ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY(CE12101)

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
• Shreyas Kini (20194100) GROUP – C2
• Shrishti Singh (20191100)
• Shubham Raj (20198011)
• Somi Teez (20192068)
• Sonawane Poonam (20192064)
• Udayan Shukla (20193078)
• Vaibhav Tiwari (20191024)
• Vishnu Batla (20194006)
• Vivek Meena (20194105)
• Vivek Singh (20195152)
• Vivek Yadav (20191050)
• Yash Gautam (20199053)
• Yuvraj singh Gaur (20191034) INSTRUCTOR:
• Mishul Kumar (20188021) DR. Pramod soni
How is Geothermal Energy Generated?
• Temperatures hotter than the sun’s surface are
continuously produced inside the earth by a slow
decay of radioactive particles

• The most common method that scientists use to find

geothermal reservoirs is drilling a deep well and
testing the temperature deep underground.

• Steam or very hot water from deep within the earth

is piped to the surface and used as a heat source or
to produce electricity.

• Earth’s kinetic energy is converted into electricity.

 Energy Efficient and Cost Effective
• According to the
EPA, geothermal are
the most energy
efficient, cost
effective, and
environmentally
clean systems for
temperature control
 Uses and Goals
• Heat pumps – heat and cool building; melt snow
from roads and sidewalks

• Direct use applications – greenhouses, heat water

for fish farming, pasteurize milk, food
dehydration, gold mining

• Power plants – produce electricity

• Help mitigate global warming

 Where is Geothermal Energy Found?
• Found along major
plate boundaries where
earthquakes and
volcanoes are
concentrated
– Geysers
– Hot springs
– Fumaroles
– Geothermal reservoirs
 GEOTHERMAL EXPLORATION:A
case study from Dholera,Gujarat
ABSTRACT
Utilization of Geothermal resources is an alternate,
sustainable energy, which needs to be harnessed in
India. Exploration of the resource is the first step to
understand potential leads and prospects in the
subsurface. Dholera, Gujarat is a potential site for
geothermal exploration and exploitation, which is
the chosen study area. Dholera is located 30 km
away in southwest direction from Dhandhuka
village of Ahmedabad district and 60 km away in
north direction from city of Bhavnaga.
 GEOTHERMAL EXPLORATION:A case
study from Dholera,Gujarat
TECTONIC FRAMEWORK OF MAINLAND GUJARAT
Gujarat state carries distinction of diverse and unique combination of geological and
physiographic attributes. The interplay of geologic, tectonic and climate conditions
have resulted in three physiographic domains in the region, i.e., Mainland Gujarat,
Saurashtra Peninsula and Kachchh Peninsula. Saurashtra Peninsula has strong
tectonic control and is bounded on all sides by well established faults, namely the
Kim fault in the shelf of Saurashtra coast and Marginal faults in directional continuity
with Narmada rift system.

METHOD: REMOTE SENSING ANALYSIS

Remote sensing, also known as earth observation, enables us to obtain information about
objects or areas on Earth’s surface without being in direct contact with the object or area. The
goal of RS is to indicate surface indicators and give information about different hotsprings.
Detailed RS analysis was carried out to check land surface temperature and identify hot springs
in Gujarat as shown in the next slide.
 GEOTHERMAL EXPLORATION:A
case study from Dholera,Gujarat
CONCLUSION :

At Dholera geothermal site, extensive exploration activities

have been carried out to delineate the geothermal prospect.
The Landsat imagery study was carried out to identify the
target zones based on Low Vegetation Index and high land
surface temperature. Geochemical analysis of hot water from
Dholera spring was carried out to determine the physical and
chemical properties of water which is helpful to identify nature
of the geothermal reservoir.
 Geothermal Power Plants
• Require high
temperatures (300 F –
700 F) hydrothermal
resources that may either
come from dry steam
wells or hot water wells

• There are three types of

geothermal power plants:
dry steam plants, flash
steam plants, and binary
cycle power plants
 Geothermal Power Plants and the
Environment
• Geothermal power plants
do not burn fuel to generate
electricity so their emission
levels are very low
• Release less that 1% of
carbon dioxide emissions of
a fossil fuel plant
• Use scrubber systems to
clean the air of hydrogen
sulfide
• Emits 97% less acid rain-
causing sulfur compounds
than fossil fuel plants
 Advantages
• Very high efficiency/high net yield
• Very reliable (runs 24 hrs. a day)
• Very clean – no air pollution or GHGs
• Renewable and sustainable
• Conserves fossil fuels
• Can help decrease dependence of foreign oil
• No transportation involved
 Disadvantages
• Can’t provide our current energy needs
• Can only be used in certain geologically active
areas
• Water contains minerals that can be corrosive
and difficult to dispose of safely
• Harmful gases can escape from deep within the
earth
• Piping system requires large areas of land
• Initial costs can be high
THANK YOU