Intellectual

Revolutions
 A radical shift in what is known,
accepted and adopted by society.

Revolution In the fields of science and

technology, individuals who
expressed their innovative ideas
were also considered heretics or
outcasts of society.
Copernian
Darwinian Revolution
Freudian
 Nicolaus Copernicus
Heliocentric model
written the book De Revolutionibus
Orbium Coelestium (On the

Copernican Revolutions of the Heavenly

Spheres)

Revolution
 It took almost hundred years before
Copernicus theory formally gained
respect and recognition through further
explorations by

Tycho Brahe - geoheliocentrism

Copernican Johannes Kepler - laws of planetary
motion

Revolution Galileo Galilei - published a book that

further strengthened the argument
that the Earth was orbiting the sun
Isaac Newton - laws of motion and
Kepler’s universal gravitation
 Charles Darwin - "Father of
Evolution"
published a book entitled “On the
Origin of Species”
Natural selection

Darwinian Darwin’s theory of biological

evolution paved for the

Revolution developments in
- Evolutionary biology
- Philosophy of biology
 Sigmund Freud - "Father of
Psychoanalysis"
Psychoanalysis - human action is
influenced by irrational motivations
and biological and indistinct drives
- Eros

Freudian - Thanatos

Revolution
 Theory of personality

- Id pleasure principle
- Ego reality principle
- Superego moral principle

Freudian
Revolution
 Despite critics of Freudian psychology,
psychoanalysis has played an important
part in treating mental health problems. It
also underwent transition as a result of
modification by a number of 20th century
psychologists

Freudian Carl Jung - development of analytical

Revolution
psychology ; coined the terms “introvert”
and “extrovert”.
Alfred Adler - Individual Psychology
Erik Erikson - Psychosocial Theory
 Psychosocial Theory

Freudian
Revolution