ZI

RCONI
ADENTALI
MPLANTS

I
NTRODUCTI
ON:

I
n 1969,t
etr
agonalzi
rconi
a was f
ir
stused f
or
medi
calpur
posesbecauseofi
tswearr
esi
stanceand
har
dness.Zi
rconi
ais a whi
te powder
ed mat
eri
al
commonl
yused t
o pr
oduce dent
alf
ramewor
ksf
or
dent
alsubst
ruct
ures such as cr
owns,br
idges and
f
il
li
ngs.Zi
rconi
acer
ami
cswi
thpr
oper
ti
eshav
ebeen
i
ntr
oduced as al
ter
nat
ive sour
ce f
oral
umi
na and
t
it
ani
um oxi
det
oov
ercomet
hei
rli
mit
ati
onsi
ndent
al
i
mpl
ant
s.Theywer
efi
rstusedf
ort
hef
abr
icat
ionofcr
ownandi
mpl
ant
s.Zi
rconi
a
hol
dsauni
quepl
aceamongstoxi
decer
ami
csduet
oit
sexcel
l
entmechani
cal
pr
oper
ti
escompar
edt
oot
herdent
alcer
ami
cs.

METHODOLOGY:

The zi
rconi
a used i
n dent
al i
mpl
ant
s r
equi
red some pr
oper
ti
es l
i
ke
bi
ocompat
ibi
l
ity
,wear r
esi
stance,chemi
calst
abi
l
ity and ot
her phy
sicaland
mechani
cal
proper
ti
eswhi
char
eachi
evedbyf
oll
owi
ngpr
ocesses

ADDI
TIONOFYTTRI
A

Cur
rent
lyt
etr
agonalzi
rconi
a pol
ycr
yst
all
i
ne par
ti
cul
arl
y 3 mol
% y
ttr
ia cal
l
ed
st
abi
l
izedzi
rconi
aist
hecer
ami
cofchoi
cef
ordent
ali
mpl
ant
s.Addi
ti
onofy
ttr
ia
i
mpr
ovet
hemechani
cal
andphy
sical
proper
ti
esofzi
rconi
a.

STABI
LIZATI
ON

Theaddi
ti
onofst
abi
l
izi
ngoxi
desi
simpor
tantbecausei
tal
l
owst
hemai
ntenance
oft
het
etr
agonalf
orm atr
oom t
emper
atur
e.Di
ff
erentoxi
dessuchasY20,Cao,Mgo
canbeaddedt
ozi
rconi
atost
abi
l
izei
t,al
l
owi
ngt
het
etr
agonalf
ormt
oexi
statr
oom
t
emper
atur
eaf
tersi
nter
ing

DESI
NGNI
NG:
 Zi
rconi
aimpl
ant
sar
emadeusi
ng CAD/
CAM sof
twar
e.Thi
scomput
erai
ded
desi
gn and manuf
act
uri
ng t
echnol
ogi
es gi
ven dent
alt
echni
cians t
he pr
eci
sion
neededt
omakeanexactf
it
ti
ngi
mpl
antt
hatbl
endsper
fect
lywi
thapat
ientnat
ural
t
eet
h.

DENTALMI
LLI
NG

Pr
oductar
emi
l
ledf
rom zi
rconi
abl
ocksal
readysi
nter
edwhi
chmeanst
her
eisno
shr
inkaget
othef
inal
str
uct
ure

SURFACETRETMENTOFZI
RCONI
AIMPLANTS:

Changi
ng t
he sur
face chemi
str
y usi
ng bi
oact
ive coat
ings wi
tht
he di
ff
erent
mat
eri
alsl
i
ke

 Cal
cium

 Phosphat
es

 Bi
sphosphonat
es

 Col
l
agen

FUNCTI
ONALREQUI
REMENT

Zi
rconi
ahasbeenusedi
ndent
ali
mpl
ant
sbecauseofi
tsgoodwearr
esi
stance,
bi
ocompat
ibi
l
ity
,good mechani
caland phy
sicalpr
oper
ti
es,hi
gh har
dness and
f
lexur
alst
rengt
h,chemi
calst
abi
l
ity
,poort
her
malconduct
ivi
ty,l
ow af
fi
nit
yto
bact
eri
alpl
aqueandgoodcor
rosi
onr
esi
stance.

 Cr
ownsandbr
idges

 Fi
l
ler
sindent
alcomposi
te

 I
nlay
sandonl
ays

 Veneer
s

 Endodont
icpostandcor
es

 Pedodont
iccr
owns

 Or
thodont
icbr
acket
s
  I
mpl
ant
s

 I
mpl
antabut
ment
s

MERI
TS:

 Zi
rconi
aiscompl
etel
yiner
tandcanbegoodchoi
cef
orpeopl
ewi
thknown
met
alal
l
ergi
esorsensi
ti
vi
ty

 Zi
rconi
aimpl
antcoul
dbeheal
thi
erf
orgum t
issuebecauset
hismat
eri
alr
etai
n
l
esspl
aqueandcal
cul
ust
hant
it
ani
um

 Zi
rconi
aimpl
ant
slastl
ongert
hanpor
cel
ainduet
oit
sdur
abi
l
ityandst
rengt
h

 I
tshowsa99%sur
viv
alr
ateaf
terf
ivey
ear
s

 Ther
eisnoev
idencef
ormut
ageni
corcar
cinogeni
cef
fect
s

 Zi
rconi
aist
hechoi
ceofmanydent
ist
sfori
tsbi
ocompat
ibi
l
ity

 Mor
eaest
het
icandi
twi
l
lnev
erbr
eakorchi
p

 Theywi
l
lnotst
ainandnoneedf
orr
epl
acement

 Zi
rconi
aisv
eryeasyt
ofor
mint
opr
eci
seshapeanddi
mensi
ons

DEMERI
TS:

 The bi
ggest dr
awbacks of choosi
ng zi
rconi
a dent
ali
mpl
ant
sisl
ow
t
emper
atur
edegr
adat
ionast
hepr
oductagesl
eadst
othedegr
adat
ionof
phy
sical
andmechani
cal
proper
ti
es

 Onepot
ent
ialdi
sadv
ant
ageofazi
rconi
acr
owni
sit
sopaqueappear
ance
whi
chcanmakei
tlookl
esst
hannat
ural

 I
nsomeci
rcumst
ancest
hezi
rconi
acoul
dcausewearandt
earonopposi
ng
t
eet
h

 Zi
rconi
aimpl
ant
sty
pical
l
ycostmor
ethanot
heri
mpl
ant
s

 Onl
yfewerpar
tsar
eav
ail
abl
e
Submi
tt
edby
:

A.
P.Gnanaj
othi

2018301015