LESSON 1

INTRODUCTION TO C

THE HUMAN BODY

MS. RICA ABIGAIL T. DAGOS, LPT
College of Teacher Education
Occidental Mindoro State College – San Jose Campus
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
• Define anatomy and physiology
• Name the components that makeup the organization levels of
the body
• Describe the major essentials of life
• Define homeostasis and describe its importance to survival
• List the systems of the body and give the organs in each system
• Describe the directions and planes of the body
• List the nine abdominal regions
• Compare positive and negative feedback mechanisms
 TOPIC 1:
ANATOMY ANDC

PHYSIOLOGY
(DEFINITIONS AND BRANCHES)
The study of body structure, which includes size, shape,
composition, and coloration

ANATOMY
PHYSIOLOGY
The study of how the body functions
WHY DO THEY COMMONLY GO HAND IN
HAND?
Other Branches of Anatomy and
Physiology
1. EMBRYOLOGY
- the study of the first eight
weeks of development after
fertilization

2. DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
- the study of the complete
development of a person from
fertilization until death
Other Branches of Anatomy and
Physiology
3. CELL BIOLOGY
- the study of cellular structure
and functions

4. HISTOLOGY
- microscopic structure of
tissues
Other Branches of Anatomy and
Physiology
5. GROSS ANATOMY
- study of the structures that
can be examined without a
microscope

6. SYSTEMIC ANATOMY
- study of the structure of
specific systems in the body.
Other Branches of Anatomy and
Physiology
7. REGIONAL ANATOMY
- study of the specific regions
of the body such as the head or
chest
8. SURFACE ANATOMY
- study of the surface markings
of the body to understand internal
anatomy through visualization and
palpitation
Other Branches of Anatomy and
Physiology
9. IMAGING ANATOMY
- study of the body structures
that can be visualized with
techniques such as x-rays, MRI, etc.

10. PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY

- study of the structural
changes associated with disease
Other Branches of Anatomy and
Physiology
11. RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY
- study of the functions of
the air passageways and lungs

12. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
- the study of the
functional properties of nerve
cells
Other Branches of Anatomy and
Physiology
13. ENDOCRINOLOGY
- the study of the hormones
and how they control body
functions

14. CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY

- the study of the functions of
the heart and blood vessels
Other Branches of Anatomy and
Physiology
15. IMMUNOLOGY
- the study of the body’s
defenses against disease – causing
agents

16. RENAL PHYSIOLOGY

- the study of the functions of
the kidneys
Other Branches of Anatomy and
Physiology
17. EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
- study of the changes in cell
and organ functions due to
muscular activity
Other Branches of Anatomy and
Physiology
17. EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
- study of the changes in cell
and organ functions due to
muscular activity
 TOPIC 2:
ORGANIZATION
C

LEVELS OF THE BODY

1. CHEMICAL LEVEL
INORGANIC ORGANIC
CHEMICALS CHEMICALS
• simple molecules made • Very complex molecules
of one or two elements • Always contain Carbon
other than carbon and Hydrogen
• Examples: O2 , Ca • Examples: Lipids,
Carbohydrates, Proteins
2. CELLULAR LEVEL
• The smallest living units of
structure and functions
• numerous inside the human body
• Perform different functions
• Each are made of chemicals and
carries out specific chemical
reactions
3. TISSUE LEVEL
• a group of cells with
similar structure and
function
4. ORGAN LEVEL
• a group of tissues
precisely arranged so
as to accomplish
specific functions
5. SYSTEM LEVEL
• a group of organs that
all contribute to a
particular function
6. ORGANISMAL
LEVEL
ASSIGNMENT #1: Fill in your own example of
the organization levels of the human body.
Organ system: _____________

Organ: ____________

Tissue: ____________

Cellular: ________

Chemical: __________