Hydraulic Braking system: Definition, Principle, Diagram,

Components, Working, Application, Advantages [with

Pdf]
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January 24, 2021

Contents

What is Hydraulic Braking System?

Hydraulic Braking system working principle:
Hydraulic braking system diagram:
Hydraulic Braking system construction:
Hydraulic Braking system working:
Hydraulic Braking system advantages:
Hydraulic Braking system applications:
Difference between hydraulic and mechanical brakes

What is Hydraulic Braking System?

A hydraulic braking system in automobiles is the brake operating system which uses
fluid for their operation. It is highly efficient braking system.

It is self-lubrication system hence no external lubrication is required.

In this system, With less effort, we can achieve high braking force.

Hydraulic Braking system working principle:

The hydraulic braking system works on the principle of Pascal’s Law.

PASCAL’S LAW:-  The pascal law states that “Pressure at any point in a static fluid is equal
in all directions”.

Hence such pascal’s law is used in the hydraulic braking system to apply the brake.

Read here: Automobile Gearbox & its types

Hydraulic braking system diagram:

Hydraulic Braking system construction:
A hydraulic braking system in Automobile consists of the following components:-

1. Pedal
2. Master Cylinder
3. Oil Reservoir
4. Cylinder 2
5. Brake Shoes
6. Pipeline

1)PEDAL:- Brake pedal is pivoted and connected from middle to piston rod.   When the
driver presses the pedal, the piston presses the fluid inside the master cylinder.

2)MASTER CYLINDER:- It consists of piston, oil & return spring.  When the driver presses
the pedal, the piston presses the oil inside the master cylinder.

The oil reservoir is connected to the master cylinder which maintains the oil quantity inside
the system.

Return spring is used to maintain pressure on the piston therefore when the driver releases
the brake pedal, the piston comes to its original position.

Read here: Automobile Clutch & its types

3) OIL RESERVOIR:- It maintains the oil quantity inside the system.

4) CYLINDER 2:- It is located inside the wheel drum. It consists of the two-piston & Piston
rods are connected to the shoes. When oil comes from the master cylinder, oil enters into
cylinder 2 hence both pistons expand.
5) BRAKE SHOES:- There are 2 brake shoes used in the brake drum. Both piston rods are
connected to one end of the shoes. Other ends of the shoes are hinged Brake shoes have
friction lining on the outer surface.

Hence when the driver presses the pedal, the pistons of cylinder 2 expands therefore
Resulting in brake shoes expands therefore due to friction between shoes & brake drum,
Wheel stops.

The shoes are connected with the return spring. Therefore When the driver releases the
clutch pedal, Pressure on oil releases hence shoes are coming to their original position due
to spring.

6) PIPELINE:- It is used to flow oil from master cylinder to cylinder 2.

Read here: How automobile engine consists and works

Hydraulic Braking system working:

Let’s see the Hydraulic Braking system working in stepwise:-

1) When the driver presses the brake pedal, the piston presses the oil inside the master
cylinder.

2) Oil flows from the master cylinder to cylinder 2 through a pipeline.

3) Now, Oil enters inside the cylinder 2. Hence both piston expands due to oil pressure.

4) Due to piston movement, brake shoes expand inside the brake drum.

Therefore due to friction between shoes & brake drum, the wheel stops.

Hydraulic Braking system advantages:

Hydraulic Braking System has following advantages:-

1. Less efforts required

 2. It is a self-lubrication system hence no external lubrication is required.
3. Simple Construction
4. Smooth Operation
5. Losses due to friction are very less.

Hydraulic Braking system applications:

The hydraulic braking system has many applications such as:-

1. Buses
2. Truck
3. Car

Difference between hydraulic and mechanical brakes

Sr.
No. MECHANICAL BRAKES HYDRAULIC BRAKES

1 Brakes are Less Powerful Brakes are more Powerful

2 External Lubrication Require No External Lubrication is required as it is a self-

lubrication system.

3 More efforts are required to an operator Less effort is required for an operator to apply
to apply Brake Brake.

4 Less costly It is costlier.

5 Friction Losses are more Friction losses are less

Difference-between-hydraulic-and-mechanical-brakes

Read also about the other brakes:

Disc brake system

Regenerative braking system
Electromagnetic Braking System
Anti Lock Braking System
Pneumatic or Air Braking System