8

English
Quarter 4–Module 7:
Using Direct and Reported Speech in Journalistic Contexts

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Jenifer D. Vega
Editor: Keena Marie M. Sibug
Reviewer: June D. Cunanan
Layout Artist: Froilan Isip

Management Team: Edgard C. Domingo.,PhD, CESO V-SDS

Melissa S. Sanchez, EdD CESE – ASDS
Shirley B. Zipagan, EdD CESE – ASDS
Celia R. Lacanlale PhD, CID Chief
Arceli S. Lopez PhD, SGOD Chief
Ruby M. Jimenez PhD, EPS-LRMS
June D. Cunanan EPS- English

Published by the Department of Education, Schools Division of Pampanga

Office Address: High School Boulevard, Brgy. Lourdes, City of San Fernando,
Pampanga
Telephone No: (045) 435-2728
E-mail Address: pampanga@deped.gov.ph

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Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Grade 8 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module Using Direct and
Reported Speech in Journalistic Contexts!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from public
institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards
set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the
needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will
help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the
tasks included in the module.

For the Learner:

Welcome to the English 8 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module Using Direct and
Reported Speech in Journalistic Contexts!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

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 What I Need to Know

For the learner

This module will assist you in using direct and reported speech in journalistic
contexts.
Please help the learners in sharing their ideas and knowledge from their
experiences so that there will be collaboration and learning will be easy.
Answers are written at the back of this module. Inculcate to the learners the
value of honesty and love for family and friends.
The learner transfers learning by composing a variety of journalistic texts, the
contents of which may be used in composing and delivering a memorized oral
speech featuring use of properly acknowledged information sources, grammatical
signals for opinion-making, persuasion, and emphasis, and appropriate prosodic
features, stance and behavior

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. Identify direct and indirect/reported speeches;
2. transform direct speeches to indirect or reported; and
3. use of direct and reported speech in journalistic writing.

What I Know

1. Tom said, 'I want to visit my friends this weekend.'

A. Tom said he wants to visit his friends that weekend.
B. Tom said he wanted to visit his friends that weekend.
C. Tom said he wanted to visit his friends this weekend.
2. Jerry said, 'I'm studying English a lot at the moment.'
A. Jerry said he was studying English a lot at that moment.
B. Jerry said he was studying English a lot at the moment.
C. Jerry said I was studying English a lot at that moment.
3. They said, 'We've lived here for a long time.'
A. They said they have lived there for a long time.
B. They said they lived here for a long time.
C. They said they had lived there for a long time.
4. He asked me, 'Have you finished reading the newspaper?'
A. He asked me if had I finished reading the newspaper.
B. He asked me if I had finished reading the newspaper.
C. He asked me if I finished reading the newspaper.
5. She said, 'I really wish I had bought that new car.'
A. She told me she really wished she bought that new car.
B. She told me she really had wished she had bought that new car.
C. She told me she really wished she had bought that new car.

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Lesson Using Direct and Reported Speech in

1 Journalistic Contexts

Direct speech is a sentence that gives a statement or thought in its original form
while reported speech is a sentence that expresses the content of the statement without
quoting it. Knowing the use of these, it warns against long and tedious conversation rather
makes the reader interested and author in control.

What’s In

A. Read the following statements. Then, choose the letter of the correct answer. Do this on
your answer sheet.
1. The communication or expression of thoughts in spoken words. A form of communication
through a talk given to an audience.
A. Drama C. Speech
B. Essay D. Theatre
2. One way to create emphasis in your speech is to stress important points through:
A. Repetition
B. Use of signposts
C. Paraphrasing confusing questions
D. Both a & b
3. It gives the audience a sense of why the subject matter of the speech is relevant or
important, sets the stage and prepares them for the main ideas of the speech to come.
A. Body C. Introduction
B. Conclusion D. None of the above
4. The part of speech at which you go into full detail about each of your main points.
A. Body C. Introduction
B. Conclusion D. None of the above
5. It summarizes your main points and to prepare the audience for the end of your speech.
A. body C. introduction
B. conclusion D. none of the above

Notes to the Teacher

The teacher must consider the prerequisite skills needed in the development of this
competency including the schema or background knowledge which may reinforce learning. This
module will help the learners bridge the gap of learning to attain mastery of the lesson in its spiral
progression.

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 What’s New

Read and analyze the following paragraphs. Then answer the questions that follow.

Process Questions:
1. How are the speeches of the speakers structured in the given comic strips?
2. How were the ideas on the left column transformed in the right column?
3. What is a direct speech? Indirect speech?

What is It

Discussion

Direct and Indirect Speech

A direct speech is a sentence that gives a statement or thought in its original form
according to how the original speaker said it.
Example: Marilyn said, “I mailed the letter yesterday”.

An indirect speech is a sentence that expresses the content of a statement without

quoting just like what I done in direct speech.
Example: Marilyn said that she mailed the letter the previous day.

To change a direct speech to a reported speech and vice versa, you need to take note of
the following important details:
1. Remove comma and inverted commas.
2. Put "that" between the reporting and reported speeches.(it is optional to put "that"
between the reporting and reported speech)
3. Change the 1st letter of reported speech into small letter except for "I"
4. Change the pronoun of the direct speech according to the rules
5. Change the tense of the direct speech appropriately according to rules.
6. Change the words expressing nearness in time or places of the direct speech into its
appropriate words expressing distance.

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 Rules for changing Direct into Indirect Speech

1. The past tense is often used when it is uncertain if the statement is true or when we
are reporting objectively

Indirect Speech Conversion Direct Speech Condition

Present Tenses in the Direct If the reporting or principal verb is in the Past Tense.
Speech are changed into Past
Tense.
If in direct speech you find say/says or will say.
Do Not Change Tense of reported
Direct speech the words within the quotation marks
Speech in Indirect Speech
talk of a universal truth or habitual action.
sentence
The reporting verb is in a present tense.

1. When there are two sentences combined with the help of a conjunction and both
sentences have got different tenses. Then change the tenses of both sentences
according to the rule.
2. Words expressing nearness in time or places are generally changed into words
expressing distance.

 Change of place and time

Direct Speech Word Indirect Speech Word

Here There
Today That day
This morning That morning
Yesterday The day before
Tomorrow The next day
Next week The following week
Next month The following month
Now Then
Ago Before
Thus So
Last night The night before
This That
These Those

 Change in Pronouns
The pronouns of the Direct Speech are changed where necessary, according to their
relations with the reporter and his hearer, rather than with the original speaker. If we change
direct speech into indirect speech, the pronouns will change in the following ways.
Rules Direct Speech Indirect Speech
The first person of the reported She says, "I am in tenth She says, "I am in tenth
speech changes according to class." class."
the subject of reporting
speech.
The second person of reported He says to them, "You have He tells them that they
speech changes according to completed your job." have completed their job.
the object of reporting speech.
The third person of the She says, "She is in tenth She says that she is in
reported speech doesn't class." tenth class.
change.

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 Change in Tenses
The past perfect and past perfect continuous tenses do not change.
Rules
Simple Present changes
to Simple Past
Present Continuous
changes to
Past Continuous
Present Perfect changes
to Past Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous
changes to
Past Perfect Continuous
Simple Past changes
to Past Perfect
Past Perfect changes
to Past Perfect (no change
In Tense)
Past Continuous changes
to Past Perfect Continuous
Future changes
to Present Conditional
Future Continuous changes
to Conditional Continuous
Direct Speech
"I always drink coffee", she
said
"I am reading a book", he
explained.
She said, "He has finished
his work"
"I have been to Spain", he
told me.
"Bill arrived on Saturday",
he said.
"I had just turned out the
light," he explained.
"We were living in Paris",
they told me.
"I will be in Geneva on
Monday", he said
She said, "I'll be using the
car next Friday."
Indirect Speech
She said that she always
drank coffee.
He explained that he was
reading a book
She said that he had
finished his work.
He told me that he had been
to Spain.
He said that Bill had arrived
on Saturday
He explained that he had
just turned out the light.
They told me that they had
been living in Paris.
He said that he would be in
Geneva on Monday.
She said that she would be
using the car next Friday.

 Changes in Modals
Rules Direct Speech Indirect Speech
Can changes into He said, "I can drive a car". He said that he could drive a
Could car.
May changes into He said, "I may buy a computer" He said that he might buy a
Might computer.
Must changes into He said, "I must work hard" He said that he had to work
Had to hard.
These Modals Do Not Change: would, could, might, should, ought to
Would They said, "we would apply for a They said that they would
visa" apply for visa.
Could He said, "I could run faster" He said that he could run
faster.
Might John said, "I might meet him". John said that he might meet
him.
Should He said, "I should avail the He said that he should avail
opportunity" the opportunity.
Ought to He said to me, "you ought to wait He said to me that I ought to
for him" wait for him.
 Changes for Imperative Sentences
Imperative sentences consist any of these four things:
 Order
 Request
 Advice
 Suggestion

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 Most commonly used words to join clauses together are ordered, requested, advised
and suggested. Forbid(s)/ forbade is used for the negative sentences.

Mood of Sentence in Direct Speech Reporting verb in indirect verb

Order ordered
Request requested / entreated
Advice advised / urged
Never told, advised or forbade (No need of "not" after
"forbade")
Direction directed
Suggestion suggested to
Warning warn
(If a person is addressed directly) called

 Rules for conversion of Indirect Speech to Direct Speech

To change from Indirect to Direct Speech, keep the rules of the Direct Speech are
applied in the reverse order.
1. Use the reporting verb, "say" or "said to" in its correct tense.
2. Remove the conjunctions "that, to, if or whether etc". wherever necessary.
3. Insert quotation marks, question mark, exclamation and full stop, wherever
necessary.
4. Put a comma before the statement.
5. Write the first word of the statement with capital letter.
6. Change the past tense into present tense wherever the repoting verb is in the past
tense.
7. Convert the past perfect either into past tense or present perfect as found necessary.
8. Be careful about the order of words in the question.

The following table will enable to find the kind of sentence:

Indirect (Conjunction) Direct (Kind of Sentence)

That Statement (or) Exclamatory sentence
to, not to Imperative
requested + to Begin the imperative sentence with "please"
if or whether Interrogative sentence (Helping Verb +
Subject + Main Verb + ...?)
What, When, How etc., (Wh or How + Helping Verb + Subject +
Main Verb + ...?)

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 What’s More

Independent Activity 1

Read the news article below. Then answer the questions that follow. Write your answers on
your answer sheet.

Romualdez: Bangon fund to help beat COVID

by Ryan Ponce Pacpaco

HOUSE Majority Leader and Leyte Rep. Martin Romualdez on Tuesday said he is hoping
the newly-ratified P165.5 billion “Babangon Tayo Fund” or the coronavirus disease-19
(COVID-19) roadmap for economic recovery will give an initial life-restoring boost to the
country‟s economy.

“The Babangon Fund is focused on Kaligtasan, Kabuhayan, at Kaunlaran of Filipinos. This

will help strengthen the government‟s COVID-19 response capabilities and hasten the
rehabilitation and recovery of businesses and industries affected by pandemic,” said
Romualdez, chairman of the powerful House committee on rules.

“The law empowered the national government and local government units to respond to the
crisis, enabling us to slow down the rate of infection and spare our people from starvation
caused by community quarantines,” explained Romualdez, President of the Lakas-Christian
Muslim Democrats (CMD) and Philippine Constitution Association (Philconsa), explained.

As of press time, Romualdez said Congress is rushing the Palace transmittal of the enrolled
bill or the final version of the “Babangon Tayo Fund”, also known as Bayanihan to Recover
as One Act 2 for President Rodrigo “Rody” Duterte‟s signature.

“We expect the enactment into law of this measure by September,” said Romualdez,
chairman of the powerful House committee on rules, on the measure where the bicameral
conference committee adopted last week the 40 key provisions in the House version of the
Babangon Fund.

Romualdez said Babangon Tayo Fund has provisions that would allow the chamber to
scrutinize the strict implementation of programs related to COVID-19 response and
emergency subsidy to cash strapped individuals.

Romualdez also noted that the law now mandates all government agencies concerned to
submit to Congress a definitive and actual list of SAP beneficiaries.

https://archive.journal.com.ph/news/nation/romualdez-bangon-fund-help-beat-covid

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 1. What type of text is the article?
A. News article C. Sports news
B. Editorial article D. Feature article
2. What is the article about?
A. Roadmap for economic recovery
B. Strict implementation of government‟s programs
C. Ratification of the Babangon Tayo fund to help beat COVID-19
D. Empowered the national government and local government units to respond to
the crisis
3. Which of the Wh-questions is/are answered by the headline?
A. Who and What C. Who and Where
B. Why and How D. What and Why

Independent Assessment 1

Refer back to the news article under the Independent Activity 1. Then do the activity
that follows. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
A. List down three (3) reported speech.
1. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

B. List down three (3) direct speech

4. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
6. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Independent Activity 2

Read the following excerpts from news articles. Tell whether each statement is direct or
indirect/reported speech. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
1. DEPARTMENT of Education Secretary Leonor Briones reported Monday that 85.07
percent of target learners have enrolled for the incoming school year which opens on
October 5.
https://archive.journal.com.ph/news/nation/85-percent-target-learners-have-enrolled
2. "And also, the migration of learners from private schools to public schools, seems to
be calming (down) already, because our economy is opening already," Briones said.
https://archive.journal.com.ph/news/nation/85-percent-target-learners-have-enrolled

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 3. “I was just glad and thankful that I was here and able to play in this tournament,” said
Saso, who overcame back-to-back double bogeys early in the final round to make the
playoff.
https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2021/06/07/more-sports/golf/yuka-saso-us-womens-open/
4. “To all my friends and fans back in the Philippines and Japan, I‟m really thankful. I
hope I can keep this going,” she said.
https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2021/06/07/more-sports/golf/yuka-saso-us-womens-open/
5. In a statement sent to People's Journal, the MVPSF said the additional funding was
given as Yulo continues his preparations for the Tokyo Olympic Games which was
postponed to next year because of the coronavirus pandemic that's still plaguing the
sporting world.
https://archive.journal.com.ph/sports/other-sports/olympic-bound-yulo-gets-extra-help-mvpsf

Independent Assessment 2

Read the direct speech and correct errors in the indirect speech. Underline your answer from
the given option.

1. “Around 37.63 percent or 1,805 out of 4,797 isolation beds, and 34.63 percent or
1,250 of 3,610 ward beds in NCR are occupied,” said the DOH.
The DOH said that around 37.63 percent, or 1,805 out of 4,797 isolation beds, and
34.63 percent, or 1,250 of 3,610 ward beds, in NCR (are, were, are being, were
being) occupied.

2. “President Duterte will leave it to God on whether he will run for vice president,” said
Presidential spokesperson Harry Roque.
Presidential spokesperson Harry Roque said that President Duterte (leave, will
leave, would leave, would have leave) it to God” on whether he will run for vice
president.

3. "For the past decades, our government has not invested in digital infrastructure and
learning management systems both for elementary, secondary and tertiary
institutions,” Cayetano said.
Cayetano said that for the past decades, our government (has, have, had, had
been) not invested in digital infrastructure and learning management systems both
for elementary, secondary and tertiary institutions,” Cayetano said.

4. "This entails empowering rural women and providing them equal opportunities and
benefits, in terms of DA technical assistance and interventions, similar to their male
counterparts," Mula said.
Mula said that (this entails, that entails, this entailed, that entailed) benefits, in
terms of DA technical assistance and interventions, similar to their male counterparts.

5. "The pin placements today were pretty tough. They were either tucked in the back or
all the way up in front," said the 22-year-old Pagdanganan.
The 22-year-old Pagdanganan said that pin placements (today, that day, the other
day, yesterday) were pretty tough. They were either tucked in the back or all the
way up in front.

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Independent Activity 3
1. Medical experts said, “We must use masks properly to avoid spread of COVID-19.”
A. Medical experts said that we had to use masks properly to avoid spread of
COVID-19.
B. Medical experts said “We must use masks properly to avoid spread of COVID-
19.”
C. Medical experts said that we must use masks properly to avoid spread of COVID-
19.”
2. Dr. Rabindra Abeyasinghe, WHO Representative to the Philippines, reported
“WHO is working to ensure that all sectors have the chance of being tested at the
initial stage of development.”
A. Dr. Rabindra Abeyasinghe, WHO Representative to the Philippines, reports that
WHO is working to ensure that all sectors will have the chance of being tested at
the initial stage of development.”
B. Dr. Rabindra Abeyasinghe, WHO Representative to the Philippines, reported that
WHO is working to ensure that all sectors will have the chance of being tested at
the initial stage of development.”
C. Dr. Rabindra Abeyasinghe, WHO Representative to the Philippines, reported
that WHO was working to ensure that all sectors would have the chance of being
tested at the initial stage of development.”
3. "I believe with the proper training and proper mentality Pacquiao will win his next title
match,” Donaire stated.
A. Donaire stated that he believed with the proper training and proper mentality
Pacquiao would win his next title match.
B. I believe with the proper training and proper mentality Pacquiao will win his next
title match, Donaire stated.
C. Donaire stated that he believes with the proper training and proper mentality
Pacquiao would win his next title match.
4. “The government‟s response to the COVID-19 crisis has been „excellent,” President
Rodrigo Duterte said.
A. President Rodrigo Duterte‟s said that the government‟s response to the COVID-
19 crisis had been „excellent.‟
B. President Rodrigo Duterte‟s said “the government‟s response to the COVID-19
crisis has been „excellent.‟”
C. The government‟s response to the COVID-19 crisis has been „excellent,‟
President Rodrigo Duterte said
5. Sec Briones said, “Aside from being non-sustainable, modular type of learning is also
destructive to the environment, as bond papers are made from trees.
A. Sec Briones said that aside from being non-sustainable, modular type of learning
was also destructive to the environment, as bond papers were made from trees.
B. Sec Briones said aside from being non-sustainable, modular type of learning is
also destructive to the environment, as bond papers are made from trees.
C. Aside from being non-sustainable, modular type of learning was also destructive
to the environment, as bond papers were made from trees, said Sec Briones.

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Independent Assessment 3

The following statements are newspaper articles taken from various sources. Transform the
direct speeches to reported speech. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
1. “Imports were up across all subsectors with capital goods, raw materials, fuel and
consumer imports all posting triple-digit gains,” Mapa noted.
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
2. “The spike in the number of cases is due to an increase in reported cases in Asia and
the Pacific,” the DFA said.
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
3. “We are losing ground in the fight against child labor, and the last year has not made
that fight any easier,” UNICEF executive director Henrietta Fore said.
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
4. “The matter of territorial dispute has to be resolved in the diplomatic negotiating table
or by the dictates of international law,” Panelo said.
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
5. “Melatonin is not a direct viricidal agent, but it may help neutralize the deleterious
effects of the SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19.
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

What I Have Learned

Complete the following sentences by supplying the missing words/ideas. Write your answers
on your answer sheet.
1. A direct speech _______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2. An indirect speech ____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. In changing direct to indirect speech, there is a need to change in ____________,
____________, ____________, and ____________

What I Can Do

Clip an article (news, sports, feature, etc.) from a newspaper (print or online). Then write/
underline the direct and indirect speeches.

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 Assessment

A. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
1. Direct speech is the reporting of the speech by …
a. using similar words to the speaker.
b. rephrasing what the speaker said.
c. repeating the exact words of the speaker.
d. the reporting of speech at the exact time it was said.
2. Indirect speech is also known as…
a. repeated speech c. reported speech
b. repeated statements d. reported statements
3. Quotation marks are needed for __________.
a. direct speech c. direct sentence
b. indirect speech d. repeated speech
4. Convert the following sentence into indirect speech:
The policeman ordered the killer, "Put down your weapon."
a. "Put down your weapon," the policeman ordered the killer.
b. The policeman ordered the killer to put down his weapon.
c. Put down your weapon ordered the policeman to the killer.
d. The policeman ordered the killer “Put down your weapon.”
5. Convert the following statement into direct speech: She asked the President
when they could receive the vaccine from China.
a. The President was asked when they could receive the vaccine from China.
b. When can we receive the vaccine from China Mr. President?
c. “President, when can we receive the vaccine from China?” She asked
d. She asked the President, “When can we receive the vaccine from China?”

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 Additional Activities

Write a 5-7- paragraph article (news, sports or feature) using at least 2 direct and 2 indirect
speeches. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
Rubric in evaluating the article

Criteria 4 3 2 1 0
Factual Four or more Three facts Two facts are One fact is No fact included
information facts are are included included in included in in the article
included in in the article the article the article
the article
Accuracy All facts are Three facts Two facts are One fact is All facts are
accurate are accurate accurate accurate inaccurate
Organization The article is The article is The article is The article is The article is
well- well- well- well- disorganized and
organized organized organized organized difficult to follow.
and written in with one with two with three There are more
logical order. minor error. minor error. minor error. than three
content errors.
Mechanics The article is The article The article The article All sentences in
free from has 1-2 has 3-4 has 5 or the article contain
grammar and grammar and grammar and more grammar and
spelling spelling spelling grammar and spelling errors.
errors. errors. errors. spelling
errors.
Use of direct The article The article The article The article The article uses
& Indirect uses 2 or uses 2 or uses 1 or uses only 1 no direct and
speeches more direct more direct more direct direct or indirect
and 2 or more and 2 or more and 1 or more indirect speeches.
indirect indirect indirect speech
speeches speeches speeches
https://www.tpsnva.org/teach/l_p/047/newspaper_rubric.pdf

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 Answer Key

Independent
Assessment 1 What I Know
Answers may vary 1. B
Answers may vary
2. C
Additional Activity 3. C
Independent Activity 1 4. B
5. C
1. Reported
D 5. 2. Direct
B 4. 3. Direct What’s In
4. Direct
A 3. 1. C
5. Reported
D 2. 2. A
C 1. 3. C
Assessment Independent 4. A
Assessment 2 5. B

Answers may vary 1. were What's More

2. would leave
What I Can Do 3. had Independent Activity 1
4. that entailed
Modals 5. that day 1. A
Pronouns, Tense, 2. C
3. Place and Time, 3. A
2. Answer may vary Independent Activity 3
1. Active voice
1. Answer may vary 1. A
2. Direct speech
What I have Learned 2. C
3. A
Answers may vary 4. A
5. A
Assessment 3
Independent

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References
CanStock.Inc 2020 “Woman with social media icons”. CanStock.Inc. Accessed June 8, 2020.
https://www.canstockphoto.com/woman-with-social-media-icons-68789356.html

Direct and Indirect Speech. http://www.olabs.edu.in/?sub=84&brch=26&sim=196&cnt=499

Duterte against spirit of charter lawyers say. https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1444637/vp-duterte-against-spirit-of-
charter-lawyers-say

English Grammar Here 2020 “Direct and Indirect Speech With Examples and Detailed Explanations”
englishgrammarhere.com. Accessed June 12, 2020. https://englishgrammarhere.com/reported-
speech/direct-and-indirect-speech-with-examples-and-detailed-explanations/

Glencoe 2000.” Direct and Indirect Speech”. Grammar Composition Handbook, High School 1. Ohio, USA

Grand Valley State University. “Active and Passive Voice”. Gvsu.com. Accessed June 9, 2020.
https://www.gvsu.edu/cms4/asset/CC3BFEEB-C364-E1A1-
A5390F221AC0FD2D/active_and_passive_voice_with_comic.pdf

Reported Speech. https://www.thoughtco.com/reported-speech-quiz-for-english-learners-4061537

Romualdez: Bangon fund help beat covid. https://archive.journal.com.ph/news/nation/romualdez-

bangon-fund-help-beat-covid
Royal Editing 2020. “Important Difference Between Direct and Indirect Speech”. Royaledting.com. Accessed
June 11, 2020. http://royalediting.com/important-difference-between-direct-and-indirect-speech

Zee pedia.com 2020. “Active and Passive Voice” Zeepedia.com. Accessed June 9, 2020.
https://www.zeepedia.com/read.php?active_and_passsive_voice_journalistic_writing&b=79&c=12

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Pampanga, Learning

Resource Management System

High School Boulevard, Brgy. Lourdes, City of San Fernando

Pampanga, Philippines 1200

Telephone No: (045) 435-2728

Email Address: pampanga@deped.gov.ph

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