7

MUSIC
Quarter 1

LEARNER’S MATERIAL
1
 Module

MUSIC Grade 7
1
PIVOT IV-A Learner’s Material
Quarter 1 Module
First Edition, 2020

Published by: Department of Education Region IV-A CALABARZON

Regional Director: Wilfredo E. Cabral
CLMD Chief: Job S. Zape, Jr.

GRADE 7
MUSIC
Music of Lowlands of Luzon

Development Team of the Module

Author: Josenia D. Gragera

Editor:
Reviewer:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: , CID Chief
, SDO EPS In-charge of LR
Romyr L. Lazo, EPS In-charge of LR
, EPS Subject Area In-charge
Fe M. Ong-ongowan, Librarian
Lhovie A. Cauilan, Teaching Aid Specialist

Department of Education Region 4A CALABARZON

Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village, Cainta Rizal
Landline: 02-868-257-73, Local 420/421
Email Address: lrmd.calabarzon@deped.gov.ph

2
Quarter 1: Music of Lowland Luzon

Content Standard: Demonstrates understanding of the musical characteristics of

representative music from the lowlands of Luzon

Performance Standard: Performs music of the lowlands with appropriate pitch,

rhythm, expression and style.

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

1. Describes the musical characteristics of representative music selections from
the lowlands of Luzon after listening
2. Analyzes the musical elements of some Lowland vocal and instrumental music
selections;
3. Identifies the musical instruments and other sound sources from the lowlands
of Luzon
4. Explores ways of producing sounds on a variety of sources that is similar to
the instruments being studied;
5. Improvises simple rhythmic/melodic accompaniments to selected music from
the Lowlands of Luzon;
6. Performs music from Luzon lowlands with own accompaniment;
7. Evaluates music and music performances with rubrics on musical elements
and styles.

References: MELC for Music G7, Pivot Bow R4QUBE, Music and Arts Learner’s
Material and Teacher’s Guide

3
 Week
I
1-2
Before we explore the music of the Luzon Lowlands, let us first recall the
different musical elements that you have learned in your previous music lessons.

Rhythm is the regular repeated pattern of sounds. It serves as the pulse

of the musical composition. This element has three components: beat, tempo

Tempo is the speed of the beat. Every music has its own speed which de-
pends on the mood of the whole music. Most happy tunes are fast while sad mu-
sic is relatively slow.
Meter which composes of time signature is the combination of strong beats

Dynamics the softness and loudness of the music - the Dynamics. This
can be gradual (crescendo and decrescendo) or sudden / abrupt. Dynamics in
music suggests the emotional aspect of the composition. Soft music suggests
themes such as love while loud or strong music suggests bravery or war.
Melody is the organized sequence (horizontal) of single motes. In other
words, it is the main tune of the musical piece. It is what you hear and what re-
tains in your head. It has two types, the conjunct and the disjunct.
Texture is all about the thickness of the sound. In the three diagrams be-
low, the lines represent the melodic movement of a musical piece. For example, in
the monophonic texture, only single line can be seen which means there is only

Learning Task 1 : Modified TRUE or FALSE

Directions: Write APPROVED if the statement is true and if not, write DISAP-
PROVED and identify the word that made the statement false. Accomplish this
task in your activity notebook.
1.Luzon lowland folksongs have a very distinctive Spanish influence.
2.Folksongs are generally taught in schools.
3.Sitsiritsit is a Tagalog folksong.
4.An example of a Kapampangan folk song is Sarung Banggi.
5.The composers and lyricists of folk songs are usually unknown.
6.Naraniag a Bulan is an example of an Ilocano folk song.
7.Folk songs are mostly short and complicated.
8.Key signatures in folk songs do not change.
9.Folk songs are based on the community‟s livelihood, tradition and culture.
10. Atin Cu Pung Singsing is an example of a Bicolano folk song.
11. Sarung Banggi is a folk song from Batangas.
12. Pamulinawen is a folksong with a triple meter.
13.Folksongs are usually sung in the dialect of the people of its place of
origin.
14.Pamulinawen and Manang Biday are both Tagalog folksongs.
4
15. All folksongs have the same story to tell.
 D
Learning Task 2 Try to find 16 popular folk songs in the puzzle. List down
the titles of the song you are familiar with. Tell whether it is a TAGALOG, ILOCA-
NO, KAPAMPANGAN, and BIKOLANO. Write the title on the table below the puz-
P A T A G A B U N D O C V U L C E L K
A G P A M U L I N A W E N F B M P G F
D E S P A C I T O T T I M A A M I T M
T Q A E R S D T G I S V E N H W E T A
L E R O N L E R O N S I N T A T G Y G
L B U Z C A C A O C A C A P Y T I M T
O H N O I T R E S U B G T E K C V A N
P R G B I H Y K U P A D G K U E P R I
V E B C I R T G A U S D R I B O P I M
B D A U T Y V N B N Z S F E O I H A A
A O N A R A N I A G A B U L A N G N Y
N R G B G E S I T S I R I T S I T G D
N E G T Y H G U Y I H J U W E S F M I
A D I W A S R D F N T Y H I K J O A B
T O C V M A N A N G B I D A Y V S L I
I X E R T Y U I O S A S D T G H K A R
R E T I S E P C B I Q R V I O A Z G O
A P A R U P A R U N G B U K I D A U S
N G J E D U D U N G W E N K A N T O D

1. Are you familiar with the given songs in this activity?

2. How did they become familiar to you?
3. Have you tried singing those songs before? How was it?
4. Do you like listening and singing to those type of songs? Why or why not?
5. Which among these folk songs are you familiar with, and you easily un-
derstand? Why?

5
 E

Folk songs in general have the following characteristics

A. The lyrics are according to the native tongue.

Because songs are based on the daily experiences of the people in a par-
ticular place and the message of the songs needs to be understood easily to be
appreciated, the lyrics of the songs are written or sung in their own dialects. For
example, the Tagalog folk songs came from the people who speak Tagalog.
(Bahay Kubo, Leron, Leron Sinta, Magtanim ay di Biro). The Ilocanos have their
own (Manang Biday and Pamulinawen). The Kapampangan’s Atin Cu Pung Sing-
sing, and the Bicolano’s Sarung Banggi are just a few among the folk songs of
Luzon that are sung in their own dialects. Why do you think it is important for a
folk song to be sung or written in their native tongue?

B. Passed down through oral tradition to family or community members,

hence, learned by mere memorization

C. Unknown composers and lyricists

Most composers of Filipino folk songs are unknown because songs are
just based on daily experiences and are passed down orally.

D. Simple key signature of the song

Do you know how to play a guitar? If you can play this instrument,
you can try to play a simple folk song. While playing, you will notice that it
starts with a particular key (key of G for example) and ends in that same key.
That only shows the simplicity of the Luzon folk songs.

E. Duple, triple, or, quadruple are common meters used

These meters were very common during that time. The dances and com-
mon songs are based on these meters. The composers of the folk songs adopted
these rhythmic patterns to their compositions.

F. Primarily based on the community’s culture, tradition and livelihood

6
Learning Task 3: Picture Folk song. Tell the title of the folksong that is being illustrated in the picture
below. Complete the missing letters to get the title of the song.

1. B _ H A _ K _ B _
5. A T _ N CU P_ N G S _ NG S I N _

2. L E_ O N L _ R O _ S I _ T A 6. O N A _ A N I _ G A B _ L A N

3. M _ G T _ N I _ A Y D I B _ R _ 7. P A _ U - P _ R O N _ B _ K I _

4. M _ N A _ G B _ D _ Y
8. S T _. C L _ R _

7
Guide Question/s:

1. What helps you to easily identify the title of the folksong?

2. What Filipino culture/values is shown in these folksongs (pictures)

A
Learning Task 4 Direction: Analyze the given musical piece below. Tell the elements of
music present in the musical piece by answering the given questions, then encircle the

8
Questions:

1. What is the time signature of the song?

A. 3/4 B. 2/4 C. 4/4 D. 2/2
2. What is the beginning and ending key (chord) of the song?

A. f minor B. c minor C. g minor . e minor

3. What accidentals are present in this piece?

A. sharps (#) B. flats (b) C. flats & natural D. double sharp

4. What is the first note of the song?

A. re B. do C. mi D. sol

5. How many bars comprises the entire musical piece?

A. 50 bars B. 60 bars C. 22 bars D. 32 bars

Learning Task 5 : Write your own reflection about what you have learned about the folksong of the
lowland Luzon. (Read pp. 5 of the module)

9
 Post Test
@
Learning Task 6 Modified TRUE or FALSE
Directions: Write APPROVED if the statement is true and if not, write DISAP-
PROVED and identify the word that made the statement false. Accomplish this
task in your activity notebook.

1.Luzon lowland folksongs have a very distinctive Spanish influence.

2.Folksongs are generally taught in schools.

3.Sitsiritsit is a Tagalog folksong.

4.An example of a Kapampangan folk song is Sarung Banggi.

5.The composers and lyricists of folk songs are usually unknown.

6.Naraniag a Bulan is an example of an Ilocano folk song.

7.Folk songs are mostly short and complicated.

8.Key signatures in folk songs do not change.

9.Folk songs are based on the community‟s livelihood, tradition and culture.

10. Atin Cu Pung Singsing is an example of a Bicolano folk song.

11. Sarung Banggi is a folk song from Batangas.

12. Pamulinawen is a folksong with a triple meter.

13.Folksongs are usually sung in the dialect of the people of its place of
origin.

14.Pamulinawen and Manang Biday are both Tagalog folksongs.

15. All folksongs have the same story to tell.

10
 Answer key:

Pre assessment (pp 3)

1. Approved 6. approved 11. disapproved

2. Disapproved 7. disapproved 12. disapproved

3. Approved 8. disapproved 13. approved

4. Disapproved 9. approved 14. disapproves

5. Disapproved 10. disapproved 15. approved

Loop a word activity (pp 4)

Tagalog Folk Songs: Ilocano Folk Songs Kapampangan

1. Magtanim ay di Biro 1. Pamulinawen 1. Atin Cu Pung sing sing

2. Bahay kubo 2. O Naraniag a bulan 2. Doredo

3. Leron Leron sinta 3. Manang Biday 3. Caca o Caca

4. Sitsiritsit 4. dudungwen kanto 4. Patag a bundoc

5. Paru parong bukid 5. Bannatiran 5. mariang Malagu

Bicolano

1. sarung baanggi

Music Analysis (pp 7-8) Multiple choice

1. A

2. A

3. C

4. B

5. D

Answer key:

Post Test (pp 9)

1. Approved 6. approved 11. disapproved

2. Disapproved 7. disapproved 12. disapproved

3. Approved 8. disapproved 13. approved

4. Disapproved 9. approved 14. disapproves

5. Disapproved 10. disapproved 15. approved

11
 I Week

Learning Task 1 Let us recall what we have learned about musical instruments. Can
you name the musical instruments illustrated below? Can tell their classifications?
3-4
(stings, wind, percussion). Write your answer on the space provided

Name :__________________
Name______________________
Name:_____________
Classification:_____________
Classification: _______________
Classification:___________

Name :__________________ Name :__________________ Name :__________________

Classification:_____________ Classification:_____________ Classification:_____________

Name :__________________ Name :__________________

Name :__________________
Classification:_____________ Classification:_____________
Classification:_____________

12
Pre test

Learning Task 2 Read carefully the questions . Choose the letter of the correct answer .
Write your answer on the space provided.

1. A music ensemble composed of brass wind, woodwind, and percussion instru-

ments.
A. Rondalla B. Brass band C. Orchestra D. Rock band

2. This wind instrument uses a slide to change pitch.

A. Flute B. Piccolo flute C, Trombone D. Saxophone

3. The cymbals is an example of what kind of instrument?

A. String B. Percussion C. Woodwind D. Brass wind

4. A group of wind instrument which produce sound through a reed.

A. wood wind B. Brass wind C. Percussion D. String

5. These instruments play the rhythm in the brass band.

A. Percussion B. Strings C. Wood wind D. Braswind

6. The largest instrument in the Rondalla is?

A. Guitar B. Bajo de Unas C. Banduria D. Octavina

7. The instrument in the Rondalla which has six strings and is typically played by strum-
ming or plucking the strings. It plays the rhythm or the beat of the musical piece

A. Guitar B. Banduria C. Octavina D. Bajo de Unas

8. This instrument in the Rondalla has the highest pitch range. Which one is it?

A. Banduria B. Guitar C. Octavina D. Bajo de Unas

9. Which instrument in the Rondalla ensemble has the lowest pitch?

A. Banduria B. Octavina C. Guitar D. Bajo de Unas

10. It is an instrumental group That is made up of stringed instruments and is sometimes

called “Filipino stringed band”

A. Drum and Lyre B. Brass Band C. Rondalla D. Orchestra

13
 D
The Rondalla is an instrumental group that is made up of stringed in-
struments and is sometimes called the “Filipino stringed band”. Although this
ensemble is very much associated with Filipino culture, historians claimed
that it originated from Spain. During their colonization they brought with
them the Spanish Rondalla which composed of bandurrias, violins, guitars,
flutes, tambourines, castanets and triangles. Later, the Filipinos modified the
instruments to fit to their culture. But how did the Rondalla get its name?
According to Dr. Antonio Molina, a national artist for music, the ron-
dalla started as a very informal group of music loving Filipinos. During the
Spanish occupation, the Governors asked civilians to guard their mansions at
night. Their job is to go around the governor’s mansion all night. This is
called “Ronda” or to make rounds. The civilians became bored with this daily
routine and decided to make music using guitars and bandurias while mak-
ing rounds. Thus, they are called Rondalla which means making music while
doing rounds.

The Rondalla Instruments

Banduria

It is an instrument with the highest pitch

range. Usually, this instrument plays the
melody. The Spanish banduria has 12
strings while the Filipino banduria has
14 strings. The specific notes of the
strings are F# B E A D G or Fa#, Ti, Mi,
La, Re, Sol.

Laud and Octavina

These instruments play the contra

-puntal (counter Their strings are
tuned like the banduria strings
but ave lower. They also have 14
string

14
 Guitar

The guitar is a popular instrument with usually

6 strings. It is typically played by strumming or
plucking the strings. It plays the rhythm or beat
of the musical piece.

Bajo de unas

It is the largest instrument of the

rondalla. This stringed instrument
has only 4 thick strings, but there
are rare bass instruments that have
6 strings. It plays the bass part of the
musical piece. The notes of the
strings are E A D G or Mi, La, Re, Sol.

Short Assessment:
You have learned about the brief history of Rondalla and its instrument. Answer the fol-
lowings question by choosing the letter of the correct answer.
1. The largest instrument in the Rondalla is?

A. Guitar B. Bajo de Unas C. Banduria D. Octavina

2. The instrument in the Rondalla which has six strings and is typically played by strum-
ming or plucking the strings. It plays the rhythm or the beat of the musical piece

A. Guitar B. Banduria C. Octavina D. Bajo de Unas

3. This instrument in the Rondalla has the highest pitch range. Which one is it?

A. Banduria B. Guitar C. Octavina D. Bajo de Unas

4. Which instrument in the Rondalla ensemble has the lowest pitch?

A. Banduria B. Octavina C. Guitar D. Bajo de Unas

5. It is an instrumental group That is made up of stringed instruments and is sometimes

called “Filipino stringed band”

A. Drum and Lyre B. Brass Band C. Rondalla D. Orchestra

15
 THE BRASS BAND

Our country is also rich with different genres of instrumental music.

And during religious festivities, one musical group still plays an important role
- the Brass Band. A fiesta is not a fiesta without the music of the brass band
or the marching band. Its music brings a joyful mood to everyone who hears it.
And even processions at night, a brass band accompanies the people who show
their devotion to a saint. But what is a brass band? What are its instruments?
In the Philippines, this music group became popular during the 20th
century although there were some accounts by historians that during the
Spanish time, the brass band music is already heard.
A brass band is a music ensemble composed of woodwind, brass wind
and percussion instruments. Usually, this group plays folk songs, marches,
processional music and pop songs.

Brass wind instruments are instruments made of brass (metal). A player

produces sound by buzzing the lips into the metal mouthpiece. Although the
early types of these instruments are made of wood, shells, or tusks, today’s
modern instrument is made entirely of brass. Long pipes have been curved and
twisted to produce the desired sound quality and for easier playing. Some of
the popular brass wind instruments that are present in the Philippine march-
ing bands are:

16
 THE BRASS WIND FAMILY
The Trumpet

The trumpet is the smallest instru-

ment in the brass family. It usually plays
the melody of the music because of its
bright and vibrant sound. Originally, the
main function of this instrument is to
gather people, sound for alarm, and call
to war.

The Trombone
The trombone is the
only instrument in the
brass family that uses a
slide to change pitch. 1
You play the trombone by
holding it horizontally,
buzzing into the mouth-
piece, and using your right
hand to change pitch by
pushing or pulling the
slide to one of seven differ-
ent positions.

The French Horn

1It comes from the French hunting

horn of the 1600s, and produces a
wide variety of sound ranging from
very loud to very soft, and from harsh
and blaring to mellow and smooth.
The French horn's 18 feet of tubing is
rolled up into a circular shape, with a
large bell at its end. To play the
French horn, hold it with the bell
curving downward and buzz into the
mouthpiece.

17
 The Sausaphone

This instrument is
known as the bass. The
bell is above the player’s
head and projecting for-
ward.

THE WOODWIND FAMILY

A woodwind instrument is a musical instrument which produces sound
when the player blows air against a sharp edge or through a reed (usually made
of bamboo). Most of these instruments are made of wood but can be made of
other materials, such as metals or plastics. Woodwinds can be further divided
into 2 groups - the flutes and the reeds.

The Flute

The flute is an aero phone (wind

instrument) that produces its sound
from flow of air across an opening.
The sound it produces is thin in tim-
bre.

The Clarinet

This instrument is a straight

cylindrical tube with cylindrical
bore, and a flared bell. It has a
single -reed mouthpiece.

18
The Saxophone

Commonly used in concert bands, military

bands, marching bands, and jazz bands. The
tenor saxophone is a medium-sized member of
the saxophone family. It uses a large mouth-
piece, reed, ligature. It is easily distinguished by
the bend in its neck (near the mouthpiece).

The Piccolo Flute

This instrument is smaller than the flute and

has a thinner sound

THE PERCUSSION FAMILY

Traditional Philippine brass bands only have these major percussion
instruments - the SNARE DRUM, the BASS DRUM, and the CYMBALS.

The Snare Drum

The snare drum is also known as the side

drum. It is known for its cylindrical shape
and a powerful staccato sound. This instru-
ment is often used in orchestras, concert
bands, and marching bands. It is played with
drum sticks or brush.

The Base Drum

The bass drum produces a

low pitch and serves as the
rhythmic guide of the ensemble.

19
 E

PITCH PERFECT

Learning Task 3 Based on the sound samples provided, rate the instru-
ments according to pitch range (5 as the highest and 1 the lowest) and the tone
quality (5 is the thickest, and 1 is the thinnest). COLOR THE BOXES WHICH COR-
RESPONDS TO YOUR CHOICE.

Pitch Range Tone Quality

Instrument
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Piccolo flute
https://youtu.be/y-twGDZeYs4

Flute
https://youtu.be/be1jJCH32OU

Clarinet
https://youtu.be/8AzV_Sz-oYw

Alto Saxophone
https://youtu.be/1Cs5k18maNE

Tenor saxophone
https://youtu.be/gTevMU1l0QE

Trumpet
https://youtu.be/r1JpF0ovMFA
Trombone
https://youtu.be/f_TAmwlYA1Q

French horn
https://youtu.be/mW3Ay9FRyeM

Sousaphone
https://youtu.be/ZVlS64b_4K8

20
 A

Learning Task 4 Draw a rondalla instrument that made an impression to you.

Draw it on a short bond paper. After drawing, write a short paragraph why you
chose the instrument?

10 5 2

Clarity of image The image was The image was The image was
clearly drawn and clear but only 3 poorly drawn and
at least four parts parts are visible only two parts of
are clear in the the instrument is
image. clear.

There were plen-

Neatness The drawing was The drawing was ty
presented very finished with only of unnecessary
neat and clear a few unnecessary markings on the
markings on it. drawing which
made the draw-
ing
unclear

Punctuality The finished The finished The finished

product was product was product was
submitted before submitted during submitted after
the given date of the given date of the given date of
submission. submission submission

21
Post Test

Learning Task 5 Read carefully the questions . Choose the letter of the correct answer .
Write your answer on the space provided.

1. A music ensemble composed of brass wind, woodwind, and percussion instru-

ments.
A. Rondalla B. Brass band C. Orchestra D. Rock band

2. This wind instrument uses a slide to change pitch.

A. Flute B. Piccolo flute C, Trombone D. Saxophone

3. The cymbals is an example of what kind of instrument?

A. String B. Percussion C. Woodwind D. Brass wind

4. A group of wind instrument which produce sound through a reed.

A. wood wind B. Brass wind C. Percussion D. String

5. These instruments play the rhythm in the brass band.

A. Percussion B. Strings C. Wood wind D. Braswind

6. The largest instrument in the Rondalla is?

A. Guitar B. Bajo de Unas C. Banduria D. Octavina

7. The instrument in the Rondalla which has six strings and is typically played by strum-
ming or plucking the strings. It plays the rhythm or the beat of the musical piece

A. Guitar B. Banduria C. Octavina D. Bajo de Unas

8. This instrument in the Rondalla has the highest pitch range. Which one is it?

A. Banduria B. Guitar C. Octavina D. Bajo de Unas

9. Which instrument in the Rondalla ensemble has the lowest pitch?

A. Banduria B. Octavina C. Guitar D. Bajo de Unas

10. It is an instrumental group That is made up of stringed instruments and is sometimes

called “Filipino stringed band”

A. Drum and Lyre B. Brass Band C. Rondalla D. Orchestra

22
Answer key :

Pre test (pp. 12) Post test (pp. 21)

1. b 1. a
2.c 2. c

3. b 3. b

4. a 4. a
5.a 5. a

6..b 6. b

7.a 7.a
8.a 8.a

9. d 9.d
10. c 10.c

23
 Week
I
Pre test. Let’s check on your background knowledge about the topic.
5-6
Don’t worry. This activity is not graded.
A. Identification: Analyze the questions below and do this in your activity pa-
per.
_______________ 1. It came from the phrase “kung hindi man.”
_______________ 2. It is popularly known as the “Singing Bamboos of the
Philippines”
_______________ 3. These pangkat kawayan instruments are bamboo-rattle
tubes attached to its bamboo frame
_______________ 4. It is a wind instrument that produces a hollow gong- like
sound

_______________ 5. These are small pieces of bamboo in graduated small

tubes that have been put together by a string

_______________ 6. He is the composer of “Nasaan Ka Irog.”

_______________ 7. In musical context, kundiman usually starts in a minor

key and ends with a: ___________
_______________ 8. “Pakiusap” is composed by .

_______________ 9. It is a bamboo piece with ridges, and it serves as a percus-

sion instrument played by rubbing a rattan stick to its ridges.

_______________ 10. It is an ensemble of stringed instruments played with the

plectrum or pick and generally known as plectrum instruments.

Modified True or False. Write True if the statement is correct. If the statement
is false, write the word/s that make/s it incorrect.
_______________ 1. Often times, a faster tempo signifies a lively music while a
slower one implies a darker mood or simply a sad or
emotional music.
_______________ 2. The tempo is the softness and loudness of music.
_______________ 3. A kundiman usually starts with a minor key then goes to
the major key and in triple meter.
_______________ 4. A major key uses a minor scale.
_______________ 5. Rondalla is popularly known as the “Singing Bamboos of
the Philippine.

24
D

Before we explore the art music and famous bamboo ensemble from
the lowlands of Luzon, let us first recall the secular music and instrumen-
tal music that have been discussed in the previous modules.
Secular music refers to any music that is not religious in nature.
Harana is a serenade traditionally sung by a man to express his
love to a lady, sung with emotion and usually accompanied by a guitar.
Kumintang which originated from Balayan Batangas, is sung in tri-
ple meter with themes of love and courtship.
Polka originated from a Bohemian dance that became popular in
Europe and America in the early 19th century.
Balitaw is a dialogue or courtship song in triple meter, mostly in 2
and 3 part forms and arranged with counter melodies.

Let’s Check It Out

Let’s see how much have you learned from these topics from the
previous module by matching each type of music to its specific example.
Write the letter of the correct answer in the blank provided before the
number.

A B

Harana a. Anugon Anugon

Kumintang b. Polka Sa Nayon

Polka

Balitaw d. Lahing Kayumanggi

25
 Kundiman came from the phrase “kung hindi man.” Through its
melody, lyrics and expressive singing, the kundiman conveys a selfless
and spiritual attitude, intense love, longing, caring, devotion and oneness
not only with a romantic partner but also with a parent, a child, a spiritual
figure, or the mother land. To emphasize these characteristics, it requires
an application of the musical elements intended for a certain purpose.

The dynamics or the softness and loudness of music adds more dra-
matic effects for a kundiman. It intensifies the attitude and the emotions of
the song. On the other hand, the tempo signifies the mood of a certain mu-
sic. Oftentimes, a faster tempo signifies a lively music while a slower one
implies a darker mood or simply a sad or emotional music.

Some famous Filipino Kundiman composers are Francisco Santiago,

Nicanor Abelardo, Bonifacio Abdon, Francisco Buencamino and Angel Peña.

Among the famous Kundiman performers in the early 1900’s are

Atang de la Rama, Jovita Fuentes, Conching Rosal and Ruben Tagalog.

In musical context, kundiman usually starts in a minor key then

goes to the major key and in triple meter. Some examples of the kundiman
are:

“Pakiusap” by Francisco Santiago

“Nasaan Ka Irog” by Nicanor Abelardo

“Jocelynang Baliwag” by an unknown composer in-

spired by the revolutionaries in Bulacan during the
1896 revolution

“Sa Sariling Bayan” by V. Tolentino

“Iyo Kailan Pa Man” by Angel Pena

Major and minor keys are defined by their tonic note (their starting or
base note) and their scale being major or minor.

26
 A major key uses a major scale and a minor key uses a minor scale.
The difference between major and minor chords and scales boils down to a
difference of one essential note- the third (illustration of the third degree) The
third is what gives major-sounding scales and chords their brighter, cheerer
sound and what gives minor scales and chords their darker, sadder sound. A
major chord consists of a 1st, 3rd and 5th degree of a major scale while mi-
nor chord is made from the 1st, flatted 3rd, and 5th degrees of a major scale.
In short, the only difference is the third degree.

Learning Task 1 :
Categorize each song inside the first box according to the type of music
to which it belongs. Write your answer in the second box provided below.

Pakiusap
Pamulinawen
Jocelynang Baliwag Sa Sariling Bayan
Anak Dalita
Magtanim ay Di Biro

FOLK SONGS

Examine the table that you have accomplished, and answer the following
questions.

1. Were you able to categorize all the songs? What were your bases?

2. Was it easy for you to categorize the songs? Why? Why not?

3. What can you say about the characteristics of kundiman and folk
songs?

27
 THE PANGKAT KAWAYAN

The pangkat kawayan is popularly known as the “singing bamboo of the Philippines.”,
is an orchestra that plays music using non-traditional bamboo instruments.
Founded in 1966, it has always been composed of young students who are se-
lected from Quezon City and Manila schools.

The group’s musical instruments, numbering more than a hundred are

made of six kinds of the versatile bamboo in various sizes, shapes and designs. It
includes:

ANGKLUNG

It has bamboo-rattle tubes attached to a

bamboo frame. Tubes are carved to have a
resonant pitch when struck, each angklung
represents a note and is tuned to octaves. It
plays the counterpoint to the melody. It is
played by shaking the lower part with one
hand while the upper end holding it with
the other hand steady.

28
BUMBONG It is made of hollow pieces
of bamboo that has been put to-
gether and serve as the orchestra’s
wind section. It is divided into
bass (lower) and horn (higher) sec-
tions. Each bumbong represents
one note; to produce the sound it
has to be blown through a mouth-
piece.

KALATOK (Bamboo Knocker

It is a percussion instru-
ment made of pieces of bamboos
that are strung together with
pieces of bamboo with varying
tones when struck by a rubber
mallet.

TALUNGGATING (Bamboo Marimba)

It is made from bamboo that fol-

lows the musical scale and style of the
typical xylophone It plays the melody.
Mallets made out of rattan and rubber
are used to play the Instrument.

29
 KALAGONG
It is a wind instrument
that produces a hollow gong-like
sound. It is played by tapping the
top holes of the bamboos by two
flat and flexible surface tapper. It
serves as the bass of the group.

PANPIPES

It has small pieces of bamboo in

graduated small tubes that has been
put together by a string. It has the
sound and styling of the wind instru-
ments found in Northern Philippines.
Each pipe represents a note and is
blown to produce the sound.

TULALI
It is made of baga (one of
the smallest bamboo varieties). A
bamboo opening encircled by a
banana leafing to a pentatonic
scale played on four holes, one
found below and three on top of
the bamboo tube.

KISKIS

A bamboo piece with ridges and serves

as a percussion instrument. Kiskis is a
Filipino word means “to scratch” or “to
rub against something”. It is played by
rubbing a rattan stick on its ridges

30
E
Learning Task 2 In this activity, you will try to analyze the sound
produced in the given instruments. You are going to identify the manner of
playing for each instrument.

Manner of playing the instrument (producing sound)

SHAKING
BLOWING
SRTIKING
TAPPING
RUBBING

1. Angklung - _______________________ 5. Kiskis- ________________________

2. Tulali- ___________________________ 6. Panpipes- _____________________

3. Kalagong- ________________________ 7. Kalatok- _______________________

4. Bumbong - ______________________ 8. Talunggating- ___________________

Learning Task 3 Explain then write your answer in a separate

sheet of paper.
What is the connection of sound production to the manner of playing
the instruments? Justify your answer.

How does the manner of playing affect the sound being produced?

MY REFLECTION

31
@ Post test

Learning Task 4 A. Identification: Analyze the questions below and do this in

your activity paper.
_______________ 1. It came from the phrase “kung hindi man.”
_______________ 2. It is popularly known as the “Singing Bamboos of the
Philippines”
_______________ 3. These pangkat kawayan instruments are bamboo-rattle
tubes attached to its bamboo frame
_______________ 4. It is a wind instrument that produces a hollow gong- like
sound

_______________ 5. These are small pieces of bamboo in graduated small

tubes that have been put together by a string

_______________ 6. He is the composer of “Nasaan Ka Irog.”

_______________ 7. In musical context, kundiman usually starts in a minor

key and ends with a major key.
_______________ 8. “Pakiusap” is composed by .

_______________ 9. It is a bamboo piece with ridges, and it serves as a percus-

sion instrument played by rubbing a rattan stick to its ridges.

_______________ 10. It is an ensemble of stringed instruments played with the

plectrum or pick and generally known as plectrum instruments.

Modified True or False. Write True if the statement is correct. If the statement
is false, write the word/s that make/s it incorrect.
_______________ 1. Oftentimes, a faster tempo signifies a lively music while a
slower one implies a darker mood or simply a sad or
emotional music.
_______________ 2. The tempo is the softness and loudness of music.
_______________ 3. A kundiman usually starts with a minor key then goes to
the major key and in triple meter.
_______________ 4. A major key uses a minor scale.
_______________ 5. Rondalla is popularly known as the “Singing Bamboos of
the Philippine.

32
Answer key:

Pre test (PP. 23) Lets check out! (pp.24)

1. Kundiman 1. C

2. Pangkat kawayan 2. d

3. Angklung 3. b

4. Bumbong 4. a

5. Panpipes

6. Nicanor Abelardo

7. Major Key

8. Nicanor Abelardo

9. Francisco Santiago

10. Rondalla

True or false:

1. True

2. False– dynamics

3. True

4. False—major key

5. False– pangkat kawayan

33
I Week

Modified True or False. Write AMEN if the statement is true and if not encircle
7-8
the wrong word and write the correct answer on the space provided before each
number.

_____________ 1. Our deep faith in God was adopted from the Portuguese.

_____________ 2. The Philippines is the only Christian nation in Asia.

_____________ 3. All types of music can be played in a Mass.

_____________ 4. Singing is another form of prayer

_____________ 5. The community is the main celebrant of the Holy Mass.

_____________ 6. Music Ministers are the ones responsible for choosing the songs
for the mass

_____________ 7. There are rules to be followed in selecting music for the

Liturgy
_____________ 8. There are no musical elements present in a liturgical music.

_____________ 9. All parts of the mass should be sung at all times.

_____________ 10. A chant is not a song.

_____________ 11. Julian Felipe is the first Filipino to compose a mass.

_____________ 12. The community must actively take part in every liturgical

celebration.

_____________ 13. Majority of our population are Christians.

_____________ 14.The lyrics or text of a liturgical song must be in accordance

to Catholic teaching

_____________ 15. The Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy gives rules about Litur-
gical Music

34
D

Today you are going to learn the other side of our Filipino culture,
our religious side. Is this different from the happy and light side of being a
Filipino? What songs are we going to learn? Are the musical elements in
religious music different from the folk songs? Will there be new musical
instruments to be introduced? Is it really different from the culture that
we used to know and experience? Well, those might be the questions that
are starting to build in your minds. Together, let us explore this area of
our nationality and acquire a deep cultural experience through different
activities in this module.

The first type of liturgical music the Filipinos learned from the
Spaniards was the Holy Mass in Latin language. Gregorian Chants and
other sacred type of music were all sung in a dialect the natives cannot
understand. That is why they decided to make extra liturgical celebra-
tions done in their homes or outside the mass. These celebrations con-
tain rites and music that were suited to their culture. Songs were sung
in Spanish, and other dialects they fully understand. In the lowlands of
Luzon, there are various religious beliefs that are experienced in almost
every Christian community. The Pabasa or the Pasyon, the Salubong,
the Flores de Mayo, the Santa Cruzan, and the Pastores are just some of
the many religious celebrations in the Philippines. These traditions are
practiced mostly by Catholics and uses a mixture of Spanish and Filipi-
no music

The PASYON or Pabasa is a nar-

rative of the Passion, Death, and Res-
urrection of Jesus Christ. It is written
in stanzas of five lines following a
strict number of syllables and rhymes.
The whole text is sung throughout the
lenten season, although some musical
elements vary in some provinces.

35
 After the Lenten season comes the
Easter season. This tradition starts with the
SALUBONG, a re-enactment of Christ’s
meeting with His mother, the Virgin Mary, on
the dawn of His resurrection. Here, a child
dressed as an angel is lowered by ropes from
a high platform to lift the mourning veil of
the grieving mother while other children
dressed in angel costumes sing the Regina
Coeli Laetare, meaning Queen of Heaven.
Like the Pasyon, its tune is different in every
province.

FLORES DE MAYO or the Flowers of May is a Catholic festival on the

month of May. The song Alay is sung while the flowers are being offered to
the image of the Virgin Mary. It is held in the church or chapel.

One of the most awaited and color-

ful religious celebration not only in Luzon
but also in other parts of the country is
the SANTA CRUZAN. It is a religious-
historical event that shows the finding of
the Holy Cross by the Queen Helena and
her son, Constantine the Great. Here,
sagalas and escorts show off in their
beautiful gown as the marching band ac-
companies the procession with the music
Dios te Salve (Hail Mary).

One of the popular celebrations in our country, Christmas, has also

its own share of localized religious activity. Bicolandia’s Pastores
(Shepherds), a Spanish introduced tradition in the late 1800s until now,
plays a major part in the yuletide celebration in the Bicol Region. This tradi-
tion is about the shepherds celebrating the birth of Christ through singing
and dancing. Musical groups composed mostly of children and youth perform
the song Pastores a Belen accompanied by strings and percussion instru-
ments, from house to house with their colorful costumes and decorative ar-
kos. Just like the popular caroling done everywhere during the Christmas
season, the home owners give money in return for the joyful musical perfor-
mance rendered.

Although most of the religious rites have western (Spanish) influence, some
have a fusion of indigenous Filipino musical forms and western Christian practic-
es.

36
 In Asia, the Philippines is the only Christian nation, in which majority of
the population are Roman Catholics and the remaining part of population be-
long to various Christian and Protestant denominations. Obviously, that is the
result of more than 300 years of Spanish colonization in our country. Our deep
faith in God is very much seen in our culture and tradition. Music, for example,
can be heard in all religious celebrations throughout the country.

Learning Task 1 :
Observe the different illustrations below. Group the pictures into two
according to characteristics or features and particular functions or events they
portray.

Stage
Electric Guitar Cross

Organ Altar Bible

Drumset Chalice Church's chair

Communion Kneeling person Classical Guitar

37
 Priest Pastor nun

People celebrating Stained glass Church

Security guard Bishop’s house Speaker

Audio mixer Spotlight Rock star

On the table below, write the label of the image on the space provided.
Create a hashtag name for the two groups of pictures. (ex. #angelic and
#worldly)

# 1. ___________________________________ # 2. _________________________________

38
 1. How did you come up with this kind of grouping?
2. What common factors did you notice in the pictures in group 1and 2?
3. Which group do you think has more Spanish influence? Why?

Learning Task 3 How would you react if...

a rock band accompanies the choir in the Holy Mass?

a beginner choir sings proudly during the mass?

the best choir in the parish sings a chorale arrangement of the pop song
“Ikaw at Ako” (sung by Moira) during the communion procession?

My Reactions

39
 A

Learning Task 4 Now that you have the idea of which parts of the mass
should be sung, here are some audio samples of those parts. After listening to
these songs, you are going to identify the musical elements that you have no-
ticed present in each song. Put an X on the space if the element is not present.

MELO- ME- TIM- TEX- DY-

Liturgical song TEMPO MOOD
DY TER BRE TURE NAMICS

Pag- aalaala (Gathering Song

https://you.tube/k5mpopJMsc

Ang Panginoon ang Aking Pastol

(Responsor ial Psalm)

https://you.tube/9dllni56yg

Aleluia Wikain Mo (Gospel Acclamation

https://you.tube/OpPuegsJery

Santo, santo (Holy, Holy)

https://yout.ubeOgNBwStiHxU

Si Kristo ay Gunitain (Memorial Ac-

camation

https://you.tube/uARil9xiiiil

40
@ Post test

Learning Task 5 Modified True or False. Write AMEN if the statement is true
and if not encircle the wrong word and write the correct answer on the space pro-
vided before each number.

_____________ 1. Our deep faith in God was adopted from the Portuguese.

_____________ 2. The Philippines is the only Christian nation in Asia.

_____________ 3. All types of music can be played in a Mass.

_____________ 4. Singing is another form of prayer

_____________ 5. The community is the main celebrant of the Holy Mass.

_____________ 6. Music Ministers are the ones responsible for choosing the songs
for the mass

_____________ 7. There are rules to be followed in selecting music for the

Liturgy
_____________ 8. There are no musical elements present in a liturgical music.

_____________ 9. All parts of the mass should be sung at all times.

_____________ 10. A chant is not a song.

_____________ 11. Julian Felipe is the first Filipino to compose a mass.

_____________ 12. The community must actively take part in every liturgical

celebration.

_____________ 13. Majority of our population are Christians.

_____________ 14.The lyrics or text of a liturgical song must be in accordance

to Catholic teaching

_____________ 15. The Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy gives rules about Litur-
gical Music

41
Key answer:

What I know (pp. 33)/ Post test (pp.40)

1. Spaniards– Portuguese

2. Amen

3. Not all-all

4. Amen

5. Priest– Community

6. Amen

7. Amen

8. There are– There are no

9. Not all– all parts

10. Not

11. Julian Felipe– Marcelo Adonay

12. Amen

13. Amen

14. Amen

15. Amen

Activity (pp.36-37

#Angelic # Worldly

Cross Stage

Altar Electric Guitar

Bible Drum set

Chalice Security guard

Church’s chair Speaker

Communion Rockstar

Kneeling person Audio Mixer

Priest Spotlight

Pastor Classical guitar

Nun

Stained glass

Church

Bishop’s house

Organ

42