Structure Review Report

16/08/2020

Interactive Awareness
Center
MECHINCAL
DESIGN CRITERIA
Saudi Food TECHNICAL
and Drug Authority
REPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 Date:
23/12/2020

4.2 Mechanical Design Criteria

4.2.1 Plumbing system.
4.2.1.1 Introduction.
4.2.1.2 Codes of Practice and Design Standards.
4.2.1.3 Water Supply Systems.
4.2.1.4 Drainage System.
4.2.2 HVAC system.
4.2.2.1 Introduction.
4.2.2.2 General Requirements.
4.2.2.3 Load Calculation and Design Consideration.
4.2.2.4 A/C system.
4.2.2.5 Ventilation System.
4.2.2.6 Duct Works.
4.2.2.7 Air Distribution (Grilles and Diffusers).
4.2.3 Firefighting system
4.2.3.1 Introduction.
4.2.3.2 Codes of Practice and Design Standards.
4.2.3.3 Portable Fire Extinguishers
4.2.3.4 Automatic Sprinkler System.
4.2.3.5 FM-200 System.

4.2 Mechanical Design Criteria

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The aim of this report is to outline the design Criteria for Mechanical Works systems, as
described hereinafter.

4.2.1 Plumbing System

4.2.1.1 INTRODUCTION:

The purpose of this section is to define the plumbing systems that will serve the project.
The main systems that will be described in follows items:
A. Domestic water supply system.
B. Drainage and vent system.

The Plumbing system shall include cold & hot water supply, sanitary drainage system and
other special plumbing system applicable for the project

4.2.1.2 Codes of Practice and Design Standards:

The design, installation and testing for Plumbing system shall be in accordance with the
following codes and standards:

 IPC : International Plumbing Code

 UPC               : Uniform plumbing codes.
 ASTM            : American Society of Testing & Materials
 ASPE : American Society of Plumbing Engineers
 IECC               : International Energy Conservation Code
 SBC : Saudi Building Code

4.2.1.3 WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS:

a. Water piping shall be sized based on the fixture unit demand with minimum residual
pressure of 20 PSI (to be verified with selected fixtures actual requirements), at most
remote fixture. Maximum velocity in the pipes shall be limited to 1.5 m/s. The water
hammer arrester shall be provided on Hot & Cold-water piping for each group of
fixtures to prevent noise & water surge noise.

Domestic Cold-Water System:

- Domestic Cold-Water supply will be obtained from the main water network through
an individual water meter in every floors.
- The existing booster pump set distribute domestic water to all the plumbing fixtures.

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- The sizing of the domestic water supply system will be based on fixture unit method
as per IPC-2018 table -604.3, Table-604.5, Table E103.3(2) and Table E 103.3(3)

• Maximum design flow velocity

- Mains 2.4 m/s

- Risers 2.0 m/s

• Pipe sizing (AS per Water Fixture unit utilized).

Hot Water System:

Domestic hot water system that shall be applied for the project shall be consisting of
individual Electrical water heater in the ceiling of Private toilets & kitchenette to provide the
hot water to the fixture requiring hot water supply.

Grey Water System:

- Grey Water supply will be obtained from the main water network in every floor to
flush tanks of Water closets.
- The sizing of the Grey water supply system will be based on fixture unit method same
table of IPC-2018 of Cold-Water Supply.

4.2.1.4 DRAINAGE SYSTEM:

a. The drainage system shall be collected by means of two pipes system

where soil and waste drainage are collected in separate drainage
pipe. System Piping shall be designed in accordance with the
International Plumbing Code (IPC).
b. Vent system for the drainage pipes will comprise of vent risers at every
shaft, in addition to relief vent connections where required as per
codes.
c. Sizing of the drainage and vent system will be based on the fixture unit
method in accordance with the national plumbing code handbook
(NPC), International Plumbing Code Handbook and the Uniform
Plumbing Codes as well as the local plumbing code.
d. Lavatories and sinks shall have their own P-Trap and normally drain to
the floor gulley drains, to avoid drying of the floor drain water seal.
Provision for the condensate drains connections shall be provided where
required.
f. The minimum slope of Horizontal Soil & waste pipes shall be 2% up to
3’’ and 1% for above 3” pipes, except otherwise indicated on design
Drawings or as per IPC-2018, Table -710.1(1).

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g. All floor drains in stores and Mechanical Rooms shall have deep seal
trap with priming line.

4.2.2 HVAC system:

4.2.2.1 INTRODUCTION:

To provide an efficient and controlled air-conditioning system utilizing the design criteria
between minimum and maximum limits, to meet the required air volumes and external
resistances.

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Air-conditioning shall mean and include all the processes necessary to bring space to the
required conditions, including cooling, dehumidifying, heating, space ventilation and dust
control.

4.2.2.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS:

Codes of Practice and Design Standards:

The design, installation and testing for air-conditioning and ventilation system shall be in
accordance with the following codes and standards:
 AMCA : Air Moving and Conditioning Association
 ARI : American Refrigeration Institute
 ASHRAE : American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-
conditioning Engineers
 ASTM : American Society for Testing and Materials
 ANSI                : American National Standards Institute.
 NEMA : National Electrical Manufacturers Association
 NFPA : National Fire Protection Association
 SMACNA : Sheet Metal and Air-Conditioning Contractor's National
Association. Inc.
 SASO : Saudi Arabian Standard Organization
 UBC : Uniform Building Code
 UMC : Uniform Mechanical Load
 UL : Underwriter’s Laboratories, Inc.
 ASME : American Society of Mechanical Engineers
 ADC              : Air Diffusion Council
 SBC                 : Saudi Building Code
4.2.2.3 Load Calculation and Space Design Consideration:

4.2.2.3.1 Load Calculation

We will use existing design load as per provided capacity and Air Flow Rate. Cooling Load
and air will be distributed as per assigned zone with terminal VAV unit.

4.2.2.3.2 Design Space Conditions:

In general, space conditions shall meet the required criteria as established in the
ASHRAE Standards-55-2017 or as per 2015 ASHRAE Handbook -HVAC
Application chapter -3, Table-2. In most of Space, below is recommended
temperature and Relative humidity : -
Cooling temperature: 23°±3°C DB

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Relative humidity: 50% ±10% RH

4.2.2.3.3 Sound Levels:
In general, the air conditioning system will be provided with noise control devices as
well as all plenum boxes will be internally lined with 25mm thick and 48 kg density
duct liner to achieve sound level as per ASHRAE HANDBOOK APPLICATION-
2015 Chapter-48 Table-1.

4.2.2.4 A/C SYSTEM:

Our Project will use Existing Air handling units (AHU) and Add Variable Air
Volume (VAV) units System as per space utilization.
4.2.2.5 VENTILATION SYSTEM:

 Private toilet Exhaust System will be designated to provide 10 air changes per hour or
25 L/S per water closet whichever is greater or as Per ASHRAE STANDARD-62.1.
 Private Toilet, Kitchenette, Copier, Janitor shall be ventilated by connecting of
Existing exhaust ducts and outlets connected to exhaust fans of the exhausting
outside.
 All enclosed spaces are ventilated to maintain an acceptable Indoor Air Quality
(IAQ).

4.2.2.6 DUCT WORKS:

 The ductwork sizing will be done in accordance with SMACNA standard based on
existing duct size by Equal Friction method.
 Duct work will be provided with the required volume dampers for proper balancing of
air system.
 Fabrication and installation of duct work shall be carried out as per SMACNA latest
edition.

4.2.2.7 AIR DISTRIBUTION (GRILLES AND DIFFUSERS):

 The type of diffusers or grilles selected for supply, return or extract applications
coordinated with Reflecting ceiling, arrangement of lighting, fittings, and general
aesthetic requirements are well defined.
 Air distribution and ductworks, air terminals, sound attenuation and air filtration shall
be strictly in accordance with applicable codes of ASHRAE and SMACNA to achieve
proper air distribution and specified noise criteria in the space. Ducts shall be sized
using equal friction method and air velocities in supply, return and exhaust ducts shall
be from 900 – 1500 FPM. The Air handling units (AHU) shall have a smoke
detection system as per NFPA codes and shall stop in case of fire.

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4.2.3 FIREFIGHTING SYSTEM:

4.2.3.1 INTRODUCTION:

The purpose of this section is to describe the outline of the firefighting systems that will be
adopted in the project.

Water based Firefighting System, including a Supervised and Automatic Sprinkler System
throughout the Project.

Where Water based fire protection is not applicable, then a Clean Agent Automatic Fire
Protection System shall be provided.

All buildings shall be provided with portable Fire Extinguishers in accordance with-
NFPA-10.

The fire protection systems shall be designed in accordance to the regulations of Local
Civil Defense requirements and NFPA regulations.

4.2.3.2 Codes of Practice and Design Standards:

The design, installation and testing for Firefighting system shall be in accordance with the
following codes and standards:

• NFPA 20           : Fire Pumps

• NFPA 24           : Fire Hydrant System
• NFPA 101         : Life Safety Code     
• Saudi fire local code/ local Civil defense regulations
• NFPA 1             : Fire Prevention Code.
• NFPA 10           : Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers. 
• NFPA 11           : Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam
• NFPA 13           : Installation of Sprinkler Systems.
• NFPA 13 A       : Recommended Practice for the Inspection, Testing and
Maintenance of Sprinkler Systems.
• NFPA 13 E        : Recommendations for Fire Department Operations in
Properties Protected by Sprinkler and Standpipe Systems.
• NFPA 14           : Standard for Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems.
• NFPA 17           : Standard for Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems. 
• NFPA 72           : National Fire Alarm Code.
• NFPA 1961       : Standard for Fire Hose.
• NFPA 1962       : Standard for the Care, Use and Service Testing of Fire Hose
Including Connections and Nozzles.

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• NFPA 1963       : Fire Hose Connections.

• NFPA 96       : Fire Protection for Hoods  
• NFPA 2001       : Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems.
• FM                    : Factory Mutual.
• UL                     : Underwriters Laboratory (UL).
•ASTM                 : American Society for Testing and Materials
•ASME                : American Society of mechanical Engineers
• SBC                     : Saudi Building Code.

4.2.3.3 PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS:

Portable dry chemical extinguishers shall be distributed throughout the building; having a
capacity adequate for occupant use, distributed at distances not exceeding 20m housed
inside dedicated cabinets or inside fire hose cabinets. Extinguisher cabinets to be recessed.

Kitchenette shall be provided with dry powder portable fire extinguisher(s) as per NFPA-
10 requirements.

Portable CO2 fire extinguishers will be provided inside Electrical & Data rooms, and
rooms with electronic equipment.

Must be put post signs to show the locations of fire extinguishers, particularly in large
floor areas where they could be easily blocked from view.

The signs should be large enough to be seen clearly from distance.

4.2.3.4 AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM:

The sprinkler system will be redistributed throughout Floors in accordance to the

recommendations of NFPA 13, and Local Civil Defense regulations.

Based on the function of the protected area; sprinklers will be distributed as ordinary
hazard.

4.2.3.5 FM-200 SYSTEM:

Special Hazard Occupancies such as Server Rooms, Control Rooms, Data Center, IT
Rooms, Main Electrical Rooms, shall be protected by a Clean Agent (FM-200) Fire
Suppression System or other approved clean agent, in accordance with NFPA-2001
requirements.