PHYSICAL SCIENCE (MODULE 1)

WHAT’S IN

1. Proton
2. Abundance
3. Tritium
4. Supernova
5. Protostar
6. Photon
7. Helium
8. Lithium
9. Protium
10. Neutron
11. Deuterium
12. Andromeda
13. Nucleosynthesis
14. Microwave

Guide questions

1. The Big Bang theory describes how the universe expanded from an initial state of high density
and temperature. It is the prevailing cosmological model explaining the evolution of the
observable universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale form.
2. Pieces of evidence that support the big bang theory are redshift, cosmic microwave background
radiation, and abundance of light elements.
3. According to the Big Bang theory, the temperatures in the early universe were so high that
fusion reactions could take place. dis resulted in the formation of light elements: hydrogen,
deuterium, helium (two isotopes), lithium and trace amounts of beryllium.

WHATS NEW

1. Big bang
2. Nucleus
3. Photon
4. Helium
5. Star
6. Supernova
7. Emetine
8. Red giant
9. White dwarf
10. Universe

ACTIVITY 3

1. G
2. E
3. B
 4. A
5. C
6. D
7. F

Q4

PROTOSTAR RED GIANT OR SUPERGIANT

stars with small and stars with high

medium mass mass

Planetary nebula
supernova

most massive high massive

White dwarf
Neutron star Black hole

Black dwarf

ACTIVITY 3.1

1. Elements heavier than beryllium are formed through stellar nucleosynthesis.

2. These three pieces of evidence, 1) stellar evolution theory, 2) expanding OB associations and 3)
the interstellar medium, constitute three basic “proofs” of ongoing star formation in the Milky
Way.

WHATS MORE

1. Fact
2. Fact
3. Bluff
4. Fact
5. Fact
6. Bluff
7. Fact
 8. Fact
9. Fact
10. Fact

ACTIVITY 5

1. Occurs in
2. Main-sequence starts
3. Which evolve into
4. red giant/supergiant stars
5. which eventually end up in
6. supernova explosions
7. which form elements primarily through
8. r-process
9. photon-photon chain reaction
10. CNO cycle
11. Alpha ladder
12. S-process

ACTIVITY 6

1. H3 + y
2. P
3. He4 +Y
4. N

WHAT I CAN DO

1. –
a. The star formation theory proposes that stars from due to the collapse of the dense
regions of a molecular cloud.
b. Stellar nucleosynthesis is the process by which elements are formed within stars.
c. A protostar is a stellar core formed when the fragments of a collapsed molecular cloud
contrast.
2. –
a. Supernova nucleosynthesis
b. Stellar nucleosynthesis
3. how does big bang, stellar and supernova works?