Protection Application Protection in Breaker

Handbook and Half

Configuration
© ABB Group - 1 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
© ABB Group - 2 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
Some comments on CT locations
according to alternative 1
 Fault at F1 will be cleared instantaneously
 Fault at F2 will be cleared through LBB
 For fault in overlapped zone both circuits get
disconected
 In parallel connected CTs there could be
dissimilar performance resulting in out of
balance current
 Autoreclosing takes place for faults in parallel
connected CTs
© ABB Group - 3 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system

Problem of matching
parallel connected
CTs is not existant
Separate stub
protection can be
connected
Ratio of CT can be
selected to match
rating of circuit
© ABB Group - 4 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
© ABB Group - 5 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
Protection equipment associated with one and a half CB
system
© ABB Group - 6 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
Block diagram of trip and reclosing cooperation in breaker
and half system for a line transformer diameter
© ABB Group - 7 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system

Autoreclosure

 Protections that start Autoreclosure

 Main1 Protection
 Main 2 Protection
 Protections that block Autoreclosure
 Breaker fail relay
 Line reactor protection
 Over voltage protection
 Direct transfer trip receive
 Bus bar protection
 Zone 2&3 of distance protection
 Carrier fail condition
© ABB Group - 8 -

 CB problems
Sep 16, 2017

 Directional earth fault protection (IDMT)

 Protection in breaker and half system
© ABB Group - 9 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system

Priority Unit

 Priority unit allows closing of one breaker first

and upon successful reclosing of this breaker
the second breaker is allowed to close
 This reduces wear and tear of breaker when
they are to reclose on persistent faults
© ABB Group - 10 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system

Auto reclosure circuits

 If DC supply to the group in which reclosing

relay is connected fails in the event of asingle
phase fault only the protection in the other
group operates and gives single phase trip
signal to breakers but there will be no
autoreclosing
 To avoid this DC fail relay of auto reclose DC
circuit converts single phase trip impulse of
line protection in the other group to three
phase trip
© ABB Group - 11 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
© ABB Group - 12 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
© ABB Group - 13 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
Direct trip to remote end breaker is sent
under the following conditions
 Manual trip or automatic trip of main breaker
when the tie breaker is open
 Manual trip or automatic trip of tie breaker
when main breaker is open
 Breaker fail relay of main breaker operated
 Breaker fail relay of tie breaker operated
 Three phase unit A or B operated
 Bus bar protection operated (If tie CB Open)
© ABB Group - 14 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
Trip logic – Line protection
© ABB Group - 15 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system

Line and Reactor Protection Cubicles

 Group A and Group B protections are

connected to separate DC source and are in
separate cubicles
 CT and PT connections are from independent
cores
 Over voltage protection is duplicated
 Direct trip channels are separate for group A
and B
© ABB Group - 16 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system

Line and Reactor Protection Cubicles

 Reactor protections are grouped as under

Group -A Group -B
Reactor dif relay Buchholz trip
Back up relay Restricted E/F relay
Oil temp trip Winding temp trip
Pressure relief trip Oil level high/low trip
Fire Protection trip
© ABB Group - 17 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
Trip logic – Transformer protection
© ABB Group - 18 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system

Transformer Protection Cubicles

 These are not duplicated but grouped as under

Group -A Group -B
Biased diff relay High imp diff relay
Back-Up relay (HV) Buchholz trip
Over fluxing relay Restricted E/F relay
Oil temp trip Back-Up relay (LV)
Pressure relief trip Overload relay
Delta wdg protection Wdg temp trip
OLTC trip
Oil level high/low
Neutral e/f relay
© ABB Group - 19 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
Trip logic – Line CB
© ABB Group - 20 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
Trip logic – Tie CB
© ABB Group - 21 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
Trip logic – Transformer CB
© ABB Group - 22 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system

Breaker Relay Panels

 Trip Unit A trips TC-1 and Trip Unit B Trips

TC-2 and these are housed in different
cubicles
 Auto reclose relay is in Group A
 Breaker fail relay is in Group B
 If tripping of both TC1 and TC2 is arranged
from these trip units , both group A and Group
B breaker relays can be housed in one
cubicle
© ABB Group - 23 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
Protection cubicles for line transformer diameter
© ABB Group - 24 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
Protection cubicles for line transformer diameter
© ABB Group - 25 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
Bus bar protection
© ABB Group - 26 -
Sep 16, 2017
 Protection in breaker and half system
© ABB Group - 27 -
Sep 16, 2017