PICO concern regarding the administration of saline solution while endotracheal suctioning is being

performed.

In the context of the patient population, the question that is posed is, "Who is the patient or client, the
population that is in question?" (Elkins, 2010).

Under the heading of "Intervention," the question that is posed is, "What available interventions are
being taken into consideration?" (What are the accessible interventions?) i.e. In what sense may
treatment be said to have been utilized?

In the comparison stage, the question that is posed is, "What additional interventions outside the one
that was first considered should be taken into consideration, and how are they different from the
intervention that was initially considered?"

In the section under "Outcome," the following question is posed: "What is perceived or desired goals or
aims after putting the intervention treatment into practice?" (Elkins, 2010).

The following are some strategies that can be used to determine whether or not nurses and other
medical personnel are, in fact, adhering to the practices that are advised for endotracheal suctioning.

1. Determining whether or not nurses are performing endotracheal suctioning when it is only shown
that secretions have been determined to be present, or whether or not they are executing it routinely
despite the fact that it should not be conducted routinely; and 2. (Morrow, Futter, & Argent, 2004).

2. Determining whether or not the nurses are taking pre-oxygenation into consideration in the event
that the patient has a significant drop in oxygen levels as a result of suctioning.

3. Determining whether or whether the nurses are aware that the patient should not be unplugged from
the ventilator while suctioning is being performed, as was advised in the previous step (Morrow et al.,
2004).

4. Determining whether or whether the nurses are aware that the routine use of saline installation
should not be carried out prior to performing endotracheal suction.
5. Determining whether or not the nurses are aware that the amount of time spent performing a suction
should be kept to a minimum of fifteen seconds (Morrow et al., 2004).

6. Figuring out whether or not the nurses are aware that, according to the findings of research on
children and newborns, shallow inhalation is suggested rather than deep inhalation (Morrow et al.,
2004). All of these approaches will help to comprehend and figure out whether the nurses are sticking to
the required methods for endotracheal suctioning or whether they are deviating from the practices that
are recommended for healthcare professionals.

References

Elkins, M. Y. (2010). In order to answer clinical questions, we will use PICO and the brief report. Nursing,
40(4), 59–60.

The authors of the study were Morrow, B. M., Futter, M. J., and Argent, A. C. (2004). Endotracheal
suctioning: moving from theory to clinical application Intensive Care Medicine, 30(6), 1167–1174.