1.

Latin American Identity: The Wiphala

FOCUS ON READING

PREREADING SECTION
1. Let’s have a look at this picture first. What is this? What do you

know about it?

2. Look at the text now. What are we going to read?

a. A description of the wiphala

b. A story about the wiphala
c. A poem about the wiphala

3. Is this an important symbol for Latin America? What is your opinion?

4. Who are these people? What are they doing? You can scan the text for more information.

5. Listen to your teacher read the text and underline all the information that you can

recognize. Let’s comment together then.

6. You have many ideas about what the text is about. Now, read it completely in pairs and do

the exercises that follow.

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 The Wiphala
The Wiphala (from the Aymara word “flag”) is a symbol
of the Aymara people in Bolivia. It consists of forty-nine small
squares in the colours of the rainbow.

The origin of the design is uncertain. Archaeological

theories say it may a symbol from the Incas. Rainbow patterns were used in
symbols of the Inca state.

The flag has become a recognizable Amerindian symbol in the political

struggles of the indigenous nations of the American continent (Ecuador, Peru,
Bolivia, and Chile).

In Bolivia, the Wiphala is visible in all kinds of public demonstrations,

political actions, and civil resistance by the Aymara and Quechua population.
The great explosion in the use of the Wiphala coincides with the rural
mobilizations and indigenous movements in Bolivia in the 1970’s.

SOCIAL DESIGNS NOTES - 13 June 2005

Adapted from and available at: <https://backspace.com/notes/2005/06/the-wiphala.php>

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WHILE-READING SECTION

7. In pairs, complete the table below with information from the text.

Number and colour

of squares

Origin

Symbol of…

Use in the 1970’s

Present use

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 Latin American National Flags
LANGUAGE FOCUS: Descriptions: nationalities, shapes and colours

This is the Argentine flag. It is light blue and white. It has a sun in
the middle.

8. Do you know these flags? Where are they from? You have a map to help you!

a) This is ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

b) This is ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

c) This is ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

d) This is ______________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

e) This is ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

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f) This is ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

g) This is ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

h) This is ___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

REFERENCE MAP: This map will help

you. You can as well complete with the

names of the countries

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FOCUS ON VOCABULARY: Primary, secondary and other colours

1. What do you call the primary colours in English? Repeat after your teacher:

This is BLUE

This is YELLOW

This is RED

2. And the secondary colours?

This is ORANGE
(Red and _________ )

This is PURPLE
(Blue and __________ )

This is GREEN

(Yellow and ___________ )

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3. And more colours! Which primary or secondary colours do you need to get these?

This is WHITE
(all colours-achromatic)

This is BLACK
(Absence of light)

This is LIGHT BLUE

(Blue and ___________ )

This is LIGHT GREEN

(Green and __________ )

This is VIOLET
(Blue and ____________ )

This is BROWN
(Red and ____________ )

This is GREY
(Black and ___________ )

What is your favourite colour? ________________________________

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FOCUS ON VIDEO WATCHING: The Wiphala

Pre-listening/viewing
1. Consider these pictures from the video we are going to watch. What information can you

advance?

Original videos available at:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fWcCHkxxIvs
https://youtu.be/xywiB2rszL0
Edited video available at: https://youtu.be/qcbynV1-5Rs

2. Why are there four wiphalas? What is the

difference between them?

3. What language is the girl using? Guess!

a. Spanish
b. Aymara
c. English

4. Watch the video complete once and check your predictions!

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While-listening/viewing Part I
5. Are these statements TRUE or FALSE?

a. Bolivia is a country in central South America. _________

b. Bolivia has 2 (two) flags. __________

c. The Inca empire was divided into 5 (five) regions. _________

d. The 4 (four) Wiphalas have a different distribution of colours. ________

e.

6. Regions and different colours. Complete with the correct colour:

a. The Antisuyu wiphala has ________________________ in the middle.

b. The Chinchasuyu wiphala has __________________________ in the middle.

c. The Kuntisuyu wiphala has ________________________ in the middle.

d. The Qullasuyu wiphala has __________________________ in the middle.

7. What is your favourite wiphala? _________________________________________________________________

While-listening/viewing Part II
8. Circle the correct alternative/s:

a. Bolivians use the wiphala for: 1) solidarity parties 2) public celebrations 3) protests

b. The flag is: 1) a symbol for the country 2) not important 3) a symbol for Europe

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INTEGRATION ACTIVITY: Design your own flag to represent your school. Write a suitable
description for it. You can work in groups.
This is …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
It is …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… with….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
It is a symbol of …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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FOCUS ON LANGUAGE: Personal pronouns and the verb ‘to be’

1. These are the personal pronouns in English. Match them with the correct picture. Your
teacher will help you:

ATTENTION!!!!

Can you explain this symbol? In English it is THEY

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2. This is how we conjugate the verb ‘to be’ in English. Read after your teacher:

I AM YO SOY/ESTOY
YOU ARE VOS SOS/ESTÁS
HE IS ÉL ES/ESTÁ
SHE IS ELLA ES/ESTÁ
IT IS ÉL-ELLA-ESO-ES/ESTÁ
WE ARE NOSOTROS SOMOS/ESTAMOS
YOU ARE USTEDES SON/ESTÁN
THEY ARE ELLOS SON/ESTÁN

FOCUS ON SPEAKING: Introducing oneself and other people

3. Let´s see some examples:

Hello! I am Wos.
/ My name is Wos.
I’m from Argentina.

This is my friend Cazzu.

She is from Argentina

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4. Now, it’s your turn. Introduce yourself in English and introduce a friend:

Hello, I am __________________________________
Hello, my name is _____________________________
I’m from ___________________________________

This is my friend ________________________________

He /She is from _________________________________

5. Time to play! Guessing game! Who are they? In turns or teams,

follow the example:

This is Nacho Levy. A)

He is from La Graganta Poderosa, Argentina.

B) C)

D) E)

F)

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FOCUS ON READING

Pre-reading activities: choose the correct option for each item

1. Look at the text and pay attention to the pictures:
a. This is a poem
b. This is an informative institutional text
c. This is an email

Child labour and Basic Education in Latin America

UNICEF estimates indicate that 152 million children around the world
engage in exploitative work. Urgent action to eliminate child labour by 2025
is absolutely necessary. To help achieve this goal, UNICEF conducts actions
to identify effective policies to eliminate child labour and improve education
outcomes.
Adapted from and available at: https://www.unicef-irc.org/research/child-labour/

2. Pay attention to the source and the title. What is ‘Child labour’ and what is UNICEF 1?
a. United Nations refer to children’s exploitation and education in Latin America
b. Small children love working
c. Small children work for United Nations

1
United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund

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3. Your teacher will read the text now. Underline all the information you can recognize.
More than one option can be correct:
a. ‘Labour’ and ‘work’ are synonyms
b. Children in the world are exploited
c. UNICEF are happy
d. UNICEF consider child labour must be eliminated
e. Education for children not work

While-reading activity: Are these ideas TRUR OR FALSE? Discuss your ideas in groups:

a. Millions of children around the world work and this is not good. ______

b. Elimination of children’s exploitation is urgent. _______

c. The impact of child labour is negative for education. _______

d. UNICEF proposes the elimination of children’s exploitation. ______

e. 2025 children are exploited in Latin America. _______

After-reading activity: Critical thinking.

STOP CHILD LABOUR CAMPAIGN! In pairs, design attractive drawings to raise awareness

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FOCUS ON VOCABULARY AND LANGUAGE: Occupations & professions

JOBS AND OCCUPATIONS: Can you discover the word

in English? There is ana example to help you.

O K O C
COOK
She’s a cook

R E N S U
_______________________

She’s a ________________

E A W R T I
____________________________

He’s a _____________________

N E L T I R C A E I C
_____________________________________________

He’s an _________________________________

R C D O T O
__________________________

She’s a _________________

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 O P H S T T A A S S T N I S
________________________________________________________________

She’s a _____________________________________________________

G P E O T H O R A H P
_________________________________________________

She’s a _______________________________________________

M L U E R P B
___________________________

She’s a ______________________

H T R A E C E
______________________________

He’s a ________________________

C S T A E S R N D A R N E I S G
_____________________________ ______________ ________________________

She’s an ______________________ ________ a __________________________

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 TIME TO PLAY – GUESSING GAME
1. You can play in pairs or teams. The first to complete that blanks with the correct job or
occupation is the winner. There are clues to follow:
2. What do they do?

a. He’s a _____________________________________

b. She’s an __________________________________

c. They are _________________________________

d. They are _________________________________

e. She’s a ___________________________________

f. He’s a ____________________________________

AND THE WINNER IS…..

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FOCUS ON SPEAKING: age and numbers

MAKING NEW FRIENDS: Read the following dialogue and

get ready to make new friends in the class!

Hi! My name is Hello! I’m

Alejandro. What’s Gisela. Where
your name? are you from?

I’m from I’m Argentine

Buenos Aires, too. My family
Argentina. are from
What about Paraguay.
you?

I’m fourteen. I’m thirteen years

old. How old are
you?

1. Get together in pairs and introduce yourselves in English! Include NAME – NATIONALITY
– AGE. Follow the example. You can record your conversations and have fun!

NOTE: If you need help, you can consult the numbers in English on the following page.

THE NUMBERS

2. Practice saying the numbers in English. You can first

repeat after your teacher. Which ones did you know
already?

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 How do you say the numbers in English?

1 ONE 20 TWENTY
2 TWO 21 TWENTY ONE
3 THREE 30 THIRTY
4 FOUR 32 THIRTY TWO
5 FIVE 40 FORTY
6 SIX 43 FORTY THREE
7 SEVEN 50 FIFTY
8 EIGHT 54 FIFTY FOUR
9 NINE 60 SIXTY
10 TEN 65 SIXTY FIVE
11 ELEVEN 70 SEVENTY
12 TWELVE 76 SEVENTY SIX
13 THIRTEEN 80 EIGHTY
14 FOURTEEN 87 EIGHTY SEVEN
15 FIFTEEN 90 NINETY
16 SIXTEEN 98 NINETY EIGHT
17 SEVENTEEN 100 ONE HUNDRED
18 EIGHTEEN 105 ONE HUNDRED AND FIVE
19 NINETEEN 1490 ONE THOUSAND FOUR HUNDRED AND NINETY

ARE YOU TEENAGERS? YES!

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RETURN MATCH! – READY – STEADY – GOOOOO!!!

Complete the blanks with the correct numbers:

128 ______________________________________________________

49 _______________________________________________________

18 ________________________________________________________

12.324 _____________________________________________________

799 _______________________________________________________

6 _________________________________________________________

7.302 _____________________________________________________

95 ________________________________________________________

WRITE THE NAME OF THE NEW

CHAMPON HERE

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