Ma.

Trisha Lyn DL Medina

BSMA 2-2

1. What is the basis of quality for products which performance is dwelt on

accuracy? Explain provide an example.
It is easier to sell the products at first hand but it's harder to maintain the
continuation of its sale. Thus, we must ensure that the products we sell are graded with
quality. A product is said to be of quality if it satisfies the customer, serves its purpose,
and meets industry standards. But what is the basis of quality for products in which
performance has dwelt on accuracy?
A good basis to test whether a product has a good quality or not is the Eight
Dimensions of Product Quality proposed by Professor David A. Garvin. The eight
dimensions stated are performance, aesthetics, special features, conformance,
reliability, durability, perceived quality, and serviceability. The performance criteria is a
test of whether the product serves its purpose or not, or maybe, exceeds the customers'
expectations of it. It is measured by how a product performed based on its operability.
For instance, you bought a television that you saw in an advertisement for P30,000.00.
It was stated in the advertisement that it is a 50 inches smart TV and because it was on
sale, you didn't hesitate to buy it. Upon its arrival, you didn't waste time, you set it up
and then opened it. You've observed that it opened smoothly and its screen resolution
exceeded your expectations. You've tried to connect it to your internet then proceeded
to YouTube and Netflix and it worked better than you thought it would. Basically, it
serves its purpose because it performed just how it should. In fact, it exceeded your
anticipations. Second, aesthetics also play a role in determining a product's quality.
Aesthetics is what impression a consumer has while using the product. Consumers can
see this using their senses- how it looks like, how it sounds, how it feels, how it smells,
and sometimes, how it tastes. The television that you've bought appeared to be thin,
which is up to your taste. The remote that it came with also has a size that feels just
right for you because of its texture. It also arrived in the color matte black, which you like
the most. Next on the list is special features. Special features are like add-ons to the
product a consumer purchases. Because you are one of the first ten customers who
bought the television, the television comes with a 5-month Netflix account premium.
This freebie is a special feature because it is not the purpose of the product but merely
an extra to complement its purpose. Conformance correlates with the performance
category because it measures how the product corresponds to the specifications stated
or promised with the product. If you've found out that the television that you've bought
only has a 720p resolution when it vowed to have 1080p, then the conformance
category is not satisfied. Reliability is the measure of the consistency of the product's
usage and its promised performance while durability is how long the product can
function or be used. If five years after you've bought the television and it functions the
same way as it did as if you've just bought it, or with just minimal changes, then the
product is reliable. If the television is said to have a product life of 10 years and it is
proved that it indeed serves its purpose until 10 years or more, then the television is
durable. Perceived quality is how consumers view the product. It is the product's image
to the public and can come from reviews of past consumers or a word of mouth from the
consumers' acquaintances. The manufacturer of the television you've bought is well-
known for its quality and durable gadgets and appliances and that's one of the reasons
you bought the product aside from the fact that it was sale. Because of its reputation,
you unconsciously trust the company so you didn't hesitate to buy it even if it's an online
purchase. Lastly, serviceability is also a basis of quality. Serviceability is how the
company or manufacturers handles complaints or repairs requested to them. In a way, it
also shows how these companies take care of their consumers and also improve the
seller-consumer relationship. If by instance, it was your first time purchasing a smart
television and you've encountered a problem. You have no one to ask so you decided to
call the company's service hotline, which is free of charge, and they guided you to fix
the problem, then the product has the characteristics of serviceability.
All in all, it is important that when manufacturers or companies produce a
product, they always try to put their feet in the consumers' shoes. In that way, they will
be able to see what the consumers need, what they want, and what they expect. Hence,
the quality of these products produced will also be aligned to what they have perceived
should it have.

2. What is the relationship between production process and layout design in as

far as cost is concern? Explain and provide one example.
Costs are, by definition, the monetary value given up for something with the hope
that the benefits will outweigh the costs. Costs must be kept to a minimum in order for
an organization to gain profit, which is why all organization starts to do business.
Production process and layout design, then, must be carefully studied and considered.
A major factor in reducing costs associated with producing goods or providing
services is layout design and production process. To start, the production process is the
process or method of converting raw materials, labor, and capital into something with
value. Layout design, on the other hand, is the arrangement of resources like equipment
and facilities and can be compared to a floor plan. Like how a floor plan smoothens the
work of an engineer because of its determined and precise output, layout design also
makes the production process smoother. The layout design tells how a product should
be produced, what process should it take, how long, how many, and at what cost.
Hence, layout design is within the process of production.
For instance, a manufacturing company producing ice cream has a repetitive
product layout design that uses machinery. Its layout states that station 1 will be mixing
the raw materials, which will be led by the workers, and from station 2 to station 5,
equipment will do the converting process, and finally on station 6, it will be checked and
packed by the workers. From the raw materials used to the ice cream we see in the
department stores, this company mainly employs machines or equipment throughout its
production process. The product undergoes different stages and with different machines
but with a continuous process. Using these machines as a primary producing means
lessens the costs such as handling costs and workers' salaries had the company
depended on its workers because the company wouldn't need to employ many workers.
This will also increase the rate and pace of production because the process to convert
the raw materials into products is standardized. A company manufacturing an ice cream
that has a well-made layout design also utilizes both the equipment and its workers,
reducing opportunity costs had the equipment and workers in idle and establishing a
routine incorporating a smoother production as compared to the early years of
producing the same product. Layout design can also eliminate the risks of producing
spoiled units because of its machine-dependency and therefore eliminating its costs.
When a company, like the ice cream manufacturing company, established and
employed a good layout design, the production process can also be expected to run
smoothly. Because of the well-planned layout design and production process, costs will
be minimized and controlled because we can eliminate unnecessary costs attributable
to the products or services.
Production process and costs have a direct relationship with each other and
since layout design is within the production process, ignoring it will also affect costs. If
an organization employs layout design, costs of producing products will be lower and
therefore increasing profit as the product will be sold at a lower price. Hence, a good
production process includes inexpensive materials, efficient workers, and a well-made
layout design.