Large 14-Element Yagi for 174–216 MHz TV Band

Dipole for 54–88 MHz
A dipole, intentionally mismatched at resonance, makes a simple broadband receiving antenna for TV channels 2–6.
The graph compares ⅜″ dipoles in free space fed with 75Ω and 300Ω. I optimized the length of each antenna to
maximize worst-case gain from 54 to 88 MHz. The optimal length for 75Ω feed is 87″. For 300Ω it is 110″. Both
curves include ohmic and mismatch losses. The 300Ω curve includes a balun loss of 0.5 dB, the value I measure at 98
MHz for small cylindrical baluns with twin-lead and spade lugs. Worst-case gain of the mismatched dipole is 2.4 dB
greater than that of the conventionally matched antenna.
The following table gives the optimum length for various conductor diameters.
Conductor Diameter Optimum Worst-Case
Length Gain dBd
#18 copper 0.0403″ 97.4″ -3.73
#16 copper 0.0508 97.9 -3.57
#14 copper 0.0641 98.6 -3.42
#12 copper 0.0808 99.4 -3.26
6063-T832 0.375 109.7 -2.14
6063-T832 0.5 113.4 -1.91
6063-T832 0.75 120.0 -1.58
6063-T832 1.0 124.3 -1.38
The free-space gain figures include ohmic, mismatch, and balun losses. Split the dipole at its center and feed with 75Ω
coax through a 75:300Ω balun.
I optimized all designs with the AO 8.50 Antenna Optimizer using 30 segments/halfwave.
Low-VHF TV Dipole
Free Space Symmetric
54 88 MHz
1 6063-T832 wire, inches ; 6063-T832 is an aluminum alloy
a = 54.87098 ; commonly used for antenna elements
1 0 -a 0 0 a 0 .375
1 source
Wire 1, center
Small Yagi for 174–216 MHz

I noticed that the high-VHF TV band was almost exactly twice the frequency of the 88–108 MHz FM broadcast band.
Since the relative bandwidths were nearly equal, I scaled a small FM Yagi to the TV band and then reoptimized it. The
resulting antenna has a 31″ boom, 32½″ longest element, and direct 75Ω feed. Forward gain is 5.3–7.2 dBd and the
worst backlobe is 21–23 dB down across the band. The clean pattern can suppress multipath and co-channel
interference.
I designed the antenna using the AO 9.50 Antenna Optimizer. This image shows the antenna geometry. The red dot is
the feedpoint. The bent driven element improves the pattern at the low end of the band and forward gain everywhere.
Modeling Results
Calculated performance is for 28 analysis segments per halfwave. Forward gain includes mismatch and conductor
losses. F/R is the ratio of forward power to that of the worst backlobe in the rear half-plane.
Channel Frequency Impedance SWR Mismatch Conductor Forward F/R
MHz ohms Loss dB Loss dB Gain dBd dB
7 177 67.9-j3.7 1.12 0.01 0.01 5.34 23.31
8 183 87.4-j3.6 1.17 0.03 0.01 5.35 22.47
9 189 94.4-j6.9 1.28 0.06 0.01 5.51 21.36
10 195 91.5-j7.0 1.24 0.05 0.01 5.87 21.44
11 201 81.6+j0.1 1.09 0.01 0.01 6.39 22.26
12 207 72.1+j16.1 1.25 0.05 0.01 6.85 22.59
13 213 75.9+j26.5 1.42 0.13 0.03 7.14 22.01
Antenna File
174-216 MHz Yagi
174 177 180 186 192 198 204 210 214 216 MHz
5 6063-T832 wires, inches
ang = 16.25619
r = 16.19217
de = 14.82229
d1 = 12.91589
d2 = 12.36376
d3 = 11.0753
dep = 7.896689
d1p = 10.70153
d2p = 17.40806
d3p = 31.29251
1 0 0 0 0 r 0 .375
1 d1p 0 0 d1p d1 0 .375
1 d2p 0 0 d2p d2 0 .375
1 d3p 0 0 d3p d3 0 .375
shift x dep
rotate z -ang
1 0 0 0 0 de 0 .375
1 source
Wire 5, end1
Use ⅜″ aluminum tubing mounted through a nonconducing boom or supported by insulated mounting brackets.
Symbols r, de, d1, d2, and d3 are element half-lengths (center to tip), dep, d1p, d2p, and d3p are element positions
relative to the reflector (center to center), and ang is the driven-element angle. Split the driven element leaving a gap no
larger than ¼″ and angle each half 16¼° so that the tip axis is 3¾″ from the reflector axis. Feed directly with 75Ω coax
and use at least one ferrite core at the feedpoint. Keep the stripped coax leads as short as possible.
Sensitivity Analysis
The following table shows the largest performance degradation over the channel centers in dB when altering a symbol
value by Tol.
Symbol Tol Gain F/R
ang 1.0000 0.03 0.63
r 0.0197 0.01 0.14
de 0.0197 0.01 0.01
d1 0.0197 0.01 0.16
d2 0.0197 0.01 0.12
d3 0.0197 0.01 0.07
dep 0.0394 0.01 0.33
d1p 0.0394 0.02 0.41
d2p 0.0394 0.01 0.26
d3p 0.0394 0.00 0.14
Large Yagi for 174–216 MHz

This Yagi uses parts available at Home Depot. It has 14 elements made of aluminum angle on a ten-foot boom made of
1½″ ABS pipe. The 0.5″ × 0.5″ right-angle element shape is electrically equivalent to a 0.4″ round conductor. I
optimized the design with the AO 9.61 Antenna Optimizer. The red dot marks the 75Ω feedpoint.
Modeling Results
Calculated performance is for 28 analysis segments per halfwave. Forward gain includes mismatch and conductor
losses. F/R is the ratio of forward power to that of the worst backlobe in the rear half-plane.
Frequency Impedance SWR Mismatch Conductor Forward F/R
177 72.9+j2.3 1.04 0.00 0.01 9.12 28.91
183 91.4-j1.0 1.22 0.04 0.01 9.63 25.79
189 95.7-j8.6 1.30 0.08 0.01 10.26 25.02
195 88.5-j4.1 1.19 0.03 0.02 10.92 25.24
201 93.6-j1.7 1.25 0.05 0.02 11.21 25.62
207 72.8+j7.6 1.11 0.01 0.04 10.93 25.10
213 67.1+j16.6 1.29 0.07 0.10 10.75 25.54
Construction
Use four eight-foot lengths of aluminum angle to make the elements. The boom is a ten-foot piece of 1½″ ABS
pipe (1.9″ OD). Use PVC conduit straps to mount the boom to a flat plate attached to the mast. Use the same straps to
mount each element on the boom with the vertical edge to the rear. Attach the element to the strap with two sheet metal
screws and secure the strap to the boom with another. Angle the driven element halves 12° so that the vertical edge of
the element tip is 311⁄16″ from the vertical edge of the reflector. Position the inner ends as close together as possible
and stabilize them using any convenient method. Connect 75Ω coax close to where the horizontal and vertical edges
meet. Keep the stripped coax leads as short as possible. Install at least one ferrite core at the feedpoint. You may need
boom guys to prevent sag. In windy areas use three sets of nonconductive guys arrayed at 120° intervals around the
boom.
Antenna File
14-Element VHF-TV Yagi
174 180 186 192 198 204 210 214 215 216 MHz
ang = 12.13631 ; driven element angle
dep = 6.866247 ; element positions
d1p = 8.814632
d2p = 11.29366
d3p = 15.89009
d4p = 21.83114
d5p = 29.16191
d6p = 37.02126
d7p = 46.46181
d8p = 58.55393
d9p = 69.7012
d10p = 84.74487
d11p = 102.4394
d12p = 119
r = 16.30631 ; element half-lengths
de = 15.19612
d1 = 13.17046
d2 = 13.03342
d3 = 12.85786
d4 = 12.74795
d5 = 12.52534
d6 = 12.0414
d7 = 12.00256
d8 = 11.75232
d9 = 11.58127
d10 = 11.69231
d11 = 11.79454
d12 = 11.18977
1 0 0 0 0 r 0 0.4
rotate end1 z -ang
1 dep 0 0 dep de 0 0.4
rotate end
1 d1p 0 0 d1p d1 0 0.4
1 d2p 0 0 d2p d2 0 0.4
1 d3p 0 0 d3p d3 0 0.4
1 d4p 0 0 d4p d4 0 0.4
1 d5p 0 0 d5p d5 0 0.4
1 d6p 0 0 d6p d6 0 0.4
1 d7p 0 0 d7p d7 0 0.4
1 d8p 0 0 d8p d8 0 0.4
1 d9p 0 0 d9p d9 0 0.4
1 d10p 0 0 d10p d10 0 0.4
1 d11p 0 0 d11p d11 0 0.4
1 d12p 0 0 d12p d12 0 0.4
1 source
Wire 2, end1
The following table shows the largest performance degradation over the channel centers in dB when altering a symbol
value by Tol.
Symbol Tol Gain F/R
ang 1.0000 0.02 0.47
dep 0.0394 0.02 0.32
d1p 0.0394 0.03 0.31
d2p 0.0394 0.02 0.05
d3p 0.0394 0.02 0.03
d4p 0.0394 0.01 0.04
d5p 0.0394 0.01 0.03
d6p 0.0394 0.01 0.02
d7p 0.0394 0.01 0.06
d8p 0.0394 0.00 0.10
d9p 0.0394 0.00 0.13
d10p 0.0394 0.00 0.10
d11p 0.0394 0.00 0.21
d12p 0.0394 0.00 0.23
r 0.0197 0.01 0.13
de 0.0197 0.00 0.02
d1 0.0197 0.01 0.24
d2 0.0197 0.02 0.78
d3 0.0197 0.01 0.73
d4 0.0197 0.02 0.71
d5 0.0197 0.02 0.25
d6 0.0197 0.01 0.03
d7 0.0197 0.01 0.18
d8 0.0197 0.00 0.23
d9 0.0197 0.00 0.14
d10 0.0197 0.01 0.51
d11 0.0197 0.01 0.57
d12 0.0197 0.00 0.24
470–608 MHz Hoverman
The TV channel repack provides an opportunity to improve UHF-TV antenna performance over the newly restricted
bandwidth. I optimized this Hoverman for maximum forward gain over 470–608 MHz without regard for the pattern.
Modeling Results
Calculated performance is for 28 analysis segments per halfwave with the AO 9.67 Antenna Optimizer. Forward gain
includes mismatch and conductor losses. F/R is the ratio of forward power to that of the worst backlobe in the rear half-
plane.
473 256+j165 1.84 0.39 0.01 11.96 14.44
479 286+j143 1.62 0.25 0.01 12.21 16.64
485 299+j118 1.48 0.17 0.01 12.34 17.20
491 299+j99 1.39 0.12 0.01 12.40 15.97
497 295+j90 1.35 0.10 0.01 12.41 14.25
503 292+j88 1.34 0.09 0.01 12.38 12.66
509 291+j90 1.36 0.10 0.01 12.34 11.29
515 294+j94 1.37 0.11 0.01 12.29 10.18
521 301+j98 1.38 0.11 0.01 12.25 9.26
527 312+j101 1.39 0.12 0.01 12.20 8.46
533 325+j101 1.40 0.12 0.01 12.18 7.80
539 340+j97 1.39 0.12 0.01 12.16 7.24
545 356+j87 1.37 0.11 0.01 12.16 6.75
551 369+j71 1.35 0.10 0.01 12.17 6.33
557 378+j49 1.31 0.08 0.01 12.19 5.96
563 380+j23 1.28 0.07 0.01 12.21 5.63
569 372-j4 1.24 0.05 0.01 12.23 5.36
575 353-j29 1.21 0.04 0.01 12.25 5.11
581 327-j47 1.19 0.03 0.01 12.25 4.90
587 296-j55 1.20 0.04 0.01 12.23 4.71
593 264-j54 1.26 0.06 0.01 12.17 4.55
599 234-j44 1.35 0.10 0.01 12.05 4.41
605 208-j28 1.47 0.16 0.01 11.86 4.29
Construction
Use #10 bare copper wire for the zigzag. You can fabricate all of the reflectors from one eight-foot length of aluminum
angle. The 0.5″ × 0.5″ angle is electrically equivalent to a 0.4″ round conductor. Any orientation should work well, but
for best accuracy position the corner closest to the zigzag so that the sides are equidistant from the intended Z
coordinate. Space the corner 313⁄16″ from the zigzag to properly locate the current centerline. Do not support any
conductor at its end where it is susceptible to detuning by a dielectric.
For 300Ω feed, split 300Ω twin-lead and route the leads in a straight line across the 1¾″ feedpoint gap.
For 75Ω feed, a halfwave coaxial balun provides very low loss. This one, constructed for a different antenna, is made
of 93Ω coax. For the repack Hoverman, cluster the three cables in a parallel triangle and solder the shields together.
Solder the feedline center conductor to one balun center conductor using the shortest possible lead (shorter than shown
above). Bend the balun center conductors at a right angle and route them straight across the feedpoint gap. The antenna
model accounts for this feedpoint jumper.
Red is the loss for 75Ω RG-6 (Belden 1530) and blue is for 93Ω RG-62 (Belden 8254). These curves are for a
propagation delay of 0.93 ns, which is about 8½″ of coax. Use the specified velocity factor of your coax to determine
the exact length. Place a ferrite core on the feedline as close as possible to the feedpoint to suppress any residual shield
current.
Antenna File
Repack Hoverman
470 504 539 574 608 MHz
13 copper wires, inches
y0 = .8707846 ; zigzag Y coordinates
y1 = 9.171193
y2 = 3.29843
y3 = 8.049558
y4 = 13.74166
z1 = 8.102206 ; zigzag Z coordinates
z2 = 14.49329
z3 = 19.44896
p = -3.971499 ; reflector spacing from zigzag
r1 = 11.49479 ; inner reflector length
h1 = 8.087689 ; inner reflector height
s1 = 1.829235 ; inner reflector inner tip to center
r2 = 12.25223 ; outer reflector length
h2 = 21.55919 ; outer reflector height
s2 = 2.259527 ; outer reflector inner tip to center
1 0 0 0 0 y0 0 #18 ; feedpoint jumper
1 0 y0 0 0 y1 z1 #10 ; zigzag
1 0 y1 z1 0 y2 z2 #10
1 0 y2 z2 0 y3 z3 #10
1 0 y3 z3 0 y4 z3 #10
1 0 y0 0 0 y1 -z1 #10
1 0 y1 -z1 0 y2 -z2 #10
1 0 y2 -z2 0 y3 -z3 #10
1 0 y3 -z3 0 y4 -z3 #10
shift y s1
1 p 0 h1 p r1 h1 .4 6063-T832 ; reflectors
1 p 0 -h1 p r1 -h1 .4 6063-T832
shift y s2
1 p 0 h2 p r2 h2 .4 6063-T832
1 p 0 -h2 p r2 -h2 .4 6063-T832
1 source
Wire 1, end1
The following table shows the largest performance degradation over the optimization frequencies in dB when altering a
symbol value by Tol.
Symbol Tol Gain F/R
y0 0.0394 0.02 0.01
y1 0.0394 0.03 0.02
y2 0.0394 0.04 0.02
y3 0.0394 0.01 0.01
y4 0.0394 0.04 0.03
z1 0.0394 0.00 0.02
z2 0.0394 0.01 0.01
z3 0.0394 0.02 0.03
p 0.0394 0.02 0.07
r1 0.0394 0.04 0.42
h1 0.0394 0.01 0.03
s1 0.0394 0.01 0.06
r2 0.0394 0.01 0.13
h2 0.0394 0.01 0.08
s2 0.0394 0.00 0.01
Combining Stacked UHF-TV Arrays

You can combine the output of two 75Ω antennas with 75Ω coaxial cables of equal length and a hybrid power splitter.
At 584 MHz I measured negligible differential amplitude and phase error for five splitters from my junk box. I
measured losses in excess of 3 dB of 0.9, 1.0, 1.5, 1.9, and 2.9 dB.
For lower loss, connect the 75Ω cables in parallel with a junction splitter. The resulting 37.5Ω impedance yields SWR
of 2 and mismatch loss of 0.5 dB, which is lower than the loss of a hybrid splitter. To further reduce it, raise the 37.5Ω
to 75Ω with 4⅛″ of 54Ω Belden 8219 RG-58. SWR is 1.16 maximum and excess loss 0.1 dB maximum over 470–608
MHz.
You can combine 300Ω antennas with two 300:75Ω baluns and one of the methods described above. Another method
joins equal lengths of 300Ω line to obtain 150Ω. A 108Ω quarterwave transformer comprised of the center conductors
of side-by-side 4⅛″ lengths of 54Ω Belden 8219 RG-58 matches 150Ω to 75Ω. Connect but float the shields. Place a
ferrite core on the 75Ω feedline as close as possible to the transformer. SWR is 1.16 maximum and excess loss 0.1 dB
maximum over 470–608 MHz. You can dispense with the quarterwave transformer if you're willing to accept 0.5 dB of
mismatch loss from the resulting SWR of 2.
For a 300Ω feedpoint, use 300Ω line from each antenna to 424Ω quarterwave transformers made of #12 wires 5⅜″ long
spaced 1⅜″. Parallel the resulting 600Ω impedances to obtain 300Ω. Do not use ¾-wave transformers. Their bandwidth
is much narrower.
Loss for twin-lead increases substantially when wet. Cover it with sealed PVC tubes to improve wet-weather
performance. Alternatively, you can construct weather-resistant 300Ω line with #12 wires spaced ½″.
Ferrite Cores
A Laird 28A0807-0A2 snap-on, split-ferrite core, stocked by Arrow, Mouser, and Digi-Key, has an impedance of 450Ω
at 200 MHz and 700Ω at 500 MHz. A nonsplit Fair-Rite 2643625202 from Arrow or Mouser (more costly at Digi-Key)
has an impedance of 400Ω at 200 MHz and 460Ω at 500 MHz. Two Fair-Rite cores double the impedance and cost
about the same as one Laird core.
Antennacraft FM6
The Antennacraft FM6 is a six-element log-Yagi array with three driven elements on a 68″ boom. Radio Shack
once sold the antenna as catalog number 15-2163.
I modeled the antenna with the AO 9.67 Antenna Optimizer program. This image shows the antenna geometry.
This shows phasing line and feedpoint detail. The model uses a jumper wire between the feedpoint terminal
bolts. The long leads of the ferrite balun typically used with this antenna add inductance that slightly reduces
SWR in the upper part of the FM band. Blue dots mark analysis segments. The red dot is the feedpoint.
Modeling Results
Calculated performance is for 28 analysis segments per conductor halfwave with additional segments for the
phasing lines. Forward gain includes mismatch and conductor losses. F/R is the ratio of forward power to that
of the worst backlobe in the rear half-plane.
88 237-j100 1.55 0.21 0.03 5.76 14.83
89 258-j80 1.38 0.11 0.03 5.81 17.40
90 278-j76 1.31 0.08 0.03 5.79 19.29
91 293-j82 1.32 0.08 0.02 5.75 20.37
92 303-j96 1.37 0.11 0.02 5.71 20.75
93 305-j115 1.46 0.15 0.02 5.66 20.61
94 301-j136 1.57 0.22 0.02 5.61 20.22
95 288-j157 1.70 0.30 0.02 5.55 19.71
96 269-j175 1.85 0.41 0.02 5.49 19.14
97 244-j188 2.04 0.54 0.02 5.42 18.49
98 218-j195 2.23 0.68 0.02 5.34 17.83
99 192-j195 2.46 0.85 0.02 5.25 17.14
100 167-j189 2.69 1.02 0.02 5.16 16.42
101 146-j179 2.94 1.20 0.02 5.07 15.67
102 128-j167 3.18 1.38 0.02 5.00 14.91
103 114-j151 3.38 1.52 0.02 4.95 14.14
104 104-j134 3.52 1.61 0.02 4.96 13.35
105 98.9-j115 3.53 1.62 0.02 5.05 12.56
106 101-j93 3.30 1.47 0.02 5.29 11.72
107 112-j69 2.83 1.13 0.03 5.70 10.96
108 147-j45 2.09 0.58 0.03 6.28 10.21
Antenna File
Antennacraft FM6
Free Space
98 MHz
r = 1.875 / 2 ; rivet half-spacing
yo = r * (1 - 3.375 / 6.1875) ; y at outer phasing-line bends
yi = r * (1 - 3.875 / 6.1875) ; y at inner bends
x1 = -17.75 + 3.375 ; x at first phasing-line bend, rear line
x2 = -17.75 + 3.875 ; x at second bend
x3 = -5.375 - 3.875 ; x at third bend
x4 = -5.375 - 3.375 ; x at fourth bend
x5 = -5.375 + 3.375 ; x at first phasing-line bend, forward line
x6 = -5.375 + 3.875 ; x at second bend
x7 = 7 - 3.875 ; x at third bend
x8 = 7 - 3.375 ; x at fourth bend
s1 = .375 / 2 ; rear phasing-line crossover half-spacing
s2 = .5625 / 2 ; front phasing-line crossover half-spacing
t = -.75 ; terminals
1 -33.75 -33 0 -33.75 -2 0 0.375
1 -33.75 -2 0 -33.75 2 0 1.28
1 -33.75 2 0 -33.75 33 0 0.375
1 -17.75 -29.25 0 -17.75 -r 0 0.375
1 -17.75 r 0 -17.75 29.25 0 0.375
1 -5.375 -28.125 0 -5.375 -r 0 0.375
1 -5.375 r 0 -5.375 28.125 0 0.375
1 7 -21.6875 0 7 -r 0 0.375
1 7 -r 0 7 -r t 0.125 zinc
1 7 -r t 7 r t #16 copper
1 7 r 0 7 r t 0.125 zinc
1 7 r 0 7 21.6875 0 0.375
1 10.25 -25 0 10.25 -2 0 0.375
1 10.25 -2 0 10.25 2 0 1.28
1 10.25 2 0 10.25 25 0 0.375
1 33.75 -25 0 33.75 -2 0 0.375
1 33.75 -2 0 33.75 2 0 1.28
1 33.75 2 0 33.75 25 0 0.375
4 -17.75 r 0 x1 yo 0 .11
1 x1 yo 0 x2 yi -s1 .11
10 x2 yi -s1 x3 -yi -s1 .11
1 x3 -yi -s1 x4 -yo 0 .11
4 x4 -yo 0 -5.375 -r 0 .11
4 -17.75 -r 0 x1 -yo 0 .11
1 x1 -yo 0 x2 -yi s1 .11
10 x2 -yi s1 x3 yi s1 .11
1 x3 yi s1 x4 yo 0 .11
4 x4 yo 0 -5.375 r 0 .11
4 -5.375 r 0 x5 yo 0 .11
1 x5 yo 0 x6 yi s2 .11
8 x6 yi s2 x7 -yi s2 .11
1 x7 -yi s2 x8 -yo 0 .11
4 x8 -yo 0 7 -r 0 .11
4 -5.375 -r 0 x5 -yo 0 .11
1 x5 -yo 0 x6 -yi -s2 .11
8 x6 -yi -s2 x7 yi -s2 .11
1 x7 yi -s2 x8 yo 0 .11
4 x8 yo 0 7 r 0 .11
1 source
Wire 10, center
I used YO 8.00 to model the 4" x 1.625" x 0.5" x 0.05" parasitic-element

mounting brackets as U-channels. This yielded the 1.28" diameter of the 4"
center sections that represent the brackets.
Improving Performance
The directive pattern is sensitive to element angle. Make sure the element mounts are securely locked and the
tubing is perpendicular to the boom.
The gain figures do not include balun loss. Subtract 0.85 dB to account for the loss of a Radio Shack 15-1140
or 15-1230, ferrite baluns with long leads often used with the FM6. Replace either with a halfwave coaxial
balun or L-network balun to reduce the loss to < 0.2 dB across the band.
Shunting the feedpoint with a 810 nH inductance reduces mismatch loss. A suitable inductor is six turns of
#14 bare copper wire with an inside diameter of 1″, outside length of 1¾″, and 1″ leads. The coil does not affect
the pattern. You can neglect it if somewhat lower gain is acceptable. See the curves below.
To greatly improve the pattern, alter the elements to obtain these lengths from boom center to element tip:
Reflector 343⁄16″
Driven Element #1 279⁄16″
Director #1 25″
Director #2 221⁄4″
Check the length of each element on both sides of the boom. Three elements must be modified: the reflector
must be lengthened, and driven element #1 and director #2 must be shortened. It's easy to shorten elements
with a tube cutter or hacksaw. It's more trouble to lengthen the reflector, but doing so greatly improves the
pattern at the low end of the band. Rob Keeney suggests using the tips cut from the director. If you force them
over the reflector tips, the seam will expand. Secure and weatherproof with heat-shrink tubing.
Dave Latchum in Sanford, Florida, first cut and filed the flat part of a reflector tip to enable a good fit.
Then he forced a director tip over it.
Finally, Dave added two layers of heat-shrink tubing. To minimize dielectric loss and detuning, use only
enough to secure and weatherproof the joint. The high electric field at element tips may make them sensitive
to dielectrics.
Carl Van Camp used a shorter, single layer of heat-shrink.

This shows how Dave mounted an earlier version of the coil with seven turns about ½″ below the boom.
Carl's earlier seven-turn coil. Calculated inductance includes the lead length.
Gallery
Rob Keeney modified this FM6 in Summerville, South Carolina.
Carl Van Camp uses this modified FM6 in Chicago, Illinois.
Steve Capowski modified this FM6 in Wappingers Falls, New York. Steve flattened the cut element ends with
welding pliers.
February 4, 2021 88–108 MHz
Antennacraft FM10
The Antennacraft FM10 is a log-Yagi array with ten elements on a 117″ boom. Three of the elements are driven.
This shows segmentation detail for the phasing lines and feedpoint. I added a wire across the feedpoint
terminals and placed a source at its center. Blue dots mark analysis segments. The red dot is the feedpoint.
Joe Roberts used this FM10 in the late 1970s at Wilbraham, Massachusetts.
Modeling Results
88 188-j80 1.77 0.35 0.03 6.80 16.24
89 210-j60 1.53 0.20 0.03 7.00 20.30
90 230-j48 1.38 0.11 0.02 7.12 23.05
91 251-j43 1.27 0.06 0.02 7.21 23.89
92 271-j44 1.20 0.04 0.02 7.31 24.16
93 290-j52 1.20 0.04 0.02 7.38 24.37
94 308-j69 1.26 0.06 0.02 7.45 24.64
95 322-j95 1.37 0.11 0.02 7.50 24.06
96 324-j130 1.52 0.19 0.02 7.53 22.14
97 312-j168 1.72 0.32 0.02 7.53 20.60
98 284-j200 1.96 0.48 0.02 7.49 19.34
99 245-j219 2.25 0.69 0.02 7.41 18.26
100 205-j223 2.56 0.93 0.02 7.31 17.32
101 169-j215 2.90 1.18 0.02 7.20 16.43
102 142-j200 3.21 1.40 0.02 7.11 15.74
103 123-j181 3.45 1.57 0.02 7.05 15.17
104 111-j162 3.57 1.65 0.03 7.07 14.74
105 107-j144 3.52 1.62 0.03 7.20 14.49
106 111-j131 3.28 1.45 0.03 7.45 14.50
107 121-j128 2.99 1.24 0.03 7.72 14.80
108 129-j144 2.96 1.22 0.03 7.79 15.54
Antenna File
Antennacraft FM10
Free Space
98.000 MHz
de1 = 14.625 ; driven element locations
de2 = 27
de3 = 39.375
d = .11 ; phasing-line diameter
r = 3 / 2 ; half of rivet spacing (insulated elements)
h = 12.375 / 2 ; half of DE spacing
y1 = r * (1 - 3.375 / h) ; y at first phasing-line bend
y2 = r * (1 - 3.875 / h) ; y at second bend
y3 = -y2 ; y at third bend
y4 = -y1 ; y at fourth bend
x1 = de1 + 3.375 ; x at first phasing-line bend, rear line
x2 = de1 + 3.875 ; x at second bend
x3 = de2 - 3.875 ; x at third bend
x4 = de2 - 3.375 ; x at fourth bend
x5 = de2 + 3.375 ; x at first phasing-line bend, forward line
s = .5 / 2 ; half of phasing-line crossover spacing
b = .75 ; feedpoint bolt length
1 0.0000 -32.8750 0.0000 0.0000 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 0.0000 -2.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 0.0000 2.0000 0.0000 0.0000 32.8750 0.0000 0.3750
1 14.6250 -29.5000 0.0000 14.6250 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 14.6250 r 0.0000 14.6250 29.5000 0.0000 0.3750
1 27.0000 -28.2500 0.0000 27.0000 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 27.0000 r 0.0000 27.0000 28.2500 0.0000 0.3750
1 39.3750 -21.8750 0.0000 39.3750 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 39.3750 r 0.0000 39.3750 21.8750 0.0000 0.3750
1 43.1250 -25.0000 -1.9375 43.1250 -2.0000 -1.9375 0.3750

1 43.1250 -2.0000 -1.9375 43.1250 2.0000 -1.9375 1.28
1 43.1250 2.0000 -1.9375 43.1250 25.0000 -1.9375 0.3750
1 53.7500 -24.0000 0.0000 53.7500 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 53.7500 -2.0000 0.0000 53.7500 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 53.7500 2.0000 0.0000 53.7500 24.0000 0.0000 0.3750
1 65.2500 -24.0000 0.0000 65.2500 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 65.2500 -2.0000 0.0000 65.2500 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 65.2500 2.0000 0.0000 65.2500 24.0000 0.0000 0.3750
1 83.7500 -24.0000 0.0000 83.7500 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750
1 83.7500 -2.0000 0.0000 83.7500 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 83.7500 2.0000 0.0000 83.7500 24.0000 0.0000 0.3750
1 100.3750 -24.0000 0.0000 100.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 100.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 100.3750 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 100.3750 2.0000 0.0000 100.3750 24.0000 0.0000 0.3750
1 117.3750 -24.0000 0.0000 117.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 117.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 117.3750 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 117.3750 2.0000 0.0000 117.3750 24.0000 0.0000 0.3750
4 de1 r 0 x1 y1 0 d
1 x1 y1 0 x2 y2 -s d
10 x2 y2 -s x3 y3 -s d
1 x3 y3 -s x4 y4 0 d
4 x4 y4 0 de2 -r 0 d
4 de1 -r 0 x1 -y1 0 d
1 x1 -y1 0 x2 -y2 s d
10 x2 -y2 s x3 -y3 s d
1 x3 -y3 s x4 -y4 0 d
4 x4 -y4 0 de2 r 0 d
4 de2 r 0 x5 y1 0 d
1 x5 y1 0 x6 y2 s d
8 x6 y2 s x7 y3 s d
1 x7 y3 s x8 y4 0 d
4 x8 y4 0 de3 -r 0 d
4 de2 -r 0 x5 -y1 0 d
1 x5 -y1 0 x6 -y2 -s d
8 x6 -y2 -s x7 -y3 -s d
1 x7 -y3 -s x8 -y4 0 d
4 x8 -y4 0 de3 r 0 d
1 de3 -r 0 de3 -r -b .125 zinc

1 de3 -r -b de3 r -b #16 copper
1 de3 r 0 de3 r -b .125 zinc
1 source
Wire 49, center
I modeled the 4" x 1.625" x 0.5" x 0.05" bracket as a U channel with YO 8.00 to get
the 1.28" equivalent diameter of the inner taper section for the parasitic
elements.
June 15, 2018 88–108 MHz
Antennacraft FM13
The Antennacraft FM13 is a log-Yagi array with 13 elements on a 137″ boom. Five of the elements are driven.
A review is here.
This shows segmentation detail for the phasing lines and feedpoint. I jumpered a wire across the feedpoint
terminals and placed a source at its center. Blue dots mark analysis segments. The red dot is the feedpoint.
Modeling Results
88 273+j13 1.11 0.01 0.06 8.24 20.06
89 253+j4 1.19 0.03 0.06 8.38 19.81
90 246-j5 1.22 0.04 0.06 8.50 19.70
91 240-j21 1.27 0.06 0.05 8.59 19.96
92 224-j34 1.38 0.11 0.05 8.63 20.65
93 204-j36 1.51 0.18 0.05 8.62 21.75
94 188-j28 1.61 0.25 0.04 8.61 23.22
95 183-j12 1.65 0.27 0.04 8.63 24.66
96 189+j5 1.59 0.23 0.04 8.70 25.50
97 209+j17 1.44 0.15 0.04 8.83 26.29
98 242+j15 1.25 0.05 0.03 8.97 24.70
99 279-j15 1.09 0.01 0.03 9.06 22.53
100 291-j76 1.30 0.07 0.03 9.05 20.43
101 256-j138 1.68 0.29 0.03 8.88 18.50
102 194-j160 2.17 0.64 0.03 8.56 16.96
103 143-j148 2.71 1.04 0.03 8.16 15.68
104 111-j122 3.22 1.41 0.03 7.77 14.63
105 93.6-j92.0 3.54 1.63 0.03 7.49 13.82
106 89.1-j61.7 3.52 1.62 0.03 7.42 13.25
107 98.3-j31.7 3.09 1.31 0.03 7.62 12.94
108 130-j6 2.31 0.74 0.03 8.08 12.93
Antenna File
Antennacraft FM13
Free Space
98.000 MHz
de1 = 15.75 ; driven element locations
de2 = 25.75
de3 = 35.75
de4 = 45.75
de5 = 55.75
d = .11 ; phasing-line diameter
r = 3 / 2 ; half of rivet spacing (insulated elements)
h = 10 / 2 ; half of DE spacing
y1 = r * (1 - 2.375 / h) ; y at first phasing-line bend
y2 = r * (1 - 2.875 / h) ; y at second bend
y3 = -y2 ; y at third bend
y4 = -y1 ; y at fourth bend
x1 = de1 + 2.375 ; x at first phasing-line bend, rear line
x5 = de2 + 2.375 ; x at first phasing-line bend, second line
x9 = de3 + 2.375 ; x at first phasing-line bend, third line
x13 = de4 + 2.375 ; x at first phasing-line bend, forward line
s = .375 / 2 ; half of phasing-line crossover spacing
b = .75 ; feedpoint bolt length
1 0.0000 -34.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 0.0000 -2.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 0.0000 2.0000 0.0000 0.0000 34.0000 0.0000 0.3750
1 15.7500 -30.3750 0.0000 15.7500 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 15.7500 r 0.0000 15.7500 30.3750 0.0000 0.3750
1 25.7500 -28.5000 0.0000 25.7500 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 25.7500 r 0.0000 25.7500 28.5000 0.0000 0.3750
1 35.7500 -26.4375 0.0000 35.7500 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 35.7500 r 0.0000 35.7500 26.4375 0.0000 0.3750
1 45.7500 -25.4375 0.0000 45.7500 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 45.7500 r 0.0000 45.7500 25.4375 0.0000 0.3750
1 55.7500 -21.8750 0.0000 55.7500 -r 0.0000 0.3750
1 55.7500 r 0.0000 55.7500 21.8750 0.0000 0.3750
1 63.7500 -24.0625 0.0000 63.7500 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 63.7500 -2.0000 0.0000 63.7500 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 63.7500 2.0000 0.0000 63.7500 24.0625 0.0000 0.3750
1 77.3750 -24.0625 0.0000 77.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 77.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 77.3750 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 77.3750 2.0000 0.0000 77.3750 24.0625 0.0000 0.3750
1 89.3750 -24.0625 0.0000 89.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 89.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 89.3750 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 89.3750 2.0000 0.0000 89.3750 24.0625 0.0000 0.3750
1 101.3750 -24.0625 0.0000 101.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 101.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 101.3750 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 101.3750 2.0000 0.0000 101.3750 24.0625 0.0000 0.3750
1 113.3750 -24.0625 0.0000 113.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 113.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 113.3750 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 113.3750 2.0000 0.0000 113.3750 24.0625 0.0000 0.3750
1 125.3750 -24.0625 0.0000 125.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 125.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 125.3750 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 125.3750 2.0000 0.0000 125.3750 24.0625 0.0000 0.3750
1 137.3750 -24.0625 0.0000 137.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 137.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 137.3750 2.0000 0.0000 1.28
1 137.3750 2.0000 0.0000 137.3750 24.0625 0.0000 0.3750
4 de1 r 0 x1 y1 0 d
1 x1 y1 0 x2 y2 -s d
10 x2 y2 -s x3 y3 -s d
1 x3 y3 -s x4 y4 0 d
4 x4 y4 0 de2 -r 0 d
4 de1 -r 0 x1 -y1 0 d
1 x1 -y1 0 x2 -y2 s d
10 x2 -y2 s x3 -y3 s d
1 x3 -y3 s x4 -y4 0 d
4 x4 -y4 0 de2 r 0 d
4 de2 r 0 x5 y1 0 d
1 x5 y1 0 x6 y2 -s d
10 x6 y2 -s x7 y3 -s d
1 x7 y3 -s x8 y4 0 d
4 x8 y4 0 de3 -r 0 d
4 de2 -r 0 x5 -y1 0 d
1 x5 -y1 0 x6 -y2 s d
10 x6 -y2 s x7 -y3 s d
1 x7 -y3 s x8 -y4 0 d
4 x8 -y4 0 de3 r 0 d
4 de3 r 0 x9 y1 0 d
1 x9 y1 0 x10 y2 -s d
10 x10 y2 -s x11 y3 -s d
1 x11 y3 -s x12 y4 0 d
4 x12 y4 0 de4 -r 0 d
4 de3 -r 0 x9 -y1 0 d
1 x9 -y1 0 x10 -y2 s d
10 x10 -y2 s x11 -y3 s d
1 x11 -y3 s x12 -y4 0 d
4 x12 -y4 0 de4 r 0 d
4 de4 r 0 x13 y1 0 d
1 x13 y1 0 x14 y2 -s d
10 x14 y2 -s x15 y3 -s d
1 x15 y3 -s x16 y4 0 d
4 x16 y4 0 de5 -r 0 d
4 de4 -r 0 x13 -y1 0 d
1 x13 -y1 0 x14 -y2 s d
10 x14 -y2 s x15 -y3 s d
1 x15 -y3 s x16 -y4 0 d
4 x16 -y4 0 de5 r 0 d
1 de5 -r 0 de5 -r -b .125 zinc

1 de5 -r -b de5 r -b #16 copper
1 de5 r 0 de5 r -b .125 zinc
1 source
Wire 76, center
Bracket 4" x 1.625" x 0.5" x 0.05" modeled as a U channel with YO 8.00 to get
the 1.28" equivalent diameter of the inner taper section for the parasitic
elements.
June 15, 2018 88–108 MHz
Finco FM-4
The Finco FM-4 is dual-drive Yagi with six elements on a 92″ boom. It was once manufactured by the Finney
Company. The design dates from the early 1960s. Model FM-4G added gold-colored “corrodizing.”
The shorting straps on the driven elements broadband the response.
This image shows the segmentation of the driven elements and phasing line. Blue dots mark analysis segments.
The red dot is the feedpoint.
I found this FM-4 at a garage sale in the early 1970s. I still use it today. An instruction sheet is here.
Modeling Results
Calculated performance is for 28 analysis segments per conductor halfwave. Forward gain includes mismatch
and conductor losses. F/R is the ratio of forward power to that of the worst backlobe in the rear half-plane.
88 220+j77 1.54 0.20 0.01 6.26 16.57
89 222+j90 1.58 0.22 0.01 6.22 17.69
90 226+j94 1.58 0.23 0.01 6.22 18.56
91 227+j94 1.57 0.22 0.01 6.25 19.31
92 227+j90 1.56 0.21 0.01 6.30 20.09
93 223+j84 1.55 0.21 0.01 6.37 20.56
94 217+j78 1.56 0.21 0.01 6.45 20.86
95 207+j71 1.59 0.23 0.01 6.52 21.13
96 194+j68 1.68 0.29 0.01 6.58 21.34
97 181+j67 1.78 0.36 0.01 6.62 21.61
98 165+j65 1.94 0.47 0.01 6.64 21.98
99 153+j70 2.10 0.59 0.02 6.64 22.18
100 143+j77 2.28 0.72 0.02 6.64 22.39
101 134+j86 2.46 0.85 0.02 6.63 22.59
102 129+j96 2.61 0.96 0.02 6.64 22.52
103 127+j106 2.71 1.04 0.02 6.68 20.82
104 129+j116 2.74 1.06 0.02 6.76 19.44
105 136+j122 2.65 0.99 0.02 6.92 18.32
106 150+j123 2.42 0.82 0.03 7.13 17.56
107 164+j110 2.16 0.63 0.03 7.33 16.97
108 168+j77 1.95 0.48 0.04 7.41 16.61
Antenna File
Finco FM-4
Free Space
98 MHz
rp = 0
de1p = 20.5
de2p = 37.5
d1p = 49.5
d2p = 70.5
d3p = 91.5
r = 34
de1 = 30
de2 = 23
d1 = 25.5
d2 = 25.5
d3 = 23.5
de1s = 10
de2s = 12
d = .375 ; Tubing diameter
eqd = 1.35 ; Equivalent diameter of 0.5" sheath at bracket
b = 2.3125 ; Bracket half-length
w = .11 ; Phasing line diameter
x1 = 31.5
xm = 33.5
x2 = 35.5
f = 25 ; Another boom hole at 28.25
1 rp -r 0 rp -b 0 d ; Reflector
1 rp -b 0 rp b 0 eqd
1 rp b 0 rp r 0 d
1 de1p -de1 -2 de1p -de1s -2 .375 ; Driven element 1

1 de1p -de1s -2 de1p -1 -2 .375
1 de1p 1 -2 de1p de1s -2 .375
1 de1p de1s -2 de1p de1 -2 .375
1 de1p -de1 0 de1p -de1s 0 .375
1 de1p -de1s 0 de1p -b 0 .375
1 de1p -b 0 de1p b 0 eqd
1 de1p b 0 de1p de1s 0 .375
1 de1p de1s 0 de1p de1 0 .375
1 de1p -de1 -2 de1p -de1 0 .375
1 de1p de1 -2 de1p de1 0 .375
1 de1p -de1s -2 de1p -de1s 0 .375
1 de1p de1s -2 de1p de1s 0 .375
1 de2p -de2 -2 de2p -de2s -2 .375 ; Driven element 2

1 de2p -de2s -2 de2p -1 -2 .375
1 de2p 1 -2 de2p de2s -2 .375
1 de2p de2s -2 de2p de2 -2 .375
1 de2p -de2 0 de2p -de2s 0 .375
1 de2p -de2s 0 de2p -b 0 .375
1 de2p -b 0 de2p b 0 eqd
1 de2p b 0 de2p de2s 0 .375
1 de2p de2s 0 de2p de2 0 .375
1 de2p -de2 -2 de2p -de2 0 .375
1 de2p de2 -2 de2p de2 0 .375
1 de2p -de2s -2 de2p -de2s 0 .375
1 de2p de2s -2 de2p de2s 0 .375
1 d1p -d1 0 d1p -b 0 d ; Directors

1 d1p -b 0 d1p b 0 eqd
1 d1p b 0 d1p d1 0 d
1 d2p -d2 0 d2p -b 0 d
1 d2p b 0 d2p d2 0 d
1 d3p -d3 0 d3p -b 0 d
1 d3p b 0 d3p d3 0 d
1 de1p -1 -2 f -1 -2 w ; Phasing line

1 f -1 -2 x1 -1 -2 w
1 x1 -1 -2 xm 0 -1.125 w
1 xm 0 -1.125 x2 1 -2 w
1 x2 1 -2 de2p 1 -2 w
1 de1p 1 -2 f 1 -2 w
1 f 1 -2 x1 1 -2 w
1 x1 1 -2 xm 0 -2.875 w
1 xm 0 -2.875 x2 -1 -2 w
1 x2 -1 -2 de2p -1 -2 w
1 f 1 -2 f -1 -2 w
1 source
Wire 49, center
This models the Finco FM-4 receiving antenna for the FM broadcast band. The
elements use a 0.5"-diameter reinforcing sheath that I included in the mounting
bracket model. It extends about 1.5" past the bracket, which I ignored.
The FM-4 has two possible mounting holes in the boom for the feed bracket.
I developed this model to determine where to place the bracket on a used
FM-4 that lacked assembly instructions.
June 15, 2018 88–108 MHz
InnovAntennas FMDX-9
The InnovAntennas FMDX-9 uses one reflector, seven driven elements, and one director on a 4.1 m (161″)
boom.
I modeled the antenna with the AO 9.61 Antenna Optimizer program. This image shows the antenna geometry
and segmentation detail. Blue dots mark segment boundaries. The red dot is the 75Ω feedpoint. Green dots
mark loads for parasitic element mount capacitance.
The lower phasing line extends to support the insulated parasitic elements. I did not model the support truss,
which connects to the lower phasing line and is electrically active, as is the mast.
Modeling Results
Click pattern to denormalize
Calculated performance is for 28 analysis segments per element halfwave, phasing line segment length equal
to the line spacing, and parasitic element mount capacitance of 10 pF. Forward gain includes mismatch and
conductor losses. F/R is the ratio of forward power to that of the worst backlobe in the rear half-plane.
88 62.3-j2.6 1.21 0.04 0.02 7.35 20.25
89 62.3-j4.0 1.21 0.04 0.02 7.46 22.97
90 61.7-j5.3 1.23 0.05 0.02 7.54 25.26
91 60.9-j7.2 1.26 0.06 0.02 7.60 26.53
92 59.0-j9.9 1.33 0.09 0.02 7.60 25.32
93 53.3-j14.0 1.50 0.18 0.03 7.38 20.52
94 35.8-j10.6 2.15 0.62 0.04 5.55 12.34
95 40.6+j18.2 1.99 0.51 0.04 5.44 11.59
96 59.6+j16.1 1.39 0.12 0.02 7.29 17.15
97 64.9+j10.1 1.23 0.05 0.02 7.63 19.23
98 66.7+j5.8 1.15 0.02 0.02 7.74 20.10
99 67.5+j2.8 1.12 0.01 0.02 7.75 20.20
100 68.8+j0.7 1.09 0.01 0.02 7.69 19.49
101 72.8-j1.5 1.04 0.00 0.02 7.51 17.22
102 78.5-j23.2 1.36 0.10 0.04 7.00 11.20
103 49.0-j18.4 1.68 0.29 0.03 7.71 14.57
104 49.7-j10.4 1.56 0.21 0.02 7.75 19.02
105 49.7-j9.7 1.55 0.21 0.02 7.59 20.89
106 45.4-j11.9 1.72 0.31 0.02 7.17 19.21
107 29.8-j6.8 2.54 0.91 0.04 4.76 11.00
108 34.2+j19.7 2.38 0.79 0.04 4.55 10.46
This image shows the antenna current distribution for constant source voltage. Note the unequal current in
adjacent phasing line conductors and in dipole halves, and the nonzero current in the phasing line extensions.
Mount Capacitance
The reflector and director mount to the lower phasing line extension with plastic bushings. These curves show
the effect of mount capacitance over four orders of magnitude.
Antenna File
InnovAntennas FMDX-9
Free Space
98 MHz
33 6063-T832 wires, meters
x1 = 0 ; element positions
x2 = .8
x3 = 1.3665
x4 = 1.8875
x5 = 2.367
x6 = 2.808
x7 = 3.2135
x8 = 3.587
x9 = 4.1
y1 = .78 ; element half-lengths
y2 = .833
y3 = .765
y4 = .703
y5 = .646
y6 = .593
y7 = .56
y8 = .48
y9 = .51
d = .5" ; element diameter
p = 1.56" ; 1.56" round wires spaced 1.02559" yield same line Z
s = 1.02559" ; in AO as 3/4" square wires with surfaces 7 mm apart
n2 = (x3 - x2) / s ; # segments for phasing lines
n3 = (x4 - x3) / s
n4 = (x5 - x4) / s
n5 = (x6 - x5) / s
n6 = (x7 - x6) / s
n7 = (x8 - x7) / s
1 x1 -y1 0 x1 0 0 d ; elements
1 x1 0 0 x1 y1 0 d
1 x2 -y2 0 x2 0 0 d
1 x2 0 s x2 y2 s d
1 x3 -y3 s x3 0 s d
1 x3 0 0 x3 y3 0 d
1 x4 -y4 0 x4 0 0 d
1 x4 0 s x4 y4 s d
1 x5 -y5 s x5 0 s d
1 x5 0 0 x5 y5 0 d
1 x6 -y6 0 x6 0 0 d
1 x6 0 s x6 y6 s d
1 x7 -y7 s x7 0 s d
1 x7 0 0 x7 y7 0 d
1 x8 -y8 0 x8 0 0 d
1 x8 0 s x8 y8 s d
1 x9 -y9 0 x9 0 0 d
1 x9 0 0 x9 y9 0 d
1 x1 0 0 x2 0 0 p ; lower phasing line

n2 x2 0 0 x3 0 0 p
n3 x3 0 0 x4 0 0 p
n4 x4 0 0 x5 0 0 p
n5 x5 0 0 x6 0 0 p
n6 x6 0 0 x7 0 0 p
n7 x7 0 0 x8 0 0 p
1 x8 0 0 x9 0 0 p
n2 x2 0 s x3 0 s p ; upper phasing line

n3 x3 0 s x4 0 s p
n4 x4 0 s x5 0 s p
n5 x5 0 s x6 0 s p
n6 x6 0 s x7 0 s p
n7 x7 0 s x8 0 s p
1 x8 0 0 x8 0 s #18 ; feedpoint jumper
1 source
Wire 33, center
2 loads
Wire 19, end1 10 pF ; capacitance between lower
Wire 26, end2 10 pF ; phasing line and parasitics
November 17, 2017 88–108 MHz
Small Five-Element Yagi

This small Yagi has 5.2–7.2 dBd forward gain with all backlobes more than 20 dB down across the FM
broadcast band. The antenna has five elements on a 64″ boom. It is 4″ shorter than an Antennacraft FM6. I
also optimized a European version with metric dimensions for 87.5–108 MHz. It is 27.5 cm shorter than a
Triax FM 5.
I designed the antenna using the AO 9.00 Antenna Optimizer. This image shows the antenna geometry. The
red dot is the 75Ω feedpoint. The bent driven element greatly improves the pattern. Results below are for the
U.S version.
Modeling Results
88 57.4-j23.1 1.55 0.21 0.02 5.21 20.18
89 68.4-j19.8 1.34 0.09 0.01 5.26 21.91
90 77.3-j17.8 1.27 0.06 0.01 5.25 22.20
91 84.1-j17.3 1.28 0.07 0.01 5.23 22.15
92 89.1-j17.3 1.31 0.08 0.01 5.22 21.77
93 92.7-j17.4 1.34 0.09 0.01 5.24 21.41
94 94.9-j17.3 1.37 0.10 0.01 5.29 21.09
95 96.0-j17.1 1.37 0.11 0.01 5.36 20.46
96 95.9-j16.5 1.37 0.11 0.01 5.47 20.20
97 95.1-j15.2 1.35 0.10 0.01 5.60 20.11
98 93.2-j13.8 1.31 0.08 0.01 5.76 20.23
99 90.4-j11.7 1.26 0.06 0.01 5.93 20.45
100 86.7-j8.7 1.20 0.04 0.01 6.13 20.77
101 82.3-j4.8 1.12 0.01 0.01 6.34 20.86
102 77.8+j0.5 1.04 0.00 0.01 6.55 20.94
103 73.6+j7.2 1.10 0.01 0.02 6.74 20.98
104 70.3+j15.5 1.25 0.05 0.02 6.90 21.00
105 69.2+j24.3 1.41 0.13 0.02 7.01 21.01
106 71.1+j31.6 1.54 0.20 0.03 7.10 21.06
107 77.1+j31.5 1.51 0.18 0.04 7.20 20.59
108 70.7+j11.9 1.19 0.03 0.06 7.26 20.52
Antenna Comparison
The Antennacraft FM6 requires a 75:300Ω balun with long leads and a typical loss of 0.85 dB. The small Yagi
has a 75Ω feedpoint and uses a current balun. The modified FM6 has one longer and two shorter elements,
shunt feedpoint inductor, and halfwave coaxial balun. The Triax FM 5 is a five-element European Yagi with a
halfwave PCB balun (0.1 dB assumed loss). The 2-meter Yagi is described here.
Ground Effects
I optimized the design in free space. These curves show how ground proximity affects the pattern.
E-Plane Stacking
The Yagi is small enough to make stacking practical in many situations. Stacking two horizontal antennas side
by side with the booms 90″ apart keeps the first sidelobes 20 dB down at 98 MHz. It yields the following
results in free space. Subtract 0.3 dB from the gain figures in this section and the next to account for the loss
of a ferrite power combiner. (Both sections use an older antenna design that differs little from the current
design.)
88.000 MHz: Impedance 58.2-j19.2 Ω
SWR 1.47
Mismatch Loss 0.16 dB
Conductor Loss 0.01 dB
Forward Gain 7.79 dBd +2.55 dB
F/R 18.39 dB -1.96 dB

SWR 1.29
F/R 23.30 dB +2.15 dB

SWR 1.21
F/R 21.04 dB +0.70 dB
103.000 MHz: Impedance 76.6+j21.3 Ω

SWR 1.32
F/R 22.37 dB +1.81 dB
108.000 MHz: Impedance 66.7+j16.0 Ω

SWR 1.29
F/R 21.44 dB +1.09 dB
H-Plane Stacking
Stacking horizontal Yagis in the vertical plane doesn't work well unless the antennas are high and well
separated. Elevation patterns for the two antennas differ, and at low heights the fields tend not to combine
coherently. For example, with one Yagi at 30 feet and the other 116″ below, the spacing that maximizes
stacking gain in free space at 3.1 dB, gain at 1° elevation over the upper antenna alone is only 1.6 dB. For the
same spacing, gain increases to 2.1 dB with the upper antenna at 40 feet, and to 2.3 dB at 50 feet. Closer
spacing improves the gain, but the azimuth pattern then degrades due to increased mutual coupling, as shown
above.
Adverse mutual coupling similarly compromises vertically polarized small Yagis stacked horizontally,
seriously degrading the backlobe suppression.
Home Depot Version

Instead of ⅜″ tubing, you can use 6063-T5 aluminum angle from Home Depot. The 0.5″ × 0.5″ right-angle
shape is electrically equivalent to a 0.4″ round conductor. Use 1½″ ABS pipe (1.9″ OD) for the boom. Mount
the elements with the vertical face to the rear using PVC conduit straps. Attach each parasitic element to the
strap with two sheet metal screws. Drill a hole in the strap and secure it to the boom with another screw. Use
two straps to hold a flat nonconductive plate and attach the driven element halves with sheet metal screws. I
reoptimized the design so that the shortest two directors can be cut from one 96″ length of aluminum angle.
The antenna requires four lengths total.
Antenna Files
Small Yagi
88 90 92 94 96 99 102 105 107 108 MHz
de = 29.5168
d1 = 26.17286
d2 = 25.25078
d3 = 23.04833
rp = 0 ; element positions
dep = 17.95156
d1p = 23.16246
d2p = 36.11559
d3p = 63.69878
1 rp 0 0 rp r 0 .375
rotate end1 z -ang
1 dep 0 0 dep de 0 .375
rotate end
1 d1p 0 0 d1p d1 0 .375
1 d2p 0 0 d2p d2 0 .375
1 d3p 0 0 d3p d3 0 .375
1 source
Wire 2, end1
Small Yagi - Home Depot Version

88 90 92 94 96 99 102 105 107 108 MHz
5 6063-T832 wires, inches ; actually 6063-T5
de = 29.67043
d1 = 26.11403
d2 = 25.14271
d3 = 48 - d2 ; d3 = 22.85729
dep = 18.30026
d1p = 23.71732
d2p = 37.29313
d3p = 65.11169
1 rp 0 0 rp r 0 .4
rotate end1 z -ang
1 dep 0 0 dep de 0 .4
rotate end
1 d1p 0 0 d1p d1 0 .4
1 d2p 0 0 d2p d2 0 .4
1 d3p 0 0 d3p d3 0 .4
1 source
Wire 2, end1
Small Yagi - European Version

87.5 90 92 94 96 99 102 105 107 108 MHz
5 6063-T832 wires, mm
de = 752.8616
d1 = 665.5374
d2 = 641.4514
d3 = 582.9676
dep = 448.32
d1p = 578.4351
d2p = 897.7509
d3p = 1597.723
1 rp 0 0 rp r 0 10
rotate end1 z -ang
1 dep 0 0 dep de 0 10
rotate end
1 d1p 0 0 d1p d1 0 10
1 d2p 0 0 d2p d2 0 10
1 d3p 0 0 d3p d3 0 10
1 source
Wire 2, end1
Use ⅜″ (Home Depot: ½″ × ½″ L, Europe: 10 mm) elements mounted through a nonconductive boom or
supported by insulated mounting brackets. Split the driven element leaving a gap no greater than ¼″ (Europe:
6 mm) and angle each half so that the tip axis is 711⁄16″ (Europe: 189 mm) from the reflector axis. Use 75Ω coax
with a current balun at the feedpoint. Keep the stripped coax leads as short as possible.
The following table shows the largest performance degradation over 88, 93, 98, 103, and 108 MHz in dB for
the U.S. version when altering a symbol value by Tol.
Symbol Tol Gain F/R
ang 1.0000 0.02 0.70
r 0.0197 0.01 0.32
de 0.0197 0.01 0.00
d1 0.0197 0.02 0.05
d2 0.0197 0.01 0.17
d3 0.0197 0.01 0.03
rp 0.0394 0.00 0.04
dep 0.0394 0.01 0.06
d1p 0.0394 0.01 0.05
d2p 0.0394 0.00 0.06
d3p 0.0394 0.00 0.01
Gallery
Paul Logan in Lisnaskea, Fermanagh, Ireland, uses this commercial version of the antenna once manufactured
by VHF Teknik AB in Trelleborg, Sweden. It uses a ferrite choke balun.
Sven Jacobson installed a vertically polarized Yagi in Ljunghusen, Sweden.
Sven says this horizontal antenna receives stations 250–300 km away in northern Germany almost like locals.
Ivan Dias Jr. built this antenna in Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. The feedpoint box contains a coiled-coax balun.
George Martins, PU7MAN, used a PVC boom for this antenna in Iguatu, Ceara, Brazil.
Cedric Lamouche, F4EGZ, installed this antenna 7 m up a tapered fiberglass mast in Domerat, France. He
used a coiled-coax balun.
Hans-Peter Dohmen, DL9EBA, uses a hinged mount, rope, and 4.8 m nonconductive mast to receive any
polarization with this portable setup in Duisburg-Rheinhausen, Germany.
Petr Vozár erected this vertically polarized Yagi near Javornik, Czech Republic.
Roland Nogell uses this antenna at his summer house near Lysekil, Sweden.
Jeff Mein, KP3FT, used aluminum angle elements to build this antenna in South New Berlin, New York.
Mark van Wijk, PA5MW, erected this antenna at his holiday address near Sareiser Joch, Liechtenstein.
Mike Fallon mounted a vertically polarized Yagi on the boom of his Körner 19.3 in Saltdean, East Sussex,
England.
David Bunyan used clip-on ferrite chokes for this Yagi in Sittingbourne, Kent, England. Plastic end caps
dielectrically load the elements and should not be used.
Roland Nogell reports that the main beam narrowed greatly when he added a second Yagi.
Glenn Davis erected this stack in Hutto, Texas.
Konrad Kosmatka built this stack in Plock, Poland. The crossboom and guy are nonconductive. It rotates here.
September 21, 2020 88–108 MHz
Home Depot Yagi

After Antennacraft, Channel Master, Finco, and Winegard stopped selling outdoor directional FM antennas, I
decided to design an antenna anyone could build from parts available locally. This Yagi uses items from Home
Depot. It has two reflectors, a loop-coupled driven element, and seven directors, all made of ½″ copper pipe,
on a 122″ boom made of 1½″ ABS pipe. The red dot marks the 75Ω feedpoint. I optimized the design with the
AO 9.67 Antenna Optimizer.
The loop couples to the first director in a way that greatly improves the pattern. It yields higher forward gain
than a horizontal folded dipole and does not require a 75:300Ω balun. It does need a series capacitor at the
feedpoint. This is the only part not available at Home Depot.
Modeling Results
88 76.7+j8.8 1.13 0.02 0.01 7.27 30.48
89 73.3-j2.7 1.04 0.00 0.01 7.36 31.13
90 67.6-j6.6 1.15 0.02 0.01 7.44 31.24
91 63.3-j6.0 1.21 0.04 0.01 7.54 31.36
92 60.9-j3.2 1.24 0.05 0.01 7.67 31.50
93 60.6+j0.6 1.24 0.05 0.01 7.81 30.68
94 62.3+j4.8 1.22 0.04 0.01 7.96 30.31
95 65.4+j8.5 1.20 0.04 0.01 8.12 30.38
96 69.9+j11.0 1.18 0.03 0.01 8.28 30.74
97 75.7+j12.1 1.17 0.03 0.01 8.44 31.17
98 81.9+j11.0 1.18 0.03 0.01 8.60 31.09
99 87.3+j7.6 1.20 0.03 0.01 8.75 30.80
100 90.8+j2.5 1.21 0.04 0.01 8.89 30.60
101 92.6-j3.1 1.24 0.05 0.01 9.01 30.63
102 93.9-j8.6 1.28 0.07 0.01 9.09 30.91
103 94.2-j14.4 1.33 0.09 0.02 9.14 30.88
104 92.5-j22.1 1.40 0.12 0.02 9.12 30.01
105 85.8-j31.1 1.50 0.18 0.02 9.00 30.58
106 72.4-j32.6 1.55 0.21 0.03 8.82 31.09
107 64.5-j18.9 1.36 0.10 0.03 8.65 30.42
108 93.1+j8.5 1.27 0.06 0.05 8.27 30.13
Construction
Use five ten-foot lengths of ½″ Type M (0.028″ wall) or Type L (0.04″ wall) copper pipe (0.625″ OD) to make
the elements. The boom is a ten-foot length of 1½″ ABS pipe (1.9″ OD). Use short lengths of ABS pipe and
an ABS Tee to support the reflectors. Make the loop from soldered copper pipe scraps. Measure loop
dimensions to the pipe centerline. The loop must be in the antenna plane in front of the driven element.
Connect the 75Ω coax shield to one side of the feedpoint gap. Connect the center conductor through an 11 pF
capacitor to the other side. Alternatively, use 22 pF in series with each coax lead. Keep the gap and all leads as
short as possible. Waterproof the connections. Use a current balun at the feedpoint.
Use two PVC conduit straps to mount the boom to a flat plate attached to the mast. (You may find five-packs
of conduit clamps in the store bin instead of straps. Either should work fine.) Mount the elements above the
boom with the straps. Attach the element with two sheet metal screws. Consider using Loctite on the screw
threads since the copper is thin. Drill a hole in each strap and secure it to the boom with another screw.
You may need boom guys to prevent sag. Wire is fine for up-guys. In windy areas add a nonconductive
horizontal crossboom to the mast to support two sets of nonconductive guys arrayed 120° from the up-guys.
Consider reinforcing the longer elements. A centered 24″ dowel will effectively shorten an element 12″ on each
side. Due to the limited strength of thin copper, this antenna may not be suitable for locations with high wind,
especially where thick ice may form.
Instead of copper pipe, you can use 6063-T5 aluminum angle. Elements made of this material may be stronger
than those made of copper pipe. The 0.5″ × 0.5″ right-angle shape is electrically equivalent to a 0.4″ round
conductor. After reoptimizing the design for these elements, performance is similar to that of the copper
design but with slightly lower forward gain. Use the same boom and conduit straps. For accurate conductor
spacing, mount all elements with the angle oriented the same way. Use one 10 pF or two 20 pF capacitors.
A driven element with lower performance but easier to make is a dipole bent at the center with each half angled
5° to the rear. Mount the halves on a small nonconducting plate attached to the boom with two conduit straps.
Attach 75Ω coax with a current balun.
Performance Comparison
Antenna Files
Home Depot Yagi - Copper Elements
88 90 92.5 95 98 103 104 106 107 108 MHz
h = 13.0202 ; reflector height
dep = 11.12226
d1p = 17.6764
d2p = 27.19028
d3p = 44.07455
d4p = 56.26309
d5p = 74.78796
d6p = 94.68615
d7p = 122
de = 30.46988
d1 = 25.96496
d2 = 25.42948
d3 = 24.35504
d4 = 24.17117
d5 = 24.47396
d6 = 23.91122
d7 = 21.95754
w = 2.996561 ; loop half-width
s = 4.517059 ; loop side
p = dep + s
1 rp -r h rp r h 0.625
1 rp -r -h rp r -h 0.625
1 dep w 0 dep de 0 0.625
1 dep -w 0 dep -de 0 0.625
6 dep -w 0 dep w 0 0.625
6 p -w 0 p w 0 0.625
4 p w 0 dep w 0 0.625
4 p -w 0 dep -w 0 0.625
1 d1p -d1 0 d1p d1 0 0.625
1 d2p -d2 0 d2p d2 0 0.625
1 d3p -d3 0 d3p d3 0 0.625
1 d4p -d4 0 d4p d4 0 0.625
1 d5p -d5 0 d5p d5 0 0.625
1 d6p -d6 0 d6p d6 0 0.625
1 d7p -d7 0 d7p d7 0 0.625
1 source
Wire 6, center
1 load
c = 11.01768 ; series feedpoint capacitor
Wire 6, center c pF
Home Depot Yagi - Aluminum Angle Elements
88 90 92.5 95 98 103 104 106 107 108 MHz
15 6063-T832 wires, inches ; actually 6063-T5
dep = 11.24254
d1p = 17.69555
d2p = 24.74784
d3p = 40.55624
d4p = 53.81902
d5p = 72.65115
d6p = 93.68079
d7p = 122
de = 31.05756
d1 = 26.43113
d2 = 25.88266
d3 = 24.86955
d4 = 24.57975
d5 = 24.84453
d6 = 24.34787
d7 = 22.13162
w = 2.984501 ; loop half-width
s = 4.410533 ; loop side
p = dep + s
1 rp -r h rp r h 0.4
1 rp -r -h rp r -h 0.4
1 dep w 0 dep de 0 0.4
1 dep -w 0 dep -de 0 0.4
6 dep -w 0 dep w 0 0.4
6 p -w 0 p w 0 0.4
4 p w 0 dep w 0 0.4
4 p -w 0 dep -w 0 0.4
1 d1p -d1 0 d1p d1 0 0.4
1 d2p -d2 0 d2p d2 0 0.4
1 d3p -d3 0 d3p d3 0 0.4
1 d4p -d4 0 d4p d4 0 0.4
1 d5p -d5 0 d5p d5 0 0.4
1 d6p -d6 0 d6p d6 0 0.4
1 d7p -d7 0 d7p d7 0 0.4
1 source
Wire 6, center
1 load
Wire 6, center c pF
Home Depot Yagi - Bent DE

88 90 92.5 95 98 103 104 106 107 108 MHz
ang = 4.961757
dep = 15.36444
d1p = 19.30658
d2p = 26.15257
d3p = 38.5457
d4p = 52.17861
d5p = 69.66715
d6p = 91.52292
d7p = 122
de = 30.82022
d1 = 26.40891
d2 = 25.719
d3 = 24.83018
d4 = 24.60069
d5 = 24.26679
d6 = 23.89873
d7 = 21.65854
1 rp -r h rp r h 0.625
1 rp -r -h rp r -h 0.625
rotate end1 z -ang
1 dep 0 0 dep de 0 0.625
rotate end1 z ang
1 dep 0 0 dep -de 0 0.625
rotate end
1 d1p -d1 0 d1p d1 0 0.625
1 d2p -d2 0 d2p d2 0 0.625
1 d3p -d3 0 d3p d3 0 0.625
1 d4p -d4 0 d4p d4 0 0.625
1 d5p -d5 0 d5p d5 0 0.625
1 d6p -d6 0 d6p d6 0 0.625
1 d7p -d7 0 d7p d7 0 0.625
1 source
Wire 3, end1
The following table shows the largest performance degradation over the antenna file frequencies in dB for the
copper loop design when altering a symbol value by Tol.
Symbol Tol Gain F/R
h 0.0394 0.00 0.12
rp 0.0394 0.00 0.11
dep 0.0394 0.01 0.16
d1p 0.0394 0.02 0.12
d2p 0.0394 0.01 0.05
d3p 0.0394 0.00 0.10
d4p 0.0394 0.00 0.14
d5p 0.0394 0.00 0.10
d6p 0.0394 0.00 0.08
d7p 0.0394 0.00 0.09
r 0.0197 0.00 0.28
de 0.0197 0.00 0.06
d1 0.0197 0.02 0.07
d2 0.0197 0.04 0.31
d3 0.0197 0.01 0.24
d4 0.0197 0.02 0.16
d5 0.0197 0.02 0.39
d6 0.0197 0.02 0.42
d7 0.0197 0.01 0.24
w 0.0197 0.01 0.00
s 0.0394 0.02 0.07
c 1.1018 0.23 0.00
September 14, 2019 88–108 MHz
Metric Yagis
These five Yagis with booms two to six meters long use metric dimensions. Each design maximizes forward
gain while keeping all backlobes at least 30 dB down over 87.5–108 MHz. The Yagis use a driven element loop
that couples to the first director in a way that greatly improves the pattern. I optimized all designs with the AO
9.65 Antenna Optimizer.
Two-Meter Yagi
This antenna has eight elements on a two-meter boom. The red dot is the 75Ω feedpoint, which has a small
series capacitor.
Modeling Results
87.5 67.3+j6.6 1.15 0.02 0.02 5.83 30.01
88 69.7+j3.0 1.09 0.01 0.02 5.85 33.02
89 71.6-j2.3 1.06 0.00 0.02 5.89 31.98
90 71.8-j4.7 1.08 0.01 0.02 5.93 30.98
91 72.1-j5.3 1.09 0.01 0.02 5.99 30.30
92 73.0-j4.6 1.07 0.00 0.02 6.06 30.01
93 74.4-j3.9 1.05 0.00 0.02 6.14 29.94
94 76.7-j3.2 1.05 0.00 0.02 6.24 30.08
95 79.4-j3.2 1.07 0.01 0.02 6.33 30.37
96 82.3-j4.0 1.11 0.01 0.02 6.43 30.33
97 85.1-j6.0 1.16 0.02 0.02 6.53 30.22
98 87.3-j9.1 1.21 0.04 0.02 6.63 30.14
99 88.4-j13.3 1.26 0.06 0.02 6.73 30.04
100 88.1-j18.6 1.32 0.08 0.02 6.83 30.01
101 85.6-j24.4 1.39 0.12 0.02 6.92 30.04
102 80.0-j30.0 1.48 0.16 0.02 6.99 30.06
103 72.0-j33.8 1.58 0.23 0.03 7.04 30.24
104 62.1-j34.6 1.71 0.31 0.03 7.05 30.73
105 52.1-j30.8 1.83 0.39 0.04 7.03 30.52
106 45.4-j22.1 1.86 0.41 0.05 7.02 30.01
107 49.0-j9.2 1.57 0.22 0.07 7.13 30.00
108 95.8-j30.7 1.54 0.20 0.14 6.80 30.00
Antenna File
Two-Meter Yagi
87.5 90 92 95 98 100 102 104 105 106 107 108 MHz
h = .33148386 ; reflector height
dep = .32403963
d1p = .5089447
d2p = .6648566
d3p = 1.0631633
d4p = 1.3091594
d5p = 2
r = .8995709 ; element half-lengths
de = .7865902
d1 = .6754952
d2 = .66206912
d3 = .6179316
d4 = .59579233
d5 = .5510639
w = .062135155 ; loop half-width
s = .14489323 ; loop side
p = dep + s
1 rp -r h rp r h .01
1 rp -r -h rp r -h .01
1 dep w 0 dep de 0 .01
1 dep -w 0 dep -de 0 .01
6 dep -w 0 dep w 0 .01
6 p -w 0 p w 0 .01
7 p w 0 dep w 0 .01
7 p -w 0 dep -w 0 .01
1 d1p -d1 0 d1p d1 0 .01
1 d2p -d2 0 d2p d2 0 .01
1 d3p -d3 0 d3p d3 0 .01
1 d4p -d4 0 d4p d4 0 .01
1 d5p -d5 0 d5p d5 0 .01
1 source
Wire 6, center
1 load
Wire 6, center c pF
The following table shows the largest performance degradation over 87.5, 93, 98, 103, and 108 MHz in dB
when altering a symbol value by Tol.
Symbol Tol Gain F/R
h 0.0010 0.00 0.13
rp 0.0010 0.00 0.10
dep 0.0010 0.02 0.20
d1p 0.0010 0.05 0.17
d2p 0.0010 0.03 0.14
d3p 0.0010 0.00 0.13
d4p 0.0010 0.00 0.08
d5p 0.0010 0.00 0.07
r 0.0005 0.00 0.26
de 0.0005 0.00 0.07
d1 0.0005 0.05 0.66
d2 0.0005 0.15 1.10
d3 0.0005 0.01 0.28
d4 0.0005 0.00 0.21
d5 0.0005 0.00 0.12
w 0.0005 0.01 0.00
s 0.0010 0.01 0.11
c 0.8859 0.31 0.00
Three-Meter Yagi
This antenna has ten elements on a three-meter boom.
Modeling Results
87.5 71.9+j5.8 1.12 0.01 0.02 7.08 30.00
88 75.4+j2.1 1.03 0.00 0.02 7.12 30.33
89 78.3-j4.5 1.08 0.01 0.02 7.19 30.89
90 77.5-j8.2 1.12 0.01 0.02 7.27 31.29
91 75.6-j9.0 1.13 0.02 0.02 7.37 31.70
92 74.0-j7.4 1.11 0.01 0.02 7.48 31.30
93 73.2-j4.2 1.06 0.00 0.02 7.61 30.65
94 73.6-j0.0 1.02 0.00 0.02 7.74 30.21
95 75.7+j4.2 1.06 0.00 0.02 7.87 30.00
96 79.2+j8.2 1.13 0.02 0.02 7.99 30.03
97 84.2+j11.1 1.20 0.04 0.02 8.12 30.34
98 90.1+j12.2 1.27 0.06 0.02 8.24 30.74
99 96.0+j10.2 1.32 0.08 0.02 8.36 31.47
100 100+j6 1.35 0.10 0.02 8.49 32.15
101 101-j0 1.35 0.10 0.02 8.62 31.51
102 98.4-j5.4 1.32 0.08 0.03 8.74 30.75
103 94.6-j7.1 1.28 0.07 0.03 8.84 30.19
104 92.3-j6.2 1.25 0.05 0.03 8.89 30.00
105 93.8-j7.5 1.27 0.06 0.04 8.85 30.00
106 92.8-j15.9 1.33 0.09 0.05 8.69 30.15
107 79.3-j18.0 1.27 0.06 0.06 8.42 30.48
108 77.2+j7.7 1.11 0.01 0.09 7.98 30.00
Antenna File
Three-Meter Yagi
87.5 90 92 95 97 102 104 105 106 107 108 MHz
h = .5936546 ; outer reflector height
dep = .43079176
d1p = .64241151
d2p = .923438
d3p = 1.3318776
d4p = 1.670833
d5p = 2.2196736
d6p = 3
ro = .9211657 ; outer reflector half-length
ri = .92941854 ; inner reflector half-length
de = .7777548 ; driven element half-length
d1 = .6591962 ; director half-lengths
d2 = .6485328
d3 = .631916
d4 = .62899653
d5 = .6248731
d6 = .56236
s = .17045478 ; loop side
p = dep + s
1 rp -ro h rp ro h .01
1 rp -ri 0 rp ri 0 .01
1 rp -ro -h rp ro -h .01
1 dep -w 0 dep -de 0 .01
6 dep -w 0 dep w 0 .01
6 p -w 0 p w 0 .01
7 p w 0 dep w 0 .01
7 p -w 0 dep -w 0 .01
1 d1p -d1 0 d1p d1 0 .01
1 d2p -d2 0 d2p d2 0 .01
1 d3p -d3 0 d3p d3 0 .01
1 d4p -d4 0 d4p d4 0 .01
1 d5p -d5 0 d5p d5 0 .01
1 d6p -d6 0 d6p d6 0 .01
1 source
Wire 7, center
1 load
Wire 7, center c pF
Symbol Tol Gain F/R
h 0.0010 0.00 0.05
rp 0.0010 0.00 0.03
dep 0.0010 0.01 0.17
d1p 0.0010 0.01 0.23
d2p 0.0010 0.00 0.21
d3p 0.0010 0.00 0.23
d4p 0.0010 0.00 0.21
d5p 0.0010 0.00 0.23
d6p 0.0010 0.00 0.06
ro 0.0005 0.00 0.10
ri 0.0005 0.00 0.06
de 0.0005 0.00 0.06
d1 0.0005 0.01 0.04
d2 0.0005 0.03 0.38
d3 0.0005 0.01 0.45
d4 0.0005 0.02 0.48
d5 0.0005 0.01 0.16
d6 0.0005 0.00 0.04
w 0.0005 0.01 0.00
s 0.0010 0.01 0.09
c 0.7647 0.16 0.00
Four-Meter Yagi
This antenna has 12 elements on a four-meter boom.
Modeling Results
87.5 66.1+j2.0 1.14 0.02 0.02 7.73 30.01
88 67.8-j1.0 1.11 0.01 0.02 7.78 32.40
89 68.4-j5.0 1.12 0.01 0.02 7.88 31.46
90 67.3-j6.4 1.15 0.02 0.02 7.99 30.72
91 66.1-j5.5 1.16 0.02 0.02 8.11 30.24
92 65.4-j3.3 1.16 0.02 0.02 8.25 30.04
93 65.3-j0.1 1.15 0.02 0.02 8.40 30.05
94 66.1+j3.4 1.14 0.02 0.02 8.56 30.16
95 67.9+j6.8 1.15 0.02 0.02 8.72 30.44
96 70.5+j10.1 1.16 0.02 0.02 8.89 30.01
97 74.0+j12.6 1.18 0.03 0.02 9.06 29.85
98 78.3+j13.9 1.20 0.04 0.02 9.22 30.01
99 83.1+j13.3 1.22 0.04 0.02 9.39 30.79
100 86.8+j9.9 1.21 0.04 0.02 9.54 31.76
101 88.4+j3.5 1.19 0.03 0.03 9.68 31.66
102 84.7-j2.8 1.14 0.02 0.03 9.80 31.31
103 76.6-j5.3 1.08 0.01 0.03 9.86 30.87
104 69.0-j2.5 1.10 0.01 0.04 9.84 30.56
105 65.8+j4.1 1.15 0.02 0.05 9.71 30.14
106 69.3+j8.5 1.15 0.02 0.06 9.45 30.01
107 72.1+j7.4 1.11 0.01 0.07 9.01 30.04
108 85.2+j15.8 1.27 0.06 0.11 8.37 30.00
Antenna File
Four-Meter Yagi
87.5 90 92 96 98 102 104 105 106 107.3 108 MHz
dep = .42542764
d1p = .6497597
d2p = .92435173
d3p = 1.3558378
d4p = 1.6891916
d5p = 2.210484
d6p = 2.7830176
d7p = 3.297144
d8p = 4
d2 = .65120224
d3 = .6303252
d4 = .6268042
d5 = .633065
d6 = .6152197
d7 = .5906129
d8 = .5427582
s = .18430494 ; loop side
p = dep + s
1 rp -ri 0 rp ri 0 .01
1 dep -w 0 dep -de 0 .01
6 dep -w 0 dep w 0 .01
6 p -w 0 p w 0 .01
7 p w 0 dep w 0 .01
7 p -w 0 dep -w 0 .01
1 d1p -d1 0 d1p d1 0 .01
1 d2p -d2 0 d2p d2 0 .01
1 d3p -d3 0 d3p d3 0 .01
1 d4p -d4 0 d4p d4 0 .01
1 d5p -d5 0 d5p d5 0 .01
1 d6p -d6 0 d6p d6 0 .01
1 d7p -d7 0 d7p d7 0 .01
1 d8p -d8 0 d8p d8 0 .01
1 source
Wire 7, center
1 load
Wire 7, center c pF
Symbol Tol Gain F/R
h 0.0010 0.00 0.06
rp 0.0010 0.00 0.05
dep 0.0010 0.01 0.08
d1p 0.0010 0.01 0.16
d2p 0.0010 0.00 0.13
d3p 0.0010 0.01 0.07
d4p 0.0010 0.00 0.05
d5p 0.0010 0.01 0.11
d6p 0.0010 0.00 0.10
d7p 0.0010 0.00 0.05
d8p 0.0010 0.00 0.02
ro 0.0005 0.00 0.04
ri 0.0005 0.00 0.16
de 0.0005 0.00 0.03
d1 0.0005 0.02 0.07
d2 0.0005 0.02 0.53
d3 0.0005 0.01 0.16
d4 0.0005 0.02 0.15
d5 0.0005 0.04 0.27
d6 0.0005 0.00 0.13
d7 0.0005 0.00 0.13
d8 0.0005 0.00 0.08
w 0.0005 0.01 0.00
s 0.0010 0.01 0.05
c 0.7875 0.16 0.00
Five-Meter Yagi
This antenna has 15 elements on a five-meter boom.
Modeling Results
87.5 77.7+j7.9 1.11 0.01 0.02 8.61 30.01
88 81.2+j3.9 1.10 0.01 0.02 8.68 30.22
89 83.9-j3.2 1.13 0.02 0.02 8.82 30.60
90 82.8-j7.4 1.15 0.02 0.02 8.96 30.98
91 80.8-j8.4 1.14 0.02 0.02 9.12 31.46
92 79.2-j7.1 1.11 0.01 0.02 9.29 30.82
93 79.0-j4.3 1.08 0.01 0.02 9.47 30.33
94 79.8-j1.4 1.07 0.00 0.02 9.64 30.11
95 82.1+j1.2 1.10 0.01 0.02 9.82 30.00
96 85.4+j2.6 1.14 0.02 0.02 9.98 30.10
97 88.8+j2.3 1.19 0.03 0.02 10.14 30.36
98 91.4+j0.3 1.22 0.04 0.02 10.29 30.89
99 92.5-j3.1 1.24 0.05 0.02 10.43 31.39
100 91.6-j6.8 1.24 0.05 0.03 10.55 31.92
101 89.1-j10.8 1.24 0.05 0.03 10.64 30.70
102 84.2-j13.8 1.23 0.05 0.03 10.67 30.00
103 76.3-j15.3 1.22 0.04 0.04 10.63 30.11
104 67.5-j12.2 1.22 0.04 0.04 10.50 30.35
105 62.7-j4.2 1.21 0.04 0.05 10.27 30.10
106 66.5+j3.3 1.14 0.02 0.07 9.95 30.11
107 74.2-j0.1 1.01 0.00 0.09 9.59 30.15
108 92.0-j5.4 1.24 0.05 0.13 9.31 30.00
Antenna File
Five-Meter Yagi
87.5 90 92 95 98 100 101 102 104 105 106 107.3 108 MHz
dep = .49362727
d1p = .7323495
d2p = .9825406
d3p = 1.3258083
d4p = 1.5986318
d5p = 1.88034
d6p = 2.3715476
d7p = 2.901946
d8p = 3.339485
d9p = 3.8708207
d10p = 4.292037
d11p = 5
d2 = .6560028
d3 = .6412648
d4 = .6248576
d5 = .625728
d6 = .6240153
d7 = .59576843
d8 = .6129011
d9 = .6009722
d10 = .60116664
d11 = .5691937
s = .17888163 ; loop side
p = dep + s
1 rp -ri 0 rp ri 0 .01
1 dep -w 0 dep -de 0 .01
6 dep -w 0 dep w 0 .01
6 p -w 0 p w 0 .01
8 p w 0 dep w 0 .01
8 p -w 0 dep -w 0 .01
1 d1p -d1 0 d1p d1 0 .01
1 d2p -d2 0 d2p d2 0 .01
1 d3p -d3 0 d3p d3 0 .01
1 d4p -d4 0 d4p d4 0 .01
1 d5p -d5 0 d5p d5 0 .01
1 d6p -d6 0 d6p d6 0 .01
1 d7p -d7 0 d7p d7 0 .01
1 d8p -d8 0 d8p d8 0 .01
1 d9p -d9 0 d9p d9 0 .01
1 d10p -d10 0 d10p d10 0 .01
1 d11p -d11 0 d11p d11 0 .01
1 source
Wire 7, center
1 load
Wire 7, center c pF
Symbol Tol Gain F/R
h 0.0010 0.00 0.06
rp 0.0010 0.00 0.05
dep 0.0010 0.01 0.11
d1p 0.0010 0.01 0.11
d2p 0.0010 0.00 0.08
d3p 0.0010 0.00 0.06
d4p 0.0010 0.00 0.08
d5p 0.0010 0.00 0.07
d6p 0.0010 0.00 0.14
d7p 0.0010 0.00 0.10
d8p 0.0010 0.00 0.04
d9p 0.0010 0.00 0.08
d10p 0.0010 0.00 0.14
d11p 0.0010 0.00 0.10
ro 0.0005 0.00 0.08
ri 0.0005 0.00 0.08
de 0.0005 0.00 0.04
d1 0.0005 0.01 0.15
d2 0.0005 0.03 0.39
d3 0.0005 0.01 0.17
d4 0.0005 0.01 0.05
d5 0.0005 0.00 0.21
d6 0.0005 0.01 0.12
d7 0.0005 0.00 0.08
d8 0.0005 0.01 0.26
d9 0.0005 0.00 0.19
d10 0.0005 0.00 0.06
d11 0.0005 0.00 0.05
w 0.0005 0.01 0.00
s 0.0010 0.01 0.05
c 0.7467 0.23 0.00
Six-Meter Yagi
This antenna has 17 elements on a six-meter boom.
Modeling Results
87.5 73.3+j5.8 1.08 0.01 0.02 9.20 30.00
88 77.6+j1.9 1.04 0.00 0.02 9.28 31.26
89 81.5-j6.2 1.12 0.01 0.02 9.43 30.65
90 81.1-j12.0 1.19 0.03 0.02 9.59 30.27
91 78.5-j14.9 1.22 0.04 0.02 9.76 30.03
92 75.3-j15.1 1.22 0.04 0.02 9.94 29.93
93 72.9-j12.9 1.19 0.03 0.02 10.15 30.01
94 71.4-j9.9 1.15 0.02 0.02 10.35 30.20
95 71.6-j6.1 1.10 0.01 0.02 10.55 30.21
96 73.3-j2.6 1.04 0.00 0.02 10.75 30.20
97 76.2-j0.5 1.02 0.00 0.02 10.92 30.45
98 79.2-j0.1 1.06 0.00 0.02 11.07 30.83
99 80.9-j1.5 1.08 0.01 0.03 11.18 31.31
100 81.0-j3.2 1.09 0.01 0.03 11.26 31.69
101 80.5-j4.8 1.10 0.01 0.03 11.28 32.37
102 79.3-j6.7 1.11 0.01 0.04 11.22 31.17
103 76.8-j10.8 1.15 0.02 0.05 11.06 30.26
104 68.1-j12.2 1.22 0.04 0.05 10.79 30.07
105 61.0-j4.5 1.24 0.05 0.07 10.47 30.19
106 68.3+j3.5 1.11 0.01 0.09 10.21 30.00
107 71.7-j7.9 1.12 0.01 0.11 10.13 29.93
108 91.5-j6.2 1.24 0.05 0.19 10.19 30.03
Antenna File
Six-Meter Yagi
87.5 93 95 98 100 101 102 103 104 105.3 106 107.3 108 MHz
dep = .49160462
d1p = .7263994
d2p = .9678485
d3p = 1.2847776
d4p = 1.5663208
d5p = 1.845225
d6p = 2.3067593
d7p = 2.7117047
d8p = 3.2256264
d9p = 3.7472078
d10p = 4.320997
d11p = 4.845762
d12p = 5.2749045
d13p = 6
d2 = .6608845
d3 = .65576074
d4 = .634097
d5 = .6372006
d6 = .6252573
d7 = .6117205
d8 = .6119818
d9 = .59872363
d10 = .61072752
d11 = .58825842
d12 = .6028955
d13 = .5670971
s = .1758659 ; loop side
p = dep + s
1 rp -ri 0 rp ri 0 .01
1 dep -w 0 dep -de 0 .01
6 dep -w 0 dep w 0 .01
6 p -w 0 p w 0 .01
8 p w 0 dep w 0 .01
8 p -w 0 dep -w 0 .01
1 d1p -d1 0 d1p d1 0 .01
1 d2p -d2 0 d2p d2 0 .01
1 d3p -d3 0 d3p d3 0 .01
1 d4p -d4 0 d4p d4 0 .01
1 d5p -d5 0 d5p d5 0 .01
1 d6p -d6 0 d6p d6 0 .01
1 d7p -d7 0 d7p d7 0 .01
1 d8p -d8 0 d8p d8 0 .01
1 d9p -d9 0 d9p d9 0 .01
1 d10p -d10 0 d10p d10 0 .01
1 d11p -d11 0 d11p d11 0 .01
1 d12p -d12 0 d12p d12 0 .01
1 d13p -d13 0 d13p d13 0 .01
1 source
Wire 7, center
1 load
Wire 7, center c pF
Symbol Tol Gain F/R
h 0.0010 0.00 0.04
rp 0.0010 0.00 0.03
dep 0.0010 0.01 0.11
d1p 0.0010 0.01 0.10
d2p 0.0010 0.00 0.11
d3p 0.0010 0.01 0.07
d4p 0.0010 0.00 0.10
d5p 0.0010 0.00 0.03
d6p 0.0010 0.00 0.11
d7p 0.0010 0.00 0.09
d8p 0.0010 0.00 0.04
d9p 0.0010 0.00 0.07
d10p 0.0010 0.00 0.13
d11p 0.0010 0.00 0.10
d12p 0.0010 0.00 0.04
d13p 0.0010 0.00 0.03
ro 0.0005 0.00 0.10
ri 0.0005 0.00 0.08
de 0.0005 0.00 0.00
d1 0.0005 0.00 0.13
d2 0.0005 0.04 0.23
d3 0.0005 0.01 0.23
d4 0.0005 0.00 0.03
d5 0.0005 0.01 0.28
d6 0.0005 0.01 0.21
d7 0.0005 0.00 0.13
d8 0.0005 0.01 0.24
d9 0.0005 0.00 0.15
d10 0.0005 0.01 0.08
d11 0.0005 0.00 0.04
d12 0.0005 0.01 0.25
d13 0.0005 0.00 0.17
w 0.0005 0.01 0.00
s 0.0010 0.01 0.05
c 0.7631 0.24 0.00
Construction
Tubing diameter is 10 mm. Flatten both ends of the tubes for the loop sides. Form each end into a circular
clamp and drill holes for a screw to provide compression. Measure loop dimensions to the tubing centerline.
The loop must be in the element plane in front of the driven element, as shown above. Connect the 75Ω coax
shield to one side of the feedpoint gap, indicated by the red dot. Connect the center conductor through the
specified capacitance to the other side. Alternatively, use twice the capacitance in series with each coax lead.
The capacitor should have the highest voltage rating available to minimize the chance of failure due to a nearby
lightning strike. Keep the feedpoint gap and all leads as short as possible. Waterproof the connections. Use
a current balun at the feedpoint.
It may be easier to construct the driven element and loop with 15 mm × 3 mm flat bars interconnected by 10
mm round tubes with a bolt inside. The bars are electrically equivalent to 10 mm round tubes.
In the U.S., use 6063-T5 aluminum angle from Home Depot. The 0.5″ × 0.5″ right-angle shape is electrically
equivalent to a 0.4″ round conductor, which is very close 10 mm. For accurate conductor spacing, mount all
elements with the angle oriented the same way. For symmetry, mount the loop sides with the horizontal part
toward the boom. The electrical centerline is 0.125″ in from the vertical part.
Performance Comparison
Gallery
Paul Ormandy, ZL4TT, erected this three-meter Yagi in Oamaru, New Zealand.
Bryan Clark uses this three-meter Yagi in Mangawhai, Northland, New Zealand.
December 29, 2020 88–108 MHz
Körner 9.2
Peter Körner in Lund, Sweden, designed this Yagi array. It has a boom length of 2.05 m (81″), nine elements,
three reflectors, and a horizontal folded dipole.
Unlike log-Yagis, the 9.2 has no phasing lines that can induce current in the boom and degrade the pattern.
The red dot indicates the 300Ω feedpoint.
The horizontal folded dipole is unusually long and the two conductor currents differ, as does their coupling to
the first director. Because of these factors, conductor spacing strongly affects antenna performance and can
be optimized. It provides only a weak degree of freedom for a vertical folded dipole. The image shows a
commercial version of the antenna available here.
Modeling Results
I modeled the antenna with the AO 9.57 Antenna Optimizer program using 28 analysis segments per
conductor halfwave. Forward gain includes mismatch and conductor losses. F/R is the ratio of forward power
to that of the worst backlobe in the rear half-plane.
88 290+j5 1.04 0.00 0.01 6.19 27.45
89 297-j2 1.01 0.00 0.01 6.24 30.39
90 302-j9 1.03 0.00 0.01 6.31 33.65
91 303-j15 1.05 0.00 0.01 6.38 34.04
92 302-j20 1.07 0.00 0.01 6.46 33.98
93 299-j23 1.08 0.01 0.01 6.55 33.12
94 294-j24 1.09 0.01 0.01 6.64 32.23
95 289-j23 1.09 0.01 0.01 6.74 31.58
96 283-j19 1.09 0.01 0.01 6.84 31.13
97 278-j15 1.10 0.01 0.01 6.95 30.84
98 273-j10 1.11 0.01 0.01 7.05 30.73
99 268-j4 1.12 0.01 0.01 7.16 30.71
100 263+j3 1.14 0.02 0.01 7.26 30.62
101 258+j11 1.17 0.03 0.01 7.35 30.71
102 253+j20 1.21 0.04 0.01 7.41 30.61
103 247+j28 1.24 0.05 0.02 7.46 30.43
104 241+j33 1.29 0.07 0.02 7.46 29.87
105 229+j42 1.37 0.11 0.03 7.39 29.17
106 213+j55 1.50 0.18 0.03 7.20 28.08
107 195+j79 1.71 0.31 0.04 6.82 26.81
108 191+j120 1.94 0.47 0.06 6.23 25.48
Ground Effects
This shows how ground proximity affects F/R at 1° elevation angle for various antenna heights.
Antenna File
Körner 9.2
98 MHz
z = 0.53 ; reflector height
r0 = 0.982 ; reflector half-lengths
r1 = 0.911
rp = 0.05 ; outer reflector positions
de = 0.8 ; driven element half-length
d1 = 0.657 ; director half-lengths
d2 = 0.657
d3 = 0.647
d4 = 0.621
d5 = 0.562
de1 = 0.44 ; driven element positions
de2 = 0.54
d1p = 0.65 ; director positions
d2p = 0.79
d3p = 1.07
d4p = 1.47
d5p = 2.05
1 rp -r1 z rp r1 z .012
1 0 -r0 0 0 r0 0 .012
1 rp -r1 -z rp r1 -z .012
1 de1 -de 0 de1 de 0 .012
1 de2 -de 0 de2 de 0 .012
1 de1 de 0 de2 de 0 .012
1 de1 -de 0 de2 -de 0 .012
1 d1p -d1 0 d1p d1 0 .012
1 d2p -d2 0 d2p d2 0 .012
1 d3p -d3 0 d3p d3 0 .012
1 d4p -d4 0 d4p d4 0 .012
1 d5p -d5 0 d5p d5 0 .012
1 source
Wire 5, center
The following table shows the largest performance degradation over 88, 93, 98, 103, and 108 MHz in dB when
altering a symbol value by Tol.
Symbol Tol Gain F/R
z 0.0010 0.00 0.04
r0 0.0005 0.00 0.02
r1 0.0005 0.00 0.09
rp 0.0010 0.00 0.03
de 0.0005 0.00 0.02
d1 0.0005 0.03 0.04
d2 0.0005 0.03 0.11
d3 0.0005 0.08 0.13
d4 0.0005 0.02 0.13
d5 0.0005 0.00 0.03
de1 0.0010 0.00 0.03
de2 0.0010 0.01 0.04
d1p 0.0010 0.01 0.04
d2p 0.0010 0.01 0.06
d3p 0.0010 0.01 0.06
d4p 0.0010 0.00 0.02
d5p 0.0010 0.00 0.03
Gallery
John Faulkner erected this 9.2 in Skegness, Lincolnshire, England. It rotates in azimuth and polarization here.
This is Balazs Benko's 9.2 in Budapest, Hungary.
Petr Vozár erected this 9.2 near Javornik, Czech Republic.
This shows Georgiy Markiev's vertical stack in Petrozavodsk, Russia. The antenna came down in a wind storm.
Paul Z. in White Plains, New York, had this 9.2 shipped from Germany.
Glenn Davis built this 9.2 with spliced elements and custom element mounts in Hutto, Texas.
April 28, 2017 88–108 MHz

Large 14-Element Yagi for 174–216 MHz TV Band

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Large 14-Element Yagi for 174–216 MHz TV Band

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Dipole for 54–88 MHz

Small Yagi for 174–216 MHz

Large Yagi for 174–216 MHz

Combining Stacked UHF-TV Arrays

I used YO 8.00 to model the 4" x 1.625" x 0.5" x 0.05" parasitic-element

Carl Van Camp used a shorter, single layer of heat-shrink.

February 4, 2021 88–108 MHz

1 0.0000 -32.8750 0.0000 0.0000 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 14.6250 -29.5000 0.0000 14.6250 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 27.0000 -28.2500 0.0000 27.0000 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 39.3750 -21.8750 0.0000 39.3750 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 43.1250 -25.0000 -1.9375 43.1250 -2.0000 -1.9375 0.3750

1 53.7500 -24.0000 0.0000 53.7500 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 65.2500 -24.0000 0.0000 65.2500 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 100.3750 -24.0000 0.0000 100.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 117.3750 -24.0000 0.0000 117.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 de3 -r 0 de3 -r -b .125 zinc

June 15, 2018 88–108 MHz

1 0.0000 -34.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 15.7500 -30.3750 0.0000 15.7500 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 25.7500 -28.5000 0.0000 25.7500 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 35.7500 -26.4375 0.0000 35.7500 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 45.7500 -25.4375 0.0000 45.7500 -r 0.0000 0.3750

1 63.7500 -24.0625 0.0000 63.7500 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 77.3750 -24.0625 0.0000 77.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 89.3750 -24.0625 0.0000 89.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 101.3750 -24.0625 0.0000 101.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 113.3750 -24.0625 0.0000 113.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 125.3750 -24.0625 0.0000 125.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 137.3750 -24.0625 0.0000 137.3750 -2.0000 0.0000 0.3750

1 de5 -r 0 de5 -r -b .125 zinc

June 15, 2018 88–108 MHz

1 de1p -de1 -2 de1p -de1s -2 .375 ; Driven element 1

1 de2p -de2 -2 de2p -de2s -2 .375 ; Driven element 2

1 d1p -d1 0 d1p -b 0 d ; Directors

1 de1p -1 -2 f -1 -2 w ; Phasing line

June 15, 2018 88–108 MHz

1 x1 0 0 x2 0 0 p ; lower phasing line

n2 x2 0 s x3 0 s p ; upper phasing line

1 x8 0 0 x8 0 s #18 ; feedpoint jumper

Small Five-Element Yagi

93.000 MHz: Impedance 91.8-j13.3 Ω

98.000 MHz: Impedance 90.2-j5.0 Ω

103.000 MHz: Impedance 76.6+j21.3 Ω

108.000 MHz: Impedance 66.7+j16.0 Ω

Home Depot Version

Small Yagi - Home Depot Version

Small Yagi - European Version

September 21, 2020 88–108 MHz

Home Depot Yagi

Home Depot Yagi - Bent DE

September 14, 2019 88–108 MHz

December 29, 2020 88–108 MHz

April 28, 2017 88–108 MHz

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