Module 1 CS 111

Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University

Tagbina Campus
Tagbina, Surigao del Sur 8308
Email address: sdssutc2010@yahoo.com
Website: www.sdssu.edu.ph
MODULE 1
IN
INTRO TO COMPUTING
(CS 111)
NAME: _____________________________________________
PROGRAM / YEAR LEVEL: ____________________________
INSTRUCTOR: ______________________________________
SEMESTER: __________________
ACADEMIC YEAR: _______________
Compiled by:
ETHEL G. DECLARO, MIS
Instructor 1
Tagbina Campus
PHILOSOPHY
SDSSU believes that higher education is an instrument for the improvement

of life through democratized access to quality education in the development of a
well-rounded person.
VISION
A transformative leading University in Asia and the Pacific.
MISSION
SDSSU shall provide competency-based higher education through

transformative instruction, relevant research, sustainable extension and production
responsive to local, regional and global trends.
Particularly, SDSSU is committed to:
1. Produce competent and skilled graduates prepared for gainful

employment;
2. Develop graduates who shall not only foster economic progress but
also care for the environment, adhere to positive value system, and
preserve cultural heritage;
3. Engage in high-impact research for instruction and develop technology
for food security and renewable energy;
4. Collaborate with government and non-government agencies to help
improve the lives of the marginalized groups; and
5. Promote cooperation/partnership among regional, national, and ASEAN
institutions in Higher Education.
Tagbina Campus
CHAPTER 1
FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 Able to introduce the computer
 Identify the different functionalities of a computer
 Identify the components of a computer
 Distinguish the characteristics of computer
 Define the data, information and knowledge
 Identify computer viruses
THE PARTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM
Computer – is an electronic device, operating under the control og instructions stored in

its own memory that can accept data (input), process the data according to specified
rules, produce information (output), and store the information for future use.
Functionalities of a Computer
 Takes data as input

 Stores the data/instructions in its memory and use them when required
 Processes the data and converts it into useful information
 Generates the output.
The Parts of a Computer System

 Hardware
 Software
 Users
 Data
Hardware- is the physical devices that make up the computer. A computer’s

hardware consists of interconnected electronic devices that can use to control the
computer’s operations, input, and output.
Software- is a set of instructions that makes a computer perform tasks. Some

program exists primarily for the computer’s use, helping it perform tasks and
manage its own resources.
Users – people are the computer operators. Although some computer systems are
complete without a person involvement; however, no computer is totally
autonomous. People still design, build, program and repair computer systems.
Tagbina Campus
Data- consist of individual facts or bits of information. The computer reads and
stores data of all kinds- whether words, numbers, images, or sounds in the form of
numbers.
Looking inside the machine
The computer itself the hardware has many parts, but the critical components fall
into one of four categories.
1. Processor
2. Memory
3. Input and output devices
4. Storage
1. Processor- A processor (CPU) is the logic circuitry that responds to and

processes the basic instructions that drive a computer. The CPU is seen as the
main and most crucial integrated circuitry (IC) chip in a computer, as it is
responsible for interpreting most of computers commands.
2. Memory - is the electronic holding place for the instructions and data a computer
needs to reach quickly. It's where information is stored for immediate use.
Memory is one of the basic functions of a computer, because without it, a
computer would not be able to function properly.
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3. Input and output devices
Input device is a piece of equipment used to provide data and control signals to
an information processing system, such as a computer or information appliance.
Examples of input devices include keyboards, mouse, scanners, cameras,
joysticks, and microphones
Output devices is any piece of computer hardware equipment which converts

information into a human-perceptible form or, historically, into a physical
machine-readable form for use with other non-computerized equipment. It can be
text, graphics, tactile, audio, or video.
4. Storage is a mechanism that

enables a computer to retain
data, either temporarily or
permanently. Storage devices
such as flash drives and hard
disks are a fundamental
component of most digital
devices since they allow users to
preserve all kinds of information
such as videos, documents,
pictures and raw data.
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DATA , INFORMATION, AND KNOWLEDGE
Data : Facts and figures which relay something specific, but which are not
organized in any way and which provide no further information regarding patterns,
context, etc. Data means “unstructured facts and figure that have the least impact on
the typical manager.
Information : For data to become information, it must be contextualized,

categorized, calculated, and condensed. Information thus paints a bigger picture; it is
data with relevance and purpose. It may convey a trend in the environment, or perhaps
indicate a pattern of sales for a given period of time. Essentially information is found in “
in answers to questions that begin with such words as who, what, where, when, and
how many”.
Knowledge : Knowledge is closely linked to doing and implies know-how and

understanding. The knowledge possessed by each individual is a product of his
experience, and encompasses the norms by which he evaluates new inputs from his
surroundings.
CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER
 Speed
 Accuracy
 Diligence
 Storage Capability
 Versatility
COMPUTER VIRUSES
A virus is a small piece of software that piggybanks on real programs. For

example, a virus might attach itself to a program such as spreadsheet program runs, the
virus runs, too, and it has the chance to reproduce (by attaching to other programs) or
wreak havoc.
E-mail viruses; an email viruses travels as an attachment to e-mail messages,

and usually replicates itself by automatically mailing itself to dozens of people in the
victim’s email address book. Some e-mail viruses don’t even require a double-click-hey
launch when you view the infected message in the preview pane of your e-mail software
[source. Johnson]
Trojan horses: A Trojan horse is simply a computer program. The program

claims to do one thing but instead does damage when you run it. Trojan horses have no
way to replicate automatically.
Worms: A worm is a small piece of software that uses computer networks and
security holes to replicate itself. A copy of the worm scans the network for another
machine that has a specific hole.
Tagbina Campus
CHAPTER 2
FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 Introduction to ICT Profession
 Career Opportunities in ICT
 ICT Application in Society
 Code of Ethics for ICT Professionals
INTRODUCTION TO PROFESSION
Role of IT Professionals
 It empowers business
 It enables organization to make a dramatic leaps in productivity and government
to deliver greatly enhanced service levels that their citizens now expect
 Without a smooth flow of information through a company’s IT systems,
operations would not be efficient or even possible in some cases.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) JOBS
1. SOFTWARE DEVELOPER- are responsible for designing computer and mobile

applications. This involves understanding user needs, developing software
solutions, monitoring performance and modifying programs as needed.
2. NETWORK ENGINEER – also called network architect, they are the one who
plan, construct and manage networks to ensure they’re optimized and functioning
as intended. They are also responsible for the foundation of an organization IT
systems.
3. SYSTEMS ENGINEER – are the one who manages, monitor, test and maintain
all installed operating system, applications software, system management tools
and other infrastructure. Ensuring the highest levels of systems and infrastructure
availability.
4. SENIOR SOFTWARE DEVELOPER- will develop information systems by

studying operations; designing, developing and installing software solutions;
support and develop software team.
5. JAVA DEVELOPER – is responsible for the design, development, and

management of Java-based applications
- Is a specialized type of programmer who will collaborate with the web
developer, software engineer to integrate Java into business application ,
software , and website.
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6. SOFTWARE QA ENGINEER- is someone who monitors every phase of the

software development process so as to ensure design quality, making sure that
the software adheres to the standards set by the development company.
7. IT PROJECT MANAGER- are responsible for planning, organizing, allocating

resources for budgeting and successfully executing organizations’ specific IT
goals.
8. APPLICATION DEVELOPER- is responsible for developing and modifying

source code for software applications.Processes the easier needs to customize
software for computer programs, design prototype applications, implement and
test source code.
9. COMPUTER SUPPORT SPECIALIST- is a analyzes an organization or business

domain and documents its business processes, or systems, assessing the
business model or its integration with technology.
APPLICATION OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN

THE SOCIETY
ICT also includes the various services and applications associated with them, such
as videoconferencing and distance learning, that plays a vital role in the creation of new
media modes of interaction between people.
EDUCATION
ICTs are playing the remarkable role in the education sector. Teachers use ICTs
to research for teaching materials, participate in the online conference as to aid their
teaching. Students use ICTs as reference tool. They use internet to search for their
study materials. In an online system of study, students can access class notes, submit
assignments and also join a discussion group with the help of ICTs.
BANKING
ICTs control the entire banking system that also includes “Electronic Banking
Services”. It is also known as the nerve center of the banking system around the world.
Customers use ICTs to make transactions at 24 hours service centers. Business person
use ICTs to save their time by using online services.
E-COMMERCE
Buying and selling goods by the use of an internet are known as e-commerce. E-
commerce helps it boosting the economy. It makes buying and selling activities easier
and faster. In an e-commerce sector, customers, suppliers and employees get benefit
from the usage of ICT. Customer use ICT to connected online with suppliers to
purchase products. Suppliers use ICTs to keep track of their transactions.
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HEALTH
ICT applications have been valuable resources in the medical field. They support
the efficient exchange of information between health professionals, they enable transfer
of patient records and can improve the quality of care provided by health professionals.
CT Scan, Ultra Sound, ECG are done by the help of ICTs to diagnosis different
diseases.
COMMUNICATION
ICT is used for communication. Nowadays people are in touch with the help of
ICT. Through chatting, E-mail, voice mail, and social networking people communicate
with each other. It is the cheapest mean of communication.
CODE OF ETHICS FOR ICT PROFESSIONALS
The aim of this code is to encourage ethical ways behavior and help IT
professionals handle moral problems arising from their work. The purpose of this code
is to reinforce ethical aspects of information technology professionalism and promote it
by raising discussion amongst IT professionals.
AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY
IT professionals must not misuse their power. They must face up their
responsibility which can be measured as actions and deeds. Knowledge is power, and
using knowledge requires wisdom, as does all use of power.
KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE
Professional must understand their limits; they should know the strengths and
weaknesses of their skills. In a rapidly developing field, professionals must develop their
skills. Professionals do not hide their knowledge, but instead pursue to enhance their
own and others’ skills and share their knowledge with the professional community.
ATTITUDE
Professionals do not work from themselves, but also for the others. They will take
into consideration the opinion of the subjects of their actions. They should not let greed
or lack of consideration affect their decisions. They understand that their work has
meaning only through others.
COMMUNICATIONS
Professionals understand the importance of communication. They communicate

with their clients, documents what they do and inform all relevant parties of their actions.
Professionals must aim to communicate as clearly as possible and when
necessary explain the terms they use. The aim of communications is to create common
understanding with other parties to achieve cooperation.
Tagbina Campus
CONSEQUENCES OF PROFESSIONALS’ WORK
The results of information technology work receive their meaning through

application. IT professional must understand the consequences of their work, as part oa
a long chain, at the end of which is the user. Professionals must take into regard the
needs and wants of the consumer, the client and their employer.
OTHER PEOPLE
IT professionals respect the work of other peoples rights to their creation into
account. The work of IT professionals’ affect- through various connecting groups –
society at large. Professionals must understand the consequences of their work and
must also take into consideration human rights, environmental questions, law and
copyrights when pursuing their work.
PROMOTION OF ETHICS
Professionals must promote ethically sustainable ways of acting within the field of
information technology. The act ethically is to make choices; each person can choose to
be or not to be ethical. To apply ethics is often not to choose between the “right” and the
wrong choice but rather to develop an ethical character by constantly having regard for
one’s environment and the people in it.
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Republic of the Philippines

North Eastern Mindanao State University

PROGRAM / YEAR LEVEL: ____________________________

ACADEMIC YEAR: _______________

SDSSU believes that higher education is an instrument for the improvement

SDSSU shall provide competency-based higher education through

Particularly, SDSSU is committed to:

1. Produce competent and skilled graduates prepared for gainful

THE PARTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM

Computer – is an electronic device, operating under the control og instructions stored in

 Takes data as input

The Parts of a Computer System

Hardware- is the physical devices that make up the computer. A computer’s

Software- is a set of instructions that makes a computer perform tasks. Some

Looking inside the machine

1. Processor- A processor (CPU) is the logic circuitry that responds to and

3. Input and output devices

Output devices is any piece of computer hardware equipment which converts

4. Storage is a mechanism that

DATA , INFORMATION, AND KNOWLEDGE

Information : For data to become information, it must be contextualized,

Knowledge : Knowledge is closely linked to doing and implies know-how and

A virus is a small piece of software that piggybanks on real programs. For

E-mail viruses; an email viruses travels as an attachment to e-mail messages,

Trojan horses: A Trojan horse is simply a computer program. The program

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) JOBS

1. SOFTWARE DEVELOPER- are responsible for designing computer and mobile

4. SENIOR SOFTWARE DEVELOPER- will develop information systems by

5. JAVA DEVELOPER – is responsible for the design, development, and

6. SOFTWARE QA ENGINEER- is someone who monitors every phase of the

7. IT PROJECT MANAGER- are responsible for planning, organizing, allocating

8. APPLICATION DEVELOPER- is responsible for developing and modifying

9. COMPUTER SUPPORT SPECIALIST- is a analyzes an organization or business

APPLICATION OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN

CODE OF ETHICS FOR ICT PROFESSIONALS

AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY

KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE

Professionals understand the importance of communication. They communicate

CONSEQUENCES OF PROFESSIONALS’ WORK

The results of information technology work receive their meaning through

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