III.

The Present Perfect Tense – Thì hiện tại hoàn thành

1. Form
He/She/It has (not)
have (not)
I/We/You/They

Khẳng định S have/has + V3/ Ved I have seen this film already.

Phủ định S haven’t/hasn’t + V3/ Ved He hasn’t finished his homework.

Has your mother worked as a teacher of

Nghi vấn Have/Has S V3/ Ved English for 10 years?
→ Yes, she has.

2. Cách dùng
- Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ, kéo dài tới hiện tại và vẫn có khả năng sẽ
tiếp diễn trong tương lai
I have learned English for 10 years. (Tôi đã học tiếng Anh được 10 năm.)
- Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng không rõ thời gian
Someone has stolen my car. (Có ai đó đã lấy trộm ô tô của tôi.)
- Diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần trong quá khứ
She has seen this film several times.
- Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng để lại dấu hiện hoặc hậu quả ở hiện
tại
The children are dirty. Where have they been?
The baby is crying. Have you made fun of him?
- Diễn tả những kinh nghiệm, trải nghiệm
This is the first time I have ever eaten that kind of food.

3. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

- just (vừa mới)
- recently, lately, so far (gần đây)
- already (rồi)
- before (trước đây)
- ever (đã từng)
- never (chưa từng, không bao giờ)
- for + khoảng thời gian (trong khoảng): for a year, for a long time, for several times…
 - since + mốc thời gian/thời điểm (từ khi): since 2023, since June
- yet (chưa): thường dùng trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi
- until now = up to now = up to the present (cho đến bây giờ)
- This is the first/second/third…. time
4. Bài tập áp dụng
Ex 1: Give the correct form of the verbs in the brackets
1. Tom (see) this film before.
2. I already (finish) my exercise.
3. How long they (live) here? They (live) here since 1990.
4. My father (just wash) his car.
5. The students (discuss) the question recently.
6. Mary (never, be) to Hanoi.
7. We (know) each other for 5 years.
8. So far we (learn) five lessons.
9. We (be) pen pals for a long time.
10. They (not stay) here since last week.
Ex 2: Complete using the words in bold
already / ever / for / just / never / since / yet
1. I haven't listened to their new CD _____. Is it any good?
2. We've played piano _____ over an hour.
3. Have you _____ been to the UK before?
4. I'm afraid we've _____ made plans for this weekend, so we won't be free.
5. Pedro has learned English _____ he was five years old.
6. I have _____ finished my homework.
7. I've _____ heard of a 'sudoku'. What is it?

LUYỆN TẬP
Ex 1: Give the correct form of the verbs in the brackets
1.They (arrive) already?
2. Lucy (run) 2000 meters today.
3. I (clean) all morning – I’m fed up!
4. How long (you/know) Simon?
5. I (drink) more water recently, and I feel better.
6. Sorry about the mess! I (bake)
7. How many times (you/take) this exam?
8. He (eat) six bars of chocolate today.
9. Julie (cook) dinner. Let’s go and eat!
10. The students (finish) their exams. They are very happy.
11. Mary (come) from London.
12. Sometimes I (get) up before the sun (rise).
13. She (ask) me to tell about him several times.
14. Mr Jackson (paint) his house since last month.
15. He often (say) OK when he (talk) with the guests.
16. Tom (not come) here tomorrow.
17. Listen! The bird (sing).
18. Someone (cut) down all the trees in the the garden.
19. Some animals (not eat) during winter.
20. Hurry up! The train (come).

IV. The Present Perfect Continuous Tense – Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
1. Form

They have been sitting in their

Khẳng định S have/has + been + Ving
bedrooms for half day.

She hasn’t been practising for her

Phủ định S haven’t/hasn’t + been + Ving
concert.

Has he been practicing so hard for this

Nghi vấn Have/Has S been + Ving
competition?
2. Cách dùng
- Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ, còn đang tiếp tục ở hiện tại (nhấn mạnh
tính liên tục)
My sister had been working here since 2010.
- Diễn tả hành động đã kết thúc trong quá khứ, nhưng chúng ta quan tâm tới kết quả
hiện tại
I am very tired nơ because I have been working hard for 12 hours
3. Dấu hiệu nhận biết
- for + khoảng thời gian (trong khoảng): for a year, for a long time, for several times…
They have been listening to the radio for 3 hours.
- since + mốc thời gian/thời điểm (từ khi): since 2023, since June
She has been working since the early morning.
- all + thời gian: all the morning, all the afternoon, all day…
They have been working in the field all the morning..
Bài tập áp dụng
Phân biệt thì hiện tại hoàn thành và hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
1. I (try) to learn English for years, but I (not succeed) yet.
2. Mary is ill because she (work) in the garden all day.
3. That book (lie) on the table for weeks. You (read) it yet?
4. He (not be) here since Christmas. I wonder where he (live) since then.
5. Jack (go) to Paris for a holiday. He never (be) there.
6. You (sleep) so far? I (ring) the bell for the last twenty minutes.
7. He (write) a novel for two years, but he (not finish) it yet.
8. Mary (lose) her hat and she (look) for it until now.
9. She (sleep) for 10 hours! You must wake her.

LUYỆN TẬP (PRESENT TENSES)

Ex 1: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
1. My clothes are not in the room. They (just take) them away.
2. This is the most beautiful place I (ever visit).
3. We are very tired. We (walk) for three hours.
4.1 (see) that film several times because I like it.
5. Up to now, the teacher (give) our class 5 tests.
6. Please be quiet! I (work).
7. Mary (come) from London.
8. Sometimes I (get) up before the sun (rise).
9. She (ask) me to tell about him several times.
10. Mr. Jackson (paint) his house since last month.
11. How long you (wait) for me? - Just a few minutes.
12. He often (say) OK when he (talk) with the guests.
13. Tom (not come) here tomorrow.
14. Listen! The bird (sing).
15. Someone (cut) down all the trees in s in the garden.
16. Some animals (not eat) during winter.
17. Hurry up! The train (come).
18. Where are you now? - I'm upstairs. I (have) a bath.
19. How long you (study) in this school?
20. We (not see) them for a long time.
Ex 2: Chọn đáp án đúng
1. He ______ playing with his dog.
A. is loving B. loves C. was loving D. love
2. Water at 100 degrees Celsius.
A. boils B. boiling C. is boiling D. boil
3. "Do you know it's Barb's birthday today?" "Yes, she _____ a party tonight."
A. has B. is to have C. is having D. will have
4. Tom _____ things round the house, which is annoying.
A. always leaves B. has always left C. is leaving D. is always leaving
5. He _____ off alone a month ago, and _____ of since.
A. set - hasn’t been heard B. setted - hassn’t heard
C. set - hasn’t heard A. setted - hasn’t been heard
6. She said she met you once at the Hilton last year. _____ since then?
 A. Have you met her B. Did you meet her C. Were you met her D. Had you met her
7. At least half of the world's population _____ more than one language.
A. speak B. speaks C. have spoken D. is speaking
8. "Did you have a good time at the Browns?" "Not really. I _____ I'll ever visit them again."
A. won’t be thinking B. am not thinking C. don’t think D. think not
9. The word "Olympic" from Olympian in Greece.
A. has come B. came C. comes D. is coming
10. She _____ two miles and a half, and now she feels exhausted.
A. runs B. was running C. has run D. has been running

11. Teenagers _____ photos of pop stars on their bedroom walls.

A. are often sticking B. often stick C. will often stick D. have often stuck
12. It has been a good year. I _____ two books and several short stories, all of which are now in
print.
A. have written B. have been writing C. am writing D. had written
Ex 3: Sửa lỗi sai
1. A star that has used up its energy and has lost its heat became a black dwarf (sao lùn đen).
A B C D
2. Since ancient times, some people wore amulets, objects that are supposed to give the wearer
A B C
magical powers.
D
3. Mr. Suzuki wants to know where the supplies are kept, in case he need more of them while
A B C D
we're away.
4. We haven't seen each other from we left school.
A B C D
5. Our lifestyle changed since running water came to our village.
 A B C D
Ex 4: Chia động từ
1. You (receive) any letters from your parents yet?
2. How long Bob and Mary (be) married?
3. My father (not smoke) for 5 years.
4. Birds (build) their nests in the summer and (fly) and off to the south in winter.
5. I'm busy at the moment. I (redecorate) the sitting room.
6. I always (buy) lottery tickets but I never (win) anything.
7.1 (work) for him for 10 years and he never once (say) "good morning" to me.
8. Mr. Jone (be) principal of our school since last year.
9. Violets (bloom) in Spring.
10. We (not live) in England for 2 years now.
11. They (prepare) the Christmas dinner at the moment.
12. George (work) at the university so far.
13. She (learn) German for two years.
14. Look! That man (try) to open the door of your car.
15. Listen! They (learn) a new song.
16. David (repair) the TV set at the moment. He (work) at it for one hour.
17. I can't go with you because I (not finish) my homework yet.
18. John (wash) his hands now. He just (repair) the bike.
19. I (work) at my report since Monday. Now I (write) the conclusion.
20. The earth (circle) the sun once every 365 days.