Shoulder Girdle

 Parts (Bones)
o Scapula
o Clavicle
o Humerus
 Joints
o Acromioclavicular Joint
o Sternoclavicular Joint
o Glenohumeral Joint
o Scapulothoracic Joint

Scapula/Shoulder Blade
 Forms the posterior part of the shoulder girdle
 Flat triangular bone that has 3 processes
o Acromion
 Flattened bony process that extends laterally from the scapular spine to form
the bony tip of the shoulder
o Spine Process
 Arises from the posterior surface of the scapula
 Separates the supraspinous (taas) and infraspinous (baba) fossae
 The spine extends laterally over the shoulder joint as the acromion
o Coracoid Process (C – Curved)
 Projects anteriorly from the upper border neck of the scapula
 Arises from the thick base that extend from the scapular notch to the
superior portion of the neck of the scapula
 This process projects first anteriorly and medially and then curve on itself to
project laterally
 The coracoid process can be palpitated just distal and lightly medial to the
acromioclavicular articulation.
 “Mukhang luya”
 Scapula has 3 necks
o Anatomical
o Surgical
o Transpinous neck
 Scapula has 3 borders
o Lateral/Axillary Border
 Teres minor arises from superior 2/3 of the dorsal surface of lateral border
o Medial/Vertebral Border
 Levator muscles, greater rhomboid muscle, lesser rhomboid muscle attaches on
medial border dorsal surface
o Superior Border
  Scapula has 3 Angles
o Inferior Angle
 On same level as T7 & heart
 Attachment of teres major
o Superior Angle
o Lateral Angle
 Thickest part of the body of the scapulae

Clavicle
 Chest radiograph
o Overlies the apices of the lungs in chest radiographs
 Apical or lordotic views
o Are used to project the clavicles above the lungs
 To evaluate the area further in portable AP chest radiography
o If the patient is inclined backward from the true vertical position the horizontal beam
projects the clavicle above the lungs
 The clavicle lies almost horizontally
 The clavicle begins to ossify before any other bone in the body
 OSSIFICATION OF THE CLAVICLE
o It ossifies in the membrane from two centers
 It appears at the 5th and 6th fetal weeks, and fuses on the seventh week
o Last bone to fully unite
o Most fractured bone
 Due to location – naka-umbok/naka-usli
o A secondary center appears at the sternal end
 at 15 years old females and 17 years in males, and fuses at 25 years of age
o Being membranous rather than arising from a chondral frame (endochondral)
 Cartilage tumors of the clavicle are extremely uncommon

QUESTION: Ano masmataas – coracoid process or acromion? Acromion

//Important malaman ung laterality, san nagiistart, san nagproproject, etc.

//If the request is scapula lateral, do scap Y view

//Sa External rotation ng humerus nakikita in full profile si Greater Tubercle, and sa internal rotation
nakikita sa lesser tubercle

QUESTION: Which fracture inaapplyan ang Clements kadalasan? Hill Sachs