ENGLISH 10

Q3 WEEK 6
Ms. Darizzeth S. Gelle
English Teacher
OPENING PRAYER
God, our source of all strength and inspiration, we praise
You for the gift of another day. Grant us pardon for the
times when we failed to celebrate the meaning of a new
beginning. Thank You for despite this crisis, we continue
to be blessed with Your saving grace. Send forth Your
spirit so that we may continue building our nation
through education. We lift all these prayers in your
mighty name, Jesus, Amen.
_E__E_
GENDER
H__T___
HISTORY
B__G_A___
BIOGRAPHY
__A_E_
READER
 Quarter 3 Week 6:
Critical Approaches to Literature
(Feminist, Historical-Biographical
& Reader-Response)
 Most Essential Learning Competencies
(MELCs) for Quarter 3
1. Compose an argumentative essay
2. Use a variety of informative, persuasive, and argumentative writing
techniques
3. Compose an independent critique of a chosen selection
4. Critique a literary selection based on the following approaches:
- structuralist/formalist
- moralist
- Marxist
- feminist
- historical-biographical
- reader-response
In the previous lessons, you have learned about
Formalist/Structuralist, Moralist, and Marxist
Approaches.

Formalist Moralist Marxist

structure & moral values & social struggle
elements ethics & social class
A literary piece cannot be
sufficiently interpreted
with a single approach.

It can be interpreted
through a combination of
various approaches.
 CRITICAL APPROACHES TO LITERATURE
1. Formalist/Structuralist Approach
2. Moralist Approach
3. Marxist Approach
4. Feminist Approach
5. Historical-Biographical Approach
6. Reader-Response Approach
FEMINISM
 FEMINIST APPROACH
• It is views gender relationships of characters in
the story.
• It is an approach in literature that focuses on how
women are represented in various texts.
• It advocates gender equality especially towards
women.
• It also examines how some aspects of our culture
are inherently patriarchal or male dominated.
 How to use the Feminist Approach?
• Look how female characters are perceived in the
text.
• Analyze how women are being portrayed in the
story.
• FOCUS ON THE GENDER RELATIONSHIP AND
GENDER EQUALITY
 QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER:
Feminist Lens:
• Is the author male or female?
• Is the text narrated by a male or female?
• What types of roles do women have in the text?
• Are the female characters the protagonists or secondary
and minor characters?
• What are the attitudes toward women held by the male
characters?
• What is the author’s attitude toward women in society?
 An adventurous teenager sails out on a
daring mission to save her people. During
her journey, Moana meets the once-mighty
demigod Maui, who guides her in her quest
to become a master way-finder. Together
they sail across the open ocean on an
action-packed voyage, encountering
enormous monsters and impossible odds.
Along the way, Moana fulfills the ancient
quest of her ancestors and discovers the
one thing she always sought: her own
identity.
 Sample Feminist Approach on Disney’s Moana
Disney’s Moana introduces a female lead character who is more
empowered than a male character. It features a strong-willed female
character who wants to write her own destiny amidst the life that
awaits her. Moana serves as a feminist model that celebrates gender
equality, humanity, and cultural differences. While many young girls
are dreaming to be like Cinderella or Snow-White waiting for a prince
charming to bring happiness and love in their lives, why not be like
Moana who is not afraid to be alone and independent while saving the
entire world. What the world needs now are women who are brave
enough to stand for their rights and fight for the equality that
everyone deserves to have.
HISTORICAL-BIOGRAPHICAL
 HISTORICAL-BIOGRAPHICAL APPROACH
• It sees literature as both a reflection and a product of
the times and circumstances in which it is written.
• It states that to understand a literary work, we need
to understand the author’s biography and social
background, ideas circulating at the time, and the
cultural milieu.
• Its goal is to understand how people in the past
thought and felt.
How to use the Historical-Biographical Approach?
• Look at the author’s background.
• Identify the time/period when the text
was written.
• Analyze the socio-political issues when it
was written.
A seemingly normal man retells an event as if he was
in a good state of mind. He grew up loving animals.
However, as time went by, he grows into a moody
alcoholic. One day, he hangs one of his cats when it
bites him on the hand. When his house catches fire and
burns down, he seems to be haunted by the ghost of
the cat that he hung following the fire. He asks his wife
to help him kill the new (ghost) cat. Unfortunately, he
strikes his wife’s hand with an axe. Then, he started
killing his own wife and hides the body in the basement
wall. The cat goes into the wall without the man’s
knowledge. Soon after, the police discovered the body
due to the cat’s meowing.
 Sample Historical Approach
“The Black Cat” is a story written by Edgar Allan Poe which tells about
a man and his wife who loved their pet. The man married early and had a
happy life with his wife. However, as time went by, he became an alcoholic.
The habit of drinking alcohol made him became brutal murderer which led
him to kill his cat and his wife. Meanwhile, Edgar Allan Poe was also
married in young age. He married his wife who was fourteen years old at
that time and they are pet lovers. He was also known as an alcoholic. He
was a reputedly uncontrollable drunk throughout his lifetime. By the
analysis, we can conclude that the man’s character in the story has same
character with Edgar Allan Poe. Both of them married early, had pets, and
are alcoholic. Poe reflects some part of his life in “The Black Cat”. So, the
life of the author affects the work that he wrote.
READER-RESPONSE
 READER-RESPONSE APPROACH
• It states that literature may be judged according
to how the reader perceives it instead of what the
author intends.
• The text itself has no meaning until it is read by a
reader. The reader creates the meaning.
• It recognizes that different people view works
differently and that people’s interpretation
changes over time.
 READER-RESPONSE APPROACH
• It states that we each bring our own personal
experiences to the reading of literature.

• Reader response asks the reader to make

personal connections to the text by asking and
answering questions about the text that are
meaningful to us personally.
 How to use the Reader-Response?
• Explore why you like or dislike the story.
• Explain whether you agree or disagree
with the author.
• Identify the reading's purpose.
• Critique the text.
 There is NO RIGHT OR WRONG
answer to a reader response.
Nonetheless, it is important that you
demonstrate an understanding of
the reading and clearly explain and
support your reactions.
 Sample Reader-Response to Cinderella
A 5-Year Old Child An Adult
Cinderella is a good role model Cinderella is an anti-feminist
because she does what she is story because of the
ordered to do and remains happy. representation of gender
Some scenes like when the inequality through patriarchy and
stepsisters tear her dress may objectification. She is depicted as
seem a bit scary but everything dependent and passive character
turns out happy in the end. who needs the presence of a
prince to be saved and rescued.
 LITERARY APPROACHES
Formalist Moralist Marxist
structure & moral values & social struggle &
elements ethics social class

Feminist Historical-Biograp Reader-Response

hical
gender roles & author’s biography reader’s
relationships & social self-intepretation
background
Tasks in Asynchronous Session
 Q3 W6. LEARNING TASK 1 10 points

Directions: Read each item carefully and

write the letter of the most appropriate
answer on your answer sheet.
Q3 W6. PERFORMANCE TASK 4 20 points
Directions: Read and carefully analyze the selection
entitled, “The Hunchback of Notre Dame” by Victor
Hugo. Then, critique the given selection using any of the
following approaches: FEMINIST,
HISTORICAL-BIOGRAPHICAL or READERRESPONSE
APPROACH.
Write your analysis in 100 to 150 words.
Q3 W6. PERFORMANCE TASK 4 20 points
The Hunchback of Notre Dame by
Victor Hugo is set in Paris during the
15th century. The story centres on
Quasimodo, the deformed bell ringer
of Notre-Dame Cathedral, and his
unrequited love for the beautiful
dancer La Esmeralda. La Esmeralda,
born Agnès, is perceived to be a
French Roma girl.
Q3 W6. PERFORMANCE TASK 4 20 points
Recap of the Asynchronous Tasks
(Google Classroom)
1. Learning Task – 10 points
2. Performance Task 4 – 20 points
3. Reflection
THANKS!
Stay Safe!