Reading Control

Module 1 Topic 2
Please, go to https://nearpod.com/ and put the code that teacher will share you

This reading control is related to topic 2 “Geographical Science”

Extra +15 extra points for the 1st Place

Points
+10 extra points for the 2nd Place
+5 extra points for the 3rd Place

Activity
 August – December 2021

02. Geographical
Science
M. Sc. Yadira Ivonne López Aviña
yadira.ivonne.l.a@tecmilenio.mx
 Methodological Principles of Geography
To explain the geography phenomena

• Location: Where is it? (Geo Positional System GPS)

• Causality: How and why does it happen?
• Relation: Which other events or phenomena are related to?
• Generality: When and where does it happen? How often?
• Evolution: How does the transformation occur? Is it gradual?

Example:
nationalgeographic.com.es

The Rikuzentakata’s (Japan) Tsunami in 2011 almost destroyed the

whole city. It happened as a secondary effect of the Touhoku
earthquake (magnitude 9.0 and epicentre at Pacific Sea) this is
called the "Great earthquake disaster of East Japan“. This
phenomena killed 1,656 people. To prevent future disasters the
center of the city was elevated 10 m.
 Parallel Meridian The angular measure (from 0°
to 180°) that locates any point
starting from the Greenwich
The angular measure (from meridian (prime meridian)
0° to 90°) that locates an
exact place from the
Equator
North
Hemisphere

Occidental (Western) Oriental (Eastern)

Hemisphere
South Hemisphere
Hemisphere

(Greenwich meridian)

Geographical references and location

 Cold Zone

Temperate Zone

Warm Zone

Temperate Zone

Cold Zone
The Sun shines directly on the Equator and the length of day and night is nearly equal

Equinox
Solstice

The sun rise on tropics of Cancer or Capricorn, so it is

visible in the sky for a longer or shorter periods of time
Altitude The height from the
highuintapackgoats.com
mean sea level to
any point on the
Earth's surface
noticieromarmenor.com

The sea level rises each year

due to global warming
 Coordinates
• 51°28′45.35″N & 0°0′26.81″E
laulima.hawaii.edu

• 20°54′00″N & 156°36′00″W

Decimal: 20.9 - 156.6

https://www.gps-coordinates.net/

The Geo Positional System (GPS) is based

on latitude, longitude and altitude
 Earth’s Representations
Cartography The science used to create maps to geographically represent a place

Historical Maps Human Maps (Urban Maps) Physical Maps

www.nationalww2museum.org

Shannon1 & DEMIS Mapserver

To represent physical
phenomena and physical facts
www.worldhistory.org
Topographical
To represent the Edaphological
To represent human Climatological
infrastructure built up by Geological
events Land use
humans Resources
 Map’s Elements
Scale: the relation between the surface’s actual
measures and what has been represented on the map

Compass rose: the

graphical representation
of the cardinal directions Legend: an
to orientate the user explanatory list of the
while reading the map symbols on a map

go.grolier.com
 Map Projections

Terrestrial Globe
It offers the best complete view
of Earth and the actual
proportions of the Earth’s
surface, because it is curved

findel-international.com
Strebe

Mercator or Cylindrical
It is used to create planispheres,
but it deforms the polar regions. It
is the most widely used projection,
mainly for maritime navigation.
Strebe
Conical
It only represents one hemisphere
and the regions near the prime
meridian and the Equator are
deformed, especially in the
Equatorial area.
 Strebe

Azimuthal equal area projection

It is used to represent polar zones, but the equator
is severely deformed. They are used to plot radio
signals, seismic waves and air-route maps.
 Strebe

Equidistant, Equal Area

Like the cylindrical projections, but meridians and parallels form equal
rectangles or squares. This projection shows a more real dimension of the
continents, but the polar regions are still deformed. These projections are
suitable for thematic mapping.
 Strebe

Mollweide
A pseudo-cylindrical projection with a curved edge and curved
meridians. The tropical zone appears without deformations because of
the elliptical form of the representation, so they are close to equal area,
but the borders are severely affected.
 Strebe

Goode Homolosine
An interrupted version of the Mollweide, where the Earth is cylindrically
projected with an interrupted latitude. They are used to project the angled
map segments used to construct globes, so the deformation in the continental
areas is less, but the oceanic zones present great discontinuities.
 Bibliography
• Escobar, A. (2007). Geografía, enfoque
por competencias (2ª ed.). México:
McGraw-Hill.
• Hocken, V. (n.d.). The September
Equinox. timeanddate.com.
https://www.timeanddate.com/calen
dar/september-equinox.html.
• Hocken, V., & Kher, A. (n.d.). What is
June Solstice? timeanddate.com.
https://www.timeanddate.com/calen
dar/june-solstice.html.
• Salinas, A. (2012). Geografía,
Competencias + Aprendizaje + Vida (2ª
ed.). México: Pearson Educación.
 1. Gather in teams (2-3 students) and choose a new about a geographical phenomenon.

Activity 2 2. Create a synoptic chart or a little summary applying the geography’s methodological principles to the investigated
phenomenon.

• Localization: Where did it happen?

PART 1
Deadline to upload to Canvas • Causality: How and why did that happen?

Thursday, August 18th at midnight • Relation: What other phenomena can be related?

• Generality: When did it happen?

• Evolution: How does it change?

3. Include an opinion about the importance of this methodology on the study of geographical facts and phenomena.

4. Based on the information of your favorite place (Giza Pyramids, Eiffel Towel, Cancún beach,
Madagascar jungle, etc.) imagine that you are travel agents and create a presentation (video,
PowerPoint presentation, animations, sketches, posters, etc.) about some of your cities or
countries to sell a tour. Your presentation must include the following elements:

• Photos of the places

PART 2
• General data (currency, language, touristic places, gastronomy, culture)

• Geographical coordinates (Geographical Location by GPS)

• Maps (at least one physical and one historical map with notes)

IMPORTANT: 5. Imagine now that you are a construction company, and you are asked to do a study to determine the viability to
build a dam to supply drinking water to a certain city. To be able to carry out the study, you need first to
• For this Activity, it is
geographically locate the dam. Answer the following questions:
PART 3

suggested to work in Power

Point • Which kind of maps you will need and why?

• How would you do the study?

6. Conclude your activity addressing the importance of the use of geographical coordinates, maps, and cartographic
projections in your everyday life.

Do not forget to include your references in APA format (10 points)

 APA format
https://www.scribbr.com/apa-citation-generator/


• https://www.timeandda
te.com/calendar/septe
mber-equinox.html

Hocken, V. (n.d.).
September Equinox.

✓
Https://Www.Timeand
date.Com/. Retrieved
August 23, 2021, from
https://www.timeandda
te.com/calendar/septem
ber-equinox.html
Individual
Review 2
yadira.ivonne.l.a@tecmilenio.mx
1. Come to https://mobbyt.com/
I suggest you to use a cell phone for
this review, it is easier to have the

2. Search for the game 3. Answer the 32 final screenshot in a cell phone

PIN: 296392 and questions of the trivia

choose TRIVIA in and send your final
game mode score screenshot to
teacher by mail (the
final score will be your
Module 2grade for this Review,
so, you can answer it
The Scientific Methods
as many times as you
want) 80% or more to
win the extra points
 Today at midnight is the deadline to upload Activity 2
Please, try to be on time and take breakfast every day~

See you soon~