INTELLECTUAL

REVOLUTION
VANESSA P. LIGUTOM
CESAR LANGGAM
KRISHA ELUMBARING
 Learning Outcomes

1. Discuss the paradigm shifts through history

2. Explain how the Intellectual Revolution changed the

way how humans see the world; and

3. Describe the technological advancements that

happened in the information age.
WHAT IS INTELLECTUAL
REVOLUTION?
Greek speculation about “nature” known as
“Pre-Socratic” or “non-theological” or
“first philosophy”

Three characteristics of this philosophy;

 The world is a natural whole
 There is natural ‘order’
 Humans can ‘discover’ those laws
 INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION

Fre FREUDIAN REVOLUTION SIGMUND FREUD

COPERNICAN NICOLAUS
Co
REVOLUTION COPERNICUS

D DARWIN REVOLUTION CHARLES DARWIN

• Psychoanalysis is the study that explains
human behavior. In his theory, SIGMUND
FREUD explained that there are many
conscious and unconscious factors that can
influence behavior and emotions.

• He also argued that personality is a product of

three conflicting elements: id, ego, and
supergo.
 The Psyche
The ID
The SUPEREGO
• Pleasure Principle
• Libido- sexual
• Moral Principle
energy
• Fights with the ID
• Fights with the
superego
Ego

• Reality Principle
• Develops in Childhood
• Balances the demands of
the ID and the moral
rules of SUPEREGO
 The ID The Super-ego

“I want chocolate.” “You’re on a diet.

The
EGO

Eat a small bar of

chocolate.
 COPERNICAN
REVOLUTION

A famous philosopher and astronomer, CLADIUS

PTOLEMY, stated that the planets, as well as the
sun and the moon, moved in a circular motion
around the Earth.

He believed that the Earth was at the center-a concept

know as GEOCENTRISM. Ptolemy’s geocentric model
was widely accepted by the people and was one of the
greatest discoveries of that time.

CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY
 COPERNICAN
REVOLUTION
In the 16th century, NICOLAUS COPERNICUS, a
polish mathematician and astronomer, challenge the
Ptolemaic model. He introduced a new concept
known as HELIOCENTRISM, which suggested that
the center of the Solar System was not the Earth, but
actually the sun.

The idea was rejected at first by the public. It was

eventually accepted by the people in a period which
was called the BIRTH OF MODERN ASTRONOMY.
NICOLAUS
COPERNICUS
• The Darwinian Revolution was considered to
be one of the most controversial intellectual
revolutions of its time.
• On the origin of the species, Darwin introduce
the theory of evolution, which postulated that
populations pass through a process of natural
selection in which only the fittest would survive.
• He stated that organisms have the ability to
adapt to their environment and would
gradually change into something that would
be more competitive to survive, a process
known as evolution.
FACTORS OF NATURAL
SELECTION
V VARIATION

OVERPRODUCTIO
O
N

SURVIVAL OF THE
S FITTEST

H HERITABILITY
VARIATION: THOSE ORGANISMS WITH HERITABLE TRAITS
BETTER SUITED TO THE ENVIRONMENT WILL REACH
MATURITY AND SURVIVE.
OVERPRODUCTION: More organisms are produced that can
actually survive.
SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST: According to Charles Darwin,
“It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the
most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change.”
HERITABILITY: Changes in the organisms brought by the
environment will be inherited by their offspring.