PRESENT PERFECT (HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH)

a. Công thức:
Khẳng định : S + have / has + Past Participle (V3)
Phủ định : S + have / has + not + Past Participle (V3)
Nghi vấn : Have / has + S + Past Participle (V3)?

Lưu ý: I, THEY, WE, YOU + HAVE + V3/ED

SHE, HE, IT + HAS + V3/ED
b. Cách dùng:
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra hoặc chưa bao giờ xảy ra ở 1 thời gian không xác
định trong quá khứ.
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành cǜng được dùng với since và for.
- Since + mốc thời gian (1995, I was young, this morning etc.) Khi người nói dùng since, người nghe phải
tính thời gian là bao lâu.
- For + khoảng thời gian (từ lúc đầu tới bây giờ) Khi người nói dùng for, người nói phải tính thời gian là
bao lâu.
- Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ, vẫn kéo dài đến hiện tại (có thể đến tương lai).
- Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng không đề cập đến thời gian cụ thể.
- Diễn tả hành động xảy ra lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần trong qk nhưng không đề cập đến thời gian.
- Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ còn hậu quả ở hiện tại.
c. Từ nhận biết:
Since, for, never, ever, just, already.
So far, up to now, up until, up to the present.
Yet.
Recently, lately, in recent years.
Many times, once, twice.
The first time, the second time, the third time.
Chú ý: S + have/ has + never/ever/ already /just… + (V3)
1. The walk only took five minutes. => It is a five-minute walk
2. I started work for the company a year ago. => I have been working for the company for a year
3. It took us three hours to open the door. => We spent three hours opening the door
Exercise 1: Fill the blank spaces with the past simple or the present perfect of the verb in the brackets:
1. We (live) _____________ here for over twenty years.
2. He (live) _______________ in London for two years and then (go) ______________ to Edinburgh.
3. My brother (write) _______________ several plays so far. He (just/finish) )_____________ his second
tragedy.
4. Chopin (compose) ________________ some of his music in Majorca.
5. Tom (not buy) _________________ a new computer yet.
6. I (play) ______________ football very often when I (be) ________________ younger.
7. Angela (not see) _________________ Christ since 1998.
8. He (lose) ______________ his job last month and since then he (be) _____________ out of work.
9. Mike (not go) ______________ to the cinema with us last Saturday.
10. We (not meet) ______________ Mark since he (leave) ________________ the town five years ago.
11. I (never/hear) _______________ "The Who" playing, but I'd like to.
12. _____________ you (meet) _____________ Jane recently?
13. He (already/pack) _______________ his suitcase.
14. ________________ you (finish) __________ that work yet?
15. I (meet) ___________ my friend two years ago.
16. _______________ your father _______________ (ever/fly) a plane before?
17. We (eat) _____________ in this restaurant several times.
18. _______________ Jane (ride) a horse last holiday?
19. It's the first time she (ride) _____________ a horse.
20. She (play) ______________ a lot of tennis since she (get) _____________ her new tennis racket.
Exercise 2: Look at the picture and use the prompts to write sentences. Use the correct form of the
present perfect.

1. lesson / not / start / yet.

____________________________________________________________________________________
2. teacher / already / write / on the board.
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. Joe and Tim / just / come / into the classroom.
____________________________________________________________________________________
4. Tony / not / finished / getting / books ready.
____________________________________________________________________________________
5. Christine / already / open / book.
____________________________________________________________________________________
6. Dave / drop / pen / on the floor.
____________________________________________________________________________________
7. he / not / pick it up / yet.
____________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3: Complete using the words in the box:
Already Ever For Just Never Since Yet

1. I haven’t listened to their new CD ____________. Is it any good?

2. We’ve been waiting for you ____________ over an hour. Where have you been?
3. Have you ___________ been to the UK before?
4. I’m afraid we’ve _____________ made plans for this weekend, so we won’t be free.
5. Pedro has been having English lessons _____________ he was five years old.
6. It’s strange that you mention the film Crash. I’ve ______________ been reading about it in the paper.
7. I’ve _______________ heard of a ‘sudoku’. What is it?

Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentence below

1. It was a nine-month course
 The course__________________________________________________________________________
2. The flight lasts twenty-four hours
 It is ________________________________________________________________________________
3. The ferry crossing to the island takes two hours
 It is ________________________________________________________________________________
4. This contact is for two years
 This is _____________________________________________________________________________
5. It is a twenty-day coach tour
 The ______________________________________________________________________________
6. The translation course takes two years.
 It is a
7. Victor started collecting postage stamps twenty- years ago.
 Victor ______________________________________________________________________________
8. He learned to drive when he was eight.
 He has _____________________________________________________________________________
9. The flight to Moscow lasted three and a half hours.
 It took _____________________________________________________________________________
10. We started investigating the case a week ago.
 We ______________________________________________________________________________
11. It is a six-hour drive from London to Edinburgh
 It takes _____________________________________________________________________________
12. He spends two hours a week sorting out stamps.
 Sorting out __________________________________________________________________________