V – MORAL AGENT:

DEVELOPING VIRTUE AS A
HABIT
VALUES
MORAL CHARACTER AND ITS
FORMATION
CONSCIENCE-BASED MORAL DECISION
CIRCULAR RELATION OF ACTS AND
CHARACTER

Ria Anne C. Rozul

CAS-DSSH, Political Science Instructor
 VALUE/S
 Value
 From Latin word “Valere” which means “to be of worth”
 means to price, to esteem, to appraise, to estimate (John
Dewey)

 Human values
 are the virtues that guide us to take into account human
element when one interacts with one other human being.
 our feelings for the human essence of others.

 Moral values
 help us distinguish between what’s right and wrong, good or bad
for you as well as society.
 principles that govern our lives and beliefs that make us realize
the importance of life, the goals that we want to attain or
accomplish in life.
 TYPES OF MORAL VALUES
(KATHY SLATTENGREN, 2018)

a. Acceptance: having an objective attitude toward others‘

ideas and practices that differ from your own
b. Compassion: understanding the suffering of others or
self and wanting to do something about it
c. Courage: willingness to do difficult things.
d. Equality: believing everyone deserves equal rights and
to be treated with respect.
e. Fairness: acting in a just way, sharing appropriately
f. Generosity: willingness to give resources, help or time to
others
g. Honesty: being truthful and sincere
h. Integrity: sticking to your moral and ethical principles
and values
i. Kindness: being considerate and treating others well
j. Perseverance: persisting in a course of action, belief or
purpose
k. Politeness: using good manners, acting in socially
acceptable ways
l. Respect: showing consideration for the worth of someone
or something
m. Responsibility: being reliable in your obligations
n. Self-control: staying in control of your words and
behavior
Faith is the virtue of believing in God’s
word without seeing.
Hope is the virtue of keeping trust in
Divine Providence.
Charity is the virtue of loving God and
His creatures

Prudence is the virtue of knowing what to

do under peculiar circumstances which
enables one to see the best means to
approach a given situation.
Justice is a virtue of giving anyone his/her
due under no condition.
Fortitude is a virtue of keeping resolute in
the face of overwhelming odds. Temperance
is the virtue of curbing or managing the
sensitive appetites.
 MORAL CHARACTER
 a function of whether he/she has or lacks various moral
virtues and vices.
 formed by one’s actions -- habits, actions, and emotional
responses of the person of good character
The theory of Lawrence Kohlberg states that the moral development of most
people begins with a desire to avoid personal punishment and may evolve over
time to a desire to make the world a better and more just place for all people.
 Kohlberg used Piaget’s
storytelling technique
to tell people stories
involving moral
dilemmas.
Universal-Ethical-
Principal Orientation

Social Contract
Orientation

Law and order

Orientation

Good boy, Nice girl

Orientation

Instrumental Orientation

Obedience & Punishment

Orientation
 CONSCIENCE-BASED MORAL
DECISION

 Conscience from its Latin origin known as cum alia

scientia; it means the application of knowledge.
 an act of reason
 an act of the practical moral judgment
 an act guided by reason

 The best way to educate our conscience is to always

obey laws.
 ACTS AND CHARACTER

 Acts that Build Character

 Character is developed through time and experiences
 It will determine our success
 Acts that Emanate from Character
 Character is what we are, it is inside us, hidden, and shaped
through times, while acts are outward manifestation of who
we are