Karlos Miguel C.

Nepales
XII – Platinum
A. Identify the subcellular organelle being described by the given functions below.

1. Products of the endoplasmic reticulum reach this organelle through the

transport vesicles where sorting and packaging of the products is done.
- Golgi Apparatus
2. This organelles destroys nonfunctional organelles and portions of cytoplasm,
breakdown wastes, ingests cells, and cellular debris delivered by other vesicles.
- Lysosomes
3. This organelle contains chromosomes that are carriers of genetic information.
- Nucleus
4. This organelle is very prominent in a plant cell. This is a versatile compartment
that stores organic nutrients, such as proteins and poisons that protect.
- Central Vacuole
5. It is an organelle known to perform photosynthesis in which the light energy
from the sun is converted to chemical energy and other organic molecules.
- Chloroplast
6. A cellular organelle is composed of small and large subunits that use
instructions from the nucleus to build proteins.
- Ribosomes
7. It forms vesicles that transport its synthesized lipids to other parts of the cell.
- smooth endoplasmic reticulum
8. This organelle specializes in synthesizing and breaking down lipids.
- Peroxisomes
9. This organelle converts the chemical energy of foods that produce most of the
cell’s ATP in the process of cellular respiration.
- Mitochondria
10. This organelle is known for having many ribosomes attached to it which makes
it produce and transport proteins.
- Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

A. Answer the following questions below.

1. The endoplasmic reticulum consists of two components. How will you

distinguish the two components of the endoplasmic reticulum in terms
of their structure and function?
- The rough and smooth ER are the two parts that make up the
endoplasmic reticulum (Endoplasmic Reticulum). Their names' meaning
reveals their respective structures in a very apparent manner. Regarding
the visual input that is displayed in the module, the rough ER appears
rough, and the smooth ER appears smooth. Since they both transport
molecules to different sections of the cell, the majority of their functions
match. The smooth ER has no ribosomes connected to it, but the rough ER
has many associated ribosomes that create proteins that will be
incorporated into the developing endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Ion
storage is another job for the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
2. A plant cell is known for having a large central vacuole which covers
almost 90% of the cell structure. Aside from storing water and nutrients,
what is the main importance of having this large vacuole in a plant cell?
- By absorbing water and inducing cell expansion, it also helps plants
grow. Along with water and enzymes, vacuoles also contain a few weak
acids that contribute to their somewhat acidic pH. Due to their
immobility, cells store a lot of food and water in vacuoles, which are also
 large enough to offer the cell turgidity and, as a result, provide structural
support.
3. The chloroplast is the center of photosynthesis in plant cells. Just like
mitochondria, it is also known in processing energy for cellular activity.
How does the chloroplast differ from the mitochondria?
- In mitochondria, the inner membrane is folded into cristae. Another
membrane that creates thylakoids is enclosed by the inner membrane in
chloroplasts. The majority of eukaryotic cells (including animals, plants,
fungi, and protists) include mitochondria, which are responsible for
cellular respiration, but only plants and algae have chloroplasts.