ARTA111

Coverage: • cover those areas of artistic creativity -

1. Introduction to art embraces the visual arts, literature,
2. Nature and Arts music and dance
3. Creativity, Imagination and Expression • expresses aesthetic ideas by use of skill
4. Popular Art Expression & imagination
5. Functions of Art
6. Subject and Content Division of the Arts
7. Artist and Artisan
• Visual arts
INTRODUCTION TO ART • That are primarily seen, occupies
• Humanities space.
- Came from the Latin word humanus • Examples: paintings, sculptures and
meaning refined, cultured and human. architectures
- study of the different cultural aspect • Auditory arts
of man, his frailties in life and how it • heard, timed arts; exist in time
can be improved • Examples: music and poetry
- records man’s quest for answers to the • Combined/performing arts
fundamental questions he asks about • combines visual & auditory elements
himself and about life • Examples: drama & theatre, dancing,
• Humanities cinema & TV, opera
- are expressions of man’s feelings and
thoughts
- emphasizes dignity and worthiness of Purposes of the Arts
man and recognizes creative 1. Create beauty
expressions 2. Provide decoration
- aimed to shape students subjective 3. Reveal truth
energies (feelings, attitudes and 4. Immortalize
aspirations) 5. Express religious values
Importance of Humanities: 6. Record and commemorate experience
7. Create order and harmony
1. Man needs an image of himself
2. Understanding of his natures 1. Ancient World
3. Necessary for the development of a • It meant using the bare hands to
complete, social man produce something that will be useful
4. Provides man with a measure of his own to one's day-to-day life.
passion and desire • The Greeks had no word for 'fine art'.
5. Regulate man’s behavior The
Art • Greek techne and Latin ars referred to
• comes from the Aryan root word AR 'the human ability to make and
which means to put together perform' such as carpentry, poetry,
• Latin word ARS which means shoemaking, medicine, etc.
skills/ability

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• The ancient Greeks and Romans did 5. 18th century

not group painting, sculpture, • It has evolved to distinguish between
architecture, poetry and music into a the fine arts and the useful arts.
distinct category.
2. Medieval Latin
• It meant ''any special form of book- • Before the 18th century, 'artist' and
learning, such as grammar or logic, 'artisan' were interchangeable and
magic, or astrology' 'artist' could mean a shoemaker,
• No distinction between fine arts and chemist etc.
crafts. • There were only artisan/artists who
• There was neither fine art nor craft in made objects in accordance with their
the modern sense but only arts. skill or craft.
• People responded to function, content • Now the two were separated and
and form together rather than holding opposed.
one or the other in suspension. • Similarly, there was a separation of
• Aquinas wrote, “If we made a saw refined contemplative pleasure (the
out of glass, it would be useless as a 'aesthetic') from ordinary pleasure in
saw and thus a failed instance of art, the useful or entertaining (TASTE).
and so couldn't be beautiful. Today, it • Art was about refined, spiritual
would be a work of art.” pleasure, not instruction
3. Early Renaissance
There is now a...
• It was merely as craftsmanship.
• No concept of the 'aesthetic' • A term to identify them: the eventual
contemplation of self-contained winner was the French beaux-arts
works. {beautiful arts), translated in English
• Art was not contemplated for its own as 'polite arts' or 'fine arts'.
sake; it was produced by workshops • Its meaning was fixed in the 1740s
for particular purposes as part of and 1750s.
social, religious and political life. • A principle for distinguishing this set
4. 17 century
th
of diverse practices from sciences,
• Focuses on the idea of aesthetics, the crafts, etc:
study of beauty. • the fine arts are for a special kind of
• The category of 'fine art' was not yet refined pleasure (as opposed to
established. utility), which transformed over the
• The concept of 'taste' (social and 18th century into the 'AESTHETIC'
artistic discrimination} begins to
A new, prestigious category of 'fine arts'
spread; but only a .tiny elite began to
(poetry, painting, sculpture, architecture,
appreciate art 'for its own sake'.
music) was newly opposed to crafts/popular
arts (e.g. shoemaking, embroiderv,
storytelling, popular songs)

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Fine arts - were about inspiration and genius,
and enjoyed as refined pleasure.
Crafts - were about skills and rules, and
made for usefulness/ entertainment.
In summary
Art and craft are eternally separate and it just
took us time to realize it; in the wake of
modernism, art has gradually revealed its
essence and its historical phase therefore is
now over.
Critics Demand Tracey Emin's Bed Goes
to Museum
• Emin made the piece after a breakup,
it shows the artist's unmade bed with
stained sheets, cigarette butts and
condoms scattered around it.
Assumptions of Art
• Art is Universal
• Art is timeless
• Art is ageless
NATURE AND ARTS
• Art is not nature
- Art is made by human beings. Artists
frequently find their inspiration and
subject in matter in nature, and artist
do use nature as a medium, but art
itself not nature.
• Nature is not art
- Nature is God made.
• Art and Nature
- Has beauty/aesthetics.
Art involves experience
- There can never be appreciation of art
without experience
- Art, then, is not only what rests in the
frame, but is itself a frame for
experience.
- Art is a way of preserving experiences,
of which there are many transient and
beautiful examples, and that we need
help containing.
CREATIVITY, IMAGINATION AND
EXPRESSION
• Art appreciation as a way of life
- Each artwork beholds beauty in its
own kind, the kind that the artist sees
and wants the viewers to perceive.
- “The role of art as a creative work is
to depict the world in a completely
different light and perspective" -
Jean-Paul Sartre
• The role of creativity in art making
- Creativity requires thinking outside
the box.
- In art, creativity is what sets apart one
artwork from another.
• Art as a product of imagination,
imagination as a product of art
- "Imagination is more important than
knowledge. For knowledge is limited
to all we now know and understand,
while imagination embraces the entire
world, and all there ever W4II be to
know and understand." - Albert
Einstein
• Art as expression
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POPULAR ART EXPRESSION - Dance (French dancier,) generally refers

to human movement either used as a
• Visual Arts
form of expression or presented in a
- Is the kind of art form that the
social, spiritual or performance setting.
population is most likely more
- Choreography is the art of making
exposed to, but its variations are so
dances, and the person who does this is
diverse they range from sculptures
called a choreographer.
that you see in art galleries to the last
• Literary Art
movie you saw.
- goes beyond the usual professional,
- Paintings, drawings, lettering,
academic, journalistic, and other
printing, sculptures, digital imaging,
technical form of writing.
and more.
- It focuses on writing using a unique
• Film
style, not following a specific form or
- Refers to the art of putting together
norm.
successions of still images in order to
- It may include both fiction and non-
create an illusion of movement.
fiction such as novels, biographies
- Filmmaking focuses on its aesthetic,
and poems.
cultural, and social value and is
• Theater
considered as both an art and an
- Uses live performers to present
industry.
accounts or imaginary events before a
• Performance art
live audience.
- a live art and the artist’s medium is
- Theater art performance usually
mainly the human body which he or she
follows a script, though they should
uses to perform, but also employs other
not be confused with literary arts.
kind of art such as visual art, props, or
sound. • Applied Arts
- Incorporate elements of style and
• Poetry Performance
design to everyday items with the aim
- Is an art form where the artist
of increasing their aesthetical value.
expresses his emotions not by using
- Artists in this field bring beauty, charm,
paint, charcoal, or camera, but
and comfort into many things that are
expresses them through words.
useful in everyday life.
• Architecture
- Is the art of designing and constructing
buildings and other types of structures.
- It is often referred to as the “mother of the
arts” because it houses, serves as
background for, or occurs in relation to
other fields of art.
- Materials used include stone, concrete,
brick, wood, steel, glass, and plaster.
• Dance
- Is series of movements that follows the
rhythm of the music accompaniment.

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FUNCTION OF ART Philosophical Function of Art

1. Arts as a Therapy 1. Art as a Disinterested Judgement
- Used as 2. Art as a Representation
therapy for - Represent life, reality
individuals 3. Art as a Communication of Emotion
with a - Communicating feelings
variety of - Infects others with what he/she feels.
illnesses,
both physical and mental.
SUBJECT AND CONTENT
2. Art as Artifact • Subject
- A product of - Refers to the visual focus or the image
a particular that may be extracted from examining
time and the artwork.
place, an • Content
artwork - is the meaning that is communicated by
represents the the artist or the artwork.
ideas and technology of that specific
time and place.
Types of Subject:
3. Personal Function of Art 1. Representational Art
- Means that its - Refers to object or events occurring in
function depend on the real world.
the person- the artist - Identifiable and recognizable
who created the art. 2. Non-representational art
- This art does not make a reference to
4. Social Function of Art the real world, whether it is a person,
- It addresses a particular collective place, thing, or even a particular event.
interest as opposed to a personal - It is stripped down to visual elements
interest. such as shapes, lines, emotion, and
- Art may convey message of protest, even concept.
contestation, or whatever message the - Abstract art
artist intends his work to carry.
5. Physical Function of Art Sources of Subject:
- found in artworks that are crafted in 1.Nature
order to serve some physical purpose. 2.History
3.Greek and roman mythology
4.Sacred oriental texts
5.Judeo- Christian Tradition
Kinds of Subject:
1. History
2. Landscape, Seascape and Cityscape

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3. Animals ARTIST AND ARTISANS

4. Mythology
The Artisans and the Guilds
5. Nature
- Artisans who made the same products
6. Dreams
formed guilds that were made up of
7. Fantasies
apprentices, artisans and masters.
8. Figures
- The guilds ensured that all the artisans
respected the same rules concerning:
Content in Art: • Working hours
• Tools
1. Factual
- Pertains to the most rudimentary level of • Quality of the products
meaning for it may be extracted from the • Price of the products
identifiable or recognizable forms in the The Artist and her Studio
artwork and understanding how these - Production Process
elements relate to one another. - Medium and Technique
2. Conventional
- Pertains to the acknowledged Some of the Greatest Artistin the World:
interpretation of the artwork using “MONALIZA”
motifs, signs, symbols and other - by Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519)
cyphers as bases of its meaning. - Known for Painting, drawing, sculpting,
- These conventions are established science, engineering, architecture,
through time, strengthened by recurrent anatomy
use and wide acceptance by its viewers
or audience and scholars who study “THE STARRY NIGHT”
then. - Vincent Van Gogh
- Dutch post-impressionist 1853-1890
3. Subjective “THE CREATION OF ADAM”
- When subjectivities are consulted, a - Michelangelo, in full Michelangelo di
variety of meaning may arise when a Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni, (1475-
particular work of art is read. 1564)
- These meanings stem from the viewer’s - Italian Renaissance sculptor, painter,
or audience’s circumstances that come architect, and poet who exerted an
into play when engaging with art. unparalleled influence on the
development of Western art.
DALAGANG BUKID
- Fernando Amorsolo, who was touted as
the “Grand Old Man of Philippine
Art.”

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ARTIST • Artisan: The object though utilitarian

has certain aesthetic attributes to it.
- An artist is a person who performs any
of the creative arts.
- This captures all forms of art.
Role of an Art Curator
is an art practitioner such as painter,
sculptor, choreographer, dancer, - is more of the interpretation and
musician, etc. who produces or development of the artwork(s) or the
creates indirectly functional arts with collection(s) through establishing the
aesthetic value using imagination. significance, relationship, and
relevance of these materials----in
ARTISANS
isolation and/or as part of a wider
- An artisan is a skilled worker who narrative.
makes things by hand. This includes - Some of the roles expected of curators
various objects ranging from jewelry are the ability to research and write, as
to furniture. an arbiter of design and layout , and
deciding for the display and hanging of
Definitions of Artist and Artisan:
materials foe exhibition.
• Artist: An artist is a person who
performs any of the creative arts.
Film Making
• Artisan: An artisan is a skilled worker Production Process:
who makes things by hand. 1. Preproduction
2.Production
Characteristics of Artist and Artisan: 3.Postproduction
Artistic Value:
• Artist: The object has a clear artistic
value.
• Artisan: The object has an artistic value.
Functional Value:
• Artist: The object has no functional
value.
• Artisan: The object has a functional
value.
Object:
• Artist: The object has a lot of aesthetic
value and is appreciated for this
quality as it pleases the individual.

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Awards and Citations:

1. Order ng Pambansang Alagad ng Sining
(Order of national Artist)
- The “highest national recognition given
to Filipino individuals who have made
significant contributions to the
development of Philippine Arts;
namely, music, dance, theater, visual
arts, literature, film, broadcast art, and
architecture and allied arts.
- The order is jointly administered by the
Philippines (CCP) and conferred by the
President of the Philippines upon
recommendation by both institutions”
(NCCA, 2015)
2. Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan
(National Living Treasures Award)
- a “Manlilikha ng Bayan” who is a
“citizen engaged in any traditional art
uniquely Filipino whose distinctive
skills have reached such a high level of
technical and artistic excellence and
have been passed on to and widely
practiced by the present generation in
his/ her community with the same
degree of technical and artistic
competence” (NCCA,2015).
- This artists’ practice may fall under the
following categories: folk, architecture,
maritime transport, weaving, carving,
performing arts, literature, graphic and
plastic art, ornament, textile or fiber art,
pottery and other artistic expressions of
traditional culture.

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