QUESTION BANK- LIFE PROCESSES 2

LIFE PROCESSES- EXCRETION

1. Define excretion
The biological process involved in the removal of harmful nitrogenous metabolic wastes,
from the body is called excretion.

2. Name the process by which unicellular organisms excrete waste.

Simple diffusion [from the body surface into the surrounding water]

3. List the components of human excretory system.

- a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder and a urethra.

4. Draw a labelled diagram showing the parts of human excretory system

5. How is a renal artery different from renal vein ?

Renal artery Renal vein
Bring blood containing nitrogenous Take away blood from kidney after
waste to kidney to remove waste removing
nitrogenous waste
Contain oxygenated blood Contain deoxygenated blood

6. Explain the role of each component of human excretory system.

Kidney 1. Filter nitrogenous waste like urea and uric acid from blood
2. Maintain water and ionic balance of blood [ Osmoregulation]
Ureter 1. Connect kidney with urinary bladder
2. Carry urine from kidney to bladder
Urethra Opening for removing urine from the body
Urinary bladder Collect and store urine until it is removed
Renal artery Bring blood containing nitrogenous waste to kidney to remove the waste
Renal vein Take away blood kidney after removing nitrogenous waste

DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY 9 & 10 BOYS SECTION , THE INDIAN HIGH SCHOOL , DUBAI
QUESTION BANK- LIFE PROCESSES 3
7. What is the purpose of making urine?
- To filter out nitrogenous waste products from the blood.

8. What is the structural unit of kidney? Why it is called as filtration unit? Write any two salient
features of it.
-Nephron
- It is called as filtration unit because it filters nitrogenous waste like urea and uric acid from
blood.
- Salient features :- richly supplied with cluster of very thin-walled blood capillaries. Each
capillary cluster in the nephron is associated with the cup-shaped end of a tube that collects
the filtered urine. Nephrons are packed close together.

9. Draw a labelled diagram showing the structure of nephron .

10. Name the process by which useful substances are taken from filtrate. Where does this
process take place? List the substances taken back.
-Selective reabsorption
-Tubular part of nephron
-glucose, amino acids, salts and a major amount of water

11. Specify the two factors that determines the amount of water reabsorbed by the tubular part
- how much excess water there is in the body, and on
- -how much of dissolved waste there is to be excreted.

DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY 9 & 10 BOYS SECTION , THE INDIAN HIGH SCHOOL , DUBAI
QUESTION BANK- LIFE PROCESSES 4
12. Briefly explain the route of urine reaching kidney from nephron.
The urine forming in each kidney eventually enters a long tube, the ureter, which connects the
kidneys with the urinary bladder. Urine is stored in the urinary bladder until the pressure of the
expanded bladder leads to the urge to pass it out through the urethra.

13. Draw and label the structure of nephron

Blood vessel that carries blood after purifying nitrogenous waste. – Renal vein
Blood vessel that brings blood to purify – Renal Artery
Double walled cup like part of nephron – Bowman’s capsule
Tuft of capillaries inside the cup like structure – Glomerulus
Part of nephron where selective reabsorption take place – Tubular part
Part which connects many nephrons and collect urine to release to kidney- collecting duct

14. Explain the modes of excretion in plants.

1) Oxygen a waste product generated during photosynthesis is released through stomata.
2) CO2 is also released through stomata.
3) Transpiration - to get rid of excess water.
4) Store waste products in cellular vacuoles.
5) Waste products may be stored in leaves that fall off.
6) Stored in old xylem- resins and gums.
7) Excrete some waste substances into the soil around them

DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY 9 & 10 BOYS SECTION , THE INDIAN HIGH SCHOOL , DUBAI