LESSON 8  Dispositions are particular kinds of properties or characteristics that objects

can possess. Examples of dispositions include the solubility of a sugar-cube in

HOW IS MORAL CHARACTER DEVELOPED?
water, the fragility of porcelain, the elasticity of a rubber band, and the
Moral Character and its Development magnetism of a lodestone.

 Moral character refers to the existence or lack of virtues such as integrity,  Moral character traits are those dispositions of character for which it is
courage, fortitude, honesty, and loyalty. appropriate to hold agents morally responsible.

 To say that a certain person has a good moral character means that he/she is  A trait for which the agent is deserving of a positive reactive attitude, such as
a good person and a good citizen with a sound moral compass (De Guzman et praise or gratitude, is a virtue, and a vice is a trait for which the agent is
al., 2017). deserving of a negative reactive attitude, such as resentment or blame.

 It can be conceptualized as an individual’s disposition to think, feel, and
behave in an ethical versus unethical manner, or as the subset of individual
differences relevant to morality (Cohen & Carnegie, 2014).
Moral Character and Virtues
 Etymologically, the term “character” comes from the ancient Greek term
charaktêr, which initially referred to the mark impressed upon a coin.
 The term charaktêr later came to refer more generally to any distinctive
feature by which one thing is distinguished from others.
 Along this general line, in contemporary usage character often refers to a set
of qualities or characteristics that can be used to differentiate between
persons.
 Moral character traits are relatively stable, fixed and reliable dispositions of
action and affect that ought to be rationally informed.
 It is important to consider that moral character is not something that is
imposed from the outside, but something that springs from the will of the
moral agent.
 Hence, a moral character develops as he/she grows into maturity. We may
view moral character as a disposition or tendency to act or think in a specific
way for which a person can be held morally responsible.
The Circular Relation of Acts and Character
 The other side of the relation between moral character and action is the effect
of action on character.

 Virtue ethics represents the concept that individual’s actions are based upon
inner moral virtue.

 “Doctrine of the mean” is a principle that suggests that a moral behavior is one
that is in the middle of two extremes.

 For example, between gain and disadvantage is justice, and between

shameless and touchiness is modesty. Indeed, moral virtue can be defined
simply as the just mean.

Moral Character as Dispositions

LESSON 9

STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT

LESSON 10

Reason and Impartiality

 Humans have not only feelings but also reason, and reason plays a vital role in
Ethics.

 In fact, moral truths are truths of reason; that is, a moral judgement is true if
it is espoused by better reasons than the alternatives

REASON

 Reason is the ability of the mind to think, understand, and form judgments by
a process of logic.

 It is an innate and exclusive human ability that utilizes new or existing

information as bases to consciously make sense out of thing while applying
logic. It is also associated with thinking, cognition, and intellect.

 According to De Guzman et al. (2017), reason spells the difference of moral

judgments from the mere expressions of personal preference.

 If after eating someone says, “I like a sweet cake,” he is not required to support
it with good reasons for that is a statement about his/her personal taste and
nothing more.

 But in the case of moral judgments, they require backing by reasons. In the
absence of sensible rationale, they are merely capricious and ignorable.
 Moral deliberation is a matter of weighing reasons and being guided by them.
In understanding the nature of morality, considering reasons is indispensable.

 Truth in Ethics entails being justified by good reasons. That is, the rightful moral
decision involves selecting the option that has the power of reason on its side.

IMPARTIALITY

LESSON 11

FEELINGS AND REASON

Feeling and Moral Decision-Making

LESSON 12

THE 7-STEP MORAL REASONING?

LESSON 13

REASON AND WILL

LESSON 14

MORAL THEORIES
LESSON 15

ARISTOTLE AND ST. THOMAS

ARISTOTLE

ST. THOMAS AQUINAS

Threefold Nature of Man

LESSON 16

KANTIAN THEORY
LESSON 17

UTILITARIANISM
GLOBALIZATION LESSON 19

Globalization is the word used to describe the growing interdependence of

the world’s economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by cross-border
MILLENNIALS AND FILINNIALS
trade in goods and services, technology, and flows of investment, people, and
information.

EMERGENCE OF GLOBALIZATION

EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION

POSITIVE IMPACTS OF GLOBALIZATION

 Gives Access to a Larger Market

 Provides Cheaper Goods for Consumers

 Leads to Better Economies

 Promotes World Peace and Unity

 Innovation

 Better Quality and Variety

NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF GLOBALIZATION

 Environmental Damage
 Fluctuation of Prices

 Job Insecurity

“GLOBALIZATION PROMOTES INTERCONNECTEDNESS AMONGST COUNTRIES,

GLOBAL AWARENESS AMONGST DIVERSE PEOPLE, LIKEWISE BORDERLESS SOCIETY
TOWARDS A GLOBAL VILLAGE”- MR. ALVIN C. ABAJAR