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DESIGN GENERAL SPECIFICATION
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0 25/05/01 ALI A.FATTAH J.DWYER ABDUL AZIZ AL AMERI ISSUED FOR IMPLEMENTATION
A 13/09/00 ALI A.FATTAH J.DWYER ABDUL AZIZ AL AMERI ISSUED FOR COMMENTS
Rev Date WRITTEN BY CHECKED BY APPROVED BY STATUS
DD/MM/YY
DOCUMENT REVISIONS
Sections changed in last revision are identified by a vertical line in the left margin
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CONTENTS
1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................................4
1.2 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................................................................................4
1.3 DEFINITIONS ..........................................................................................................................................................................4
2. CODES AND STANDARDS....................................................................................................................................................... 5
3. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS.................................................................................................................................................... 7
4. DOCUMENT PRECEDENCE ................................................................................................................................................... 7
5. SPECIFICATION DEVIATION/CONCESSION CONTROL .............................................................................................. 7
6. QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL.................................................................................................................. 7
7. DOCUMENTATION................................................................................................................................................................... 7
8. HANDLING .................................................................................................................................................................................. 8
9. EXECUTION................................................................................................................................................................................ 8
10. SURFACE CONDITIONING................................................................................................................................................... 9
11. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT........................................................................................................................................10

11.1 COMPRESSED AIR...............................................................................................................................................................10
11.2 DEGREASER .......................................................................................................................................................................10
11.3 ABRASIVES ........................................................................................................................................................................10
11.4 LINING MATERIALS ............................................................................................................................................................10
11.5 EQUIPMENT .......................................................................................................................................................................10
11.6 INSPECTION INSTRUMENTS ................................................................................................................................................11
12. DEHUMIDIFICATION ..........................................................................................................................................................11
13. VENTILATION .......................................................................................................................................................................11
14. LIGHTING ...............................................................................................................................................................................12
15. SURFACE PREPARATION ..................................................................................................................................................12
16. CARE OF CLEANED AND COATED SURFACES...........................................................................................................13
17. LINING MATERIAL APPLICATION.................................................................................................................................13

17.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................................................................13
17.2 LINING SYSTEMS................................................................................................................................................................14
17.3 SERVICE AND LINING SYSTEMS SCHEDULE .........................................................................................................................14
17.4 MIXING OF MATERIALS ......................................................................................................................................................14
17.5 NUMBER OF COATS AND THICKNESS OF LINING..................................................................................................................14
17.6 RECOATING .......................................................................................................................................................................15
17.7 LINING REPAIRS .................................................................................................................................................................15
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18. CURING....................................................................................................................................................................................16
19. CONTINUITY TESTING OF THE LINING.......................................................................................................................16
20. INSPECTION ...........................................................................................................................................................................16

20.1 GENERAL INSPECTION .......................................................................................................................................................16
20.2 SURFACE PREPARATION .....................................................................................................................................................17
20.3 APPLICATION OF LINING ....................................................................................................................................................17
20.4 LINING INSPECTION ...........................................................................................................................................................18
21. LINING IDENTIFICATION..................................................................................................................................................18
22. GUARANTEE ..........................................................................................................................................................................18

APPENDIX 1 ...........................................................................................................................................................................20
APPENDIX 2 ...........................................................................................................................................................................23
APPENDIX 3 ...........................................................................................................................................................................24
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1. GENERAL
1.1 Introduction
This Specification covers the general design, materials, surface preparation, application, and
testing requirements for lining the internal surfaces of shop and field fabricated tanks, pressure
vessels and other equipment in a shop or jobsite environment.
1.2 Purpose
The materials and procedures specified herein are provided to protect the internal surfaces of
carbon steel tanks, pressure vessels, and equipment from corrosion and to prevent the possibility
of product contamination.
1.3 Definitions
For the purposes of this Specification, the following definitions shall apply:
1.3.1 APPLICATION DATA — Application instructions, recommendations and guidelines described in
the published literature of the lining materials Manufacturer, referenced industry standards and any
specific requirements noted in this Specification and any drawings issued to the LINING
CONTRACTOR.
1.3.2 COMPANY — ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO).
1.3.3 CONCESSION REQUEST - A deviation requested by the SUBCONTRACTOR, usually after
receiving the contract package or purchase order. Often, it refers to an authorization to use, repair,
recondition, reclaim, or release materials, components or equipment already in progress or
completely manufactured but which does not meet or comply with ADNOC requirements. A
CONCESSION REQUEST is subject to COMPANY approval.
1.3.4 CONTRACTOR — The party which carries out all or part of the Design, Engineering,
Procurement, Construction, Construction or Management of the Project.
1.3.5 CORROSION ENGINEER - The engineer in the CONTRACTOR’S organization responsible for the
development and/or the maintenance of the Specification.
1.3.6 DESIGN TEMPERATURE - The temperature for which the tank is designed and which is shown on
the tank drawings. This temperature shall not be used for selecting the lining systems.
1.3.7 DFT MEASUREMENT -The average value of three readings recorded by the use of a properly
calibrated dry film thickness gauge. The readings shall be within a 150 mm radius and evenly
spread out from a given spot.
1.3.8 DRY FILM THICKNESS (DFT) -The dry film thickness of the lining. In the absence of a specified
range, the value stated shall mean a minimum value. The maximum value shall not be more than
1.5 times the stated value.
1.3.9 LINING CONTRACTOR - The party responsible for the lining work, including surface preparation,
application and inspection in accordance with this Specification.
1.3.10 MAXIMUM OPERATING TEMPERATURE - The maximum operating temperature (MOT) is the
same as the normal operating temperature. However, if upset conditions are stated on the P&ID’s,
then the highest temperature during upset conditions shall be considered as the maximum
operating temperature, superseding the normal operating temperature. The maximum operating
temperature shall be used for selection of the lining system.
1.3.11 PROJECT – To be defined.
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1.3.12 REFERENCE PANELS - Panels with lining system applied by the LINING MANUFACTURER and
approved by the CONTRACTOR for use as standard reference panels for testing and inspection
of the lining system applied by the LINING CONTRACTOR.
1.3.13 SHALL - The use of the word “shall” indicates a mandatory requirement.
1.3.14 SUBCONTRACTOR — The party(s) which carry(s) out all or part of the design, procurement,
installation and testing of the System(s) as specified by the CONTRACTOR.
1.3.15 SURFACES - All carbon steel surfaces which will be exposed to the process fluids at maximum
capacity, including interior surfaces by way of example, but not by limitation, surfaces of all items
located inside the tank (structural supports, pipe supports, mixers, etc.), nozzle interiors, flange
facings, sides of pontoon, accessway covers, blind flanges, guide poles, roof legs, footings, etc.
For lining purposes of floating roof tanks, shell interior side up to the highest operating level of the
roof shall be considered for lining installation.
1.3.16 TANK FABRICATOR - The party responsible for fabricating the tanks.
2. CODES AND STANDARDS

It shall be the LINING CONTRACTOR’S responsibility to be, or to become, knowledgeable of the
requirements of the referenced codes and standards.
The following codes and standards, to the extent specified herein, form a part of this Specification.
When an edition date is not indicated for a code or standard, the latest edition in force at the time
the LINING CONTRACTOR’S proposal is submitted shall apply.
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CORROSION ENGINEERS (NACE)
RP0178 Fabrication Details, Surface Finish Requirements, and Proper Design

Considerations for Tanks and Vessels to be Lined for Immersion Service
(Except Appendix B of this standard RP0178)
RP0184 Repair of Lining Systems
RP0188 Discontinuity (Holiday) Testing of Protective Coatings
RP0287 Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Abrasive Blast Cleaned Steel
Surfaces Using a Replica Tape
RP0288 Inspection of Lining on Steel and Concrete
TM0174 Laboratory Methods for the Evaluation of Protective Coatings and Lining
Materials In Immersion Service
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO)
ISO 2409 Paints and Varnishes - Cross-cut test for adhesion

ISO 2808 Paints and Varnishes - Determination of film thickness
ISO 4624 Paints and Varnishes - Pull-off test for adhesion
ISO 4628-2 Paints and Varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings -
Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect
- Part 2: Designation of degree of blistering
- Part 3: Designation of degree of rusting
- Part 4: Designation of degree of cracking
- Part 5: Designation of degree of flaking
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- Part 6: Rating of degree of chalking by tape method
ISO 8501-1 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products-Visual assessment of surface cleanliness
- Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates
and steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings
products-Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness
- Part 1: Field test for soluble iron corrosion products
- Part 2: Laboratory determination of chloride on cleaned surfaces
- Part 3: Assessment of dust on steel surfaces prepared for painting
(pressure-sensitive tape method)
- Part 4: Guidance on the estimation of the probability of condensation
prior to paint application
products-Surface roughness characteristics of blast cleaned steel
substrates
- Part 2: Method for the grading of surface profile of abrasive blast-
cleaned steel-Comparator procedure
products-Surface preparation methods
- Part 2: Abrasive blast-cleaning
products-Surface preparation methods
- Part 3: Hand and power tool cleaning
ISO 9001 Quality Systems - Model for Quality Assurance in Design/Development,
Production, Installation and Servicing
ISO 9003 Quality Systems - Model for Quality Assurance in Final Inspection and
Test
ISO 9004 Quality Management and Quality System Elements - Guidelines
STEEL STRUCTURES PAINTING COUNCIL (SSPC)
SSPC-PA-2 Measurement of Dry Paint Thickness with Magnetic Gauges
SSPC-SP 1 Solvent Cleaning
SSPC-VIS 1 Pictorial Surface Preparation Standards
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)
ASTM D4285 Test Method for Indicating Oil or Water in Compressed Air
ASTM E337 Test for Relative Humidity by Wet-and-Dry Bulb Psychrometer
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3. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
The following reference documents, to the extent specified herein, form a part of this Specification.
When an edition date is not indicated for a document, the latest edition in force at the time that
LINING CONTRACTOR proposal is submitted shall apply.
PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS
♦ DGS.6600.010 Painting
♦ DGS.6710.001 Preservation and Export Packing Specification
4. DOCUMENT PRECEDENCE
The LINING CONTRACTOR shall notify the CONTRACTOR of any apparent conflict between this
Specification, the related data sheets, the Codes and Standards and any other specifications noted
herein. Resolution and/or interpretation precedence shall be obtained from the CONTRACTOR in
writing before proceeding with the design/manufacture.
In case of conflict, the order of precedence shall be:
♦ This Specification
♦ APPLICATION DATA
♦ Industry codes and standards
5. SPECIFICATION DEVIATION/CONCESSION CONTROL

Any technical deviations to the Specification and its attachments including, but not limited to, the
Data Sheets and Narrative Specifications shall be sought by the LINING CONTRACTOR only
through the CONCESSION REQUEST format. CONCESSION REQUESTS require
CONTRACTOR'S and COMPANY'S review/approval, prior to the proposed technical changes
being implemented. Technical changes implemented prior to COMPANY approval are subject to
rejection.
6. QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL

LINING CONTRACTOR’S proposed quality system shall fully satisfy all the elements of ISO 9001,
“Quality Systems - Model for Quality Assurance in Design/ Development, Production, Installation,
and Servicing,” ISO 9003, “Quality Systems - Model for Quality Assurance in Final Inspection and
Test” and ISO 9004, “Quality Management and Quality System Elements - Guidelines.” The
quality system shall provide for the planned and systematic control of all quality-related activities
performed during design/development, production, installation or servicing (as appropriate to the
given system). Implementation of the system shall be in accordance with the CONTRACTOR’S
Quality Manual and Project Specific Quality Plan, which shall both together with all
related/referenced procedures, be submitted to COMPANY for review, comment and approval as
required by purchase/contract documents.
In addition to the above requirements, LINING CONTRACTOR shall prepare its own inspection
and test plan, based on its own Quality Manual, for approval of CONTRACTOR and COMPANY
prior to any work.
7. DOCUMENTATION
The LINING CONTRACTOR shall assume unit responsibility and overall guarantee for the internal
linings.
The LINING CONTRACTOR shall transmit all relevant purchase order documents including
specifications to his SUBVENDORS and SUBCONTRACTORS.
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It is the LINING CONTRACTOR's responsibility to enforce all Purchase Order and Specification
requirements on his SUBVENDORS and SUBCONTRACTORS.
The LINING CONTRACTOR shall submit all relevant SUBVENDOR and SUBCONTRACTOR
drawings and engineering data to the CONTRACTOR.
The LINING CONTRACTOR shall obtain and transmit all SUBVENDOR and SUBCONTRACTORS
warranties to the CONTRACTOR/COMPANY, in addition to the system warranty.
8. HANDLING
Preparation for shipment of all lined items shall be in accordance with the LINING
CONTRACTOR'S standards. LINING CONTRACTOR shall be solely responsible for the adequacy
of the preparation for shipment provisions with respect to materials and application, and to provide
equipment at the destination in ex-works condition when handled by commercial carriers.
Adequate protection of lined equipment shall be provided to prevent mechanical damage and
atmospheric corrosion in transit and at the job site.
Preparation for shipment and packing will be subject to inspection and rejection by
COMPANY'S/CONTRACTOR'S inspectors. All costs of lined equipment occasioned by such
rejection shall be to the account of the LINING CONTRACTOR.
After inspection and test, equipment shall be completely free of water and dry before start of
preparation for shipment.
All equipment and material shall be preserved and export packed in accordance with Preservation
and Export Packing Specification DGS.6710.001.
9. EXECUTION
In case of conflicting requirements between the documents related to the APPLICATION DATA,
the LINING CONTRACTOR shall submit all conflicting information to the CONTRACTOR for
resolution. If the published literature of the LINING MANUFACTURER does not contain required
information, LINING CONTRACTOR shall obtain additional information from the parent corporate
office of the LINING MANUFACTURER if the local LINING MANUFACTURER is a licensee or a
subsidiary of a multinational organization and transmit the same to the CONTRACTOR. Any
deviations from or changes to LINING MANUFACTURER'S published literature shall be subject to
CONTRACTOR'S review, acceptance or rejection without comment, explanation and/or
justification. (Note: Where recommendations, instructions and guidelines are given in permissive
language such as 'may', 'should', and 'recommended', compliance with those recommendations,
instructions and guidelines shall be considered mandatory unless otherwise instructed by the
CONTRACTOR.)
Resolution of any technical conflicts between documents and selection of any option from available
options (especially testing) shall be by the CORROSION ENGINEER and the COMPANY.
The LINING CONTRACTOR shall inform the CONTRACTOR of any potential problem requiring a
design modification at the time of design or fabrication.
The LINING CONTRACTOR is solely responsible for supply of installed and consumable materials,
equipment (air compressor, after cooler, blast cleaning, dehumidifying, ventilation, spray etc.),
tools, instruments and labor (application, supervision, quality control etc.) and each and every item
of expense to supply, apply, cure and check the integrity of the entire lining system in accordance
with this Specification. Application of the lining system consists of, by way of example but not by
limitation, surface conditioning, degreasing, removal of water solubles, blast cleaning, priming (if
applicable), lining application, full cure and quality checks and any repairs.
The lining application shall be performed after fabrication and pressure testing.
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All blast cleaning personnel and lining personnel shall be prequalified at least one week prior to
start of work. Each qualified person shall wear an identification badge which shows that he/she has
been tested and qualified to perform the work.
The lining work shall be performed when all the following conditions exist:
♦ All blast cleaning and lining personnel are prequalified.
♦ All inspection equipment is ready.
♦ All REFERENCE PANELS are ready.
♦ All specified materials are available on site.
♦ All APPLICATION DATA is available to each of the involved personnel at the site.
♦ All welding and pressure test (hydrotest) tasks are completed.
♦ The substrate metal temperature is above 10°C and below 43°C unless manufacturer’s
requirements are more restrictive.
♦ The substrate metal temperature is at least 3°C above the dew point.
♦ All the surfaces to be coated are dry.
♦ The relative humidity is below 80%.
♦ Ventilation equipment is properly set-up.
♦ Dehumidifying equipment is ready to operate when necessary.
♦ Adjacent surfaces have been covered or otherwise protected
♦ All surfaces and equipment which will be adversely affected are protected from abrasives.
♦ When the available light is more than 500 lux
♦ Inspection and test plan has been approved.
10. SURFACE CONDITIONING

LINING CONTRACTOR is responsible to assure compliance with the following design guidelines
and NACE RP0178 prior to surface preparation and lining application:
♦ All edges of clips, plates and other items shall be rounded or chamfered to a minimum radius of
5 mm.
♦ All interior welds shall be continuous seal welds.
♦ Welds shall be free of porosity, pockets and high spots. Welds shall be blast cleaned lightly for
the purpose of inspection. If blast cleaning reveals unacceptable weld defects, such as
laminations, slivers, pinholes, undercuts or craters, they shall be repaired.
♦ Ripples in weld beads shall be ground smooth and edges blended smoothly into the adjacent
plate surface.
♦ Surface quality of welds shall be at least equal to or better than NACE RP0178, Weld
Designation D.
♦ All weld slag, splatter and flux shall be removed.
♦ Welding or removal of any temporary attachments and hydrotesting shall be done before
surface preparation and lining application.
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11. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT
Coating materials specified or referenced by the MANUFACTURER name and/or brand name are
intended to describe the quality level of the coating materials desired and are not intended to be
restrictive or to exclude similar items by other manufacturers. Alternate materials of similar quality
or better may be submitted for approval of the CORROSION ENGINEER and the COMPANY.
11.1 Compressed air

All air compressors shall be of a sufficient size to deliver 100 PSI at the nozzle. Each compressor
shall have two oil/moisture filters, one located at the compressed air exit of the compressor and
one located just before the after cooler.
Compressed air used for blasting and lining application must be clean, oil free and dry.
The compressed air shall be passed through a cooler.
Proper functioning of the in-line moisture and oil traps shall be evaluated daily by allowing the air
supply (downstream from the traps) to blow against a clean, white cloth in accordance with ASTM
D4285. No moisture or oil should be deposited on the cloth.
If contaminants are detected, the equipment deficiencies shall be corrected and the air stream
shall be retested. Surfaces determined to have been blasted since the last successful test shall be
degreased and reblasted with clean air and abrasive. LININGS determined to have been applied
using contaminated air shall be removed and new LININGS applied using clean air.
11.2 Degreaser
The degreaser shall be a waterbased biodegradable cleaner such as Carboline Surface Cleaner
No. 3 or Sipco-Devoe DEVREP88.
11.3 Abrasives
Abrasives shall be composed of clean, hard particles free from foreign substances such as dirt, oil,
grease, toxic substances, organic matter, mill scale, soil and water soluble salts. The pH of the
abrasive materials shall be below 6.2. The moisture content of the selected abrasive shall not
exceed 0.5 percent by weight. The conductivity of deionized water extract of the abrasive material
shall not exceed 150 micro-Siemens/cm.
Abrasive shall be supergarnet for blast cleaning all surfaces. Silica sand, copper slag, and steel
shot shall not be used.
The abrasive must be capable of producing the degree of cleanliness and surface profile specified.
The abrasive partical size and type shall be suitable to obtain the anchor profile
recommended by the lining materials manufacturer. Lining materials manufacturer
recommendations regarding abrasive selection shall be utilized and all deviations from
these recommendations require a concession request.
11.4 Lining materials

Lining materials shall be as stated in the LINING SYSTEMS section of this specification.
Thinners and cleaners shall be products of the LINING MANUFACTURER and as recommended in
the APPLICATION DATA. Cleaners shall not be used as thinners.
11.5 Equipment
Blasting equipment for floor shall be portable automatic blast cleaning machine such as BlasTrac.
Spray equipment shall be maintained in good working order and shall be comparable to that
described in the APPLICATION DATA. Worn spray nozzles, tips, etc. shall be replaced.
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Dehumidifying equipment shall be of a sufficient size to provide the required air changes at the
temperature and humidity levels stated in the APPLICATION DATA.
Ventilation equipment and ducting shall be of a sufficient size to provide the required air changes
stated in the APPLICATION DATA and avoid any solvent trapped areas inside the lined item.
11.6 Inspection instruments

The following inspection instruments shall be supplied, calibrated and maintained by the LINING
CONTRACTOR and available to the CONTRACTOR or his authorized representative.
♦ 100 power illuminated inspection microscope
♦ Binoculars (for visual inspection of high points)
♦ Calibration standards for dry film thickness gauge
♦ Dry film thickness gauge with computer interface, Positector 6000 or equal.
♦ Elcometer adhesion tester Model 106/2
♦ KTA SCAT kit (Surface contamination analysis test kit) or salt contamination meter Elcometer
SCM 400
♦ Testex Press-O-Film Kit
♦ NACE RP0178 surface finish weld replica
♦ pH strips
♦ REFERENCE PANELS
♦ Sling psychrometer
♦ Surface profile gauge and accessories
♦ Surface thermometer
♦ Temperature and humidity records ( 7 day type)
♦ Low voltage holiday detector
♦ High voltage holiday detector
♦ Tooke gauge
♦ Wet film thickness gauge
12. DEHUMIDIFICATION
Surfaces must be maintained at least 3°C above the dew point, immediately before and during the
lining installation and remain in this condition during curing. To comply with this requirement,
dehumidifying equipment shall be at the site. The capacity of the dehumidifying equipment shall be
as recommended by the dehumidifying equipment manufacturer. Dehumidification equipment shall
be capable of achieving relative humidity levels below 60 percent.
The humidity inside the tank shall be maintained at 80 percent or lower. Lining application may be
permitted on a case-by-case basis by the CONTRACTOR when the relative humidity is between
80 and 85 percent. Lining application is not permitted when the humidity is above 85 percent.
13. VENTILATION
During all blast cleaning operations, ventilation shall be maintained to allow adequate visibility and
for safety. Flexible ventilation ducts shall be used to allow the point of extraction to be reasonably
close to the blaster. The ventilation ducts shall be arranged so that dead spaces do not exist.
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Ventilation must be maintained during the entire lining application and continue while the solvent is
released from the lining film during drying. The ventilation system must prevent the vapor
concentration from exceeding 10 percent of the lower explosive limit (or less than this if required by
the local regulations.)
Proper exhaust shall be maintained using ducts of appropriate size at various levels inside the item
being lined.
The number of air changes during lining installation and curing shall be 10 air changes per hour.
The forced ventilation shall be maintained for at least 48 hours after the application of the lining
system.
During application, to minimize dry spray, a lower level of ventilation shall be maintained and the
number of air changes shall be determined by the LINING CONTRACTOR subject to safety
considerations.
Provisions shall be made for 24 hour surveillance of any ventilation equipment.
14. Lighting
Lighting during blast cleaning and lining application must be electrically safe and provide suitable
illumination for all work. Low voltage lights, approved by the CONTRACTOR, shall be used. High
voltage lights shall not be used inside the item being lined. All circuit boxes and switches shall be
located outside.
15. SURFACE PREPARATION

Surface preparation tasks shall be as follows:
All surfaces shall be degreased with a biodegradable water based cleaner. Degreased surfaces
shall be thoroughly washed to remove any film of the degreaser.
All water soluble compounds shall be removed by additional washing with potable water. After
washing, the surfaces shall be tested for water soluble salts with the KTA SCAT test kit. If the
quantity of water soluble salts is more than 2 micrograms per square centimeter, washing shall be
repeated.
Surfaces shall be dried with natural ventilation. If forced air is used, the air shall be oil free.
All coatings applied in the shop such as prefabrication shop primers shall be completely removed.
All traces of shop primer, if applied, shall be removed by blast cleaning.
All surfaces shall be blast cleaned with clean, dry premium grade garnet to white metal. Floor
surfaces may be cleaned with steel grit if a BlastTrac or similar blast cleaning unit is used. (Note:
Surface cleaning per Sa 3 shall supersede any conflicting degree of cleanliness requirement.)
Garnet shall not be recycled for blast cleaning. Steel grit may be reused for floor surfaces when a
BlastTrac unit is used provided the grit is checked for oil contamination at least once per every 100
square meters of floor surface. If oil contamination is suspected, the grit shall be immediately
discarded and 100 percent of the cleaned floor surface shall be checked for oil contamination using
a black light. Any contamination on the floor shall be completely removed.
Before initial blast inspection, the bulk of the spent abrasive shall be removed. Any substandard
areas including burrs, slivers, scabs and weld splatter shall be identified and repaired. All marking
paint, chalk, etc. must be removed after repairs.
All surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned to remove all embedded materials from the surface.
Industrial vacuum cleaners fitted with non-metallic brushes shall be used to remove surface dust
and embedded materials. Blowing the dust with compressed air is not permitted.
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Cleaning shall be carried out on any area on which debris or dust can collect, which may
contaminate surfaces to be coated including scaffolding, underside of the lowered floating roofs,
support columns, etc.
The steelworks for lining application shall be checked after the final cleaning process is finished.
During blast cleaning operations, the spent abrasive shall be periodically removed. Before the end
of day, all spent abrasive shall be removed and floor surface shall be kept tidy.
16. CARE OF CLEANED AND COATED SURFACES

Surfaces must be protected from contamination. All personnel must wear clean coveralls, gloves
and shoes. Surfaces shall be protected from contamination due to fingerprints, foreign material on
workers’ clothes and shoes, dust, lint or moisture.
Once a surface has been cleaned or at any stage during the lining sequence, surfaces must be
kept in a clean condition. A clean area shall be established outside the tank, where footwear may
be cleaned, or preferably changed, before entering the tank.
If rusting occurs, the surfaces shall be recleaned to the degree specified in the previous sections.
The surfaces shall be maintained free of moisture, dust and any contamination until the lining
cures.
If contaminants are present on the surface to be lined or relined, the contamination shall be fully
removed before applying the subsequent coats. If such removal is not feasible, the surface shall
be completely recleaned or contaminated lining shall be completely removed and the lining
process shall be repeated.
17. LINING MATERIAL APPLICATION

The coating shall extend down to the flange faces and gasket faces. Consequently, special devices
or gaskets shall be studied to impair the flange assembly tightness.
17.1 General requirements

A prime coat, if specified as a part of the lining system, or the first coat of the lining system shall be
applied as soon as possible or within four hours after the abrasive blast cleaning operation is
completed and always before the surface starts to rust. If the abrasive blast cleaned surfaces
changes color or rust bloom begins to form, the surfaces shall be reblast cleaned to the specified
degree of cleanliness.
Welds shall be brush coated with primer (if applicable) or lining material to ensure adequate
protection and possibly fill in any irregularities or pinholes within the weld itself to prevent
premature failure.
All weld lanes, edges of support steel, steel plate laps, or other irregular surfaces, where spray
application of material may result in holidays or inadequate dry film thickness, shall have the first
coat applied by brush.
Roller application of the lining is not allowed.
The applied lining shall not have any surface defects such as runs, sags, voids, drips, overspray,
dry spray, pinholes, blisters, craters, orange peel, fish eyes and other defects.
The bond strength between the substrate and the lining and between coats shall not be less than
3000 kPa when tested in accordance with ISO 4624 after full cure and at the time of holiday
testing.
The dry film thickness of each coat shall be within the minimum and maximum limits.
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17.2 Lining systems
Surfaces specified to be lined shall be lined in accordance with the LINING SYSTEMS SCHEDULE
in Appendix 2 and the SERVICE AND LINING SYSTEMS SCHEDULE in Appendix 3. The
systems are specified by generic type subject to final approval of brand name, catalog number and
satisfactory prior service of the lining system by the CORROSION ENGINEER. Each lining system
shall be certified by the LINING MANUFACTURER that it is resistant to the specified service with
specific reference to the MAXIMUM OPERATING TEMPERATURE.
17.3 Service and lining systems schedule

Storage tanks in the service listed in the attached Appendix 3 shall be lined with the linings
systems indicated therein. Unless otherwise indicated in this Specification or on the drawings, all
the entire interior SURFACES shall be fully lined, cured and tested. The lining shall extend beyond
the full face of all flanges of nozzles and manholes unless otherwise noted. All manhole covers
and blind flanges shall be lined.
For floating roof tanks such as crude oil tanks, all internal fittings, roof legs, guide poles, and
bottom and sides of pontoons shall be coated.
17.4 Mixing of materials

Mixing of materials shall be done using power type mixers and always in the proportions and the
order specified in the APPLICATION DATA. Mixing shall also be done at moderate speeds so that
air bubbles and/or moisture are not introduced into the lining materials. Any lining materials into
which either air or moisture is inducted shall be discarded.
Thinning shall be done only if necessary for workability of the lining materials, and then only with
thinners at specified ratios and as listed in the APPLICATION DATA.
When performing repairs, materials in smallest commercially available factory packaged kits shall
be used. Mixing of materials which are approximately proportioned at the worksite is not allowed.
Only complete, premeasured units shall be mixed.
After mixing the components of two part linings, rinse hardener can with thinner to ensure that
correct proportions are kept. The addition of thinners to the lining material shall be done slowly
while mixing. Sudden dumping of thinners into the lining material is not permitted. Lining
materials shall be thoroughly mixed and strained until they are smooth and free of lumps.
After mixing, induction times of the lining materials shall be maintained and mixed materials applied
within the time limits stated in the APPLICATION DATA.
17.5 Number of coats and thickness of lining

The number of coats shall be as noted for each specific lining system.
Each coat shall be gradually built-up by multiple vertical and horizontal passes with each pass
overlapping the previous pass by 25 to 50 percent without runs, sags and dry spray.
The color of each coat shall contrast with succeeding coat and shall be factory tinted. Onsite
tinting is not permitted.
Intercoat contamination shall be minimized by maintaining proper cleanliness. If contaminants are
present on the surface to be coated, the contamination shall be fully removed before applying the
subsequent coats. If such removal is not feasible, the contaminated lining shall be completely
removed and the lining process shall be repeated.
Compensation of higher or lower thickness of any coat by adjusting the thickness of the
succeeding coat is not permitted.
Dry film thickness measurements shall be made in accordance with ISO 2808.
DGS-6600-020/FH
Rev.
DGS 6600 020 0

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INTERNAL LININGS
Allowable errors of margins in instrument readings are less than 25 percent for thin films 25 to 100
microns and less than 10 percent for films from 125 to 500 microns. Gauges used must have
adequate range in order that the anticipated dry film thickness will be read mid-range on the gauge
scale.
17.6 Recoating
Drying times between coats shall be in accordance with the APPLICATION DATA.
Unless otherwise approved by the CORROSION ENGINEER, the minimum recoating time shall be
at least 24 hours and the maximum recoating time shall not exceed 75 percent of the longest
recoating time stated in the APPLICATION DATA.
17.7 Lining repairs

The decision to repair lining defects shall be made on a case-by-case basis by the CORROSION
ENGINEER.
Lining repairs shall be allowed, provided that the repair area is less than 10% of the total area. If
repairs exceed 10% of the total area, the entire tank shall be relined. The CORROSION ENGINEER
shall make the final decision on repairs versus total relining.
The repairs described in the following paragraphs are intended only as guidelines.
Surfaces adjacent to repair areas shall be protected from damage. Suitable protective cover shall
be cardboard or similar material.
Damaged surface lining shall be removed unless it is tightly bonded to the substrate metal. The
surface shall be wiped with a clean rag to remove all dust and loose materials. If there is any oil,
grease or other foreign matter present, it shall be washed with a water based biodegradable
cleaner followed by further rinsing with potable water to remove all traces of the cleaner. The
surface shall be dried.
Areas with spot rust, burnt residue, weld splatter and other solid adherent foreign material shall be
cleaned using portable vacuum blast cleaning unit. Other methods of surface conditioning may be
acceptable with prior agreement by the CONTRACTOR.
Surfaces with pinholes may be cleaned using pencil-head type grinding wheel. Pinholes shall be
repaired as follows:
♦ Grind back to the steel substrate at the pinholes and feather the edges of the existing lining with
clean sandpaper back for a radius of 3 to 5 cm, ensuring that the steel substrate does not
become polished.
♦ All dust shall be removed with a vacuum cleaner equipped with a brush.
♦ Brush full system (except primer) on to the prepared surface.
♦ Allow the material to cure to a tack-free state and recoat as necessary to bring thickness to that
specified.
♦ Allow the material to cure and retest the repaired area for pinholes.
Primer material shall not be used as a repair material as it will affect the integrity of the lining
system in the areas where primer material overlaps the existing lining.
Repair materials shall be the same as the lining system materials with the exception of primer
materials. Repair system shall be the complete lining system less the primer material.
Areas under and over thickness shall be repaired as follows:
Under Thickness(Spot Work)
♦ Uniformly abrade all surfaces so at least 75% of the surface area is randomly roughened and
wipe with acetone to remove dust and contamination.
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INTERNAL LININGS
♦ Apply one coat of topcoat, checking wet film thickness during application to achieve necessary
thickness.
♦ After cure, recheck dry film thickness of the repaired areas.
Over Thickness (Spot Work)
♦ Abrade the area to an acceptable thickness using suitable equipment.
♦ Respark test the sanded area.
All other repair requirements shall be in accordance with NACE RP0184.
18. CURING
The LINING CONTRACTOR is solely responsible for full curing of the lining system including
repaired areas.
The curing shall be in accordance with the APPLICATION DATA.
The LINING CONTRACTOR shall transfer custody and control of the tank to the CONTRACTOR
after full cure of the lining systems and when the lining systems are in ready-to-use condition.
19. CONTINUITY TESTING OF THE LINING

The LINING CONTRACTOR shall inspect 100 percent of the lined surface for the presence of
discontinuities in the lining at the voltage levels calculated in accordance with NACE RP0188,
unless otherwise recommended by the LINING MANUFACTURER and approved by the
CORROSION ENGINEER. The entire surface shall be 100 percent free from discontinuities,
holidays and pinholes without exception.
The continuity testing shall be made after full cure of the lining system. All holidays shall be
repaired and rechecked. Repairs shall be made in accordance with a repair procedure approved
by the CORROSION ENGINEER.
20. INSPECTION
20.1 General inspection

The LINING CONTRACTOR shall have an inspection and test plan approved by the
CONTRACTOR and COMPANY that indicates all witness and hold points prior to start.
The LINING CONTRACTOR is solely responsible for all the tasks of quality control and quality
assurance including maintaining the necessary documentation for a period of five years to verify
compliance with this Specification regardless of partial, full, intermittent or continuous inspection by
the CONTRACTOR.
The applied lining shall be free of runs, sags, voids, drips, overspray, pinholes, loss of adhesion,
blistering, peeling, inadequate cure, spot rust, localized rusting and any other defects.
All defects shall be repaired and re-inspected.
As a minimum, inspection hold points shall be established as follows:
♦ Prior to start of work
♦ Immediately following the surface preparation
♦ Immediately prior to the application of each coat
♦ Following the application of each coat
♦ Following the curing of the lining
DGS-6600-020/FH
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INTERNAL LININGS
Prior to using compressed air, the quality of the air downstream of the separator shall be tested in
accordance with ASTM D4285. This test shall be performed at the beginning and end of each shift
and at not less than four-hour intervals. The test also shall be made after any interruption of the
compressor operation or as required by the CONTRACTOR.
The air shall be used only if the test indicates no visible contamination, oil, or moisture. If
contaminants are evident, the equipment deficiencies shall be corrected and the air stream shall be
retested. Separators shall be bled continuously. All lines shall be tested individually prior to use.
Surfaces which are determined to have been blast cleaned or blown down with contaminated air
shall be recleaned and reblasted with clean air and abrasive. Coatings which have been
determined to have been applied using contaminated air shall be removed and reapplied using
clean air.
The temperature, dew point, and relative humidity shall be determined with a sling psychrometer or
an accepted equal following procedures in ASTM E337 or other procedures permitted by the
CONTRACTOR. Surface temperature shall be determined using surface temperature
thermometers. Readings are required at the start of work and every four hours or at time intervals
designated by the CONTRACTOR.
20.2 Surface preparation
NACE Standard RP0178 shall be used for inspection of surfaces before blast cleaning.
SSPC VIS 1 Visual Standards shall be used to verify the degree of surface cleaning. They shall
not be used to compare surface profile depth. Profile depth shall be verified in accordance with
NACE RP0287.
Abrasives for blast cleaning shall be sharp, angular, clean, dry and free of oil or contaminants. The
particle size shall be capable of producing the specified surface profile. The degree of cleanliness
and depth of profile shall be recorded.
Recirculated grit used for vacuum blast abrasive cleaning shall be tested for the presence of oil by
immersing a sample in water and checking for oil flotation. Tests shall be made at the start of blast
cleaning, every four hours thereafter, and at the end of blast cleaning. If oil is evident, the
contaminated abrasive shall be cleaned or replaced. All surfaces blasted since the last successful
test shall be reblasted using clean abrasive.
All surfaces shall be inspected immediately prior to the application of the first coat of lining material
to ensure compliance with the specified degree of cleanliness and limits set forth for water soluble
salts on the surfaces to be coated.
Verify welds are acceptable relating to roughness, continuity, porosity and sharp edges.
Grease-free chalk shall be used to mark local areas which do not meet the specified requirements
and later removed during repairs.
20.3 Application of lining

The LINING CONTRACTOR shall request the LINING MANUFACTURER to supply three reference
panels with lining material applied by the LINING MANUFACTURER at least fifteen days prior to the
start of the work in accordance with the APPLICATION DATA and requirements stated in this
Specification. The reference panels, at least 300 mm by 300 mm, shall be used to compare the
workmanship of the finished lining inside the tank. Each panel shall be of step-wise construction
showing the degree of blast cleaning and all succeeding coats. LINING CONTRACTOR shall
notify the CONTRACTOR and COMPANY when the panels will be prepared so that the
CONTRACTOR and COMPANY may witness such preparation. All reference panels shall be
approved by the CONTRACTOR and COMPANY for compliance with this Specification before they
can be used as inspection standards. One panel shall be used by the LINING CONTRACTOR,
one panel by the CONTRACTOR and COMPANY and the third panel shall be kept by the
CONTRACTOR as a reserve set.
DGS-6600-020/FH
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INTERNAL LININGS
20.4 Lining inspection
Verify that the lining material is stored in a preassigned area at the temperature range specified in
the APPLICATION DATA.
Record batch numbers of the lining material.
Verify that the shelf life of the lining material has not been exceeded.
Verify that the mixing of the lining materials and amount and type of thinner is in accordance with
the APPLICATION DATA.
Verify that substrate, ambient, and material temperatures are within the range specified in the
APPLICATION DATA. Work shall not proceed unless humidity and dew point are within the
specified limits.
Verify the lined surface is free of abrasives, contaminates, runs, and sags and other lining defects
prior to the application of successive coats.
Verify the method of application, time interval between coats, number of coats applied, and the
minimum cure time to put the lining into service, are in accordance with the APPLICATION DATA.
The required dry film thickness of each coat shall be in accordance with the requirements stated in
this Specification. Verify the gauges are properly calibrated and the readings obtained are
recorded.
Five separate spot measurements (average of three individual readings) spaced evenly over each
9.3 square meters shall be taken. The average of five spot measurements for each 9.3 square
meters shall be within the specified thickness. The minimum and maximum spot measurement
shall be within 30% of specified thickness or per manufacturer’s recommendations if more
stringent. The DFT measurements shall be in accordance with SSPC PA-2.
All lined steel shall be 100% inspected for holidays after full cure of the lining system and in
accordance with the requirements of NACE Recommended Practice RP0188. Voltage settings
shall be as recommended by the LINING MANUFACTURER and approved by the CONTRACTOR.
21. LINING IDENTIFICATION

All tanks, pressure vessels, and equipment that have been internally lined shall be marked as
follows:
THE INTERIOR OF THIS EQUIPMENT IS LINED WITH
(LINING BRAND NAME AND CATALOG NUMBER)
LINING MANUFACTURER’S ADDRESS (CITY, COUNTRY)
DO NOT WELD
(Date of application)
The marking letters shall be at least 150 mm high and in contrasting color. Marking shall be
applied at all nozzles and shall be in English and Arabic.
22. GUARANTEE
The CONTRACTOR shall guarantee performance of the linings (shop and field) for a period of five
years from the date of provisional acceptance by the COMPANY when the entire materials
selection, materials application, selection of the APPLICATOR, supervision of the APPLICATOR
and all tasks related to the lining are under 100 % control of the CONTRACTOR.
DGS-6600-020/FH
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INTERNAL LININGS
This guarantee applies to lining of carbon steel SURFACES.
The CONTRACTOR shall be liable for remedial actions such as spot repair, renovation,
overcoating and refurbishment of the areas of paint failures/defects at site when :
a. The estimate amounts of rust breakthrough on a coating and of total apparent rust (rust
breakthrough plus underfilm rust) exceeds ISO 4628-3 rust scale Ri0, (0.0 % area rusted).
b. Appearance of defects in the lining such as blistering, peeling, flaking, intercoat delamination,
muderacking, etc. affecting the overall integrity of the lining.
The repair procedure and the extent or repair shall be subject to approval by COMPANY. All
defective spots shall be repaired. In case defects occur all over the surface, the entire surface shall
be refurbished.
The degree of blistering shall be evaluated in accordance with ISO 4628-2. The degree of cracking
and flaking in a lining shall be evaluated in accordance with ISO 4628-4 and 4628-5, respectively.
The CONTRACTOR shall undertake to recommence all or part of the lining work subject to
agreement with COMPANY, at any time during the guarantee period. “Recommence” is
understood to mean blast cleaning, supply and application of the lining in conformity with the
present Specification, on site and at the expense of the CONTRACTOR.
Final acceptance shall in principle take place when the guarantee period expires. A detailed
inspection of all painted SURFACES before the guarantee period expires shall then be carried out.
Remedial actions, if any, shall be decided based on the results of the inspection.
DGS-6600-020/FH
Rev.
DGS 6600 020 0

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INTERNAL LININGS
APPENDIX 1
FIBERGLASS REINFORCED EPOXY LININGS FOR

TANK BOTTOMS OF CRUDE OIL STORAGE TANKS
A1-1.0 SCOPE
This Appendix covers the requirements for surface preparation and application of a
glass-reinforced epoxy internal lining system for crude oil storage tank floor areas, first
course of the shell and bearing plates for the roof support legs.
The requirements stated in this Appendix are specific to the fiberglass reinforced epoxy
lining systems and shall be considered as additional to the basic requirements stated in the
main body of this Specification.
A1-2.0 SURFACE PREPARATION

Surface preparation shall be as specified in the main body of this Specification with the
following exceptions:
Surface profile shall be 100 to 125 microns.

Abrasive shall be garnet or steel grit.
Abrasive size shall be suitable to produce the required anchor pattern.
A1-3.0 GLASS-REINFORCED EPOXY LINING
A1-3.1 MATERIALS
The type of resin shall be an ambient temperature-cured epoxy grade, suitable for services
at temperatures up to 80°C, with an amine-adduct hardener. Other types of resin such as
polyesters or vinylesters are not acceptable.
Primer type and material shall be as stated in the APPLICATION DATA. The primer shall
not contain zinc or lead pigments.
The glass fibers shall have a silane finish with binder, soluble in the epoxy resin to be used.
The glass-reinforcement shall be fiber-glass matting or fabric weighing 300 to 450 grams
per square meter. The glass fiber surfacing veil, to be used on top of the main matting
layers, shall be of a weight of 25 to 30 grams per square meter. The glass content of the
glass-reinforced epoxy lining shall be in the range of 25-35% by weight, excluding the
resin-rich surface seal coat.
The use of chopped fiber-glass strands, chopped rovings or glass flakes is not acceptable.
The epoxy putty or mortar used for filling, contouring and smoothing of steel surfaces shall
be manufactured from the same epoxy grade as used for the lining system, with a suitable
filler material.
The LINING CONTRACTOR shall submit detailed APPLICATION DATA and product
specifications for selected primers, resins, additives, seal coats, glass matting, putties, and
construction details for CONTRACTOR’S review and approval. Data for mechanical
strength (notably flexural strength), chemical resistance, evidence of service experience of
the proposed system, and repair procedures for defective or damaged areas shall also be
submitted.
DGS-6600-020/FH
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INTERNAL LININGS
The age of the primer, resin and other chemicals shall not exceed the shelf life as stated by
the LINING MANUFACTURER. Containers shall be clearly marked with batch numbers,
manufacturing date and shelf life for each product.
A1-3.2 APPLICATION
Glass reinforced epoxy lining for the tank bottom shall not be installed when the steel
surface temperature is below 10°C or above 50°C.
To obtain the best adhesion and ultimate chemical resistance of the laminate, it is imperative
that the installations are carried out under dry conditions and that all necessary precautions
shall be taken by the LINING CONTRACTOR to ensure that water does not come into contact
with the uncured resin.
The sequence of steps for the application of the fiberglass reinforced epoxy lining shall be as
follows:
• Surface Preparation by blast cleaning

• Primer application
• Putty application
• First coat application
• Fiberglass reinforcement
• Second coat application
• Seal coat application
• Cure
• Testing and inspection
A1-3.2.1 PRIMER COAT

Selection and application of the epoxy primer coat shall be in accordance with the
APPLICATION DATA.
A1-3.2.2 EPOXY PUTTY

Following blast cleaning and priming of surfaces, an epoxy putty shall be applied to fill,
smoothen, and/or contour weld areas, corners and rough edges. Coving of corners at the
annular ring shall be in accordance with the APPLICATION DATA.
A1-3.2.3 GLASS-REINFORCED EPOXY LINING

The lining system shall only be applied after completion of all mechanical and welding work.
Application of the lining system shall commence only after the entire tank floor and relevant
tank shell area have been primed and epoxy putty applied where required.
The glass-reinforced epoxy lining shall be a wet hand lay-up system of epoxy resin and
glass matting or fabric.
Each layer of glass matting or surfacing veil shall be embedded into the resin with a roller to
remove entrapped air, folds and wrinkles, and to ensure proper wetting of the matting and
veil. The final seal coat shall be sprayed and not rolled.
The lining system shall meet the following basic requirements:
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INTERNAL LININGS
• A total dry (cured) film thickness of the system shall 1.5 to 2.2 mm.
• The system shall contain one reinforcing layer of glass mat and one layer of fiberglass
surfacing veil.
• The total lining thickness shall be, prior to application of the final seal coat, at 1.2 mm
minimum thickness.
• Application, within the curing period of the laminate, of a seal coat (gel coat) of minimum
300, maximum 500 microns.
• The reinforced mat strips overlap the adjoining strips a minimum of 100 mm.
• A minimum offset of 150 mm at joints in successive laminate/matting layers.
The LINING CONTRACTOR shall submit APPLICATION DATA and details of their proposed
lining system regarding application, compliance with, or deviation from the above stated
basic requirements, for CONTRACTOR’S review and approval. The LINING CONTRACTOR
shall also detail their proposed procedures/techniques with respect to laminate lining of
bearing plates for roof support legs, epoxy grouting and radius requirements, chamfering of
the lining top on the shell, sequence and timing of application, and curing requirements.
A1-4.0 TESTING/INSPECTION
A1-4.1 GENERAL
Visual inspection of materials, equipment for surface preparation and for lining application
and protective clothing shall be carried out to ensure compliance with this Specification and
APPLICATION DATA.
A system of controlled issue of resin batches during the work shall be arranged, to ensure
appropriate cover and equal lining thickness on each section of the tank floor.
A1-4.2 LINING THICKNESS

The dry film thickness of the primer coat, of subsequent stages of the lining system and of
the completed lining system shall be checked by making four readings per square meter.
The dry film thickness shall be measured before and after final seal coat application to verify
adequate coverage of the minimum 300, maximum 500 microns thickness seal coat.
The total system thickness at any individual location shall not be less than 1.5 mm and shall
not be more than 2.2 mm.
A1-4.3 CURE AND HARDNESS

Curing of the lining system shall be spot checked by means of a solvent-wipe method, using
a type of solvent appropriate for the selected epoxy system.
Hardness spot checks with a Barcol tester shall be carried out on the cured lining.
A1-4.4 SPARK TESTING (HOLIDAY DETECTION)

The lining system in the tank shall be 100 percent tested using a dry high voltage spark
tester prior to application of the final sealing coat. All holidays detected shall be repaired in
accordance with a qualified and approved repair procedure.
A1-4.5 DESTRUCTIVE TESTS

Destructive testing shall be carried out at the discretion of the CORROSION ENGINEER.
DGS-6600-020/FH
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INTERNAL LININGS
APPENDIX 2
LINING SYSTEMS SCHEDULE

Criteria for approval of the lining system materials by the CORROSION ENGINEER :
♦ The entire system consisting of primer and lining materials shall be from the same
manufacturer.
♦ The MANUFACTURER shall confirm lining system for each tank, service and MAXIMUM
OPERATING TEMPERATURE directly to the CORROSION ENGINEER.
♦ All final lining recommandations from the MANUFACTURER shall be signed by the highest
ranking official in the technical services department of the MANUFACTURER in a form
satifsfactory to the CORROSION ENGINEER.
♦ Hold primer on blast cleaned SURFACES and before applying the lining system shall be as
recommended by the MANUFACTURER and approved by the CORROSION ENGINEER.
♦ Color of hold primer (if any) and each lining coat shall be different and of easily noticeable
contrast.
System System name Surface 1st coat of Lining 2nd coat of Lining Total system
No. Preparation minimum DFT of
(Profile, lining material,
microns) microns
1 Phenolic epoxy Sa3 Phenolic epoxy, Phenolic epoxy, 300 µ
(75 to 100 µ) polyamine cured polyamine cured
(150 µ) (150 µ)
2 Phenolic epoxy-FD Sa3 Phenolic epoxy, Phenolic epoxy, 300 µ
(Food grade) (Food grade)
(150 µ) (150 µ)
3 Phenolic epoxy-AR Sa3 Phenolic epoxy - AR Phenolic epoxy - AR 350 µ
and and
abrasion resistant) abrasion resistant)
(175 µ) (175 µ)
4 Epoxy, amine adduct Sa3 Amine adduct epoxy Amine adduct epoxy 300 µ
(75 to 100 µ) (150 µ) (150 µ)
5 Epoxy, amine adduct - Sa3 Fiberglass 1500 µ
FRP (100 to 125 µ) reinforced amine
cured epoxy (See
Appendix 1)
DGS-6600-020/FH
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INTERNAL LININGS
APPENDIX 3
SERVICE AND LINING SYSTEMS SCHEDULE
Tank service Roof Maximum Interior Lining system

Operating SURFACES
Temp, °C to be lined
Inorganic Chemicals
Water, Condensate 100 E Phenolic epoxy
Water, Demineralized 100 E Phenolic epoxy
Water, Potable Ambient E Phenolic epoxy - FD
Water, Storm Ambient E Epoxy, amine adduct
Water, Ballast
Water, Fire Ambient E Phenolic epoxy
Water, Raw
Water, Utility
Hydrocarbons
Fuel oil (Heavy) Steam coil E Phenolic epoxy
Atmospheric residue Fixed Steam coil F, SB Phenolic epoxy
Vacuum residue ST, C
Atmospheric residue Float Steam coil F, SB Phenolic epoxy - AR
Vacuum residue SFXB
ATKF (Jet 1) Float
Diesel Ambient E Phenolic epoxy
Fuel oil (light) Fixed
Slops Fixed Steam coil
Crude oil Float Ambient F, SB Epoxy, amine adduct-FRF
SFXB Phenolic epoxy-AR
Phenolic epoxy
Gas oil, Light Float Ambient F, C Phenolic epoxy
Gas oil, Heavy SF Phenolic epoxy-AR
Gas oil, Blended
Kerosene
MTBE
Naphtha (all types)
Unleaded gas (all grades)
HC condensate Ambient F, SB Phenolic epoxy
(2 m height)
Hydrocarbon + inorganic blends
Kerosene + spent caustic Ambient E Epoxy, amine adduct
Water + Oily waste
All Services
External sides of pontoon Ambient N/A Epoxy, amine adduct
Top side of pontoon Float Ambient See Painting Specification
Inside of pontoons DGS-MX-001.
DGS-6600-020/FH
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INTERNAL LININGS
Codes for lining SURFACES
C - 100 % of the ceiling (including supports)

E - 100 % of the entire floor, shell and ceiling (including supports)
F - 100 % of the floor
SB - 1000 mm of the shell surface above the floor level
SF - 100 % of the shell (for floating roof tanks, SF does not include SWE)
SFXB - Total shell surface except the bottom one meter
ST - 1000 mm of the shell surface down from the ceiling to shell weld joint.
DGS-6600-020/FH

6600-020 REV 0 - May 2001

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Rev.

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

DESIGN GENERAL SPECIFICATION

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

4. DOCUMENT PRECEDENCE ................................................................................................................................................... 7

5. SPECIFICATION DEVIATION/CONCESSION CONTROL .............................................................................................. 7

6. QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL.................................................................................................................. 7

10. SURFACE CONDITIONING................................................................................................................................................... 9

11. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT........................................................................................................................................10

13. VENTILATION .......................................................................................................................................................................11

14. LIGHTING ...............................................................................................................................................................................12

15. SURFACE PREPARATION ..................................................................................................................................................12

16. CARE OF CLEANED AND COATED SURFACES...........................................................................................................13

17. LINING MATERIAL APPLICATION.................................................................................................................................13

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

19. CONTINUITY TESTING OF THE LINING.......................................................................................................................16

20. INSPECTION ...........................................................................................................................................................................16

22. GUARANTEE ..........................................................................................................................................................................18

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

2. CODES AND STANDARDS

RP0178 Fabrication Details, Surface Finish Requirements, and Proper Design

ISO 2409 Paints and Varnishes - Cross-cut test for adhesion

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

SSPC-PA-2 Measurement of Dry Paint Thickness with Magnetic Gauges

SSPC-SP 1 Solvent Cleaning

SSPC-VIS 1 Pictorial Surface Preparation Standards

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM E337 Test for Relative Humidity by Wet-and-Dry Bulb Psychrometer

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

5. SPECIFICATION DEVIATION/CONCESSION CONTROL

6. QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

10. SURFACE CONDITIONING

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

11.1 Compressed air

11.4 Lining materials

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

11.6 Inspection instruments

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

15. SURFACE PREPARATION

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

16. CARE OF CLEANED AND COATED SURFACES

17. LINING MATERIAL APPLICATION

17.1 General requirements

DGS 6600 020 0

ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO)

17.3 Service and lining systems schedule