La Carlota City College

Graduate School
Educational Management 102
School Legislation Final Exam

Name: IRISH CHRISTIAN G. BABROSA MAED-Educational Management

Directions: Read each questions carefully and provide appropriate and comprehensive
response. (20pts each)

1. Cite at least two legal basis of the Philippine educational system and relate how these
constitutional, administrative and judicial laws are applied in the school system.

 The two legal basis of the Philippine educational system in which these apply in our
educational system until now are the Republic Act No. 6655, known as the “Free
Secondary Education Act of 1988: and the Republic Act No. 10533, known as the
“Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013”. The Republic Act No. 6655, known as the
“Free Secondary Education Act of 1988 still applies in our present educational system
because in this legal basis includes providing free public secondary education to all
qualified citizens. Because of this law, many public secondary schools established in
our country. While the Republic Act No. 10533, known as the “Enhanced Basic
Education Act of 2013” still applies also in our present educational system. It is
because, this legal basis expanded the years of schooling from 10 years to 12 years or
the short term is the K-12 program which makes Philippine education system par
with the international standard of 12-year basic education thereby contributing to a
better educated society capable of pursuing productive employment,
entrepreneurship, or higher education studies.

2. To increase school participation of all school-aged children, it is important to remove any

and all obstacles to the enrolment of learners in public schools which include the
mandatory wearing of school uniform. Taking the role of the school head, discuss the
mitigating strategies that you could employ considering the undeniable importance of
school attire/uniform in maintaining the school safety, togetherness and sense belonging
among learners without violating the DepEd policy.

 School uniform is important to the school’s and students’ safety because it makes
easier to identify who are the persons enter in the school premises and to ensure
that students do not sneak into unauthorized area and to identify who are the
persons enter in the school premises. Wearing of school uniform can be implement in
 school without affecting the economic, cultural, and social status of learners. For
example, if, I am a school head of the school located in far -flung areas and whose
students mostly living in a poverty line, we can implement that they can allow
wearing of white plain t- shirt as long as they wear maroon skirt in girls and blue
pants in the boys. Wearing sandals and slippers are not allowed unless with valid
reason. Also, during Friday, they wear casual or civilian dress. In addition, I will
require students must wear school ID inside school premises all the time.

3. What behaviours of learners can result in disciplinary cases? Enumerate the step-by-step
process and actions to be taken by school in response to these behavioural violations?

 There are many behaviours of learners can result in disciplinary cases. Among of
these are cheating or dishonesty especially during examination, stealing and
assaulting a teacher, or any other school authority or his agents, or other learners.
These cases have the usually step-by-step process and actions to be taken by school
in accordance with the existing policies set by DepEd. First, the School Head shall
issue a Notice in writing to the learner through the Parent/Guardian by personal
service or any other means of service within three (3) working days from date of
incident/report. Second, the Answer in writing of the learner with the assistance of
the parents/guardian must be submitted within three (3) working days from receipt
on Notice. Third, a Notice of Conference with parents/guardian shall be issued
within three (3) working days from receipt of Answer. The conference shall be
before the School Head if it is a first minor offense, otherwise before the Child
Protection Committee. During conference, the parties shall be given a chance to be
heard and the conference must be recorded through a minute of conference duly
signed by all parties and members present. Then, the Decision in writing shall be
issued within 3 working days by the School Head/Administrator. The reprimand shall
be final and executory.

4. School Based Management provides principals, teachers, students, and parents greater
control over the education process by giving them responsibility for decisions about the
budget, personnel, and the curriculum. Discuss briefly the strengths and weaknesses of SBM
implementation.

 School Based Management (SBM) implementation have strengths and weaknesses.

Among of these strengths are: First, it formally recognizes the expertise and
competence of those who work in individual schools to make decisions to improve
learning. Then, it gives teachers, other staff members, and the community increased
 input into decisions. Also, it brings both financial and instructional resources in line
with the instructional goals developed in each school. On the other hand, its
weaknesses are the following: First, unity of decisions should be made by
implementing of SBM. Then, confusion about new roles and responsibilities, and
coordination difficulties especially for school personnel who are newly hired or
newly transferred in the school. Also, gathering and keeping of data for SBM
implementation is more challenging especially in schools which are experienced
incidents like fire and flood which can lead in destruction in school’s properties like
buildings and records.

5. Discuss the importance, the composition and the role of School Governing Council in
Philippine public or private schools.

 School Governing Council can be viewed as a system which operates under the
principle that education is a shared responsibility and accountability among school
community stakeholders. There are much importance of School Governing Council in
in Philippine public or private schools. It provides a forum for parents, students,
teachers, community stakeholders and the school head to work together towards
continuously improving student learning outcome. Also, it provides opportunity and
environment to develop shared responsibility in the children’s learning. Then, it
encourages and facilitates effective community stakeholders’ participation in school
improvement process. The composition of School Governing Council is divided into
two: the external stakeholders and the internal stakeholders. The external
stakeholders include students and their parents, students’ organizations/clubs, and
parents’ association in school. On the other hand, the external stakeholders include
various government and non-gov’t agencies, civic & social organizations, alumni,
retirees, and basic sectors who belong in business, fisher folks, farmers, IPs, Cultural
minorities, and others. The role of School Governing Council determines the general
policies of the school on: Student’s welfare, discipline and wellbeing; Development
and implementation of School Improvement Plan (SIP); Monitoring and evaluation of
the SIP implementation; and reporting progress of SIP implementation to the
Schools Division Superintendent (SDS) and the community.

*THANK YOU MA’AM AND GOD BLESS*