ELECTRICAL MACHINES – LABORATORY

G.H.PATELCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, V.V.NAGAR

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Expt. No:
LOAD TEST ON DC SHUNT MOTOR
Date:

AIM:

a. To conduct the load test on DC shunt motor.

b. To draw the performance characteristics.
c. To determine the efficiency of motor at various loads.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

Sr.
Apparatus Range Type Quantity
No.
1 Ammeter 0-10A,0-2A MC 2(Each)
2 Voltmeter (0-300) V MC 2
185Ω,2.2A Wire
3 Rheostats Each 2
Wound
4 Tachometer (0-3000) rpm Digital 1
5 Connecting Wires 2.5sq.mm. Copper Few

PRECAUTIONS:

1. Field Rheostat should be kept in the minimum resistance position at the time of
starting and stopping the motor.
2. Loads are applied gradually and should be within the normal limits of machines.

DETAILS OF MACHINES:

MACHINE:1 (Motor) MACHINE:2(Generator)

Capacity Capacity
Voltage Voltage
current current
speed speed
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Load Test on D.C Shunt motor Prof. S.B.Patel

 ELECTRICAL MACHINES – LABORATORY

G.H.PATELCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, V.V.NAGAR

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

THEORY:

The shunt motor has a definite no load speed hence it does not run away when load is
suddenly thrown off provided the field circuit remains closed. The drop in speed from
no-load to full load is small hence this motor is usual referred to a constant speed
motor.

The efficiency curve is usually of the same shape for all electric motors and
generators. The shape of efficiency curve and the point of maximum efficiency can be
very considerable by the designer, though it is advantageous to have an efficiency
curve which is fairly flat. So that there is little change in efficiency between load and
25% overload and to have the maximum efficiency as near to the full load as possible.

From the curves it is observed that is certain value of current is required even when
output is zero. The motor input under no-load conditions goes to meet the various
losses, occurring within the machine.

As compared to other motors a shunt motor is said to have a lowest starting torque.
But this should not be taken off mean that is shunt motor is incapable of starting heavy
load. Actually it means that series and compound motor as capable of starting heavy
load with les excess of current inputs over normal values then the shunt motor and
the consequently the depreciation on the motor will be relatively less.

PROCEDURE:

1 Connect the circuit as shown in figure and keep the load zero.
2 Set the field rheostat of motor to zero & field rheostat of generator maximum.
3 Switch on D.C. supply & start the motor with the help of starter
4 Adjust the field rheostat of motor to obtain rated speed or any suitable speed.
Then don’t disturb this setting.
5 Adjust the D.C.shunt generator voltage to its rated value (220 V) with the help
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of its field rheostat.

Load Test on D.C Shunt motor Prof. S.B.Patel

 ELECTRICAL MACHINES – LABORATORY

G.H.PATELCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, V.V.NAGAR

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

6 Note the meter readings and speed at this no-load condition.

7 Now increase the electrical load and adjust the generator terminal voltage
constant at previous value.
8 Note the reading of ammeters, voltmeters & speed.
9 Repeat 6 to 8 above to cover the range of no load to full load of motor.
10 Measure the armature resistance Ra of the motor by multimeter.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

OBSERVATION TABLE:

Motor side readings Generator side readings

Sr.
Line Input Terminal Load Output speed
No Voltage
current power voltage current power
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Load Test on D.C Shunt motor Prof. S.B.Patel

 ELECTRICAL MACHINES – LABORATORY

G.H.PATELCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, V.V.NAGAR

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

CALCULATIONS: (FOR ALL READINGS);

Generator output power Pg = Vg x Ig

Generator constant loss= motor constant loss=PC ={[Vm(no-load) x Im(no-load)]-

[Motor & Generator Arm.& Field
Cu Losses]}/2

Generator input power = Pg + Ig2 x Ra + Vg x Ish +Pc

Motor output power Pm(o) = Generator input power

Motor input power Pm(i) = Vm x Im

Motor efficiency is Pm (o)

% ἠ = ----------------- x 100
Pm(i)
COMPUTATIONAL TABLE:

Sr. No. Motor Armature Current Shaft Torque Speed Efficiency

MODEL GRAPHS:
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Load Test on D.C Shunt motor Prof. S.B.Patel

 ELECTRICAL MACHINES – LABORATORY

G.H.PATELCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, V.V.NAGAR

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

GRAPHS:

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Load Test on D.C Shunt motor Prof. S.B.Patel

 ELECTRICAL MACHINES – LABORATORY

G.H.PATELCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, V.V.NAGAR

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

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Load Test on D.C Shunt motor Prof. S.B.Patel

 ELECTRICAL MACHINES – LABORATORY

G.H.PATELCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, V.V.NAGAR

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

CONCLUSIONS:

Grade/Marks Obtained

Date of Assessment

Sign of Instructor
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Load Test on D.C Shunt motor Prof. S.B.Patel