- this is all about the built on a
swamp andringed with streams and
Excerpt from Apolinario Mabini's
The Philippine Revolution: Chapters
9 and 10 (Memoirs)
Apolinario Mabini
-Filipino revolutionary leader,
educator, lawyer and statesman who
served first as a legal and
constitutional adviser to the
Revolutionary Government, and then
as the first Prime Minister of the
Philippines upon the establishment
of the First Philippine Republic.
- He is regarded as the "Utak ng
Himagsikan" or "Brain of the
Revolution".
- Mabini performed all his
revolutionary and governmental
activities despite having lost the
use of both his legs to polio
shortly before the Philippine
Revolution of 1896.
Readings of Excerpt is in Week 5.
This primary source excerpt refers
to the events that took place from
the beginning and up to the end of
the Philippine Revolution of
1896accordingto Apolinario Mabini
who is referred to as the “Brains
of the Philippine Revolution”..
Political Caricatures of the
American Era(Editorial cartoons)
-Dr. Alfred W. Mccoy (professor)
ponds Manila is natural breeding
ground for malarial mosquitos
Is the Police Force Bribed? (The
Independent, June 09, 1917)
-depicts the first Manila's
periodic police scandals.
New Bird of Prey (The Independent,
17 january 1920)
-an allusion to the most famous
libel case in the history of
Philippine journalism.
While the Priest Lives Alone in a
Big Building (The Independent 1 May
1920)
-this cartoon urged the government
to confiscate the large priests’
residence attached to Santa Cruz
parish church
Where The Mosquito Is King, Donde
El Mosquito Es Rey (Free Press, 16
April 1921)
“Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”
“Libertad, Igualdad, Fraternidad”
((Philippines Free Press, Feb.
12, 1921)
-The Philippine Assembly passed a
law authorizing all legislators,
active or retired, to bear
firearms. The Manila press was
outraged, but the legislators
ignored the opposition and
promulgated the law over the screams
of protest.
The Returning Student –El Raiders of the Sulu Sea
Estudiante Vuelve (Philippine Free
Press, April 6, 1929) - - A Historiography documentary
film focusing on Zamboanga City
-These are the days of the depicting how the Spaniards
returning student,the days when he defended the city with the Fort
comes into his own. Pilar as Spain’s last stronghold
and bastion of defense and economic
Brothers Under The Skin –Hermanos
expansion in the South of the
En El Fondo (Philippines Free
Philippines.
Press, June 18, 1938)
- It depicts the Southeast Asian
-to end social conflict and
flourishing free trading in the
deal with each other fairly area and the adverse effects and
repercussions when Europeans such
The Loyalty of the Filipinos as the English, Dutch and Spanish
(The Independent, 14 April who wanted to control the economy
as well to colonize and
1917) -this shows the worthy of Christianize.
Filipino to love and respect. - The documentary centers on the
The Latest—Lo Ultimo(Philippines activities of the slave raiders as
Free Press, October 14, 1933) a way of retaliation to the
colonizers and a way to defend
-battle over acceptance or their way of life against
rejection of the HareHawes- oppression.
Cutting independence bill
continued to divide Philippine - The Sulu and Maguindanao
politics. sultanates were then the two main
kingdoms controlling the Muslim
colonies of the southern
Philippines. With the king of
Excerpt from Filipino Grievances
Maguindanao, Rajah Dalasi, at the
Against Governor Wood by the
Commission on Independence helm, they launched a bloody attack
on Fort Pilar.
Leonard Wood

- a United States Army major

general, physician, and public
official. He served as the Chief of
Staff of the United States Army,
Military Governor of Cuba and
Governor General of the
Philippines.
3 Different groups of Muslims
identified in the colonial sources
1. Tausug
- A tribe without maritime
experience, but known for its
fierce warriors and widespread
political power
2. Illanun
- The one which was very important
in piracy history
- Long-standing seafaring community
3. Balangingi Tribe or Samal
- Occupied the chain of islands
between Basilan and Sulu island
- Also a long-standing seafaring
community
Vessels and Weapons used by the
Moros
Garay
- Built from bamboo, wood, and the
nipa palm and could carry more
than 100 sailors.
- This single-sailed ship was 25
meters long and six meters across
and housed a powder magazine and
cannon at the bow.
- With 30 to 60 oars on each side,
the garay was faster than any
other seagoing vessel of its time
Salisipan
- Small boats designed for coastal
raids
Kalis
- Sword with a mystical side
Barong
- One the Tausug warriors use to cut
off an M-14, a carbine
- A single-edged leaf-shaped blade
made of thick tempered steel
- This approximately one-meter long
weapon was used in close hand-to-
hand battle to cut Spanish
firearms down to size.
Kampilan
- Heavy single-edged sword
adorned with hair to make it look
even more intimidating
- At the tip of the blade are
two horns projecting from the blunt
side which is used to pick up the
head of a decapitated body *WATCH
THE FILM FOR MORE INFORMATION*
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CEt
J1mZdX10
A Legacy of Heroes, Story of Bataan
and Corregidor
- It discusses World War 2 in
the Philippines and how thousands
of heroic young Filipinos braved
the odds and struggled to defend
and protect the freedom of their
people and motherland.
- The film centers on the
stories of valor and heroism by the
gallant Filipino veterans of World
War 2. Through the eyewitness
accounts of patriotic Filipino and
American men who fought, the
documentary returns to the events
of the war, beginning from the
attacks of the Japanese at Pearl
Harbor, Hawaii and then the
Philippines immediately after, to
the battles in Bataan and
Corregidor and the Death March
where courage and sacrifice rose to
its heights creating a saga in
Philippine history and a legacy of
heroes that will always be
remembered.
*WATCH THE FILM*
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=enn
b2ihsTR8 Works of Juan Luna and
Fernando Amorsolo (Paintings)
Juan Luna y Novicio (1857 – 1899)
- A great Filipino painter, and
occasionally a sculptor
- He was a prominent propagandist
who pushed for political reforms
along with Jose Rizal
- His victory taking the gold medal
in the 1884 Madrid
-
Exposition of Fine Arts for his
“Spoliarium”, along with the 2nd
prize silver of fellow Filipino
painter Felix Hidalgo, created a
celebration that would be a
highlight in the memoirs of
members of the Propaganda
Movement.
Some of his works are;
Spolarium(1884), Parisian
Life(1892) and Blood Compact (1886)
Blood Compact- ritual in the
Philippines intended to seal a
friendship or treaty, or to
validate an agreement. The
contracting parties would cut their
wrists and pour their blood into a
cup filled with liquid, such as
wine, and drink the mixture.
Fernando Amorsolo y Cueto (1892-
1972)
- First National Artist in
Painting (1972) of the Philippines,
and is also referred to as the
"Grand Old Man of Philippine Art"
- Amorsolo graduated from both
Liceo de Manila Art School in 1909
and the University of the
Philippines School of Fine Arts. He
also graduated from U.P. with
honors in 1914, and received a
study grant in Madrid, Spain
- While in New York, his art was
influenced with an encounter with
postwar impressionism and cubism,
creating a uniquely
Some of his works are; The Making
of Philippine Flag, Antipolo(1947),
Rice Planting (1922)
Issues, Controversies and
Conflicting Views
The Site of the First Mass in the
Philippines- The issue on this
event in history is the question
of, “Where did the first mass
really took place in the
Philippines, is it in the
traditional Limasawa, or is it in
the claimed Masao in Butuan’?
-This excerpt from the accounts of
Antonio Pigafetta, chronicler of
the Magellan expedition, refer to
events from the arrival of Magellan
and his men, including Pigafetta,
on the shores of Homonhon in Samar
(referred to in history as the
event of the discovery of the
Philippines) in March 16.1521, to
the day of the account of the
celebration of the mass on
March 31, and up to the day
before Magellan proceeded to
Cebu, April 6, 1521. These
records are significant in
dealing with the controversy on
where the First Mass in the
Philippines was held, whether was
it in Limasawa, or was itin Masao
in Butuan?
*Read your work about this issue or
Read the Chronicles of Antonio
Pigafetta*
The Cavite Mutiny and the Rebellion
Case Against GomBurZa
-The primary sources are records
that are concerned with the
controversy the surrounds the event
of the Cavite Mutiny of 1872 and
the alleged involvement of the
three martyred Filipino priests
Frs. Jose Burgos, Mariano Gomez and
Jacinto Zamora more well known as
Gomburza. The issue is to settle
whether or not the three priests
were guilty of the rebellion case
they were accused of which resulted
to their execution by “garrote” as
a penalty a month after the said
mutiny.