Life of the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬in Madinah

Migration to Madinah its reasons, events, importance & significance.

Events of the First Year of Hijra.
Significance of establishing Masajid by the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬at Quba and
Madinah.
Brotherhood between Muhajireen & Ansar and lessons for the Muslim
Communities
Treaty of Madinah
Treaty of Hudaybiyya 6th Year of Hijra.
Final Year of the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬Life
Importance and benefits of the Final Sermon

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Migration to Madinah
Question # 1 (a) (Reasons of Migration)
❖ Abu Talib died in 619. Describe the events following this that led to the
Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬migration (hijra) to Madina. [10] (May/June 2013 41)
❖ Trace the events that led up to the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬migration (hijra).
(Oct/Nov 2009 01)
For this answer an account should be given about the events before the Prophet migrated
to Madina, not the actual journey or events of migration itself.
Answers could briefly discuss the persecution of the Muslims by the Makkans and
their migration to Abyssinia which later encouraged them to make the migration to
Yathrib.
The boycott of the Banu Hashim clan by the Quraish followed by the deaths of
Abu Talib and Hazrat Khadija are points that candidates can discuss when
answering this question.
Good answers will be able to tell the story fully and concisely, with a clear starting
point (e.g., the death of Abu Talib and the loss of protection for the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬, or
they could start from the failure at Ta’if), and end point.
Answers could talk about the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬reaction to the loss of protection and his
attempts to spread Islam elsewhere.
The Prophet met six men in Makkah, who had come from Yathrib for the annual
pilgrimage.
They became Muslim and returned to Makkah the following year with more
people who took an oath at ‘Aqaba in 621.
The following year more people came to take the oath with the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
They invited the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬to come to Yathrib as their leader.
The best answers will be able to give details of the number of pledges, the number
of Yathribites/Medinans involved, some brief details of what was in the pledges,
and an indication of the result of the pledges.
In Makkah there was a plot to assassinate him, and eventually there was a sura
revealed telling him to migrate.
The best answers will be able to expand and give depth to these events.

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(b) Explain the importance of the Pledges of ‘Aqaba to the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬in the period
leading up to the migration. [4] (Oct/Nov 2009 01)
Good answers should be able to talk about the prophet’s vulnerability at this time,
and his attempt to gain support from other places (e.g., in Al-Ta’if).
They could also mention the tribal system of the time and the difficulties the prophet
faced without protection within this system.
Also, the pledges gave hope to the Muslims and the prophet as they found support
and protection from a different, but willing, source.

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Events of Migration
Question # 2 (a)
❖ Describe the events of the migration (hijra) from Makkah to Madina. [10]
(Oct/Nov 2020 12)
❖ Give an account of the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬migration (hijra) from Makkah to
Madina. (May/June 2019 12)
❖ Give a detailed account of the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬journey from Makkah to Madina
in 622. (Oct/Nov 2017 11)
❖ Give an account of the hijra of the Prophet from Makkah to Madina.
(May/June 2014 12)
❖ Outline the main events of the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬journey from Makkah to Madina.
(Oct/Nov 2010 01)
Candidates should be able to write a detailed narrative tracing the main events as
they occurred on his journey to Madina. Candidates could give brief background
information relating to the threat in Makkah and his departure, and mention by
name the key figures involved in the threat and his departure and his arrival in
Madina.
In 622 in Makkah there was a plot to assassinate the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬, Quraysh met at
Dar al- Nadwa; a man from each tribe was sent to kill the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
Jibril came giving the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬God’s permission to migrate after other Muslims
had already left.
Abu Bakr, ‘Ali and the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬were left.
The Quraysh came to the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬house to kill him at night, (8.30).
The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬told ‘Ali to sleep in his bed- he came out of his house and threw
dust at the assassins, reciting from sura Yasin (36.9).
Abu Bakr went with him.
They took refuge in Cave Thawr.
Abu Bakr went in to make sure it was clean and safe. Abu Bakr’s foot was stung
by an insect while the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬was sleeping, and he did not cry out for fear of
waking the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
They stayed in the cave three nights. Abu Bakr’s son and daughter visited them.
The Quraysh set a price of 100 camels for their capture. Some reached the mouth
of the cave, which had been covered by a spider’s web and bird’s nest, in this way
God ensured they were not discovered.
The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬reassured Abu Bakr that he should not worry as Allah was the third
in the cave. (sura 9.40)
Suraqa almost caught up with them but his horse kept stumbling.

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 They stopped in Quba and stayed there for four days, establishing a mosque.
Ali caught up with them here. They arrived in Madina and the people welcomed
the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
He stayed with Abu Ayyub al-Ansari. Some responses may also mention events
that happened at Quarters of Bani Saleem as eighty people accepted Islam.
or Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬also stopped at the tents of umm e Mu’bd.
or the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬leading a congregation at the valley of Ranuna.
Better answers will be able to mention all the key figures involved, the events as they
unfolded and be able to quote relevant Qur’anic verses.
The best answers will be able to expand and give depth to these events, and whilst not all
of the above needs to be mentioned, highest level answers will describe and elaborate on
most of these details.
Importance and Significance of Migration

(b) In what way is this journey significant for the Muslim community now? [4]
(Oct/Nov 2020 12)
The migration has allowed Islam to spread and flourish, allowing it to reach
Muslims in all parts of the world until the present day.
It also laid the foundation of a Muslim state which has resulted in many Muslim
nations around the world.
This migration saved Islam for future generations.
Some candidates will talk about how there are lessons in the migrations for
Muslim communities facing political, social and religious problems.
Such communities can also find alternative ways to come out of these problems,
similarly, the communities that host immigrants can also learn valuable lessons
about how to accommodate and help migrants.

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(b) Why was this migration important for the Muslim community? [4]
(May/June 2013 41)
(b) What was the significance of this journey for the Muslims? (Oct/Nov 2010 01)
For this part, candidates should look to show some reflection and understanding
behind the reasons for leaving Makkah, and not repeat the narrative provided in (a).
They could give a basic mention of the threat to the Prophet and the believers and
why there was little success with preaching.
Good answers will be able to mention that the difficulties in Makkah meant that
Muslims could not freely practice their new faith, and that this new religion had
stopped expanding.
They could talk about how the migration would provide them with an opportunity to
expand, and provide religious freedom.
It also made the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬the leader of a community allowing Islam to be
established.
Candidates can give any number of reasons, but they should develop the answer to
show the importance of what they are saying, e.g., not by writing:
The migration gave the Muslims freedom’, but expand on it by saying they were
free from the persecutions or that they could properly learn and implement the laws.
The Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬life was threatened and so migrating allowed him to escape further
persecution and possible death, and establish Islam.
They could mention that the Medinans were inviting him and give reflections on
how his migration saved Islam for future generations – any insight shown as to why
the migration was important for that generation of Muslims, as well as future
generations, should be credited.
(b) How is the migration of the Prophet like the migration of some Muslims now?
Give reasons for your answer. [4] (Oct/Nov 2017 11)
The best answers will be those that can draw out the similarities or differences
between the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬migration and the event(s) they choose to write about.
They could say, e.g., that the migration is similar to the migration of some Muslims
now, because Muslims now in some parts of the world are facing persecution and
threat of death and are having to find other places to live; that many Muslims who
have migrated were welcomed to the new country.
Or they could say e.g., that the migration is not similar to Muslims now because
Muslims now usually don’t have people going after them to kill them; that Muslims
now face dangers that the Prophet did not face, such as travelling further distances
without food and water; that Muslims are not always welcome in the places they
are migrating to.

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Events of the First Year of Hijra
Question # 3
(a) Write about the events of the first year following the Prophet’s arrival in
Madina. [10] (May/June 2013 01)
Good answers will be able to provide a detailed and concise narrative of events that
occurred once the Prophet arrived in Madina, and not the events of his journey.
Candidates could write about how on arrival from Quba, the Prophet was greeted
joyfully by the people of Yathrib, with children singing as he arrived.
As the Prophet passed through the city many people requested that he stay with
them, but he told them his she-camel would make the decision.
They could also mention where the camel stopped and that the Prophet purchased
the land where the mosque would be built.
As well as mentioning that he stayed with Ayyub al- Ansari while the mosque and
his house were being built. He himself took part in the construction.
Other points could be that a treaty was made with the Jews and that the Ansar and
Muhajireen were made brothers.
The adhan was introduced.
The city was re-named Madina-tun-Nabi ‫ﷺ‬.
Excellent answers will expand on these points and give an in-depth narrative.

Significance of establishing Masajid by the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬at Quba and Madinah

(b) Why was it significant that one of the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬first task was to construct
mosques at Quba and Madina? [4] (May/June 2019 12)
(b) What is the significance of the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬establishing mosques as a first task
after the hijra? (May/June 2014 12)
Despite travelling from Makkah to Madina, the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬took the time to
establish a mosque at Quba, and then in Madina.
Mosques are the center of a community; they allow people to meet and to worship
God.
This was to show the Muslims that communal worship of God was to be the focal
point of primary importance, and they should learn about their faith.
Praying together as a community was important and beneficial, so much so that
building a mosque was done before building houses.
At Quba and Madina, they were free to establish prayers so it was done as a
symbol of freedom – they were now free to worship together and in the open,
unlike in Makkah. Candidates can offer other answers and all relevant answers
must be credited.

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Brotherhood between Muhajireen & Ansar and lessons for the Muslim
Communities
Question # 4 (a)
❖ Write about the brotherhood in Madina that developed between the Helpers
(Ansar) and the Emigrants (Muhajireen). [10] (Oct/Nov 2020 12)
❖ The Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬migrated to Madina from Makkah. Write about
the Ansar and the Muhajireen and the way they helped each other.
(Oct/Nov 2018 12)
❖ The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬paired Muslims from Makkah and from Madina after the
migration (hijra). Give examples to show the character of the relationship
between various Emigrants and Helpers. (May/June 2015 11)
❖ Write about the brotherhood that developed between the new community of
Muslims in Madina. (Oct/Nov 2013 11)
Candidates should be able to say who the al-Ansar (Helpers) were and who the al-
Muhajireen (Emigrants) were.
Good answers will be able to write about the first Muslim community in Madina, giving
brief details about the emigrants and their difficulties in Makkah.
Candidates may include some of the following points. All other relevant points must be
credited.

The residents of Makkah(emigrants), who had to leave all their belongings behind
and migrate to Madina, due to the persecutions of Makkans, are called Emigrants
while their hosts, residents of Madina known as Yathrib at that time, are called
Ansars or Helpers (mainly from the Aws and Khazraj tribes).
Ansars had started to accept Islam as a result of Pledges of Aqaba and had invited
the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬to their city. They welcomed Emigrants openheartedly.
To unite the two groups, the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬made them brothers, pairing each of the
Ansar with the Muhajireen.
This was to help each other materially and spiritually.
The Ansar had already been eager to help their migrating brothers and sisters with
accommodation and food.
The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬gathered the two groups and started calling out the name of one
Ansar and one Muhajir.
Better answers will name some prominent pairs.
The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬took Ali as his brother.
Sa’d bin ar-Rabi and AbdurRahman bin Awf were made brothers and Sa’d was
willing to share half his property and divorce his wife for AbdurRahman to marry.

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 He refused, saying ‘direct me to the nearest market place so that I may make my
fortune with my own hands.’
The Ansar wanted to share their date palms with the Muhajireen but the
Muhajireen refused, so the Ansar offered them to work in their orchards and in
return they were given dates.
In this way the Medinans gave protection and material assistance to their Makkan
brothers and the Makkans came with their faith to share and spread in Madina.
The virtue of these two groups has also been mentioned in the Qur’an: ‘Those who
believed and emigrated and carried out jihad in the way of Allah with their wealth
and lives are greater in rank in the sight of Allah, and it is they who are the
successful.’ [9.20]
Some candidates may also refer to the fact that Emigrants and Helpers also
inherited from each other till the practice was prohibited by the Quran 8:75.
Candidates should give details of this relationship using examples of what they
shared, and how their relationship developed.
Candidates could also make reference to any Qur’anic ayats relating to these
events (9:20; 9:100; 9:117; 59:8–9).
The best answers will write about the character of the relationship in terms of cooperation
and selflessness, etc.
(b) How can Muslims today show their brotherhood and sisterhood towards each
other? [4] (Oct/Nov 2020 12)
Muslims can show their brother/sisterhood in various ways – by visiting each
other and looking to see how they can help each other.
This may be food, their time, or company if they are on their own.
They can offer to share their belongings with others, especially if they do not have
much of their own.
Candidates can offer other answers but they should elaborate on their answers and
give specific examples to show how brotherhood can be practiced today.
Candidates can talk about brotherhood at local, national and international level.

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(b) Using this example, what can Muslims do for those people who have left their
homes and come to live amongst them in their communities? [4]
(Oct/Nov 2018 12)
(b) Today Muslims often seek refuge in neighboring countries. Show how the
example of the Emigrants and Helpers can still provide a model today.
(May/June 2015 11)
(b) What lessons can Muslims learn from the brotherhood that was created in
Madina? (May/June 2013 01)
(b) How is this brotherhood a good example for Muslim communities now?
(Oct/Nov 2013 11)
Candidates can provide any examples that are relevant but should develop the answers
they give and not just provide statements.
Answer here should reflect upon the relationship between these two groups and write
about how it can be relevant to Muslim communities.
Candidates could write about being selfless.
Sharing material belongings with others (whether to friends/family or charity)
welcoming other people, in particular other Muslims, into their lives.
Creating unity and equality.
They could mention giving loyalty and protection to others.
There can share their good fortune with others.
If they have a business, they can offer jobs to those who need them.
If they have spare rooms in their houses, they can offer them as accommodation to
people who have not yet found a place to stay.
They can share some of the food that they cook, or buy some groceries for them,
so they do not have to spend from their own money.
They could say that Muslims should look to people coming to their country and
neighborhood from other places, especially if they have had to leave their
belongings behind, e.g., from Afghanistan or Syria, and should help provide them
with food and shelter if they can.
Muslims should always look to what they have and what they can offer other
people who are in need, like warm clothes in the winter.
Giving up extra items has more reward than keeping them and will create better
relations in the community.
Good answers will be able to give a thoughtful answer as to the merits the
brotherhood created, and how they can be relevant to the lives of Muslims.
Good answers will not only give reference to these qualities but will say how they
can help improve the Muslim community.

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Treaty of Madinah
Question # 5
a) By referring to the Treaty of Madina, describe the relationship between the
Muslims and the non-Muslims when the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬first arrived.
[10] (Oct/Nov 2019 11)

A comprehensive answer will provide an account of the people living in Madina, the
Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬interactions with them and the Constitution they agreed upon. Candidates
may include some of the following points. All other relevant points must be credited.

As well as the Aws and Khazraj (most of whom became Muslim) there were some
Jewish tribes living in Madina, namely the Banu Qaynuqa, Nadir and Qurayza.
They had been waiting for the arrival of a prophet, but they had expected him to
come from the lineage of Ishaq.
There were also some Christians living there. As there had been fighting between
the tribes, and there was also the chance that the Quraysh would try to attack the
Muslims in Madina, the Prophet tried to unite the residents of Madina.
One way to do this was to create a treaty for the citizens of Madina, including non-
Muslims, about their rights and responsibilities as part of the community.

The non-Muslims had the following rights:

Equal political and cultural rights.
Autonomy and freedom of religion.
They would fight with the Muslims against the enemy of the community and have
the same responsibilities in war as others.
The constitution meant that the rights of all citizens were safeguarded, and initially
the relations between the different groups remained sound.
They engaged in commercial dealings with each other and gave and received help
from each other.
(b) How can Muslims apply the Prophet Muhammad’s ‫ ﷺ‬example of compassion
when building community relations? [4]

Muslims can follow the Prophet’s example and have cordial relations with minority
groups in their communities.
Non-Muslims or other ethnic minorities can be offered religious and social
freedom based on the principles of ‘Charter of Madina’.
Rights can also be guaranteed through law.
Another important aspect can be discouraging any discrimination against minority
groups and providing them equal opportunities to take active part in communal
life.
Candidates can support their points with examples from their surroundings.

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Treaty of Hudaybiyya 6th Year of Hijra

Question # 6 (a)
❖ Write about the events related to the signing of the Treaty of Hudaybiyya and
the main terms in it. [10] (Oct/Nov 2019 12)
❖ Write about the events surrounding the Treaty of Hudaybiyya and the main
terms in it. (May/June 2016 12)
A comprehensive answer will provide an account of some key events that led to the
treaty, the main terms of the treaty as well as the main figures involved.

Candidates may include some of the following points. All other relevant points must be
credited.

The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬had a dream where he entered Makkah and did tawaf around the
Ka’ba.
In 628, Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬and a group of 1400 Muslims marched peacefully towards
Makkah, in an attempt to perform umrah.
The Muslims had left Madina in a state of ihram, so were prohibited from fighting.
The group camped outside of Makkah, and the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬tried to negotiate entry to
the Ka’ba with the Quraysh, through intermediaries.
The Quraysh were unwilling to let the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬enter.
Uthman was sent to negotiate but was not allowed to return.
Bait al-Ridwan influenced the Quraysh into negotiating a treaty.
They sent Suhail ibn ‘Amr to make this peace treaty with the Muslims, whereby the
Muslims would go back to Madina and not return for the pilgrimage until the next
year.
The treaty was for ten years; each party was to be secure from the other; if a person
from the Quraysh was to migrate to Madina he would be sent back to Makkah;
however, if a person from the Prophet’s side went to the Quraysh, they did not have
to hand him back; the Muslims were to go back to Madina without performing
umrah and return the next year for three days.
Umar asked why the Muslims were demeaning their religion and was reassured by
Abu Bakr and the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
Ali was chosen to write the treaty.
When the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬asked him to write ‘In the name of Allah, the merciful, the
compassionate’ or that the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬was the ‘Messenger of Allah,’ Suhail
objected and instead the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬erased it and had ‘Ali write, ‘In your name, O
God’ and ‘Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬, son of ‘Abd Allah’, to which the Muslims protested.
After the treaty was made, Abu Jandal came to the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬asking to be freed,
but the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬kept to the terms of the treaty and told him to be patient.
The Khuza’ah tribe made a pact with the Muslims and the Banu Bakr made a pact
with the Quraysh.

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 Once they completed the document, the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬asked the Muslims to sacrifice
their animals and shave their heads.
When shaving their heads and sacrificing their animals, the companions did not
initially do as the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬said, to which his wife advised him to lead by
example, after which he did it and the companions followed
The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬said that Muslims had been victorious and was supported in this by
new revelation: ‘Verily we have granted thee a manifest victory’ (48:1)

Candidates may mention the treaty was dissolved two years later after the Banu Khuza’ah
were attacked by the Quraysh, but it is not necessary for this answer, which is about the
forming of the treaty itself.
(b) What in your opinion were the benefits, if any, to the Muslims of signing this
treaty? [4] (Oct/Nov 2019 12)

Some points candidates could give are:

It brought peace, and Muslims were free to spread Islam, after which it did spread
a lot.
Muslims were recognized as a political entity, a force to be reckoned with.
It allowed the Companions to see the wisdom of the Prophet’s decisions.
It emphasized that God is the best of planners.
Candidates can offer other opinions, and all relevant answers should be credited.

(b) From this event, what can Muslims learn about the importance of keeping their
word? [4] (May/June 2016 12)
The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬kept his word to the Quraysh for the duration of the treaty.
Even before the treaty was finished being written, he sent Abu Jandal back to the
Quraysh, on account of an agreement having been made verbally.
This shows the importance of promising to do something, then fulfilling that
action, even if it has not been put into writing.
As all actions and agreements are recorded by angels, God knows what has been
promised and by fulfilling promises, no matter how hard it is, then God will
reward you accordingly.
So, e.g., politicians should not go back on the things they promise when they want
to be elected, or people should not take back something that they have promised to
give a friend.
Candidates can give other examples, but should expand on their answer with reasons.

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Final Year of the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬Life

Question # 7 (a) [10]

❖ Write about the events of the final year of the Prophet’s life. (May/June 2019 12)
❖ The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬died in 632. Write about the events of the final year of his life.
(May/June 2016 11)
❖ Describe the events of the final year of the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬life. (Oct/Nov 2013 12)
Candidates may include some of the following points. All other relevant points must be
credited.
The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬received many delegations in the final year of his life. In
631/10AH, the Prophet performed his final pilgrimage.
The people knew that the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬was going for pilgrimage and so many people
came to join him on this journey.
They numbered 30 000 in total.
The performed tawaf at the Ka’ba and then proceeded to Arafah.
At ‘Arafah the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬addressed the people gathered there; this is considered
his farewell speech, in which he indicated he may not be there the following year.
In his sermon he asked the Muslims to take their guidance from the Qur’an and
sunnah.
Revenge was prohibited and usury was forbidden.
He gave instructions for unlawful shedding of blood.
The obligation towards looking after wives was emphasized as well as the kind
treatment of women;
Sticking faithfully to the pillars of Islam was emphasized;
The equality of humankind was emphasized saying no Arab has superiority over a
non- Arab and vice versa; brotherhood was established.
He told them the Qur’an and sunna were left for them and reminded them they
would have to answer for their deeds.
Then the verses 5:3 were revealed (today your religion has been perfected).
The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬completed his pilgrimage and returned to Madina.
He increased his seclusion.
Jibril reviewed the Qur’an twice with him.
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬ordered an expedition to Syria under Usama.
His illness began 13 days before his death.
He moved into A’isha’s apartment for the last week and continued leading the
prayers giving the congregation advice.
When he was no longer able to attend the mosque, he asked Abu Bakr to lead the
prayers in his absence, which made the companions very sad.

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 He called for Fatima, Hassan and Hussain and his wives. The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬passed
away on 12th Rabi al-Awwal, 11AH.
Candidates could go on to mention the grief of the Companions and the speech that Abu
Bakr gave them to remind them about worshipping God, but it is not necessary for a full
answer.
Not everything mentioned above is required, but answers must show development of the
main events written about to be able to go up to the higher levels.
Importance and benefits of the Final Sermon
(b) Which of the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬teachings from his final sermon do you think is the
most important for Muslims today? Give reasons for your answer. [4]
(May/June 2019 12)
❖ The Farewell Sermon given by the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬contains teachings for Muslims of
all times. Explain how two of these teachings can be applied today.
(May/June 2016 11)
❖ Explain how any two teachings given in the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬Farewell Sermon can
help Muslim communities today. (Oct/Nov 2013 12)

The last sermon is considered a summary of the main elements of faith.

As it includes the five pillars, equality of humankind, ethics and morality.
It can be used in relation to many modern-day issues such as racism, inequality of
women, the financial structure (dealing in interest), adultery, responsibility of
actions (particularly in crimes), treating other Muslims as brothers, treating
slaves/servants well, and worshipping God.
Candidates can choose any two of these to write about but should give reasons for why
they think it is important and how these points of the sermon can solve the current issues.

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