P/(Pa)

1 10 100 200 1k 2k 5k 10 k 20 k
reference
1 H hydrogen
use (T/K) 15
CRC.a (T/°C) -258.6
KAL (T/K) 10 (s) 11.4 (s) 12.2 (s) 13.4 (s) 14.5 16
2 He helium
use (T/K) 3
CRC.b (T/°C) -270.6
KAL (T/K) 1.3 1.66 1.85 2.17 2.48 2.87
3 Li lithium
use (T/K) 797 885 995 1144 1337
CRC.f,k (T/°C) 524.3 612.3 722.1 871.2 1064.3
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 10.673 - 8310 / (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 1000 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.061 - 8023 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
797.4 885.4 995.3
KAL (T/K) 1040 1145 1200 1275 1345 1415
liquid, 325..725 °C: log (P/Pa) = 9.625 - 7480 / (T/K)
SMI.a (T/K)
777 867 981
4 Be beryllium
use (T/K) 1462 1608 1791 2023 2327
CRC.b (T/°C) 1189 (s) 1335 1518 1750 2054
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.048 - 17020 / (T/K) - 0.4440 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1461.8
liquid, m.p. to 1800 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.792 - 15731 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1606.5 1789.2
solid, 942..1284 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.115 - 18220 / (T/K)
SMI.c,g (T/K)
1504
liquid, 1284..1582 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.075 - 16590 / (T/K)
SMI.c,g (T/K)
1647 1828
5 B boron
use (T/K) 2348 2562 2822 3141 3545
CRC.b (T/°C) 2075 2289 2549 2868 3272
solid, 1052..1648 °C: log (P/Pa) = 13.255 - 21370 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1612 1744 1899
6 C carbon (graphite)
use (T/K) 2839 3048 3289 3572
CRC.h (T/°C) 2566 (s) 2775 (s) 3016 (s) 3299 (s)
7 N nitrogen
use (T/K) 37 41 46 53 62
CRC.a,d (T/°C)
-236 (s) -232 (s) -226.8 (s) -220.2 (s) -211.1 (s)
KAL (T/K) 48.1 (s) 53.0 (s) 55.4 (s) 59.0 (s) 62.1 (s) 65.8
8 O oxygen
use (T/K) 61 73
CRC.a,i (T/°C) -211.9 -200.5
KAL (T/K) 55.4 61.3 64.3 68.8 72.7 77.1
9 F fluorine
use (T/K) 38 44 50 58 69
CRC.a,d (T/°C)
-235 (s) -229.5 (s) -222.9 (s) -214.8 -204.3
KAL (T/K) 53 58 61 65.3 68.9 73
10 Ne neon
use (T/K) 12 13 15 18 21
CRC.b (T/°C) -261 (s) -260 (s) -258 (s) -255 (s) -252 (s)
KAL (T/K) 16.3 (s) 18.1 (s) 19.0 (s) 20.4 (s) 21.6 (s) 22.9 (s)
11 Na sodium
use (T/K) 554 617 697 802 946
CRC.f,k (T/°C) 280.6 344.2 424.3 529 673
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 10.304 - 5603 / (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 700 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.710 - 5377 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
553.8 617.3 697.4
KAL (T/K) 729 807 846 904 954 1010
liquid, 158..437 °C: log (P/Pa) = 9.835 - 5480 / (T/K)
SMI.a (T/K)
557 620 699
12 Mg magnesium
use (T/K) 701 773 861 971 1132
CRC.b (T/°C) 428 (s) 500 (s) 588 (s) 698 859
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.495 - 7813 / (T/K) - 0.8253 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
700.9 772.7 861.2 892
KAL (T/K) 891 979 1025 1085 1140 1205
solid, 287..605 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.945 - 7741 / (T/K)
SMI.a (T/K)
707 778 865
13 Al aluminium
use (T/K) 1482 1632 1817 2054 2364
CRC.b (T/°C) 1209 1359 1544 1781 2091
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.465 - 17342 / (T/K) - 0.7927 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 1800 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.917 - 16211 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1484.9 1634.7 1818
KAL (T/K) 1885 2060 2140 2260 2360 2430
liquid, 843..1465 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.115 - 15630 / (T/K)
SMI.c,l (T/K)
1406 1545
14 Si silicon
use (T/K) 1908 2102 2339 2636 3021
CRC.b (T/°C) 1635 1829 2066 2363 2748
KAL (T/K) 2380 2590 2690 2840 2970 3100
solid, 1024..1410 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.325 - 19720 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1600
liquid, 1410..1670 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.675 - 18550 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1738 1917
15 P phosphorus (white)
use (T/K) 279 307 342 388 453
CRC.c,e (T/°C)
6 (s) 34 (s) 69 115 180
KAL (T/K) 365 398 414 439 460 484
15 P phosphorus (red)
use (T/K) 455 489 529 576 635
CRC.b,c (T/°C)
182 (s) 216 (s) 256 (s) 303 (s) 362 (s)
16 S sulfur
use (T/K) 375 408 449 508 591
CRC.c (T/°C) 102 (s) 135 176 235 318
KAL (T/K) 462 505.7 528 561.3 590.1 622.5
17 Cl chlorine
use (T/K) 128 139 153 170 197
CRC.a (T/°C) -145 (s) -133.7 (s) -120.2 (s) -103.6 (s) -76.1
KAL (T/K) 158 (s) 170 (s) 176.3 187.4 197 207.8
18 Ar argon
use (T/K) 47 53 61 71
CRC.a,d,l (T/°C) -226.4 (s) -220.3 (s) -212.4 (s) -201.7 (s)
KAL (T/K) 55.0 (s) 60.7 (s) 63.6 (s) 67.8 (s) 71.4 (s) 75.4 (s)
19 K potassium
use (T/K) 473 530 601 697 832
CRC.f,k (T/°C) 200.2 256.5 328 424 559
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 9.967 - 4646 / (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 600 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.408 - 4453 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
473.3 529.6 601.1
KAL (T/K) 633 704 740 794 841 894
liquid, 91..338 °C: log (P/Pa) = 9.485 - 4503 / (T/K)
SMI.a (T/K)
475 531 602
20 Ca calcium
use (T/K) 864 956 1071 1227 1443
CRC.b (T/°C) 591 (s) 683 (s) 798 (s) 954 1170
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 15.133 - 9517 / (T/K) - 1.4030 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
864.2 956.4 1071.5 1112
KAL (T/K) 1105 1220 1280 1365 1440 1525
408..817 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.425 - 9055 / (T/K)
SMI.a (T/K)
869 961 1075
21 Sc scandium
use (T/K) 1645 1804 -2006 -2266 -2613
CRC.c (T/°C) 1372 (s) 1531 (s) 1733 (i) 1993 (i) 2340 (i)
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 11.656 - 19721 / (T/K) + 0.2885 log (T/K) - 0.3663 (T/K) 10−3
CR2 liquid, m.p. to 2000 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.801 - 17681 / (T/K)
1058..1804 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.065 - 18570 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1678 1845 2049
22 Ti titanium
use (T/K) 1982 2171 -2403 2692 3064
CRC.b (T/°C) 1709 1898 2130 (e) 2419 2791
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 16.931 - 24991 / (T/K) - 1.3376 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2400 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.364 - 22747 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
2001.7 2194.8
solid, 1134..1727 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.375 - 18640 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1797 1988
liquid, 1727..1965 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.105 - 20110 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
2209
23 V vanadium
use (T/K) 2101 2289 2523 2814 3187
CRC.b (T/°C) 1828 (s) 2016 2250 2541 2914
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.750 - 27132 / (T/K) - 0.5501 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
2099.6
liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.935 - 25011 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
2287.2 2517.5
1465..2207 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.445 - 26620 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
2139 2326
24 Cr chromium
use (T/K) 1656 1807 1991 2223 2530
CRC.b (T/°C) 1383 (s) 1534 (s) 1718 (s) 1950 2257
CR2 solid, 298 K to 2000 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.806 - 20733 / (T/K) + 0.4391 log (T/K) - 0.4094 (T/K) 10 −3

KAL (T/K) 2020 2180 2260 2370 2470 2580

solid, 907..1504 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.005 - 17560 / (T/K)
SMI.c,l (T/K)
1463 1596 1755
25 Mn manganese
use (T/K) 1228 1347 1493 1691 1955
CRC.b (T/°C) 955 (s) 1074 (s) 1220 (s) 1418 1682
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 17.811 - 15097 / (T/K) - 1.7896 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1229.2 1346.6 1490
KAL (T/K) 1560 1710 1780 1890 1980 2080
717..1251 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.375 - 14100 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1240 1359 1504
26 Fe iron
use (T/K) 1728 1890 2091 2346 2679
CRC.b (T/°C) 1455 (s) 1617 1818 2073 2406
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 12.106 - 21723 / (T/K) + 0.4536 log (T/K) - 0.5846 (T/K) 10
−3

liquid, m.p. to 2100 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.353 - 19574 / (T/K)

CR2 (T/K)
1890.7 2092.8
KAL (T/K) 2110 2290 2380 2500 2610 2720
solid, 1094..1535 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.755 - 20000 / (T/K)
SMI.c,f (T/K)
1701
liquid, 1535..1783 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.535 - 21400 / (T/K)
SMI.c,f (T/K)
1855 2031
27 Co cobalt
use (T/K) 1790 1960 2165 2423 2755
CRC.b (T/°C) 1517 1687 1892 2150 2482
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 15.982 - 22576 / (T/K) - 1.0280 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2150 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.494 - 20578 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1790.3 1960.9 2167.5
1249..2056 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.555 - 21960 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1900 2081 2298
28 Ni nickel
use (T/K) 1783 1950 2154 2410 2741
CRC.b (T/°C) 1510 1677 1881 2137 2468
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 15.563 - 22606 / (T/K) - 0.8717 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2150 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.672 - 20765 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1779 1945.7 2146.9
KAL (T/K) 2230 2410 2500 2630 2740 2860
SMI.c,q solid, 1157..1455 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.405 - 21840 / (T/K)
liquid, 1455..1884 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.675 - 20600 / (T/K)
SMI.c,q (T/K)
1764 1930 2129
29 Cu copper
use (T/K) 1509 1661 1850 2089 2404
CRC.b (T/°C) 1236 1388 1577 1816 2131
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.129 - 17748 / (T/K) - 0.7317 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 1850 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.855 - 16415 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1512.2 1665.7 1853.8
KAL (T/K) 1940 2110 2200 2320 2420 2540
SMI.c,f solid, 946..1083 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.935 - 18060 / (T/K)
liquid, 1083..1628 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.845 - 16580 / (T/K)
SMI.c,f (T/K)
1529 1684 1875
30 Zn zinc
use (T/K) 610 670 750 852 990
CRC.b (T/°C) 337 (s) 397 (s) 477 579 717
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 11.108 - 6776 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
610 670.4
liquid, m.p. to 750 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.384 - 6286 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
749.8
KAL (T/K) 780 854 891 945 991 1040
solid, 211..405 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.065 - 6744 / (T/K)
SMI.a (T/K)
609 670
31 Ga gallium
use (T/K) 1310 1448 1620 1838 2125
CRC.b (T/°C) 1037 1175 1347 1565 1852
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 11.663 - 14208 / (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 1600 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.760 - 13984 / (T/K) - 0.3413 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1307.4 1444.4 1613.8
KAL (T/K) 1665 1820 1900 2000 2100 2200
liquid, 771..1443 °C: log (P/Pa) = 9.915 - 13360 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1347 1499 1688
32 Ge germanium
use (T/K) 1644 1814 2023 2287 2633
CRC.b (T/°C) 1371 1541 1750 2014 2360
897..1635 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.065 - 15150 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1505 1671 1878
33 As arsenic
use (T/K) 553 596 646 706 781
CRC.c (T/°C) 280 (s) 323 (s) 373 (s) 433 (s) 508 (s)
KAL (T/K) 656 (s) 701 (s) 723 (s) 754 (s) 780 (s) 808 (s)
34 Se selenium
use (T/K) 500 552 617 704 813
CRC.c (T/°C) 227 279 344 431 540
KAL (T/K) 636 695 724 767 803 844
35 Br bromine
use (T/K) 185 201 220 244 276
CRC.a (T/°C) -87.7 (s) -71.8 (s) -52.7 (s) -29.3 (s) 2.5
KAL (T/K) 227 (s) 244.1 (s) 252.1 (s) 263.6 (s) 275.7 290
36 Kr krypton
use (T/K) 59 65 74 84 99
CRC.d (T/°C) -214.0 (s) -208.0 (s) -199.4 (s) -188.9 (s) -174.6 (s)
KAL (T/K) 77 (s) 84.3 (s) 88.1 (s) 93.8 (s) 98.6 (s) 103.9 (s)
37 Rb rubidium
use (T/K) 434 486 552 641 769
CRC.f,k (T/°C) 160.4 212.5 278.9 368 496.1
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 9.863 - 4215 / (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 550 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.318 - 4040 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
433.6 485.7 552.1
KAL (T/K) 583 649 684 735 779 829
liquid, 59.4..283 °C: log (P/Pa) = 9.545 - 4132 / (T/K)
SMI.d (T/K)
433 484 548
38 Sr strontium
use (T/K) 796 882 990 1139 1345
CRC.b (T/°C) 523 (s) 609 (s) 717 (s) 866 1072
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.232 - 8572 / (T/K) - 1.1926 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
795.7 882 989.9 1028
KAL (T/K) 1040 (s) 1150 1205 1285 1355 1430
solid, 361..750 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.255 - 8324 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
812 899 1008
39 Y yttrium
use (T/K) 1883 2075 -2320 -2627 -3036
CRC.c (T/°C) 1610.1 1802.3 2047 (i) 2354 (i) 2763 (i)
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.741 - 22306 / (T/K) - 0.8705 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2300 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.801 - 20341 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1883.3 2075.4
1249..2056 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.555 - 21970 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1901 2081 2299
 40 Zr zirconium
use (T/K) 2639 2891 3197 3575 4053
CRC.b (T/°C) 2366 2618 2924 3302 3780
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 15.014 - 31512 / (T/K) - 0.7890 log (T/K)
CR2 liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.812 - 30295 / (T/K)
solid, 1527..2127 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.505 - 25870 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
2249
liquid, 2127..2459 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.165 - 27430 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
2457 2698
41 Nb niobium
use (T/K) 2942 3207 3524 3910 4393
CRC.b (T/°C) 2669 2934 3251 3637 4120
CR2 solid, 298 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 13.828 - 37818 / (T/K) - 0.2575 log (T/K)
SMI.n 2194..2539 °C: log (P/Pa) = 13.495 - 40400 / (T/K)
42 Mo molybdenum
use (T/K) 2742 2994 3312 3707 4212
CRC.b (T/°C) 2469 (s) 2721 3039 3434 3939
CR2 solid, 298 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 16.535 - 34626 / (T/K) - 1.1331 log (T/K)
KAL (T/K) 3420 3720 3860 4060 4220 4410
solid, 1923..2533 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.925 - 30310 / (T/K)
SMI.r (T/K)
2774
43 Tc technetium
use (T/K) -2727 -2998 -3324 -3726 -4234
CRC.b (T/°C) 2454 (e) 2725 (e) 3051 (e) 3453 (e) 3961 (e)
44 Ru ruthenium
use (T/K) 2588 2811 3087 3424 3845
CRC.b (T/°C) 2315 (s) 2538 2814 3151 3572
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.761 - 34154 / (T/K) - 0.4723 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
2597.6
1913..2946 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.625 - 33800 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
2677 2908 3181
45 Rh rhodium
use (T/K) 2288 2496 2749 3063 3405
CRC.b (T/°C) 2015 2223 2476 2790 3132
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 15.174 - 29010 / (T/K) - 0.7068 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.808 - 26792 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
2269 2478.9
1681..2607 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.675 - 30400 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
2398 2604 2848
46 Pd palladium
use (T/K) 1721 1897 2117 2395 2753
CRC.b (T/°C) 1448 (s) 1624 1844 2122 2480
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.508 - 19813 / (T/K) - 0.9258 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1721
liquid, m.p. to 2100 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.432 - 17899 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1897.7
1156..2000 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.585 - 19230 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1817 2006 2240
47 Ag silver
use (T/K) 1283 1413 1575 1782 2055
CRC.b (T/°C) 1010 1140 1302 1509 1782
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.133 - 14999 / (T/K) - 0.7845 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 1600 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.758 - 13827 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1285.3 1417 1578.8
KAL (T/K) 1640 1790 1865 1970 2060 2160
SMI.a solid, 767..961 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.405 - 14850 / (T/K)
liquid, 961..1353 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.785 - 14090 / (T/K)
SMI.a (T/K)
1306 1440 1604
48 Cd cadmium
use (T/K) 530 583 654 745 867
CRC.b (T/°C) 257 (s) 310 (s) 381 472 594
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 10.945 - 5799 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
529.8 583.1
liquid, m.p. to 650 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.248 - 5392 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
653.7
KAL (T/K) 683 748 781 829 870 915
solid, 148..321 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.905 - 5798 / (T/K)
SMI.a (T/K)
532 585
49 In indium
use (T/K) 1196 1325 1485 1690 1962
CRC.b (T/°C) 923 1052 1212 1417 1689
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 10.997 - 12548 / (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 1500 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.380 - 12276 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1182.7 1308.7 1464.9
liquid, 667..1260 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.055 - 12150 / (T/K)
SMI.c,m (T/K)
1208 1342 1508
50 Sn tin
use (T/K) 1497 1657 1855 2107 2438
CRC.b (T/°C) 1224 1384 1582 1834 2165
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 11.042 - 15710 / (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 1850 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.268 - 15332 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1493.2 1654.3 1854.4
KAL (T/K) 1930 2120 2210 2350 2470 2600
liquid, 823..1609 °C: log (P/Pa) = 9.095 - 13110 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1441 1620 1848
51 Sb antimony
use (T/K) 807 876 1011 1219 1491
CRC.b,c (T/°C)
534 (s) 603 (s) 738 946 1218
KAL (T/K) 1065 1220 1295 1405 1495 1595
466..904 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.545 - 9913 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
940 1039 1160
52 Te tellurium
use (T/K) -775 -888 1042
CRC.d (T/°C) 502 (e) 615 (e) 768.8
KAL (T/K) 806 888 929 990 1040 1100
53 I iodine (rhombic)
use (T/K) 260 282 309 342 381
CRC.a,b (T/°C)
-12.8 (s) 9.3 (s) 35.9 (s) 68.7 (s) 108 (s)
KAL (T/K) 318 (s) 341.8 (s) 353.1 (s) 369.3 (s) 382.7 (s) 400.8
54 Xe xenon
use (T/K) 83 92 103 117 137
CRC.d,m (T/°C)
-190 (s) -181 (s) -170 (s) -155.8 (s) -136.6 (s)
KAL (T/K) 107 (s) 117.3 (s) 122.5 (s) 130.1 (s) 136.6 (s) 143.8 (s)
55 Cs caesium
use (T/K) 418 469 534 623 750
CRC.f,k (T/°C) 144.5 195.6 260.9 350 477.1
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 9.717 - 3999 / (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 550 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.171 - 3830 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
417.6 468.7 534.1
KAL (T/K) 559 624 657 708 752 802
liquid, 45..277 °C: log (P/Pa) = 8.985 - 3774 / (T/K)
SMI.e (T/K)
420 473 540
56 Ba barium
use (T/K) 911 1038 1185 1388 1686
CRC.e (T/°C) 638 (s) 765 912 1115 1413
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 17.411 - 9690 / (T/K) - 2.2890 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
911
liquid, m.p. to 1200 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.013 - 8163 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1018.7 1164
KAL (T/K) 1165 1290 1360 1455 1540 1635
418..858 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.005 - 8908 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
890 989 1113
57 La lanthanum
use (T/K) -2005 -2208 -2458 -2772 -3178
CRC.c (T/°C) 1732 (i) 1935 (i) 2185 (i) 2499 (i) 2905 (i)
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 12.469 - 22551 / (T/K) - 0.3142 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2450 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.917 - 21855 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
2001.9 2203.8 2450.9
liquid, 1023..1754 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.005 - 18000 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1636 1799 1999
58 Ce cerium
use (T/K) 1992 2194 2442 2754 3159
CRC.g (T/°C) 1719 1921 2169 2481 2886
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 11.145 - 21752 / (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2450 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.617 - 21200 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1996.8 2204.4 2460.3
liquid, 1004..1599 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.865 - 20100 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
1562 1694 1850
59 Pr praseodymium
use (T/K) 1771 1973 -2227 -2571 -3054
CRC.c (T/°C) 1497.7 1699.4 1954 (i) 2298 (i) 2781 (i)
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.865 - 18720 / (T/K) - 0.9512 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2200 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.778 - 17315 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1770.8 1972.5
60 Nd neodymium
use (T/K) 1595 1774 1998 -2296 -2715
CRC.c (T/°C) 1322.3 1501.2 1725.3 2023 (i) 2442 (i)
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.002 - 17264 / (T/K) - 0.9519 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2000 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.918 - 15824 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1595.5 1774.4 1998.5
62 Sm samarium
use (T/K) 1001 1106 1240 -1421 -1675
CRC.c (T/°C) 728 (s) 833 (s) 967 (s) 1148 (i) 1402 (i)
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.994 - 11034 / (T/K) - 1.3287 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1002.5 1109.2 1242.2 1289
63 Eu europium
use (T/K) 863 957 1072 1234 1452
CRC.g (T/°C) 590 (s) 684 (s) 799 (s) 961 1179
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.246 - 9459 / (T/K) - 1.1661 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
874.6 968.8 1086.5
64 Gd gadolinium
use (T/K) -1836 -2028 -2267 -2573 -2976
CRC.c (T/°C) 1563 (i) 1755 (i) 1994 (i) 2300 (i) 2703 (i)
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.350 - 20861 / (T/K) - 0.5775 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2250 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.563 - 19389 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1835.6 2027.5 2264.3
65 Tb terbium
use (T/K) 1789 1979 -2201 -2505 -2913
CRC.c (T/°C) 1516.1 1706.1 1928 (i) 2232 (i) 2640 (i)
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.516 - 20457 / (T/K) - 0.9247 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2200 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.417 - 18639 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1789.3 1979.3 2214.4
66 Dy dysprosium
use (T/K) 1378 1523 -1704 -1954 -2304
CRC.c (T/°C) 1105 (s) 1250 (s) 1431 (i) 1681 (i) 2031 (i)
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.585 - 15336 / (T/K) - 1.1114 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1382.3 1526.5
67 Ho holmium
use (T/K) 1432 1584 -1775 -2040 -2410
CRC.c (T/°C) 1159 (s) 1311 (s) 1502 (i) 1767 (i) 2137 (i)
 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.791 - 15899 / (T/K) - 1.1753 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1434.8 1585.2
68 Er erbium
use (T/K) 1504 1663 -1885 -2163 -2552
CRC.c (T/°C) 1231 (s) 1390 (s) 1612 (i) 1890 (i) 2279 (i)
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.922 - 16642 / (T/K) - 1.2154 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1504.7 1663
liquid, m.p. to 1900 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.674 - 14380 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1873.9
69 Tm thulium
use (T/K) 1117 1235 1381 1570 -1821
CRC.c (T/°C) 844 (s) 962 (s) 1108 (s) 1297 (s) 1548 (i)
solid, 298 K to 1400 K: log (P/Pa) = 13.888 - 12270 / (T/K) - 0.9564 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1118.3 1235.5 1381
70 Yb ytterbium
use (T/K) 736 813 910 1047 -1266
CRC.c (T/°C) 463 (s) 540 (s) 637 (s) 774 (s) 993 (i)
solid, 298 K to 900 K: log (P/Pa) = 14.117 - 8111 / (T/K) - 1.0849 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
737 814.4
71 Lu lutetium
use (T/K) 1906 2103 2346 -2653 -3072
CRC.c (T/°C) 1633 (s) 1829.8 2072.8 2380 (i) 2799 (i)
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.799 - 22423 / (T/K) - 0.6200 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1905.9
liquid, m.p. to 2350 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.654 - 20302 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
2103 2346
72 Hf hafnium
use (T/K) 2689 2954 3277 3679 4194
CRC.e (T/°C) 2416 2681 3004 3406 3921
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.451 - 32482 / (T/K) - 0.6735 log (T/K)
73 Ta tantalum
use (T/K) 3297 3597 3957 4395 4939
CRC.b (T/°C) 3024 3324 3684 4122 4666
CR2 solid, 248 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 21.813 - 41346 / (T/K) - 3.2152 log (T/K) + 0.7437 (T/K) 10−3
SMI.o,p solid, 2407..2820 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.125 - 40210 / (T/K)
74 W tungsten
use (T/K) 3477 3773 4137 4579 5127
CRC.b (T/°C) 3204 (s) 3500 3864 4306 4854
CR2 solid, 298 K to 2350 K: log (P/Pa) = 7.951 - 44094 / (T/K) + 1.3677 log (T/K)
CR2 solid, 2200 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = -49.521 - 57687 / (T/K) - 12.2231 log (T/K)
KAL (T/K) 4300 4630 4790 5020 5200 5400
solid, 2554..3309 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.365 - 40260 / (T/K)
SMI.s (T/K)
3542
75 Re rhenium
use (T/K) 3303 3614 4009 4500 5127
CRC.b (T/°C) 3030 (s) 3341 3736 4227 4854
CR2 solid, 298 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 16.549 - 40726 / (T/K) - 1.1629 log (T/K)
76 Os osmium
use (T/K) 3160 3423 3751 4148 4638
CRC.b (T/°C) 2887 (s) 3150 3478 3875 4365
CR2 solid, 298 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 14.425 - 41198 / (T/K) - 0.3896 log (T/K)
2101..3221 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.715 - 37000 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
2910 3158 3453
77 Ir iridium
use (T/K) 2713 2957 3252 3614 4069
CRC.b (T/°C) 2440 (s) 2684 2979 3341 3796
CR2 solid, 298 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 15.512 - 35099 / (T/K) - 0.7500 log (T/K)
1993..3118 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.185 - 34110 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
2799 3050 3349
78 Pt platinum
use (T/K) 2330 -2550 2815 3143 3556
CRC.b (T/°C) 2057 2277 (e) 2542 2870 3283
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 4.888 - 29387 / (T/K) + 1.1039 log (T/K) - 0.4527 (T/K) 10−3
liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.392 - 26856 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
2357.4
KAL (T/K) 2910 3150 3260 3420 3560 3700
1606..2582 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.758 - 27500 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
2339 2556 2818
79 Au gold
use (T/K) 1646 1814 2021 2281 2620
CRC.b (T/°C) 1373 1541 1748 2008 2347
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.158 - 19343 / (T/K) - 0.7479 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2050 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.838 - 18024 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1663 1832.1 2039.4
KAL (T/K) 2100 2290 2390 2520 2640 2770
1083..1867 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.775 - 18520 / (T/K)
SMI.a (T/K)
1719 1895 2111
80 Hg mercury
use (T/K) 315 350 393 449 523
CRC.j,k (T/°C) 42 76.6 120 175.6 250.3
liquid, 298 K to 400 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.122 - 3190 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
315.2 349.7 392.8
KAL (T/K) 408 448.8 468.8 498.4 523.4 551.2
81 Tl thallium
use (T/K) 882 977 1097 1252 1461
CRC.b (T/°C) 609 704 824 979 1188
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 10.977 - 9447 / (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 1100 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.265 - 9037 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
880.4 975.4 1093.4
KAL (T/K) 1125 1235 1290 1370 1440 1515
 liquid, 405..821 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.275 - 8920 / (T/K)
SMI.a (T/K)
868 962 1078
82 Pb lead
use (T/K) 978 1088 1229 1412 1660
CRC.b (T/°C) 705 815 956 1139 1387
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 10.649 - 10143 / (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 1200 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.917 - 9701 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
978.2 1087.9
KAL (T/K) 1285 1420 1485 1585 1670 1760
liquid, 483..975 °C: log (P/Pa) = 9.815 - 9600 / (T/K)
SMI.a (T/K)
978 1089 1228
83 Bi bismuth
use (T/K) 941 1041 1165 1325 1538
CRC.b (T/°C) 668 768 892 1052 1265
KAL (T/K) 1225 1350 1410 1505 1580 1670
liquid, 474..934 °C: log (P/Pa) = 10.265 - 9824 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
957 1060 1189
84 Po polonium
use (T/K) -846 1003
CRC.d (T/°C) 573 (e) 730.2
85 At astatine
use (T/K) 361 392 429 475 531
CRC.b (T/°C) 88 (s) 119 (s) 156 (s) 202 (s) 258 (s)
86 Rn radon
use (T/K) 110 121 134 152 176
CRC.d (T/°C) -163 (s) -152 (s) -139 (s) -121.4 (s) -97.6 (s)
KAL (T/K) 139 (s) 152 (s) 158 (s) 168 (s) 176 (s) 184 (s)
87 Fr francium
use (T/K) -404 -454 -519 -608 -738
CRC.b (T/°C) 131 (e) 181 (e) 246 (e) 335 (e) 465 (e)
88 Ra radium
use (T/K) 819 906 1037 1209 1446
CRC.b (T/°C) 546 (s) 633 (s) 764 936 1173
90 Th thorium
use (T/K) 2633 2907 3248 3683 4259
CRC.b (T/°C) 2360 2634 2975 3410 3986
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.674 - 31483 / (T/K) - 0.5288 log (T/K)
CR2 liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = -13.447 - 24569 / (T/K) + 6.6473 log (T/K)
1686..2715 °C: log (P/Pa) = 11.645 - 28440 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
2442 2672 2949
91 Pa protactinium
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 15.558 - 34869 / (T/K) - 1.0075 log (T/K)
CR2 liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.183 - 32874 / (T/K)
92 U uranium
use (T/K) 2325 2564 2859 3234 3727
CRC.b (T/°C) 2052 2291 2586 2961 3454
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 5.776 - 27729 / (T/K) + 2.6982 log (T/K) - 1.5471 (T/K) 10−3
liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 25.741 - 28776 / (T/K) - 4.0962 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
2422.6
liquid, 1461..2338 °C: log (P/Pa) = 12.005 - 25800 / (T/K)
SMI.c (T/K)
2149 2344 2579
93 Np neptunium
use (T/K) 2194 2437
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 24.649 - 24886 / (T/K) - 3.9991 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 15.082 - 23378 / (T/K) - 1.3250 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
2194.1 2436.6
94 Pu plutonium
use (T/K) 1756 1953 2198 2511 2926
CRC.b (T/°C) 1483 1680 1925 2238 2653
CR2 solid, 500 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 23.864 - 18460 / (T/K) - 4.4720 log (T/K)
CR2 solid, 298 K to 600 K: log (P/Pa) = 31.166 - 19162 / (T/K) - 6.6675 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2450 K: log (P/Pa) = 8.672 - 16658 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1920.9 2171.3
95 Am americium
use (T/K) 1239 1356
solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 16.317 - 15059 / (T/K) - 1.3449 log (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1238.7 1356.1
96 Cm curium
use (T/K) 1788 1982
CR2 solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.375 - 20364 / (T/K) - 0.5770 log (T/K)
liquid, m.p. to 2200 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.229 - 18292 / (T/K)
CR2 (T/K)
1788.2 1982
50 k 100 k 101325

20
-252.8
18.2 20.3

4
-268.9
3.54 4.22

1610
1337.1

1530 1630

2742
2469

4072
3799

3908
3635 (s)

77
-195.9
71.8 77.4

90
 -183.1
83.9 90.2

85
-188.3
79.3 85

27
-246.1
24.9 27.1

1153
880.2

1095 1175

1361
1088

1295 1375

2790
2517

2640 2790

3537
3264
3310 3490
 549
276
520.5 553.6

704
431 (s)

717
444
672.4 717.8

239
-34.2
224.3 239.2

87
-186.0
81.4 (s) 87.3

1029
756.2

975 1050

1755
1482

1650 1765

-3101
2828 (i)

3558
3285
 3679
3406

2942
2669

2730 2870

2333
2060

2240 2390

3132
2859

2890 3030

3198
2925
 3184
2911

3030 3180

2836
2563

2710 2860

-1185
912 (e)

1120 1185

2518
2245

2350 2480
 3104
2831

874
601 (s)
849 (s) 883 (s)

958
685
904 958

332
58.4
312 332

120
-153.6
112.0 (s) 119.7

958
685.3

907 978

1646
1373

1550 1660

-3607
3334 (i)
 4678
4405

5013
4740

4879
4606

4680 4900

-4894
4621 (e)

4388
4115

3997
3724

3234
2961
 2433
2160

2310 2440

1040
767

983 1045

2340
2067

2893
2620

2800 2990

1858
1585
1740 1890
 1266
992.4
1190 1270

457
184
430.6 457.5

165
-108.4
154.7 (s) 165

940
667

883 959

2170
1897

1780 1910

-3726
3453 (i)

3705
3432
 -3779
3506 (i)

-3336
3063 (i)

-2061
1788 (i)

1796
1523

-3535
3262 (i)

-3491
3218 (i)

-2831
2558 (i)

-2964
2691 (i)
 -3132
2859 (i)

-2217
1944 (i)

-1465
1192 (i)

-3663
3390 (i)

4876
4603

5634
5361

5823
5550

5690 5940

5954
 5681

5256
4983

4659
4386

4094
3821

3910 4090

3078
2805

2960 3120

629
355.9

592.9 629.8

1758
1485

1630 1730
 2027
1754

1905 2030

1835
1562
1800 1920

1236
963.3

607
334

211
-62.3
198 (s) 211

-946
673 (e)

1799
1526

5055
4782

4402
4129

3499
3226