GRADUATE SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

THIRD TRIMESTER/ A.Y. 2021-2022

EDUC 205: Basic Ideas on Legal Issues in the Philippines, Definition and
Components

Name: Gonzaga Josephine A. Professor: Dr. Joel L. Zamora

Course: EDUC 205 Date: July 16, 2022______
Time: 12:00 P.M. – 2:00 P.M.
REFLECTION #6
Assigned Reporters: Team Pateros
Topics: The Essence of Schools in Education, The Liability of Teachers and the School,
Conduct and the Behavior of Students, Abuse of power of the School administrators, Laws
and Penalty.

When a kid enrolls in a school, the parent placed the youngster under the
school's effective control. Its administrators and instructors, or the individual,
company, or institution involved in child care, have unique parental authority and
duty for the minor child while he or she is under their supervision, instruction, or
custody (Art. 218, Family Code of the Philippines). School officials and instructors
are regarded replacement parents or stand in loco parentis, and as such, they must
exercise substitute parental power over their kids (Art. 349, par. 2 of RA 386). As a
result, they are liable for any accident or damage incurred or committed by the
student while in their custody, as well as other types of injuries, such as emotional or
academic issues.
These legal bases specify that special parental authority and responsibility of
the teachers and school authorities to children covers not only during school hours
but also outside school hours where the students are on school property, during
break time, lunch time, play time, flag ceremony/retreat, field trip, work immersion,
and the like, as long as the child is under their custody. Therefore, there is always a
presumption that the school authorities and teachers of school may be liable for
negligence when something happened to a child under their care. The teacher inside
the classroom has direct responsibility for his/her students. The question is who
among the personnel in school is specifically liable outside school hours? The law
does not distinguish. If in case you witnessed a potential danger during break time,
wouldn’t you, as an employed teacher of that school, act to prevent it for the reason
that you are not the subject teacher or class adviser of the learner in danger? Was
the school head also in breach of a non-delegable duty of care to students to ensure
there was adequate supervision for the student at the time? All of these will be
weighed by the court to decide on whether or not the school failed to exercise proper
diligence to protect its students based on the surrounding circumstances to prevent
the injury.
Rules for classroom behavior are statements that are purposely established to offer
students with guiding principles for the sorts of actions that are either obligatory or
banned. For example, it focuses on how to be understanding rather than whether a
student is speaking openly in class. These standards should appeal to students'
common sense while also encouraging them to think about how they act in the
classroom. Classroom rules are vital because they serve numerous reasons in terms
of learning objectives. It ensures the comfort of a cooperative atmosphere while also
preserving courtesy among students, instructors, and school personnel. Standards
for classroom behavior should be established and prominently displayed in the
classroom via bulletin boards. A visually appealing bulletin board.