Topic 9/19 Redox end of topic test [42 

marks]
1. [1 mark]
What are the oxidation states of oxygen?

Markscheme
C
2. [1 mark]
Which conditions deposit the greatest mass of copper when solutions containing copper
ions are electrolysed for 10 minutes?

Markscheme
D
3. [1 mark]
Which statement is correct when a zinc spoon is electroplated with silver?
A.  The cathode (negative electrode) is made of silver.

B.  The anode (positive electrode) is the zinc spoon.

C.  The anode (positive electrode) is made of silver.

D.  The electrolyte is zinc sulfate solution.

Markscheme
C
4. [1 mark]
The following occurs when metal X is added to Y sulfate solution and Z sulfate solution. (X,
Y and Z represent metal elements but not their symbols.)
X (s) + YSO4 (aq) → XSO4 (aq) + Y (s)
X (s) + ZSO4 (aq): no reaction
What is the order of increasing reactivity?
A.  X < Y < Z

B.  Y < X < Z

C.  Z < Y < X

D.  Z < X < Y

Markscheme
B
5. [1 mark]
What are the products of electrolysis of concentrated aqueous sodium bromide?

Markscheme
D
6. [1 mark]
Which is not a requirement of the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)?
A. V = 1 dm3
B. p(H2) = 100 kPa
C. use of platinum as the electrode material
D. [H3O+] = 1 mol dm−3

Markscheme
A
7. [1 mark]
Consider the following table of standard electrode potentials.

Which is the strongest oxidizing agent?

A. Pb2+
B. Pb
C. Al3+
D. Al

Markscheme
A
8. [1 mark]
In the electrolysis of aqueous potassium nitrate, KNO 3(aq), using inert electrodes, 0.1 mol
of a gas was formed at the cathode (negative electrode).
Which is correct?

Markscheme
B
9. [1 mark]
Which element is reduced in the following decomposition?
(NH4)2Cr2O7(s) → N2(g) + Cr2O3(s) + 4H2O(g)
A.     N
B.     H
C.     Cr
D.     O

Markscheme
C
10. [1 mark]
What are the relative volumes of gas given off at E and F during electrolysis of the two cells
in series? Assume all electrodes are inert.

A.     1:1
B.     1:2
C.     2:1
D.     5:2

Markscheme
B
11. [1 mark]
Which compounds can be reduced?
I.     C2H4
II.     CH3COOH
III.     CH3CHO
A.     I and II only
B.     I and III only
C.     II and III only
D.     I, II and III

Markscheme
D
12a. [1 mark]
Nickel catalyses the conversion of propanone to propan-2-ol.

The diagram shows an unlabelled voltaic cell for the reaction

¿
Label the diagram with the species in the equation.

Markscheme

12b. [1 mark]
Calculate the standard cell potential, in V , for the cell at 298 K . Use section 24 of the data
booklet
Markscheme
¿−0.13 V −(−0.26 V ) =+¿ 0.13≪V ≫¿  ✔
12c. [1 mark]
❑
Calculate the standard free energy change, G , in kJ , for the cell using sections 1 and 2 of
the data booklet.

Markscheme
Θ Θ 0.13
¿ ΔG =−nFE =−2 × 96500× =¿−25≪kJ ≫¿  ✔
1000
12d. [1 mark]
Suggest a metal that could replace nickel in a new half-cell and reverse the electron flow.
Use section 25 of the data booklet.

Markscheme
Bi/Cu/ Ag /Pd / Hg/Pt / Au  ✔
Accept Sb OR As.
13a. [2 marks]
Copper forms two chlorides, copper(I) chloride and copper(II) chloride.
Two electrolysis cells were assembled using graphite electrodes and connected in series as
shown.

 
State how current is conducted through the wires and through the electrolyte.
Wires: 
Electrolyte:

Markscheme
Wires:
«delocalized» electrons «flow» ✔

Electrolyte:
«mobile» ions «flow» ✔
13b. [1 mark]
Write the half-equation for the formation of gas bubbles at electrode 1.

Markscheme
2Cl− → Cl2 (g) + 2e−
OR
1
Cl− → Cl2 (g) + e− ✔
2
NOTE: Accept e for e−.
13c. [1 mark]
Bubbles of gas were also observed at another electrode. Identify the electrode and the gas.
Electrode number (on diagram):
Name of gas: 

Markscheme
«electrode» 3 AND oxygen/O2 ✔
NOTE: Accept chlorine/Cl2.
13d. [1 mark]
Deduce the half-equation for the formation of the gas identified in (c)(iii).

Markscheme
2H2O (l) → 4H+ (aq) + O2 (g) + 4e– ✔
NOTE: Accept 2Cl– (aq) → Cl2 (g) + 2e–.
Accept 4OH− → 2H2O + O2 + 4e−
13e. [1 mark]
Copper(I) chloride undergoes a disproportionation reaction, producing copper(II) chloride
and copper.
2Cu+ (aq) → Cu (s) + Cu2+ (aq)
Calculate the cell potential at 298 K for the disproportionation reaction, in V, using section
24 of the data booklet.
Markscheme
Eθ = «+0.52 – 0.15 = +» 0.37 «V» ✔
13f. [1 mark]
Comment on the spontaneity of the disproportionation reaction at 298 K.

Markscheme
spontaneous AND Eθ positive ✔
13g. [1 mark]
Calculate the standard Gibbs free energy change, ΔGθ, to two significant figures, for the
disproportionation at 298 K. Use your answer from (e)(i) and sections 1 and 2 of the data
booklet.

Markscheme
ΔGθ = «−nFE = −1 mol × 96 500 C Mol–1 × 0.37 V=» −36 000 J/−36 kJ ✔
 
NOTE: Accept “−18 kJ mol–1 «per mole of Cu+»”.

Do not accept values of n other than 1.

Apply SF in this question.

Accept J/kJ or J mol−1/kJ mol−1 for units.

14. [2 marks]
An aqueous solution of silver nitrate, AgNO3 (aq), can be electrolysed using platinum
electrodes.
Formulate the half-equations for the reaction at each electrode during electrolysis.
Cathode (negative electrode):
Anode (positive electrode):

Markscheme
Cathode (negative electrode):
Ag+ (aq) + e− → Ag (s)    [✔]

Anode (positive electrode):

2H2O(l) → O2 (g) + 4H+ (aq) + 4e−    [✔]
 
Note: Accept 4OH− (aq) → O2 (g) + 2H2O(l) + 4e−
Accept multiple or fractional coefficients in both half-equations.
15a. [2 marks]
Rhenium, Re, was the last element with a stable isotope to be isolated.
Before its isolation, scientists predicted the existence of rhenium and some of its
properties.
A scientist wants to investigate the catalytic properties of a thin layer of rhenium metal on
a graphite surface.

Describe an electrochemical process to produce a layer of rhenium on graphite.

Markscheme
electrolyze «a solution of /molten» rhenium salt/Re n+     [✔]
graphite as cathode/negative electrode
OR
rhenium forms at cathode/negative electrode     [✔]

Note: Accept “using rhenium anode” for M1.

15b. [2 marks]
Describe how the relative reactivity of rhenium, compared to silver, zinc, and copper, can
be established using pieces of rhenium and solutions of these metal sulfates.

Markscheme
place «pieces of» Re into each solution    [✔]
if Re reacts/is coated with metal, that metal is less reactive «than Re»    [✔]
 
Note: Accept other valid observations such as “colour of solution fades” or “solid/metal
appears” for “reacts”.
15c. [1 mark]
Rhenium forms salts containing the perrhenate(VII) ion, ReO4−.
Deduce the coefficients required to complete the half-equation.
ReO4− (aq) + ____H+ (aq) + ____e− ⇌ [Re(OH)2]2+ (aq) + ____H2O (l)        Eθ = +0.36 V

Markscheme
ReO4− (aq) + 6H+ (aq) + 3e− ⇌ [Re(OH)2]2+ (aq) + 2H2O (l)    [✔]
15d. [1 mark]
Predict, giving a reason, whether the reduction of ReO4− to [Re(OH)2]2+ would oxidize Fe2+ to
Fe3+ in aqueous solution. Use section 24 of the data booklet.

Markscheme
no AND ReO4− is a weaker oxidizing agent than Fe3+
OR
no AND Fe3+ is a stronger oxidizing agent than ReO4−
OR
no AND Fe2+ is a weaker reducing agent than [Re(OH)2]2+
OR
no AND [Re(OH)2]2+ is a stronger reducing agent than Fe2+
OR
no AND cell emf would be negative/–0.41 V     [✔]
16a. [2 marks]
Bromine can form the bromate(V) ion, BrO3−.
Bromate(V) ions act as oxidizing agents in acidic conditions to form bromide ions.
Deduce the half-equation for this reduction reaction.
Markscheme
BrO3− (aq) + 6e− + 6H+ (aq) → Br− (aq) + 3H2O (l)
correct reactants and products ✔
balanced equation ✔
 
Accept reversible arrows.
16b. [1 mark]
Bromate(V) ions oxidize iron(II) ions, Fe2+, to iron(III) ions, Fe3+.
Deduce the equation for this redox reaction.

Markscheme
BrO3− (aq) + 6Fe2+ (aq) + 6H+ (aq) → Br− (aq) + 3H2O (l) + 6Fe3+ (aq) ✔
 
17a. [2 marks]
The diagram shows an incomplete voltaic cell with a light bulb in the circuit.
Identify the missing component of the cell and its function.

Markscheme
salt bridge
 
movement of ions
OR
balance charge
 
Do not accept “to complete circuit” unless ion movement is mentioned for M2.
[2 marks]
17b. [2 marks]
Deduce the half-equations for the reaction at each electrode when current flows.
 

Markscheme
Positive electrode (cathode):
Ag+(aq) + e– → Ag(s)
 
Negative electrode (anode):
Mg(s) → Mg2+(aq) + 2e–
 
Award [1 max] if correct equations given at wrong electrodes.
[2 marks]
17c. [1 mark]
Annotate the diagram with the location and direction of electron movement when current
flows.

Markscheme
in external wire from left to right
[1 mark]
17d. [1 mark]
Calculate the cell potential, in V, using section 24 of the data booklet.
Markscheme
«E = +0.80 V – (–2.37 V) = +» 3.17 «V»
[1 mark]

17e. [2 marks]
Determine the loss in mass of one electrode if the mass of the other electrode increases by
0.10 g.

Markscheme
0.10 g
«moles of silver »
107.87 g mo l−1
0.5× 0.10 ≪ g ≫
moles of magnesium ¿
107.87≪ g mol −1 ≫
24.31 g mol × 0.5× 0.10 g
«loss in mass of magnesium ¿ −1
=¿» 0.011 «g»
107.87 g mol
 
Award [2] for correct final answer.
[2 marks]

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