THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH - THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

1. Cách dùng
a. Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ, kéo dài tới hiện tại và vẫn còn khả năng sẽ tiếp
diễn trong
tương lại
Ví dụ:
I have learned English for 10 years (Tôi đã học tiếng Anh được 10 năm.)
b. Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng không rõ thời gian
Ví dụ:
Someone has stolen my car. (Có ai đó đã lấy trộm ô tô của tôi.)
c. Diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần trong quá khứ
Ví dụ:
She has seen this film several times. (Cô ấy đã xem bộ phim này vài lần rồi.)
d. Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng để lại dấu hiệu hoặc hậu quả ở hiện tại
Ví dụ:
The children are dirty. Where have they been? (Bọn trẻ rất bẩn. Chúng đã ở đâu thế?)
The baby is crying. Have you made fun of him?
(Em bé đang khóc. Có phải cậu đã trêu chọc nó không?)
e. Diễn tả những kinh nghiệm, trải nghiệm
Ví dụ:
This is the first time I have ever eaten that kind of food.
(Đây là lần đầu tiên tôi ăn loại thức ăn đó.)
2. Công thức
+ Câu khẳng định (+): S + have/has + V(p2)
+ Câu phủ định (-): S + have/has + not + V(p2)
+ Câu nghi vấn (?): Have/Has + S + V(p2)
Ví dụ:
(+): My mother has worked as a teacher of English for 10 years.
(-): My mother has not worked/ hasn't worked as a teacher of
English for 10 years. (T): Has your mother worked as a teacher of
English for 10 years?
3. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì hiện tại hoàn thành
- just (vừa mới): dùng sau have/has, trước Vp2.
- recently, lately, so far (gần đây): thường đứng ở cuối câu.
 - already (rồi): dùng sau have/has, trước Vp2.
- before (trước đây): đứng ở cuối câu.
- ever (đã từng): dùng sau have/has, trước Vp2.
- never (chưa từng, không bao giờ): dùng sau have/has, trước Vp2.
- for + N - quãng thời gian: trong khoảng (for a year, for a long time,...).
- since + N - mốc/điểm thời gian: từ khi (since 1992, since June,...).
- yet (chưa): dùng trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi.
- until now = up to now = up to the present (cho đến bây giờ).

BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

Bài tập 1: Điền dạng đúng của động từ vào ô trống

1. Tom (see) this film before.
2. I already (finish) my exercise.
3. How long_____ they (live) __here? They (live) here since 1990.
4. My father (just wash) __________his car.
5. The students (discuss) _______________ the question recently.
6. Mary (never, be) __________ to Hanoi.
7. We (know) _____each other for 5 years.
8. So far we (learn) _____ five lessons.
9. We (be) _____pen pals for a long time.
10. They (not stay) _______________ here since last week.
11. Bob (see) this movie before.
12. Sandra (lend) her brother $ 200 so far.
13. Rashid (just pass) _____ his driving test.
14. Karen (study) Italian for three years now and is still studying.
15. The teacher (already, tell) __________ to be quiet.
Bài tập 2: Hoàn thiện các câu sau sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành.
1. We/play/piano/2 years.

2. My sister/go/the library/today.

3. My brother/move/a new house/near/his girlfriend’s flat.

4. My teacher/not/explain/this lesson/yet.

5. This/best/film/I/ever/watch.

6. Hung and Cuong/just/leave/office/3 hours.

7. They/write/a report/since/last Sunday?

8. They/ repair/ lamps/ yet?

9. How/ long/ she/ live/ here?

10. My husband and I / be / to a restaurant

Bài tập 3: Mỗi câu sau chứa một lỗi sai. Tìm và sửa chúng.
1. I haven’t cutted my hair since last June.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
2. She has not working as a teacher for almost 5 years.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
3. The lesson haven’t started yet.
……………………………………………………………………………………
4. Has the cat eat yet?
………………………………………………………………
5. I am worried that I hasn’t still finished my homework yet.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
6. I have just decided to start working next week.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
7. He has been at his computer since seven hours.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
8. She hasn’t receivedany good news since a long time.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
9. My father hasn’t playedany sport for last year.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
10. I’d better have a shower. I hasn’t done since Thursday.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
Bài tập 4: Sắp xếp lại các câu sau
1. you/ tried/ Have/ seafood/ ever/ ?

2. long/ you/ lived/ have/ how/ here/ ?

3. up/ smoking/ he/ since/ has/ given/ 2020.

4. you/ Ha Noi/ have/ ever/ to/ been/ before?

5. have/ I/ best/ the/ have/ film/ this/ seen/ is.

6. practiced/lately/Christian/ guitar/ has/ playing.

7. 5/ been/ we/ together/ for/ have/ years.

8. Physics/ since/ my sister/ learned/ has/ 2015.

9. yet/ finished/ have/ they/ studying/ not.

10. book/ 3/ my father/ times/ read/ that/ has.

Bài tập 5: Bài tập viết lại câu thì hiện tại hoàn thành sao cho nghĩa
không đổi.
1. I haven’t met my best friend since I was 18 years old.

→ I last …

2. My children haven’t been taken to the supermarket since they were in grade 5.

→ The last time…

3. When did you start waiting for the train?

→How long…

4. They started studying Spanish and Chinese 5 years ago.

→ They have…
 5. My younger sister has not had her hair cut for over five months.

→ It’s…

6. My friend has never seen such a beautiful girl in his life.

→ This is the first time…

7. John hasn't played piano since 2015.

→ The last time…

8. We have never met such a kind person before.

→ It’s the first time…

9. Have you traveled to Thailand before?

→ Is this…

10. The last time I saw my father was 10 years ago.

→ I have…

11. When did you begin learning Vietnamese?

→ How long…

12. It’s nearly 8 months since I went to the cinema with my friends.

→ I have not…

13. This is the most delicious pancake I have eaten in my life.

→ I have never…

14. She has just gone to school for 30 minutes

→ It’s…

15. The last time I saw Lucy was at my last birthday party.

→ I have not…

16. He has never read such a good self-help book before.

→ This is the first time…

17. The last time Jane came back to her country was 5 years ago.

→ Jane last…

→ Jane has not…

18. Jack has not spoken to his teacher for a long time.

→ It’s…

19. They haven’t joined such a wonderful birthday party before.

→ This is…

20. She has taken care of her brother since she was 10 years old.

→ She started…

21. My father has worked as an engineer for 30 years.

→ It’s…

22. Elsa has never spent her summer in such a beautiful city before.

→ This is…