Unit Hydrograph Example

A 2.25 km2
3.5
Time (min) Runoff (m3/s) Total Runoff unit cm hydrograph
0 0.00 0.00
30 1.20 18 4.20
60 2.80 60 9.80
90 1.70 67.5 5.95
120 1.40 46.5 4.90
150 1.20 39 4.20
180 1.10 34.5 3.85
210 0.91 30.15 3.19
240 0.74 24.75 2.59
270 0.61 20.25 2.14
300 0.50 16.65 1.75
330 0.28 11.7 0.98
360 0.17 6.75 0.60
390 0.00 2.55 0.00

Sum of runoff 378.30 m3/sec*min

Multiple by 60 sec/min 22698 m3
Divide Q/A 1.0088 cm
Yep, that is a unit hydrograph

3.5 cm hydrograph vs unit hydrograph

12.00

10.00

8.00

6.00

4.00

2.00

0.00
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
Unit Hydrograph Example
For two back to back units of 8.5 cm
A 2.25 km2 P (cm) 8.5 8.5
Time 0 10
Time (min) Runoff (m3/s) Time Q (unit) Q at 0-10 Q at 10-20 Summed
0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0
30 1.20 10 0.4 3.4 0 3.4
60 2.80 20 0.8 6.8 3.4 10.2
90 1.70 30 1.2 10.2 6.8 17
120 1.40 40 1.73 14.705 10.2 24.905
150 1.20 50 2.26 19.21 14.705 33.915
180 1.10 60 2.8 23.8 19.21 43.01
210 0.91 70 2.43 20.655 23.8 44.455
240 0.74 80 2.06 17.51 20.655 38.165
270 0.61 90 1.7 14.45 17.51 31.96
300 0.50 100 1.6 13.6 14.45 28.05
330 0.28 110 1.5 12.75 13.6 26.35
360 0.17 120 1.4 11.9 12.75 24.65
50
390 0.00 130 1.33 11.305 11.9 23.205
45 140 1.27 10.795 11.305 22.1
40 150 1.2 10.2 10.795 20.995
35 160 1.17 9.945 10.2 20.145
170 1.14 9.69 9.945 19.635
30
180 1.11 9.435 9.69 19.125
25
190 0.975 8.2875 9.435 17.7225
20 200 0.94 7.99 8.2875 16.2775
15 210 0.91 7.735 7.99 15.725
10 220 0.85 7.225 7.735 14.96
230 0.8 6.8 7.225 14.025
5
240 0.74 6.29 6.8 13.09
0
0 5 10 15 250
20 250.69 30 5.865
35 406.29 45 12.155
260 0.65 5.525 5.865 11.39
Q (unit) Q at 0-10 Q at 10-20 Summed
270 0.61 5.185 5.525 10.71
280 0.57 4.845 5.185 10.03
290 0.535 4.5475 4.845 9.3925
300 0.5 4.25 4.5475 8.7975
310 0.43 3.655 4.25 7.905
320 0.35 2.975 3.655 6.63
330 0.28 2.38 2.975 5.355
340 0.245 2.0825 2.38 4.4625
350 0.21 1.785 2.0825 3.8675
360 0.17 1.445 1.785 3.23
370 0.11 0.935 1.445 2.38
380 0.06 0.51 0.935 1.445
390 0 0 0.51 0.51
400 0 0 0 0
410 0 0 0 0
Example 2
Precipitation Blocks
P (cm) 3.1 2.5 1.7
Time 0 30 60

Unit Hydrograph
Time Q (unit) P 0-30 P 30-60 P 60-90 Total
0 0.00 0 0 0 0 Hydrograph
30 1.20 3.72 0 0 3.72 16.00
60 2.80 8.68 3 0 11.68 14.00
90 1.70 5.27 7 2.04 14.31 12.00

Discharge (m3/s)
120 1.40 4.34 4.25 4.76 13.35 10.00
150 1.20 3.72 3.5 2.89 10.11 8.00
180 1.10 3.41 3 2.38 8.79 6.00
4.00
210 0.91 2.821 2.75 2.04 7.611
2.00
240 0.74 2.294 2.275 1.87 6.439
0.00
270 0.61 1.891 1.85 1.547 5.288 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
300 0.50 1.55 1.525 1.258 4.333 Time (minutes)
330 0.28 0.868 1.25 1.037 3.155
360 0.17 0.527 0.7 0.85 2.077 Q (unit) P 0-30 P 30-60
390 0.00 0 0.425 0.476 0.901 P 60-90 Total
420 0.00 0 0 0.289 0.289
450 0.00 0 0 0 0
S Hydrograph Example
Develop a S Hydrograph for the 30 minute unit hydrograph data (from Lecture 25, example 2)
Transpose
Time (min)Runoff (m3/s) Time (min) 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390
0 0.00 Runoff (m3/s) 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
30 1.20 S Hydrograph
60 2.80 Time (min) 0
14.0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600 630 660
90 1.70 Runoff 1 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
12.0
120 1.40 Runoff 2 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
150 1.20 Runoff 3 10.0 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
180 1.10 Runoff 4 8.0 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
210 0.91 Runoff 5 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
6.0
240 0.74 Runoff 6 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
270 0.61 Runoff 7 4.0 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
300 0.50 Runoff 8 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
2.0
330 0.28 Runoff 9 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
360 0.17 Runoff 10 0.0 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
390 0.00 Runoff 11 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
Runoff 12 Row 25 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
Runoff 13 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
Runoff 14 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0
Runoff 15 0 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.91 0.74 0.61 0.5 0.28 0.17 0

Time 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450
S Hydrograph 0.0 1.2 4.0 5.7 7.1 8.3 9.4 10.3 11.1 11.7 12.2 12.4 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6
Derivation of UH for different duration example
Convert from a 30 minute unit hydrograph to a 40 minute unit hydrograph
S Hydrograph
time 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450
S(t) 0 1.2 4 5.7 7.1 8.3 9.4 10.31 11.05 11.66 12.16 12.44 12.61 12.61 12.61 12.61

Time (min) S(t) S(t-40), m3/s S(t)-S(t-40) ∆t/t*(S(t)-S(t-40))

0 0.0 - 0.0 0
10 0.4 - 0.4 0.3
20 0.8 - 0.8 0.6
3 Unit Hydrograph for Different Duration Example
30 1.2 - 1.2 0.9
2.5
40 2.1 0.0 2.1 1.6
50 3.1 0.4 2.7 2 2
60 4.0 0.8 3.2 2.4 40 minute
70 4.6 1.2 3.4 2.525 1.5 30 minute
80 5.1 2.1 3.0 2.25
90 5.7 3.1 2.6 1.975 1

100 6.2 4.0 2.2 1.625

0.5
110 6.6 4.6 2.1 1.55
120 7.1 5.1 2.0 1.475
0
130 7.5 5.7 1.8 1.35 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
140 7.9 6.2 1.7 1.3
150 8.3 6.6 1.7 1.25
160 8.7 7.1 1.6 1.175
170 9.0 7.5 1.5 1.15
180 9.4 7.9 1.5 1.125 Chart Title
190 9.7 8.3 1.4 1.0525 14.0
200 10.0 8.7 1.3 1.005 12.0
210 10.3 9.0 1.3 0.9575
10.0
220 10.6 9.4 1.2 0.8675
230 10.8 9.7 1.1 0.825 8.0
240 11.1 10.0 1.0 0.7825 6.0
250 11.3 10.3 0.9 0.7075
4.0
260 11.5 10.6 0.9 0.675
270 11.7 10.8 0.9 0.6425 2.0
280 11.8 11.1 0.8 0.5825 0.0
290 12.0 11.3 0.7 0.555 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

300 12.2 11.5 0.7 0.5275 30 Minut hydrograph 40 minute delayed S Hydrograph
310 12.3 11.7 0.6 0.445
320 12.3 11.8 0.5 0.39
330 12.4 12.0 0.4 0.335
340 12.5 12.2 0.3 0.2525
350 12.6 12.3 0.3 0.225
360 12.6 12.3 0.3 0.1975
370 12.6 12.4 0.2 0.1275
380 12.6 12.5 0.1 0.085
390 12.6 12.6 0.1 0.0425
400 12.6 12.6 0.0 0
410 12.6 12.6 0.0 0
420 12.6 12.6 0.0 0