LL.

B.Hon.
(VI
IISem.
)
Dr
aft
ing/
Pleadi
ngandConvey
anci
ng-I
I
Uni
t–I
(Syl
labus)
Unit
-I:Fundament alRul
eofPleadi
ng:MeaningandDef ini
ti
onofPl
eadi
ng,Hist
ory
/Obj
ectand
I
nterpret
ati
on.Rul
esofPleadi
ng:
General
andFundament
al,
AmendmentofPl
eadi
ng.

Civ
il:Pl ai
nt,Writ
ten St
atement,Int
erl
ocutor
yAppl i
cat
ion,Or
iginalPet
it
ion,Af
fi
davi
t,Execut
ion
Petit
ion,Memorandum ofAppealandRevisi
on,Pet
it
ionunderAr
ticle226and32oftheConsti
tut
ion
ofIndia.

Uni
tWi
sePr
evi
ousYearQuest
ionPaperofLucknowUni
ver
sit
y

LL.
B.Hon.(
Semest
er-
VII
I)Year–2012
LongQuest i
on–
Q.1- Towhatext entt hepar ticular sgiveni nor derVI I,rule1,C. P.C.Suf f
icientf ort hepur poseof
drafti
nga‘ Plaint’Dr aftapl ai ntforthesui tofdef amat ion?
,do kni =dk sr S
;k
jdj usdsfy,lh 0ih0
lh0ds vkns
”
kVI Ifu;e1e a
snhx;hvk o”;drk,adgk¡rdI k;k
Z
Irg S
a
\e k
ug k
f
u
dsokng s
rq,do k
ni =r S
;k
jdh f
t, A
Q.2- Whati swr it
tenst atement?I sitacal lofNat uraljusti
ce?Dr aftawr it
tenst at ementagai nsta
suitofanacci dentcl aim.
tokcuk
e kD;kg S\D ;k;g, du S
lfxZdU;k;dhi q
dk
jg S
a\n q
?k
Z
Vukds nk
osds f
o#), dto kcuke
kr S
;kjdhft,A
ShortQuestion–
Q.1- Whatdoy oumeanbyPl eadi ng? vfH
k
o puls vkidkD ;kvFkZgS
\
Q.2- Whati sapl aint?Howdoesi tdifferfrom asui t? O
kk
ni=D ;kgS\;gdS ls,do knlsfH
kU
Ukgk
s
rkgS
\
LL. B.Hon.( Semest er-VII
I)Year–2013
(NewCour se)
Q.1- Whatar ethegener alandf undament alrul
esofpl eadings?Di scusst hem.
vfH
kopuds lke k
U;, oaew
yHkrf
w u ;eD ;kgS
a\b udhfoo
pu
s kdh f
t, A
Q.2- Draftapl aintf orthesui tofv acat i
ngt hehouseofy ourcl i
ent, whichhasbeeni llegall
yoccupied
inthedef endant .
viusd{khdk
jds edkudk s[kk
yhdj kusdsfy,o k
ng s
rq,do k
ni=r S
;kjdhft,mli z
f
rok
n hds f
o#)f tlusvoS
/
kk
fud:Ik
lsvkids d{
kh
dk je dkui jdC tkdjf y;kgS
A
ShortQuestion–
Q.1- Impor tanceofpl eadi ngi nl egal profession? f
of/
kdO ;olk;e a
s
vfHk
o pudke gRo\
Q.2- Diff
erencebet weenapl aintaandwr i
ttenstatement ? O k
kni=, oatokcuk
eke s
af
Hk
Uurk\
Q.3- Causeofact ion? okng s
rq
\

LL.B.(Semester-
VI)Year–2014
(NewCour se)
Q.
1- Whati splaint?Ar ethepart
icul
arsprovi
dedinRul e1or
derVIIaresuff
ici
entf
orthepr
epar
ati
on
ofapl ai
nt ?Discussitpoi
nti
ngoutt hemainpartsofaplai
nt.
O
kni=D ;kgS \vkns
”k7]f
u;e1e a
smi
cfU
/k
rfo”k
s
’
krk
,a,do k
ni=dk
sRk
S
;k
jdj u
ses
aI
k;k
Z
I
rg S
a\ok
ni=dseq
[
;vaxk
a
sdk
s
bf
a
xrdj r
sg q
,bldhf o
os
pukdh
ft,
A
Q.
2- Discusst hefollowing:
f
uEufyf
[krdhf o
o s
pukdhf
t,%

1
 (
a)Amendmentofpl eadings
vfH
k
opu k
s
adkla”k
k
/
sk
u
(
b)Alt
ernativepleadings
oS
dfY
idvf Hk
opu
(
c)Cri
mi nalpleading(Pleadi
ngunderCr
imi
nal
Law)
.
vki
jkf
/k
dvf H
kopu¼ vk
ijk
f
/kdfo
f/
kea
s
vfH
ko
pu½

ShortQuest
ion–
Q.1- Meaning,historyandi mport
anceofpleading? vfH
kopudkb f
rgk
l]vFk
Z,o
aegR
o
Q.2- Whatisther oleofr el
iefasapartofplai
nt? O
kkni
=e s
a
,d va
xds :I
ke a
svu
q
rks
’
kdhD ;kH
k
f
wedk
gS
\
Q.3- Whataremat eri
al f
acts? lk
jH
kw
rrF;D ;kgS
a\
Q.4- Howar ethepl aint
iffanddefendantdecidedbyadraftman?vf H
kys
[k
ddSlso
knh,oai
z
fro
knhr;djrk
gS
\
Q.5- Whatisequi tableset-off
? lk
f
E;deqtjk
b Z
D;kgS\

LL. B.( Semest er-

VI)Year–2016
(NewCour se)
Q.1- Whatdoy oumeanbyt heobj ectivesandi mpor tanceofpleading?Di scuss.
vfHk
opuds mn ~
ns
”;, oa
e gRols vkiD ;kle >rs g
a
s\foos
pukdhf
t,A
Q.2- Whati swr ittenst atement ,andi tsr ationali
ty?Draftawr i
tt
enst atementoni maginaryf
acts?
to k
cu k
ek, oa bldhU ;k;la xr rkD ;kg S\dk Yifudr F;k
a
sdsvk/
kk
jij, dtokcukekrS
;k
jdhft,A
ShortQuest i
on–
Q.1- Whati sdr afting?Howdoesi tdi fferf rom wr i
ti
ng?
Mªk
f
¶V xD
a ;kg S\;gys [kls dSls f
Hk
Uug S\
Q.2- Whati spl eadi ng?
vfHk
opuD ;kg S
\
Q.3- Whati sdeponentandi tsdut y ?
“ki
FkhD;kg S \, o ablds dr Z
O
;D ;kg S\
Q.4- Whencanapl aintbeamended?
ok
ni =dkla ”kk
s
/kudcg k
sldr kg S\
Q.5- Whati sat empor aryi njunct ion?Dr af tit
.
vLFk
k;hO ;k
n s
”kD ;kg S\i z
ysf
[krdh f
t, A
Q.6- Whati sanF. I.R.?Dr af tit.
,Q0vk bZ
0vkj0D ;kg S\iz
ysf[krdh ft, A
Q.7- Whati spowerofat torney ?Whatar ei tskinds?
eq
[rkjukekD ;kg S
], oa;gf dr us iz
dkjds gS
a \
2018
LongQuest i
ons–
Q.1- Whatdoy oumeanby‘ pleadi ng’ ?Br ieflydiscussitsori
gin,hi
storyandi mportance.
vfHk
opuls vk iD ;kle >r sgS
a
\la {
ks
ie a
sbldhmR i
fÙk
]bfr
gkl, o
aegR
odhf o
os
pu kdhft,A
Q.2- Whati s‘Wr ittenSt at ement ’?Whatar eitsmai ncomponent s?Dr afti
tony ourimaginar
yfact
s.
fyf
[krdF k
u¼ to kcukek
½D ;kg S
\b lds e q
[;va xD ;kgS
\dk
a Y
ifudr F
;ks
a
ijblsi z
k
#firdhf
t,A
ShortQuest i
ons–
Q.1- Essent ialsofgooddr afting
vPNs iz
k
#i .kdhvk o ”
;dr k,¡
Q.2- Funct ionsofpl eading
vfHk
opuds dk ;Z
Q.3- Draf taNot aryAf fi
dav it
ukV
sjh“kiFk
&i =i z
k#firdh ft,

2
Q.
4- Legalgr
oundsi
naplai
nt
O
kk
ni =es
af
of
/k
dvk
/k
kj
Assi
gnment/Test
Uni
t–I
LongQuesti
on–
Q.1- Whatarethegener alandf undament alr
ulesofpl eadings?Discusst hem. ( 2013Hons.)(
2013,
2014)
n.Mdsfo
fH
kU
uf l)k
Urk
s
adhO ;k[
;kdhft,Avkidsf
opkjlsorZ
eku;q
xe a
s
dkS
u&lkfl)kU
rlc ls
vf/k
dmi ;q
D
rgS\
Q.2- Whatdoy oumeanby‘ Pl
aint’
?Dr af
taplaintforthesui tofmal i
ciousprosecuti
on.
O
kk
nii=lsvkidkD;kvk ”
k;g S\nq
jH
kk
ovf H
k
;ktug
s r
sq,
do kn&i=r S
;kjdh
ft,A
Q.3- Whyi swrit
tenst atementneededbyt heCour t?Pr epareawr i
ttenstatementbasingony our
ownfacts.
tok
cuk
ekdhvk o”
;dr kU;k
;ky;dk s
D ;k
s
agk
s
rhgS
\vi usrF
;ks
aijvk/kk
f
jrdj rs
gq
,, dto k
cuk
ekr S
;k
jdhf
t,A

LongAnswer
s
Q.1- Whatar
ethef
undament
alr
ulesofpl
eadi
ngs?Di
scussi
t
Ans.
-
Thisanswershal lconsistoff oll
owingi mpor t
antpoi nts:
I
nl egalproceedi
ngst hepar ti
esmaket heirsubmi ssionst othecourtnarr
atingthereinthe
factsandt herel
iefsoughtf ortheircase.Thenar r
ationssomadear ecalledpleadingsand
mayi ncludeclai
m andanswert othesai dclaim bytheopponent .Accordingto0.6, r
ule1
pleadingshallmeanpl aintorwr it
tenstatementwhi chi sanexhausti
vemeani ngofpl eadi
ngs.
1.Accor dingtoorder6r ule2ev erypleadingshal lcontai
nandcont ai
nonl y,astatement
inaconcisef or
m oft hemat eri
alfactsonwhi cht hepar
tyrel
iesforhisclaim or
defenseast hecasemaybebutnotev idencebywhi chtheyareproved.

2.Pl
eadi
ngmustst
ateonl
ythef
actandnotl
aw.

3.Everypl
eadingshall
,whennecessarybediv
idedi
ntoparagr
aphs,numbered
consecut
ively
,eachall
egat
ionbeing,sof
orasisconveni
ent,cont
ainedi
nsepar
ate
paragr
aph.

I
tiswellsettl
ednowt hatwithoutpleadi
ngs,afactcannotepr ov
edev enbyev i
dence.Thiswasheld
byDel
hiHi ghCour ti
nSant oshShar mav s.AshokKumar ,adivor
cepet i
ti
onunders.13( 1)(
a)ofthe
Hi
nduMar riageAct,1955.TheHi ghCourtgr
anteddiv
orceont hebasi
st hatthewif
ebulledhusband’
s
maleorganscausi ngpainandi njur
y.Nopleadingweremadet othi
sef fectandsuchcouldnotbe
pr
ovedbyev i
dence.Thegr antofdi vor
ceont hi
sgroundwi t
houtther
ebei nganypleadi
ngswashel d
i
mproper.
I
nlegalproceedi
ngs,t
heparti
esmaket hei
rsubmissionstothecourtnarr
ati
ngt herei
nthe
f
actsandt her
eliefsoughtf
orthei
rcase.Thenarrati
onssomadear ecall
edpleadingsandmay
i
ncl
udeclai
m andanswert othesai
dclai
m bytheopponent.Accordi
ngto0.6,r
ule1pl eadi
ngshal
e
meanplai
ntorwritt
enstat
ementwhi
chisanexhausti
vemeani ngofpl
eadi
ngs.
Itistheburdenoft hepartytospeci
fi
call
ypleadhis/hercase.Iti
sequallywellset
tl
edthat
whateverhasnotbeenpleadedcannotbepermittedtobepr ovedandthecourtcannotsetupanew
casewhichhadnotbeenpl eadedbyapartyconsequentl
y,theafor
esaidi
nstanceoftheappell
ant
’s
al
legedcruelconductcannotbelookedint
ofornon-pleadi
ngandt hecourthascommi tt
edapatent

3
i
l
legal
i
tyi
ngr
ant
ingt
hedecr
eeofdi
vor
ceofont
hesai
dgr
ound.
I
npleadi
ngsal lt
hefactsofone’scaseforrel
i
efmustbeplacedbef
orethecour
t.Anot
her
fundamentalpr
inci
pleofpl
eadi
ngsisthatt
hepleadi
ngsshoul
dcont
ainmat
eri
alf
actswhi
chthepar
ty
pleadi
ngreli
esforhi
sclai
m ordef
ense.
Accordi
ngt oorder6,rul
e2ev er
ypleadi
ngshallcontai
nandcontainonl
y,ast
atementi
na
conciseform oft
hemat eri
alf
actsonwhichthepart
yrel
iesforhi
scl
aim ordef
ense,
asthecasemay
be,butnottheevidencebywhichtheyar
etoproved.
Everypleadi
ngshall
,whennecessar
y,bedivi
dedint
oparagr
aphs,number
edconsecut
ivel
y,
eachal
legat
ionbeing,
soforasi
sconveni
ent,
cont
ainedi
nasepar
ateparagr
aph.
Dat
es,
sumsandnumber
sshal
lbeexpr
essedi
napl
eadi
ngi
nfi
gur
esaswel
lasi
nwor
ds.
Pleadingmustst ateonlythefact
sandnott hel aw asi tasforthecour ttofindoutand
exami
neal lpleasoflawt hatmayapplytothef acts.Thepl eadi
ngsmustal socontainmat er
ialf
act
s
andmat eri
alparti
cul
ars,asomission,
tostat
emat eri
alfactsandomi ssi
ontogivefullpar
ti
cularsmay
befat
alt othecaseoft heparty,asmater
ialfactsshowt hecauseofact i
oninfavouroft heplai
nti
ff
anddefenseoft hedefendant.
Thepleadi
ngsshouldnotonl ytoconcisedbutmustalsobepr éci
sed.Al
thoughthepl eadi
ngs
arerequir
edtobei nbriefbutwithaccur
acyandcer tai
nty
.Pleadi
ngsmustbecl earanddef ini
teand
shouldnotbesacrif
icedforthesakeofbrevit
y.Theconstr
ucti
onofpleadi
ngsshouldbesuchbesuch
soast oexpresswithhighdegreeofcertaint
yinordertofaci
li
tat
etheopponenttoexactlyknowt he
casehei scal
ledupontomeet .Ageneralchargeofcorr
upti
oncannotbeallowedinapleading.
Thecorrupt
ionmustbespeci fi
cal
lyall
egedi nthepleading.Itfoll
owst hatexactnatur
eof
cor
rupt
ionshouldbementionedsot hatopposit
epar t
ymustreplymustr eplyandsubmi thi
sdefence
i
nrelat
iontotheparti
cul
arallegati
onofcor r
uption.I
fpreci
sionisl acki
nginthepleadingsthevery
pur
poseandobjecti
veofpl
eadi ngstoknowther eali
ssueofcontr
ov ersywouldbedefeated.
I
nthecont extt
hatthepleadi
ngsshouldbeconci sed,i
tisrel
evantt
ounderst
andthatnamesof
personsandplaces,ifrelevant
,mustbement ionedwi thclar
ityandaccuracyTheuseofpr onouns
shouldbeav oi
dedandi nsteadplai
nti
ffor‘
Defendant’ast hecasemaybeshoul dbeusedotherwise
usi
ngpr onoun‘he’maysomet imescreat
eambiguity
.
Thepleadingsshould beclearand specif
ic,alt
houghinaconci seform so ast o avoid
ambiguityandragueness,inordertoopposit
epar tytoknow thecasehei srequir
edtomeett he
cheat
ingmustbepl eadedwi
thpart
icul
ari
ty,
i.
e.cheati
ngdoneinmoneyt r
ansact
ion,cheat
ingdoneby
tamperingofdocument set
ctheexactnatur
eofcheatingshoul
dbepleaded.
I
tisal
sonecessarytogivecer
tai
ndetai
l
sinpl
eadingwhichar
ereasonable.Asamat t
eroff
act
part
icul
arsaredetai
l
sessent i
altobeincor
porat
edi
nt hepleadi
ngsastogi v
eaf ai
rchancetothe
opponenttobutuphisdefence.
I
nthecaseofassaul
t,t
hepl
eadi
ngshoul
dcontai
nthepar
ti
cul
arsoft
hedate,t
ime,t
heplaceof
commi
ssi
onoftheact
.Thesepar
ti
cul
arsar
enecessar
ytobeknowntoopponentt
odefendthecase.
Asagener alrul
e,t
hereshouldnotbeanyv ari
ati
onbetweenthepleadi
ngandtheproof
.The
ev
idenceshouldbeadducedonpl eadi
ngsonlyandnotother
wise.Apar
tycannotbeper
mit
tedtogi
ve
ev
idenceforbuil
dingupacaseinconstantofi
tspl
eadi
ngs.
-
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Q.
2- Whatdoy
oumeanby‘
plai
nt’
?Dr
aftapl
aintf
ort
hesui
tofI
njunct
ionRest
rai
ningnui
sance.
Ans.
-

4
 Thisanswershallconsistoffollowingi
mportantpoi
nts:
Aplainti
sthebasi sofpreferr
ingonesclaiminacourtoflawandhenceiti
saveryi
mportant
document.Therefore,beforeframingaplai
ntiti
sessenti
alt
oascert
ainastowhatpar
ti
cular
s
arenecessar
ytoi nclude.

Or
derVI
Irul
e1say
sthatt
hepl
aintshal
lcont
aint
hef
oll
owi
ngpar
ti
cul
ars.

1.Thenameoft
hecour
t

2.Thenameoft
hepar
ti
es

3.Thef
actconst
it
uti
ngt
hecauseofact
ionandwher
eitar
ose.

4.Ther
eli
efcl
aimedbyt
hepl
aint
if
f.

5.Thepar
tsshowi
ngt
hatt
hecour
thasj
uri
sdi
cti
on.

Theplaintisadocumentf orinst
it
uti
ngasui tinthepropercourtoflaw.I
tisaveryimportant
documentwhi chi sdraftedbyapl eaderinconsultati
onwi thhi
scli
ent.Acivil
sui
tshal
lbeinst
it
utedby
presenti
ngapl ai
ntt ot hecourt.Asweknow t hatt her
ear edif
fer
entgr adesofcourt
si naSt ate
accordi
ngt opecuni ary,terr
it
orialorotherexclusivej ur
isdi
cti
onwithr egardt
othesubjectmatt er
.
Everysuitshal
l beinsti
tutedinthecompet entcour t
.
Theplai
ntist hebasisofpreferr
ingone’
scl
aiminacourtofl aw andhenceiti
sav ery
i
mportantdocument.Therefor
e,beforef r
ami
ng apl
ainti
tisessent
ialto ascer
tai
nasto what
par
ti
cular
sarenecessar
ytoincl
ude.
Or
derVI
I,
Rul
e1say
sthatt
hepl
aintshal
lcont
aint
hef
oll
owi
ngpar
ti
cul
ars:
1.Thenameoft
hecour
tinwhi
cht
hesui
tisbr
ought
.
2.Thename,
descr
ipt
ionandpl
aceofr
esi
denceofpl
aint
if
fanddef
endant
,
3.Wherethepl
aint
if
fordef
endanti
sami
nororaper
sonofunsoundmi
ndast
atementt
othat
ef
fect
.
4.Thef
act
sconst
it
uti
ngt
hecauseofact
ionandwher
eitar
ose.
5.Thepar
tsshowi
ngt
hatt
hecour
thasj
uri
sdi
cti
on.
6.Ast
atementoft
hev
alueofsubj
ectmat
teroft
hesui
tfort
hepur
poseofj
uri
sdi
cti
onandcour
t
f
ee.
7.Ther
eli
efcl
aimedbyt
hepl
aint
if
f
8.Wher
ethepl
aint
if
fhasal l
owedaset
-of
forr
eli
nqui
shedapor
ti
onofhi
scl
aim,t
heamountor
al
l
owedorr
eli
nquished;
9.Wherethe sui
tisf oraccounts ormesne prof
itorf ormov abl
es i
n possessi
on oft
he
def
endant
sorfordebtwhichcannotbedet
erminedtheapproxi
mateval
uethereof
;
10.
Wheret hesubj
ectmatterofthesui
tisimmovabl
eproper
tyadescr
ipt
ionoft
hepr
oper
ty
suf
fi
cienttoi
dent
it
yit
,boundar
ies,
sur
reynumber
set
c.
11.
Wher esui
tist
imebar
red,t
hegr
ounduponwhi
cht
heexempt
ionf
rom t
hel
awofl
i
mit
ati
oni
s
clai
med.

5
Mai
npoi
nts-
1.Par
ti
est
osui
t
2.Causeofact
ion
3.Jur
isdi
cti
onofcour
t
4.Val
uat
ion
5.Li
mit
ati
on
6.Rel
i
ef
7.Admi
ssi
onofpl
aint
8.Ret
urnofpl
aint
I
njuct
ionsui
tforr
est
rai
ningNui
sance(
Plai
nt)
-
I
ntheCour
tofCi
vi
lJudge(
J.D.
)Bar
abanki
…………………………………….
.of2014
‘
A’S/
oB,
age52Yr
s.r
/o105/
2Rai
l
waySt
ati
onRoad,
Bar
abanki
………………………………Pl
aint
if
f
Vs
‘
C’S/
oDage45Yr
s.R/
o110/
3Rai
l
wayst
ati
onRoad,
Bar
abanki
……………………………….Def
endant

Thehumbl
esubmi
ssi
onofpl
aint
if
fabov
enamedmostr
espect
ful
l
yst
atedasunder
:
1.Thatt
hepl
aint
if
fist
heownerofhouseno105/
2si
tuat
edatRl
yst
ati
onRoadBar
abanki
.
2.Thatther
ei sPlotNo.106j
ustadj
acentt
othehouseoft
hepl
aint
if
fwhi
chi
sint
he owner
shi
p
ofthedefendant‘C’
3.ThatonFeb.10,2013t hedefendanterect
edonhi ssai
dpl
otasl
aught
erhousewi
thout
i
nfor
mingandt
akingconsentofthepubl
i
coft hel
ocal
i
ty.
4.Thatfrom t
hatdaytil
ltodaycatt
learebr oughtther
eandslaught
eredonthatspotwhi
ch
creat
esanannoy i
ngatmospherethroughouttheday .Thedef
endantthr
owsallbl
oodand
bonesonthest
reetwhi
chmakesal ocali
tyi
nhabit
able.
5.Thattheacti
onoft hedef
endanthascreatednui
sanceinthel
ocali
tyandanoti
cewasgi
vento
thedefendantbythepubli
cofthelocal
itythatt
heslaught
er-
housebeshif
tedfr
om t
hatpl
ace
tosomewher eel
se.
6.Thatt
hecauseofacti
onar oseonFeb,102013andf
urt
heron25Feb,2013whent
henot
ice
wasserv
eduponthedefendant.
7.Thatt
heval
uati
onofthesui
tisRs.1000f
ort
hepur
poseofCour
tfeeandj
uri
sdi
cti
on.TheRs.
150ascour
tfeepai
d.
8.Thatthepar
ti
esr
esi
dewi
thi
nthel
ocalj
uri
sdi
cti
onoft
hecour
tandt
hecour
tiscompet
entt
o
tr
ythesui
t.
9.Thepl
aint
if
fpr
aysf
ort
hef
oll
owi
ngr
eli
efs:
(
a)The def
endantbe rest
rai
ned byt
he per
manenti
njunct
ion f
rom cr
eat
ing anyf
urt
her
nui
sanceint
helocal
i
ty.
(
b)Thatt
hesl
aught
erhousebeor
der
edt
obeshi
ft
edt
osomeot
herl
ocal
i
ty.
(
c)Anyot
herandf
urt
herr
eli
efast
hecour
tmaydeem f
itandpr
operi
ntheci
rcumst
ancesof

6
 t
hecase.
Sd.
-Pl
aint
if
f
Sd.
-Counsel
(Adv
ocat
e)
Ver
if
icat
ion
I
,Adoherebyveri
fythatt
hecontentsofparas1to8ofthepl
aintar
et r
uetomypersonal
knowl
edge,
Isi
gnedthepl
aintandthev
erif
icat
ioncl
auseondat
e……….
,2014inthecompoundoft
he
cour
t.
Sd.
-Pl
aint
if
f
-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-
Q.3- Whyi
swr
it
tenst
atementneededbyt
hecour
t?Pr
epar
eawr
it
tenst
atementbasi
ngony
our
ownfact
s
Ans.
-
Thisanswershal lconsistoff ol
lowi ngimportantpoints:
Wr i
ttenst atementgener all
ymeanst herepl
yf i
eldbythedef endantt oanswertheclaim
pleasedbyt heplainti
ffinhis.Wr i
ttenstatementsubmi t
tedbyt hedef endantpr
ovidest hehelp
tothecour tonarrivi
ngcor rectjudgment .Thedef endantinhi swrit
tenstatementcanr aise
preli
mi naryobjecti
onwhi chshoul dbedeci dedint hefi
rstinstancebef or
ethetri
alofsui ton
mer it
soft hecase.Preliminaryobject i
onmaybei nregardt omai nt
ainabil
it
yofsuit,l
imi t
ati
on
periodl ocusstandioft hepl ai
ntif
ftot hesuit
.
Accor dingt oorderVIII
,Rule10-
1.Li keaplainti
ffthedef endanti nboundt oproduceal lthedocumenti nsupportofhi s
defenseorcl ai
m orset offorcount erclai
m whichar ei nhi
spossessi ng.

2.Thedeni
almustbespeci
fi
ed.Iti
snotsuff
ici
entforadef
endanti
nhi
swr
it
ten
st
atementt
odenythegroundsall
egedbytheplai
nti
ff
.

3.Thedenialshoul
dnotbevagueorev
asiv
ewheredef
endantswanttodenyany
al
legat
ionoffactint
hepl
ainthemustdosocl
ear
lyspeci
fi
cal
lyandexpl
ici
tl
y.

Wr i
tt
enstatementgener al
l
ymeanst her eplyfi
ledbyt hedefendanttoanswert heclai
m and
pleasraisedbythepl ai
ntif
finhisplai
nt.Wri
ttenstatementsubmi t
tedbyt hedef endantprovi
dethe
helptot hecourtonar ri
v i
ngcorrectj
udgment .The defendantinhi swrittenstatementcanr ai
se
preli
minaryobj
ectionwhichshouldbedecidedi nthefir
sti
nstancebeforethet r
ialofsui
tonmer it
sof
thecase.Pr el
i
mi naryobjecti
onmaybei nregardt omaintai
nabil
i
tyofsui t,li
mitati
onperiod,l
ocus
standioftheplai
ntif
ftofi
lethesuit.

Thedefendantmayst at
eaddi
ti
onalfact
sotherthanthef
act
sstat
edinthewri
tt
enstat
ementwhil
e
givi
ngpara-
wiserepl
ytothepl
aint
.Suchaddi
ti
onalfact
sorpl
easmaybeaddedasaddi
ti
onalpl
easi
n
thewri
tt
enstatement.

OrderVIIIoft
hecodeofci
vilpr
ocedurel
aysdownthepr
ov i
sionf
orf
il
li
ngofawr
it
tenstat
ement
.The
defendantshall
,wi
thi
nthi
rt
yday sfrom t
hedateofser
viceofsummonsonhim,presentawri
tt
en

7
st
atementofhi
sdef
ence,

Providedt
hatwherethedefendantfai
lst
of i
let
hewritt
enst atementwi
thi
nthesaidperi
odofthi
rt
y
days,heshal
lbeallowedtofil
et hesameonsuchot herday ,asmaybespecif
iedbythecour
t,f
or
reasonstoberecordedinwriti
ng,butwhichshal
lnotbel attert
hanni
netydaysfrom t
hedateof
servi
ceofsummons.

Accor
dingt
oor
derVI
II
,Rul
e10–

Ifadefendantfai
l
stopresentawri
tt
enstatementdespit
eofcour
t’
sorderthecourtshal
lpr
onounce
j
udgmentagai nsthim,ormake such orderinrelat
ion t
othesuitasi tthi
nksf itand on t
he
pronouncementofsuchjudgmentadecr
eeshallbedrawnup.Allt
hefundamentalrul
eofpleadi
ngs
applytoawrit
ten.

Or
derVI
IIRul
e1t
o5and7t
o10deal
swi
thspeci
alpoi
ntsr
egar
dingf
il
ingwr
it
tenst
atement
-

1.Li
keaplai
nti
fft
hedefendantinboundtoproduceal
lthedocumenti
nsuppor
tofhi
sdef
enseor
cl
aim,
orset-
offorcount
erclai
m whichar
ei nhi
spossessi
ng.

2.Thedeni
almustbespeci
fi
ed.Iti
snotsuff
ici
entf
oradef
endanti
nhi
swr
it
tenst
atementt
o
denyt
hegroundsal
l
egedbythepl
aint
if
f,

3.Thedenialshoul
dnotbevagueorevasi
vewher
edefendantwantt
odenyanyal
l
egat
ionoff
act
i
ntheplainthemustdosoclear
lyspeci
fi
cal
l
yandexpl
ici
tl
y.

Wr
it
tenst
atement

I
ntheCour
tofCi
vi
lJudge(
J.D.
)Bar
abanki

Sui
tNo………………………of2014

‘
A’S/
oB,
age52Yr
s.r
/o105/
2Rai
l
waySt
ati
onRoad,
Bar
abanki
………………………………Pl
aint
if
f
Vs
‘
C’S/
oDage45Yr
s.R/
o110/
3Rai
l
wayst
ati
onRoad,
Bar
abanki
……………………………….Def
endant

Wr
it
tenst
atementonbehal
fofdef
endanti
sasf
oll
ows:
1.Thatt
hecont
ent
sofPar
a1,
2,
3,
4to6oft
hepl
aintar
edeni
ed.
2.Thatcont
ent
sofPar
a7and8oft
hepl
aintneedsnor
epl
y.
Addi
ti
onalpl
eas
9.Thatforer
ect
ingasl
aught
erhouset
her
equi
redper
missi
onhasbeenobt
ainedf
rom appr
opr
iat
e
aut
hor
it
y.
10.Thatt
her
eisnonui
sanceonaccountoft
hesl
aught
erhouse.
11.Thatondemandoft
hepubl
i
cthesai
dsl
aught
erhousehasbeenest
abl
i
shed.
12.Thatt
her
ewasnocauseofact
ionf
ort
hesui
t.
Sd.
-Def
endant

8
 Sd.
-Counsel
(Adv
ocat
e)
Ver
if
icat
ion
I,
Cdoher ebyv er
if
ythatt
hecontentsofpar
as1t o8ofthewr i
tt
enstat
ementaretr
uetomyper sonal
knowledgeandpar as9to12aretruebasi
sofassist
ancetakenbycounsel
.Isi
gnedthew.s.andthe
veri
fi
cati
onclauseondate…..
2014i nt
heCourtcompound.
Sd.
-Def
endant

9
 Uni
t–I
I
(Sy
ll
abus)
Unit
-I
I:Cr i
minal:Compl
aint
,Cr
imi
nalMi
scel
l
aneousPet
it
ion,Bai
lAppl
i
cat
ion,Memor
andum of
AppealandRevi
sion.

Uni
tWi
sePr
evi
ousYearQuest
ionPaperofLucknowUni
ver
sit
y

LL.B.Hon.( Semest er-VIII

)Year–2012
LongQuest i
on–
Q.1- Discusst hef oll
owi ng?
(i
)Ev erypleadi ngmustst atefactsandnowl aw.
(i
i)Itmustst ateal lmat eri
al f
actsandmat erialfactsonly
.
fuE
ufyf[k
rdhf oos
pu kdhf
t,%
(i
)iz
R;s
dvf H
kopur F;k
s
adkdF k
udh f
t,uf dfof/
kdk
(i
i);glH khin k
FkZ
e;vkSjdsoyi nk
Fk
Z
e;r F;k
s
adkdF k
udh ft,A
Q.2- Whatdoy oumeanbyf ol
lowing:
(i
)Al t
ernativ ePl eas
(i
i)Inconsist entPl eas
fuE
ufyf[k
rls vkiD ;kle>r sgS
a\
(i
)oS
dfY i
dn yhysa
(i
i)vlaxrn yhysA
a
ShortQuestion–
Q.1- Ondeni altol odgeanF. I.
R.U/ S154( i)Cr.PC.Whatwi l
lbeyournextst
ep?Draftit
.
n.Mi z
f
Ø;kla f
grkdh/kkj
k154¼1½ds vUrxZ
riz
Fk
elwpu
kjiVdsntZdj
usdk
sbU
dkjdj
usi
jvk
idk
vxykdn eD ;kg k
s
xkAb lsrS
;kjdhf
t, A
Q.2- Whati sanOat h?Howdoesi tdifferfrom anaf fi
dav i
t?
“k
iFkD;kg S\;gdS ls“k
iFk&i=ls f
Hk
Uugks
rhgS\
Q.3- Whati sapet i
tion?Whatar eitsmai nparts?
;kf
pdkD ;kgS \b lds iz
eq
[kHk
kxD;kg S\

LL.B.Hon.(Semester-
VII
I)Year–2013
(
NewCour se)
Q.
1- Whati sanappl icati
onunderSect i
on156( 3)ofCr .
P.C.?Whenisi tneeded?Draf
tsuchan
application.
n.Mi z
fØ;klafgrkdh/kk
jk15
6¼3
½dsvUr
xZrdkS
u&lki
z
kFk
Z
uk
&i=gkr
skgS
\bldhvk
o”;drkdci M+
r
hgS
\,ls
s i
z
kFk
Z
uk
&i=
dksrS
;kjdh f
t, A
Q.
2- Draftt hefollowing:
(i
)Cr iminal compl ai
nt
(i
i)Memor andum ofcr i
mi nal
appeal
.
f
uEuf
yf [krls vkiD;kle >rs
gS
a\
(i
)vki jk
f/
kdi fj
oknA
(i
i)vkijkf
/k
dvi h
yL ej.k
&i=A

ShortQuesti
on–
Q.1- DraftanFirstI
nformationReportv/s154Cr.P.C.f
ortheoffencesU/S302,34and201I.
P.C.
lh
0vkj
0ih
0lh0dh/ k
k
jk154dsvUrxZ
rvk
bZ
0ih0
lh0dh/kk
jk
,a30
2]34, o
a20
1dsvUrxZ
rgk
s
uso
kys
vijk
/
kk
s
ads
lEcU
/kea
s,dizF
kelwpukji
Vr S
;k
jdhf
t,A
Q.2- Whati sbail
?Dr aftanappli
cati
onforanoffencewhichisbailabl
e.
Tk
ekurD;kgS\te k
u rh
;vi j
k/
kdhteku
rds f
y,,di z
k
Fk
Z
uk
&i=dksrS
;k
jdh f
t,A

10
 LL.B.( Semester-
VI )Year–2014
(NewCour se)
Q.1- Whati sbai l
,andi t
spr ov i
sionsi nt hecodeofcr iminalprocedure?Draftabai lappli
cati
onfor
youcl ientwhohasbeeni mplicatedi nthecaseUS376( rape)and302( mur der)andSecti
on
201( screeningoutev i
dence) ,I.P.C.
tekur, oatek
u rlE cU
/k
hiz
ko/k
ku]n .
Mi z
f
Ø;klaf
grkes
aD;kg S\vi u
seq
ofD
dyds fy,teku
ri z
kFkZ
uk
&i=rS
;kjdh
f
t,
ftls/k
kjk37
6¼c ykR
dkj½302¼gR;k½,oa201¼lk{
;xk;cdj us
½Hk
k
jrh;n .
Mlafg
rkvijk
/k
k
a
sdseke
ys es
avk
jk
s
fi
rfd;kx;k
gS
A
Q.2- Whati scompl ai
nt?Dr aftitfory ourcli
entwhohasbeenv i
cti
m ofdefamationisanewspaper .
Ik
fj
oknD ;kgS
\vi usd{k
h
dkjds f
y,i fjok
nr S
;k
jdhft,ftls ,dv[ kc
kjea
sek
ugk
fudkf”
kdk
jc uk;kx;kgS
A
ShortQuestion–
Q.1- Prepar eanappl icati
onf orbai lU/ S436ofCr .
P. C.
n.Mi z
f
Ø;klafg
r kdh/ k
k
jk436ds vU
rxZr, dte k
uri z
k
Fk
Z
uk&i=r S
;kjdhf
t,A

LL.
B.(
Semester
-VI
)Year–2016
(NewCourse)
Q.
1- Underwhatcondi
ti
onsaper
soncanseekt
her
emedyunderSect
ion156(
3)Cr
.P.
C.Dr
aftanappl
i
cat
ion
i
nthi
sr egard.
lh
0vk
j0
i h
0lh
0ds /
kk
jk1
56¼3½ds
vUr
xZrdk
b
sZO
;fD
rdcmi pk
ji z
k
I
rdjldr kgS\bllE c
U/
kes
a,
di z
k
Fk
Z
u ki=rS
;;k
jdh
f
t,A
Q.
2- Whatiswr i
tofCERTIORARIandthegroundstoseektherel
i
ef?Draftitonyouimaginaryf
act.
f
jVmRi
z
s
’k
.kD;kgS\blsiz
k
I
rdj u
sdsf
y,vk/
kk
jD;kgS\vius
dkYif
udrF;k
s
adk
svk
/
kkjcuk
djrS
;kjdh
ft, A
ShortQuest
ion–
Q.1- Whatisconv
eyanci
ng?
i
z
ys[
k“k
k
L=D
;kg
S\
2018
LongQuest ion–
Q.1- Whati scriminalcomplaint?Draftitf
ortheoffenceofbr eachoft rust
.
vkijk
f/
kdi fj
oknD;kgS
\U;k
lH ka
xds vijk
/
kds f
y,ifj
okndksr
S;k
jdh f
t, A
Q.2- Whatdoy oumeanbymemor andum ofcriminalappeal?Dr afti
tfortheappealagai
nst
conv i
ct i
onu/ s302/120-B/ 34I.P.
C.
vkijk
f/
kdvi hyds e
e
s k
s
jU
Mels vkiD;kle >r
sgS
a
\Hk
k-
n-
la
-dh/kk
jk302
@1 20&B@34ds vU
rxZ
rnk’
s
k
fl)ds f
o#)b
ls
iz
k#fi
rdh ft,A
ShortQuestion–
Q.1- Dr af
tanF. I.R.i
nCognizabl eoffences
la
Ks;vi jk
/kk
s
adh,d, Q-
vkb
Z
-vk
j -dks
iz
k#f
irdhft,A

Assi
gnment/Test
Uni
t–II
LongQuestion–
Q.1- Whati samendmentofpl eadings?Whenamendmenti sallowedbyt heCour t.
vfH
ko
pu k
s
adkla”k
k/
sk
uD ;kgS
\U ;k
;ky;} k
jkla”k
k
/
sk
udhvk Kkdcn htkrhgS
A
Q.2- Draftapet i
tionofmai ntenanceundersect i
on125ofCr .P.C. (2014)
lh0
vkj0ih
0lh
0dh/ k
kjk125ds vUrxZ
rH k
j.k
&i k
s
’k
.kgr
sq
, d;k f
pdkrS
;kjdhft,A
Q.3- Whati sbail,andi t
spr ov i
sionsi nt hecodeofcr iminalprocedur e?Draftabai lappli
cati
onf or
yourclientwhohasbeeni mpl i
catedi nthecaseundersect ion376( rape),302( murder )and
Section201( Screeningoutev idenceoft heI ndianPenal Code, 1860.
Tk
ekur,o a
teku rlE cU
/k
hiz
ko/k
ku]n.Mi z
fØ;klafg
rke s
aD;kgS\viu se
q
o f
Ddyds fy,te k
uri z
k
Fk
Z
uk&i=r S
;k
jdh f
t,
f
tls nMla
a f
grk]1860dsh/k
kjk376¼cykRla
x½]302¼gR
;k½,oa201¼
lk{;xk;cdj usds
½ek
eyka
se
s
avkjk
s
f
irf d;kx;kg S
A

11
 LongAnswer
s
Q.1- Whati samendmentofpl eadings?Whenamendmenti sall
owedbytheCourt.
Ans.
Thisanswershal lconsistoff oll
owi ngi
mpor t
antpoints:
Asperor der6andr ule17t hepar t
iescanamendt heirpleadi
ngandorder6andrule17has
beenamendedbyamendmentact2002andaspert heamendmentt hepart
iescanamend
thepleadingsbeforethecommencementoft hetri
alunlessthecour
tcomest othe
conclusionthatinspiteofduedi l
igencethepart
ycoul dnothaverai
sedthemat t
erbef
ore
thecommencementoft het r
ial.
1-AmendmentofPl eadings
Casel aws–
Evely
nJ.Di sneyvRaj eshwarNat hGupt aandothers.
Vij
aykumarSet hivManakchandandot hers.

AsperO6r17,t hepar tiescanamendt hei rpl eadingandO6,r17hasbeenamendedby

AmendmentAct2002andaspert heamendmentt hepar t
iescanamendt hepl eadi ngsbef oret he
commencementoft het ri
al unlesst hecour tcomest ot heconcl usi ont hati nspi t
eofduedi l
igencet he
partycoul dnothav er ai sedt hemat terbef oret hecommencementoft het rial.
Order6, r17i sr epr oducedasunder: -
Amendmentofpl eadi ngs—TheCour tmayatanyst ageoft hepr oceedi ngsal l
owei therpar tyt oal t
er
oramendhi spl eadi ngsi nsuchmannerandonsucht er msasmaybej ust ,andal lsuchamendment s
shallbemadeasmaybenecessar yf orthepur poseofdet ermini ngt her ealquest ionsi ncont roversy
betweent hepar ties.
Providedt hatnoappl icat i
onf oramendmentshal lbeal lowedaf tert het r i
alhascommenced,unl ess
theCour tcomest ot heconcl usiont hatinspi t
eofduedi l
igence,t hepar tycoul dnothav eraisedt he
mat t
erbef oret hecommencementoft r
ial.
Ther ulegi v eswi depower st ot hecour ttoal low amendmentt ot hepl eadi ngsatanyst ageoft he
proceedi ngspr ov idedt heamendmenti snecessar yf ort hepur posesoft akingupt her ealquest i
ons
andcont rov ersiesbet weent hepar ties.Al lthesame,subst i
tutiont oonecausedofact ionort he
natureofcl aimf oranot heri nt heor iginalpl ai
nti snotper missibl eandanyamendmentwhi chmay
causepr ejudi cet ot heot hersi de,whi chcannotbecompensat edi nt ermsofmoneyi sal sonot
all
owedandanamendmentofacl aim orr eliefwhi chi sbar redbyl i
mi tationwhent heamendmenti s
soughtt obemadei sal sonotal lowed.
Amendmentwasear l
ieral l
owedatanyst ageoft hepr oceedi ngsandanyst ageofpr oceedi ngs
meanst hatev endur ingappealamendmentwasal lowed,butnow amendmentcanbeal l
owedonl y
beforef rami ngoft hei ssuesexceptunderspeci al circumst ancesasment ionedi nt hepr oviso.
InEv el
y nJ.Di sneyv .Raj eshwarNat hGupt a&Ot her stheDel hiHi ghCour thashel d:
Mer edel ayi nf il
inganappl icationf oramendmentoft hepl eadi ngsi spersenogr oundt odi smi ssi t
.
Theamendmentsoughtf or,mustbef onaf ideandmustbenecessar yf ordet erminingt her eal
quest i
oni ncont rov er sy .
Thecour tisev env est edwi thi nher entpower stoal lowamendmentwhi chi snecessar yf ortheendof
thejusticeort opr ev entabuseoft hepr ocessoft hecour tasperss151, 152and153t heCPC.
InVijayKumarSet hivManankChand&ot herst heDel hi HighCour thashel d:
Thepoweroft heCour ttomakecor recti
onsnecessar yf ort heendofj ust icei snotconf i
nedonl yt o
powerexer cisabl eunderSect i
on152,CPC.Theext ensi vepower stomakecor rectioni nt hepl aint
couldbeexer cisedal sounderSect i
on152and153,CPC.TheCour thel dt hatt hiswasemi nentlya
casei nwhi chacci dent alsl i
pshoul dbecor rectedast hecor rect i
oni snecessar yfort heendsof

12
j
ustice.
Thegener alpr
inci
pleofl awist
hatasui tmustbet riedinal li
tsstagesont heor i
ginalcauseofaction
i
.e.thecauseofact ionasitst
oodont hedateofi tsinsti
tuti
on.Howev er,oncethepl eadingshave
beenf il
edinasui t,needmayar isetoamendt hem f orv ari
ousr easons,assomet imesanew f act
rel
atingtothesuitcomesi ntol
i
ght ,
ort heorigi
nalr eli
efclaimedbecomesi nappropr i
ateintheli
ghtof
subsequentev entsoft helaw changes,affecti
ngt her i
ght soft hepart i
es.Inor dert omeetsuch
sit
uat i
onsandt helikeandalsoforpr operadmi nistrati
onofj usti
ce,itbecomesi mper ati
vethat‘
ful
l
power s’ofamendmentmustbeenj oyedbyt heCour tsandshoul dalwaysbe‘ li
berall
y’exerci
sed.

Theent ir
eobj ectoft hesai damendmenti st ost allf il
ingofappl icati
onsf oramendi ngapl eadi ng
subsequentt ot he commencementoft r
ial,t o av oi d sur pr i
ses and t he par ties had suf ficient
knowl edgeoft heot her ’scase.I talsohel psi nchecki ngt hedel ay sinf il
ingt heappl i
cat ions.Once, the
tri
alcommencesont heknow pl eas,i twi llbev erydi ffi
cul tf oranysi det or econci l
e.I nspi t
eoft he
same,anexcept ioni smadei nt henewl yi nser tedpr ovisowher ei ti sshowni nt hati nspi teofdue
dil
igence,hecoul dnotr aiseapl ea,i ti sf ort heCour tt oconsi dert hesame.Ther efor e,i tisnot
compl et ebarnorshut soutent ertainingofanyl at erappl i
cat ion.Asst at edear l
ier,t her easonf or
addingpr ov isoi st ocur tail del ayandexpedi tehear ingofcases.
Thispr ov i
si ont husampl epowerandt oaCour tt oal l
owanamendment .
Anal ysi sofOr derVI ,Rul e17, C.P. C. -
Ananal y sisoft hi srul eshowst hatiteasi lyf allsnott wodi stinct
parts, int ermsofl anguageaswel last osubj ect -mat ter.Ther ule, byi tsf i
rstl imb, conf er sadi scr etion
ont heCour ttoper mi tanypar tyt oasui tt oamendhi spl eadi ngsi nsuchmannerandonsucht er ms
ast heCour tmaydeem j ust .Thel anguageoft her ule, inthi spar t,ist hatwhi cht heLegi sl atur eusual l
y
empl oy sf orconf er ringpur elydi scr etionar ypower s.Theexpr essi onusedi st heCour tmay ………. .‘The
discret ionasenact edi npar ti s,howev er ,wi del ywor ded.Ther ulepr ov idest hatamendmentoft he
pleadi ngsmaybeper mi ttedbyt heCour tatanyst ageandi nanymannert hatt heCour tmaydeem
j
ust .Thesecondl imbofRul e17i s, int erms, mandat orywhi chgi vesi tani mper at i
v echar act er.Mar k
theuseoft hewor ld‘ shal l
’ int hispar toft her ul e, whi chpr ov idedst hatt heCour tshal lmakeorper mit
allamendment st ot hepl eadi ngsasmaybenecessar yf ort hepur poseofdet ermi ningt her eal
quest ioni ncont rov er sybet weent hepar t
ies.
Ont hel anguageofRul e17ofOr derVI ,itseemst obecl eart hatoncet heCour tissat isfiedt hatt he
amendmenti saskedf ort hepur poseofpr oposi ngordet ermi ningt her ealquest i
onsi ncont rov ersy
between t hepar ties,t her ei sr eal l
yno di scr et ion atal lfort heCour ti nt hemat ter,and such
amendment smustbegr ant edasofcour se.Butt her ul eit selfi ndi catesv er ypl ainl ythatamendment s
ofpl eadi ngswhi chmaybef oundnecessar yf orbr ingi ngoutt her ealquest ionsi ncont rov ersyar enot
theonl yki ndofamendment swhi cht heCodecont empl at es.Ther emaybeamendment sofot her
sortswhi chpar tiesmi ghtdesi ret omakei nt hei rpl eadi ngs.Rul e17r ecogni zest hescopef oral lthese
amendment soft heot hersor tandl eav est hem t obedeal twi thbyt heCour tasi tsabsol ut edi scret i
on.
Thepowert oal l
owamendmenti sv erywi de.I tshoul dbeexer cisedi nthei nterestofj ust ice.Thef i
rst
condi tionmustbesat i
sf iedbef oret heamendmentcanbeal lowedbyt heCour twhet hersuch
amendmenti snecessar yf ort hedet ermi nat ionoft her eal quest i
oni ncont rover sy .
Asobser v edbyt heSupr emeCour ti nSur ajPr akashv .Raj aRam I tiswel lknownt hatal lamendment s
arewi thint hedi scr etionoft heCour tal t
houghj udi cialdi scr etioni snotwi ldhumour .Just iceCar dozo,
withj ust i
ceaccur acyandl i
teraryf elicityexpr essedexqui sitely( TheNat ureoft heJudi ci alPr ocess.
YaleUni versi t
yPr ess,1927) ;‘TheJudge,ev enwhenhei sf ree,i sst i
llnotwhol l
yf ree.Hei snott o
i
nnov ateatpl easur e.Hi s akni ght -errantr oami ngatwi llinpur suitofhi sowni dealofbeaut yor
goodness.Hei st odr awhi si nspi rat i
onf rom consecr at edpr incipl es.Hei snott oy ieldt ospasmodi c
sent i
ment ,t ov agueandunr egul atedbenev ol ence.Hi si st oexer cise( discr et i
on)di sci pli
nedby
system andsubor dinat edt ot hepr emor dicalnecessi tyofor deri nt hesoci allife.Wi deenoughi nall

13
consci
encei nthefil
edofdiscretionthatremains.”
Iti
swellsettledthattheCour tmustbeext r
emel yli
ber ali
ngr anti
ngt heprayerforamendment ,i
fthe
Courtisoft hev i
ew thatifsuchamendmenti snotal l
owed,apar ty,whohaspr ayedforsuchan
amendment ,shallsufferi
rreparablelossandi njury.Butt hereisnoabsol uterulethatineverycase
wherear el
iefisbarredbecauseorl i
mitat
ion,amendmentshoul dnotbeal lowed.Itisal
way sopento
theCourtt oallow anamendmenti fi
tisoft hev iew thatallowingofanamendmentshal lr
eall
y
subserv
icetheul t
imatecauseofj ust
iceandav oidfurtherli
tigat
ion.
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-
Q.2- Dr af
tapet it
ionofmai ntenanceundersect i
on125ofCr .P.C.
Ans.-

Theanswershal lconsi stoff oll

owi ngi mpor tantpoi nts:
UnderSect ion125, anyoft hef oll
owi ngper sonscancl aim mai nt
enance.
Wi f
e
Awomani sconsider edast he“ wif
e”onl yifhermar riaget othemani sl
egallyval
id.
Child
Mal eandf emalechi ldren,irrespect iveofwhet hertheyar eborninsideorout si
dethel egall
y
vali
dmar riageoft hef atherandmot her, cancl aim mai ntenance.Theymustbemi norst o
clai
m mai ntenance.Theymaybemar ri
edorunmar r
ied.Adul tchil
drencancl ai
m
mai nt
enancef rom thei rpar entsonl yi ftheyhav eaphy sicalorment alabnormalit
yt hat
makest hem unabl et omai ntaint hemsel ves.Anadul tunmar ri
eddaught ercanclaim
mai nt
enancef rom herpar ent s.
Mar ri
edmi norgirl
scancl ai m mai nt enancef r om theirpar entstil
ltheyturn18iftheir
husbandsdonohav esuf fi
ci entmeanst omai ntai
nt hem.Howev er,mar ri
edadultgirl
s
cannotclaim mai ntenancef r om thepar ents.
Mot herandFat her
Botht hemot herandt hefat her ,whet hernat ur aloradopt ive,canclaim maintenancef rom
anyoneormor eoft heirchi ldren.Daught er
sar ealsol i
abletopaymai ntenancetothe
mot herandt hefather .Ast ep- mot hercancl aim mai nt enanceonl yifsheisawi dowand
doesnothav enaturalbor nsonsofdaught ers.

APPLI
CATIONUNDERSECTI
ON125, CRIMINALPROCEDURECODE1973
I
NTHECOURTOFCHI EFMETROPOLITANMAGISTRATE/CHI
EF
JUDI
CIALMAGI STRATE

APPLI
CATI
ONNO………………
UNDERSECTION……………….
POLI
CESTATION…………………….
Smt
…………….
. Pet
it
ioner
Vs.
Shr
i……………. Respondent

APPLI
CATI
ONUDDERSECTI
ON125,
CODEOFCRI
MINALPROCEDURE1973

Si
r,

14
Thepet
it
ionerabov
enamedmostrespectf
ull
ysubmit
sasunder:
1.That the marri
age of t
he peti
ti
oner wit
h respondent was sol
emni
zed on
……………at………….asperHi
ndur
it
esandcer emoni
es.

2.That althoughatt het i

meofmar ri
age,therespondentandhi spar entsdi dnot
demandanydowr yar ti
cles.Howev er,immediatel
yaf t
erthemar ri
age,t helustof
dowr yofrespondentandhi sparent
smadet helif
eoft hepeti
ti
onermi serabl
eand
fi
ndingnoot heralternati
ve,t hepeti
ti
onerhadtof il
eacompl ai
ntunderasss498A
and406,I PC,againstt her espondentandhispar entsandthepr oceedingsarisi
ng
ther
eofarependingdi sposal inthecourtofShri

3.Thatthepetit
ionerwasnotal lowedt ol
i
veinthemat r
imonialhomeev enforsi
x
months aft
ert he marri
age and was made toleavethe mat r
imonialhome on
…………. .
and since then t
he petit
ioneri
sli
ving wit
h herpar ents and i
s bei
ng
maint
ainedthepeti
tioner
.

4.Thatsincethesai d dat
e,therespondenthasnegl ect
ed t
hepeti
ti
onerhasnot
arr
angedanyt hi
ngforthemaint
enanceoft hepet
it
ionerandt
hepeti
ti
onerisonthe
ver
geofv agrancyasherpar
entsarenotv erywel
loffandhavenosuf
fi
cientmeans
tomaintai
nthepetit
ioner
.

5.Thatthepetit
ionerhasnootheralt
ernati
vebuttoliveseparat
elyfrom the
respondentandhi spar
ent
sast herespondentperpetr
atedcruelt
yont hepet
it
ioner
andshewast hrownoutfr
om themat r
imonialhomewi thoutanycauseof
j
ustif
icat
ion.

6.Thattherespondentundert
helawisliabl
etomaint
aint
hepeti
ti
onerasthe
peti
ti
oneristhewifeoft
herespondentandhasbeennegl
ect
edbytherespondent
.

7.Thattherespondenti
samanofmeansandisearni
ngasalar
yofRs.45,
000per
month,al
ongwi t
hlotofper
qui
sit
esandt
hesav
ingsfrom t
heper
qui
sit
esisal
so
aboutRs.5000permont h.

8.Thatt
herespondentownsimmov abl
eproper
tyandal
sohasl
otofsav
ingsi
nthe
bankf
rom whichhehasint
erest
edincome.

9.Thatundertheci
rcumst
ances,therespondenti
stobedir
ect
edt
opayatleast
Rs.
5,000permont hasmaintenancetothepeti
ti
onerwhi
chi
sbaremi
nimum fort
he
maintenanceofthepet
it
ioner.

10.
Thatther
espondenthasnootherli
abi
li
tyexcepttomai
ntai
nthepeti
ti
onerashi
s
parent
sarei
ndependentandarenotdependentupont
herespondent
.

I
tis,
ther
efor
e,pr
ayedt
hatanor
dermaybepassedi
nfav
ouroft
hepet
it
ioner

15
 andagai
nstt
her
espondentf
orpay
mentofRs.15,
000asmai
ntenance.

Peti
tioner
Through
Counsel
____
_______
__ _
___
_____
_____
___
_______
__ _
___
______
____
________
_ _
_____
___
____
_____
____ __
__ _
_
Q.3- Whati sbail
,andit
sprovi
sionsinthecodeofcriminalprocedur
e?Draftabailapplicati
onf
or
yourcl
ientwhohasbeeni mpli
catedinthecaseundersection376( r
ape)
,302(murder )andSecti
on
201(Screeningoutevi
denceoftheIndianPenalCode,1860.
Ans.

Theanswershal
lconsi
stoff
oll
owi
ngi
mpor
tantpoi
nts:

Chapt erXXXI I
Irel
atest ot hepr ovi
sionsast obail
sandbonds, Section436pr ovi
dest hat
whenanyper sonaccur sedofabai l
ableoffenceisar rest edordet ainedwi t
houtwarrantby
anof ficer-
in-chargeoft hepol icest ati
on,orappear sori sbr oughtbef oreaCourtandi s
prepar edatanyt i
mewhi leint hecust odyofsuchof ficeroratanyst ageoftheproceedings
befor esuchCour ttogi vebai l
,suchper sonshal lber eleasedonbai l.
Inordert ogr antbailtheCour tshoul dexerciseitsdiscr etioninaj udiciousmannerandnota
mat terofcour se.Att het i
meofgr anti
ngbai l
(a)det ail
edexami nati
onofev idence, and
(b)elabor atedocument ationoft hemer i
tsofthecaseneednotbeunder t
aken.
Thef ollowingf actorsshal lbet akenintoconsi derat
ionbyt heCour tbef or
egranti
ngbai l
:
(a)Nat ureofaccusat ion:
(b)Sev erityofpuni shmentoft amper ingwitht hewi tnessorappr ehensionofthreattothe
compl aint;
(c)Pr i
maf aciesatisfactionoft heCour tinsuppor toft hechar ge.

Chapt erXXXI IIrelatest othepr ov i

sionsast obai lsandbonds, Section436pr ovidest hatwhen
anyper sonaccur sedofabai l
ableof fencei sar r
estedordet ainedwi t
houtwar rantbyanof f
icer-
in-
chargeoft hepol icest ati
on, orappear sori sbroughtbef oreaCour tandi spr eparedatanyt i
mewhi le
i
nt hecust odyofsuchof f
iceroratanyst ageoft hepr oceedi ngsbef oresuchCour ttogi vebail,such
personshal lber el
easedonbai l.UnderSect i
on437oft heCodewhenaper sonaccusedof ,or
suspect edoft hecommi ssionofanynon- bai
lableof fencei sar restedordet ainedwi t
houtwar rantby
anof ficer-i
n-chargeofapol icestationorappear sori sbr oughtbef or
eacour t,hemayber eleasedon
bailbyaCour tot hert hant heHi ghCour tandt heCour tofSessi onsubj ectt ot hecondi t
ionthathe
does notr easonabl y appeart o hav e been gui lty ofan of fences puni shabl e wi t
h deat h or
i
mpr isonmentf orl i
fe.Thecondi ti
onofnotr eleasingt heper sononbai lchargedwi thanof f
ence
punishabl ewi thdeat hori mpr isonmentf orlif
eshal lnotbeappl icablei fsuchper sonisundert heage
of16y earsori sawomanori ssi ckori nfirm, subjecttosuchcondi t
ionsasmaybei mposed.I tdoes
not,howev er,meant hatper sonsspeci fiedi nthef ir
stpr ov i
sot osub- sect i
on( 1)ofSect ion437shoul d
necessar i
lyber eleasedonbai l.Thepr ov i
sioni sanenabl ingpr ov i
sionwhi chconf ersjurisdict
ionupon
aCour t,othert hant heHi ghCour tandt heCour tofSessi on,tor eleaseaper sononbai ldespitethe
factt hatt hereappear sreasonabl egr oundf orbel ievi
ngt hatsuchper sonhasbeengui lt
yofan
offencepuni shabl ewi thdeat hori mpr i
sonmentf orl i
fe.Ther ei snogai nsayingt hatt hedi screti
on
confer redbyt heCodehast obeexer cisedj udiciall
y.Sect ion438oft heCodeempower st heHi gh

16
Courtandt heCour tofSessi ont ogr antant icipat orybai ltoaper sonwhoappr ehendshi sarrest
subj
ectt othecondi t
ionsspeci fiedundert hesub- sect i
on(2)t her eof.
Bailifmoneydeposi tedt oaCour torbondper sontoensur eanar restedper son’ sappear ance
attr
ialandt opr eventthear rest eefrom dest royingev idenceori nti
mi dati
ngwi tnesses.
Accor dingt oBlack’sLawDi ctionary-bailist hepr ocessbywhi chaper sonisr eleasedf rom
cust
odyei theront heunder t
aki ngofasur etyoronhi sorherownr ecogni zance.
Inordert ogr antbai ltheCour tshoul dexer cisei tsdiscret i
oni naj udiciousmannerandnota
matterofcour se.Att het i
meofgr ant i
ngbai l(a)det ai l
edexami nationofev idence, and( b)elaborate
document ationoft hemer i
tsoft hecaseneednotbeunder t
aken.Thef oll
owi ngf actorsshal lbetaken
i
ntoconsi derat i
onbyt heCour tbef or egrantingbai l
:
(
a)Nat ur eofaccusat ion:
(
b)Sev er i
tyofpuni shmenti ncaseofconv icti
onandnat ur
eofsuppor tingev i
dence;
(
c)Reasonabl eappr ehensi onoft amper i
ngwi tht hewi tnessorappr ehensi onoft hreatt othe
compl aint ;
(
d)Pr i
maf aci esat i
sfacti
onoft heCour tinsuppor tofthechar ge.Whent hesuper i
orCour thas
ref
usedt ogr antbai ltot heaccusedonmer its, t
hesubor dinateCour twoul dnotconsi derthe
bailpray erconsi deri
ngt hej udi ci
aldiscipli
neandpr opriet yunless( a)t hesuper iorCour t
permi tshi mt omov eagai nbef or
et hesubor dinat eCour tort hecasecomesundert heambi tof
Section167( 2)Cr.P.C.

APPLI
CATI
ONUDNERSECTI
ON437,
CRI
MINALPROCEDURECODE1973FORBAI
L

I
NTHECOURTOFSHRI
……….
.METROPOLI
TAN/
JUDI
CIALMAGI
STRATE

FI
RNO……………. .
UNDERSECTION
POLICESTATI
ON
I
nRe:
Vs.
St
ate

APPLI
CATI
ONUNDERSECTION437,
CRI
MINALPROCEDURE
CODE1973FORBAI
LONBEHALFOF………………….
.
Si
r,
Theappl icantrespectf
ullysubmi t
sasunder :
1. Thattheappl i
canthasbeent akenint
ocust odybyt heoff
ici
alsof…………………pol i
cestati
oni n
theaforesaidmat teron……………. .
2.Thattheappl icanthasbeenf alselyi
mpl i
catedinthemat t
eralthought heappli
canthasnot
commi t
tedanyof fenceandt hereisnocogentev i
denceagainsttheappl i
cantwhichmaypr i
ma
faciel
ymakeoutanyof fenceagainsttheapplicant.
3.Thattheent ir
ecompl aintofthecompl ainantisbasedonf al
sehoodandconcoct ionandev enif
takenoni tsfacev al
ue,theallegedoffenceisnotmadeoutagai nstt heappl
icant
.
4.Thatbyf ili
ngthecompl aint,t
hecompl ainantistaki
ngbenefitsofhi sownwr ongandt he
compl ai
nthasbeenf il
edbyt hecompl ainanttopressur
etheappl icanttoaccepthisi
ll
egal
demands.
5.Thatast heappl i
canthasnotcommi t
tedanyof fenceandnoof f
encei smadeoutev enifthe

17
 complaintistakenonitsfacev
alue,i
tisint
heinterestofjust
icet
hattheappli
cat
ionis
admittedtobai l
.
6.Thattheappl i
cantispr
eparedtojoi
ninvest
igat
ionandt hi
scourtmayimposeanycondi t
ionon
theappli
cantf oradmit
ti
nghimt obai
l.
Iti
stherefore,pray
edthatappl
i
cantmaybeadmi t
tedt obaili
nthei
nterestofj
ust
ice.

Appli
cant
Through
Counsel
Pl
ace
Dat
e

18
 Uni
t–I
II
(Sy
ll
abus)
Unit
-III:ModelDraftofApplicat
ion:Appl
icati
onforRestorati
onofSui t
;Amendmentint hePl
eadi
ng,
I
mpl ement sofParti
es,Substi
tut
ionofParti
es,Sett
ingasi
deexper tdecr
ee,Ali
mony,Bai
l,Matr
imonial
pet
ition,LegalNoti
ce,Appointmentofreceiv
er/l
ocalcommi ssi
on;Compr omiseofSuit
,Condonat
ion
ofdelayandapplicati
onforexecuti
onetc.,
Drafti
ngofWr i
tPetit
ionandPI Lpet
it
ion.

Uni
tWi
sePr
evi
ousYearQuest
ionPaperofLucknowUni
ver
sit
y
LL.
B.Hon.(
Semest
er-
VII
I)Year–2012
LongQuest ion–
Q.1- Whati spowerofat tor ney ,andi tskinds?Dr af tagener alpowerofat torney.
E
kq
[ rkjukek, oablds iz
dk jD ;kg S
a\lk ekU;eq
[ rk
juker S
;kjdh ft,A
Q.2- Whati sWi llDeed?Dr af tit.
olh;r uk
e k¼bP
Nkf oys[k½D ;kg S\b ldk siz
k
ys
f[krdh f
t, A
ShortQuest ion–
Q.1- Dr af tanappl i
cat i
onf orexempt ionofat t
endanceofy ourcl i
entinacase.
vi usd{ kh
dk jdkU ;k;ky;dhmi f
LFkf
rdke kQhds fy,, di z
kFk
Z
uki=r S
;kjdh f
t,A
LL. B.Hon.( Semest er -VIII
)Year–2013
(NewCour se)
Q.1- Whati sLegalNot ice,andi tski nds?Dr aftal egalnot i
ceonbehal fofy ourcli
enttohi s
empl oyerwhohast ermi natedhi m wi thoutar easonabl eground.
fof/
kdu k
s
fVlD ;kg SvkS
j;gf dr usi z
dkjds gS
a\vi usd{ k
hdkjds cnys es
amldsjks
txkjnk
rkds f
y,,df of
/k
du k
s
f
V l
rS
;k jdh ft,f tlu s
d{ kh
dk jdk sfcukfdlh;q f
DR;q
Drvk /
kkjds mls c[
kkZ
Lrdjf n;kg S
A
Q.2- Dr af tapet i
tionf orwr i
tsofMandamusandCer tiorariunderAr t
icl
e226oft heconstit
uti
onof
Indi a.
Hk
kjrds la
fo/k
kuds vu q
PNsn2 26dds vUrxZrijekns
”k,o amR iz
s
{k
.kdhfjVks
adsgs
rq;k
fpdkr S
;kjdh
ft,A
ShortQuest ion–
Q.1- Dr af tanappl i
cat i
onf orr est orat i
onofsui t
oknds iq
uLFkk
Z
iukg s
rqi z
k
FkZ
uk&i=dk srS
;kjdh f
t, A
Q.2- Whati sdi fferencebet weenwr itandpet i
tion?
;kfpdk, o af
jVe s
aD;kvU rjg S\
LL. B.(Semest er -VI )Year–2014
(NewCour se)
Q.1- Whati sl egalnot ice?Dr afti ttoser vei ttot heDi str
ictMagi st r
ateforcl aimi
ngt hedamagesf or
whi chy ourcl ienti sent i
tledf orl ossesi nt heacci dentduet onegligencet ohis( D.
M.S.)dri
ver
.
fof/
kdu k
s
fVlD ;kg S\b ls rS
;k jdj dsf tyke ftLV ª
s
Vdk s rk
ehydj kukg Sbln ko
sds lkFkf
d mlds e
ks
Vjpkyd dh
mn klhu rkds dkj.kvk ids eq
ofDdydk sg k
s
usok
yh{ k
fr;ks
ads fy,i z
f
rdkjfn;ktk ,A
Q.2- Dr af tapet it
ionofmai nt enanceunderSect i
on125ofCr .
P.C.
Lh&vk j-
i h
-lh-dh/ kk
jk1 25ds vU rxZ
rH kj.k
&i k
s
’
k.kgr
sq, d;k fpdkr S
;k
jdh f
t, A
ShortQuest ion–
Q.1- Whati sanaf fidav it?Dr aftit.
“kiFki =D ;kgS\b lsr S
;kjdh ft,A

19
 LL.
B.(
Semester
-VI
)Year–2016
(NewCourse)
Q.
1- Dr
aftanappl
i
cat
ionf
ort
heamendmenti
nthepl
aintofsui
t.
o
kni
=ds
la
”k
k
s
/k
ugr
s
q,di
z
kFk
Z
uki
=rS
;k
jdh
f
t,A
Q.
2- Whati
sbai
l
-appl
i
cat
ion?Dr
afti
tfory
oucl
i
entwhoi
sinj
ailf
orof
fencesofmur
der
,conspi
racyof
murderandscreeni
ngoutevi
denceregardi
ngthecommissionofsuchof
fences.
tek
uri z
k
Fk
Z
uki=D;kgS
\vi u
smld{k
hdk
jds f
y,te k
uriz
k
Fk
Z
uk
&i=r S
;kjdh
f
t,tksgR
;k
]gR;kdhlk
f
t”k
],o
alc
rf
w e
Vku
sds
vi
jk/
kk
s
adsvk
jk
s
iea
s
tsyes
agS
A
ShortQuest
ion–
Q.1- Whatispet
it
ion?Howwi
l
lyoudi
ff
eri
tfr
om pl
aint
,Wr
it
,andappl
i
cat
ion?Whatar
eit
scomponent
s?
;k
f
pdkD
;kg
S\b
lsvk
iok
ni=]f
jV,
oai
z
kFk
Z
uk
&i=ls
dSls
fH
kU
udj
s
xs
a \b
lds
Hk
kxD
;kg
S
a\

2018
LongQuest i
on–
Q.1- Underwhatpr ovisions, doyouasser tyourr i
ghtt oamendt heplai
ntinasuit?Draf
tan
appl i
cati
onf oramendment .
fdui z
ko/
kk
uks
adsvU r
xZrvk io k
ndso k
ni=e s
a
la”
kk
s
/kuds vf/
k
dk jdkn kokdjrsgS
\la
a ”k
ks
/
kugs
rqi
zk
Fk
Z
uk
i=iz
k#f
irdh
f
t, A
Q.2- Whati swr i
tofcer tiorari.Dr
af tapetiti
onf orwr i
tofcer t
iorari
.
mRiz
s’
k
.kdhf jVD ;kgS
\mR iz
s
’k
.kdhfj
Vds f
y,, d;k f
pdkdk siz
k#f
i rdhft,A
ShortQuest i
on–
Q.1- Dr aftanappl icationf orexempt ionofappear anceofy ourcl i
ent/
accusedinacourtduetohis
il
lness.
U;k
;ky;ls vius d{k
h
dk j@vf Hk
;q
ä dhmi f
LF
kf
re kQhds f
y,i zk
FkZ
u
ki=fyf[ k
,]tk
sd{k
h
dkjche
kjgS
A
Q.2- Whati slegal notice.Pr epar
ei tforyourclienttohi st enant.
fof
/kdu k
f
sV
lD ;kg S
\f djk;s
nkjdks
Hks
tusdsf
y,vi usd{k
hdkjgs
r q,du k
f
sVlr S
;k
jdhf
t, A

Assi
gnment/Test
Uni
t–II
I
LongQuesti
on–
Q.1- Whatiswr i
tofHabeasCor pus?Howisit
simpor
tanceemer
gingdaybyday?Dr
aftapet
it
ion
f
orawr i
tofHabeasCor pus.
cU
nhiz
R
;{k
hdj.kdhf
jVD;kgS
\fnui z
f
rfn
ubldkegR
odS
lsmH
kjj
gkg
S\cU
nhiz
R
;{k
h
dj.
kdhfj
Vdsf
y,,d;kf
pdk
rS
;k
jdhf
t, A
Q.2- WhatiswillDeed?Draf
tit
.
olh
;ruk
ekD;kgS
A

LongAnswer
s-

Q.1- Whati swr i

tofHabeasCor pus?Howi sitsimportanceemer gingdaybyday ?Draftapetit
ion
forawr i
tofHabeasCor pus.
Ans.
-
Theanswershal lconsistoff oll
owingimportantpoints:
Themosti mportantpartoftheconst i
tut
ionisrighttoconst i
tut
ionalremedi
espr ovi
dedunder
art32t heri
ghttoenf or
cef undament alr
ightisalsoaf undament alr
ight
.Fort
heenf orcement
ofanyf undament alr
ightstheSupr emeCour tcanbemov eddi r
ectly
.Thusforthe
enforcementofanyoft hefundament alri
ghtsbemov eddirectl
y.Thusforenforcementofany
fundament alr
ight-

20
 a)Apet
it
ioncanbemadedi
rect
lyt
othesupr
emecour
t.

b)Thesupremecourthaspowert
oissuedi
rect
ionorderswriti
ncl
udi
ngwriti
nnatureof
habeascorpus,
whichmaybeappropr
iat
efortheenforcementoff
undamentalr
ight
s.

Themosti mpor t
antpar toft heconst itut ioni sr i
ghtt oconst itutionalr emedi espr ov i
dedunderAr t.32.
Ther i
ghtt oenf orcef undament alr ighti sal soaf undament alright.Fort heenf orcementofany
f undament alright st heSupr emeCour tcanbemov eddi rect l
y.Thusf ort heenf orcementofany
oft hef undament alr ightsbemov eddi rect l
y.Thusf ort heenf orcementofanyf undament al
right: -
1. Apet i
tioncanbemadedi r
ect lyt ot heSupr emeCour t,and
2. TheSupr emeCour thaspowert oi ssuedi rect i
ons,or der swr i
tsi ncludingwr itinnat ureof
habeas corpus,mandamus,pr ohi bi ti
on and cer t
iorari,whi ch may be appr opr i
atef ort he
enfor cementof f undament alright s.
Thef undament alr i
ght scanal sobeenf or cedbyawr itpet it
ioni naHi ghcour tunderAr t.226.
UnderAr t226, otherr ight scanal sobeenf orced.I tisnotnecessar yf oranyper sont of ir
stappr oach
Highcour tandf ai l
ingt her et ogot ot heHi ghcour t
.Onecandi rectlymov et heSupr emeCour tunder
32f ort heenf orcementofaf undament al right s.
LocusSt andee: -Ar t
.32i sav ail
abl enotonl yt oaci tizenbutal soanyper son,nat uralorar ti
fi
cialor
non-ci t
izenwher ef undament al ri
ght shasbeenv ilated.
Nowunder' publ i
cI nt erestl i
tigat ion' aper sonwhosef undament alrighti snoti nfringedbutwho
all
egest hei nfract ionoft her ightofsomeot herper soncanal sosue.
Agai nstWhom : -Anor deret c.underAr t32canbei ssuedagai nstt hegov t.ofI ndia,anyst ateGov t
.
andaut hor i
tyundert hepowerandcont rol ifcour tofI ndiaoranySt at eGov t.agai nstanyot her
author itywhi chdef i
nedi nAr ti
cle12.
Thewr itofHabeasCor pusi sanor deri ssuedbyt hecour tcal li
ngupont hedet aineetobr i
ng
thedet aineebef or ethecour tandl ett hecour tknowonwhatgr oundt hedet enuei sdet ained,andi fno
l
egalj ust ifi
cat i
onshown,t hedet enuei sr eleasedf or t
hwith. Adi stenti
oni sunl awfuli tisnoti n
accor dancewi thl aw, ort hepr ocedur eest ablishedbyl awf ordet ent ionhasnotbeencompl i
edwi thor
detetioni snotunderav alidl awori ft hedet ainingaut horit
yabusesi torexer cisei fmal af i
de.
UnderAr ticle32apet i
tionf orhabeascor puscanbef il
edonl yf orenf orcementoff undament al
ri
ghtandonl yagai nstt hegov ernmentorgov ernment alauthor i
ty .ButunderAr ti
cl e226i tcanbef il
ed
againstanyper sonoraut hor ityandev enapr ivat eindi vi
dual.Thepur poseoft hiswr i
tist osecur ethe
rel
easeoft hedet enuef rom unl awf uldet ent ionandnott opuni sht hedet ainee.

Wr
it
eofHabeusCor
pus
I
ntheHon’
bleHi
ghCour
tofj
udi
cat
ureatAl
l
ahabad,
LucknowBench,
Lucknow.
Mi
scel
l
aneousWr
itpet
it
ionNo-
…………….
.
‘
A’S/
o‘B’
age21y
ear
s,r
/o105/
3BBDChi
nhat
,Lucknow
Pet
it
ioner
V/
s

21
 St
ateofU.
P.………………………………………opposi
tepar
ty

Wr
it
epet
it
ionunderAr
ti
cle226oft
heconst
it
uti
onofI
ndi
a.
Bef
ore,
TheHon’
bleC.
J.andhi
scompani
onj
udgesoft
hisHon’
bleCour
t.
Thehumbl
epet
it
ionermostr
espect
ful
l
yandhumbl
ysubmi
tsasunder
.
1.Thatnowr i
tpetit
ionunderart
icl
e226hasbeenf
il
edbef
oret
heHon’
bleCour
tear
li
erat
All
ahabadoratLucknowonthesamei
ssue.
2.Thatt
hepet
it
ioneri
speaceabi
dingci
ti
zenofI
ndi
aandi
sast
udentofLL.
B.3y
rs.
3.Thatwi
thoutanyreasonabl
ecausetheS.H.
O.ofChi
nhatpol
i
cest
ati
onar
rest
edmeandput
behi
ndbarorpol
icelockupdat
edon3/3/
2013
4.That
,dat
edon4/
3/2013pet
it
ionerhassentt
odi
str
ictpr
isonnowhedet
ainedt
her
e.
5.Thatt
hepet
it
ionersentanappli
cati
ondatedon5/3/2013todi
str
ictj
udgeandpray
edt
omake
hi
m awar
eofthegroundofdetenti
onbutnoreasonabl
estepshasbeentaken.
6.Thatnor
easonofar
resthasbeenpr
ovi
dedt
othepet
it
ionert
il
lnow.
Ot
herGr
ounds
a.Thatwi
thoutanyor
deroft
hemagi
str
atepet
it
ionerkepti
ndi
str
ictpr
ison.
b.Thatpet
it
ionerhasnev
erbeensentbef
oret
heMagi
str
ate
Pr
ayer
Ther
efor
eiti
smotr
espect
ful
l
ypr
ayedt
hatt
hisHon’
bleCour
tmaygr
aci
ousl
ybepl
eased.
1.Toi
ssuewr
itor
derordi
rect
ioni
nthenat
ureofhabeascor
pus.
2.Toissueanyothersuchwrit
,orderordi
rect
ionasdeem f
itandpr operi
nvi
ewoft
hef
act
sand
ci
rcumstancesofthecaseal
lowingadequat
ereli
eft
othepetit
ionerand

Dat
ed-
Pl
ace-
Counsel
fort
he
Pet
it
ioner

I
ntheHi
ghCour
tofJudi
cat
ureatAl
l
ahabad.Pet
it
ioner
Af
fi
dav
it
Mi
scWr
it‘
pet
it
ionunderAr
t.226oft
heConst
it
uti
onofI
ndi
a.

It
hedeponentabov
enameddoher
ebysol
emnl
yaf
fi
rm andst
ateasunder
.
1.Thatthedeponentisparokarandassuchi
sful
l
yacquai
ntedwi
tht
hef
act
sofcasedeposed
befor
ethi
shon’bleCourt
.

22
 2.ThatI,t
hedeponentabovenameddoher
ebydecl
aret
hatt
hecont
ent
sofpar
a1t
o6ar
etwo
thebestmyknowledge.
Sd.Deponent
ISant oshKumarSinghcl er
kofSr i‘E’,Advocat
eLucknow H.
C.Bar,Lucknow,dohereby
declarethatt
heper
sonmaki ngthisaf
fidav
iti
sknownt omef
rom t
hepaper
spr esent
edbyhi
m
i
nt hiscaseandIam sat
isf
iedthatheisthesameperson
Sd.Cl
erk
Sol
emnlyaf
fi
rmedbeforemeont hisdayofMar
ch,
7,2013at10A.
m/P.
m byt
hedeponentwho
hasbeeni
dent
if
iedbytheaf
oresaidcler
k.
Ihavesati
sfi
edmysel
fbyexamini
ngthedeponentthathehasful
l
yunder
stoodt
hecont
ent
sof
thi
saff
idavi
twhi
chhasbeenreadoverandexpl
ainedtohim byme.
Sd.Oat
hCommi
ssi
oner

Ver
if
icat
ion
I
,--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
---
--
--
--
--doher
ebydecl
arethatcontentseachparaofthepet
it
ionar
etrueto
mypersonalknowledgeandbeli
efandi
nfor
mationreceiv
edf r
om var
ioussour
cesareal
sotrue.
Sd.Pet
it
ioner
__
_ _
____
___
____
___
_____
___
____
_____
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
_ _
__
Q.2- Whatiswil
lDeed?Draf
tit
.
Ans.-

Theanswershal lconsi
stoff ol
lowingimportantpoints:
Awi l
lmeanst helegaldecl
ar at
ionoftheintenti
onofat est
atorwi
threspectt ohispropert
y
whichhedesirest obecarriedint
oeffectafterthi
sdeat h.UnderSection2( h)oftheIndi
an
SuccessionAct,1925awi llisdefi
nedast helegaldeclarat
ionoftheintenti
onofat estat
or
wit
hr espectt
ohi spropert
ywhi chhedesirest obecar r
iedintoef
fectafterhisdeath.

Ty
peofwi
ll

a)Pr
ivi
ledgedwi
ll
s

b)Unpr
ivi
ledgedwi
ll
s

1.Whomaymakewi
ll

2.Howwi
lli
smade.

Wi
llDeed- A wi l
lmeanst hel egaldecl
arationoft hei ntenti
onofat estatorwithr especttohis
proper t
ywhi chhedesi r
est obecarriedintoef f
ectaf t
erthisdeat
h.UnderSect ion2( h)ofthe
I
ndianSuccessi onAct ,1925awi l
lisdef inedast helegaldecl
arat
ionoft hei ntenti
onofa
testatorwithrespecttohi spropert
ywhi chhedesi rest obecarri
edintoeffectafterhisdeat
h.
Wi l
lfall
sbroadlyint
ocl asses-
a. Pr i
vi
legedwill
sand b. Unpr i
vi
legedwi l
ls
WhomaymakeaWi l
l-Everyper sonofsoundmi ndnotbei ngami norcandisposeoffhi sproper
tyby
wi
ll
.Amar ri
edwomancandi sposeof fbywillofanypr opertywhichshecouldali
enatebyherownact

23
duringherl ife, per sonwhoar edeafanddumborbl i
ndornott herebyi ncapaci tatedf ormaki ngawi llif
,
theyar eabl et oknowwhatt heydobyi t.Aper sonwhoi sor di
nar i
lyi nsamecanmakeawi l
ldur i
ng
ani nterv ali nwhi chhei sofsecondmi nd.Noper soncanmakeawi llwhi l
ehei si nsuchast ateof
soundmi nd,whet herar i
si ngf r
om i nt oxi cat ionorf rom,i l
lnessorf r
om anyot hercauset hathedoes
notknow whathei sdoi ng.Af at herwhat everhi sagemaybe,canbywi l
l,appoi nt aguar dianor
guar dianf orhi schi lddur ingmi nor i
ty .
Howwi llisMade-Wi llsbyal lexceptHi ndus, Buddi st,Jai nsandMusl i
msar egov er nedbyt heI ndians
Successi onAct ,1925.Themor ei mpor tantpr ov isionsoft hatActr el atingt ot hewi lls,incl udi ngt hat
whi chr elat est ot hef orm ofwi llhav ebeenmadeappl icabl et owi llexecut edbyHi ndus, Buddi st ,
Jain
andSi khs.Nopr ov isions,howev er ,appl iest oMusl imswhocanmakeawi l
linanywayt heyl i
ke
whet heror alorwr it
ten, andi ncaseofawr ittenwi ll,thesamemay ormaynotbesi gnedorar rest ed.
Bef oret heHi nduWi llAct ,1876,noHi nduwi llwasr equi r
edt obe wr i
ttenandi fawi llwas
madei nwr it
ingi twasnotr equi redt obesi gnedorat test ed.ByI ndi anSuccessi onActof1926, these
willswer eal sor equi redt obei nwr it
ingsi gnedormar kedbyt het est atororanyot herper soni nhis
presenceandbyhi sdi r
ect i
onandat test edbyatl eastt wowi tness.Thef ollowingf or mal i
tiesar e
prescr i
bed;
a. Thewi llshoul dbei nwr iti
ngexceptt hatasol dieri nact i
v eser iesnotbei ngaHi ndu,Buddi sts.
Sikh orJai ncanmakeanor al wi l
l.
b. I tshoul dbesi gnedormar kedbyt het est atororbysomebyot herper soni nhi spr esenceand
byhi sdi r ection.Thesi gnat ureshoul dbesopl acedt hati tshoul dappeart hatitwasi nt endedher eby
togi ve ef fectt ot hewr itingaswi l
l.Thebestpl acei satt hef ootorendoft hewr i
ting.
c. I tshoul dbeat test edbyt woormor eper sons, eachofwhom hasseent hetest atormaki nghi s
signatur eormar korhasseensomeot herper sonsi gningt hewi l
lint hepr esenceanddi rect ionoft he
testator,orhasr ecei v edf rom t het est at oraper sonatacknowl edgementofhi ssignat ureormar kor
thesi gnat ureofsuchot herper son.Eachofat test ingwi tnessshoul dsi gnt hewi llint hepr esenceof
thet estat orbuti tisnotnecessar yt hatmor et hanonewi tnessshoul dbepr esentatt hesamet ime.
Nosuchf ormal it
iesar epr escr ibedbyMohammedanl awandaMusl im cant her efor emakewi l
l
orallyorbywr i
tingi nanyf or m whet hersi gnandat test edornot .
Nopar ticul ari spr escr i
bedbyl aw butt heor dinar yf ormi nv oguei nEngl andwhi chhasbeen
foll
owedf orcount r
iesmayadopt ed.Thel anguageshoul dbesi mpl eandunder st andabl ebyal ay
man.Awi llisdr aftedi nf i
rstper sonasadeedpol landgener all
yconsi stsoft hef ollowi ngpar t-
i
. Commencement-Awi l
l iscommendedi nt hef ollowi ngway s
Thi si st hel astwi llofmeA, Bet c.madet his. ....
....
..dayof. ..
....
.....
.
"Iher ebyr ev okebyf ormer swi l
l andcor dialsmadebyme"
i
i. Cl auseaboutappoi nt mentofexecut or sandt rust eesandguar di ans-i ftrusteesar et her e,they
shoul d beappoi nted.
i
ii. Legaci esandDev ises -i nEngl ishl aw,abequestofmov abl epr oper tyiscal ledl egacyand
bequest ofl andandot heri mmov abl epr oper tyi scal l
edDev ise.
i
v . Annui ti
esandTr ustCl auses-Af terbequest ,theannui ti
esandt rustcl ausesshoul dbeadded.
v. Test imoni al -iti sthel astpar tofawi ll
.
vi. Si gnat ur eandat t est at i
on-Thesear epl acedatt heendofawi ll
.Nopar ti
cul arf or m of
attestationi s pr escr ibedbyl awbutt hebestandsaf estt hingwoul dbet ost at ecor r ectlyand
full
yhowt hewi t
ness hav eat test edt hewi ll.
Dr af tofawi ll
A. Thi si st hel astwi ll-ofme,Amol akRaj ,agedabout40y ear s,sonofLal aBhaghatRam,
residentofJagadhr i, whi chImaket hi
sni nthdayofSept emberi nt hey earonet housandni nehundr ed
andni ntyEi ght .Igi ve,demi seandbequeat hal lmymov ableandi mmov ablepr oper tywhatsoev er
andwhosesoev er,att het imeofdeat h,unt omywi feandappoi nthert hesol eexecut rixoft hismay

24
wil
l.Jrevokeallt
estamentaryinst
rumentsbymef ormerl
ymade.si gnedbythesai
dtestat
or.
Si
gned_____
__ _
_ _
_
(Si
gnatur
eofTest ator)
Si
gnedbyt heabovenamedt est
atorashislastwil
laft
erthesamehadbeenr eadovertohimi n
ourpresenceandhasappear edtobeper f
ectfull
yunderstoodandappr ovedbyhiminpresenceand
athisrequestandinthepresenceofeachot her
,hav eher
euntosubscr i
bedornamesaswi t
ness.
Wi t
ness Witness
1. _ _____
_____ __
__ _
__ _
_____

2. _
___
___
___
_ _
___
___
___
___

25
 Uni
t–I
V
(Sy
ll
abus)
Unit
-I
II:Conveyancing:Theor
yandModelDr af
t–Def i
nit
ionandessenti
alpartofdeed,
Modeldeed:
Sal
e-deed,Mor t
gagedeed,Gi ft
-deed,Will
-deed,Tr
ustdeed,Lease-deed,Promissor
yNote,Gener
al
PowerofAttorney,Part
nershi
pdeed; Tenancydeed;Rel
inqui
shmentdeedetc.

Uni
tWi
sePr
evi
ousYearQuest
ionPaperofLucknowUni
ver
sit
y
LL.
B.Hon.(
Semest
er-
VII
I)Year–2012
LongQuest ion–
Q.1- Whati swr i
tofHabeasCor pus?Howi si t
si mpor tanceemer gingdaybyday?Dr aftapeti
tion
forawr itofHabeasCor pus.
cUnhi z
R;{khdj .
kdhf jVD ;kg S\f n
ui z
frfnub ldke gRodS lsmHk
jj gkg S\c U
nhiz
R
;{k
h
dj.
kdhf jVdsfy,, d
;kfpdkr S
;kjdh f
t, A
Q.2- Whati sCompl aintundert hecodeofcr i
mi nalpr ocedur e?Whati sthedif
ferencebetween
compl aintandanF. I.
R.Dr aftacompl aint.
n.Mi z
fØ;kla f
g rkdsvU rxZ
r^ ifj
okn*D;kgS\i f
jok
ni z
Fk
elw pu kjiVlsdS lsf
Hk
UugS\,di f
jok
nr S
;k
jdhft,A
Shor tQuest ion–
Q.1- Dr aftasal edeed.
f
oØ;f o ys
[ kr S
;kjdh f
t, A
Q.2- Doy ouagr eet hatconv ey ancingisdependentonpr act i
ceorl aw, oronboth?
D;kvk ib lls lg erg S
af
di z
kys[k“k
kL=vH;k
li jfuHk
Z
jdj r kgS;kfof
/kij;kn k
s
uk
a
sij\
Q.3- Component sofdeed.
foys
[ kds vax
LL.B.Hon.( Semest er-VIII
)Year–2013
(NewCour se)
Q.1- Whati sDeedandi tskinds?Di scusst hecomponent sofDeed.
foys
[ kD ;kg S, oablds iz
dkjD ;kg S\foys
[kdsiz
e q
[
kvaxks
adhfoos
pu kdhf
t,A
Q.2- Whati slease?Dr aftal easedeed.
iV ~
VkD ;kg S\i V~
Vkfoys[kr S
;k jdhft,A
ShortQuest ion–
Q.1- Whati sconv ey ancing?
iz
kys[k
”kkL=D ;kg S\
Q.2- Whati spowerofat t
or neyandi tskinds?
eq
[ rkj
u kekD ;kg S, o
ab lds iz
dk jD;kg S
a\

LL.
B.(Semester-VI
)Year–2014
(NewCour se)
Q.1- Whatdoy oumeanby“ Deed”?Whatar ethecomponent sofdeed?Di
scusst
hem.
^f
oys
[k
*ls vk
iD ;kle>rs
gS
a\bldseq
[;vaxD;kgS
a\budhf
oopu
s kdhf
t,A
Q.2- Draftadeedofl ease.
iV~
Vkfoys
[krS
;k
jdh f
t,A
ShortQuestion–
Q.1- Recital ifj
o.k
Z
u
Q.2- Parcel ifj
os
’V
Q.3- Draftawi l
l-
deed o lh;ruk
ek¼f
oys
[k
½rS
;kjdhf
t,A

26
 LL.
B.(
Semester
-VI
)Year–2016
(NewCourse)
Q.
1- Whatdoyoumeanbyt
het
erm‘
Deed’
?Whatar
eit
ski
ndsandcomponent
s?Di
scuss.
f
oys
[
k“k
C
nls
vkiD
;kle
>rs
gs
a\b
lds
iz
dk
j,o
avo
;oD
;kD
;kg
S
a\le
>kb
;s
A
Q.
2- Whati
s‘DeedofAgr
eement
’?Dr
aftaDeedofAgr
eementbet
weent
enantandl
andl
ord.
le
>kS
r
kfo
ys[
kD;kg
S\f
djk
;s
nk
j,o
aedk
uek
f
ydds
chpe
s
agq
,le
>kS
rs
lEc
U/
khf
oys
[
krS
;k
jdh
f
t,A
ShortQuest
ion–
Q.1- Whatismemor
andum ofappeal
?Dr
afti
tforcr
imi
nal
appeal
.
vi
hyvu
q
Lek
jdD
;kg
S\Qk
S
tnk
jhdhvi
hyds
fy,b
lsr
S;k
jdh
f
t,A
2018
LongQuest i
on–
Q.1- Dr aftaDeedf orSale
foØ;f oys
[ krS
;kjdhf
t, A
Q.2- Whati smor tgage?Draf taDeedf ormor t
gage.
fxjohD;kg S
\f xjohf
oys
[kdksr S
;k
jdhft,A
ShortQuest i
on–
Q.1- Whati sDeed?
foys
[ kD;kg S
\
Q.2- Pol lDeed
Ik
kyMh M
Q.3- Indent ureDeed
bUMs
UpjMh M
Assignment/Test
Uni t–IV
LongQuest i
on–
Q.1- Whati spowerofat t
orneyandi tsKinds?Dr af
tageneral powerofat
tor
ney. (
2012)
eq
[r k
jukek, o
a bldsiz
dk
jD;kg S
a\lke
kU;eq
[rkj
ukekrS
;kjdhf
t,A
Q.2- Whati sDeedofl ease?Dr afti
t.
iV~
V kfoys
[kD ;kgS
\b ldhjpu kdhf
t,A
Q.3- Doy ouagr eethatconv ey anci
ngi sdependentonpr act
iceorlaworonboth?
D;kvk ib lls lgerg S
a
fdi z
ys
[ k“k
k
L=vH ;k
li jfuHk
Z
jdj rkg
S;kfo
f/k;knk
u
sk
s
aij\
LongAnswer
s
Q.1- Whati
spowerofat
tor
neyandi
tsKi
nds?Dr
aftagener
alpowerofat
tor
ney
.
Ans.
-
Theanswershal lconsistoffoll
owingimportantpoint
s:
Powerofat torney-Apowerofat t
orneydef
inedbySect i
on2( 21)oft hestampact.I
tisthe
documentwher ebyoneormor epersongi
veanaut hori
tytooneormor epersontoactinhis
ortheirplaceandst ead.Thepowert odosomustbegi v
enbywr i
tteninst
rumentandstri
ctly
foll
owednot hingcanbedonewhi chisnotauthori
zedbyt hei
nst r
umenti nexpr
essorimplied
term,gener alwor disani nstr
umentmustbei nt
erpret
edinthelightofspecialf
ormsalthough
theyincludei ncidentalpowernecessaryforcarryi
ngouttheauthor i
ty.
Kindsoft heat torney:
a)Speci alpowerofat t
orney
b)Gener alpowerofat tor
ney

APower
-of
-At
torneyi
sadocumentwherebyoneormoreper
songi
veorgi
vesanaut
hor
it
ytooneor
morepersontoacti
nhisorthei
rplaceandst
ead.Thepowert
odosomustbegi v
enbya

27
 wr it
t eni nstrumentandst rict l
yf ollowed,not hingcanbedonewhi chi snotaut hor izedbyt he
Instr umenti nexpr essori mpl iedt er m,Gener alwor di sani nst rumentmustbei nter pretedi n
thel ightofspeci alfor msal thought heyi ncludei nci dent alpowernecessar yf orcar ryi
ngoutt he
aut hor ity.ThePowerofAt tor neyAct ,1882, gov er nst hel awr el atingt osuchi nst rument .
A PowerofAt tor neyi sdef inedbySect ion2( 21)oft heSt ampAct ,asi ncludi ngorany
i
nst rumentnotchar geabl ewi thaf eeundert hel aw r elatingt ocour tf eef ort het imebei ngi nf or ce
whi chempower s"aspeci fiedper sont oactf orandi nt henameoft heper sonexecut i
ngi t ."
Posi ti
onofanAt torney-Anat tor neyappoi ntedaspower -ofat tor neyi st oal lint endsandpur posean
agenti .e.per sonempl oy edt odoanyactf oranot herort or epr esentanot heri nanydeal ingwi tht hird
par ti
es.Aper sonwi t
hwhom suchActi sdoneorwhoi ssor epr esent edi scal ledt hepr inci pal .
Ther ear et woki ndsofPower -of-At tor ney-
a. Speci alPower -of -
At tor ney-I ft heappoi nt menti smadef oraspeci f
iedactorspeci fiedact s
thedeedi scal led" speci al Power -of -At tor ney s."
b. Gener alPower -of -At tor ney-I fiti smadegener allyf orcer tainact s,itiscal led" Gener al Power -
Of -
At torney ".
Itcanbeexecut edbyanyper sonwhoi sabl et ocont ract .Except ioni smadei nt hecaseof
mar r
iedwomenwhocanexecut eP. A ev eni ft heyar emi nor s.I tneednotbeat testedorr egi stered,
buti fitgi v esaut horityt opr esentadocumentorr egi st rationunderSct ion- 32 oft heRegi strat i
onAct .
Itmustbe execut ed bef ore and aut hor icat ed by ,t he r egi straror -
sub- regi strar,orwher et he
registrat ionacti snoti nf or ce,bef or eanyMagi st rateori ti sexecut edout sideI ndi a,bef oreaNot ary
publ i
c,oranycour t,Judge,Magi st rateet c.Howev eri ti susef ult ohav ei texecut edbef or eand
aut hent icat edbyaNot ar yoranycour t,Judge,et c.Becausei nt hatcaseanycour tbef or ewhi chi tis
producedwi l
lpr esumei tgenui nenessandf ormalpr oofofexecut i
onwi llbedi spensedwi th.AP. A.i s
execut edi nt hef orm ofadeedpol l,usual l
yi nt hef irstper son,andbei ngsei ther-" Knowal lmenby
thesepr esent st hatI ,et c."Theoper ativepor tionmaki ngt heappoi nt mentar egener al l
yi nt roduced
directlywi t houtanyr eci tal sof fr eci tal sbecomenecessar yt heyshoul dbeaddedaf tert hewor ds
"Know al lmenbyt hesepr esent s"andaf terr eci talsat heoper ativepar ti si nt roduced.Thepower
conf erredont heat torneyar especi f i
cal lyst atedaf t
ert heappoi nt mentusual l
yi nsepar atepar agraphs.
Somet imesaf tergi vingspeci ficpower sagener alcauseempower ingt heat tor neyt odoal lsuch
l
awf ulact sast heat tor neyshoul dt hi nkr easonabl ei sadded,butt hi si snotor di nar i
lynecessar yas
accor di ngt oEngl i
shaut hor it
iessuchacl ausedoesnotext endorwi dent heaut hor it
y .Thenf ollowa
clauseagr eeingt oadoptt heact sandneedst ot heat torneyandt or atifyt hem.I ndr aftingcl ause
aboutspeci al powergr eatcar eshoul dbeexer cised, asaP. A.i sal way sst r
ictlyconst ruct ed.
Ithasbeenhel dt hatwher easpeci alpoweri sgi venbygener alwor ds.Theyshoul dbe
const ruedasl imitedwhati snecessar yf ort heex erci seoft hespeci al power .
* Sampl eofPower-of- At t
or ney-ThatI ,ABageabout60y ears, sonofl ateSr iG. H.r esidentof
Ex.r oadYCi t yher ebyappoi ntandconst ituteCDagedabout35y ear s.SonofSr iK. L.Resi dentofZ
readYci t
y ,myl awf ulat tor neyi nmynameandonmybehal ft oask, demandsuef oranyr ecov eryf or
execut i
onofanydecr eeorot her wi sef rom al landev er yper sonsorper sons,whosoev erconcer ned
orchar geabl et herewi llallandev erysum andsumsofmoneydebt sandi nterestt owhi chIam now
orher eaf tershal lbeent i
tledt oandgi veef fect ual di schar gef ort hesame.
Andt odoal lot herl awf ulact sdeedandt hingsi ncl udi ngt heSi gningandf il
l
ingofexecut i
on
appl i
cat ionpl aints,r etur nst at ementandcompl aintandv er i
fy i
ngt hesamei nt heev entoft hecour t
casef ort her ecov eryofanysum orsumsduet ot heef fect ual lyasIcoul ddoi fIwer eper sonal l
y
present .
Andt oHer ebyAgr eet or ect i
f yandconf i
rm al landwhat soev ert hesai dCDshal llawf ul
lydo
underorbyVi rt
ueoft hesepr esent .
Inwi t
nesswher eofI .
A. B.hav eher et o setmyhandatt heci tyofY,t hesi xt hdayof

28
Nov
ember
'2002.

Wi
tness (
Sd.
)A.
B.

1. Executants
2.
__
_ _
____
___
____
____
____
_ __
____
______
____
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
_______
__ _
_____
Q.2- WhatisDeedoflease?Draf
tit.
Ans.-
Theanswershallconsistoffoll
owingimpor t
antpoints:
Therearetwomet hodsprevalentforwrit
ingleasedeed.I nthefirstmet hodonlyoneparty
si
gnst hedeedandint hesecondmet hodbot hthepart i
essignthel easedeedandt her
eby
expressthei
rconsent.Thosedeedwhi charesignedbyonepar tyhav enoforcefrom t
he
l
egalpointofvi
ew.Howev er
,differ
entHighCour texpresseddif
fer entviewsi
nthis
connecti
on.Accordi
ngt oAll
ahabadHi ghcour t
,nolegalobligat
ionar isesoutofdeedsigned
byonlyonepartyandNagpurHi ghCourtsubscribetot hi
sview.

1)Per
iodofLease

2)I
mpor
tantaspectofal
easedeed

LeaseDeed

Met hodsf orwr i

tingleaseDeed-Ther earet womet hodspr evalentf orwr i
ti
ngl easedeed.I nthef i
rst
met hodonl yonepar t
ysi gnst hedeedandi nt hesecondmet hodbot ht hepar t
iessignt hel easedeed
andt herebyexpr essthei rconsent.Thosedeedwhi char esi gnedbyonepar tyhav enof orcefrom t he
l
egalpoi ntofv i
ew.Howev er
,differentHi ghCour texpr esseddi ff erentv iewsi nt hisconnect ion.
Accor dingt oAl l
ahabadHi ghcour t,nol egal obl i
gat i
onar isesoutofdeedsi gnedbyonl yonepar tyand
NagpurHi ghCour tsubscr ibetothisv iew.ButCal cut taCour thav eexpr esseddi ff
erentv iews.
Aftert heamendmentofsect i
on207oft heT. P.Acti n1929,I tisnecessar yt hatthebot h
parti
esmustsi gnonal easedeed.Al easedeedsi gnedbyonepar tydoesnotcr eatelegalobl i
gation.
TheSupr emeCour tofI ndiahasal soconf i
rmedt hisv iewi nAI R1958SC183.
Thesy stem ofl easei sveryol dandwhenpeopl ewer enotaccust omedofl i
t i
gat i
onev ena
l
easedeedsi gnedbyonepar t
ywasconsi der edt obebi ndingandi twasv erysel dom t hataquest i
on
aroseabouti tsv ali
dit
y.
PeriodofLease-ALeasecanbeei therf oradef initeper iodorf orev eror di
nally,l
easeofl andf or
resi
dent ialaccommodat i
onar eexecut edforaper iodof9y ears,orf ort hreey earorf orf iv
ey ears.A
l
easef ori mmov ableproper tywr i
ttenf oroney earorf ormor ethanoney earmustber egist
ered.A
l
easemaybeoft wot ypes.
a. Si mpl eleasedeedi nwhichal essordoesnott akeanyadv ancemoneyf rom thel easeandt he
l
easemoneyi spai dmont hl
y ,quarterlyorsi xmont hly
.
b. I nsecondt ypeofl ease, t
hel essort akesanadv ancesum bef or egi vi
ngl andonl and.
Impor tantAspectofal easedeed-Fol lowi ngar ei mpor tantaspect swhi chmustbement ionedi na
l
easedeed.
1. Theagr eementi nr espectofpay mentofl easemoneywhet hermont hlyorbyquar ter
lyorsi x
mont hlyory earlyagreedbet weent hepar t
iesmustbest atedi nthel easedeed.
2. Dur at
ionoft heleasef orwhicht heleasei sbei ngexecut edmustal sobement i
onedi nthedeed.
Leasedeedar eexecut edf ormonthl y,yearlyandsomet i
mef orper pet uity .

29
3. Adv ancemoneywhi chhasbeent akenmustal sobest atedbyt hemodeofi tspay mentshoul d
alsobest ated.
4. I tisal soment i
onedi nt hel easedeedast owhowi llber esponsi blef orther epai rsoft he
buildi
ngandwhowi llbeart heexpensesofsuchr epai r.
5. Taxesonbui l
dingonr ent:Or di nar i
lyGov er nmentorCor porat i
oni mposest axesonl andand
buildi
ng.I tshoul d,t herefor e,al sobement ionedast owhowi l
lpayt hesai dt axesdur ingt hel ease
period.
6. Besi det hi s,t hewayandmeanst hroughwhi cht hepr operty'ssecur ityandsaf et yi st obe
i
nsur edmustal sobement ionedi nt hel easedeed.Forexampl esomet imes,t heowneroft hel and
desirest hatnowel lbedugonhi sl andorabui ldingi ser ect ed.Hence, itisnecessar ythati tmustbe
madecl eari nt hedeed.
Simi larly,whi leexecut ingt hel easeofbui ldingi tsownermaydesi r ethatnospeci alwor kor
const r
uct i
onbemadei nt hebui ldingoranybusi nesssuchassl aught erhouseshoul dnotbest ar ted.
Ittherefore,becomesnecessar yt ost atesuchcondi tionsi nt hedeed.Someowner soft hebui l
ding
alsodesi ret hatnomat erialal ternat ivebemadei nt hei rbui lding.Theyshoul dment i
onsuchi nt heir
deeds.
LEASEDEED
THI SDEEDOFLEASEmadeont hesev ent eent hdayofApr il
,1999BETWEENRam Shanker ,
agedabout30y ear s,SonofSr iShy am Sunder ,resi dentof40, Ami nabad, Lcknow( herewi thcal l
edt he
‘
Lessor ’)oft hesonepar tANDOm Pr akashagedabout35y earssonofSr iRam Pr akash,r esi dentof
75, GaneshGanj , Lucknow( her ei naf t
ercal ledt he‘ LESSEE’ )oft het heot herpar t:
WHEREASt hel essori st heabsol ut eownerofal andmeasur i
ng150’x90’si t
uatedonSt at i
on
Road, inf r
ontofRav indraal ay a, Lucknow, mor especi f
ical lydescr i
bedi nt heSchedul eher eto, whi chi s
freef r
om al lencumbr anceswhat soev erandt heLesseewant st ot aket hesai dl andonl easef or
const r
uct i
ngahousef orr esident i
al pur poses:
ANDWHEREASt hel essorhasagr eedt odosao;
NowTHEREFORETHI SDEEDbywayofl easei s, executedbet weent hepar tiesont erms
andcondi tionsset tledbet weent hem asdet ai l
edbel ow: -
1.Thatt heLeseewi l
lpayt her entoft hel andl easedoutt ohi m atanyy earlyrentofRupeesOne
thousandt wel vehundr edonl y( Rs.1, 200/ -)onl yandt hatt hetenancywi l
lcommencef rom t he
fi
rstdayofJune, 1999.
2.Thatt hel easewi l
lr emai ni nf or cef orfifty( 5)y ear sandt hataf tert heexpi ryofthesai dper i
od
theLessormayatt her equestandcostoft heLesseer enewt hel easeunderf reshcov enant s;
3.Thatdur ingt hesai dt erm ofl easet heLesseewi llpayal lexist i
ngandf utureMuni cipalt axes
andot herchar gespay abl ei nr espectoft hesai dl andort hebui ldingt obeer ectedt her eupon;
4.Thatt heLesseeshal lnotcar ryt radeorbusi nessupont hesai dl andori nbui l
di nger ected
thereupon;
5.Thatt heLesseewi llldur ingt het erm oft hel easehol dandenj oyt hel andl easedoutt ohi m or
thebui ldinger ecteduponi twi thoutanyLawf uli nterrupt i
onbyt heLessororanyot herper son
whosoev er .
PROVI DEDALWAYSTHATi fandwhent hesai dannul ar entoranypar tthereofbei nar rear sf or
fi
fteen( 15)day sori ft her eshal lbeanybr eachofanyoft heLessee’ sconv enant sher ein
cont ained,i tshal lbel awf ulf ort heLessort or e-ent erlandl easedoutt otheLesseeort he
buildinger ect edt he4euponandt er mi natet hi slease.
IN WI TNESSWHEREOFoft hepar ti
esher etohav eher eundersi gnedt hi
sdeedont he
sevent eent hdayofApr il
, 1972.
Sd/ -Ram Shankar
Lessor ,

30
 (Sd/)Om Pr akash
Lessee.
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Q.3- Doy ouagreethatconveyanci
ngisdependentonpr acti
ceorlaworonbot h?
Ans.

Theanswershal
lconsi
stoff
oll
owi
ngi
mpor
tantpoi
nts:

Conv eyancing–I nl aw,conveyancingisthet ransferofl

egalti
tleofrealpropert
yf r
om one
persont oanot herort hegranti
ngofanencumbr ancesuchasamor t
gageoral ien.
Conv eyancingpr ocessexplained:ForBuy ers.Thisisaguideexplaini
ngt heconv ey
ancing
processwhenbuy ingahome.Conv ey
ancingi nvol
v esl
egall
ytransf
erringhomeowner ship
fr
om t hesellertothebuy er.Itst
artswheny ourofferonahousei saccept edandf i
nishes
wheny oureceivet hekeys.Conv eyancingisanecessar yprocessinbot hbuyingandsel l
ing
property.Apr ofessionalconveyanceror

conveyanci
ngsoli
cit
orhel
pswi t
hthesettl
ementandti
tl
etransf
erprocessbyensuri
ngt
hat
thei
rcli
entismeeti
ngalll
egalobli
gat
ionsandthatt
hei
rcli
ent’
sright
sareprot
ecteddur
ing
thi
stransacti
on.

In ordert o compr ehend t hepr operconnot at i

on oft het er m “ Conv ey ance’i ti sl egalmeani ng,
ordinar l
il
yspeaki ngt het erm“ Conv ey”impl iest het ransf erofpr oper tyf rom oneper sont oanot herby
meansofawr i
tingandot herf or mal i
ties.“ Conv ey ance”i ni tswi destsensei samodebywhi ch
proper tyi sconv ey edorv olunt ari
lyt ransf er r
edf rom oneper sont oanot herbymeansofawr i
tten
i
nstrumentandot herf ormal it
ies.Thet er mi s somet i
mesusedt osigni fy( i)thei nstrument ,itself;or
(i
i)theactbywhi chat itl
ei spr ofessedorat tempt edt obepassed;and( ii
i)somet imesast heef fect
produced,byt heoper ationofsuchactori nst rument ,ont het hingandt het i
tlet oit.Thet erm
“Conv ey ancing”t her ef ore, i
ncl udesbot ht hesci enceandactoft ransfer ri
ngt i
tlest opr oper tyf r
om one
persont oanot her ;t hepr act iceofpr epar i
ngdeedsf orexecut i
on.Thesubj ect -mat teofconv eyance
maybesai dt obet hel aw r elati
ngt ot het r
ansf erofpr oper tyandr ightsi nt henat ureofpr oper ty
,
wher eanydocumenti susedf orthepur pose.Aper sonmayt ransf erhi spr opr i
et aryrightsi nanyone
ofv ar i
ousf or ms.Hemay ,f orconv eyanci ngconsi stsi nt hepr epar at i
onoft hedocument s,usedf or
thesai dpur poses( e.g.f ort hepur poseofsel l
ing,ormor tgagi ngapr oper ty,et c.).Atanot herpl ace,
thet erms“ Conv ey anci ng”hasbeendei nf dascompr isingal lthoset ransact i
onsbywhi chl egalr ights
arecr eat edandl egal relationsbet weenper sonsar ebr oughti nt oexi st ence.
Itmaynotbeoutofpl aceofpoi ntouther et hati nEngl andconv ey ancinghasbeenhonour able
partoft hewor koft hel egalpr ofessi onf orov eracent urybuti nourcount r
yi thasnev erbeen
practised‘ asanar t’.Admi tt edlytheI ndianLegalPr ofessi onwasgener allyapat het i
ctot hisbr anchof
l
egal knowl edge.Notl ongago, i
twasconsi der edasnotsi gni fiedenough.I npr act ice,therefor e,itwas
l
eftagooddealt oscr i
bbl eofpet i
tionwr i
ters.Thesepeopl e,notbei ngexper t
si nt hewor k, depended
ont heknowl edgeofcer tainsetf ormsofv ari
ousdeedsandbyexper ienceadapt edt hem and
necessar yv ocabul aryt ot hepur posei nt hei rhands.Butabsenceofexper tl egalknowl edgewasa
handi capi nt heirwor k.I ti s,ther efore,aheal thysi gnt hatt hesai dapat hyi schangi nghandi n
recogni tion ofi tsi mpor tance.“ Conv ey anci ng”has been pr escribed by t he BarCounci las t
compul sorysubj ectf ortheLawExami nat ionst hroughoutI ndi a.Soi tmaybeexpect edt hatincomi ng

31
yearsl awy erswi llbebet terequi ppedandt r
ainedf ort hiswor kbeexpect edt hati ncomi ngy ears
l
ayer swi llbebet terequi ppedandt rainedf orthiswor kbeshoul dt aket oitli
kewor kandshoul dt ake
toitl ikeduckt owat erwi thoutanyhesi tati
on.Thewor kmaybef urtherfacil
itat
edi fourPar li
ament ,
whichhashi thertobeeni ndif
ferenti nthisdi r
ection,enact sal awont hemat ter“lay ingdownwhata
conv ey anci ngchance, andwhati tneednot ,contain,andpr ovi
dingasetofaut horitativef
orms, ont he
l
inesofEngl i
shact s.TheLegi slationwi l
lofi tsel
fcont ri
but et osimpl ici
tyinthewor kofdraf t
ingand
wil
lst ripthef ormsofconv eyancingofcedi azeandexpr essi onswhi chmaybeunnecessar y.Unt i
lt hi
s
i
sachi evedt heEngl i
shf ormsmayber etai
nedwi thalterationswher evernecessar y.Howev er,slav i
sh
i
mi tat i
onoft heEngl i
shpr ecedent shast obeav oidedf orsomeexpr essionsusedi nt hosepr ecedent s
are“ inappr opr i
ate”and‘ inappli
cabl e”tothecondi ti
onsi nourcount ryandsev eralot hersareunknown
here.
KindsofDeed- Deedsar edi vi
dedi ntot wogr oupsnamel y,Deedpol landI ndent ur
e.Undert he
deedpoolt heper sonwi thwhom t hecov enantwasmadecoul dal way ssueoni t,thoughhewas,of
cour se,nopar t
yt othedeedbuti ncaseofani ndent ureordeedi nt erpartes,aper sonwhoi snota
partyt ot hecont ractcannotsue.
Ultimatelywecansayt hatconv eyancingisamat terofpr acticeandknowl edgeofl awbot h.A
personhav ingknowl edgeofl awi sr eall
ygooddr aftsmani ntheCour t.

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