6-7 - River Hydropower Planning

River Hydropower Planning
2021-7-14
2021-7-14
01 Overview
02 Role and Significance of River Hydropower Planning
03 How to Plan River Hydropower
04 New Trends in River Hydropower Planning
05 Summary
2
中国电力建设集团有限公司 3
1 Overview
First hydropower station: France: 1878
China: 1912
Yunnan: 2*240 kW
USA: 1882
Wisconsin: 24 kW
4
1 Overview
Africa
非州 9%
Asia
亚州 20%
South
America
南美州 26%
North
America
北美州 39%
Europe
欧州 54%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Proportion of Hydropower Development in Continents

5
1 Overview
Installed hydropower capacity in China (2004 - 2020)

GW
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
6
1 Overview
100%
92%
88%
90% 86%
80%
74% 73%
70% 67%
60%
50%
40%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Switzerland France Italy Germany Japan USA China
Hydraulic Development in Some Countries in the World

7
1 概述
GW
1400
核电power
Nuclear
2% Total installed capacity: 2200 GW
1200
Installed hydropower capacity: 370 GW
太阳能
Solar energy
11%
1000
风电
13%
Wind power
800 Thermal power

火电
57%
Hydropower
水电
17%
600
400
200
0
Thermal
2020
火电power Hydropower
水电 Wind
风电 power Solar
太阳能energy Nuclear
核电power
8
1 Overview
Characteristics:
• Clean energy
• Renewable
• Low operating costs
• Quick startup
9
10
2 Role & Significance
v 1) Find out the conditions for hydropower development of rivers

Yangtze River
Upper reaches Middle and lower reaches
4500km 1893km
Headwater
Yichang
Estuary
11
v 1) Find out the conditions for hydropower development of rivers

Yangtze River
Upper reaches Middle and lower reaches
4500km 1893km
Headwater
Yichang
Estuary
12
v 2) Coordinate river comprehensive utilization requirements
Upper reaches
4500km 1893km
Yangtze
estuary
13
v 3) Give priority to cascade development schemes
1893km
Headwaters
Yichang
Yangtze
estuary
14
v 4) Recommend recent projects
15
v Ensure orderly development
v Ensure generation benefits
v Ensure comprehensive benefits
v Ensure reasonable compensation
16
17
2021-7-14
3 How to Plan River Hydropower
18
1st Select a river
In general, there are many rivers

in a country. It is impossible to
plan all rivers at the same time.
The government will give priority
to one river for planning, based
on the characteristics of rivers and
the needs of national economic
and social development.
Sistema de agua del Río Sistema de agua del Río Sistema de agua de
Hei Longjiang Huang He suroeste
Sistema de agua del Río Sistema de agua del Río Cuenca de río interior de
Ya Lv Huai He Nei Menggu
Sistema de agua del Río Cuenca de río interior de
Liao He y Hai He Sistema de agua del Río noroeste
Leyenda
Sistema de agua del Río Ertix Cuenca de río interior de

Chang Jiang Sistema de agua del Río altiplanicie del norte de
Sistema costero de agua Zhu Jiang Tíbet
del Jiao Dong Sistema costero de agua Línea de cuenca
Sistema costero de agua de sureste hidrográfica
del Liao Dong
La capital Límite de zona Lago
Cen t r o a dm i ni st r a t i vo Lín e a d e d e m a r c a c i ó n
provincial militar Canal
Frontera Río perenne

Escala: 1:35 millones
Frontera indeterminada Río estacional
19
2nd Define river development tasks
Lishui River
Yuanjiang
River
Zijiang
River
Xiangjiang
Leyenda
River
20
Characteristics of rivers + economic and social needs
Xiangjiang River Basin

v Small river drop and open and flat terrain
on both sides
v The river basin is economically developed,
with an area of 40%, a population of 60%
and a GDP of 75% in Hunan.
v Frequent logistics and large transportation
demand
Shipping + power generation
2021-7-14
Planning characteristics: easy

navigation
v Low dam, small head and small

installed capacity
v Overlapped water levels between
the upstream and downstream
cascades to some extent
22
Characteristics of rivers +
economic and social needs
Shipping +
power
generation
23
Yuanjiang River Basin

v Large flow and drop, and abundant water
resources
v There are many rainstorms and floods in the
basin. The middle and lower reaches are densely
populated, with concentrated cultivated land.
This basin is the main grain producing area in
Hunan, with great flood control pressure.
Power generation + flood control
2021-7-14
Power generation + flood control
25
26
Flood The Three Gorges

control
Irrigation
water supply
Shipping
Tourism
Aquaculture
Ecological
protection
27
2000m~ 1000m
>4000m <500m
(m) línea de nieve
28
Wuhan, 1935
1998
29
Flood The Three Gorges

control
Irrigation
water supply
Shipping
Tourism
Aquaculture
Ecological
protection
30
Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station, the third largest hydropower station built in China, has an installed
capacity of 6.4 GW;
Flood
control
Irrigation
water supply
Shipping
Tourism
Aquaculture
Ecological
protection
31
Irrigation area: 230,000 ha.; population served: 5 million
Flood
control
Irrigation
water supply
Shipping
Tourism
Aquaculture
Ecological
protection
32
Flood Xin'anjiang Hydropower Station - Thousand Islands Lake 1078 islands

control
Irrigation
water supply
Shipping
Tourism
Aquaculture The tourism revenue in 2019 was more than USD 3 billion
Ecological
protection
33
Flood
control
Irrigation
water supply
Shipping
Tourism
Aquaculture
Ecological
protection
34
Flood
control
Irrigation
water supply
Shipping
Tourism
Aquaculture
Ecological
protection
35
3rd Know about river characteristics and key control factors
v Topography and
geomorphology Middle
v Distribution of water Upper reaches and
resources lower
v Important controlling reaches
point for inundation
Significant adverse
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
v
geophysical phenomena
v Natural reserves
v …….
Longitudinal section of 36
v Topography and
geomorphology Middle
v Distribution of water Upper reaches and
resources lower
v Important controlling reaches
v Significant adverse
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
v Environmentally
sensitive objects
v …….
Longitudinal section of 37
v Topography and geomorphology
v Distribution of water resources
v Important controlling point for inundation
v Significant adverse geophysical phenomena
v Environmentally sensitive objects
v …….
38
v Topography and
geomorphology
v Distribution of water
resources
v Important controlling point
for inundation
v Environmentally sensitive
objects
v …….
the HPP
39
v Topography and
geomorphology
v Distribution of water
resources
v Important controlling
(Landslide mass, karst and fault,
etc.)
v Environmentally Landslide mass Karst
sensitive objects
v …….
40
v Topography and geomorphology
v Important controlling point for inundation
v Significant adverse geophysical phenomena
v Environmentally sensitive objects
v …….
41
v Environmentally
sensitive objects
• Scenic spots
• Natural heritage sites
• Reserves of endemic species
• Important cultural heritage
• Important religious facilities,
etc.
• Scenic spots • Bird sanctuaries
…….
• Natural heritage sites • Important cultural heritage

42
4th Search for regulating reservoir
Analyze and study the setting conditions, location and
scale of regulating reservoirs, based on topographic and
geological conditions of rivers, distribution of key control
factors, hydrological characteristics of rivers, utilization
rate of water resources of rivers and power system
demand in power supply areas.
v Improve their own generation benefits (regulate

wet and dry conditions and reduce surplus water)
v Improve the benefits of downstream power
stations
v Give full play to the comprehensive benefits of
flood control, irrigation and water supply
v …….
43
44
Regulating storage is
determined by factors such
as power generation and
comprehensive utilization
requirements, reservoir
inundation, engineering
construction conditions,
cascade connection and
environmental protection.
45
High arch dam of Jinping I Hydropower Station
Dam height 305 m

Total storage 7760,000,000 m3
Regulating storage 4910,000,000 m3
Installed capacity 3600 MW
46
Grande Dixence Dam
Grande Dixence Dam
Dam height 285 m

Total storage 400,000,000 m3
Installed capacity 2,069 MW
It is the highest concrete gravity dam

in the world, with a dam height of 285
m, a crest elevation of 2,365 m, a
concrete volume of 6 million m 3 for
dam body, and a controlled watershed
area of 420 km 2 at the dam site. The
reservoir has a storage of 400 million
m3 and an installed capacity of 2,069
MW. 47
Dam height
The maximum acceptable height shall be 300 m.
The necessity and feasibility of a high dam need to be fully studied and
demonstrated in accordance with specific development requirements and
conditions, especially the topographic and geological conditions of a dam
site.
At present, the maximum acceptable height shall be 300 m under the
condition of an ideal dam site.
48
5th Preliminary dam and plant sites
v The possible dam and plant sites are proposed

in accordance with the preliminary analysis of
regional structural stability and engineering Proposed dam
geological conditions of dam and plant site areas. and plant sites
v The dam and plant sites are proposed by

analyzing the construction conditions of possible
dam and plant sites and comprehensively
considering the factors such as distribution
characteristics of water resources, adaptability
Possible dam
and plant sites
of engineering geological conditions, connection
o f u p s t re a m a n d d o w n s t re a m c a s c a d e s ,
ecological environment and economic and social
sensitive objects.
49
Key considerations
v Topography
v Geology
v Ecological environment
v Social sensitive factor
v Connection of upstream and
downstream cascades
50
Key considerations
v Topography
v Geology
downstream cascades
Dam site: Granite
51
Key considerations
v Topography
v Geology
downstream cascades
the HPP
52
Key considerations
v Topography
v Geology
downstream cascades
53
Key considerations
v Topography
v Geology
downstream cascades
54
6 Draw up development schemes
On the basis of the preliminarily proposed regulation reservoir, dam site and plant site,
different cascade development combination schemes are drawn up in combination with the
distribution characteristics of river hydropower resources, river way characteristics,
topographical and geological conditions, external transportation conditions, regional economic
and social development and comprehensive utilization requirements.
55
56
v Development mode: diversion type HPP, dam-toe type HPP and water retaining type HPP
v Regulation performance: seasonal regulation, annual regulation and runoff type regulation
v Connection: some upstream and downstream cascades are connected with each other, and some are not
57
58
Scheme 1: Six-cascade development
59
Scheme 1: Six-cascade development
Scheme 2: Five-cascade development (combining

Wandabin HPP and SuoLwe HPP into one HPP)
60
Case
Dam site
200MW
Plant site
61
Case
62
Case
Landslide mass
63
Case
64
Case
65
Case
66
Case
67
Case
68
Case
69
Case
v Scheme 1: 200 MW one-cascade development

v Scheme 2: 150 MW+80 MW two-cascade development
70
How to Plan River Hydropower
v 1st Select a river

v 2nd Define river development tasks
v 3rd Know about river characteristics and key control factors
v 4th Search for regulating reservoir
v 5th Preliminary dam and plant sites
v 6thDraw up development schemes
71
7 Hydrology and hydroenergy calculation
v Collect the data of hydrological stations in the basin and calculate the
v Runoff
runoff value of each cascade HPP.
v Flood v Runoff calculation should consist of more than 30 years of measured
v Sediment and interpolated extension series (wet year, normal year and dry year)
v Return water
v Installed capacity
v Energy indicator
72
v Runoff v Analyze the causes of flood in the basin and characteristics of rainstorm
and flood, and calculate the design flood of each cascade HPP.
v Flood
v Sediment
v Return water
v Energy indicator
73
v Runoff
v Flood
v Sediment
v Return water
v Energy indicator
v Analyze the sedimentation conditions of the basin and

sediment transport characteristics of major sedimentation
areas and rivers, and calculate the annual sediment discharge
of each cascade
v Make requests for sediment prevention and sediment
discharging for reservoirs with serious sediment problems.
74
75
v Runoff
1200.00
v Flood
v Sediment 1180.00
v Backwater
1160.00
v Energy indicator 1140.00
深泓高程
天然水位
Main purpose: determine 1120.00
1160m回水
the inundation scope and 1170m回水

1100.00
inundation loss of the

reservoir area to provide 1080.00
design basis for land

1060.00
acquisition and 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00
resettlement compensation. 76
1200.00
v Runoff
v Flood 1180.00
v Sediment
v Backwater 1160.00
1140.00
v Energy indicator 深泓高程
天然水位
1120.00
1160m回水
1170m回水
1100.00
1080.00
1060.00
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00
77
v Runoff
v Flood
v Sediment
v Return water
=9.81*E1*E2*Q*H
= 9.81 * generator efficiency * turbine
efficiency * rated flow * rated head
v Energy indicator
78
Incoming Generation Surplus Reservoir Generation Average Expected
flow flow water flow water level head output output
v Energy indicator calculation Date
m3/S m3/S m3/S m m MW MW
Day 1 1033 1033 0 104 18.39 165.32 270
• Calculation purpose: calculate the output process Day 2 1119 1119 0 104 18.23 177.48 270
Day 3 1117 1117 0 104 18.23 177.11 270
and average annual energy output of the Day 4 1526 1526 0 104 17.65 234.46 270
Day 5 1599 1599 0 104 17.57 244.46 270
hydropower station. Day 6 1757 1757 0 104 17.39 265.8 270
Day 7 1667 1667 0 104 17.49 253.65 270
• Calculation method: representative year method Day 8 1662 1662 0 104 17.5 252.94 270
…
and long series method
* Monthly output process diagram of the HPP
Representative year method: select the design

representative years such as wet, normal and dry
years (such as P=10, 50, 90%) to calculate output
and electric quantity.
Long series method: use long series multi-year
runoff data to calculate output and electric quantity.
79
8 Resettlement and environmental protection
80
8.1 Resettlement
Put forward the main tasks, resettlement scheme and investment of

land acquisition and resettlement for construction, including:
v Inundation scope study: analyze and determine the affected area of reservoir
inundation and the area of land requisition for hydroproject construction.
v Physical indicator investigation: preliminarily estimate the main physical
indicators such as population, houses, cultivated land, forest land, grazing land,
cities, towns and important professional projects within the scope of land
acquisition for construction.
v Resettlement plan: in combination with local resources and community
characteristics, put forward the overall resettlement plan for rural resettlement
and city and town inundation treatment.
v Compensation cost calculation: according to relevant laws and regulations and
the results of physical indicators, roughly calculate the investment in land
acquisition for construction and resettlement.
81
8.1 Resettlement
Main situation of resettlement
v Land
v Land+ in kind
v Currency + shareholder
v Currency + development
resettlement
82
8.1 Resettlement
Main modes of resettlement
v Land
v Land+ in kind
resettlement
83
8.1 Resettlement
v Land
v Land+ in kind
resettlement
Some land will be provided for resettlement, and other

land will be compensated in kind every year. The
compensation period is the same as the operation
period of the HPP.
Compensation standard in kind = annual food output of

inundated land * grain purchase protection price
published by the state in the current year Food output standard is generally converted into rice calculation ≈ 7500kg / hn2
84
8.1 Resettlement
v Land
v Land + grain Part of the compensation fee is taken as the asset to be invested in the hydropower station,
and the relocated residents become shareholders and can share the power generation
benefit after the project is put into operation.
Characteristics:
resettlement
• Being capable of reducing the pressure on construction fund raising of the HPP and
increasing the operation cost of the power station in the later period
• Being capable of making the relocated residents have long-term stable sources of
income
• Being relatively suitable for hydropower stations with relatively few residents
needing to be relocated
85
8.1 Resettlement
Main modes of resettlement v Promote investment, and create jobs in secondary and
tertiary industries
v Land
v Support industry, and develop featured agriculture
v Land+ in kind
v Cash + shareholder
v Currency +
development
resettlement
86
8.2 Environmental protection
v Carry out environmental status investigation and

necessary environmental monitoring
v Identify environmentally sensitive objects and control

factors
v Put forward environmental protection strategies

and measures
87
9 Engineering design
v Hydroproject design
v Hydraulic machinery
v Construction organization
v Investment estimation
construcción de centro
Plano de diseño y
88
9 Engineering design
Sondage
89
10 Selection of cascade development scheme
10.1 Comparison of development schemes
• Analyze and compare the differences of each development scheme in meeting the requirements of comprehensive
utilization.
• Analyze and compare the differences of each development scheme in terms of utilization of hydraulic resources and
energy benefit.
• Analyze and compare the adaptability of each development scheme to topographic and geological conditions.
• Analyze and compare the physical indicators of land acquisition for construction and the difficulty of resettlement
in each development scheme.
• Analyze and compare the nature and degree of environmental impact of each development scheme.
• Analyze and compare the hydroproject layout, engineering technical difficulty, external traffic and construction
conditions of each development scheme.
• Analyze and compare the economic efficiency of each development scheme.
90
10 Selection of cascade development scheme
10.2 Recommendation of development scheme
• Through technical and economic comparison and comprehensive analysis, select the
development scheme with no major ecological environment impact and reservoir
inundation constraint factors, better technical and economic indicators, better
comprehensive benefits and conducive to development and implementation.
91
11 Plan implementation opinions
• Give plan implementation opinions, including

development time sequence, environmental
protection measures, resettlement, external
traffic and power transmission scheme
• Select cascades with good technical and

economic indicators and small implementation
difficulty to be constructed in the early period
92
12 Report preparation
Informe de planificación hidroeléctrica del Río de

Nanlei
Informe de planificación hidroeléctrica del Río

Youshui
ctrica del Río

Informe de planificación hidroelé
Yuanshui
de
ctrica del Río
de planifica ción hidroelé
Informe
Duhe
trica
oeléc
ac ión hidr
lanific i
e de p
OK!
hu
Inform de Qings
el R ío
d
o
tramo de curs
ica del
n hidroeléctr
ificació a
de plan sh
Informe del Río de Jin
o
median
93
94
2021-7-14
New development trend
Te x
t
• 2030 peak carbon dioxide emissions
and 2060 carbon neutrality
In September 2020, President Xi Jinping

pointed out at the general debate of the
75th United Nations General Assembly that
China is striving to peak carbon dioxide
emissions by 2030 and to achieve carbon
neutrality by 2060.
95
Clean energy installed becomes the leading power supply
Total Installed Capacity and Structure Forecast of Power Supply in China from 2020 to 2060 (Unit: one hundred million kW)
2020 2025 2030 2050 2060 40 38
Item
Capa Proport Capa Propor Capaci Proport Capacit Proporti Capaci Proportio 34.5
city ion city tion ty ion y on ty n 35
Wind power 28 12.7% 5.36 18.2% 8 21% 22 29.4% 25 31.2% 30

Solar power
25
generation
25 11.3% 5.59 19% 10.25 27% 34.5 46.1% 38 47.4% 25 22
Hydropower 3.7 16.8% 4.6 15.6% 5.54 14.6% 7.4 9.9% 7.6 9.5% 20
Coal power 10.8 49% 11 37.3% 10.5 27.6% 3 4.0% 0 0 15

10.3
Gas power 0.98 4.5% 1.52 5.2% 1.85 4.9% 3.3 4.4% 3.2 4.0% 10 8
5.4 5.6
Nuclear power 0.5 2.3% 0.72 2.5% 1.08 2.8% 2 2.7% 2.5 3.1% 5 2.8 2.5
Biomass and
0.67 3% 0.65 2.2% 0.82 2.2% 1.7 2.3% 1.8 2.2%
others 0
Hydrogen 2020年 2025年 2030年 2050年 2060年
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1.3% 2 2.5%
combustion unit
风电太阳能
Total 22 29.5 38 75 80
Explosive growth of wind power and

photovoltaic power generation
96
Challenges for large-scale new energy power generation
Wind and solar power generation is random, intermittent and volatile.
• However, renewable energy resources such as wind and solar have the difficulties of
prediction, control and dispatch. Therefore, it has been a global problem for renewable
energy integration into the power grid in large scales.
Typical daily output characteristics of

97
wind and solar power generation
Rapid growth in energy storage
In order to ensure the stable operation of the power grid, more capable peak load regulating power supply is needed
Upper Pumped
reservoir storage
Pressure Power
tunnel grid
Motor-generator
Pump Turbine
Lower reservoir
Underground
Powerhouse
Tailrace tunnel
98
New treads in river hydropower planning
In order to meet the development needs of new power

systems, river hydropower planning will usher in profound
changes
v Development task: gradually transform from

electricity supply to power supply, and from
traditional hydropower development to clean
energy base development
v Development mode：more and more mixed

development
v Installed capacity: decrease of installed capacity

utilization hours and increase of installed capacity
v Operation mode: mainly peak regulation operation
99
Clean energy base construction
100
Development mode
v Development mode: more and more mixed v Construction of pumped storage HPP with
development, and adoption of reversible planned or built reservoir as lower reservoir
units
101
Operation mode
102
Operation mode
103
104
2021-7-14
Preliminary summary: overall requirements for river hydropower planning
vComprehensive
vProspective
vTargeted
vScientific
105
Yuanjiang River
106
Third planning
1950’s
② Dense
① Big flood
population
Characte
ristics
③ A lot of
④ High flood
cultivated land
on both banks
frequency
107
Third planning
Third planning
• 1st： 1950’s
Development tasks:
Flood control + power
generation
• Large inundation loss

• Difficulty in plan
implementation
108
Third planning
Third planning Seasonal

• 2nd：1980’s regulation
Development tasks:
Power generation + flood
control
Multi-year
regulation
109
Third planning
Third planning
Seasonal
• 2nd：1980’s regulation
Development tasks:
Power generation + flood
control
Multi-year
regulation
110
Third planning
Annual Load Curve
Third planning
• 3rd： 2000’s
v China's electricity market

has changed profoundly
v Power grid is in urgent

need of peak regulation
power supply
111
Third planning
Third planning
• 3rd： 2000’s
v China's electricity
market has changed
profoundly
v Power grid is in urgent

need of peak regulation
power supply
112
Third planning
Planned power stations

have been completed
113
New round of planning adjustment studies
In order to meet the development needs of the

new power system, carry out the planning
adjustment studies: including the installed
capacity expansion study, the study on the
construction of pumped storage by using the
built hydropower station as the lower reservoir,
the study on the adjustment of the dispatching
operation mode of the hydropower station, etc
114
4 Conclusion
Energy crisis
Water resources crisis
Food crisis Power generation

Water supply
Irrigation
115
THANKS！
2021-7-14

6-7 - River Hydropower Planning

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6-7 - River Hydropower Planning

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River Hydropower Planning

02 Role and Significance of River Hydropower Planning

03 How to Plan River Hydropower

04 New Trends in River Hydropower Planning

First hydropower station: France: 1878

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Proportion of Hydropower Development in Continents

Installed hydropower capacity in China (2004 - 2020)

Hydraulic Development in Some Countries in the World

800 Thermal power

v 1) Find out the conditions for hydropower development of rivers

v 1) Find out the conditions for hydropower development of rivers

v 2) Coordinate river comprehensive utilization requirements

v 3) Give priority to cascade development schemes

v 4) Recommend recent projects

v Ensure orderly development

v Ensure generation benefits

v Ensure comprehensive benefits

v Ensure reasonable compensation

In general, there are many rivers

Sistema de agua del Río Ertix Cuenca de río interior de

La capital Límite de zona Lago

Frontera Río perenne

Characteristics of rivers + economic and social needs

Xiangjiang River Basin

Planning characteristics: easy

v Low dam, small head and small

Characteristics of rivers + economic and social needs

Yuanjiang River Basin

Power generation + flood control

Characteristics of rivers + economic and social needs

Power generation + flood control

Flood The Three Gorges

Flood The Three Gorges

Flood Xin​'anjiang Hydropower Station - Thousand Islands Lake 1078 islands

v Environmentally sensitive objects

• Natural heritage sites • Important cultural heritage

v Improve their own generation benefits (regulate

Dam height 305 m

Dam height 285 m

It is the highest concrete gravity dam

The maximum acceptable height shall be 300 m.

v The possible dam and plant sites are proposed

v The dam and plant sites are proposed by

Scheme 1: Six-cascade development

Scheme 1: Six-cascade development

Scheme 2: Five-cascade development (combining

v Scheme 1: 200 MW one-cascade development

v 1st Select a river

v Analyze the sedimentation conditions of the basin and

the inundation scope and 1170m回水

inundation loss of the

design basis for land

v Energy indicator 深泓高程

Day 1 1033 1033 0 104 18.39 165.32 270

Representative year method: select the design

Put forward the main tasks, resettlement scheme and investment of

Main situation of resettlement

Main modes of resettlement

Main modes of resettlement

Some land will be provided for resettlement, and other

Compensation standard in kind = annual food output of

Flood Xin'anjiang Hydropower Station - Thousand Islands Lake 1078 islands