CBLM - Maintain Tools & Equipment - JAR - v1.4

COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Sector CONSTRUCTION SECTOR
Qualification Title HEAVY EQUIPMENT OPERATION
Unit of Competency MAINTAIN TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
Module Title MAINTAINING TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
Monark Foundation Incorporated

San Pedro, Laguna
Date Developed:
January 2021 Issued by:
(HEO) Hydraulic Monark
Excavator NC II Foundation Page 1
Developed by:
Maintain Tools and Incorporation
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING
MATERIAL
Welcome to the module in “MAINTAIN TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT”. This

module contains training materials and activities for you to complete.
The unit of competency MAINTAIN TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT is designed to

enhance the knowledge, skills and attitude of the trainees in Maintaining tools and
equipment. It is one of the specialized modules required to complete the
HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR NCII
This module will lead you through different learning activities in order to
complete each learning outcome of the module. Each learning outcomes is provided
with Information Sheets (Reference Materials for further reading to help you better
understand the required activities). Follow these activities and answer the self-check
at the end of each learning outcome. You may remove a blank answer sheet at the
end of each module (or get one from your facilitator/trainer) to write your answers for
each self-check. If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your facilitator for
assistance.
Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)
You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered in this
learner's guide because you have:
 been working for some time
 already completed training in this area.
If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a particular skill
or skills, talk to him/her about having them formally recognized so you don't have to
do the same training again. If you have a qualification or Certificate of Competency
from previous trainings, show it to your trainer. If the skills you acquired are still
current and relevant to the unit/s of competency they may become part of the
evidence you can present for RPL. If you are not sure about the currency of your
skills, discuss this with your trainer.
At the end of this module, after having complied the requirement for the learning
outcome or unit of competency, your achievement will be recorded in the progress
chart and achievement chart then you will be awarded with the Certificate of
Achievement. Thereafter, you can proceed to the next learning outcome or unit of
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Raagas
competency should you have completed the required learning outcomes intended for
every unit of competency.
This module was prepared to help you achieve the required competency in
MAINTAINING TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT specifically in Maintain Tools and
Equipment
This module will be the source of information for you to acquire knowledge
and skills in this particular trade independently and at your own pace, with minimum
supervision or help from your trainer.
 Talk to your trainer and agree on how you will both organize the Training of
this unit. Read through the module carefully. It is divided into sections, which
cover all the skills, and knowledge you need to successfully complete this
module.
 Work through all the information and complete the activities in each section.
Read information sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested references
are included to supplement the materials provided in this module.
 Use the self-check questions at the end of each section to test your own
progress.
 When you are ready, ask your trainer to watch you perform the activities
outlined in this module.
 As you work through the activities, ask for written feedback on your progress.
Your trainer keeps feedback/ pre-assessment reports for this reason. When
you have successfully completed each element, ask your trainer to mark on
the reports that you are ready for assessment.
 When you have completed this module (or several modules), and feel
confident that you have had sufficient practice, your trainer will arrange an
appointment with registered assessor to assess you. The results of your
assessment will be recorded in your competency Achievement Record.
Date Developed:
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Equipment
Raagas
PARTS OF A COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
References/Further Reading
Performance Criteria Checklist

Operation/Task/Job Sheet
Self-Check Answer Key
Self-Check
Information Sheet
Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome Summary

Module Content
Module Content
Module
List of Competencies
Content
Module Content
Module Content
Front Page
In our efforts to standardize CBLM, the
above parts are recommended for use
in Competency Based Training (CBT)
in Technical Education and Skills
Development Authority (TESDA)
Technology Institutions. The next
sections will show you the components
and features of each part.
Date Developed:
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Equipment
Raagas
(HEO) Hydraulic Excavator NCII
COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
List of Competencies
No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code
Prepare construction Preparing construction CON931201

1.
materials and tools materials and tools
Observe procedures, Observing procedures,

CON311201
2. specifications and specifications and manuals
manuals of instruction of instruction
Interpret technical Interpreting technical CON311202

3.
drawings and plans drawings and plans
Perform mensuration’s Performing mensuration’s CON311203

4.
and calculations and calculations
Maintain Tools and Maintaining Tools and CON311204
5. Equipment Equipment
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Equipment
Raagas
MODULE CONTENT
UNIT OF COMPETENCY:
Maintain Tools and Equipment
MODULE TITLE
Maintaining Tools and Equipment
MODULE DESCRIPTOR:
This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitude on checking condition,
performing preventive maintenance and storing of tools and equipment
based on the required performance standards.
NOMINAL DURATION:
15 hours
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this module, you MUST be able to:
1. Check condition of tools and equipment
2. Perform basic preventive maintenance
3. Store tools and equipment
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
 Materials, tools and equipment are identified according to classification and
job requirements
 Non-functional tools and equipment are segregated and labeled according to
classification
 Safety of tools and equipment are observed in accordance with
manufacturer’s instructions
 Condition of PPE are checked in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions
 Appropriate lubricants are identified according to types of equipment
 Tools and equipment are lubricated according to preventive maintenance
schedule or manufacturer's specifications
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 Measuring instruments are checked and calibrated in accordance with
 Tools are cleaned and lubricated according to standard procedures
 Defective instruments, equipment and accessories are inspected and
replaced according to manufacturer’s specifications
 Tools are inspected, repaired and replaced after use
 Work place is cleaned and kept in safe state in line with OHSA regulations
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Learning Outcome #1 Check condition of tools and equipment
LEARNING GUIDE
Learning Steps Resources
 Read Information Sheet 1.1 o Information sheet 1.1
 Answer self-check 1.1 o Self-check 1.1
 Compare answers with answer key o Answer sheet 1.1
1.1
 Listen to lecture
o Multimedia equipment
 Participate in the discussion
o Whiteboard
 Answer oral question
o Whiteboard markers
 Receive feedback from instructor

1.2
o Whiteboard

1.3
o Whiteboard

1.4
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 Participate in the discussion o Whiteboard
 Answer oral question o Whiteboard markers
INFORMATION SHEET NO. 1.1

(Materials, tools and equipment are identified according to
classification and job requirements)
Learning Objective/s:
After reading this information sheet the student must be able to:
1. Classify different materials, tools and equipment according to job

requirements
Materials Tools and Equipment
Tools are particularly important in construction work. They are primarily used to put things
together (e.g., hammers and nail guns) or to take them
apart (e.g., jackhammers and saws). Tools are often
classified as hand tools and power tools. Hand tools
include all non-powered tools, such as hammers and
pliers. Power tools are divided into classes, depending on
the power source: electrical tools (powered by electricity),
pneumatic tools (powered by compressed air), liquid-fuel
tools (usually powered by gasoline), powder-actuated
tools (usually powered by an explosive and operated like
a gun) and hydraulic tools (powered by pressure from a liquid). Each type presents some unique safety
problems.
A. Hand tools
Is a wide range of tools, from axes to
wrenches. The primary hazard from hand tools
is being struck by the tool or by a piece of the
material being worked on. Eye injuries are very
common from the use of hand tools, as a piece
of wood or metal can fly off and lodge in the
eye. Some of the major problems are using the
wrong tool for the job or a tool that has not
been properly maintained. The size of the tool
is important: some women and men with
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relatively small hands have difficulty with large tools. Dull tools can make the work much harder, require
more force and result in more injuries. A chisel with a mushroomed head might shatter on impact and
send fragments flying. It is also important to have the proper work surface. Cutting material at an
awkward angle can result in a loss of balance and an injury. In addition, hand tools can produce sparks
that can ignite explosions if the work is being done around flammable liquids or vapors. In such cases,
spark-resistant tools, such as those made from brass or aluminum, are needed.
Classification of Hand Tools
o Striking tools
o Fastening tools
o Cutting tools
o Holding tools
 Striking Tools
The striking tools are the most widely used tools and they are also
considered to be the most often abused tool. Chiseling, punching and riveting
can be done properly using striking tools. Hand-held striking tools have been
used in a variety of disciplines as leveraged devices providing a striking force to
complete endless variety of tasks. For example: Hammers, Chisels
 Fastening Tools (driving tools)
Driving hand tools are those tools which are designed in

a such a way so that insertion, tightening, loosening, removing
screws, bolts, nails or other pointed objects or hard to turn items
is done by applying torque. These tools have mechanical
advantage in applying torque. For example: Screwdrivers, Nut
drivers, Hand wrenches, T-handle wrenches
 Cutting Tools
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Cutting tools are used not only to cut a physical object into pieces but also used to remove
metal or wood from the workpiece by means of sheer deformation. For example: Tin snips, Shears,
Hacksaw
 Holding Tools
Holding tools are used for gripping objects by using

leverage. They are also used to hold things which may be
hazardous to the bare hands. For example: Pliers, Clamps, and
Vises
B. Power Tools
In general, are more dangerous than hand tools, because the power of the tool is increased.
The biggest dangers from power tools are from accidental start-
up and slipping or losing one’s balance during use. The power
source itself can cause injuries or death, for example, through
electrocution with electrical tools or gasoline explosions from
liquid-fuel tools. Most power tools have a guard to protect the
moving parts while the tool is not in operation. These guards
need to be in working order and not overridden. A portable
circular saw, for example, should have an upper guard covering
the top half of the blade and a retractable lower guard which
covers the teeth while the saw is not operating. The retractable
guard should automatically return to cover the lower half of the
blade when the tool is finished working. Power tools often also have safety switches that shut off the tool
as soon as a switch is released. Other tools have catches that must be engaged before the tool can
operate. One example is a fastening tool that must be pressed against the surface with a certain amount
of pressure before it will fire.
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Equipment
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Classification of Power Tools
o Pneumatic tools
o Gas-powered tools
o Powder-actuated tools
o Hydraulic power
 Pneumatic tools
Pneumatic tools include chippers, drills, hammers and sanders. Some pneumatic tools shoot
fasteners at high speed and pressure into surfaces and, as a result, present
the risk of shooting fasteners into the user or others. If the object being
fastened is thin, the fastener may go through it and strike someone at a
distance. These tools can also be noisy and cause hearing loss. Air hoses
should be well connected before use to prevent them from disconnecting and
whipping around. Air hoses should be protected from abuse and damage as
well. Compressed-air guns should never be pointed at anyone or against
oneself. Eye, face and hearing protection should be required. Jackhammer
users should also wear foot protection in case these heavy tools are
dropped.
 Gas-powered tools
Gas-powered tools present fuel explosion hazards,
particularly during filling. They should be filled only after they have
been shut down and allowed to cool off. Proper ventilation must be
provided if they are being filled in a closed space. Using these tools
in a closed space can also cause problems from carbon monoxide
exposure.
 Powder-actuated tools
Powder-actuated tools are like loaded guns and should be operated only by specially trained
personnel. They should never be loaded until immediately before
use and should never left loaded and unattended. Firing requires
two motions: bringing the tool into position and pulling the
trigger. Powder-actuated tools should require at least 5 pounds
(2.3 kg) of pressure against the surface before they can be fired.
These tools should not be used in explosive atmospheres. They
should never be pointed at anyone and should be inspected
before each use. These tools should have a safety shield at the
end of the muzzle to prevent the release of flying fragments
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during firing. Defective tools should be taken out of service immediately and tagged or locked out to make
sure no one else uses them until they are fixed. Powder-actuated fastening tools should not be fired into
material where the fastener could pass through and hit somebody, nor should these tools be used near an
edge where material might splinter and break off.
 Hydraulic Power
Hydraulic power tools should use a fire-resistant fluid

and be operated under safe pressures. A jack should have a
safety mechanism to prevent it from being jacked up too high
and should display its load limit prominently. Jacks have to be
set up on a level surface, centered, bear against a level surface
and apply force evenly to be used safely.
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Equipment
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SELF-CHECK NO. 1.1
True or False:
Write T if the statement is correct otherwise F. Use answer sheet no 1.1
for this test
_____ 1. Striking tools is one of the classifications of power tools

_____ 2. The striking tools are the most widely used tools and they are
also considered to be the most often abused tool
_____ 3. Tin snips and hacksaw are examples of holding tools
_____ 4. Driving hand tools are those tools which are designed in a such
a way so that insertion, tightening, loosening, removing screws, bolts,
nails or other pointed objects or hard to turn items is done by applying
torque
_____ 5. Bench vise and pliers are example of pneumatic tools
_____ 6. Drills and hammers are example of pneumatic tools
_____ 7. Gas-powered tools present fuel explosion hazards, particularly
during filling
_____ 8. Powder-actuated tools are like loaded guns and should be
operated only by specially trained personnel
_____ 9. Hydraulic power tools should use a fire-resistant fluid and be
operated under safe pressures
_____ 10. Wrenches are example of driving tools
Date Developed:
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Equipment
Raagas
ANSWER KEY NO. 1.1
1. F
2. T
3. F
4. T
5. F
6. T
7. T
8. T
9. T
10. T
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Equipment
Raagas
(Non-functional tools and equipment are segregated and labeled according to
classification)
1. Segregate and label non-functional tools and equipment
Tools
 Tools are very useful to us in our homes especially to our job. But tools that are no longer
functional may cause harm
A. Make an inventory of functional and non-functional tools in your shop

B. Classify your tools according to its function
Equipment
 Visual Inspection refers to the visual observation of an expert to the appearance of the tools
and equipment
 Functionality vibration or extra noise from the operation means problem on parts and
accessories started to develop wrong with the performance of either hand tool or equipment
they need an immediate repair or maintenance
 Power Supply (for electrically operated only) failure to meet the required power supply,
malfunction will occur in the part of hand tools or equipment
 Persons Involved refers to the technical person who has the knowledge and skills about the
technology
Hammer with a broken handle
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Screwdriver with a broken handle
Electrical equipment with damage cord
Functional tools and equipment are those

that are in good condition and can perform
its regular function. Example are this:
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Equipment
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SELF-CHECK NO. 1.2
True or False:
Write T if the statement is correct otherwise F. Use answer sheet no 1.2
for this test
_____ 1. Visual Inspection refers to the visual observation of an expert

to the appearance of the tools and equipment
_____ 2. Hammer with a broken handle is considered as non-functional
tools
_____ 3. Screwdriver with a broken handle is considered as functional
tools
_____ 4. Electrical equipment with a broken cord is considered as non-
functional equipment
_____ 5. Persons Involved refers to the technical person who has the
knowledge and skills about the technology
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Equipment
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ANSWER KEY NO. 1.2
1. T
2. T
3. F
4. T
5. T
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Equipment
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(Safety of tools and equipment are observed in accordance with
manufacturer's instructions)
1. Observe safety of tools and equipment in accordance with manufacturer’s

instruction
Hand tools
Hand tools are non-powered. They include anything from sledges to wrenches. The greatest
hazards posed by hand tools result from misuse and improper maintenance.
Some examples:
 Using a screwdriver as a chisel may cause the tip of the screwdriver to break and fly, hitting the
user or other employees.
 If a wooden handle on a tool such as a hammer or an axe is loose, splintered or cracked, the
head of the tool may fly off and strike the user or another worker.
 A wrench must not be used if its jaws are sprung, because it might slip.
Impact tools such as chisels, wedges or drift pins are unsafe if they have mushroomed heads. The
heads might shatter on impact, sending sharp fragments flying.
The employer is responsible for the safe condition of tools and equipment used by employees, but
the employees have the responsibility for properly using and maintaining tools.
Employers should caution employees that saw blades, knives or other tools be directed away from
aisle areas and other employees working in close proximity. Knives and scissors must be sharp. Dull
tools can be more hazardous than sharp ones.
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Appropriate personal protective equipment – e.g., safety goggles, gloves, etc. – should be worn due to
hazards that may be encountered while using portable power tools and hand tools.
Safety requires that floors be kept as clean and dry as possible to prevent accidental slips with or
around dangerous hand tools.
Around flammable substances, sparks produced by iron and steel hand tools can be a dangerous
ignition source. Where this hazard exists, spark-resistant tools made from brass, plastic, aluminum, or
wood will provide for safety.
POWER TOOLS PRECAUTIONS

Power tools can be hazardous when improperly used. There are several types of power tools,
based on the power source they use: electric, pneumatic, liquid fuel, hydraulic and powder-actuated.
Employees should be trained in the use of all tools – not just power tools. They should
understand the potential hazards as well as the safety precautions to prevent those hazards from
occurring.
The following general precautions should be observed by power tool users:

 Never carry a tool by the cord or hose.
 Never yank the cord or the hose to disconnect it from the receptacle.
 Keep cords and hoses away from heat, oil and sharp edges.
 Disconnect tools when not in use, before servicing, and when changing accessories such as
blades, bits and cutters.
 All observers should be kept at a safe distance away from the work area.
 Secure work with clamps or a vise, freeing both hands to operate the tool.
 Avoid accidental starting. The worker should not hold a finger on the switch button while
carrying a plugged-in tool.
 Tools should be maintained with care. They should be kept sharp and clean for the best
performance. Follow instructions in the user's manual for lubricating and changing accessories.
 Be sure to keep good footing and maintain good balance.
 The proper apparel should be worn. Loose clothing, ties or jewelry can become caught in
moving parts.
All portable electric tools that are damaged shall be removed from use and tagged "Do Not
Use."
GUARDS
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Hazardous moving parts of a power tool need to be safeguarded. For example, belts, gears,
shafts, pulleys, sprockets, spindles, drums, fly wheels, chains, or other reciprocating, rotating or moving
parts of equipment must be guarded if such parts are exposed to contact by employees.
Guards, as necessary, should be provided to protect the operator and others from the following:
 point of operation,
 in-running nip points,
 rotating parts, and
 flying chips and sparks.
Safety guards must never be removed when a tool is being used. For example, portable circular saws
must be equipped with guards. An upper guard must cover the entire blade of the saw. A retractable
lower guard must cover the teeth of the saw, except when it makes contact with the work material. The
lower guard must automatically return to the covering position when the tool is withdrawn from the work.
SAFETY SWITCHES
The following hand-held powered tools must be equipped with a momentary contact "on-off"
control switch: drills, tappers, fastener drivers, horizontal, vertical and angle grinders with wheels larger
than 2 inches in diameter, disc and belt sanders, reciprocating saws, saber saws and other similar
tools. These tools also may be equipped with a lock-on control provided that turnoff can be
accomplished by a single motion of the same finger or fingers that turn it on.
The following hand-held powered tools may be equipped with only a positive "on-off" control switch:
platen sanders, disc sanders with discs 2 inches or less in diameter; grinders with wheels 2 inches or
less in diameter; routers, planers, laminate trimmers, nibblers, shears, scroll saws and jigsaws.
Other hand-held powered tools such as circular saws having a blade diameter greater than 2 inches,
chain saws and percussion tools without positive accessory holding means must be equipped with a
constant pressure switch that will shut off the power when the pressure is released.
ELECTRIC TOOLS
Employees using electric tools must be aware of several dangers; the most serious is the possibility
of electrocution.
Among the chief hazards of electric-powered tools are burns and slight shocks which can lead to
injuries or even heart failure. Under certain conditions, even a small amount of current can result in
fibrillation of the heart and eventual death. A shock also can cause the user to fall off a ladder or other
elevated work surface.
To protect the user from shock, tools must either have a three-wire cord with ground and be grounded,
be double insulated, or be powered by a low-voltage isolation transformer. Three-wire cords contain
two current-carrying conductors and a grounding conductor. One end of the grounding conductor
connects to the tool's metal housing. The other end is grounded through a prong on the plug. Anytime
an adapter is used to accommodate a two-hole receptacle, the adapter wire must be attached to a
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known ground. The third prong should never be removed from the plug.
Double insulation is more convenient. The user and the tools are protected in two ways: by normal
insulation on the wires inside, and by a housing that cannot conduct electricity to the operator in the
event of a malfunction.
These general practices should be followed when using electric tools:

 Electric tools should be operated within their design limitations.
 Gloves and safety footwear are recommended during use of electric tools.
 When not in use, tools should be stored in a dry place.
 Electric tools should not be used in damp or wet locations.
 Work areas should be well lighted.
POWERED ABRASIVE WHEEL TOOLS
Powered abrasive grinding, cutting, polishing, and wire buffing wheels create special safety
problems because they may throw off flying fragments.
Before an abrasive wheel is mounted, it should be inspected closely and sound- or ring-tested to be
sure that it is free from cracks or defects. To test, wheels should be tapped gently with a light non-
metallic instrument. If they sound cracked or dead, they could fly apart in operation and so must not be
used. A sound and undamaged wheel will give a clear metallic tone or "ring."
To prevent the wheel from cracking, the user should be sure it fits freely on the spindle. The spindle nut
must be tightened enough to hold the wheel in place, without distorting the flange. Follow the
manufacturer's recommendations. Care must be taken to assure that the spindle wheel will not exceed
the abrasive wheel specifications.
Due to the possibility of a wheel disintegrating (exploding) during start-up, the employee should never
stand directly in front of the wheel as it accelerates to full operating speed.
Portable grinding tools need to be equipped with safety guards to protect workers not only from the
moving wheel surface, but also from flying fragments in case of breakage.
In addition, when using a powered grinder:

 Always use eye protection.
 Turn off the power when not in use.
 Never clamp a hand-held grinder in a vise.
PNUEMATIC TOOLS
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Pneumatic tools are powered by compressed air and include chippers, drills, hammers and sanders.
There are several dangers encountered in the use of pneumatic tools. The main one is the danger of
getting hit by one of the tool's attachments or by some kind of fastener the worker is using with the tool.
Eye protection is required and face protection is recommended for employees working with pneumatic
tools.
Noise is another hazard. Working with noisy tools such as jackhammers requires proper, effective use
of hearing protection.
When using pneumatic tools, employees must check to see that they are fastened securely to the hose
to prevent them from becoming disconnected. A short wire or positive locking device attaching the air
hose to the tool will serve as an added safeguard.
A safety clip or retainer must be installed to prevent attachments, such as chisels on a chipping
hammer, from being unintentionally shot from the barrel.
Screens must be set up to protect nearby workers from being struck by flying fragments around
chippers, riveting guns, staplers, or air drills.
Compressed air guns should never be pointed toward anyone. Users should never "dead-end" it
against themselves or anyone else.
POWDER-ACTUATED TOOLS
Powder-actuated tools operate like a loaded gun and should be treated with the same respect and
precautions. In fact, they are so dangerous that they must be operated only by specially trained
employees.
Safety precautions to remember include the following:

 These tools should not be used in an explosive or flammable atmosphere.
 Before using the tool, the worker should inspect it to determine that it is clean, that all moving
parts operate freely, and that the barrel is free from obstructions.
 The tool should never be pointed at anybody.
 The tool should not be loaded unless it is to be used immediately. A loaded tool should not be
left unattended, especially where it would be available to unauthorized persons.
 Hands should be kept clear of the barrel end. To prevent the tool from firing accidentally, two
separate motions are required for firing: one to bring the tool into position, and another to pull
the trigger. The tools must not be able to operate until they are pressed against the work
surface with a force of at least five pounds greater than the total weight of the tool.
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If a powder-actuated tool misfires, the employee should wait at least 30 seconds, then try firing it again.
If it still will not fire, the user should wait another 30 seconds so that the faulty cartridge is less likely to
explode, than carefully remove the load. The bad cartridge should be put in water.
Suitable eye and face protection are essential when using a powder-actuated tool.
The muzzle end of the tool must have a protective shield or guard centered perpendicularly on the
barrel to confine any flying fragments or particles that might otherwise create a hazard when the tool is
fired. The tool must be designed so that it will not fire unless it has this kind of safety device.
All powder-actuated tools must be designed for varying powder charges so that the user can select a
powder level necessary to do the work without excessive force.
If the tool develops a defect during use it should be tagged and taken out of service immediately until it
is properly repaired.
HYDRAULIC POWER TOOLS

The fluid used in hydraulic power tools must be an approved fire-resistant fluid and must retain its
operating characteristics at the most extreme temperatures to which it will be exposed.
The manufacturer's recommended safe operating pressure for hoses, valves, pipes, filters and other
fittings must not be exceeded.
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Employees who use hand and power tools and who are exposed to the hazards of falling, flying,
abrasive and splashing objects, or exposed to harmful dusts, fumes, mists, vapors or gases must be
provided with the particular personal equipment necessary to protect them from the hazard.
All hazards involved in the use of power tools can be prevented by following five basic safety rules:
 Keep all tools in good condition with regular maintenance.
 Use the right tool for the job.
 Examine each tool for damage before use.
 Operate according to the manufacturer's instructions.
 Provide and use the proper protective equipment.
Employees and employers have a responsibility to work together to establish safe working procedures.
If a hazardous situation is encountered, it should be brought to the attention of the proper individual
immediately.
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
SELF-CHECK NO. 1.3
Multiple Choice:
Choose the correct answer. Use answer sheet no 1.3 for this test
_____ 1. These are the example hazards posed by hand tools result from misuse
and improper maintenance, except:
a. Using a screwdriver as a chisel may cause the tip of the screwdriver to break
and fly, hitting the user or other employees.
b. If a wooden handle on a tool such as a hammer or an axe is loose, splintered
or cracked, the head of the tool may fly off and strike the user or another
worker.
c. Using pliers with insulation in handle to use in electrical equipment
d. A wrench must not be used if its jaws are sprung, because it might slip.
_____ 2. Who is responsible for the safe condition of tools and equipment used by
employees?
a. Employer
b. Employee
c. Staff
d. Faculty
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Equipment
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3. Knives and scissors must be _____. Dull tools can be more hazardous than
sharp ones.
a. Take the edge off

b. Sharp
c. Reduce
d. Dampen
_____ 4. These are the personal protective equipment, except:
a. Safety goggles
b. Gloves
c. Safety shoes
d. Identification card
_____ 5. All portable electric tools that are damaged shall be removed from use and
tagged
a. “Used”
b. “Do not use”
c. “Apply”
d. “Use”
_____ 6. Guards, as necessary, should be provided to protect the operator and

others from the following, except:
a. Rotating parts
b. Point of operation
c. Flying chips and sparks
d. Handle
_____ 7. Employees using electric tools must be aware of several dangers; the most
serious is the possibility of electrocution
a. Electrocaution
b. Electrocation
c. Electrocution
d. Electrocotion
_____ 8. To protect the user from shock, tools must either have a, except:
a. Three-wire cord with ground

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b. Double insulated
c. Powered by a low-voltage isolation
d. Single insulated
_____ 9. These general practices should be followed when using electric tools,
except:
a. Work areas should be well lighted.
b. When not in use, tools should be stored in a dry place.
c. Electric tools should be operated within their design limitations.
d. When not in use, tools should be stored in a wet place
_____ 10. When using a powered grinder:

a. Always wear identification card
b. Turn off the power when not in use.
c. Electric tools should be not operated within their design limitations.
d. Turn on the power when not in use
ANSWER KEY NO. 1.3

1. C
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. B
6. D
7. C
8. D
9. D
10. B
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
(Condition of PPE are checked in accordance with manufacturer’s
instruction)
1. Check the condition of PPE in accordance with manufacturer’s instruction
What are PPE inspection checklist?
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) inspection checklists are used by safety officials and
supervisors to help identify tasks that require PPE, ensure staff is using the right equipment, and
reduce overall harm. Inspections ensure that all PPE are of the correct specification and fitting, which
also helps identify the “weakest link” in a safety and risk prevention program. Regular PPE inspections
are vital to every organization involved in hazardous industries because PPE can become damaged or
Date Developed:
Developed by:
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Equipment
Raagas
lose its effectiveness due to wear and tear, improper use and handling, and exposure to dirt, grit,
chemicals, and other elements. Inspections ensure compliance and that PPE will last for a long time
with minimum degradation.
What are the maintenance requirements for PPE?
There has been growing awareness and focus on the proper use of PPE, but even if workers in
hazardous industries are trained on their proper usage, there’s still the problem of proper care and
maintenance. Even if workers wear PPE at all times during working or when exposed to certain
hazards, this diligence means nothing if the PPE used has deteriorated or isn’t up to quality standards.
In the US, OSHA puts the responsibility of ensuring workers are protected from harm and that PPE is
always maintained on the employer’s shoulders. Aside from PPE maintenance, employers are also
responsible for:
 performing a hazard assessment of the workplace to identify and control hazards;
 identifying and providing appropriate PPE to employees;
 training employees in the use and care of PPE; and
 periodically reviewing, updating, and evaluating the effectiveness of the PPE program.
Proper maintenance of PPE, unfortunately, is something that can still fall through the cracks if
companies aren’t careful. It’s a consideration that should always be a top priority, especially for
companies in hazardous industries like construction. Below are the main considerations in the proper
maintenance of PPE.
For helmets:
 Keep helmets clean by regularly washing them with warm water and soap.
 Check headbands to ensure a comfortable fit.
 Store helmets and other head protection gear away from extreme temperatures and conditions.
 Replace helmets that are cracked, have dents, or are showing signs of wear and tear.
For protective eyewear:

 Regularly clean eyewear with water and mild soap.
 Always wash lenses with water before wiping them to prevent scratches caused by foreign
objects.
 Store eyewear in a durable dustproof case and keep in a safe place to avoid damage.
Date Developed:
Developed by:
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Equipment
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 Replace any eyewear immediately if they are pitted, scratched, or worn out to the point that
they impair vision.
For gloves:
 Always keep gloves clean and dry.
 Always check gloves for holes, cracks, and other damage before use.
 Ensure whether gloves are reusable or not and, if reusable, take note of how long they can be
reused safely before requiring replacement.
 Replace damaged or worn gloves immediately.
For footwear:
 Wipe wet or soiled footwear with a clean cloth before storage.
 Air out footwear after work to keep dry.
 Regularly check for signs of mold and fungus.
 Users of protective footwear should change socks during breaks to keep feet and footwear dry.
 Replace footwear at the first sign of damage and regularly check ones in use to ensure they
are in good working condition.
What are the Types of PPE?
There are different types of PPE depending on the nature of work and the types of hazard present
in the worksite. In some situations, disposable PPE may be provided. Regardless of the type of PPE,
employers responsible for providing their employees with the proper PPE and ensuring that their
working conditions are safe and ideal. Common PPE provided to employees include gloves, safety
helmets, protective goggles, hazmat suits, safety harnesses, and ear plugs. Probably the best way to
define the types of PPE is to know what clothing or equipment is not considered PPE. The following are
not considered PPE:
 Ordinary working clothes not designed to provide protection or to provide for workers’ safety
 Clothing designed for food hygiene
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 Protective equipment used while traveling on public roads, such as motorcycle helmets and
bicycle kneepads
 Protective equipment used by players during competitive sports competitions
 Weapons used for self-defense or as deterrent equipment, such as batons and CS gas
canisters used by the police or military
 Portable devices used for detecting risk, such as radiation-detecting badges and personal gas
detectors
SELF-CHECK NO. 1.4

True or False:
Choose the correct answer. Use answer sheet no. 1.4 for this test
_____ 1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) inspection checklists are

used by safety officials and supervisors to help identify tasks that require
PPE, ensure staff is using the right equipment, and reduce overall harm
_____ 2. Employers are responsible for training employees in the use
and care of PPE
Date Developed:
Developed by:
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Equipment
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_____ 3. Employees are responsible for identifying and providing
appropriate PPE to employees
_____ 4. For helmets check headbands to ensure a comfortable fit
_____ 5. Keep helmets clean by regularly washing them with cold water
and detergent
_____ 6. Always wash lenses with water before wiping them to prevent
scratches caused by foreign objects
_____ 7. Store eyewear in a wet place case and keep in a place to avoid
damage
_____ 8. Always keep gloves clean and dry
_____ 9. Replace footwear at the first sign of damage and regularly
check ones in use to ensure they are in good working condition
_____ 10. Ensure whether gloves are reusable or not and, if reusable,
take note of how long they can be reused safely before requiring
replacement.
ANSWER KEY NO. 1.4
1. T
2. T
3. F
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Equipment
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4. T
5. F
6. T
7. F
8. T
9. T
10. T
Learning Outcome #2 Perform basic preventive maintenance
LEARNING GUIDE
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Equipment
Raagas
2.1
o Whiteboard

2.2
o Whiteboard

2.3
o Whiteboard

2.4
o Whiteboard
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Equipment
Raagas
2.5
o Whiteboard

2.6
o Whiteboard

2.7
o Whiteboard
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
(Appropriate lubricants are identified according to types of
equipment)
1. Identify appropriate lubricants according to types of equipment
The four (4) types of lubricants
A lot of times in the industry, lubricating machines is a task given to new employees because
it’s thought to be a job for newer workers or apprentices. Although lubrication is a relatively easy task
to perform, it is still instrumental to have a good understanding of the different types of lubricants. Doing
so will ensure that the wrong type is never used for the wrong application. This will inevitably prevent
machine downtime and failure.
Let’s start with the basics. There are 4 types of lubricants: Oil, Grease, Penetrating Lubricants,
and Dry Lubricants. The 2 most common lubricants you’ll be dealing with daily are oil and grease,
however, your facility will still be using dry and penetrating lubricants. It’s important to understand
when you should and should not be using these different types of lubricants.
Oil
Oil is one of the most common lubricants found in plants. It’s a
thin liquid that comes in different “weights” or viscosity, the lower the
weight number, the thinner the oil. At times, additives can be mixed
with the oil to prevent oxidizing and corrosion.
When to use oil
 On hinges, bearings, tool maintenance, sharpening blades

 You want to lubricate something without the resistance that’s common when using grease
 You need lubrication, but don’t want to take everything apart, so you wick the oil into a small
space
Date Developed:
Developed by:
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Equipment
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Don’t use oil when
 The machine or part needing lubrication looks to be dirty or dusty. Adding oil to a dirty or
compromised area will cause additional friction or the oil will “gum up.” Additionally, if the
surface isn’t clean, oils that are lower in viscosity will drip or run.
 If the surface area is wet or will become wet, this will wash the oil away. This is a common
misconception since oil does make things water-resistant. However, the oil absorbs the water
and over time it will lower its adhesion and wash off the parts that needed lubrication in the first
place.
Grease
Grease is made by mixing oil, a thickener, (usually a
lithium-based soap) and at times additional lubricants, like PTFE
(Teflon). Due to how it’s made, it has the same lubricating
properties as oil. However, it’s texture and stickiness help it adhere
to surfaces better. Greases come in a variety of consistencies, the
thinnest being similar to ketchup, the thickest coming close to a
block of cheddar cheese.
When to use grease
 On gears, bearings, chains, linkages

 You need the lubrication to stick to the surface for a long period of time
 You want to seal out particles of dust or water droplets
 You use the machine so seldom that you may forget to oil it
Don’t use grease when
 Your machine has fast-moving or fine parts and grease could slow it down or create too much
resistance
 If you need to keep the area clean, moving parts can fling grease around
 You have fine or fast-moving mechanisms where thick grease would create too much
resistance
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
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Penetrating lubricants
Penetrating Lubricant is what you’re grabbing when you
have rusty jack bolts or parts with years of rust or debris on them.
Penetrating lubricant is not long-lasting lubrication, it’s only use is for
infiltrating tiny cracks, adding lubrication and breaking up rust.
When to use penetrating lubricant

 Loosening stuck nuts or bolts. Whether they’re covered in rust or years of debris, this will set
them free.
 Removing chewing gum (it happens), adhesive stickers, and warehouse repair tasks.
Don’t use penetrating lubricant when
 This cannot be used in place for other lubricants, never use this product on bearings or other
parts. It doesn’t last long and will damage your machine.
Dry lubricant
Dry Lubricant is a great alternative when you can’t use oil or
grease that will attract dust and dirt. At a molecular level, the tiny particles
that make up dry lubricant (like graphite) are super slippery. Dry lubricant
usually comes in a spray form that’s been mixed with water, alcohol, or
another solvent that eventually will evaporate away leaving behind a thin
film of lubricant to reduce friction.
When to use dry lubricant

 On threaded rods, locks, hinges
 Tiny parts that can’t be gunked up with grease or surrounding surfaces that need to remain
clean
 You need to avoid using a lubricant that attracts dust or dirt
Date Developed:
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Equipment
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 Surfaces may be exposed to extremely high heat or pressure. If this occurs, oils will start to
oxidize.
Don’t use lubricant when

 The application surface will be exposed to liquids or solvents that can wash away the remaining
lubricant.
Grease Compatibility
Knowing the proper grease compatibility is particularly important to machine maintenance

because lubricant failure can have a serious impact and price tag attached to it. Dire consequences will
occur when the wrong thickeners react together. You may see a reaction that causes a separation of
the base oils from the thickeners. Also, the base oil may no longer stick to the grease, causing it to
ooze and run out of wherever it was applied. Other reactions from mixing greases can affect the
performance characteristics of a running machine such as the load, temperature, stability, and more.
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
SELF-CHECK NO. 2.1
True or False:
_____ 1. Oil is one of the most common lubricants found in plants

______ 2. The higher the weight number, the thinner the oil
_____ 3. Use oil in hinges and bearings
_____ 4. Don’t use oil when if the surface area is wet or will become wet,
this will wash the oil away
_____ 5. Grease is made by mixing oil, a thickener, (usually a lithium-
based soap) and at times additional lubricants, like PTFE (Teflon)
_____ 6. Grease has the same lubricating properties as oil however, it’s
texture and stickiness help it adhere to surfaces better
_____ 7. Dry Lubricant is a great alternative when you can’t use oil or
grease that will attract dust and dirt
_____ 8. Use grease if your machine has fast-moving or fine parts and
grease could slow it down or create too much resistance
_____ 9. Penetrating lubricant is not long-lasting lubrication, it’s only use
is for infiltrating tiny cracks, adding lubrication and breaking up rust.
_____ 10. Penetrating Lubricant is what you’re grabbing when you have
rusty jack bolts or parts with years of rust or debris on them
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
ANSWER KEY NO. 2.1
1. T
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. T
6. T
7. T
8. F
9. T
10. T
Date Developed:
Developed by:
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Equipment
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(Tools and equipment are lubricated according to preventive
maintenance schedule or manufacturer’s specifications)
1. Lubricate tools and equipment according to preventive maintenance schedule

or manufacturer’s specifications
How to maintain all of your tools so they last (almost) forever
Tools can be pretty expensive. If you want to get the most bang for your money it’s important
that you maintain them regularly so that they last as long as possible.
The good news is that most tools don’t really require all that much care and maintenance—
good tools are made to take abuse. However, they aren’t invincible, and after a while your tools will
begin to show signs of deterioration if you don’t properly take care of them. Here are a few things to
keep in mind so that you hopefully won’t have to buy replacement tools anytime soon.
Give tools a quick clean after each use
Dirt and grime on tools accelerate the deterioration process, so if there was only one thing you
could do when maintaining
tools, it’s giving them a quick
wipe down after each use.
You don’t have to be

super thorough, either. Just get
a rag and wipe most of the dirt
and grime off. When it comes to
power tools, take some canned
air or use an air compressor to
blow into the vents in order to
clear out sawdust or drywall
dust.
Date Developed:
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.
Frequently lubricate tools that need it
Tools that have moving parts that rub against each

other can wear down quickly if not properly maintained. Nail
guns, ratchets, and adjustable wrenches are good examples.
Just put a very small dab of basic machine oil on any
moving part and work it in. This stuff also works great on pretty
much anything around the house that can squeak, like door
hinges and sliding tracks.
For pneumatic tools like nail guns, it’s recommended
to use a lubricant designed for such tools. Luckily, it’s just as cheap as basic machine oil.
Coat metal parts in oil to prevent rusting
Tools are made of metal, and most metal can rust, resulting in corrosion and deterioration.
Sometimes there’s no way around it, but with your tools, a
very light coat of oil can do the trick.
You can use pretty much whatever oil you want.

What to do is start by applying a liberal amount to my first
tool, then wipe off the excess with a clean rag. From there, I’ll
use that rag to apply oil to all of the other tools. This ensures
that I’m not over-applying oil, which can attract a ton of dust
onto the tools.
The goal is to coat your tools enough so that when you run your finger across them, the tools
feel a bit greasy and some oil residue gets on your finger. Any more than that and you’re just wasting
oil.
Keep tools away from humidity
Coating your tools in oil is a good measure to take in order to prevent rusting, but probably the
best thing you could do is to store your tools in a dry place away from high humidity.
Moisture accelerates the rusting process, so it’s

important to keep your tools as dry as possible if you
Date Developed:
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decide not to oil them. You can’t really oil the inside of power tools anyway (unless you take them
apart), so it’s definitely important to keep those in dry locations.
The best way to do this is to store your tools in cases or toolboxes. This creates a microclimate
of sorts where it’s much easier to control the humidity level. You can even throw in a silicone gel packet
or two (those small packets of beads you find in shoes and other products when you buy them) to help
with moisture buildup. You can even buy different size dry packs at most hardware stores—or online—if
you don’t have any on hand.
Chrome-finished tools are more impervious to rust, so buy chrome tools if at all possible, rather
than just plain polished steel. Of course, chrome tools aren’t invincible to rust, as the chrome finish can
chip, so still keep an eye on them.
Drain air compressor after every use
Air Compressors work by sucking in outside air, compressing it in a tank, and then spewing out
that compressed air at high velocities. However, while
sucking in air, air compressors also suck in all that moisture
that’s in the air.
Moisture is bad for tools. The same goes for air

compressors, which is why you need to drain the tank after
every use in order to get out all the moisture.
If you don’t do this, moisture will continue to build up in the tank with every use. Eventually,
you’ll end up with a puddle of water at the bottom of the tank that will rust the inside and eventually
compromise the tank’s structural integrity.
Date Developed:
Developed by:
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Equipment
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SELF-CHECK NO. 2.2
True or False:
_____ 1. Giving tools a quick clean after each use will maintain as long
as possible
_____ 2. Tools that have moving parts that rub against each other can
wear down quickly if not properly maintained
_____ 3. Tools are made of plastic, and most plastic can rust, resulting
in corrosion and deterioration
_____ 4. What to do is start by applying a liberal amount to my first tool,
then wipe off the excess with a clean rag
_____ 5. The goal is to coat your tools enough so that when you run
your finger across them, the tools feel a bit greasy and some oil residue
gets on your finger. Any more than that and you’re just wasting oil.
_____ 6. The best thing you could do is to store your tools in a wet place
away from low humidity
_____ 7. Moisture accelerates the rusting process, so it’s important to

keep your tools as dry as possible if you decide not to oil them
_____ 8. Air Compressors work by sucking in outside air, compressing it

in a tank, and then spewing out that compressed air at high velocities
_____ 9. Chrome-finished tools are more impervious to rust, so buy

chrome tools if at all possible, rather than just plain polished steel
_____ 10. For pneumatic tools like nail guns, it’s recommended to use a
lubricant designed for such tools
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
ANSWER KEY NO. 2.2
1. T
2. T
3. F
4. T
5. T
6. F
7. T
8. T
9. T
10. T
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
(Measuring instruments are checked and calibrated in accordance
with manufacturer’s instructions)
1. Check and calibrate measuring instruments in accordance with

Instrument accuracy checks and calibration
Consider all the instruments and devices that measure something in your facility. These
measurements may include temperature, weight, pressure, humidity, pH, salinity, and the list continue.
Each device has a purpose, and the resulting measurements are needed for monitoring and managing
the equipment or product. But what happens when these devices become inaccurate and fail to provide
precise results? Does your facility have an instrument calibration or accuracy check program with
procedures to verify that the devices are precise and accurate? Management should be confident that
their measuring devices are reading correctly. The following steps will help you establish an instrument
calibration procedure, or tune up you’re existing one.
Step 1: Identify the measuring devices/ instruments

Develop a comprehensive list of every device in your facility that is used to measure
something. This includes scales, thermometers, gauges, pH meters, and so forth. Then determine if all
the listed devices are still of benefit. Those devices that are no longer of use should either be removed
or marked as not being routinely checked for accuracy. Before removing any device, check with the
managers, supervisors, and employees in the area to make sure it is not used. One suggestion is to
place a sign on the instrument stating that it will be removed unless management is notified that it is
used.
If the instruments do not have a manufacturer identification number, clearly mark each device with
a unique number by attaching an asset number tag, etching the device, or using another labeling
method. Identification by location (i.e., table scale) may be appropriate if there is only one of the
devices; however, a numbering system is recommended, especially if any of the following
circumstances apply:
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 The device is the standard used to calibrate other devices (such as a NIST-certified
thermometer).
 The device is used to monitor a critical control point (CCP).
 Your facility has more than one of the devices. For example, table scales can be moved easily
and the same one may not necessarily be returned to the same location.
Assign a procedure number for the method of certification, calibration, and accuracy checks used
for each device. Documented procedures should include:
 How to conduct the check.
 Acceptable deviations/deviation range.
 Corrective action if the results are not within the accepted deviation range.
 Documentation requirements.
The instrument check/calibration procedure should include frequency of the checks for each
device, such as daily, weekly, monthly, annually.
Also, specify the department or position responsible for checking the devices or for arrangements if
an outside agency will be used. Finally, make sure the location of the affiliated results and corrective
actions is identified in the procedure.
Step 2: Determine certifications, calibrations, and accuracy check requirements

Certification of Accuracy. The use of a recognized standard, such as calibration against the
National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST), is a regulatory requirement for some segments
of the food industry. The use of a NIST-certified device or certified-reference standards is typical for
most measuring devices, based on the critical nature of the measuring device accuracy, Good
Laboratory Practices, and other standards of the industry.
At a minimum, the traceable reference standard should be recertified annually. Obtain and
maintain the documentation provided by the certification company. Note: for digital thermometers with
interchangeable probes, both the digital device and affiliated probe are to be recertified.
If an outside company is used to calibrate the devices, the resulting documentation should
include the NIST-certified standard’s identifying number.
Standardization. Historically, NIST-certified thermometers were glass and mercury, thus, not

routinely removed from the lab or brought into production areas. In this situation, a second thermometer
Date Developed:
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was often calibrated against the NIST-certified thermometer. The resulting standardized thermometer
was then used for accuracy checks. With today’s digital thermometers, most locations are using NIST-
certified digital thermometers as their standard for all calibration and accuracy checks.
Some segments of the industry (such as low-acid canned foods 1) are still required by regulation
to use certified, mercury-in-glass thermometers. Weights used for in-house checks are commonly
overlooked. They can fluctuate in weight based on their condition. Chipped or broken weights may
weigh less, while rusting weights can weigh more. If an outside contractor is used to calibrate scales,
include your weights in the contract for an accuracy check.
Calibration. Calibration involves testing the device with two different measurements or standards,
typically just above and below the range of actual use. Examples include:
 Two different buffer solutions would be used to calibrate a pH meter (such as 4.0 and 7.0 if the
products being tested are at a range of 4.2 to 5.0).
 A thermometer would be checked against the NIST-certified thermometer at two temperatures,
such as ice chip (for cold) or oil tank (for hot) AND at room temperature.
Ensure the instrument is capable of handling the calibration standards. An extreme example would
be testing a sensitive table scale with a 100-pound weight. Similarly, a bi-metal or dial-type
thermometer can be damaged if exposed to rapid temperature extremes (such as plunging the probe
into ice water directly after being in a hot oil bath).
Accuracy Checks. Accuracy checks determine if the instrument is reading a true or correct value at
a single point. For example, routine accuracy checks of a thermometer could involve immersing the
probe into an ice slurry to determine if the thermometer measures a temperature of 32ºF.
A second type of accuracy check would be to compare a wall thermometer in the refrigerated
warehouse against a standardized thermometer (the standardized thermometer being the standard).
For seafood HACCP and other regulated segments of the industry, the refrigerator thermometer/RTD
probe is to be calibrated at least annually; a single point accuracy check may not be sufficient.
Frequency Determination. The frequency of conducting each type of accuracy check depends on
multiple factors, including:
 Regulatory requirements.
 Manufacturer’s recommendations.
 Industry standards/Good Laboratory Practices.
 Level of risk to product safety if the device is inaccurate.
 Inherent reliability. (For example, the least reliable types of thermometers are dial and bi-metal
probe thermometers, whereas most digital thermometers are fairly reliable.)
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 Environment of use. Is the measuring device moved (e.g., table-top scale moved during daily
sanitation)?
 Potential abuse, such as receiving thermometers that may be put into pockets, sat on, etc.
 Historic information about accuracy/past performance.
Step 3: Methodology
Each method of determining the accuracy of a measuring device is to have clearly outlined
procedures that an individual can follow with training. A key resource for accuracy checks or calibration
procedures is the equipment manufacturer. These procedures do not necessarily need to be elaborate,
such as the Thermometer Calibration Guide and affiliated poster provided online by Kansas State
University
Step 4: Corrective action

Clearly defined corrective action is needed when a device is identified as being out of the
accepted range. The obvious first step is to immediately correct the device. If that is not possible,
determine if it should be used. If you decide to continue using it, make sure to include a documented
explanation of any resulting monitoring record as to the deviation.
A second and often overlooked corrective action is to determine if product safety (such as
measurement of a critical control point) or quality has been compromised. This may require holding all
products back to the last acceptable, documented check/calibration of the device while conducting the
investigation. The investigation itself would then involve a review of all affiliated records to determine if
the product is safe (such as the documented operating temperatures were well within the outlined CCP)
or if the product quality is acceptable for distribution.
Step 5: Verification
Verification encompasses at least four activities, including:
 A scheduled, periodic review of the associated records should be conducted by identified
management.
 Ensure the individual(s) doing the check/calibration are following the procedures and are
questioned about what they would do if the device was inaccurate.
 Ensure the procedures and acceptable deviation range remains valid.
 At a minimum, ensure the list of devices to be calibrated remains accurate. This list should be
reviewed annually and updated whenever a new measuring device is added or removed or the
use is changed for a particular purpose.
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
Step 6: Documentation and record keeping
Remember the adage, “If it is not documented, it was not done.” A number of documents have
been identified, including the procedures for conducting the accuracy check/calibration, the National
Institute for Standards and Technology certification, the accuracy check/calibration findings and
potential corrective action, and record verification. The record retention schedule for these documents
should match any federal, state, local, or company requirements for the documents that can recreate
the history of the product
Conclusion
A Calibration Program is necessary to ensure that the instruments and devices used to
measure key processing or product parameters are accurate. These suggested steps will help any food
plant set up a program so they can rest easy knowing that their measuring devices are reading
correctly.
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
SELF-CHECK NO. 2.3
True or False:
_____ 1. Scales and thermometers are example for measuring devices/

instruments
_____ 2. Place a sign in the measuring devices/ instruments if it is no
longer use or not yet calibrated
_____ 3. If the instruments do not have a manufacturer identification
number, clearly mark each device with a unique number by attaching an
asset number tag
_____ 4. The instrument check/calibration procedure should include
frequency of the checks for each device, such as daily, weekly, monthly,
annually.
_____ 5. Specify the department or position responsible for checking the
devices or for arrangements if an outside agency will be used
_____ 6. NIST stands for national institute of specialties and technology
_____ 7. Standardization involves testing the device with two different
measurements or standards, typically just above and below the range of
actual use
_____ 8. Accuracy checks determine if the instrument is reading a true
or correct value at a single point
_____ 9. The frequency of conducting each type of accuracy check
depends on multiple factors
_____ 10. In documentation and record keeping remember the adage, “If
it is not documented, it was not done.”
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
ANSWER KEY NO. 2.3
1. T
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. T
6. F
7. F
8. T
9. T
10. T
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
(Tools are cleaned and lubricated according to standard
procedures)
1. Clean and lubricate tools according to standard procedures
Proper Tools Maintenance
If you take care of your tools, they will return the favor. Proper care and routine maintenance of
your hand tools and power tools makes any home improvement or repair project easier, safer and more
successful. Proper tool care also saves you money because the better they’re cared for, the longer
they’ll last.
Hand tools
Hand tools such as screwdrivers, wrenches, hammers, pliers, levels, and wire cutters are examples of
common household tools that are often left out in places such as basements, garages and tool sheds.
Tools are tough, but they are not indestructible and exposure to the elements can take its toll.
Clean, inspect and care for tools
Make it a habit to clean tools after each use before you return them to storage. Wipe them
down with a rag or old towel and be sure they are free of dust, grease and debris before you put them
into their proper places. This is also an opportunity to look for any damage or defects. Check your tools'
handles for splinters, breaks and cracks. Also, make sure that metal parts show no signs of corrosion or
rust. Repair or replace any tools that show signs of damage.
Store tools properly
A proper storage system is a must for hand tools. A toolbox, storage container, shelving unit, or
a combination of all of these can be used to keep your tools protected and in peak condition. Ideally,
your storage units should be kept somewhere with minimal exposure to moisture and temperature
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
changes. Remember to keep tools in their respective places or hung on designated hangers when a job
has been completed.
SELF-CHECK NO. 2.4

True or False:
_____ 1. If you take care of your tools, they will return the favor
_____ 2. Tools are tough, but they are not indestructible and exposure
to the elements can take its toll.
_____ 3. Make it a habit to clean tools after each use before you return
them to storage
_____ 4. Wipe them down with a rag or old towel and be sure they are
free of dust, grease and debris before you put them into their proper
places
_____ 5. A toolbox, storage container, shelving unit, or a combination of

all of these can be used to keep your tools protected and in peak
condition
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
ANSWER KEY NO. 2.4
1. T
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. T
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
(Defective instruments, equipment and accessories are inspected
and replaced according to manufacturer’s specifications)
1. Inspect and replace defective tools, equipment and accessories according to

manufacturer’s specifications
Hand tools inspection processes
Every manufacturer knows the importance of providing quality product to each consumer
worldwide. If consumers like the product, it is safe to expect that the consumer would be a repeat-
customer. In order to obtain high quality products all the time, it is very important to perform different
tests and inspection process to ensure product reliability, safety and ease of use.
This article will cover the standard inspection processes being done on various hand tools
available in the market today:
Pre-production inspection
The purpose of this inspection process is to verify that all of the needed tools for hand tool
production are free from any damage, defects or any loose joints to ensure proper and consistent
production when the operation starts. Any devices that show any defects should be repaired or
replaced as soon as possible to avoid the risks of creating defective products.
Raw materials inspection
The purpose of this inspection process is to thoroughly inspect and verify that all of the needed
materials for molding, hardening, cooling, and assembling are in complete and good order to ensure
that all of the materials to be used are free from any damages or defects prior to initiating the
production process. Any component that is proven to show defects will be labeled “DEFECTIVE” and
will be re-assigned to a different queue for repairs or refurbishment.
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
Assembly inspection
The purpose of this inspection process is to verify that all of the specifications under the
assembly queue meet the initial requirements in order for it to be considered in the next production
queue. Items that have the following will be labeled as “DEFECTIVE” and will be reassigned to a
different queue according to its defective state.
Defective list:
 Deformations (for steel-based tools)
 Visual Damage
 Loose components
 Pre-production anomalies

COATING INSPECTION
The purpose of this inspection process is to verify that all of the hand tools that require metal
coating are properly coated evenly on all the needed surface of the hand tool to ensure that all of the
products in need of coating are properly checked. Each hand tool that has missed spots during the
coating process will be re-coated to save on production time.
VISUAL INSPECTION
The purpose of this inspection process is to thoroughly inspect all of the hand tools, regardless of
the type, for any visible damages, dents, cracks, chips, or any known production anomalies to ensure
that all of the hand tools on the queue are ready for the next set of inspection processes. Should there
be any items that show poor craftsmanship and functionality, these will be labeled “DEFECTIVE” and
should be reconfigured to pass the quality control and safety guidelines.
WEIGHT AND MEASUREMENT INSPECTION

The purpose of this inspection process is to accurately measure the different hand tools under the
same category to ensure that all of the tools are uniform in height, weight, size and diameter. This
process is important to assure the right number of components used under the same queue is in check.
For the actual measurements, each hand tool will undergo a machine that will accurately measure
each dimension of the hand tool to ensure proper ergonometric features that is both safe and reliable
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
for everyday use (if applicable). Any hand tool that has a different specification as provided will be
labeled as “DEFECTIVE” and will be re-assessed accordingly.
HANDS ON/QUALITY CONTROL INSPECTION

The purpose of this inspection process is to thoroughly test and inspect the behaviors of the
different hand tools when being used to raise awareness of how certain items can break and cause
unwanted accidents. Each hand tool will be inspected and tested using different sets of tests that would
fit the hand tool on the current queue.
The main focus of this inspection is to verify that there are no hand tools that have poor-quality
plating and grinding capabilities all the time to keep the quality of excellence seal for all the hand tools
being tested. By performing efficiency testing on all hand tools, inspectors will be able to accurately pin-
point the maximum capabilities of these hand tools by battery testing and other hands-on exercises.
Any items that fail the hands-on inspection will automatically be labeled as “DEFECTIVE” and will
be thrown away to avoid the risk of reconditioning defective equipment.
Electrical Hand Tools: Each electrical hand tool (drills, screwdrivers, polishers etc…) will undergo
battery tests and efficiency tests to properly measure the performance and capabilities of each
electrical tool to ensure safe, efficient and reliable use prior to shipping and distribution.
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
SELF-CHECK NO. 2.5
True or False:
_____ 1. In order to obtain high quality products all, the time it is very
important to perform different tests and inspection process to ensure
product reliability, safety and ease of use
_____ 2. Pre-production inspection verify that all of the needed tools for
hand tool production are free from any damage
_____ 3. Any device that shows any defects should be used again as
soon as possible
_____ 4. Raw materials inspection is to thoroughly inspect and verify
that all of the needed materials for molding, hardening, cooling, and
assembling are in complete and good order
_____ 5. Any component that is proven to show defects will be labeled
“MALFUNCTION” and will be re-assigned to a different queue for repairs
or refurbishment
_____ 6. Assembly inspection is to verify that all of the specifications
under the assembly queue meet the initial requirements in order for it to
be considered in the next production queue
_____ 7. Deformation, visual damage, loose components and pre-
production anomalies are the lists or defective and will be reassigned
queue according to its defective state
_____ 8. Coating inspection process is to verify that all of the hand tools
that require metal coating are properly coated evenly on all the needed
surface of the hand tool
_____ 9. Visual inspection process is to thoroughly inspect all of the
hand tool, regardless of the type, for any visible damages, dents, cracks,
chips, or any known production anomalies
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
_____ 10. Weight and measurement inspection is to accurately measure
the different hand tools under the same category to ensure that all of the
tools are uniform in height, weight, size and diameter
ANSWER KEY NO. 2.5
1. T
2. T
3. F
4. T
5. F
6. T
7. T
8. T
9. T
10. T
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
(Tools are inspected, repaired and replaced after use)
1. Inspect repaired and replace tools after use
Tools inspection
There are many injuries while using hand tools on the job. Many of these injuries occur from
improper use, but there are also injuries that involve a tool that was broken or in need of repair. What
tool is being used will decide what needs to be inspected on it. In this safety topic we will discuss basic
hand held tools that are not electric or pneumatic.
Common hand tools found on almost every jobsite and at home across the country are screw
drivers, hammers, chisels, and wrenches. This is not an all-inclusive list, but these are some of the
most commonly used hand tools.
Common Hand Tool Inspection Items
Hammers– Ensure that the handle is not broken or chipped. If a handle is taped, more than likely it is
broken and needs replaced. On any tool, tape is not a manufacturer’s approved fix for a needed
repair. Ensure the head of the hammer is tight on the handle. Throw the hammer away if part of the
claw is broken off.
Screwdrivers– Ensure the handle is not chipped or broken. Many people will use the screwdriver as a
chisel and hit the back end of it with a hammer. This causes damage to the screwdriver and will
damage the handle. If the head of the screwdriver is chipped or worn down, replace the screwdriver.
Chisels– Chisels are strong tools, but just like any other tool they will begin to break down over time.
Check the back of the chisel. Often times, the back will begin to mushroom. When mushrooming occurs
the chisel either needs to be repaired properly or replaced.
Wrenches– Check that the wrench is not bent. Replace any wrench that is chipped or excessively worn.
Losing the grip on a bolt due to a worn or broken wrench can easily cause hand injuries to the user.
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
General Hand Tools Best Practices
 Keep tools clean. Dirty tools are harder to use safely and properly.
 Do not modify hand tools. Keep the manufacturer’s design intact.
 Secure all hand tools and store them away properly. Tools left out are much more likely to get
lost, stolen, or damaged.
 Use tools how they are designed to be used. This will keep the tool in good condition longer
and you safe when using it.
SELF-CHECK NO. 2.6

True or False:
_____ 1. Ensure that the handle is not broken or chipped

_____ 2. The proper way to use screwdrivers as a chisel and hit the
back end of it with a hammer
_____ 3. Keep tools clean. Dirty tools are harder to use safely and
properly
_____ 4. Do not modify hand tools. Keep the manufacturer’s design
intact
_____ 5. Use tools how they are designed to be used
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
ANSWER KEY NO. 2.6
1. T
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. T
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
(Workplace is cleaned and kept in safe state in line with OHSA
regulations)
1. Clean and kept in safe state the workplace inline with OHSA regulations
Effective workplace cleaning tips to keep everyone safe
In the workplace, housekeeping is more than simple floor cleaning, dust removal, and
organizing clutter. Housekeeping is crucial to having a safe work environment, helping prevent injuries,
improve productivity and morale, and
making a positive impression on visitors.
This practice goes beyond the traditional
office rooms to industrial workplaces, like
warehouses and factories, where good
housekeeping is more of a challenge with
hazardous and flammable materials.
Experts say that all workplace safety
programs should include housekeeping
and that all employees play a part. Here
are some tips on good housekeeping:
1. Prevent Slips, Trips, and Falls
 Keep floors clean and dry

 Make sure drainage is present where “wet processes” occur
 Report and clean up spills and leaks
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
 Keep aisles and exits clear
 Consider using mirrors and caution signs for blind spots
2. Eliminate Fire Hazards

 Keep only necessary amounts of combustible materials in your area
 Store quick burning, flammable materials in designated areas
 Avoid contaminating clothes with
flammable liquids
 Hazards in electrical areas should
be reported and fixed
3. Control Dust
 Never use just a shop vac or dry
sweep dust
 Use wet methods or a high
efficiency vacuum
4. Avoid Tracking Material

 Work-area mats should be kept clean and maintained to avoid spreading hazardous
materials
 Separate cleaning protocols might be needed for different areas to avoid cross-
contamination
 If working with toxic materials, do not wear the same clothes home
5. Prevent Falling Objects

 Use a toe board, toe rail, or net
 Stack boxes and other materials straight up
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
 Keep heavy objects on the lowest shelf
6. Clear Clutter
 Keep aisles, stairways, emergency exits, electrical panels, and doors free of clutter
 Purge untidy areas and empty trash receptacles
7. Store Items Properly

 Store unused materials and equipment out of the way of workers
 Avoid using workspace for storage
 Put everything back where it belongs after use
8. Use and Inspect Personal Protective Equipment and Tools

 Wear basic PPE when performing house cleaning
 Regularly inspect, clean, and fix tools
 Remove any damaged tools from the work area
9. Determine Frequency
 All workers should inspect, and clean their
workspace and remove unused materials
 Companies should have a mixture between deep
cleaning and frequent, light cleaning (i.e. sweeping
and cleaning up spills)
10. Create Written Rules

 Written protocol should specify which cleaners, tools
and methods should be used
 Written protocols make the workplace more efficient
so that people are aware of and know the proper
procedures
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
11. Think Long-Term
 Maintain a regular walkthrough inspection schedule
 Keep records, report hazards and train employees to help sustain housekeeping
SELF-CHECK NO. 2.7

True or False:
_____ 1. Keep aisles and exits clear

_____ 2. Keep only necessary amounts of combustible materials in your
area
_____ 3. Store quick burning, flammable materials anywhere in the
workplace
_____ 4. Work-area mats should be kept clean and maintained to avoid
spreading hazardous materials
_____ 5. If working with toxic materials, wear the same clothes home
_____ 6. Keep heavy objects on the highest shelf
_____ 7. Keep aisles, stairways, emergency exits, electrical panels, and
doors free of clutter
_____ 8. All workers should inspect, and clean their workspace and
remove unused materials
_____ 9. Written protocol should specify which cleaners, tools and
methods should be used
_____ 10. Keep records, report hazards and train employees to help
sustain housekeeping
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
ANSWER KEY NO. 2.7
1. T
2. T
3. F
4. T
5. F
6. F
7. T
8. T
9. T
10. T
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
Learning Outcome #3 Store tools and equipment
LEARNING GUIDE
3.1
o Whiteboard

3.2
o Whiteboard
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
 Listen to and observe instructor’s o Task sheet 3.3
inventory report demonstration
 Perform inventory writings as o Inventory checklist form

demonstrated using task sheet 3.3 o Whiteboard
 Submit output to instructor for o Multimedia equipment
constructive critiquing

(Inventory of tools, instruments and equipment are conducted and
recorded as per company practices)
1. Inventory of tools, instruments and equipment are conducted and recorded as

per company practices
What is inventory management
Inventory management is a step in the supply chain where inventory and stock quantities are
tracked in and out of your warehouse.
The goal of inventory management systems is to know where your inventory is at any given
time and how much of it you have in order to manage inventory levels correctly.
Some companies may opt to scan in inventory via a barcode scanner to increase efficiency along pick
routes and accuracy.
Unlike an ERP system, an inventory management system focuses on one supply chain
process. They often come with the ability to integrate with other software systems – point of sale,
channel management, shipping – so you can build a personalized integration stack to the needs of your
unique business.
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
Why Is Inventory Management Important?
Inventory management is the fundamental building block to longevity. When your inventory is properly
organized, the rest of your supply-chain management will fall into place. Without it, you risk a litany of
mistakes like mis-shipments, out of stocks, overstocks, mis-picks, and so on.
Proper warehouse management is key. Mis-picks result from incorrect paper pick lists, disorganized
shelf labels, or just a messy warehouse in general. Mis-shipments are a direct result of mis-picks at the
beginning of the inventory process, and are also a result of a lack in quality control procedures.
Out of stocks and overstocks occur when a company uses manual methods to place orders without
having a full grasp on the state of their inventory. This is a not a good predictor for inventory forecasting
and results in too much stock or too little.
All of these mistakes will not only cost you money, but also cost you in wasted labor spent correcting
the mistakes later. When you don’t implement management tools, your risk of human error mistakes
goes up by the minute. And your customer reviews and loyalty take a negative hit as well.
Inventory Management Techniques

That being said, inventory management is only as powerful as the way you use it.
It’s well worth the extra time and money to have inventory management set up by the experts who
made the software. Work with them to make sure you’re utilizing the proper techniques and features to
get the most bang for your buck.
Let’s take a look at some inventory-control techniques you may choose to utilize in your own
warehouse.
1. Economic order quantity

Economic order quantity, or EOQ, is a formula for the ideal order quantity a company needs to
purchase for its inventory with a set of variables like total costs of production, demand rate, and other
factors.
The overall goal of EOQ is to minimize related costs. The formula is used to identify the greatest
number of product units to order to minimize buying. The formula also takes the number of units in the
delivery of and storing of inventory unit costs. This helps free up tied cash in inventory for most
companies.
2. Minimum order quantity

On the supplier side, minimum order quantity (MOQ) is the smallest amount of set stock a supplier is
willing to sell. If retailers are unable to purchase the MOQ of a product, the supplier won’t sell it to you.
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
For example, inventory items that cost more to produce typically have a smaller MOQ as opposed to
cheaper items that are easier and more cost effective to make.
3. ABC analysis
This inventory categorization technique splits subjects into three categories to identify items that have a
heavy impact on overall inventory cost.
 Category A serves as your most valuable products that contribute the most to overall profit.
 Category B is the products that fall somewhere in between the most and least valuable.
 Category C is for the small transactions that are vital for overall profit but don’t matter much
individually to the company altogether.
4. Just-in-time inventory management

Just-in-time (JIT) inventory management is a technique that arranges raw material orders from
suppliers in direct connection with production schedules.
JIT is a great way to reduce inventory costs. Companies receive inventory on an as-needed basis
instead of ordering too much and risking dead stock. Dead stock is inventory that was never sold or
used by customers before being removed from sale status.
5. Safety stock inventory

Safety stock inventory management is extra inventory being ordered beyond expected demand. This
technique is used to prevent stockouts typically caused by incorrect forecasting or unforeseen changes
in customer demand.
7. FIFO and LIFO

LIFO and FIFO are methods to determine the cost of inventory. FIFO, or First in, First out, assumes the
older inventory is sold first. FIFO is a great way to keep inventory fresh.
LIFO, or Last-in, First-out, assumes the newer inventory is typically sold first. LIFO helps prevent
inventory from going bad.
8. Recorder point formula

The recorder point formula is an inventory management technique that’s based on a business’s own
purchase and sales cycles that varies on a per-product basis. A reorder point is usually higher than a
safety stock number to factor in lead time.
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
9. Batch tracking
Batch tracking is a quality control inventory management technique wherein users can group and
monitor a set of stock with similar traits. This method helps to track the expiration of inventory or trace
defective items back to their original batch.
10. Consignment inventory

If you’re thinking about your local consignment store here, you’re exactly right. Consignment inventory
is a business deal when a consigner (vendor or wholesaler) agrees to give a consignee (retailer like
your favorite consignment store) their goods without the consignee paying for the inventory upfront. The
consigner offering the inventory still owns the goods and the consignee pays for them only when they
sell.
11. Perpetual inventory management

Perpetual inventory management is simply counting inventory as soon as it arrives. It’s the most basic
inventory management technique and can be recorded manually on pen and paper or a spreadsheet.
12. Dropshipping
Dropshipping is an inventory management fulfillment method in which a store doesn’t actually keep the
products it sells in stock. When a store makes a sale, instead of picking it from their own inventory, they
purchase the item from a third party and have it shipped to the consumer. The seller never sees our
touches the product itself.
13. Lean Manufacturing

Lean is a broad set of management practices that can be applied to any business practice. It’s goal is
to improve efficiency by eliminating waste and any non value-adding activities from daily business.
14. Six Sigma

Six Sigma is a brand of teaching that gives companies tools to improve the performance of their
business (increase profits) and decrease the growth of excess inventory.
15. Lean Six Sigma

Lean Six Sigma enhances the tools of Six Sigma, but instead focuses more on increasing word
standirdization and the flow of business.
16. Demand forecasting

Demand forecasting should become a familiar inventory management technique to retailers. Demand
forecasting is based on historical sales data to formulate an estimate of the expected forecast of
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
customer demand. Essentially, it’s an estimate of the goods and services a company expects
customers to purchase in the future.
17. Cross-docking
Cross-docking is an inventory management technique whereby an incoming truck unloads materials
directly into outbound trucks to create a JIT shipping process. There is little or no storage in between
deliveries.
18. Bulk shipments

Bulk shipments is a cost efficient method of shipping when you palletize inventory to ship more at once.
Sample inventory checklist form
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
SELF-CHECK NO. 3.1
Identification:
Identify the following questions. Use answer sheet no. 3.1 for this test
__________ 1. A technique that arranges raw material orders from

suppliers in direct connection with production schedules
__________ 2. What category serves as your most valuable products
that contribute the most to overall profit
__________ 3. What category is for the small transactions that are vital
for overall profit but don’t matter much individually to the company
altogether
__________ 4. Inventory management is extra inventory being ordered
beyond expected demand
__________ 5. FIFO means
__________ 6. Inventory management technique that’s based on a
business’s own purchase and sales cycles that varies on a per-product
basis
__________ 7. Business deal when a consigner (vendor or wholesaler)
agrees to give a consignee (retailer like your favorite consignment store)
their goods without the consignee paying for the inventory upfront
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
__________ 8. Quality control inventory management technique wherein
users can group and monitor a set of stock with similar traits
__________ 9. Inventory management fulfillment method in which a
store doesn’t actually keep the products it sells in stock
__________ 10. Inventory management is simply counting inventory as
soon as it arrives
__________ 11. Brand of teaching that gives companies tools to
improve the performance of their business (increase profits) and
decrease the growth of excess inventory
__________ 12. Inventory management technique whereby an incoming

truck unloads materials directly into outbound trucks to create a JIT
shipping process. There is little or no storage in between deliveries
__________ 13. cost efficient method of shipping when you palletize

inventory to ship more at once.
__________ 14. Enhances the tools of Six Sigma, but instead focuses
more on increasing word standardization and the flow of business
__________ 15. Broad set of management practices that can be applied

to any business practice. It’s goal is to improve efficiency by eliminating
waste and any non value-adding activities from daily business
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
ANSWER KEY NO. 3.1
1. Just in time
2. Category A
3. Category C
4. Safety stock
5. First in first out
6. Recorder point formula
7. Consignment inventory
8. Batch tracking
9. Dropshipping
10. Perpetual inventory management
11. Six sigma

Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
12. Cross-docking
13. Bulk shipments
14. Lean six sigma
15. Lean manufacturing

(Tools and equipment are stored safely in appropriate locations in
accordance with manufacturer’s specifications or company
procedures)
1. Store safely the tools and equipment in appropriate locations in accordance

with manufacturer’s specifications or company procedures
How to store equipment and materials safely
Safe storage of materials and equipment is essential for many businesses, such as
construction job sites, laboratories, and other locations that handle chemicals, flammable gases and
other hazardous materials. Storage methods and procedures are regulated for many such items;
when in doubt it is always best to be cautious to prevent accidents. Locking storage cabinets and
restricting access to storage areas will prevent unauthorized handling of stored items and minimize
the possibility of theft.
General Plan
Create a plan for storing all equipment and materials at your site. Assign a specific location
to each item or type of item and label the space accordingly. Make certain that work areas and
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
walkways are kept clear of all stored items. Use tape or paint to identify such areas on the floor of a
large area, such as a manufacturing facility. In an office, laboratory or similar smaller setting, use
cabinets with doors that close securely. Always leave at least 1.5 feet between the top of stored
items and fire sprinklers, if present. Make sure that all stacks are solid and secure them whenever
possible.
Flammable Materials
Materials that are highly flammable require special handling. Gases such as propane and
butane must be kept in pressure-safe containers with appropriate labels. Flammable gases are to be
kept in a separate, well-ventilated area. According to the Occupational Safety and Health
Association, flammable liquids such as gasoline and kerosene must be stored in approved containers
located away from other flammable materials. These can be stored only in a specially constructed
room that is able to contain a fire for one to two hours. Keep flammable materials 50 feet away from
sources of heat or flame.
Chemicals and Other Hazardous Materials

All chemicals, including cleaning materials, should be kept in their original containers or in
properly labeled containers of an appropriate type. Every workplace that uses chemicals of any type
should have a book containing all material data safety sheets, and the book must be kept where it is
easily accessible. Chemicals must be stored where there is no public access and where tipping or
breaking can’t happen, such as secure shelves inside a locked cupboard. The cupboard must be
labeled with the type of materials it contains.
Machinery and Equipment

Machinery such as forklifts such must be kept in a safe location where it is protected from
unauthorized access, weather and accidental damage. It must be kept away from driveways,
walkways and other areas where access is required. All equipment should be turned off when not in
use. If there is a chance of oil, hydraulic fluid or other liquids leaking from the vehicle while it is
stored, use a drip pan underneath it to catch any spills. Check the area frequently for such leaks and
clean them up immediately if any are found, as these represent significant fall hazards for
employees.
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
SELF-CHECK NO. 3.2
True or False:
Write T if the statement is true otherwise F. Use answer sheet no. 3.2 for
this test
_____ 1. Safe storage of materials and equipment is essential for many
businesses, such as construction job sites, laboratories, and other
locations that handle chemicals, flammable gases and other hazardous
materials
_____ 2. Locking storage cabinets and restricting access to storage
areas will prevent unauthorized handling of stored items and minimize
the possibility of theft
_____ 3. Create a plan for storing all equipment and materials at your
site
_____ 4. Always leave at least 1.5 feet between the top of stored items
and fire sprinklers, if present
_____ 5. All chemicals, including cleaning materials, should be kept in
their original containers or in properly labeled containers of an
appropriate type
_____ 6. Machinery such as forklifts such must be kept in a safe
location where it is protected from unauthorized access, weather and
accidental damage
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
_____ 7. If there is a chance of oil, hydraulic fluid or other liquids
leaking from the vehicle while it is stored, use a drip pan underneath it
to catch any spills
_____ 8. Check the area frequently for such leaks and clean them up
immediately if any are found, as these represent significant fall hazards
for employees
_____ 9. Flammable gases are to be kept in a separate, well-ventilated

area
_____ 10. The cupboard must be labeled with the type of materials it
contains
ANSWER KEY NO. 3.2
1. T
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. T
6. T
7. T
8. T
9. T
10. T
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
TASK SHEET 3.3
Title: Inventory checklist form

Performance Objective/s: Given a recorded site scenario, you
should be able to write and fill up a
inventory checklist following the
instructor demonstration, lecture and
information sheet 3.1
Supplies/ Materials: Inventory checklist form
Equipment: Tools, equipment and materials to audit
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
Steps/ Procedure:
1. Listen to instructor
2. Ask if you have questions
3. Reflect to the instructor answer (if you have questions)
4. Watch a video
5. End video
6. Observe and write the inventory checklist form
7. Finalize and submit work
Assessment Method:
Demonstration
Performance Criteria Checklist 3.3
Criteria YES NO
Did you …
play the video
Include the functioning tools and equipment
Include the defective tools and equipment
Write down the part number of each tools and
equipment
Include how many pieces of each tool and equipment
Has
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas
Include all the cabinets and drawers for tools
Date Developed:
Developed by:
John Edward
Equipment
Raagas

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COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Sector CONSTRUCTION SECTOR

Qualification Title HEAVY EQUIPMENT OPERATION

Unit of Competency MAINTAIN TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

Module Title MAINTAINING TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

Monark Foundation Incorporated

Welcome to the module in “MAINTAIN TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT”. This

The unit of competency MAINTAIN TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT is designed to

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

Performance Criteria Checklist

Self-Check Answer Key

Learning Outcome Summary

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

Prepare construction Preparing construction CON931201

Observe procedures, Observing procedures,

Interpret technical Interpreting technical CON311202

Perform mensuration’s Performing mensuration’s CON311203

Maintain Tools and Equipment

 Read Information Sheet 1.2 o Information sheet 1.2

 Read Information Sheet 1.3 o Information sheet 1.3

 Read Information Sheet 1.4 o Information sheet 1.4

INFORMATION SHEET NO. 1.1

1. Classify different materials, tools and equipment according to job

Materials Tools and Equipment

Classification of Hand Tools

 Fastening Tools (driving tools)

Driving hand tools are those tools which are designed in

Holding tools are used for gripping objects by using

Hydraulic power tools should use a fire-resistant fluid

_____ 1. Striking tools is one of the classifications of power tools

1. Segregate and label non-functional tools and equipment

A. Make an inventory of functional and non-functional tools in your shop

Hammer with a broken handle

Electrical equipment with damage cord

Functional tools and equipment are those

_____ 1. Visual Inspection refers to the visual observation of an expert

1. Observe safety of tools and equipment in accordance with manufacturer’s

POWER TOOLS PRECAUTIONS

The following general precautions should be observed by power tool users:

These general practices should be followed when using electric tools:

POWERED ABRASIVE WHEEL TOOLS

In addition, when using a powered grinder:

Safety precautions to remember include the following:

HYDRAULIC POWER TOOLS

GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

a. Take the edge off

_____ 4. These are the personal protective equipment, except:

_____ 6. Guards, as necessary, should be provided to protect the operator and

a. Three-wire cord with ground

_____ 10. When using a powered grinder:

ANSWER KEY NO. 1.3

1. Check the condition of PPE in accordance with manufacturer’s instruction

What are PPE inspection checklist?

What are the maintenance requirements for PPE?

For protective eyewear:

What are the Types of PPE?

SELF-CHECK NO. 1.4

_____ 1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) inspection checklists are

ANSWER KEY NO. 1.4

Learning Outcome #2 Perform basic preventive maintenance

 Read Information Sheet 2.2 o Information sheet 2.2

 Read Information Sheet 2.3 o Information sheet 2.3

 Read Information Sheet 2.4 o Information sheet 2.4

 Read Information Sheet 2.6 o Information sheet 2.6

CBLM - Maintain Tools & Equipment - JAR - v1.4

CBLM - Maintain Tools & Equipment - JAR - v1.4