Chapter 5

Failures Resulting
from Static
Loading
 2 September 26, 2015

Dr. Mohammad Suliman Abuhaiba, PE

Selection of
Failure Criteria
 3 September 26, 2015

Max Shear Stress Theory (MSS)

1. sA ≥ sB ≥ 0, sA ≥ Sy
2. sA ≥ 0 ≥ sB, sA − sB ≥ Sy
3. 0 ≥ sA ≥ sB, sB ≤ −Sy

Fig. 5–7
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 4 September 26, 2015

Max Shear Stress Theory (MSS)

 Conservative in
all quadrants
 Used for design
situations

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 5 September 26, 2015

Von Mises Stress (VMS)

 Von Mises stress

 For plane stress, simplifies to

 In terms of xyz components, in 3D

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 6 September 26, 2015

Distortion Energy Theory With VMS

 Von Mises Stress = a single, effective stress
for the entire general state of stress in a
stress element
 Distortion Energy failure theory simply
compares von Mises stress to yield strength.

 Introducing a design factor,

Sy
n
s Dr. Mohammad Suliman Abuhaiba, PE
 7 September 26, 2015

DE Theory Compared to
Experimental Data
 Plot VMS on
principal stress
axes to
compare to
experimental
data

 DE curve is
typical of data Fig. 5–15
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 8 September 26, 2015

Shear Strength Predictions

For MSS theory, intersecting pure shear load
line with failure line [Eq. (5–5)] results in

Fig. 5–9

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 9 September 26, 2015

Shear Strength Predictions

For DE theory, intersection pure shear load line with
failure curve [Eq. (5–11)] gives

Fig. 5–9

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 10 September 26, 2015

Coulomb-Mohr Theory
Coulomb-Mohr theory
simplifies to linear failure
envelope using only
tension and
compression tests

Fig. 5−13
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 11 September 26, 2015

Coulomb-Mohr Theory
 Incorporating factor of safety

 For ductile material, use tensile and

compressive yield strengths
 For brittle material, use tensile and
compressive ultimate strengths

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 12 September 26, 2015

Coulomb-Mohr Theory

Consider three cases

Case 1: sA ≥ sB ≥ 0 , s1 = sA and s3 = 0
Eq. (5−22) reduces to
Case 2: sA ≥ 0 ≥ sB , s1 = sA and s3 = sB

Eq. (5-22) reduces to

Case 3: 0 ≥ sA ≥ sB , s1 = 0 and s3 = sB
Eq. (5−22) reduces to

Dr. Mohammad Suliman Abuhaiba, PE

 13 September 26, 2015

Coulomb-Mohr Theory

Fig. 5−14

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 14 September 26, 2015

Coulomb-Mohr Theory
 Intersect pure shear load line with the
failure line to determine the shear
strength

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 15 September 26, 2015

Brittle Coulomb-Mohr
Failure equations dependent on quadrant

Quadrant condition Failure criteria Equation No.

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 16 September 26, 2015

Brittle Coulomb-Mohr
Failure equations dependent on quadrant

Fig. 5−14

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 17 September 26, 2015

Brittle Failure Experimental Data

 Coulomb-Mohr is
conservative in
4th quadrant
 Modified Mohr
criteria adjusts to
better fit the
data in the 4th
quadrant
Fig. 5−19
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 18 September 26, 2015

Modified-Mohr
Quadrant condition Failure criteria Equation No.

Dr. Mohammad Suliman Abuhaiba, PE