ow;F te;j rptdoahu;f;F tpUe;jspf;f/ md;W tpijj;J

tpl;L te;j bey;iy mupj;J tpUe;J gilj;jijg; bgupag[uhzk; @yk; mwpayhk;.

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2. cw;whnuhL epd;w tpUe;J Fwpj;J vGJf.

r=;f fhyj;jpy; murdhapDk; twpnahuhapDk; tpUe;jpdu;fisg; nghw;wpdu;.

fhy khw;wj;jpdhy; g[jpatu;fis tPl;ow;Fs; miHj;J cztspg;gJ Fiwe;jJ.

tpUe;J g[ug;gJ Fiwe;jjhy; ehaf;fu; kuhj;jpau; fhyj;jpy; kpFjpahd rj;jpu=;fs;
tHpg;nghf;fu;fSf;fhff; fl;lg;gl;ld.
g[jpatu;fis tpUe;jpduha; Vw;gJ Fiwe;J Xust[ bjupe;jtu;fis kl;Lnk tpUe;jpdu;fsha;

Vw;wdu;.
gog;goahf cw;whu;/ cwtpdu;fs;/ ez;gu;fs; Mfpnahiuna tpUe;jpdu;fshfg; nghw;Wk;

epiyf;F khwpdu;.
3. tpUe;njhk;gy; md;Wk; ,d;Wk; vt;thW cs;sJ vd ntWgLj;jpf; fhl;Lf.
md;W ,d;W
jpz;iz : jpz;iz :
g[jpjhf tUnthu; ,utpy; j=;Ftjw;F ,d;W tPl;ow;Fj; jpz;iz itj;Jf;
et
tPl;od; Kd;g[wk; jpz;iza[k; mjpy; jiy fl;LtJkpy;iy; mwpKfk; ,y;yhj
itf;fj; jpz;Lk; mikj;jdu;. g[jpatu;fis tpUe;jpdu;fshf Vw;gJt[k;
,y;y tpHhf;fs; : ,y;iy.
.N
jpUkzj;ij cWjp bra;jy;/ jpUkzk;/ ,y;y tpHhf;fs; :
tisfhg;g[/ gpwe;jehs;/ g[Jkid g[FtpHh ,y;y tpHhf;fs; jw;nghJ jpUkz
Kjypatw;iwj; j=;fs; ,y;yj;jpnyna kz;lgj;jpnyna eilbgWfpwJ.
ar
elj;jp tpUe;jpdu;fSf;F tpUe;jspj;jdu;.
tpUe;njhk;gy; :
tpUe;njhk;gy; :
jpUkzf; Tl=;fspy; eilbgWk; ,y;y
,y;y tpHhf;fspy; mg;gFjp thH; kf;fSk;
riy
tpHhf;fspy; tpUe;jpdiu tuntw;gJ

btspa{u; tpUe;jpdu;fSf;Fj; njitahd Kjy; ge;jpapy; cgrupj;J tHpaDg;g[k;
cjtpfisr; bra;fpd;wdu;. tiu jpUkz Vw;ghl;lhsu;fns bra;a[k;
gz;ghL :
,ay; 3
tpUe;njhk;gy; eilbgWfpwJ.
si
gz;ilj; jkpHu; ,y;y=;fspYk; gz;ghL :

cs;s=;fspYk; tpUe;njhk;gy; gz;ghL
caupa jkpH;g; gz;ghL ,d;iwa
rpwe;jpUe;jJ.
jkpHu;fsplk; nkw;Twpa Kiwapy; cs;sJ.
A
4. kpdnrhl;lh `thiHapiy tpUe;J tpHh~ gw;wp vGJf.

mbkupf;fhtpd; kpdnrhl;lh jkpH;r; r=;fk; `thiHapiy tpUe;J tpHh~it Mz;LnjhWk;

elj;jp tUfpwJ.
jkpHu;fspd; ghuk;gupa czt[fisf; bfhz;L tpUe;J itf;fpd;wdu;.

KU=;iff;fha; rhk;ghu;/ nkhu;f;FHk;g[/ ntg;gk;g{ urk;/ btz;ilf;fha;f; Tl;L/
jpidg;ghahrk;/ mg;gsk; vdr; Ritahfj; jkpHu; tpUe;J bfhLf;fpd;wdu;.
m=;F thGk; jkpHu;fs; gyUk; ,e;j tpUe;jpy; g=;nfw;Wr; rpwg;gpf;fpd;wdu;. bjhlu;e;J gy

gz;ghl;L epfH;t[fisa[k; epfH;j;jp tUfpd;wdu;.

5. thiH ,iy tpUe;J/ `czt[ gupkhWk; Kiw~ Fwpj;J vGJ.
jiythiH ,iyapy; tpUe;jpdUf;F cztspg;gJ ek; kughff; fUjg;gLfpwJ.

cz;gtupd; ,lg;gf;fk; thiHapiyapd; FWfpa gFjpa[k;/ tyg;gf;fk; ,iyapd; tpupe;j

gFjpa[k; tu ntz;Lk;.
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,iyapd; ,lJ Xuj;jpy; cg;g[/ CWfha;/ ,dpg;g[ Kjyhditfisa[k;/ rpwpa czt[
tiffisa[k; itj;jdu;.
,iyapd; tyJ Xuj;jpy; fha;fwp/ fPiu/ Tl;L Kjyhd czt[ tiffis itg;gu;. eLtpy;

nrhW itj;J vLj;Jz;z trjpahfg; gupkhWtu;.

gupt[ld; gupkhw;wk; :
tpUk;gpr; rhg;gpLk; czt[ tiffisg; gupt[ld; gupkhWk; tHf;fj;ij ek; Kd;ndhu;fs;
bra;jdu;.
6. thiH ,iyapy; cz;gjhy; Vw;gLk; ed;ikfs; ahit>

thiH ,iyapy; rhg;gpLtjhy;/ ,seiu tuhky; ePz;l ehl;fs; jiyKo fUg;ghf
,Uf;Fk;.
thiH ,iy xU fpUkpehrpdp. mJ cztpy; cs;s er;Rf;fpUkpfis mHpf;Fk; jd;ik

bfhz;lJ.
thiH ,iyapy; bjhlu;e;J cz;gtu;fSf;F neha; jhf;Ftjpy;iy.

njhy; gsgsg;ghFk;" gpj;jk; jzpf;Fk;.
et

tapw;Wg; g[z; Mw;Wk;" grpiaj; J}z;Lk;.

7. fhykhw;wk;/ jkpHu; tpUe;njhk;gypy; Vw;gLj;jpa khw;w=;fs; Fwpj;j c=;fs; fUj;Jfs; @d;wpid
.N
vGJf.
g[jpajhf tUnthu; ,utpy; j=;Ftjw;F tPl;od; Kd;g[wk; jpz;iza[k; mjpy; jiy itf;fj;

jpz;Lk; mikf;fg;gl;oUe;j epiy ,f;fhyj;jpy; ,y;iy.

ar
mwpKfkpy;yhj g[jpatu;fis tpUe;jpdu;fshf Vw;gJt[k; ,y;iy.

jpUkzk;/ tisfhg;g[ nghd;w ,y;y tpHhf;fs; jpUkzf; Tl=;fSf;F ,lk;bgau;eJ

; tpl;ld.
beLtpdh
riy
1.
tpUe;njhk;gy; gz;ghL gw;wpa bra;jpfisj; bjhFj;J vGJf. (my;yJ) tpUe;J kw;Wk;
tpUe;njhk;gy; gw;wpj; jkpH; ,yf;fpa=;fs; TWk; bra;jpfisj; bjhFj;J vGJf.
,ay; 3
si
Fwpg;g[r; rl;lk;
Kd;Diu
tpUe;J nghw;Wk; jpUf;Fws;
A
jkpHu; kug[ `tpUe;njhk;gy;~

tpUe;jwk;
Kot[iu
Kd;Diu :
tpUe;jpdu; vd;why; cwtpdu; vd;W ,f;fhyj;jpdu; fUJfpd;wdu;. cwtpdu; ntW
tpUe;jpdu; ntW. Kd;gpd; mwpahj g[jpatu;fSf;nf tpUe;jpdu; vd;W bgau;. `tpUe;nj g[Jik~
vd;W bjhy;fhg;gpau; Twpa[s;shu;.
tpUe;J nghw;Wk; jpUf;Fws;:
jpUts;Stu; `tpUe;njhk;gy;~ vd;w xU mjpfhuj;ijna gilj;Js;shu;. ,y;ywk;
g[uptJ tpUe;njhk;gy; bra;a[k; bghUl;nl vd;fpd;whu;. Kfk; ntWglhky; Kfkyu;r;rpnahL
tpUe;jpdiu tuntw;f ntz;Lk; vd;gij `nkhg;gf;FiHa[k; mdpr;rk; ....~ vd;w Fwspy;
Fwpg;gpLfpd;whu;.
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jkpHu; kug[ `tpUe;njhk;gy;~:

nfhtyd; gpupe;jij tpl tpUe;jpdiug; nghw;w Koahj epiyia vz;zp fz;zfp
tUe;Jfpd;whs; vd;gJ @yk; tpUe;J jkpHu; kug[ vd;fpwhu; ,s=;nfhtofs;. fk;gUk;
bra=;bfhz;lhUk; tpUe;ijj; jkpHu; kughfg; nghw;wpdu;.
tpUe;jwk;:
mkpH;jnk fpilj;jhYk; jkpHu; jdpj;J cz;zkhl;lhu; vd;gijg; g[wehD}W
TWfpd;wJ. tpUe;jpdu; eL ,utpy; te;jhYk; ,d;Kfj;Jld; jkpHu; tuntw;gu; vd;fpwJ
ew;wpiz. giHa thSk; ahGk; gizak; itj;J tpUe;J nghw;wg;gl;lijg; g[wehD}W
TWfpwJ. ``kUe;nj MapDk; tpUe;bjhL cz;~~ vd;fpwhu; xsitahu;. thiH ,iyapy; tpUe;J
gilg;gijj; jkpHu; mtrpakhff; bfhz;oUe;jdu;.
Kot[iu:
fhye;njhWk; jkpHu;fspd; milahskhf tps=;Fk; cau;gz;ghf tps=;Fk;
tpUe;njhk;giyg; nghw;wpg; bgUkpjk; bfhs;nthk;.
et
2.
tPl;oy; jpz;iz mikj;j fhuzk;/ tpUe;jpdu; ngQjy;/ jkpHu; gz;ghl;oy; <if ?
grpj;jtUf;F cztply; ? ,it nghd;w bray;fs; md;Wk; ,d;Wk; bjhlu;e;J bfhz;oUg;gij
mHFw tptupj;J vGJf.
.N
Fwpg;g[r; rl;lk;
Kd;Diu
ar
tPl;oy; jpz;iz
tpUe;jpdiug; ngQjy;
jkpHu; gz;ghl;oy; <if
riy
grpj;jtUf;F cztply;
tpUe;jpdu; md;Wk; ,d;Wk;
epiwt[iu
,ay; 3
Kd;Diu:
si
jk; tPl;Lf;F tUk; tpUe;jpdiu Kfkyu;r;rpnahL tuntw;W cz;z czt[k;

,Uf;f ,lKk; bfhLj;J md;g[ ghuhl;Ltnj tpUe;njhk;gy;. tpUe;jpdu; vd;why; cwtpdu;
A
vd;W ,f;fhyj;jpdu; fUJfpd;wdu;. cwtpdu; ntW/ tpUe;jpdu; ntW. Kd;gpd; mwpahj

g[jpatu;fSf;nf tpUe;jpdu; vd;W bgau;. `tpUe;nj g[Jik~ vd;W bjhy;fhg;gpau; Twpa[s;shu;.
tPl;oy; jpz;iz:
g[jpajhf tUnthu; ,utpy; j=;Ftjw;F tPl;od; Kd;g[wk; jpz;iza[k; mjpy; jiy
itf;fj; jpz;Lk; mikj;jdu;. Mdhy; ,d;W tPl;Lf;Fj; jpz;iz itj;Jf; fl;LtJkpy;iy;
mwpKfkpy;yhj g[jpatu;fis tpUe;jpdu;fshf Vw;gJt[k; ,y;iy. ,Ug;gpDk; jpUtpHhf;
fhy=;fspy; CUf;F tUk; g[jpatu;fisa[k; miHj;J md;nghL tpUe;jspg;gijr; rpy
,l=;fspy; fhz KofpwJ.
tpUe;jpdiug; ngQjy;:
jpUkzj;ij cWjp bra;jy;/ jpUkzk;/ tisfhg;g[/ gpwe;j ehs;/ g[Jkid g[FtpHh
nghd;wtw;iw ,y;y tpHhf;fshfnt bfhz;lhodu;. mg;nghJ kpFjpahd tpUe;jpdu;fis
tuntw;W cztspj;J kfpH;e;jdu;. me;j ,y;y tpHh ehl;fspy; mg;gFjp thH; kf;fSk; btspa{u;
tpUe;jpdu;fSf;Fj; njitahd cjtpfisr; bra;jdu;.
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fhyg; nghf;fpy; tPl;oy; eilbgw;w tpHhf;fs; jpUkzf;Tl=;fSf;F ,lk;

bgau;e;Jtpl;ld. gz;ghl;L khw;wkhf ,d;W rpy ,l=;fspy; tpUe;jpdu;fis tuntw;gJ
Kjy; ge;jpapy; cgrupj;J tHpaDg;g[k; tiu `jpUkz Vw;ghl;lhsu;fns~ bra;a[k; tpUe;njhk;gy;
eilbgWtijf; fhz KofpwJ.
jkpHu; gz;ghl;oy; <if:
fy;tpa[k; bry;tKk; bgw;w bgz;fs; tpUe;Jk; <ifa[k; bra;tjhff; fk;gu;
Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shu;.
`bghUe;J bry;tKk; fy;tpa[k; g{j;jyhy;
tUe;jp te;jtu;f;F <jYk; itfYk;
tpUe;Jk; md;wp tpistd ahitna~
? fk;guhkhazk;/ 1:2:36.
bea;jy; epyj;jtu; ghzu;fis tuntw;Wf; FHy; kPd; fwpa[k; gpwt[k; bfhLj;jdu;
vd;fpwJ rpWghzhw;Wg;gil.
,isahd;Fo khwehadhupd; tPl;Lf;F te;j rptdoahu;f;F tpUe;jspf;f mtuplk;
et
jhdpakpy;iy; vdnt/ md;W tpijj;J tpl;L te;j bey;iy mupj;J te;j gpd; rikj;J tpUe;J
gilj;j jpwk; bgupag[uhzj;jpy; fhl;lg;gLfpwJ. ts;sy;fs; gyUk; kpFe;j <iff;Fzj;Jld;
tps=;fpaij ,yf;fpa=;fs; tHp mwpa KofpwJ.
.N
grpj;jtUf;F cztply;:
,y;yj;jpy; gyUk; EiHa[k; mstpw;F cs;s bgupa thapiy ,utpy;
@Ltjw;F Kd;du;/ czt[ cz;z ntz;oatu;fs; ahnuDk; cs;sPu;fsh> vd;W nfl;Fk;
ar
tHf;fk; ,Ue;jij/
`gyu;g[F ehtpy; milg;gf; flt[eu;
riy
tUtPu; csPnuh-~
?vd;w FWe;bjhif (118) mofs; g[yg;gLj;Jfpd;wd.
kzpnkfiy `grpg;gpzpiag; nghf;f nkw;bfhz;l Kaw;rpapYk;~/ ,uhkyp=;f mofs;
,ay; 3
`tlY}upy; mizah mLg;ig Vw;gLj;jp bgUk; cjtp g[upe;jik~ ,d;Dk; bjhlu;tij

si
grpg;gpzpia ePf;Ftjw;fhd bray;fspy; Kjd;ikahdjhff; Fwpg;gplyhk;. ,d;iwa

epiyapy; gy;ntW jpUf;nfhapy;fspy; md;djhdk; tH=;Ftijj; jkpHf muR bjhlu;e;J
bray;gLj;jp tUfpwJ.
A
tpUe;jpdu; md;Wk; ,d;Wk;:

r=;f fhyj;jpypUe;nj muruhapDk; twpnahuhapDk; tpUe;jpdu;fisg; nghw;wpdu;. fhy
khw;wj;jpy; g[jpatu;fshfpa tpUe;jpdu;fis tPl;Lf;Fs; miHj;J cztpLtJ Fiwe;jJ.
tpUe;J g[ug;gJ Fiwe;jjhy; rj;jpu=;fs; bgUfpd. ehaf;fu;/ kuhl;oau; Ml;rpf; fhy=;fspy;
kpFjpahd rj;jpu=;fs; tHpr; bry;nthu;f;fhff; fl;lg;gl;ld.
g[jpatu;fshd tpUe;jpdu;fis Vw;gJ Fiwe;Jtpl;l fhyj;jpy;/ Xust[ bjupe;jtu;fis
kl;Lnk tpUe;jpdu;fshf Vw;wdu;. gog;goahf cw;whu; cwtpdu;fs;/ ez;gu;fs; Mfpnahiuna
tpUe;jpdu;fshfg; nghw;Wk; epiyf;F khwpdu;.
epiwt[iu:
gz;ilj; jkpHu; ,y;y=;fspYk; cs;s=;fspYk; tpUe;njhk;gy; gz;ghL brHpj;jpUe;jJ.
me;j caupa jkpH;g; gz;ghL ,d;iwa jkpHu;fsplk; gy;ntW Kiwfspy; gpd;gw;wg;gLfpwJ.
fhye;njhWk; jkpHu;fspd; milahskhf tps=;Fk; cau;gz;ghd tpUe;njhk;giyg; nghw;wpg;
bgUkpjk; bfhs;nthk;.
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1. tPl;oy; jpz;iz mikj;j fhuzk;/ tpUe;jpdu; ngQjy;/ jkpHu; gz;ghl;oy; <if/ grpj;jtu;f;F
cztply; ,it nghd;w bray;fs; Fwpj;J c=;fs; tPl;oYs;stu;fsplk; nfl;Lj; bjupe;J
te;J fye;Jiuahly; bra;f.
mKjd; : tPl;oy; jpz;iz mikj;jjw;fhd fhuzk; vd;d vd;W nfl;L te;jhah>
kjp : nfl;nld;. tHpg;nghf;fu;fs; ,utpy; j=;Ftjw;F tPl;od; Kd;g[wk; jpz;iza[k;
mjpy; jiy itf;fj; jpz;Lk; mikj;jdu; vd;W mg;gh Twpdhu;.
mKjd; : tpUe;jpdu; ngzy; Fwpj;J cd; tPl;lhu; cdf;F Twpa bra;jp ahJ>
kjp :
tzf;fk; Twp tuntw;wy;/ mku itj;jy;/ jz;zPu; bfhLj;jy;/ czt[
cz;zr;bra;jy; Mfpaitna tpUe;jpdu; ngQk; KiwahFk; vd;wdu;.
mKjd; : <if vd;why; vd;d vd;gJ gw;wp nfl;lhah>
kjp : jkpHu; gz;ghl;oy; <if Fwpj;Jk; ,yf;fpa=;fs; TWfpd;wd. ghup vd;w FWepy
et
kd;dd; Ky;iyf;Fj; nju; bfhLj;jjhft[k; ngfd; vd;gtd; kapYf;Fg; nghu;it
bfhLj;jhd; vd;gija[k; ehk; ghlE}ypy; goj;jpUf;fpnwhk; my;yth> mJjhd; <if
vd;wdu;.
.N
mKjd; : `grpj;jtu;f;F cztply;~ Fwpj;J cd; bgw;nwhu; Twpa bra;jpfis vdf;Fk; TW.
kjp :
``cz;o bfhLj;njhu; capu; bfhLj;njhnu~~ vd;fpwJ ,yf;fpak;. grpj;Jauhy;
thLgtUf;F cztspg;gJ mtUf;F g[j;Japu; te;jJ nghd;wpUf;Fk; vd;W mk;kh
ar
Twpdhu;.
2. ``,l;lnjhu; jhkiug;g{
riy
,jH;tpupj; jpUj;jy; nghny

tl;lkha;g; g[whf;fs; To
,iua[z;Qk; ....................~~ ? ghujpjhrdhu;
,ay; 3
,t;thwhff; ftpijfspy; gjpt[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;s gfpu;e;Jz;zy; Fwpj;Jg; ngRf.
si
tzf;fk;.
fpilj;j ,iuiag; gfpu;e;Jz;Qk; bghUl;L g[whf;fs; tl;lkha; mt;tpiuiar; Rw;wp
A
To epd;wd. ,f;fhl;rpahdJ ,jH; tpupe;jpUf;fpd;w jhkiu kyiug; nghd;W fhl;rpaspg;gjhf

ftp+u; ctkpj;Js;shu;.
K.tujuhrdhu; ,aw;wpa `Fwl;il xyp~ vd;w rpWfijapy; Xu; ViHj;jha; jd; FHe;ijf;F
Cl;l ntz;oa ghyhy; gl;odp fple;j eha;f;Fl;ofSf;F Cl;Lfpwhs;. Xu; ViHj;jhapd;
tWikapYk; gfpu;e;Jz;Qk; jha;ikg; gz;g[ ,f;fijapy; g[yg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,f;fhyj;jpy; gfpu;e;Jz;Qk; tHf;fk; mjpfkhf kdpju;fsplk; fhzg;gLtjpy;iy.
md;whlk; ehk; fhQk; Ie;jwpt[ capupdkhfpa fhf;if Tl jdf;Ff; fpilj;j rpwpjst[
,iuiaa[k; jd; ,dj;njhL gfpu;e;J cz;Qk; bghUl;L fiue;J jd; ,dj;ij miHj;J
cz;fpwJ. ,j;jifa capupd=;fspd; bray;fisf; fz;lhtJ kdpju;fs; gfpu;e;Jz;Qk;
giHa gz;ghl;il epiy epWj;j ntz;Lk;. mg;nghJjhd; grpg;gpzp eP=;Fk; vd;W brhy;yp
vd;Diuia epiwt[ bra;fpd;nwd;.
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,ay; ,aw;if ciueil cyfk;

nfl;fpwjh vd; Fuy;-

2. bghUe;Jk; tpil tupiriaj; nju;e;bjLf;f.

iv) bjd;wy; ? 4. tlf;F

fhw;Wf;F tuk; kuk; ? ku=;fis

fhw;wpd; Rthrk; kuk;-

J}a fhw;iwr; Rthrpg;nghk;-

 vd;idf; fz;L cyfk; rpupf;Fk;

,lj;jpYk; jkpHfk; Kjy; ,lj;jpYk; cs;sJ. g[Jg;gpf;ff; Toa tskhd

kpd; tprpwpf; fhw;W : ``fhw;Ws;s nghnj kpd;rhuk; vLj;Jf; bfhs;~~.

1. kyu;e;Jk; kyuhj ghjpkyu; nghy

1. bjd;nkw;Fg; gUtf;fhw;W ,e;jpahtpw;F vj;jid tpGf;fhL kiHg;bghHptpidj; jUfpwJ>

m) jpUke;jpuk;/ jpUthrfk; M) jpUf;Fws;/ jpUke;jpuk;

5. ``tha[ tHf;fk; mwpe;J brwpe;jl=;fpy;

<) jpU@yu; [tpil: ,) gygl;lilr; brhf;fehjg; g[ytu;]

11. `tspbjhHpy; Mz;l cunthd;~ ? vdf; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; kd;dd;

,) ,uhnre;jpud; <) ghHp [tpil: m) fupfhyd;]

12. fupfhy; bgUtsj;jhidg; g[fH;e;J ghoa r=;ffhyg; bgz;g[ytu;

14. $^d; Kjy; brg;lk;gu; tiu tPRk; gUtf;fhw;W

15. mf;nlhgu; Kjy; ork;gu; tiu tPRk; gUtf;fhw;W

16. cyff; fhw;whiy cw;gj;jpapy; Ie;jhk; ,lk; bgw;Ws;s ehL

18. cyfpnyna mjpf mst[[ khRgLj;Jk; ehLfspy; ,uz;lhkplk; bgw;Ws;s ehL

20. cyff; fhw;W ehs;

23. capupd thH;tpd; mog;gil

,) kdpjd; <) ku=;fs; [tpil: m) ,aw;if]

26. `tz;blhL g[f;f kztha;j; bjd;wy;~ ? vd;W ciuj;jtu; ahu;>

29. ``ejpapy; tpisahof; bfhoapy; jiyrPtp

31. \pg;ghy!; vd;gtu;

m) fpnuf;f khYkp M) nghu;r;Rf;fPrpa khYkp

gazk; bra;a[k; g[jpa tHpiaf; fz;Lgpoj;jtu;

33. \p[g;ghy!; gUtf;fhw;W vd;W bgaupl;ltu;fs;

35. btz;zpf;Faj;jpahu; vd;gtu;

36. ``fsp,ay; ahidf; fupfhy; tst-~~ vd;W ghoatu;

38. gUtf;fhw;wpd; gaid cyfpw;F czu;j;jpa fpnuf;f mwp+u;

40. ,e;jpahtpd; KJbfYk;g[

m) bjd;nkw;Fg; gUtf;fhyk; M) bjd;fpHf;Fg; gUtf;fhyk;

42. `tspkpfpd; typ ,y;iy~ vd;W ghoatu; ahu;> E}y; vJ>

 [tpil: m) g[wehD}W/ Ia{u; Kltdhu;]

44. g[wCjhf; fjpu;fisj; jLf;Fk; muz;

48. mkpy kiHahy; Jd;gj;jpw;F cs;shFgit

50. xU kzpj;Jspf;F 12 Kjy; 18 Kiw @r;Rf;fhw;wha; ehk; btspapLtJ

51. ku=;fs; ek; EiuaPuYf;Fj; njitahd vijj; jUfpwJ>

,) iel;u$d; <) i\l;u$d; [tpil: m) capu; tsp (Mf;rp$d;)]

m) kiwkiyaofs; M) jdpehaf mofs;

,) +hdpahuofs; <) mKjd; mofs; [tpil: M) jdpehaf mofs;]

53. ,aw;ifapd; TWfspy; vjpd; g=;F TLjyhdJ>

55. jh$;kfhy; fl;lg;gl;l E}w;whz;L

1. @r;Rg;gapw;rp Fwpj;Jj; jpU@yu; Twpa bra;jp ahJ>

2. fhw;iwf; Fwpf;Fk; ntW bgau;fs; ahit>

 kiHiaj; jUtjhy; kiHf;fhw;W vd;Wk; miHf;fg;gLfpwJ.

5. nkw;Ff; fhw;W Fwpg;g[ tiuf. (my;yJ) Flf;Ff; fhw;W Fwpg;g[ tiuf.

 gdpg;gFjpapypUe;J tPRtjhy; Fspu;r;rpahd Cijf;fhw;W vdt[k; miHf;fg; gLfpwJ.

7. bjd;wy; fhw;W Fwpg;g[ tiuf.

Fiwe;J ,jkhd fhw;iwj; jUfpwJ.

jpirfs; ntW bgau;fs;

bjd;wy; fhw;W gytpj kyu;fspd; eWkzj;ij ms;sp tUfpwJ" Tlnt tz;Lfisa[k;

 ,it kiHg;bghHptpidj; jUfpd;wd.

13. Xnrhd; glyj;jpd; gad;fisf; TW.

 g[tpiag; nghu;it nghyr; Rw;wp fjputdpd; btg;gj;ijf; Fiwj;Jf; bfhLf;fpwJ.

14. Xnrhd; glyj;jpy; cUthd Xl;ilapdhy; Vw;glf;Toa jPikfs; ahit>

15. mkpy kiH vt;thW bga;fpwJ>

 kpd;dhw;wyhy; ,a=;Fk; Cu;jpfis kpFjpahfg; gad;gLj;Jjy;.

 g[ij tot vupbghUl;fisj; (fr;rh vz;bza;/ epyf;fup) jtpu;;j;jy;.

vd;idf; fz;L cyfk; rpupf;Fk;

1. bjd;nkw;Fg; gUtf;fhw;W ,e;jpahtpw;F vj;jid tpGf;fhL kiHg;bghHptpidj; jUfpwJ>

5. ``tha[ tHf;fk; mwpe;J brwpe;jl=;fpy;

<) jpU@yu; [tpil: ,) gygl;lilr; brhf;fehjg; g[ytu;]

16. cyff; fhw;whiy cw;gj;jpapy; Ie;jhk; ,lk; bgw;Ws;s ehL

29. ``ejpapy; tpisahof; bfhoapy; jiyrPtp

[tpil: m) g[wehD}W/ Ia{u; Kltdhu;]

50. xU kzpj;Jspf;F 12 Kjy; 18 Kiw @r;Rf;fhw;wha; ehk; btspapLtJ

,) iel;u$d; <) i\l;u$d; [tpil: m) capu; tsp (Mf;rp$d;)]

kiHiaj; jUtjhy; kiHf;fhw;W vd;Wk; miHf;fg;gLfpwJ.

gdpg;gFjpapypUe;J tPRtjhy; Fspu;r;rpahd Cijf;fhw;W vdt[k; miHf;fg; gLfpwJ.

,it kiHg;bghHptpidj; jUfpd;wd.

g[tpiag; nghu;it nghyr; Rw;wp fjputdpd; btg;gj;ijf; Fiwj;Jf; bfhLf;fpwJ.

kpd;dhw;wyhy; ,a=;Fk; Cu;jpfis kpFjpahfg; gad;gLj;Jjy;.

g[ij tot vupbghUl;fisj; (fr;rh vz;bza;/ epyf;fup) jtpu;;j;jy;.

rikaYf;F tpwFfisg; gad;gLj;jhik.

fpnuf;fk; ? Krpwpf;F tpiuthd fly; gazk;.

atdf; fly; tzpfk; bgUfpaJ.

epyf;fupapd; njit Fiwj;J fdpk tsk; ghJfhf;fg;gly;.

22. fhw;wpd; Mw;wy;/ ntfk; ,yf;fpa=;fspy; vt;thW Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;wd>

fhw;wpd; ntfj;ij/ fL=;fhw;W kziyf; bfhz;L te;J nru;f;fpwJ vd;W kJiu

mt;thW tUk;nghJ Tlnt tz;Lfisa[k; miHj;J tUfpwJ.

,tu; gUtf;fhw;wpd; cjtpahy; Krpwpj; JiwKfj;jpw;Fg; g[jpa tHpiaf; fz;Lgpoj;jhu;.

tpiuthd gazj;jpw;F ,g;g[jpa tHp cjtpajhy; atdf; fg;gy;fs; nruu;fspd; Krpwpj;

,e;jpahtpw;Fj; njitahd vGgJ tpGf;fhL kiHastpidj; jUfpwJ.

,e;jpahtpd; KJbfYk;ghd ntshz;ik rpwf;fpwJ.

ehL czt[ cw;gj;jpapy; jd;dpiwt[ bgw cjt[fpwJ.

tpijfisg; gy ,l=;fSf;Fg; gug;g[fpwJ.

capu;r; r=;fpypj; bjhlu; mWglhjpUf;f cjt[fpwJ.

etPd bjhiyj;bjhlu;gpd; ikakhf tps=;FfpwJ.

fhw;whiy @yk; kpd;dhw;wiyg; bgWfpnwhk;.

1. ``cdf;Fg; ghl;Lfs; ghLfpnwhk;

jkpHpy; ghujpahu; ,jid mwpKfk; bra;jhu;.

kfue;jj;J}isr; Rke;J bfhz;L kdij ka=;fr; bra;fpd;w thrida[ld; th.

,iyfspd; kPJk;/ ePuiyfspd; kPJk; cuha;e;J th.

capu;tspiaf; bfhL. Mdhy; nga;nghy; tPrp capuhfpa beUg;ig mizj;J tplhnj.

1. `ghL,kpH; gdpf;fly; gUfp~ vd;Dk; Ky;iyg;ghl;L mo czu;j;Jk; mwptpay; bra;jp ahJ>