S 11 Tim 158

,uz;lhk; nkhop
jkpo;
Mrpupau; topfhl;b
juk; (2016 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J
eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ)
jkpo; nkhopj;Jiw
Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;>
kùfk>
=yq;fh
,uz;lhk; nkhop
jkpo;
Mrpupau;; topfhl;b
juk; 11
(2016 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ)
jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw
Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;
kùfk
=yq;fh
,izaj;jsk; : www.nie.lk
kpd;dQ;ry; : info@nie.lk
,uz;lhk; nkhop
jkpo;
Mrpupau;; topfhl;b
juk; 11
(2016 Mk; Mz; b ypUe; J eilKiwg; g Lj; j g; g lTs; s J.)
jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw
Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;
kùfk
=yq;fh
i
,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo;
Mrpupau; topfhl;b
juk; - 11
 Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;> kùfk.
ISBN
Kjyhk; gjpg;G : 2015

Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;
jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw
nkhopfs;> khDltpay;> r%f tpQ;Qhd gPlk;
Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;
=yq;fh.
kpd;dQ;ry; : info@nie.lk
gjpg;G : Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;
ii
gzpg;ghsu; ehafk; mtu;fspd; nra;jp
,yq;ifapd; ,ilepiyf; fy;tpapy; Gjpa Nju;r;rp ikag; ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; Kjw;

fl;lk; 2007 Mk; Mz;L mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. vl;L Mz;LfSf;nfhUKiw
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; fiyj;jpl;l kWrPuikg;gpd; %yk; ,J mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.
Njrpa kl;lj; Nju;r;rpfis mgptpUj;jp nra;Ak; Nehf;fpd; mbg;gilapy; Njrpa fy;tp
Mizf;FOtpd; tpjg;GiufSf;fika mg;NghJ eilKiwapypUe;j cs;slf;fk;
rhu;e;j fy;tp Kiwik ,jd; %yk; khw;wpaikf;fg;gl;lJ.
Nju;r;rp ikaf; fiyj;jpl;lj;jpd; ,uz;lhk; fl;l kWrPuikg;ghdJ 2016 Mk;

Mz;bypUe;J juk; 7> 11 Mfpa tFg;Gf;fSf;F mKy;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ. ,e;
Nehf;fj;ij milAk; nghUl;Lj; Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk; Ma;it mbg;gilahff;
nfhz;l NgWfisAk; Mu;tyu;fSila gy;NtW MNyhridfisAk; gyjug;gl;ltu;
fsplkpUe;Jk; ngw;Wf;nfhz;lJ. mtw;wpd; mbg;gilapy; epahag;gLj;jg;gl;lnjhU
nrad;Kiwia mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJld; mjw;fikthd ghlj;jpl;lq;fisAk; Nkw;gb
juq;fSf;fhf tpUj;jp nra;;Js;sJ.
,e;j epahag;gLj;jw; nrad;Kiwapw; fiyj;jpl;l kWrPuikg;gpd; NghJ epiyf;Fj;jhd

xUq;fpizg;G Kiw gad;gLj;jg;gl;L> fPopUe;J Nky;Nehf;fpa mZFKiwapy;
midj;Jg; ghlq;fSf;Fkhd Nju;rr; p kl;lq;fs; Kiwikahf tpUj;jp nra;ag;gl;Ls;sd.
NkYk;> mbg;gil tplaq;fspypUe;J cau; kl;lj;ij Nehf;fpr; nry;Yk; tifapy;
mit xOq;FgLj;jg;gl;Lk; cs;sd. ghl cs;slf;fj;jpw; fhzg;gLk; $wpaJ $wy;
kw;Wk; ghl cs;slf;fr; Rik vd;gtw;iw ,opepiyf;F ,l;Lr; nry;yTk; khztu;
NeakhdJk; eilKiwf;Nfw;wJkhd fiyj;jpl;lnkhd;iw cUthf;Fk; Nehf;fpYk;
fpilahd xUq;fpizg;ghdJ gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
Mrpupau;fSf;Fj; Njitahd topfhl;ly;fis toq;fTk; ghlj;ijj; jpl;lkplTk;

fw; g pf; f Tk; nraw; g hLfis Kd; n dLf; f Tk; mstP L kw; W k; kjpg; g P L fis
Nkw; n fhs; s Tk; cjTKfkhf Mrpupau; topfhl; b apw; Gjpa tbtikg; G
mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,t; topfhl;ly;fs; Mrpupau;fs; tFg;giwapy; nkd;NkYk;
cw;gj;jpj; jpwDs;sJk; tpisjpwd; kpf;fJkhd tifapw; Jyq;Ftjw;F cjTk;.
Gjpa Mrpupau; topfhl;bfs; khztu;fsJ Nju;r;rpfis tpUj;jp nra;Ak; tifapw;

ju cs;sPLfisAk; Nkyjpf nraw;ghLfisAk; njupT nra;tjpy; Mrpupau;fSf;Fr;
Rje;jpuj;ij toq;fpAs;sJ. ,g;Gjpa Mrpupau; topfhl;bfs; ghl cs;slf;fr; Rikia
tpLj;J> tpje;Jiuf;fg;gl;l ghlE}y;fspd; %yk; ghl cs;slf;fj;ijg; g+uzg;
gLj;jpAs;sJ. MfNt> Mrpupau;fs; Gjpa Mrpupau; topfhl;bfisg; gad;gLj;Jk;
mNjNtis fy;tp ntspaPl;Lj; jpizf;fsj;jpdhw; jahupf;fg;gl;l ghlE}y;fisAk;
nghUj;jkhd tifapw;; gad;gLj;Jjy; Ntz;Lk;.
Mrpupau; ikaf; fy;tp KiwikapypUe;J khztu; ikaf; fy;tp Kiwikf;Fj;

jskhw;wk; nra;tJk; NtiyAyfpw;F Vw;w tifapw; nghUj;jkhd kdpj tsq;fis
tpUj;jp nra;tJk; Njitahd Nju;r;rpfisAk; jpwd;fisAk; ghlrhiyapypUe;J
ntspNaWk; khztu;fs; ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;Fj; Njitahd nraw;ghL rhu;e;j fy;tp
Kiwikia tpUj;jp nra;tJk; Nkw;gb epahag;gLj;jg;gl;l ghlj;jpl;lk; kw;Wk;
Mrpupau; topfhl;bapd; Gjpa tbtikg;G vd;gtw;wpd; mbg;gil Nehf;fq;fshFk;.
Gjpa Mrpupau; topfhl;bia cUthf;Ftjpw; gq;fspgG

; r; nra;j Njrpa fy;tp epWtfj;jpd;
fy;tprhu; mYty;fs; rig kw;Wk; Nguit cWg;gpdu;fSf;Fk; midj;J tsthsu;
fSf;Fk; vdJ ed;wpfs; cupj;jhfpd;wd.
gzpg; g hsu; ehafk;

Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;
iii
gpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafk; mtu;fspd; nra;jp
fw;wy; vd;gJ gue;J tpupe;J nry;tnjhd;whFk;. mJ tho;f;ifia Nkk;gLj;jTk;

vspikg;gLj;jTk; ty;yJ. kdpjd; fw;Fk; Mw;wypy; cr;r epiyapy; cs;shd;.
kdpj> r%f mgptpUj;jpia ikakhff; nfhz;l ve;jnthU ehLk; mjd; r%fKk;
mwpthw;wypdhy; ,dq;fz;l> epahakw;wtw;iwf; fistjw;Fk;> ey;ytw;iwg;
gad;gLj;jpg; Gj;Jyifg; gilg;gjw;fhd fUtpahf miktJ fy;tpahFk;.
fw;wYf;fhfg; ngWkjp kpff ; it vitNah mitAk; fw;wy; Kiwapay;fSk; trjpfSk;

fy;tpiar; #o cUthjy; Ntz;Lk;. ,t;tifapy;> fiyj;jpl;lj;jpy; mlq;Ffpd;w
ghlj; j pl; l k; > Mrpupau; topfhl; b fs; > trjp nra; J nfhLg; N ghu; ( Facilitator)
Nghd;witnay;yhk; fy;tpj;Jiwapy; Nru;e;J nfhs;fpd;wd.
,yq;if etPd nry;newpfisAk;> gz;ila mUQ; nry;tq;fisAk; fyf;fr; nra;J>

jdJ fy;tpf; Nfhyj;ij cUthf;fpf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. rkfhyj; NjitfSf;F mika>
vl;lhz;LfSf;F xU jlit fy;tp kWrPuikg;GfspD}lhf ,w;iwg;gLj;jg;gLk;
fiyj;jpll
; j;Jf;Fupa xU fw;wy; tskhf ,e;j Mrpupau; topfhl;b jahupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
Njrpa kl;lj;jpy; ghlf; Fwpf;Nfhs;fspd; xj;j jd;ik Ngzg;gLtJ mtrpakhFk;.

vdpDk;> Mrpupau; topfhl;bapy; jug;gl;Ls;s fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jy; nraw;ghLfs; rw;NwDk;
khWglhJ> mr;nrhl;lhfg; gad;gLj;Jtjw;F cupait my;y. ghlj;jpll ; j;jpd; Nju;rr
; pfs;>
Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fis miltjw;fhf ghl tplaq;fspd; %yk; fw;ww; NgWfis
mz;kpgg ; jw;fhf> fw;wy; - fw;gpjj
; y; nraw;ghLfis Mf;fg+ut
; khdjhf khw;wp mikj;Jf;
nfhs;tjw;fhd Rje;jpuk; trjp nra;J nfhLg;NghUf;F cz;L vd;gjpy; vt;tpj
IaKkpy;iy. khztuJ milT kl;lj;ij cau; rjtPjj;Jf;F ,l;Lr; nry;y
cjTk; kw;Wk; mjw;fhd trjpfisr; nra;J nfhLf;Fk; MrpupauJ tfpghfj;jpw;F
ce;Jjy; mspg;gjw;fhfj; jahupf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,e;j Mrpupau; topfhl;bia Mrpupau;fs;
kl;Lkd;wp> khztUk; ngw;NwhUk; $lg; gad;gLj;j KbAk;. Fwpj;j ghlj;jpd; ghl
E}Yf;Fj; Jizahf mikAk; xU rhjdkhd ,e;j Mrpupau; topfhl;b> kw;WnkhU
ghlE}y; my;y vd;gij mwpe;J ghlE}y;> Mrpupau; topfhl;b Mfpa ,uz;ilAk;
Mrpupau;fs; gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.
me;je;jg; ghlj;jpd; milT njhlu;ghf kjpg;gPL elj;Jk;> Njrpa kl;l guPl;rfu;fshy;

vjpu;ghu;ff
; g;gLk; milTfis khztu;fs; mz;kpff ; r; nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;. mt;tifapy;
ghlj;ijf; fw;gpgg ; jw;F topfhl;b> trjpnra;J nfhLg;gtu;fshy; tFg;giwapy; Fwpgg
; pll
;
ghlj;Jf;Fupa fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jy; nraw;ghl;bd; ,Wjpapy; kjpgg; L
P elj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
mt;thwhd fspg;g+l;lj;jf;f nrOikahd gz;ghl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gtjw;fhd xU
fUtpahf ,e;j Mrpupau; topfhl;b mika Ntz;Lnkdg; gpuhu;j;jpf;fpd;Nwd;.
gpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafk;

nkhopfs;> khDltpay; kw;Wk; r%f tpQ;Qhd gPlk;>
Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;.
iv
mwpKfk;
gy;ypd> gd;nkhopg; gz;ghl;Lr; #oypy; thOk; kf;fs; jkf;fpilNa

Gupe;Jzu;T> If;fpak; vd;gtw;iw tsu;j;Jf; nfhs;sTk; gue;j mwpT> kdg;ghq;F
vd;gtw;iw Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;sTk; khw;Wr; r%fq;fspd; nkhopfis mwpe;jpUj;jy;
gad; kpf;fjhFk;. ,yq;ifiag; nghWj;jtiuapy; rpq;fsnkhop NgRk; r%fj;jtu;
jkpo; nkhopiaAk; jkpo;nkhop NgRk; r%fj;jtu; rpq;fs nkhopiaAk; fw;gJ
,U r%fq;fspilapYk; Gupe;Jzu;itAk; cwitAk; Vw;gLj;j top nra;Ak;
gad;kpf;f eltbf;ifahFk;.
mt;tifapy; Kjd;nkhopahfpa jha;nkhop (rpq;fsk; / jkpo;)> ru;tNjr

nkhopahfpa Mq;fpyk; vd;gtw;Wld; ,uz;lhk; nkhopiaAk; (jkpo; / rpq;fsk;)
fw;wy; - fw;gpjj
; y; mtrpak; vd;gJ Njrpa fy;tpf; nfhs;ifapy; typAWj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,jdbg;gilapy; jahupf;fg;gl;l juk; - 11 f;fhd “ ,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo;”
ghlk; 2016 Mk; Mz;L Kjy; eilKiwf;F tuTs;sJ.
NkYk;> ,g;ghlj;jpl;lj;jpy; nkhopj;jpwd;fshd Nfl;ly;> Ngr;R> thrpg;G>

vOj;J vd;gtw;wpy; juk; - 11 khztu;fs; mila Ntz;b a Nju;r ;rpfs;
jPu;khdpf;fg;gl;L> mtw;Wf;fhd Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs;; gbKiwg;gLj;jpj; jug;gl;Ls;sd.
Mrpupau;> Nju;r;r p kl;lq;fspd; gbKiw tsu;r ;r piaf; fUj;jpw; nfhz;Lk;
nghUj;jkhd fw;gpj;jy; cj;jpfisf; ifahz;Lk; jkJ fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jy;
nraw;ghLfis Nkw;nfhs;sy; Ntz;Lk;. mj;NjhL jhk; fw;gpf;Fk; tFg;Gf;F
Kw;gl;l tFg;Gfspd; ghlj;jpl;lk; gw;wp mwpe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mJ kl;Lkpd;wp>
xt;nthU tFg;Gf;Fk; fw;gpf;Fk;NghJk; Kd;ida tFg;Gg; ghlj;jpl;lq;fSld;
njhlu;Ggl;l tplaq;fis kPl;Lg; ghu;g;gJk; mtrpakhFk;.
mjw;fika “ ,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo;” ghlj;jpd; Fwpf;Nfhs;fis epiwT

nra;jthW Nju;r;rpkpf;f ,sQ; re;jjpapdiu cUthf;Ftjw;F topfhl;LtNj ,e;j
Mrpupau; topfhl;bapd; vjpu;ghu;gg
; hFk;. ,e;E}y; njhlu;ghf cq;fsJ Mf;fg+u;tkhd
fUj;Jf;fisAk; Kd;nkhopTfisAk; vkf;F mDg;gp itf;FkhW jaTld; Nfl;Lf;
nfhs;fpd;Nwhk;.
gzpg;g hsu;.
jkpo; n khopj; J iw>
v
fiyj;jpl;lf;FO
MNyhridAk; mDkjpAk; :
fy;tprhu; mYty;fs; rig

ghl tpla MNyhrid :
fyhepjp. =. gpurhe;jd;.
rpNu\;l tpupTiuahsu;> [atu;jdGu gy;fiyf;fofk;.
fyhepjp. c.etuj;dk;.
epGzj;Jt MNyhrfu;> [p.I.,]l;.
nry;tp. t.tp[anyl;Rkp.
gzpg;ghsu;> jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw.
jpU. rp. fhz;Bgd;.
mgptpUj;jp cjtpahsu;> fy;tp ntspaPl;Lj; jpizf;fsk;.
,izg;ghf;fk; :
jpUkjp eh.rPjud;.
rpNu\;l tpupTiuahsu;> jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw.
tsg;gq;fspg;G :
jpUkjp. g. rghehjd;.
Mrpupau;> Nkkh/yypj; mj;Jyj;Kjyp fy;Y}up> fy;fp];i].
jpU. Mu;. rjhj;.
Mrpupau;> jp/jhUy; cY}k; k.tp. fpz;zpah.
jpU. Nt. jpUr;rNgrd;.
Kfhikahsu;> Mrphpa kj;jpa epiyak;> jPtfk;> Ntyiz.
nry;tp. N[. ghyuQ;rdp.
khfhzf; fy;tp mYtyfk;> Nky; khfhzk;.
jpU. ngh. mNrhf;Fkhu;
Mrpupau;> kkh/E/t/lNyh]; kfh tpj;jpahyak;> clg;Gry;yht.
jpU. f. rptuh[;.
Mrpupau;> kkh/E/t/kLy;y kfh tpj;jpahyak;> clg;Gry;yht.
nkhopr;nrt;tpjhf;fk; :
jpUkjp. eh. rPjud;

rpNu\;l tpupTiuahsu;> jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw.
vi
Mrpupau; topfhl;biag;
gad;gLj;Jtjw;fhd mwpTWj;jy;fs;
2007 Mk; Mz;L njhlf;fk; ghlrhiyfspy; fiyj;jpl;lj;jpy; njhFjpg;

ghlq;fSs; xd;whf ,Ue;JtUk; ,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo;g; ghlk; 2015 Mk;
Mz;b Yk; mjd; gpd;d Uk; mNjtpjkhf eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk;. 6-11 Me;
juq;fSf;fhf thunkhd;Wf;F ,uz;L ghlNtisfs; xJf;fg;gl;L ; s;sd. f.ngh.j.
rhjhuz jug; guPli
; rapy; 10 -11 Mk; juq;fSf;Fupa ghlj;jpl;lq;fis mbg;gilahff;
nfhz;L kjpg;gPl;il elj;j vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
6-11 Me;juq;fSf;fhf Nju;rr ; pfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l mZFKiwapd;

gb gpujhdkhf Nfl;ly;> Ngr;R> thrpg;G> vOj;J vd;Dk; ehd;F Nju;r;rpfspd; fPo;
juk; 11 f;fhd ,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo;g; ghlf;fiyj;jpl;lk; fl;bnaOg;gg;gl;Ls;sJ.
fiyj;jpl;lj;ij eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw;fhfj; jahupf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,e;j Mrpupau;
topfhl; b ahdJ ghlj; j pl; l k; > ghlj; j pl; l j; i j eilKiwg; g Lj; J tjw; F upa
mwpTWj;jy;fs; vDk; ,uz;L gFjpfisf; nfhz;like;Js;sJ.
‘,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo;’ ghlj;jpd; %yk; khztuplj;Nj fl;bnaOg;g

vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLk; Nju;r;rpfis tpUj;jp nra;Ak;NghJ ghlq;fSk; mg;ghlq;fisg;
gapYtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jk; Kiwapay;fSk; Kf;fpakhdit. ,t; Mrpupau;
topfhl;bapy;; cs;s nrhw;fsQ;rpak; vd;Dk; gFjp Mrpupau; jkJ fw;wy; -
fw;gpjj; y; nraw;ghl;il rpwg;ghf Nkw;nfhs;s cjtpahf mikAk;. ,t;thW nraw;ghL
rhu;e;j fw;wy; re;ju;g;gq;fisj; jpl;lkpl;L toq;Ftjd; %yk; khztu; ghlq;fisg;
gapy;tjw;F topg;gLj;JtNj ,q;F vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
E}yhf;ff;FO.
vii
nghUslf;fk;
gf;fk;
01 gzpg;ghsu; ehafk; mtu;fspd; nra;jp iii
02 gpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafk; mtu;fspd; nra;jp iv
03 mwpKfk; v
04 tsg;gq;fspg;G vi
05 Mrpupau; topfhl;biag; gad;gLj;Jtjw;Fupa
mwpTWj;jy;fs; vii
06 ghlj;jpl;lk; ix
07 fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jw; nrad;Kiwf;Fupa topfhl;ly;
1.0 Nfl;ly; 01 - 10
2.0 Ngr;R 11 - 22
3.0 thrpg;G 23 - 30
4.0 vOj;J 31 - 42
viii
ghlj;jpl;lk;
ix
2.0 Njrpa ,yf;F fs;
Njrpa fy;tp KiwikahdJ> jdpegu;f;Fk; r%fj;jpwF

; k; nghUj;jkhd ngUk;ghyhd
Njrpa ,yf;Ffis miltjw;Fj; jdpegu;fSf;Fk; FOtpdUf;Fk; cjtp nra;jy;
Ntz;Lk;.
fle;j fhyq;fspy; ,yq;ifapd; ngUk;ghyhd fy;tp mwpf;iffSk; Mtzq;fSk;

jdpegu; NjitfisAk; Njrpa NjitfisAk; epiwT nra;tjw;fhf ,yf;Ffis
epu;zapj;Js;sd. rkfhy fy;tp mikg;GfspYk; nrad;KiwfspYk; ntspg;gilahff;
fhzg;gLk; gytPdq;fs; fhuzkhf> epiyNgWila kdpj tpUj;jpapd; vz;zf;fUj;jpll
;
tuk;gpDs; fy;tpapD}lhf milaf;$ba gpd;tUk; ,yf;Fj; njhFjpapid Njrpa
fy;tp Mizf;FO ,dq;fz;Ls;sJ.
1. kdpj nfsutj;ijf; fz;zpag;gLj;jy; vDk; vz;zf;fUf;fs; Njrpag;gpizg;G>

Njrpa KOik> Njrpa xw;Wik> ,zf;fk;> rkhjhdk; vd;gtw;iw Nkk;gLj;jy;
%yKk; ,yq;ifg; gd;ikr; r%fj;jpd; fyhrhu NtWghl;bid mq;fPfupj;jy;
%yKk; Njrj;ijf; fl;bnaOg;GjYk; ,yq;ifau; vDk; milahsj;ij
Vw;gLj;jYk;.
2. khw;wKWk; cyfj;jpd; rthy;fSf;Fj; jf;fthW Kfq;nfhLj;jNyhL> Njrpa

ghuk;gupaj;jpd; mjp rpwe;j mk;rq;fis mq;fPfupj;jYk; NgZjYk;.
3. kdpj cupikfSf;F kjpg;gspj;jy;> flikfs;> fl;Lg;ghLfs; gw;wpa

tpopg;Gzu;T> xUtu; kPJ xUtu; nfhz;Ls;s Mo;e;j> ,ilawhj
mf;fiwAzu;T vd;gtw;iw Nkk;gLj;Jk; r%f ePjpAk; [dehaf
tho;f;ifKiw epakq;fSk; cs;slq;fpa Rw;whliy cUthf;FjYk;
Mjupj;jYk;.
4. xUtuJ cs> cly; eyidAk; kdpj tpOkpaq;fSf;F kjpg;gspg;gij

mbg;gilahff;nfhz;l epiyNgWila tho;fi
; ff; Nfhyj;ijAk; Nkk;gLj;jy;.
5. ed;F xd;wpizf;fg;gl;l rkepiy MSikf;Fupa Mf;f rpe;jid> jw;WzpG>

Ma;e;J rpe;jpj;jy;> nghWg;G> tif$wy; kw;Wk; cld;ghlhd mk;rq;fis
tpUj;jp nra;jy;.
6. jdpeguJk; Njrj;jpdJk; tho;fi

; fj; juj;ijg; Nghrpff
; f; $baJk; ,yq;ifapd;
nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jpf;Fg; gq;fspf;ff; $baJkhd Mf;fg; gzpfSf;fhd
fy;tpa+l;Ltjd; %yk; kdpjts mgptpUj;jp.
7. jdpegu;fspd; khw;wj;jpwF
; Vw;g> ,zq;fp thoTk; khw;wj;ij Kfhik nra;aTk;
jahu;gLj;jTk; tpiuthf khwptUk; cyfpy; rpf;fyhdJk;> vjpu;ghuhjJkhd
epiyikfisr; rkhspf;Fk; jifikia tpUj;jp nra;jy;.
8. ePjp> rkj;Jtk;> gu];gu kupahij vd;gtw;iw mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L>

ru;tNjr rKjhaj;jpy; nfsutkhdNjhu; ,lj;ijg; ngWtjw;Fg;
gq;fspf;ff;$ba kdg;ghq;FfisAk; jpwd;fisAk; tsu;j;jy;.
(Njrpa fy; t p Mizf;F O mwpf; i f - 2003 jpnrk; g u; )
x
3.0 mbg;gilj; Nju;r;rpfs;
fy;tpapD}lhf tpUj;jp nra;ag;gLk; gpd;tUk; mbg;gilj; Nju;r;rpfs; Nkw;Fwpj;j

Njrpa ,yf;Ffis miltjw;F toptFf;Fk;.
1. njhlu;ghly; Nju;r ;r pfs;

njhlu;ghly; gw;wpa Nju;r;rpfs; ehd;F Jizj; njhFjpfis mbg;gilahff;
nfhz;lit. vOj;jwpT> vz;zwpT> rpjj ; pu mwpT> jfty; njhopDl;gj; jifik.
vOj; j wpT: ftdkhfr; nrtpkLj;jy;> njspthfg; NgRjy;> fUj;jwpa

thrpjj
; y;> rupahfTk; nrk;ikahfTk; vOJjy;> gad;jUk;
tifapyhd fUj;Jg; gupkhw;wk;.
vz; z wpT: nghUs;> ,lk;> fhyk; vd;gtw;Wf;F vz;fisg;
gad;gLj;jy;> vz;Zjy;> fzpj;jy;> xOq;F Kiwahf
msj;jy;.
rpj; j pu mwpT: NfhL> cUtk; vd;gtw;wpd; fUj;ij mwpjy;. tpguq;fs;>
mwpTWj;jy;fs;> vz;zq;fs; Mfpatw;iwf; NfhL> cUtk;>
tu;zk; vd;gtw;why; ntspg;gLj;jYk; gjpT nra;jYk;.
jfty; njhopDl;gj; jifik: fzpzp mwpT - fw;wypy;> njhopy; Rw;whlypy;>
nrhe;j tho;tpy; jfty; njhlu;ghly; njhopDl;gq;fisg;
( ICT) gjpT nra;jy;.
2. MSik tpUj;jp njhlu;ghd Nju;r ;r pfs;.
- Mf;fk;> tpupe;j rpe;jid> jw;WzpG> jPu;khdk; vLj;jy;> gpur;rpid

tpLtpj;jy;> EZf;fkhd kw;Wk; gFg;gha;Tr; rpe;jid> mzpapduhfg;
gzp nra;jy;> jdpahs; ,iltpidj; njhlu;Gfs;> fz;Lgpbj;jYk;
fz;lwpjYk; Kjyhd jpwikfs;.
- Neu;ik> rfpg;Gj; jd;ik> kdpj nfsutj;ijf; fz;zpag;gLj;jy; Mfpa
tpOkpaq;fs;
- kd vOr;rpfs;> Ez;zwpT
3. #oy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;
,j;Nju;r;rpfs; #oNyhL (r%fk;> capupay;> ngsjpfk;) njhlu;GWfpd;wd.
r%fr; #oy;: Njrpa ghuk;gupak; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;T> gd;ikr; r%fj;jpd;

mq;fj;jtu;fs; vd;wtifapy; njhlu;GWk; Ez;Zzu;Tj;
jpwd;fSk;> gfpu;e;jspf;fg;gLk; ePjp> r%fj; njhlu;Gfs;> jdpegu;
elj;ijfs;> nghJthdJk; rl;lg+u;tkhdJkhd rk;gpujhaq;fs;>
cupikfs;> nghWg;Gf;fs;> flikfs;> flg;ghLfs; vd;gtw;wpy;
mf;fiwAk;.
capupay; #oy;: thOk; cyF> kf;fs;> capupay; njhFjp - kuq;fs;> fhLfs;>

fly;> ePu;> tsp> capupd jhtuk;> tpyq;F> kdpj tho;T.
xi
ngsjpfr; #oy;: ,lk;> rf;jp> vupnghUs;> rlg;nghUs;> nghUs;fs; gw;wpAk; mit
kdpj tho;fi ; f> czT> cil> ciwAs;> Rfhjhuk;> nrsfupak;>
Rthrk;> epj;jpiu> ,isg;ghWjy;> Xa;T> fopTfs;> capupd
fopTg; nghUl;fs; Mfpatw;Wld; nfhz;Ls;s njhlu;G gw;wpa
tpopg;Gzu;Tk;> Ez;Zzu;Tj; jpwd;fSk; fw;wYf;Fk; Ntiy
nra;tjw;Fk; tho;tjw;Fk; fUtpfisAk; njhopDl;gq;fisAk;
gad;gLj;Jk; jpwd;fSk; ,q;F cs;slf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
4. Ntiy cyfj;jpw;Fj; jahu; nra;jy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;
mtu;fsJ rf;jpia cr;r epiyf;Ff; nfhz;L tUtjw;Fk; mtu;fsJ Mw;wiyg;

Ngh\pg;gjw;Fk; Ntz;ba njhopy;rhu; jpwd;fs;.
- nghUshjhu tpUj;jpf;Fg; gq;fspj;jy;

- mtu;fsJ njhopy; tpUg;gq;fisAk; csr;rhu;GfisAk; fz;lwpjy;
- mtu;fsJ Mw;wy;fSf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd Ntiyiaj; njupT
nra;jy;
- gadspf;ff; $baJk; epiyNgWilaJkhd [PtNdhghaj;jpy;
<Lgly;
5. rkaKk; xOf;fyhWk; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;
md;whl tho;f;ifapy; kpfg; nghUj;jkhdtw;iwj; njupT nra;aTk;> ehshe;j

tho;fi
; fapy; xOf;fnewp> mwnewp> rkanewp njhlu;ghd elj;ijfisg; nghUj;jKw
Nkw;nfhs;sTk; tpOkpaq;fisj; jd;kakhf;fpf; nfhs;sYk;
cs;thq;fYk;
6. Xa;T Neuj;ijg; gad;gLj;jy;> tpisahl;L gw;wpa Nju;r;rpfs;
mofpaw; fiyfs;> ,yf;fpak;> tpisahl;L> nka;ty;Yeu; Nghl;bfs;> Xa;TNeug;

nghOJNghf;Ffs; kw;Wk; tho;tpd; Mf;fg+u;tr; nraw;ghLfs; %yk;
ntspg;gLj;jg;gLk; ,d;g Efu;r;rp> kfpo;r;rp> kdntOr;rpfs; ,it Nghd;w kdpj
mDgtq;fs;
7. fw;wYf;Ff; fw;wy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;
tpiuthf khWfpd;w> rpf;fyhd> xUtupy; xUtu; jq;fp epw;fpd;w cynfhd;wpy;

xUtu; RahjPdkhff; fw;gjw;fhd typikaspj;jYk; khw;wpaikf;Fk; nrad;Kiw
Clhf> khw;wj;jpw;Nfw;g ,aq;fTk; mjid Kfhik nra;aTk; Ntz;ba
czu;itAk; ntw;wpiaAk; ngwr; nra;jy;.
(Njrpa fy; t p Mizf;F O mwpf; i f - 2003 jpnrk; g u; )
xii
xiii
Ngr; R
Nju; r ; r p Nju;r ;r p kl;l k; tpla cs;slf;fk; fw;wy; NgWfs; ghlNtis
2.0 nghJthd 2.1 mwpTWj;jy; fis  itj; jpa  Njitfis 03

tplaq;fspy; tpsq;fpr; nraw;gLthu;. MNyhridf;Fg; gjpT epiwNtw;wpf;nfhs;s ePz;l
ntt; N tW nra;jy; mwpTWj;jy;fs; kw;Wk;
jiyg;Gfspy; tpsf;fk; mspf;Fk;
ciuahLtjw;F re;ju;g;gq;fSf;F Vw;g
Kd;te;J ciuahLthu;.
nraw;gLthu;.
2.2 topelj;jy;fisg;  Rw;Wyhg; gazj;jpw;F  topelj;jy; fspy; 03
gpd;gw;wp ciuahl mDkjpg; gj;jpuk; Njitfis g+u;j;jp
xiv
Kd;tUthu;. ngWk; topfs; nra;tjw;fhf fye;Jiuahl
Kd;tUthu;.
2.3 el;GuPjpahf  tpLKiwapd; NghJ  tpgukhd RKf 03

ciuahLtjw;F nrd;w Rw;Wyhg; ciuahliy Muk;gpj;J
Kd;tUthu;. gazk; njhlu;ghd tsu;j;Jr; nry;thu;.
fye;Jiuahly;
2.4 jfty;fisg;  njhiye;j Gj;jfk;  jfty;fisg; 03

gupkhwpf; nfhs;tjw;fhf gw;wpa jfty;fis gupkhWtjw;fhf el;GuPjpahf
ciuahLthu;. tpdhTjy; ,ize;J ciuahLthu;.
2.5 nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fspy;  gytpjkhd nfhLf;fy; 03

<LgLtjw; fhf thq;fy;fspy; fye;J
ciuahLthu;. nfhz;L ciuahLthu;.
thrpg;G
Nju; r ; r p Nju;r ;r p kl;l k; tpla cs;slf;fk; fw;wy; NgWfs; ghlNtis
3.0 3.1 fbjq;fisAk;  njhopy;  Mtzq;fspy; 03
NtW gbtq; Kiwf;fbjk; cs;slf;fg;gl;ltw;iw
ehshe;jj; tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.
fisAk;
NjitfSf;fhf  ciug;gFjp
tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.
ntt;NtW (,uhkhaz
re;ju;g;gq;fspy; 3.2 ,yf;fpaq;fis ciug;gFjp)  ,yf;fpag; ge;jpfspYs;s
ciuahba> tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;. mDkhd; cs;slf;fq;fis tpsq;fp> 03
mwpKfkhd> ,yq;iff;F te;j fpufpj;J thrpg;ghu;.
mwpKfkw;w re;ju;g;gk;
Maj;jg;gLj;jpa  GJtUlg;gpwg;G
nrhw;fs;>
xv
nrhw;nwhlu;fspy;
cs;s  itj;jpau; toq;Fk;
3.3 mwpTWj;jy;fis  mjpf tpguq;fisf;
Kf;fpakhd mwpTWj;jy;fs;
tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;. nfhz;l mwpTWj;
jy;fis tpsq;fp
03
thrpg;ghu;.
3.4 fl;Gy> nrtpg;Gy  gj;jpupiffspy;
rhjdq;fs;  nrtpg;Gy> fl;Gy
,lk;ngWk;
jfty;fisg; rhjdq;fspy; tUk; gpujhd
jiyg;Gr; nra;jpfs;
ghu;j;J tpsq;fp fUj;Jf;fisAk;
thrpg;ghu;. glq;fisAk; tpsq;fp
thrpg;ghu;.
08
vOj; J
xvi
fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jw;
nrad;Kiwf;Fupa topfhl;ly;
Nju;r ;r p 1.0 : ehshe;jj; Njitfs; njhlu;ghfj; jahupf;fg;gl;l
,yFthd $w;Wf;fisr; nrtpkLj;J> mtw;iw
,dq;fz;L Jyq;Fthu;.
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 1.1 : gz;ghd ciuahly;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;Fthu;.
tpla cs;s lf;fk; : nghyp]; mjpfhupAldhd ciuahly;
ghlNtis : 02
fw;w w; NgWfs; :
• ciuahLk;NghJ mtjhdkhfr; nrtpkLg;ghu;.

• Gjpa nrhw;fis mwptjw;F Mu;tk; nfhs;thu;.
• RKfkhd fye;Jiuahly;fspd;NghJ nrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;jp Kd;itg;ghu;.
• md;whlj; NjitfSf;fhfg; nghUj;jkhd nrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;j Kidthu;.
• Nkyjpfkhd nrhw;fis tpsq;fpj; Jyq;Fthu;.
ghlj;ijj; jpl;l kpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:
• jahupf;fg;gl;l xypg;gjpT ciuahly;fis kPz;Lk; kPzL; k; nrtpkLf;fr; nra;Aq;fs;.

• jahupf;fg;gl;l ,yFthd $w;Wf;fis kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; thrpj;Jr; nrtpkLf;fr;
nra;Aq;fs;.
• ciuahlypy; tUk; Gjpa nrhw;fis mwpe;J> gad;gLj;jr; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.
• md;whlj; Njitfisg; g+u;j;jp nra;Ak; tifapy; ciuahly; nraw;ghLfis
xOq;fikAq;fs;.
• vy;yh khztu;fSk; gq;Fgw;wpr; nraw;gl re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.
• ,lu;gLk; khztu;fSf;F cjTq;fs;.
• nghUj;jkhd fzpg;gPL, kjpg;gPLfis Nkw;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
Kjd;ikg; gjq;fs; (Key words) / vz;zf;fUf;fs;:
jaTnra;J -lreKdlr NgUe;J - nia r:h

ed;wp - ia;+;shs NtW - fjk;a
njhiye;Jtpl;lJ - ke;sjSh vd;d? - fudlla o @
milahs ml;il - ye|qkqusm; vg;NghJ? - ljod o @
gjpT - ,shdmosxps ghij - udra .h
khiy Neuk; - ijia ld,h
jutpUj;jp cs;s PL fs;:
• nrhy; ml;ilfs;
• ghlE}y;
• xypg;gjpT ehlhf;fs;
1
gapw;r p ngWtjw;f hfg; gad;g Lj;J q;f s;.
nghyp]; mjpfhhpAldhd fye; Jiuahly; .
Kiwg;ghl;lhsu; : Iah! tzf;fk;.

nghyp]; (fhtw;Wiw) mjpfhup : tzf;fk;. cs;Ns thUq;fs;. cl;fhUq;fs;.
vd;d tplakhf te;Js;sPu;fs;?
Kiwg;ghl;lhsu; : vdJ Njrpa milahs ml;il njhiye;Jtpl;lJ. Kiwg;ghL
nra;a te;Js;Nsd;.
nghyp]; mjpfhup : vg;NghJ njhiye;jJ?
Kiwg;ghl;lhsu; : ,d;W fhiy njhiye;JNgha;tpl;lJ.
nghyp]; mjpfhup : vq;Nf njhiye;jJ?
Kiwg;ghl;lhsu; : E}w;wp Ik;gj;jp Ie;jhk; ,yf;f NgUe;jpypUe;J ,wq;Fk; NghJ
njhiye;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
nghyp]; mjpfhup : vd;d Neuk;?
Kiwg;ghl;lhsu; : fhiy VO kzpf;Fk; vl;L kzpf;Fk; ,ilapy;.
nghyp]; mjpfhup : ,uz;L ehs; nghWj;Jg; ghUq;fs;. vLj;jtHfs; tPlL
; KfthpfF;
mDg;gyhk;.
Kiwg;ghl;lhsu; : Kiwg;ghl;Lg; gpujp ju KbAkh?
nghyp]; mjpfhup : Mk;. epr;rakhf.
Kiwg;ghl;lhsu; : kpfTk; ed;wp.
vjpu;f;fUj;Js;s nrhw;fs;
cs;Ns - ntspNa we;=,g - t,shg

thUq;fs; - Nghq;fs; tkak - hkak
cl;fhUq;fs; - vOk;Gq;fs; jdvsfjkak - ke.sgskak
njhiye;Jtpl;lJ - fpilj;Jtpl;lJ ke;sjqKd - ,enqKd
fhiy - khiy Wfoa - iji
,wq;F - VW nyskak - k.skak
mDg;Gq;fs; - ngWq;fs; hjkak - ,nd.kak
fzpg;gPL k; kjpg;gPL k; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:
1. ciuahliy tpUg;gj;Jld; nrtpkLg;ghu;.

2. Gjpa nrhw;fis mwpe;J gad;gLj;Jthu;.
3. md;whlj; Njitfis epiwNtw;wg;nghUj;jkhd nrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;Jthu;.
4. mjpfkhd nrhw;fis tpsq;fpg; gad;gLj;Jthu;.
2
,yFthd $w;Wf;fisr;; nrtpkLj;J> mtw;iw
,dq;fz;L Jyq;Fthu;.
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 1.2 : mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;Fthu;.
tpla cs;slf;fk; : glfpy; gazk; nra;Ak; NghJ toq;fg;gLk;

mwpTWj;jy;fs;.
ghlNtis : 02
fw;ww; NgWfs;:
• md;whl tho;f;ifapy; gpd;gw;w Ntz;ba mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLg;ghu;

• mwpTWj;jy;fis kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; Nfl;gjpy; MHtk; fhl;Lthu;.
• mtjhdkhfr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;Fthu;.
• xj;j ,ay;Gs;s Gjpa mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;f Kidthu;.
• md;whl tho;fi
; fapy; gpd;gw;w Ntz;ba mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLf;fr; nra;Aq;fs;.
• mwpTWj;jy;fis kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; Nfl;fr; nra;Aq;fs;.
• khztu; mtjhdkhfr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;fr; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.
• mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jr; nraw;gl Cf;FtpAq;fs;.
• NtW mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLf;Fk; Mu;tj;ij Vw;gLj;Jq;fs;.
glF - Trej mjpfk; - jevs

tpiuT / Ntfk; - fjs.h $ blauka Xlk; - mdrej
vz;zpf;if - ixLHdj nkJthf - fiuska
ftdkhf ,Uq;fs; - mrsifuka bkak gpuahzpfs; - u.ska
glNfhl;b - f;dgshd Mok; - .eTqre
ghJfhg;Gf; ftrk; - wdrlaIl wdjrkh VWq;fs; - k.skak
ghJfhg;G - wdrlaId ,wq;Fq;fs; - nyskak
$l - jevs / iu.
• mwpTWj;jy;fs; vOjpa nrhy;yl;ilfs;

• ghlE}y;
• mwpTWj;jy;fs; mlq;fpa xypehlhf;fs;
3
gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.
ftdkhf VWq;fs;.
ghJfhg;G cilfis mzpAq;fs;.
,Ugf;fKk; rkkhf cl;fhUq;fs;.
jk;gp! ePqf
; s; ,e;jg; gf;fkhf thUq;fs;.
NkNy Nghf Ntz;lhk;.
,e;j miwf;Fs; nry;y Ntz;lhk;.
Myaj;jpDs; fhzg;gLk; mwpTWj;jy;fs;

(Nkyjpf fw;wYf;fhf)
1. ghjzpfSld; cl;nry;yhjPu;fs;.
2. mikjp NgZNthk;.
3. Rj;jk; NgZNthk;.
4. xOq;FKiwfisg; gpd;gw;WNthk;.
5. Nfhapy; cs; tPjpapy; (gpufhuj;jpDs;) fw;g+uk; nfhSj;jhjPu;fs;.
6. Nfhapypd; cs;Ns mehtrpakhff; fijf;fhjPu;fs;.
7. gpurhjq;fisf; fPNo rpe;jhjPu;fs;.
8. neUf;Fjy; nra;ahjPu;fs;.
9. tpg+jp> re;jdk; Nghd;w gpurhjq;fisj; J}z;fspy; g+rhjPu;fs;.
10. g+irfs; Kbe;j gpd;du; eilngWk; md;djhd epfo;tpy; fye;J nfhs;Sq;fs;.
xj;jfUj;Js;s nrhw;fs;
ftdk; - mtjhdk; wjOdkh

cil - Mil weòqu
jk;gp - ,isa rNfhjuk; u,a,s
ghjzp - nrUg;G im;=j
mikjp - eprg;jk; ksYnsoh
Rj;jk; - J}a;ik msrsiqoq
Nfhapy; - Myak; fldajs,
mdhtrpak; - Njitaw;wJ wkjYH
cl;fhUq;fs; - mkUq;fs;, ,Uq;fs; jdvsfjkak
NgZNthk; - ghJfhg;Nghk; - filg;gpbg;Nghk; wdrlaId lruq
• mwpTWj;jy;fis Mu;tj;Jld; nrtpkLg;ghu;.

• mwpTWj;jy;fspd; nghUis tpsq;fpj; Jyq;Fthu;.
• mwpTWj;jy;fisg; gpd;gw;wp elg;ghu;.
• re;ju;g;gq;fSf;Nfw;gg; nghUj;jkhd mwpTWj;jy;fis toq;Fthu;.
4
Nju;r ;r p 1.0 : ehshe;jj; Njitfs; njhlu;ghfj; jahupf;fg;gl;l ,yFthd
$w;Wf;fisr; nrtpkLj;J> mtw;iw ,dq;fz;L Jyq;Fthu;.
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 1.3 : topelj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;Fthu;.
tpla cs;slf;fk; : tpLKiwf; fhyj;ijf; fopf;fg; nghUj;jkhd ,lj;ij

tprhupj;jy;.
ghlNtis : 02
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• topelj;jy;fs; njhlu;ghd tplaq;fisr; nrtpkLg;ghu;.

• jpul;ba jfty;fisr; nrtpkLj;J mjw;Nfw;gj; Jyq;f Mu;tk; nfhs;thu;.
• toq;fg;gLk; re;ju;g;gq;fSf;F Vw;gj; Jyq;Fthu;.
• ,yFthd nrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;jp> NtW re;ju;gg
; q;fspy; nghUj;jkhd topelj;jy;fis
Nkw;nfhs;thu;.
• nrtpkLj;Jr; nraw;gLtjw;fhd topelj;jy;fis toq;Fq;fs;.

• topelj;jy;fis kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; nrtpkLf;fr; nra;Aq;fs;.
• ghlg;gFjpapy; cs;s topelj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;f cjTq;fs;.
• khztu; xUtUf;F xUtu; topelj;jy;fis Nkw;nfhs;sr; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.
• ,lu;gLk; khztu;fSf;F Nkyjpf re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.
• nghUj;jkhd fzpg;gPL> kjpg;gPLfis Nkw;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
tpLKiw - ksjdvqj thfdk; - jdykh

kfpo;r;rp - i;=g rpw;Wz;br;rhiy - wdmkYd,j
nghOJNghf;F - jsfkdaodxYh mjpNtfg; ghij - wOsfjs.S udra .h
cy;yhrg; gazpfs; - ixpdrlfhda mDkjp - wjirh
tyJ - ol=K ,lJ - ju
Kd;dhy; - bosrsfhka gpd;dhy; - msgqmi
rpwpa - l=vd / mqxps ngupa - f,dl=
• nrhy;yl;ilfs;
• xypg;gjpT ehlh
• ghlE}y;
5
gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;:
1. ,g;NghJ ahj;jpiu fhyk; Muk;gpj;Js;sJ.

2. ,e;j tpLKiwapy; rptndhspghj kiyf;Fr; nry;Nthk;.
3. nfhOk;gpy; ,Ue;J `l;lDf;F vg;gbr; nry;tJ?
4. mtprhtisf;Fr; nry;tjw;Fg; Gwf;Nfhl;ilapypUe;J 122 / 99Mk; ,yf;f NgUe;jpy;
VWq;fs;.
5. mtprhtis NgUe;J epiyaj;jpy; ,wq;fp> kPz;Lk; `l;ld; nry;Yk; Ng&e;jpy;
VWq;fs;.
6. my;yJ nfhOk;gpy; ,Ue;J Neuhf `l;ld; nry;Yk; NgUe;jpy; gazQ; nra;ayhk;.
7. `l;ld; nry;Yk; NgUe;jpy; nry;tjhapUg;gpd;> k];nfypah nrd;W mjD}lhf
rptndhspghjkiy mbthuj;jpw;F nry;y KbAk;.
8. khu;fop Kjy; Vg;uy; tiu ahj;jpiu fhyk; njhlUk;;.
kfpo;r;rp - re;Njrk; - Mde;jk; i;=g

thfdk; - Cu;jp jdykh
ghij - tPjp mdr
gazpfs; - gpuahzpfs; u.Ska
mDkjp - cj;juT wkqu;sh $ wjir
,lJ - tyJ ju - ol=K

Kd;dhy; - gpd;dhy; bosrsh - msgqmi
rpwpa - nghpa l=vd - f,dl=
kfpo;r;rp - Jf;fk; i;=g - oql
• topelj;jy;fSf;Fg; gad;gLj;Jk; nrhw;fisr; nrtpkLj;J rupahfj; Jyq;Fthu;.

• topelj;jy;fSf;fhd nrhw;fis mwpe;J gad;gLj;Jthu;.
• ,yFthd topelj;jy;fis Nkw;nfhs;thu;.
• md;whl tho;tpy; topelj;jy;fspy; <LgLthu;.
6
,yFthd $w;Wf;fisr; nrtpkLj;J> mtw;iw
,dq;fz;L Jyq;Fthu;.
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 1.4 : mwptpj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;Fthu;.
tpla cs;slf;fk; : tpsk;guk;
ghlNtis : 02
fw;ww; NgWfs;:
• tpsk;guq;fis mtjhdj;Jld; nrtpkLg;ghu;;.

• tpsk;guq;fisr; nrtpkLg;gjpy; MHtk; fhl;Lthu;.
• tpsk;guk; xd;wpy; ,lk;ngWk; mwptpj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLg;ghu;.
• NtW tpsk;guq;fspy; tUk; mwptpj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;Fthu;.
• rpwpa tpsk;guq;fis xypehlhtpy; xypf;fr; nra;Aq;fs;.

• ghlE}ypy; cs;s tpsk;guq;fis thrpj;Jf; fhl;Lq;fs;.
• tpsk;guj;jpy; ,lk;ngWk; mwptpj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLf;fr; nra;Aq;fs;.
• ntt;NtW tpsk;guq;fspy; ,lk;ngWk; mwptpj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLf;fr; re;ju;g;gk;
toq;Fq;fs;.
• NtW tifahd mwptpj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;f cjTq;fs;.
• mwptpj;jy;fisr; nra;a Kd;tUk; khztu;fSf;Fr; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.
,ij - fuh fhyhtjpj; jpfjp - l,a bl=;ajk oskh

juk; - fY%aKsh tpiy - us,
thq;Fq;fs; - us<oS .kak nghjp nra;j jpfjp - ksIamdos; oskh
tpahghur; rpd;dk; - jHdmdrsl ,dxPkh ,ytr ,izg;G - fkdusf,a weusKqu
• tpsk;guq;fs; mlq;fpa xyp ehlh

• ghlE}y;
• nrhy;yl;ilfs;
7
Nahfl;
rpWtu;fs; mjpfk; tpUk;Gk; Nghrhf;fhd rpw;Wz;b.
cw;gj;jpahsu;fs; : kpy;Nfh];.
cw;gj;jpj; jpfjp: 2014.10.14.

fhyhtjpahFk; jpfjp : 2014.11.14
tpiy : &gh 40.00.
msT : 50 kp.yP.
fhyhtjpahFk; jpdj;ijg; ghu;j;J thq;Ff.

nghjpapd; epwj;ijg; ghu;j;J thq;Ff.
milahsr; rpd;dj;ijg; ghu;j;J thq;Ff.
,ytr ,izg;igf; Nfl;Lg; ngWf.
ghtid Kiwfisr; rupahfg; gpd;gw;Wf.
vjpu;g;ghw; nrhw;fs;
rpWtd; - rpWkp msrsus <uhd - .eyKq <uhd

khztd; - khztp YsIHhd - YsIHhdj
jha; - je;ij uj - mshd
Mrpupau; - Mrpupau; .=re;=ud - .=re;=ush
• tpsk;guq;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jg; Gjpa nrhw;fis mwpe;J nfhs;thu;.

• tpsk;guq;fspy; ,lk;ngWk; mwptpj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;Fthu;.
• NtW tpsk;guq;fspy; tUk; mwptpj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLf;f Mu;tk; fhl;Lthu;.
8
Nju;r ;r p 1.0 : ehshe;jj; Njitfs; njhlu;ghfj; jahupf;fg;gl;l ,yFthd
$w;Wf;fisr; nrtpkLj;J> mtw;iw ,dq;fz;L Jyq;Fthu;.
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 1.5 : thndhyp> xypehlh xypgug;Gfisr; nrtpkLj;J ,urpg;ghu;.
tpla cs;slf;fk; : eifr;Ritf; fijfs;.
ghlNtis : 02
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• eifr;Ritj;; jfty;fis Mu;tj;Jld;; nrtpkLg;ghu;.

• eifr;Ritf; fijfis tpUk;gpr; nrtpkLj;J ,urpg;ghu;.
• eifr;Ritf; fijfspd; nghUis tpsq;fp ,urpg;ghu;.
• NtW fijfisAk; jfty;fisAk; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;Fthu;.
ghlj;i jj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;g hd MNyhridfs;:
• eifr;Ritj; jfty;fis tpsq;Fk; tifapy; vspikahff; $Wq;fs;.

• nghUis mwpe;J nfhs;s cjTq;fs;.
• rpwpa eifr;Ritf; fijfisf; $Wq;fs;.
• khztu; eifr;Ritf; fijfisr; nrtpkLf;f cw;rhfg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
• NtW xypgug;Gf;fisf; Nfl;L ,urpg;gjw;Fr; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.
ntspehL - msg rg Vkhw;W - rjgkak

J}Jf;FO - oQ; msrsi gzpg;ngz; - fiajsldj
kd;du; - rc;=ud jpifj;J - mqoqug m;ajSh
ghpR - ;E.a. ru;f;fiu - iSks
nflhky; - krlafkdjS mOjthW - wvuska
cyu itj;jy; - fjs,Su jiyahl;Ljy; - ysi fi,jSu
• fijfs; vOjpa nrhy;yl;ilfs;

• fijfs; mlq;fpa xypg;gjpT ehlh
• ghlE}y;
9
njd;dhypuhkd; fij.
ru; f ;f iu kzyhdJ
ntspehl;bypUe;J J}Jf;FO xd;W kd;diug; ghu;gg; jw;fhf te;jpUe;jJ. mtu;fs; kd;dUf;F
ghprhf cau;jukhd ru;f;fiuiag; (rPdp) ghprspj;jdu;. kd;du; rhg;gpl;Lg; ghu;j;jhu;. mjd;
Rit kd;dUf;Fg; gpbj;Jtpl;lJ. ePz;l ehl;fSf;Fg; gOjhfhky; ,Uf;f ru;f;fiuia
cyu itf;FkhW gzpg;ngz;fsplk; xg;gilj;jhu;. ahu; Nfl;lhYk;> ,J ~~ntspehl;L
kz;|| vd;W $WkhW gzpj;jhu;. mtu;fSk; mt;thNw $wp te;jdu;.
njdhypuhkd; ru;f;fiuiaf; fz;lJk; ~~,J vd;d nghUs;?||;vd;W kd;dhplk; Nfl;lhu;.

kd;dUk; ~~,J ntspehl;L kz;|| vdg; gjpyspj;jhu;. tPl;Lf;Fr; nrd;w njdhypuhkd;
jdJ kfdplk; ,ufrpakhf VNjh $wpdhu;. mtDk; kfpo;Tld; jiyia Ml;bf;nfhz;L
~~vdJ jpwikiag; ghUq;fs;;|| vd;whd;.
mLj;jehs;> njdhypuhkd; murUld; muz;kidf;Fs; fijj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhd;. mt;

Ntisapy; njdhypuhkdpd; kfd; mOjthW Xb te;jhd;. ~~mg;gh! vq;fs; tPlL
; g; gRf;fd;W
nrj;Jg; Ngha;r;RJ|| vd;W fjwp mOjhd;. njdhypuhkDk; ~~vd;dlh ,g;gb> vy;Nyhu;
thapYk; kz;iz ms;spg;Nghl;L tpl;Lg; Ngha;tpl;lNj! ,dpNky; ehk; vd;d nra;ag;
NghfpNwhk;|| vd;W fjwpa tz;zk; fhag; Nghl;bUe;j ntspehl;L kz;iz ms;sp
kfDk; je;ijAk; xUtu; thapy; xUtu; Nghl;Lf; nfhz;ldu;.
,tw;iwg; ghu;j;j kd;dd; jpifj;Jg; Ngha; epd;whd;. njdhypuhkd; jd;dplkpUe;j Nky;

Jz;il tphpj;J NkYk; NkYk; ntspehl;L kz;iz ms;spg; Nghl;L mjid %l;ilahff;
fl;bdhd;. ~~tPl;bYs;s vy;NyhuJ thapYk; ,e;j kz;izg; NghL|| vd kfdplk;
nfhLj;jhu;. kfDk; %l;ilia vLj;Jf; nfhz;L tPl;bw;F Xbdhd;. ,jidg; ghu;j;j
kd;du; ~~Nla;! njdhypuhkh eP nra;fpd;w Ntiy cdf;Nf ey;yhapUf;fpwjh? nrhy;Y||
vd;whu;.
~~Vd;? kd;dh! ,J kz;jhNd!|| vd njdhypuhkd; mg;ghtpj;jdkhf Nfl;lhd;. ~~,y;iyalh!

,J ru;f;fiu. cd;id Vkhw;wj;jhd; ntspehl;L kz;|| vd;W nrhd;Ndd; vd muru;
mrL tope;jhu;.
cyu;j;Jjy; - eidj;jy; jsh<Su - f;uSu

rpupj;jy; - mOjy; iskdiSu - we`vSu
Nky; - fPo; Wv - hg
cs;ehL - ntspehL foaYsh - jsfoaYsh
tUjy; - Nghjy; tau - hdu
fzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:
• eifr;Ritj; jfty;fis nrtpkLj;J ,urpj;J ntsp;g;gLj;Jthu;.

• eifr;Ritj; fijfis nrtpkLj;J ,urpg;ghu;.
• eifr;Ritj; jfty;> fijfspd; nghUis mwpe;J $Wthu;.
• NtW eifr;Ritf; fijfisr; nrtpkLj;J ,urpg;ghu;.
10
Nju;r ;r p 2.0 : nghJthd tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghf ntt;NtW jiyg;Gfspy;
ciuahLtjw;F Kd;te;J nraw;gLthu;.
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 2.1 : mwpTWj;jy;fis tpsq;fpr; nraw;gLthu;.
tpla cs;s lf;fk;: itj;jpa MNyhridf;Fg; gjpT nra;jy;.
ghlNtis : 03
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• nghJ ,lq;fspy; fhzf;$ba mwpTWj;jy;fisf; $wpf; fye;JiuahLthu;.

• itj;jparhiyapy; fhzf;$ba mwpTWj;jy;fis Kd;itg;ghu;.
• toq;fg;gLk; mwpTWj;jy;fis Kiwahfr; nrtpkLj;J mjw;Nfw;gj; Jyq;Fthu;.
• MNyhridg; gjptpw;fhd mwpTWj;jy;fis toq;fpg; gjpT nra;Jnfhs;thu;.
• nghJthff; fhzf; $ ba mwpTWj; j y; f is Kd; i tj; J f; (fhl; r pg; g Lj; j p)

fye;JiuahLq;fs;.
• itj;jparhiyapy; fhzf;$ba mwpTWj;jy;fis NtWgLj;jTk; Jyq;fTk; topg;
gLj;Jq;fs;.
• vOkhw;whf mwpTWj;jy;fis toq;fp> mjw;Nfw;gj; Jyq;f topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
• mwpTWj;jy;fis toq;fpg; gjpT nra;Jnfhs;s topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
• nghUj;jkhd fzpg;gPL kjpg;gPLfis Nkw;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
Nehahsp - frda.shd njhlu;ghd - iusnka|

kUe;J - fnfy;a itj;jpau; - ffjoHjrhd
epGzu; - m%jSKhd gjpT - ,shdmosZxps
Neuk; - fjs,dj tUif - meusKSu
fl;lzk; - .dia;=j Fwpj;j Neuk; - kshus; fjs,dj
tuNtw;ghsu; - ms<s.eKSfus ks<Odrs cWjpg;gLj;jy; - ;yjqrelsrSu
• nrhy; ml;ilfs; • ghlE}y;

• khjpup gjpTg; gbtk;
11
gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;
itj;j pa MNyhridg; gjptpw;f hd mwpTWj;j y;f s; .
1. itj;jpa epGzHfspd; Nritf;fhd gjptpid Kd;$l;bNa gjpT nra;J cWjpg;gLj;jpf;

nfhs;Sq;fs;.
2. itj;jpa MNyhridf;fhfg; gjpT nra;j gpd;du; Nehahspfs; tUif juhJ tpbd;
80 rjtPjkhd fl;lzj;jpid khj;jpuNk kPsg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s KbAk;.
3. itj;jpa epGzu;fs; Fwpg;gpl;l Neuj;jpw;F tUif jUtjhy; Kd;$l;bNa Nehahsu;fs;
tUif je;jpUj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
4. itj;jpa MNyhrid ngWtjw;F Kd;du; tuNtw;ghshplk; tUifiaAk; MNyhrid
ngWk; ,lj;jpidAk; cWjpg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.
4. gjpT nra;j xOq;fpy; itj;jpa MNyhrid ngw;Wf; nfhs;sy; Ntz;Lk;.
5. kUj;Jtg; ghpNrhjidfis Nkw;nfhs;tjw;fhd Ma;T$l trjpfs; ,q;F cs;sd.
6. njhlu; kUj;Jt ghPli
; rfSf;F MNyhrid ngw;wtu;fs;> ,q;F mjw;fhd trjpfisg;
ngw;Wf; nfhs;s KbAk;.
kUe;J - xsljk; jsh<Su - T!IO

,lk; - epiyak; ;ek - ia:dkh
ghPl;ir - Nrhjid jsNd.h - mrSlaIKh
RfNjfp - Nehahsp ksfrda.shd - frd.shd

tpUg;G - ntWg;G leu;s - wleu;s
nfhLj;jy; - thq;Fjy; oSu - .ekSu
• nghJ ,lq;fspy; fhzf;$ba mwpTWj;jy;fis Kd;itg;ghu;.

• itj;jparhiyapy; fhzf;$ba mwpTWj;jy;fis Kd;itg;ghu;;.
• toq;fg;gLk; mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;J mjw;Nfw;gj; Jyq;Fthu;.
• jhkhf Kd;te;J mwpTWj;jy;fis toq;Fthu;.
• mwpTWj;jy;fisg; ngw;W itj;jpa MNyhridf;fhd gjptpidr; nra;J fhl;Lthu;.
12
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 2.2 : topelj;jy;fisg; gpd;gw;wp ciuahl Kd;tUthu;.
tpla cs;slf;fk; : Rw;Wyhg; gazj;jpw;F mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; ngWk; topfs;.
ghlNtis : 03.
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• gaz mDkjp ngWtjw;F Njitahd juTfisg; gl;baw;gLj;jpf; $Wthu;.

• khztu;fs; Nrhbahf ,ize;J khjpup mDkjp ngWk; epfo;it elj;jp ciuahbf;
fhl;Lthu;.
• toq;fg;gLk; mwpTWj;jy;fis Kiwahfr; nrtpkLj;Jf; fpufpjJ
; mjw;Nfw;gj; Jyq;fp
mDkjpiag; ngWthu;.
1 • Rw;Wyh nry;YKd;> nry;y Ntz;ba ,lq;fisg; gw;wp fye;JiuahLq;fs;.

2 • ghu;itapLk; ,lq;fspy; mDkjp ngWtjw;Fj; Njitahd juTfisg;
gl;baw;gLj;j topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
3 • khztu;fs; Nrhbahfg; gpupe;J khjpupnahd;iwr; nra;J fhl;l topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
4 • toq;fg;gLk; mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;J mjw;Nfw;gj; Jyq;f topgg; Lj;Jq;fs;.
5 • nghUj;jkhd fzpg;gPL> kjpg;gPLfis Nkw;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
Kftup - ,smskh vj;jid Ngu;? - lSfofkl= o@

tUk; jpfjp - tk oskh khztu;fsh? - YsIHhska o@
Copau;fsh? - fiajlhska o@ miu mDkjpr;rPl;L - nd. m%fjsYm;%h
mDkjpr;rPl;L - m%fjsYm;%h
• nrhy; ml;ilfs;
• ghlE}y;
13
tzf;fk; Iah!
ehq;fs; Rw;Wyh nry;tjw;fhf gaz mDkjp ngw te;Js;Nshk;.
cq;fs; epiyaj;jpd; ngau; vd;d?
vj;jidahk; jpfjp?
vj;jid Ngu; tUtPu;fs;?
rpWtu;fs; vj;jid Ngu;?
ngupatu;fs; vj;jid Ngu;?
Mrpupau;fs; vj;jid Ngu;?
vt;tsT njhif?
xUik - gd;ik
rpWtd; - rpWtu;fs; <uhd - <uhs

Copau; - Copau;fs; luslrejd - luslrefjda
khztd; - khztu;fs; YsIHhd -YsIHfhda
mjpgu; - mjpgu;fs; jsoqy,ah;s - jsoqy,am;sjre
Mrpupau; - Mrpupau;fs; .=rejrhd - .=rejre
• Rw;Wyh nry;Yk; Kd; nra;aNtz;ba Maj;jq;fs; gw;wpf; fye;JiuahLthu;.

• gaz mDkjp ngWtJ njhlu;ghd juTfisg; gl;baw;gLj;jpf; $Wthu;.
• khjpup mDkjpngWk; nraw;ghl;ilr; nra;J fhl;Lthu;.
• toq;fg;gLk; mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;J mDkjp ngWthu;.
14
ciuahLtjw;F Kd;te;J nraw;gLthu;;.
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 2.3 : el;G uPjpahf ciuahLtjw;F Kd;tUthu;.
tpla cs;slf;fk; : tpLKiwapd;NghJ nrd;w Rw;Wyhg; gazk;

njhlu;ghd fye;Jiuahly;.
ghlNtis : 03.
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• nghUj;jkhd nrhw;fis mwpe;J> tpLKiwapy; nrd;w Rw;Wyh gw;wpf; $Wthu;.

• jhd; nrd;w Rw;Wyh njhlu;ghf jdJ ez;gu;fSld; fye;Jiuahl Kidthu;.
• jhd;; nrd;w Rw;Wyh njhlu;ghf jq;fspd; fUj;Jf;fisg; gupkhwpf; nfhs;thu;.
• jhq;fs; nrd;w Rw;Wyhitg; gw;wpa fUj;Jf;fisg; gz;ghff; $w topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

• khztu;ff ; pilNa “ehd; nrd;w Rw;Wyh” njhlu;ghfj; jq;fspd; fUj;ij Kd;itj;J
fye;Jiuahl topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
• jhd; nrd;w Rw;Wyh njhlu;ghfj;q;fspd; fUj;Jf;fisg; gupkhwpf; nfhs;s
topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
Rw;Wyh - pdrsldj re;Njhrk;; - i;=g

Kf;fpaj;Jtk; - jeo.;a vy;NyhUk; - ish,af,dau / yefudau
flw;fiu - uqyqoq fjr< glF - Trej
tpN\rk; - jsfYaI gazr;rPl;L - .uka m;%
moF - ,iaik fl;lhak; - wksjdra h
• nrhy; ml;ilfs;
• ghlE}y;
• Rw;Wyh njhlu;ghd glq;fs;
ePq;fs; tpLKiwf;F vq;Nf nrd;wuP ;fs;?

ahUld; NghdPu;fs;?
vq;nfy;yhk; NghdPu;fs;?
EtnuypahTf;Fr; nrd;Nwhk;.
vq;fs; FLk;gKk; gf;fj;J tPl;L khkh FLk;gKk; nrd;Nwhk;.
`f;fy g+e;Njhl;lk;> cyfKbT> wk;nghl ePu;tPo;r;rp vd gy ,lq;fSf;Fr; nrd;Nwhk;.
15
Rw;Wyhg; gazk;.
eapdhjPTf;Fr; nry;Yjy;.
r[pj; : vdf;F eapdhjPTf;Fg; Nghtjw;F tpUg;gkhapUf;F. vg;gbg; NghtJ?

md;tu; : ,g;g Gifapujj;jpy; aho;g;ghzk; tiu Nghfyhk; my;yth!.
r[pj; : Xk; r[pj;. ePq;fs; FUzhfy; Gifapuj epiyaj;jpy; aho;g;ghzj;jpw;fhd
gazr; rPl;bidg; ngw;Wf;nfhz;L Nghfyhk; jhNd?
md;tu; : aho;g;ghzj;jpy; vq;Nf jq;FtJ?
nfsjk; : vq;fs; tPl;bw;F thUq;fs;. mq;fpUe;J vy;NyhUk; Nru;e;J NghNthk;.
md;tu; : ed;wp nfsjk;. r[pj; cdf;F tpUg;gk; jhNd.
r[pj; : rhpahd tpUg;gk;. nfsjk;> eapdhjPTf;F NeNu g];]py; Nghfyhk; jhNd?
nfsjk; : ,y;iy. Fwpfl;Lthd; vd;w ,lk; tiu g];]py; Ngha;> mq;fpUe;J eapdhjPTf;F
glfpy; nry;y Ntz;Lk;.
md;tu; : mg;gbahdhy; vy;yh xOq;FfisAk; nfsjk; eP nra;thah?
nfsjk; : ,g;gNt mg;ghtplk; nrhy;fpNwd;. mg;gh vy;yhtw;iwAk; nra;J jUthu;.
r[pj; : eapdhjPtpy; vd;d Kf;fpaj;Jtk; cs;sJ?
nfsjk; : eapdhjPtpy; gpurpj;jkhd Nfhapy;fs; cs;sd. ehfG+rzp mk;kd; Nfhapy;>
ehftpfhiu cs;sd. NkYk; mofpa flw;gug;igAk; njhiytpy; neLe;jT P >
mdiyjPT> vOit jPTfisAk; ghu;f;fyhk;.
md;tu; : ed;wp> fl;lhak; vy;NyhUk; NghNthk;.
gpd;tUk; thf;fpaq;fis rpq;fsj;jpy; nkhopngau;f;Ff.
,J vdJ CH.
-------------------------------------------
ehk; Gifapujj;jpy; nry;Nthk;.
-------------------------------------------
ehk; glfpy; nry;Nthk;.
-------------------------------------------
neLe;jPTf;Fg; NghNthkh?
------------------------------------------
xj;jfUj;Js;s nrhw;fs;.
Gifapujk; - Giftz;b oQusrh

s
gazk; - gpuahzk; .uk
tPL - ,y;yk; - kid ksji
vy;NyhUk; - midtUk; yefudau
NgUe;J - g]; nih
fly; - rKj;jpuk;; uqyoq
njhiyT - J}uk; wE;
• tpLKiwapy; jhq;fs; nrd;w Rw;Wyhitg; gw;wpa fUj;Jf;fis Kd;itg;ghu;.

• jhd; nrd;w Rw;Wyhitg; gw;wpj; jdJ ez;gDld; fye;JiuahLthu;.
• jhq;fs; nrd;w Rw;Wyhitg; gw;wp el;G uPjpahff; fUj;Jf;fisg; gupkhwpf; nfhs;thu;.
16
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 2.4 : jfty;fisg; gupkhwpf; nfhs;tjw;fhf ciuahLthu;.
tpla cs;slf;fk; : njhiye;j Gj;jfk; gw;wpa jfty;fis tpdhTjy;.
ghlNtis : 03
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• njhiye;j nghUl;fisg; gw;wpa tplaq;fisf; fye;JiuahLthu;.

• njhiye;j nghUs; njhlu;ghd tplaq;fis ,dq;fhZk; tifapy; tpdhf;fis
vOg;Gthu;.
• njhiye;j nghUs; njhlu;ghf vOg;gg;gLk; tpdhf;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jg; gz;ghf
tpilaspg;ghu;.
• njhiye;j nghUisj; NjLtjw;Fg; nghUj;jkhd tpdhf;fisAk; tpilfisAk;
$wpf; fye;Jiuahbr; nraw;gLthu;.
• Vw;fdNt njhiye;j nghUl;fisg; gw;wp fye;Jiuahl khztu;fis topgg; Lj;Jq;fs;.

• njhiye;j Gj;jfk; njhlu;ghd tpdhf;fis vOg;Gtjw;Fj; JizGupAq;fs;.
• njhiye;j nghUs; (Gj;jfk;) njhlu;ghf vOg;gg;gLk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspf;f
topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
• njhiye;j nghUisj; NjLtjw;Fg; nghUj;jkhd tpdhf;fisAk; tpilfisAk;
gupkhw topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
vg;NghJ? - ljodo @ ghu;j;jPu;fsh? - ne,qjd o @

vd;d? - fudloao @ fz;Bu;fsh? - oqgqjd o @
vq;Nf? - fldfyao @ vLj;juP ;fsh? - .;a;do @
njhiye;jJ - ke;sjsh ePy epwk; - ks,a mdg
ciw - ljrh
• nrhy; ml;ilfs;
• ghlE}y;
• cz;ikg; nghUs;fs;
17
Fkhu;: vd;Dila jkpo; Gj;jfj;ij ghu;j;jPu;fsh?

fy;fp: ,y;iy> vd;d Gj;jfk;> Gj;jfj;jpd; Nkyl;il vd;d epwk;?
Fkhu;: xU ePy epw ciw. vd;Dila ngaiu vOjpapUf;fpNwd;.
fy;fp: vg;NghJ fhzhky; NghdJ?
Fkhu;: New;W gpd;Nduk; fz;ldhd;.
fy;fp: cd;Dila Nkirapy; Njbg;ghu;g;Nghk;.
Fkhu;: ehd; vy;yh ,lKk; Njbg;ghu;j;jdhd;. vdf;F ,g;g NtZk;.
fy;fp: ahUf;fhtJ nfhLj;jpah? Nahrpr;Rg; ghu;.
Fkhu;: k;...k;... New;WtPl;L Nty nra;jdhd;. tPl;byjhd; tpl;Ll;L te;Jtpl;Nld;.
fy;fp: ey;y Ms;jhd; eP.......
Gj;jfk; - E}y; fmd;

ngau; - ehkk; ku
gpd;Nduk; - khiy yji
njhiye;jJ - fhzhky; NghdJ ke;sjsh
nghUs; - gz;lk; NdKavh
tpdh - Nfs;tp m%Yakh
tpil - kWnkhop W;a;r
cz;ik - nka; we;a;
• jhd; njhiyj;j nghUs; njhlu;ghd tplaq;fis Kd;itj;J ciuahLthu;.

• njhiye;j nghUs; njhlu;ghd tpdhf;fis vOg;gp ciuahLthu;.
• njhiye;j nghUs; njhlu;ghd tpdhf;fSf;F tpil $wp kfpo;r;rpahfr; nraw;gLthu;.
• njhiye;j nghUisj; Njbg; ngWtjw;Fg; nghUj;jkhd tpdhf;fisAk; tpilfisAk;
Kd;itj;Jf; fye;JiuahLthu;.
18
: nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fspy; <LgLtjw;fhfr; nraw;gLthu;.

Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 2.5
tpla cs;slf;fk; : rpukjhdk; eilngWk; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; ciuahLjy;.
ghlNtis : 03
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• ,lj;jpw;Fg; nghUj;jkhd tifapy; gz;ghd gjq;fisf; ifahz;L ciuahLthu;.

• jq;fSf;Fj; Njitahd nghUisg; ngWtjw;fhfg; gy;NtW tpdhf;fis vOg;gp
ciuahl Kd;tUthu;.
• rf ez;gu;fSld; ,ize;J nraw;gLtjw;fhf ciuahLthu;.
• rpukjhdj;jpd;NghJ rf ez;gu;fSld; me;epNahd;akhf ciuahLthu;.
• ,lj;jpw;Fg; nghUj;jkhd tifapy; ciuahl topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

• jq;fSf;Fj; Njitahd nghUisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; tifapy; ciuahl
topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
• rpukjhdj;jpd;NghJ fhzg;gLk; gy;NtW eltbf;iffspD}lhfg; gz;ghf ciuahl
topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
rpukjhdk; - Y%uodkh rpy;Ytz;b - lr;a;h

kz;ntl;b - Woe,a, NjePu; - f;a
mythq;F - w,jx.=j ghz; - mdka
fj;jp - msysh rPdp - iSkS
,Oq;fs; - woskak js;Sq;fs; - ;,a,qlrkak
• nrhy; ml;ilfs;
• ghlE}y;
19
kz;ntl;biaj; jhUq;fs;
vy;NyhUk; thUq;fs;
ghz; rhg;gpLq;fs;
Nru;e;J ,Og;Nghk;
tpiuthf Ntiyiar; nra;Nthk;.
jd;ik W;a;u mqreI Kd;dpiy uOHu mqreI glu;f;if m%:u mqreI
ehd; rhg;gpLfpNwd;. ePq;fs; rhg;gpLfpwPu;fs;. mtu;fs; rhg;gpLfpwhu;fs;.

ehd; NghfpNwd;. ePq;fs; NghfpwPu;fs;. mtu;fs; Nghfpwhu;fs;.
ehd; jUfpNwd;. ePq;fs; jUfpwPu;fs;. mtu;fs; jUfpwhu;fs;.
ehd; nra;fpNwd;. ePq;fs; nra;fpwPu;fs;. mtu;fs; nra;fpwhu;fs;.
ehd; Fbf;fpNwd;. ePq;fs; Fbf;fpwPu;fs;. mtu;fs; Fbf;fpwhu;fs;.
• ,lj;jpw;Fg; nghUj;jkhd Kiwapy; gz;ghf tpdhntOg;gp ciuahLthu;.

• Njitahd nghUisg; ngWk;nghUl;L tpdhntOg;gpr; nrtpkLj;J ciuahLthu;.
• nraw;ghLfspd;NghJ mLj;jtu;fspd; cjtpfisg; ngWk; tifapy; ciuahw;Wthu;.
• rpukjhdj;jpd;NghJ epfo;e;jtw;iwj; njhFj;J Kd;itg;ghu;.
20
ciuahLtjw;F Kd;te;J nraw;gLthu;
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 2.6 : rpwpathf;fpaq;fisg; gad;;g:Lj;jp ciuahLtjw;F Kd;tUthu;

;
tpla cs;s lf;fk;: khztu; kd;wk; mikj;jy;.
ghlNtis : 03
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• nghJthd ,lq;fspy; gz;ghff; fye;JiuahLthu;.

• nghJ ,lq;fspy; jq;fsJ fUj;Jf;fisg; gupkhWk; tifapy; ciuahl Kd;tUthu;.
• rpwpa thf;fpaq;fSf;F nkU$l;br; rigapy; ciuahLthu;.
• epu;thfk; njhlu;ghd fUj;Jf;fis cupa Kiwapy; Kd;itj;J ciuahLthu;.
• epfo;r;rpfs; njhlu;ghd fUj;Jf;fis Kd;itj;J njspthf ciuahLthu;.
• nghJ ,lq;fspy; gz;ghf ciuahl cjTq;fs;.

• nghJ ,lq;fspy; jq;fsJ Ra fUj;ij gz;ghf Kd;itf;f cjTq;fs;.
• epu;thf njupT njhlu;ghd gjq;fis Kd;itj;J cjTq;fs;.
epu;thfk; - ldra h uKav,h / mrsmd,kh nghUshsu; - NdKavd.drsl

jiytu; - kdhlhd topnkhopjy; - i:Sr lsrSu
nrayhsu; - f,alus njupT - f;arSu
,yf;fpak; - idys;H Kd;nkhopjy; - fhackd lsrSu
Ngr;R - l:d Muk;gk; - wdrusNh
gpNuuiz - fhdackd cWg;gpdu; - idudcsl
• nrhy; ml;ilfs;
• ghlE}y;
Mrpupau; : rigapy; cs;stu;fs;> nrayhsu; xUtiu Kd;nkhopAq;fs;.

khztd; 1 : ehd; juk; 11 r; Nru;e;j P. %u;j;jpia nrayhsuhf Kd;nkhopfpNwd;.
Mrpupau; : mij ahuhtJ topnkhopAq;fs;.
khztd; 2 : mij ehd; topnkhopfpNwd;.
Mrpupau; : mij Vfkdjhf vy;NyhUk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpwPu;fsh?
NtW gpNuuizfs; ,Ue;jhy; Kd;itf;fyhk;. ,y;yhtpby; jiytu;>
nghUshsu; vd epu;thf cWg;gpdu;fisj; njupT nra;ayhk;.
21
thf;fpa mikg;G.
ehd; nrayhsiuj; njhpT nra;fpNwd;

uu f,alusjrhdj fhdackd lrus
ehd; nghUshsiuj; njhpT nra;fpNwd;.
uu NdKavdldrsl jrhdj fhdackd lrus
Vida epu;thf cWg;gpdu;fisj; njhpT nra;Js;Nshk;.
wks;a mrsmd,k idudcslhka fhdackd flf<uq
ehk; khztu; kd;wj;jpid mikj;Js;Nshk;.
wms YsIH ix.uh msysgqfjuq
• nghJ mitfspy; gz;;ghf ciuahLthu;.

• nghJ ,lq;fspy; jq;fsJ fUj;Jf;fis Kd;itg;ghu;.
• epu;thf uPjpahd gjtpfis mwpe;J> mit njhlu;ghd tplaq;fis Kd;itg;ghu;.
• epu;thf mwpf;iff;fhd tplaq;fisj; njhFj;J Kd;itg;ghu;.
22
Nju;r ;r p 3.0 : ehshe;jj; NjitfSf;fhf ntt;NtW re;ju;g;gq;fspy;
ciuahba mwpKfkhd mwpKfkw;w nrhw;fs;>
nrhw;nwhlu;fspy; cs;s Kf;fpakhd tplaq;fisf; fpufpj;J
thrpg;ghu;.
Nju;r ;r p 3.1 : fbjq;fisAk; NtW gbtq;fisAk; tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.
tpla cs;slf;fk; : njhopy; Kiwf;fbjk;
ghlNtis : 03
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• jug;gl;l fbjq;fis tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.

• ghlg;gFjpapy; tUk; fbjj;ij Mu;tj;JlDk; tpUg;gj;JlDk; thrpg;ghu;.
• Gjpa nrhw;fs;> nrhw;njhlu;fis ,dq;fz;L thrpj;Jf; fhl;Lthu;.
• ghlE}ypypUe;J fbjq;fis milahsq;fhl;b> fbjq;fis thrpg;ghu;.
• njhopy;Kiwf; fbjq;fisf; fhl;rpg;gLj;jpf; fye;JiuahLq;fs;.

• vOkhwhf khztiu mioj;J khjpupf; fbjj;ij cuj;J thrpf;f topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
• FOf;fshfg; gpupj;Jg; ghlE}ypy; cs;s fbjj;ij xUtu; thrpf;f> VidNahiu
mtjhdpf;fr; nra;Aq;fs;.
KfTiu - yeoskajSu tWik - oqmam;alu ed;wp - ia;+;shs

fbjk; - ,shqus fy;tp - wOHdmkh Rfk; - ikSmh
md;Gs;s - wdorh kjpg;G - .re;ajh ez;gd; - us;=rd
nra;jp - m%jD;s ez;gp - us;=rsh Kftup - ,smskh
KOg;ngau; - iusmQra K ku
• nra;jpj; JZf;Ffs; • ghlE}y;

• khjpupf; fbjq;fs; • gbtq;fs;
23
jp. rNg];>
juk; 11>
nfh/Nwhay; fy;Yhup>
nfhOk;G.
2015.01.20.
tFg;ghrpupau;>
juk; 11>
nfh/Nwhay; fy;Yhup>
nfhOk;G.
Iah>
ghlrhiyf;F rKfkspf;f Kbahik
ehisa jpdk; vdJ cwtpdu; xUtUf;Fj; jpUkzk; elf;ftpUg;gjhy; md;iwa

jpdk; ehDk; mj;jpUkzj;jpw;Fr; nry;y Ntz;bAs;sJ.
vdNt> md;iwa jpdj;jpy; vdf;F xU ehs; tpLKiw je;J cjTkhW jathff;

Nfl;Lf; nfhs;fpNwd;.
ed;wp.
,g;gbf;F>
cz;ikAs;s>
khztd;>
jp.rNg];.
thf;fpa mikg;G.
kuj;jhy; nra;ag;gl;l Nkir

.fika idok ,o fusih
kuj;jhy; tpOe;j gok;
.fika jegqKq m<;=r
kfhj;kh fhe;jpahy; vOjg;gl;l rj;jpa Nrhjid.
uyd;aud .dkaos ;=ud jsiska ,shk ,o i;H fidaaoffk
,yq;ifahy; Kd;itf;fg;gl;l Nfhupf;if
,xldfjka bosrsm;a l< b,a,Su
mjpguhy; $wg;gl;l Gj;jpkjp
jsoqy,am;s ;=ud jsiska mjik ,o wjjdo
• jug;gl;l gFjpia cuj;J thrpg;ghu;.

• fbj cs;slf;fq;fis thrpj;J tpsq;fpf; $Wthu;.
• NtW nra;jpfis thrpj;Jf; fhl;l Kd;tUthu;.
• ruskhf thrpj;Jf; fhl;Lthu;.
24
Nju;r ;r p 3.0 : ehshe;j NjitfSf;fhf ntt;NtW re;ju;gg
; q;fspy; ciuahba
mwpKfkhd mwpKfkw;w nrhw;fs; nrhw;nwhlu;fspy; cs;s
Kf;fpakhd tplaq;fisf; fpufpj;J thrpg;ghu;.
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 3.2 : ,yf;fpaq;fis tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.
tpla cs;s lf;fk;: ,uhkhazk; ciug;gFjp.
ghlNtis : 03.
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• ciug;gFjpia cuj;J thrpg;ghu;.

• thrpg;Gg; nghwpKiwfis mDrupj;J ciug;gFjpia thrpg;ghu;.
• ciug;gFjpapd; cs;slf;fq;fis fpufpj;J thrpg;ghu;.
• thrpj;j gFjpia tpsq;fpf; $Wthu;.
• ,uhkhazf; fijiar; RUf;fkhff; fye;JiuahLq;fs;.

• khztu;fs;> jkf;Fj; njupe;j ,uhkhazr; rk;gtq;fisf; $Wtjw;F re;ju;g;gk;
toq;Fq;fs;.
• ciug;gFjpia tpUg;gj;Jld; thrpf;f Cf;fg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
• khztu;fs; jdpahfNth / FOthfNth thrpg;gjw;F trjpaspAq;fs;.
fhL - le,Ej fUiz - lreKdj gwj;jy; - b.s,Su

Mfhak; - wyi xsp - wdf,dalh mopj;jy; - jskdYlsrSu
fij - l;kaorh tho;f;if - cSjs;h ,yq;if - ,xldj
rPij - iSohs îS;d l=ursh& ,Us; - w|qr rpiw - isrf.or
,uhkd; - brduka^rdu l=ure& mDkhd; - wkqudka ^ykqud& capu; - mK
• ,uhkhazf; fij mlq;fpa tPbNah

• XbNahf; fhl;rp
• ghlE}y;
• glq;fs;
• ,yq;if ,e;jpa tiuglq;fs;
25
,uhkhazr; rk;gtj;jpd; RUf;fk;.
,uhkdpd; kidtp rPijia ,yq;if kd;ddhd ,uhtzd; G\;gf tpkhdj;jpy;

ftu;e;J nfhz;L ,yq;iff;F te;jhd;. rPijiaj; Njb> mDkhdpd; cjtpAld;
,uhku; ,yq;iff;F te;jhu;. ,uhku;> ,uhtzDld; Aj;jk; Ghpe;J rpiw
itf;fg;gl;bUe;j rPijia kPlL
; r; nrd;whu;.
thf;fpa mikg;G.
,yq;iff;F te;jhd; - ,xldjg wdfjs h

NfhapYf;Fr; nrd;whd; - fldajs,g .sfha h
flTSf;Fg; gilj;jhu;fs; - fojshkag mQcd lf<da h
tPLfSf;Fr; nrd;whu;fs; - ksfjiaj,g .sfhda h
ez;gu;fSf;F nfhLj;jhu;fs; - us;=rkag oqkafkda h
Nkyjpfr; nraw;g hL.

GJtUlg; gpwg;G.
jkpo; rpq;fsg; GJtUlk; Vg;gpuy; khjk; 14 Me; jpfjp ,yq;ifapy; ntF

FJ}fykhff; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. jkpou;fs; GJtUlj;jpdj;jd;W kUj;J ePu;
itj;J ePuhb Gj;jhil mzpe;J NfhapYf;Fr; nrd;W topghLfs; nra;tu;.
mjd; gpd;du; nghq;fy; nghq;fp flTSf;Fg; gilj;J cwtpdu;fSlDk;

ez;gu;fSlDk; gfpu;e;J cz;gu;. md;iwa jpdk; gapw;wk; gyfhuk;> mhpajuk;>
KWf;F> til Nghd;w gyfhuq;fisg; gfpue; J
; nfhs;tu;. Rg Neuj;jpy; cwtpdu;
tPLfspw;Fr; nrd;W, jkJ cwT Kiwfis tsu;j;Jf; nfhs;tu;.
RgNeuj;jpy; iftpNrlq;fisg; nghpatu;fsplkpUe;J ngw;Wf; nfhs;tu;. Rg

Neuj;jpy; Rgfhupaq;ifsAk; njhopyf
; isAk; njhlq;Ftu;. njhlu;eJ ; Gj;jhz;Lf;
nfhz;lhl;lq;fspy; <LgLtu;. ,q;F ghuk;ghpa tpisahl;Lf;fs;> epfo;Tfs;
,lk;ngWk;. tpNrlkhf tz;by; rthup> fpspj;jl;L> fplb
; g; Gy;Y> Nghu;jN
; jq;fha;
mbj;jy;> fpLF gpd;Djy; Nghd;w Nghl;b epfo;Tfis kf;fs; ,ize;J elhj;jp
kfpot
; u;.
• Fwpj;j gFjpia cuj;J thrpj;Jf; fhl;Lthu;.

• ciug;gFjpapy; gpujhd fUj;ijr;; RUf;fkhff; $Wthu;.
• Vida khztUld; thrpj;j gFjp gw;wpf; fye;JiuahLthu;.
• fijapy; tUk; tpOkpaf; fUj;Jf;fisf; $Wthu;.
26
; q;fspy; ciuahba
mwpKfkhd> mwpKfkw;w nrhw;fs;> nrhw;nwhlu; fspy; cs;s
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 3.3 : mwpTWj;jy;fis tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.
tpla cs;s lf;fk; : itj;jpau; toq;Fk; mwpTWj;jy;fs;.
ghlNtis : 03
fw;ww; NgWfs; :
• mwpTWj;jy;fSf;F Vw;gr; nraw;gLthu;.

• mwpTWj;jy;fspy; tUk; Gjpa nrhw;fis tpUg;gj;Jld; thrpg;ghu;.
• itj;jpaupdhy; vOjp toq;fg;gLk; mwpTWj;jy;fis tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.
• NtW mwpTWj;jy;fis tpsq;fp; thrpg;ghu;.
• mwpTWj;jy;fisf; fhl;rpg;gLj;jp> thrpj;Jf; fhl;Lq;fs;.

• xt;nthU khztUk; thrpg;gjw;F tha;g;gspAq;fs;.
• khztu;fs; FOthf ,aq;fp thrpg;gjw;F topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
• tpisahl;L %yk; ghlE}ypYs;s mwpTWj;jy;fis thrpj;Jr; nraw;gl trjp
nra;Aq;fs;.
• khztu; ,lUWk; NghJ cjtp mtu;fis Cf;fg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
itj;jparhiy - frday, fhiy - Wfoa itAq;fs; - ;shkak

kUe;J - fnfy;a khiy - iji FbAq;fs; - fndkak
khj;jpiu - fm;s ,uT - rd;%s jtpu;f;fTk; - j,lskak
tpUg;gk; - leu;s ghJfhg;ghf - mrsifuka %d;W Neuk; - ;=ka fjs,la
Fg;igfis ,q;Nf Nghl Ntz;lhk; - le<s li, fuys oukak tmd

ntw;wpiy rhg;gpl Ntz;lhk; - nq<;a lkak tmd
Gifj;jy; jil - oqus nSu ;ykus
tyg;gf;fkhfr; nry;yTk; - ol=Kq miska .uka lrkak
• ghlE}y; • glq;fSldhd mwpTWj;jy;fs;

• nrhy; ml;ilfs;
27
gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs; :
Nehahsp : tzf;fk; Iah!

itj;jpau; : tzf;fk;> fjpiuapy; mkUq;fs;.
Nehahsp : fz;gupNrhjpf;Fk; ml;ilia thrpj;jy;.
EEEEEEE
EEEEEEE
EEEEEEE
EEEEEEE
EEEEEEE
(fz;ghpNrhjid ml;ilia gad;gLj;JtJ rpwe;jJ.)
thf;fpa mikg;G.
Nkirapy; fz;zhb - fusifha lKaKdvshla

itj;jparhiyapy; Neahspfs; - frdayf,a frda.sfhda
Fg;igapy; fpUkpfs; - li<j, Y=o%cSjska
fz;zpy; J}R - wefia oQjs,s
tyJgf;fj;jpy; fil - ol=Kq miska lvhla
fjpiuapy; ,Uq;fs; - mqgqfjs jdvsfjkak
cztpy; Nghrhf;F - lEuj, fmdaIKh
mwpTWj;jy;fspy; ftdQ; nrYj;Jq;fs; - Wmfoaiaj,g wjOdkh fhduqlrkak
Mw;wpy; kPd;fs; - .f.a ud,qfjda
mYkhhpapy; itAq;fs; - w,audrsfha ;shkak
fzpg;gPL kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:
• mwpTWj;jy;fisr; rupahf thrpj;Jf; fhl;Lthu;.

• Gjpa nrhw;fis ,dq;fz;L $Wthu;.
• mwpTWj;jy;fis Vw;W elf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gijf; $Wthu;.
• itj;jpau;> Nehahsp ghj;jpuNkw;W> mwpTWj;jy;fis thrpj;Jr; nraw;gLthu;.
28
Nju;r ;r p 3.0 : ehshe;j NjitfSf;fhf ntt;NtW re;ju;gg; q;fspy; ciuahba
mwpKfkhd> mwpKfkw;w nrhw;fs;> nrhw;nwhlu;fspy; cs;s
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 3.4 : fl;Gy> nrtpg;Gy rhjdq;fspy; jfty;fisg; ghu;j;J tpsq;fp

thrpg;ghu;.
tpla cs;s lf;fk; : gj;jpupiffspy; ,lk; ngWk; jiyg;Gr; nra;jpfs;.
ghlNtis : 03
fw;ww; NgWfs; :
• fl;Gy> nrtpg;Gy rhjdq;fisAk; mtw;wpypUe;J; jfty;fisg; ngWk; topfisAk;

$Wthu;.
• jfty;fis / jiyg;Gr; nra;jpfis tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.
• md;whlk; gj;jpupifr; nra;jpfis Mu;tj;NjhL tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.
• fl;Gy> nrtpg;Gy rhjdq;fisf; fhl;rpg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

• mtw;wpy; ehk; ngWk; jfty;fs; / nra;jpfs; njhlu;ghff; fye;JiuahLq;fs;.
• ghlg;gFjpapYs;s gj;jpupifr; nra;jpfis tpsq;fp thrpf;f topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
• khztu; ,lUWk; NghJ cjtp mtu;fis Cf;fg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
gpujhd nra;jpfs; - m%Odk mqj;a eilngWk; - mefj;ajk

jiyg;Gr; nra;jpfs; - YSra Y mdG md;whlk; - oskm;d
thndhyp - .=jkajsoq,sh njhiyf;fhl;rp - rEmjdysksh
njhiyNgrp - oqrl:kh Kfg;Gj;jfk; - uqyqKq fmd;
kpd;dQ;ry; - jsoHq;a ;emE, kjpg;gPL - we.hSu
cs;ehL - foaYsh ntspehL - jsfoaYsh
,d;W ,bAld; $ba kio nga;Ak;.

wo wl=Kq .iuska jeis jis;.
mnkupf;f rdhjpgjp ,e;jpah tp[ak;;.
wfursldkq ckm;s;=ud bkaoshdfjs ixpdrfhla;.
%tpd kf;f Sk; xw;Wikahf tho;Nthk;;.
cd;ska ;=ku iu.sfhaka cSj;a fjuq;.
29
• ghlE}y;
• fl;Gy> nrtpg;Gy rhjdq;fs;
• thf;fpa ml;ilfs;
gapw;r p ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs; :
gj;jpupifj; jiyg;Gr; nra;jpfisg; gpujp nra;J / jiyg;Gr; nra;jpfis ntl;b

vLj;Jf; fhl;rpg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
thf;fpa mikg;G.
kztu;fsJ jpwikfs; - YsIHkaf.a yelshdj

ghlrhiyapdJ Kd;Ndw;wk; - mdif,a ixjra Okh
gj;jphpiffspdJ jiyg;Gr; nra;jpfs; - mqj;am;aj, isria;,
jiytu;fspdJ Mw;wy;fs; - kdhlhskaf.a ksmqK;ajh
Clfq;fspdJ nghWg;Gf;fs; - udOHj, j.lSu
fzpg;g PL kjpg;gPL k; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:
• njhlu;Gr; rhjdq;fis tifg;gLj;Jthu;.

• nra;jpfisr; ruskhf tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.
• jiyg;Gr; nra;jpfis thrpg;gjw;fhf Kd;tUthu;.
• NtW Clfj; jfty;fis tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.
30
; q;fspy; ciuahba
mwpKfkhd> mwpKfkw;w nrhw;fs;> nrhw;nwhlu;fspy; cs;s
Kf;fpakhd tplaq;fisf; fpufpj;J vOJthu;.
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 4.1 : tpguq;fs; cs;slq;fpa ge;jpfis vOJthu;.
tpla cs;slf;fk; : kuq;fis eLNthk; gad; ngWNthk;. ( fl;Liu )
ghlNtis : 4
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• thf;fpa ,iaGld; thf;fpaq;fis vOjpf; fhl;Lthu;.

• rupahd thf;fpaq;fisg; ge;jpahf tpupj;njOJthu;.
• cupa jfty;fis cs;slf;fpa ge;jpfis vOJthu;.
• ghlypypUe;J thf;fpaq;fis cUthf;Fthu;.
• ge;jpfs; nfhz;l fl;Liu vOJthu;.
• jiyg;gpw;F Vw;g vOJthu;.
• nrhy;yl;ilfisf; fhl;rpg;gLj;jp, thf;fpaq;fis vOj topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

• rpwpa rpwpa ge;jpfis cUthf;f trjp nra;Aq;fs;.
• ge;jpfis tpupj;njOJjy; gw;wpf; fye;JiuahLq;fs;.
• khztu;fs; ,lUWk; NghJ cjTq;fs;.
fhw;W - iq<.Z tpj;J - wegh

fha; - wuq f.vsh fdp - bospsp f.vsh
kio - jeiai epyk; - fmd<j
cuk; - fmdfydr kUe;J - fnfy;
• nrhy; ml;ilfs;
• vOJjhs;> vOJ fUtpfs;
• ghlE}y;
31
kuk; tsh;g;Nghk;.
kuq;fs; ehl;bd; tskhk; kz;zpy; el;lhy; eykhk;.
fz;Zf;Ff; Fspu;r;rp je;jpLkhk; fhAk; fdpAk; nfhLj;jpLkhk;.
kUe;J nra;a cjtpLkhk; kf;fs; eyKk; fhj;jpLkhk;.
ePiuj; Njf;fp itj;jpLkhk; epyj;ij cWjpaha;r; nra;jpLkhk;.
kioAk; kuj;jhy; nga;jpLkhk; jioAk; cukha; khwpLkhk;.
mLg;Gk; vhpf;f cjtpLkhk; Mw;wpd; fiuiaf; fhj;jpLkhk;.
E}jdk; kpf;f kuq;fnsy;yhk; E}W tUlk; tho;e;jpLkhk;.
Mjyhy;; tsu;g;Nghk; khe;jNu MSf;nfhd;wha; kuq;fisNa!
kuq; f s; .
kuq;fs; vkJ Rw;whlYf;F gRikiaj; jUfpd;wd. rpwpa jhtuq;fs; nrbfs;

vdg;gLk;. ngupa jhtuq;fs; kuq;fs; vdg;gLk;. kuq;fs; vkf;Fj; J}a;ikahd
fhw;iwAk; epoiyAk; jUfpd;wd. kuq;fs; kio nga;tjw;F cjTfpd;wd. kh>
gyh> thio Nghd;wd cztpw;fhf fha; goq;fisj; jUfpd;wd. gy kuq;fspd;
Ntu;> gl;il> ,iy> G+> fha;> tpj;J Kjypad kUe;jhfTk; gad;gLfpd;wd.
kuq;fs; jsghlq;fs;> thfdq;fs; nra;tjw;Fk; tPL fl;Ltjw;Fk; gad;gLfpd;wd.
01. kuq;fs; Rw;whlYf;F vtw;iwj; jUfpd;wd?

02. rpwpa jhtuq;fs; vt;thW miof;fg;gLk;?
03. kuq;fs; vd;W vtw;iwf; $Wtu;?
04. kuq;fspdhy; ngwg;gLk; gad;fs; vit?
thf;fpa mikg;G.
kuj;jpy; fha;fs; - .iska f.vss

fz;zpy; fz;zPu; - weiska loq,q
goj;jpy; Rit - m<;=fra ri
kiyapd;fz; Cw;W - lkafoa we;s W,am;
gj;jpupifapd; jiyg;Gr; nra;jp - mqj;am;aj, isria;,
• thf;fpaq;fisr; rupahd tifapy; vOJthu;.

• thf;fpaq;fisg; ge;jpahf tpupj;njOJthu;.
• ge;jpaikg;gpy; Gjpa Gjpa nrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;Jthu;.
• jiyg;gpw;F Vw;g ge;jpfisr; Rakhf Mf;Fthu;.
32
; q;fspy; ciuahba
mwpKfkhd> mwpKfkw;w nrhw;fs;> nrhw;nwhlu; fspy; cs;s
Kf;fpakhd tplaq;fisf; fpufpj;J vOJthu;.
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 4.2 : tpgukhd> Mf;fg+u;tkhd ge;jpfis vOJthu;.
tpla cs;s lf;fk;: Rw;Wyhg; gazj;jpd; NghJ fz;Lfspj;j Xu; ,lk; gw;wpa
tpguk;. (kpUff; fhl;rpr;rhiy)
ghlNtis : 04
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• Fwpj;j jiyg;gpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;l nrhw;fspd; cjtpAld; thf;fpaq;fis vOJthu;.

• Fwpj;j jiyg;gpy; thf;fpaq;fis ,izj;Jg; ge;jpfis vOJthu;.
• cupa jfty;fis cs;slf;fp tpgukhf vOJthu;.
• gbKiw tsu;r;rpapy; ge;jpfis xOq;Fld; vOJthu;.
• Fwpj;j jiyg;Gfisf; fhl;rpg;gLj;jp rpy nrhw;fisAk; toq;fpg; ge;jpnahd;iw

vOJtjw;F topfhl;Lq;fs;.
• Gs;sp tpguq;fs;> cjhuzq;fs;> vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf;fs; nfhz;l ge;jpfis vOj cjTq;fs;.
• khztu;fisf; FOf;fshf;fp xt;nthU FOTf;Fk; jiyg;Gf;fs; toq;fp thf;fpaq;fis
vOjTk; tpgukhd ge;jpfis cUthf;fTk; trjp nra;Aq;fs;.
• cUthf;fpa tpgukhd ge;jpfis Kd;itf;fr; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.
kpUff;fhl;rpr;rhiy - i;a;=j;a; tpyq;Ffs; - i;=ka

gwitfs; - mlaIska gue;j ,lk; - me;sreKq m%foaYh
kPd;fs; - ud,q tpguk; - jsia;rh
tpiuthf - fjs.fhka fhw;W - iq<`.
ge;jpfs;; - fPo Rw;Wyh - pdrsldj
fl;Liu - rpkdj gazk; - .uk
jiyg;G - ud;Dldj cly; - YrSrh
• jiyg;G ml;ilfs;
• ghlE}y;
• nrayl;ilfs;
• bikl;; jhs;fs;
33
kPdn
; jhl;b.
kPd;njhl;bia tPlb; y; itf;Fk; NghJ ,ila+W ,y;yhj ,lj;jpy; itf;f

Ntz;Lk;. kPd; njhl;biaf; fPNo itf;f KbahJ. caukhd ,lj;jpy; jhd;
itf;f Ntz;Lk;. ntg;g epiyiar; rPuhf itj;Jf;nfhs;s ek; clypdhy;
KbAk;. Mdhy;> kPd;fshy; KbahJ. vdNt> kPd; njhl;bia itf;Fk;
,lk; ntspr;rKk; fhw;Nwhl;lKk; cs;s ,lkhf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
kpUff; fhl;rpr;rhiy.
mg;gh vd;id mioj;Jr; nrd;whu; mq;F Xu; ,lk;

mq;fpUe;j FapYk; kapYk; Mbj; jphpe;jd.
nghy;yh ehpAk; GDFg; G+idAk; vy;yhk; epd;wd.
Fl;b khd;fs; xl;lfr; rptpq;fp $l ,Ue;jd.
Fuq;F vd;idg; ghu;j;Jg; ghu;j;J FW FW vd;wJ.

ahid xd;W fhijf; fhij Ml;b epd;wJ.
Kjiy jiyiaj; J}f;fpg; ghu;;jJ ; %r;R tpl;lJ.
fub $l cWkpf; nfhz;Nl fhiyj; J}f;fpw;W.
rpWj;ij xd;W Nfhgj;NjhL rPwpg; ghu;j;jJ.

mq;F vq;fs; mUfpNyNa rpq;fk; epd;wJ.
fub rpq;fk; Gypiaf; fz;Nld; fz;Lk; gakpy;iy.
R+uidg; Nghy; epd;wpUe;Njd; JspAk; gakpy;iy.
nrd;w me;j ,lk; cdf;Fj; njhpatpy;iyah?

kpUff;fhl;rpr; rhiy jhNd! Ntnwhd;Wkpy;iy.
- mo.ts;spag;gh.
thf;fpa mikg;G.
Mfh! mofhd gwit - yd! yd! fldpspr ,iaik mlaIshd

FapNy! ghL - fldfyda! .hkak
kapNy! ML - fudkfrda! kgkak
vd;Nd! moF - fldpspr! ,iaik
vd;Nd cauk;! - fldmuK! Wi
• FOthfTk; jdpahfTk; vOJthu;.

• Fwpj;j jiyg;gpd; ge;jpapid cUthf;Fthu;.
• Rakhfj; jiyg;Gfisj; jahupj;J ge;jpfis vOJthu;.
• Rw;Wyhg; gazj;jpy; fz;Lfspj;j tplaq;fs; gw;wp ge;jpfis cUthf;Fthu;.
• Kd;itf;Fk; ge;jpfspy; gbKiw xOq;Ffisg; NgZthu;.
34
Nju;r ;r p 4.0 : ehshe;j NjitfSf;fhf ntt;NtW re;ju;g;gq;fspy;
ciuahba mwpKfkhd> mwpKfkw;w nrhw;fs;> nrhw;nwhlu;
fspy; cs;s Kf;fpakhd tplaq;fisf; fpufpj;J vOJthu;.
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 4.3 : fbjq;fis vOJthu;.
tpla cs;slf;fk; : kpUff; fhl;rprhiyiag; ghu;itapl mDkjp Nfhup vOJk;

fbjk;.
ghlNtis : 04
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• njhopy; Kiwf; fbj cWg;Gfis vOjpf; fhl;Lthu;.

• njhopy; Kiwf; fbj mikg;ig ,dq;fhz Kaw;rpg;ghu;.
• njhopy; Kiwf; fbj mikg;igg; gpd;gw;wp fbjnkhd;W vOJthu;.
• cupa jfty;fis cs;slf;fp fbjk; vOJthu;.
• njhopy; Kiwf; fbj cWg;Gfisf; fhl;rpg;gLj;jp fye;JiuahLq;fs;.

• khztu;fisf; FOf;fshfNth / jdpahfNth njhopy; Kiwf; fbjk; vOj topg;
gLj;Jq;fs;.
• khztu;fs; vOjpa fbjj;ij Kd;itf;fr; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.
• kPz;Lk; njhopy; Kiwf; fbjk; gw;wpf; fye;Jiuahb ,lUWk; khztu;fSf;F
cjTq;f ; s;.
01
02
03 04
05
06
07
01. mDg;Ggtu; ngau;> mDg;Ggtu; Kftup> jpfjp.

02. ngWeu; gjtp / ngWeu; ngau;> ngWeu;; Kftup.
03. tpspg;G.
04. jiyg;G.
05. tplak; / cs;slf;fk; / nra;jp.
06. ed;wp.
07. xg;gk;> ngau;.
35
• fhl;rpg; glq;fs; • ghlE}y;

• khjpupf; fbjq;fs;
ngau;> Kftup> jpfjp

ku> ,smskh> oskh
ngWeu; Kftup
,nkakdf.a ,smskh
tpspg;G - wduka;%Kh
jiyg;G - ud;Dldj
tplak;> cs;slf;fk;> nra;jp

f;dr;=re> wka;ra .;h> m%jD;a;s
ed;wp - ia;+;shs
xg;gk;> ngau; - w;aik>ku
36
mjpgu;>
ngh/u[ul;il tpj;jpahyak;>
nghydWit.
2015.01.13.
gzpg;ghsu;>
kpUff; fhl;rpr;rhiy>
njfptis.
Iah>
kpUff; fhl;rprhiyiag; ghu;itapLtjw;fhd mDkjp Nfhuy;.
vkJ ghlrhiyapd; 100 khztu;fSk; 10 Mrphpau;fSk; tUk; Kjyhk; jtiz tpLKiwf;

fhyj;jpy; kpUff; fhl;rpr;rhiyiag; ghu;itapl tpUk;Gfpd;wdu;. vdNt> ,jw;fhfg;
nghUj;jkhd jpfjp xd;wpidj; njhpT nra;J jUkhW jaTld; Nfl;Lf; nfhs;fpd;Nwhk;.
jq;fs; xj;Jiog;G cau;thf kjpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
ed;wp.
,g;gbf;F.
cz;ikAs;s>
m.md;G. (mjpgu;)
nrhw;fsQ;rpak;.
Kftup - ,smskh Rw;Wyh - pdrsldj

ngau; - ku mjprak; - mqoqu
ed;wp - ia;+;shs kpUff; fhl;rpr;rhiy - i;a;= j;a;
jaT nra;J - lreKdlr gwitfs; - mlaIska
kd;dpf;fTk; - iudjkak
• njhopy;Kiwf; fbj cWg;Gf;fis xOq;F Kiwapy; fhl;rpg;gLj;Jthu;.

• njhopy;Kiwf; fbj cs;slf;fq;fis fye;JiuahLthu;.
• kpUff; fhl;rpr; rhiyiag; ghu;itapl mDkjp Nfhup fbjk; vOJthu;.
37
Nju;r ;r p 4.0 : ehshe;j NjitfSf;fhf ntt;NtW re;ju;gg ; q;fspy; ciuahba
nrhw;fs;, nrhw;nwhlu;fspy; cs;s Kf;fpakhd tplaq;fisf;
fpufpj;J vOJthu;.
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 4.4 : jfty;fs; cs;slq;fpa nrhw;nwhlu;fisAk; ge;jpfisAk;

vOJthu;.
tpla cs;s lf;fk;: Jz;Lg; gpuRuk;.
ghlNtis : 04
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• jfty;fs; nfhz;l thf;fpaq;fis vOJthu;.

• jfty;fs; nfhz;l ge;jpfis vOJthu;.
• Jz;Lg; gpuRu mikg;gpidf; Fwpj;Jf; fhl;Lthu;.
• Fwpj;j jfty;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhz;L Jz;Lg; gpuRuk; xd;iw vOJthu;.
• khjpupj; Jz;Lg; gpuRuq;fisf; fhl;rpg;gLj;jp fye;JiuahLq;fs;.

• Jz;Lg; gpuRu mikg;G gw;wpAk;> cs;slf;fq;fs; gw;wpAk; fye;;JiuahLq;fs;.
• FOthfNth jdpahfNth Jz;Lg; gpuRunkhd;iw vOj topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
• Jz;Lg; gpuRu mikg;igg; gpd;gw;wp tpgukhf ftUk; tifapy; vOj topfhl;Lq;;fs;.
fy;tp - wOHdmkh tpspg;G - wduka;%Kh

ed;ik - hym; jiyg;G - ud;Dld
jPik - whdym; tplak; - jsIh
midtUk; - ish,af,dau khztu;fs; - YsIHfhda
ngw;whu;fs; - ,nd.;af;dah ghlrhiy - mdi,
epWtdq;fs; - wdh;k
• khjpupj; Jz;Lg; gpuRuk;

• Jz;Lg; gpuRu mikg;G ml;ilfs;
• ghlE}y;
38
1 (1)
jiyg;G
2
3 (2)
tpspg;G
3
3 (3)
tplak;> nra;jp> cs;slf;fk;
4
(4)
5 ed;wp
6
(5)
jpfjp
(6)
ngau;> Kftup
tPjp tpgj;Jf;fisj; jtpu;g;Nghk;.
md;ghd nghJkf;fNs!
mz;ikf; fhykhf tPjp tpgj;Jf;fs; mjpfupj;Jf; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ghlrhiy khztu;fs;

,t; tPjp tpgj;Jf;fspy; ghjpg;gilfpd;wdu;. ,t;thwhd nra;jpfis ehs;NjhWk;
gj;jpupiffspy; ghu;f;f KbfpwJ.
• Ntfkhd tho;f;if Kiwfs;.

• Gjpa mjpNtfg; ghijfs;.
• Neuj;ij kPjg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf Ntfkhfr; nraw;gLjy;.
• myl;rpa kdg;ghq;F.
• ifalf;fj; njhiyNgrpapy; ciuahbf;nfhz;L thfdk; nrYj;Jjy;>
• tPjpapy; elj;jy;.
• kJ Nghijapy; thfdk; nrYj;Jjy;> tPjpapy; elj;jy;.
• jiyik xsp tpsf;fpdhy; (Head light) ^m%Odk jsoq,s myk& Kd;dhy; tUgtupd;
ghu;itia ,ila+W nra;jy;
~~tPjp tpjpfisg; gpd;gw;WNthk;”
2015.01.20. tPjpg; Nghf;Ftuj;J mikr;R>

nfhOk;G.
39
,we;j fhy thf;fpa mikg;G - w;S; ld, jdlH.
Jz;Lg; gpuRuq;fs; ntspaplg;gl;ld
- w;am;%sldj t,S oelajSh
thfdk;; Ntfkhfr; nrd;wJ
- jd.kh fjs.fhka .sfha h
tPjp tpgj;Jf;fs; mjpfhpj;Js;sd
- udra. wk;=re jevsjsh
khztu;fs; ghjpg;Gw;wdu;
- isiqyQ wk;=rg m;ajQ y
mjpNtfg; ghijfs; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd
- wOs fjs.s udra . bosjsh
epfo; fhy thf;fpa mikg;G - jra;udk ld, jdlH.
Jz;Lg; gpuRuq;fs; ntspaplg;gLfpd;wd

- w;am;%sldj t,S olajhs
thfdk;; Ntfkhfr; nry;fpwJ
- jd.kh fjs.fhka hhs
tPjp tpgj;Jf;fs; mjpfhpj;J tUfpd;wd
- udra. wk;=re jevsfjhs
khztu;fs; ghjpg;gilfpwhu;fs;
- isiqyq wk;=rg m;afj;s
mjpNtfg; ghijfs; mikf;fg;gLfpd;wd
- wOs fjs.s udra . bosfjhs
vjpu; fhy thf;fpa mikg;G - wkd.; ld, jdlH.
Jz;Lg; gpuRuq;fs; ntspaplg;gLk;

- w;am;%sldj t,S olajkafka h
thfdk;; Ntfkhfr; nry;Yk;
- jd.kh fjs.fhka hkafka h
tPjp tpgj;Jf;fs; mjpfhpf;Fk;
- udra . wk;=re jevsjkafka h
khztu;fs; ghjpg;GWtu;
- isiqka wk;=rg m;ajkafkda h
mjpNtfg; ghijfs; mikf;fg;gl;Lk;
- wOs fjs.s udra . bosfjkafka h
• Jz;Lg; gpuRu mikg;gpid / cWg;Gfis Kd;itg;ghu;.

• Jz;Lg; gpuRu mikg;gpid / cWg;Gfis vOjpf; fhl;Lthu;.
• khjpupj; Jz;Lg; gpuRuj;jpd; cWg;Gfs;> cs;slf;fq;fs; gw;wp fye;JiuahLthu;.
• Jz;Lg; gpuRunkhd;iw Fwpj;j jiyg;gpd; fPo; vOJthu;.
40
Nju;r ;r p 4.0 : ehshe;j NjitfSf;fhf ntt;NtW re;ju;gg ; q;fspy; ciuahba
nrhw;fs;> nrhw;nwhlu;fspy; cs;s Kf;fpakhd tplaq;fisf;
fpufpj;J vOJthu;.
Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 4.5 : tpz;zg;gg; gbtq;fisg; g+uzg;gLj;Jthu;.
tpla cs;s lf;fk;: njhopy; njhlu;ghd tpz;zg;gg; gbtk; epug;Gjy;.
ghlNtis : 04
fw;w w; NgWfs;:
• rpwpa tpz;zg;gg; gbtq;fis rupahf epug;Gthu;.

• tpz;zg;gg; gbtq;fis epug;GtJ njhlu;gpy; tpUg;Gf; nfhs;thu;.
• njhopy; ngWtjw;fhd tpz;zg;gg; gbtj;ij rupahf epug;Gthu;.
• NtW tpz;zg;gg; gbtq;fis tpsq;fp> gpioapd;wp epug;Gthu;.
• khztu;fspd; Ra tpgu MNyhridfs;.

• khjpup tpz;zg;gg; gbtq;fis fhl;rpg;gLj;jpf; fye;;JiuahLq;fs;.
• khztu;fisf; FOthf tpz;zg;gg; gbtq;fis epug;Gtjw;F trjp Vw;gLj;Jq;fs;.
• khztu; ,lUWk; NghJ cjtp mtu;fis Cf;fg;gLj;Jq;f ; s;.
• KOg;ngau; - iusmQra K ku • tpUk;Gk; njhopy; - leu;su jD;a;sh

• nrhe;j Kftup - fm!oa.,sl ,smskh • njhiyNgrp ,yf;fk; - oqrl:k wxl
• jha; ngau; - ujf.a ku • fy;tpj;jifik - wOHmk iqoqiqlus
• je;ij ngau; - mshdf.a ku • njhopw; jifik - jD;sh iqoqiqlus
• jpfjp - oskh • tq;fpf;fzf;F ,yf;fk; - nexl=fj .sKqus wxl
• tq;fpapd; ngau; - nexl=fjs ku • ifnahg;gk; - w;aik
• nghUj;jkhd khjpup tpz;zg;gg; gbtq;fs;.
• Ra tpguq;fisr; rupahf vOjpf; fhl;Lthu;.

• rpwpa khjpup tpz;zg;gg; gbtq;fis epug;Gthu;.
• njhopy; ngWtjw;fhd tpz;zg;gg; gbtj;ijf; FOthf epug;Gthu;.
• njhopy; ngWtjw;fhd tpz;zg;gg; gbtj;ijr; Rakhf jpUj;jq;fs; ,d;wp
epug;gpf;fhl;Lthu;.
• njspthd ifnaOj;jpy; tpz;zg;gg; gbtj;ij epug;Gtjd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;jpid
ntspg;gLj;Jthu;.
41
,yFthd khjpup tpz;zg;gg; gbtk;
Ra tpguq;fisg; gjpT nra;jy;.
KOg; ngau; :-.....................................................................................
KjnyOj;Jld; ngau;:-....................................................................................
Kftup nrhe;j :- ..................................................................................
.................................................................................
njhopy; :-..................................................................................
....................................................................................
khtl;lk; :-.....................................................................................
gpuNjr nrayhsu; gpupT :-..............................................................................
gpwe;j jpfjp :- tUlk;.....................khjk;...............................jpfjp................
taJ (2014.10.30) jpdj;jpy; tUlk;................khjk;.................jpfjp.............
Njrpa milahs ml;il ,yf;fk; :-...........................................................
ghy; :-.......................................................................................
fy;tpj; jifik :-............................................................................................
njhopy; jifik :-..........................................................................................
NtW jifikfs; :-.........................................................................................
jpfjp :-.......................... .....................................................

tpz;zg;gjhupapd; ifnahg;gk;
42

S 11 Tim 158

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

S 11 Tim 158

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

,uz;lhk; nkhop

(2016 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ)

 Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;> k`ufk.

Kjyhk; gjpg;G : 2015

gjpg;G : Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;

,yq;ifapd; ,ilepiyf; fy;tpapy; Gjpa Nju;r;rp ikag; ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; Kjw;

Nju;r;rp ikaf; fiyj;jpl;lj;jpd; ,uz;lhk; fl;l kWrPuikg;ghdJ 2016 Mk;

,e;j epahag;gLj;jw; nrad;Kiwapw; fiyj;jpl;l kWrPuikg;gpd; NghJ epiyf;Fj;jhd

Mrpupau;fSf;Fj; Njitahd topfhl;ly;fis toq;fTk; ghlj;ijj; jpl;lkplTk;

Gjpa Mrpupau; topfhl;bfs; khztu;fsJ Nju;r;rpfis tpUj;jp nra;Ak; tifapw;

Mrpupau; ikaf; fy;tp KiwikapypUe;J khztu; ikaf; fy;tp Kiwikf;Fj;

Gjpa Mrpupau; topfhl;bia cUthf;Ftjpw; gq;fspgG

gzpg; g hsu; ehafk;

fw;wy; vd;gJ gue;J tpupe;J nry;tnjhd;whFk;. mJ tho;f;ifia Nkk;gLj;jTk;

fw;wYf;fhfg; ngWkjp kpff ; it vitNah mitAk; fw;wy; Kiwapay;fSk; trjpfSk;

,yq;if etPd nry;newpfisAk;> gz;ila mUQ; nry;tq;fisAk; fyf;fr; nra;J>

Njrpa kl;lj;jpy; ghlf; Fwpf;Nfhs;fspd; xj;j jd;ik Ngzg;gLtJ mtrpakhFk;.

me;je;jg; ghlj;jpd; milT njhlu;ghf kjpg;gPL elj;Jk;> Njrpa kl;l guPl;rfu;fshy;

gpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafk;

gy;ypd> gd;nkhopg; gz;ghl;Lr; #oypy; thOk; kf;fs; jkf;fpilNa

mt;tifapy; Kjd;nkhopahfpa jha;nkhop (rpq;fsk; / jkpo;)> ru;tNjr

NkYk;> ,g;ghlj;jpl;lj;jpy; nkhopj;jpwd;fshd Nfl;ly;> Ngr;R> thrpg;G>

mjw;fika “ ,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo;” ghlj;jpd; Fwpf;Nfhs;fis epiwT

fy;tprhu; mYty;fs; rig

ghl tpla MNyhrid :

jpUkjp. eh. rPjud;

2007 Mk; Mz;L njhlf;fk; ghlrhiyfspy; fiyj;jpl;lj;jpy; njhFjpg;

6-11 Me;juq;fSf;fhf Nju;rr ; pfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l mZFKiwapd;

‘,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo;’ ghlj;jpd; %yk; khztuplj;Nj fl;bnaOg;g

01 gzpg;ghsu; ehafk; mtu;fspd; nra;jp iii

02 gpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafk; mtu;fspd; nra;jp iv

05 Mrpupau; topfhl;biag; gad;gLj;Jtjw;Fupa

07 fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jw; nrad;Kiwf;Fupa topfhl;ly;

Njrpa fy;tp KiwikahdJ> jdpegu;f;Fk; r%fj;jpwF

fle;j fhyq;fspy; ,yq;ifapd; ngUk;ghyhd fy;tp mwpf;iffSk; Mtzq;fSk;

1. kdpj nfsutj;ijf; fz;zpag;gLj;jy; vDk; vz;zf;fUf;fs; Njrpag;gpizg;G>

2. khw;wKWk; cyfj;jpd; rthy;fSf;Fj; jf;fthW Kfq;nfhLj;jNyhL> Njrpa

3. kdpj cupikfSf;F kjpg;gspj;jy;> flikfs;> fl;Lg;ghLfs; gw;wpa

4. xUtuJ cs> cly; eyidAk; kdpj tpOkpaq;fSf;F kjpg;gspg;gij

5. ed;F xd;wpizf;fg;gl;l rkepiy MSikf;Fupa Mf;f rpe;jid> jw;WzpG>

6. jdpeguJk; Njrj;jpdJk; tho;fi

8. ePjp> rkj;Jtk;> gu];gu kupahij vd;gtw;iw mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L>

(Njrpa fy; t p Mizf;F O mwpf; i f - 2003 jpnrk; g u; )

fy;tpapD}lhf tpUj;jp nra;ag;gLk; gpd;tUk; mbg;gilj; Nju;r;rpfs; Nkw;Fwpj;j

1. njhlu;ghly; Nju;r ;r pfs;

vOj; j wpT: ftdkhfr; nrtpkLj;jy;> njspthfg; NgRjy;> fUj;jwpa

2. MSik tpUj;jp njhlu;ghd Nju;r ;r pfs;.

- Mf;fk;> tpupe;j rpe;jid> jw;WzpG> jPu;khdk; vLj;jy;> gpur;rpid

3. #oy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;

,j;Nju;r;rpfs; #oNyhL (r%fk;> capupay;> ngsjpfk;) njhlu;GWfpd;wd.

r%fr; #oy;: Njrpa ghuk;gupak; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;T> gd;ikr; r%fj;jpd;

capupay; #oy;: thOk; cyF> kf;fs;> capupay; njhFjp - kuq;fs;> fhLfs;>

4. Ntiy cyfj;jpw;Fj; jahu; nra;jy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;

mtu;fsJ rf;jpia cr;r epiyf;Ff; nfhz;L tUtjw;Fk; mtu;fsJ Mw;wiyg;

- nghUshjhu tpUj;jpf;Fg; gq;fspj;jy;

5. rkaKk; xOf;fyhWk; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;

md;whl tho;f;ifapy; kpfg; nghUj;jkhdtw;iwj; njupT nra;aTk;> ehshe;j

6. Xa;T Neuj;ijg; gad;gLj;jy;> tpisahl;L gw;wpa Nju;r;rpfs;

mofpaw; fiyfs;> ,yf;fpak;> tpisahl;L> nka;ty;Yeu; Nghl;bfs;> Xa;TNeug;

7. fw;wYf;Ff; fw;wy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;

tpiuthf khWfpd;w> rpf;fyhd> xUtupy; xUtu; jq;fp epw;fpd;w cynfhd;wpy;

(Njrpa fy; t p Mizf;F O mwpf; i f - 2003 jpnrk; g u; )

Nju; r ; r p Nju;r ;r p kl;l k; tpla cs;slf;fk; fw;wy; NgWfs; ghlNtis

Vd;? kd;dh! ,J kz;jhNd!|| vd njdhypuhkd; mg;ghtpj;jdkhf Nfl;lhd;. ,y;iyalh!