A Generalized Subclass of P-VALENT Analytic Functions

10 V May 2022
https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43497
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue V May 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
A Generalized Subclass of p-VALENT Analytic

Functions
Jitendra Awasthi
Department of Mathematics, S.J.N.P.G. College, Lucknow-226001
Abstract: In this paper, a class  p , ( ,  ,  , k ) of functions F analytic in the unit disk U={z:|z|<1} of the form

F ( z)  z p   a p t z p t , (p, n  N, a p t  0 for t  n) is considered. Coefficient inequality, distortion theorem, extreme
t n
points, starlikeness and convexity for this class are obtained.
Keywords: Analytic functions, p-valent functions, extreme points, radii of starlikeness and convexity.
2010 AMS Subject classification: Primary 30C45.
I. INTRODUCTION
Let  p , n denotes the class of p-valent analytic functions in the unit disk U={z:|z|<1} which are of the form

(1.1) F ( z)  z p   a p t z p t , p,n  N, a p t  0 .
t n
n
A function P ( z )  p  p n z  ....., ( n  1) analytic in U is said to be in  p ,n ( ) if
(1.2) P ( z )  p < ( p   ) , 0   < p, z  U .

Alternatively, in terms of subordination, it is said that P(z) is in  p ,n ( ) if
(1.3) P( z)  p  ( p   ) z
where ‘’ stands for subordination which is defined by saying that F is subordinate to G written as F  G if F(z) = G(ɸ(z)), zU for
some analytic functions ɸ (z) such that
ɸ (0) = 0 and | ɸ (z)| < 1 for zU.
Now, a class criterion Mp,n(,,,k) whose members P(z) = p + pnzn … (n1), analytic in U satisfy the condition
k  ( k  2  )  z
(1.4) P( z) 
1  ( 2   1)  z
p (p  k)
with 1  2 2, 2< k  p, 0 < 1 and 0   <  is considered.
2 
Equivalently (1.4) can be written as:
P( z)  k
(1.5) 
(2  1) P( z)  (k  2 )
Note that Mp,n(,1,1/2,p) Mp,n() and Mp,n(,,,p) Mp,n(,,).
F ' ( z)
On putting P(z) = in (1.5) it follows that
z p 1
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F ' ( z)
k
z p 1 ,
(1.6) F ' ( z) F(z)  p , n .
(2  1) p1  (k  2 )
z
The class of such functions F(z) satisfying (1.6) is denoted by  p , ( ,  ,  , k ) and
 p,n(, , , p)   p,n(, , ).
Clearly, these classes are more general than the classes studied by Gupta and Jain [2,3], Aouf [1], Juneja–Mogra [4], Thirupathi
Reddy [6] and Kulkarni, Aouf, Joshi [5] etc.
In this paper, coefficient inequalities, distortion theorem, closure theorem, radii of starlikeness and convexity for the class  p,n(,
, , k) are obtained.
II. COEFFICIENT INEQUALITIES:

Theorem 2.1: A function F(z)Tp,n is in the class  p,n(, , , k) if and only if

{2 ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )}
(2.1)  ( p  t )a
tn
p t 
1  ( 2  1)
.
The result is sharp, the extremal function being

{2  ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )} p  t
(2.2) F (z)  z p  z for t  n.
( p  t ){1  ( 2   1)  }
Proof: Let F(z)  p,n(, , , k), then
F ' ( z)
k
z p1
F ' ( z)
(2  1) p 1  (k  2 )
z

( p  k )   ( p  t )a pt z t
tn
 
.
t
{(2  1)p  ( k  2)}  ( 2  1) ( p  t )z
tn
–
On letting z  1 through real values, it gives

( p  k )   ( p  t )a p  t
t n

 {( 2  1) p  ( k  2 )}   ( 2  1)  ( p  t )a p  t
tn
or,

2 ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )
 ( p  t )a
tn
p t 
1  ( 2  1)
.
Conversely, let (2.1) holds, then for |z| = 1

| F ' ( z ) z 1 p  k |   | ( 2   1) F ' ( z ) z 1 p  ( k  2  ) |

 ( p  k )   ( p  t )a p t
tn

 {2  1) p  ( k  2 )}   ( 2  1)  ( p  t )a p  t
t n

 {1  {( 2  1)} ( p  t )a p  t  2 ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )
tn
 0.
The result is sharp for function given by (2.2).
Corollary 2.2: For k = p, F(z)  p,n(, , , p) if and only if

2 ( p   ) p
 ( p  t )a
tn
p t 
1   ( 2  1)
, 0
2
,
0 < 1, 1  2 2.
For n = 1, the result of Kulkarni et.al. [5] follows.
Corollary 2.3: For k = p and  = 1, F(z)  p,n(, , 1, p) if and only if

2 ( p   )
 ( p  t )a
tn
p t 
1 
, 0  < p, 0 <  1.
For n = 1,  = 1, the result of Juneja and Mogra [4] follows.

For n = 1, p = 1, the result of Gupta and Jain [3] follows.
1  1 
Corollary 2.4: For k = p,  , F ( z )   p ,n   ,  , , p  , if and only if
2  2 

(1  ) ( p   ) p
 ( p  t )a
tn
pt 
1  
, 0
2
.
For n = 1, the result of Thirupathi Reddy [6] follows.
III. DISTORTION THEOREM

Theorem 3.1: If F(z)  p,n(,,,k), then for |z| = r < 1
 2 ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )  pn
(3.1) rp  r | F ( z) |
 ( p  n){1   (2  1)} 
 2(p  )  (p  k )(1  )  pn
 rp   r .
 (p  n){1  (2  1)} 
and
 2 ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )  pn1
(3.2) pr p1   r | F ' ( z) |
 {1   ( 2  1)} 
 2(p  )  (p  k)(1  )  pn1

 pr p1   r .
 {1  ( 2  1)} 
Proof: From Theorem 2.1, it follows that


 2(p  )  (p  k)(1  ) 
(3.3) a p t  .
t n  (p  n){1  (2  1)} 
Hence

| F ( z ) | r   a p  t r p  t
p
t n
 2(p  )  (p  k )(1  )  pn

 rp   r
 (p  n){1  (2  1)} 
and

| F ( z ) | r p   a p  t r p  t
t n
 2(p  )  (p  k )(1  )  pn

 rp   r .
 (p  n){1  (2  1)} 
Hence (3.1) follows.
In the same way, it follows that

| F ' ( z ) | pr p 1   ( p  t ) a p  t r p  t 1
t n
 2(p  )  (p  k )(1  )  pn 1

 pr p1   r
 {1  (2  1)} 
and

| F ' ( z ) | pr p 1   ( p  t ) a p  t r p  t 1
tn
 2(p  )  (p  k )(1  )  pn 1

 pr p1   r .
 {1  ( 2  1)} 
This completes the proof of the theorem.
The above bounds are sharp. Equalities can be attained for the function
 2 ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )  pn
(3.4) F ( z)  z p    z , z  r .
 ( p  n){1   (2  1)} 
IV. CLOSURE THEOREMS

Theorem 4.1: If F(z)  p,n(, , , k) and G ( z )  z p   b p t z pt are also in
tn
1 
p
 p,n(,,,k), then H ( z )  z   ( a p t  b p t ) z p t is also in  p,n(,,,k).
2 t n
Proof: Since F(z) and G(z) both belong to  p,n(, , , k), then from Theorem 2.1

(4.1) {1  ( 2  1)} ( p  t )a p  t  2( p   )  ( p  k )(1   ) .
t n
and

(4.2) {1  ( 2  1)} ( p  t ) b p  t  2 ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   ) .
tn
So for H(z), it follows that

1
{1  ( 2  1)} ( p  t )( a p  t  b p  t )
2 tn
 2(p  )  (p  k )(1  ) .
Using (4.1) and (4.2). Therefore, H(z)  p,n(, , , k).
V. EXTREME POINTS
p
Theorem 5.1: Let F n 1 ( z )  z and
 2 ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )  p t
Ft ( z )  z p    z , t n then F(z)  p,n(,,,k) if and only if it can be expressed in
 ( p  t ){1   (2  1)} 
the form
 
F ( z)   t Ft ( z ) , where t  0 and
t  n 1

t  n 1
t  1.
Proof: Suppose
 
p  2 ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )  pt
F ( z)    F (z) z   
t n1
t t
t n  ( p  t ){1   (2  1)} 
t z ,
then

{2( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )}
 (p  t)
tn ( p  t ){1  ( 2  1)}
t
{2( p   )  ( p  k )(1  )}

 .
1  ( 2  1)
Thus, by Theorem 2.1, F(z)  p,n(, , , k).
Conversely, suppose F(z)  p,n(, , , k). Hence, by Theorem 2.1, it follows that
2( p  )  ( p  k )(1  )
a p t  , tn
( p  t ){1  ( 2  1)}
Setting
( p  n ){1  ( 2  1)}
n  a p n , n  1,2,...
2( p   )  ( p  k )(1  )
and

 n 1  1    n .
tn
It follows that

F ( z)    F ( z ).
t  n 1
t t
This completes the proof.

The extreme points for the class  p,n(, , , k) are given by
p
F n 1 ( z )  z
and
 2  ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )  p  t
Ft ( z )  z p    z , t n .
 ( p  t ){1   ( 2   1)} 
VI. RADIUS OF STARLIKENESS:

Theorem 6.1: If F(z)  p,n(, , , k), then the function F(z) is startlike in the disk
0 < |z| < r = r(, , , k, n) where
1/ n
 p{1  ( 2  1)} 
r ( , , , k, n )  inf   ,nN
nN 2 ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )
 
Proof: It is enough to show that
zF ' ( z )
 p  p for |z| < 1.
F ( z)
or,

  t a p t z t
zF ' ( z ) t n
p  
p
F (z) t
1   a p t z
t n
or,
 
t  t
 t a p t | z |  p 1   a p  t z 
tn  tn 
or,

pt
   a p t | z |t  1 .
tn  p 
But, Theorem 2.1 gives


2 ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )
 (p  t) a
tn
pt 
1   ( 2  1)
.
Thus, F(z) is starlike if

1/ n
 p[1  ( 2  1)] 
| z |   , n  1,2,... .
 2( p   )  ( p  k )(1  ) 
VII. RADIUS OF CONVEXITY

Theorem 7.1:If F(z)  p,n(, , , k), then F(z) is convex in the disk 0 < |z| < r = r(, , , k, n), where
1/ n
 p 2 {1  ( 2  1)} 
r ( , , , k , n )  inf   n  1,2.. .
nN ( p  n )[ 2 ( p   )  ( p  k )(1   )]
 
Proof: Putting zF '(z) in place of F(z) in Theorem 6.1, the result follows.
REFERENCES
[1] Aouf, M.K., Certain classes of p-valent functions with negative coefficients II, Indian J. Pure Appl. 19(8) (1988), 761-767.
[2] Gupta, V.P. and Jain, P.K., Certain classes of univalent functions with negative coefficients, Bull. Austr. Math. Soc. Vol. 14(1976), 409-416.
[3] Gupta, V.P. and Jain, P.K., Certain classes of univalent functions with negative coefficients, Bull. Austr. Math. Soc. Vol. 15(1976), 467-473.
[4] Juneja, O.P. and Mogra, M.L., Radii of convexity for certain classes of univalent analytic functions, Pacific Jour. Math. 78, (1978), 359–368.
[5] Kulkarni, S.R., Aouf, M.K. and Joshi, S.B., On a subfamily of p–valent functions with negative coefficients, MATEMATИЧҠИ BECHИҠ 46(1994), 71–75.
[6] Thirupathi Reddy, P., Certain classes of p–valent functions with negative coffocients, Indian J. Pure Appl. Math. 430 (2001), 203—206.

A Generalized Subclass of P-VALENT Analytic Functions

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10 V May 2022

A Generalized Subclass of p-VALENT Analytic

(1.2) P ( z )  p < ( p   ) , 0   < p, z  U .

II. COEFFICIENT INEQUALITIES:

The result is sharp, the extremal function being

Conversely, let (2.1) holds, then for |z| = 1

For n = 1,  = 1, the result of Juneja and Mogra [4] follows.

For n = 1, the result of Thirupathi Reddy [6] follows.

III. DISTORTION THEOREM

 2(p  )  (p  k)(1  )  pn1

Proof: From Theorem 2.1, it follows that

 2(p  )  (p  k )(1  )  pn

 2(p  )  (p  k )(1  )  pn

 2(p  )  (p  k )(1  )  pn 1

 2(p  )  (p  k )(1  )  pn 1

{2( p   )  ( p  k )(1  )}

This completes the proof.

VI. RADIUS OF STARLIKENESS:

But, Theorem 2.1 gives

Thus, F(z) is starlike if

VII. RADIUS OF CONVEXITY

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