Present Perfect

(Thì Hiện tại hoàn thành)

Khái niệm:
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành – Present perfect tense (thì HTHT) dùng để diễn tả một hành
động, sự việc đã bắt đầu từ trong quá khứ, kéo dài đến hiện tại và có thể tiếp tục tiếp diễn
trong tương lai.
Công thức hiện tại hoàn thành:
1. Câu khẳng định
S + have/ has + V3
Ví dụ:
1. It has been 2 months since I first met him.
2. I have watched TV for two hours.
3. She has prepared for dinner since 6:30 p.m.
2. Câu phủ định
S + have/ has (not) + V3
Lưu ý:

 has not = hasn’t

 have not = haven’t
Ví dụ:
1. She has not prepared for dinner since 6:30 p.m.
2. He has not eaten this kind of food before.
3. We haven’t met each other for a long time.

3. Câu nghi vấn

Câu nghi vấn sử dụng trợ động từ (Câu hỏi Yes/ No)

Hỏi: Have/ has + S + V3?

Trả lời:

 Yes, S + have/has.
 No, S + haven’t/hasn’t.

Ví dụ:
Has she arrived to London yet?
 Yes, she has./ No, she hasn’t.

Câu nghi vấn sử dụng từ hỏi bắt đầu bằng Wh-

Wh- + have/ has + S + V3?

Ví dụ:
1. What have you done with these ingredients?
2. How have you solved this difficult Math question?

Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

1. Just = recently = lately: gần đây, vừa mới
2. already: đã rồi
3. before: trước đây
4. ever: đã từng
5. never: chưa từng, không bao giờ
6. for + quãng thời gian: trong khoảng (for a year, for a long time, …)
7. since + mốc thời gian: từ khi (since 1992, since june,...)
8. yet: chưa (dùng trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi)
9. so far = until now = up to now = up to the present: cho đến bây giờ
Lưu ý:
 Sau since: mệnh đề chia Quá khứ đơn.

Vị trí của các từ báo trong câu:

- Sau “have/ has” và đứng trước V3: already, never, ever, just
- Đứng cuối câu: already, yet, before

- Có thể đứng đầu hoặc cuối câu: so far, recently, lately, up to present, up to
now, until now, since, for
 Exercises
Exercise 1: Chọn đáp án đúng
Câu 1: She___ the exam.
A. has passed B. have passed C. is passed D. pass
Câu 2: I___ his mother recently.
A. have meet B. has met C. have met D. met
Câu 3: ___ you___ your wallet yet?
A. have/ find B. have/ found C. Do/ find D. Do/ found
Câu 4: We___ too much chocolate.
A. have eat B. has eaten C. have eaten D. eats
Câu 5: We___ that song before.
A. hear B. have not heard C. heard D. has hear
Câu 6: Lisa___ in Vietnam since 2020.
A. lives B. has lived C. have lived D. live
Câu 7: What countries___ they___ in Europe?
A. have/visited B. has/ visited C. are/ visit D. is/ visits
Câu 8: You___ a pet for three years.
A. keep B. has kept C. have kept D. keeps
Câu 9: Who___ she___ recently?
A. have/ meet B. has/ meet C. have/ meet D. has/ met
Câu 10: This is the first time, I___ to Berlin.
A. have gone B. has gone C. go D. went
Exercise 2: Hoàn thành câu với dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
1. Hai (see) _________________ this film before.
2. The teacher (already, tell) _________________ to be quiet.
3. Minh (never, be) _________________ to Hanoi.
4. How long __________ they (live) ________ here? The (live) _________________
here since 2001.
5. Linda (just pass) _________________ her driving test.
6. We (know) _________________ each other for 2 years.
7. This is the most beautiful place I (ever visit) _________________.
8. We (not see) _________________ them for a long time.
Exercise 3: Viết lại câu sử dụng những từ có sẵn và chia thì ở dạng thích hợp
Câu 1: Tuan/ this film/ before/ see.
...............................................................................................................................................
Câu 2: already/ I/ my exercise/ finish.
...............................................................................................................................................
Câu 3: Bao/ stay/ not/ last month/ here/ since.
...............................................................................................................................................
Câu 4: know/I /her/three months/ for.
...............................................................................................................................................
Câu 5: Thai food/ eat/ before/ you
...............................................................................................................................................
Câu 6: you/ meet/ your family yet?
...............................................................................................................................................
Câu 7: How many/ you/ books/ read this month?
...............................................................................................................................................
Câu 8: go/ to the USA/ they?
...............................................................................................................................................
Câu 9: Not/ they/ arrive / yet.
...............................................................................................................................................
Câu 10: I/ to Paris/ go/ not/ before.
...............................................................................................................................................
Exercise 4: Cho dạng đúng của các động từ trong ngoặc
1. She (be) _________________ at her computer for eight hours.
2. Hannah (not/have) _________________ any fun a long time.
3. My grandfather (not/ play) _________________ any sport since last year.
4. You’d better have a shower. You (not/have) _________________ one since Monday.
5. I don’t live with my family now and we (not/see) _________________ each other for
ten years.
6. I________ just (realize) __________ that there are only three weeks to the end of the
semester.
7. Anna (finish) _________________ reading three books this month.
8. How long _________ (you/know) ______________ each other?
9. _________ (You/ take) ____________ many photographs?
10. Jack (eat) _________________ at the Sheraton Hotel yet?
Exercise 6: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi.
1. The last time she came back to her hometown was 4 years ago.
→ She hasn't ..........................................................................................................................
2. He started working as a bank clerk 3 months ago.
→ He has ...............................................................................................................................
3. I last had my hair cut in November.
→ I haven't.............................................................................................................................
4. The last time we called each other was 5 months ago.
→ We haven't ........................................................................................................................
5. It has been a long time since we last met.
→ We haven't ........................................................................................................................
6. When did you have it?
→ How long ..........................................................................................................................
7. This is the first time I had such a delicious meal.
→ I have never ......................................................................................................................