MICROWAVES

PHYSICS
10A
 PROPERTY 1
Wavelength ranges from Larger bandwidth that can
about 30 centimeters (12 range from 1 gigahertz to
inches) to 1 millimeter 1000 gigahertz
(0.04 inches)
Advantage: More
Frequency ranges from information can be
about 1 billion cycles per transmitted, antennas
second, or 1 gigahertz with 'high directivity' and
(GHz), up to about 300 'high gain' can be designed
gigahertz. easily.
 PROPERTY 2
1 4
Helpful in astronomical
Frequency band that researches, communication
ranges from 300 and information exchange
megahertz to 10 gigahertz. between space vehicles and
ground stations.

Radiations can pass

2 Can propagate through

the ionized layers that
cover the Earth. 3 through these ionized
layers of the
atmosphere and can
reach Earth.
 Property 4
Microwaves are absorbed
by the water content
Property 3 present in food, which in
turn heats the food.
Microwaves travel in a
straight line and are
reflected by conducting Atoms and
surfaces. molecules of water
in food start
"Radar Technology" vibrating.

"Magnetron"
The temperature of
the food increases
and the food is
cooked.
 5 YTREPORP
Microwaves do not require a medium
to travel

Cell phone signals can

travel through the air
as microwaves
Information can be
transmitted as microwaves
back and forth to the satellite
through the atnosphere
 SUMMARY
Microwaves are electromagnetic waves with relatively long
wavelengths and low frequencies, but these frequencies are
higher compared to radio waves.
Microwaves can propagate through the ionized layers that
cover the earth (transparency property).
Microwaves travel in a straight line and are reflected by the
conducting surfaces.
Microwaves excite water molecules within food, causing
them to vibrate rapidly.
Microwaves do not require a medium to travel.
More information can be transmitted due to high bandwidth availability in
microwave frequencies. Antennas with 'high directivity' & 'high gain' can
be designed easily and point-to-point communication can be achieved.
This property contributes to astronomical researches. Duplex
communication and information exchange between space vehicles
and ground stations is also possible due to this property.
Microwaves are reflected within the metal interior of ovens where they
are absorbed by food. The frequency of the reflected waves is used to
compute the speed of the vehicles and for other radars.
Microwaves are absorbed by the water content present in food,
which in turn heat the food. As a result, the temperature of the
food increases, and the food is cooked.
Cell phone signals are carried through the air as microwaves.
Microwaves are also used phenomenally in information transmission
back and forth to the satellite.