Handout 1: Grammar-translation, direct and audio-lingual methods

Aspect Grammar-Translation Direct Method Audio-lingual Method

Method (Army method)

Skills focus (R, W, L, S) R, W S, L, R, W

Typical modes of
interaction T-S T=S, S=S
T-s, T=S, S=S
Typical activity types
grammar drilling, translation pronunciation drilling,
(Drills, translation
exercises, read and translate conversation, dialogue,
exercises,
text questions
communication)

Attitude to grammar rules deductively inductively

Attitude to errors Immediate correction Self-correction

Attitude to the use of

Widely used Only target language
mother tongue
Role of the teacher authority partner

Handout 2: Audio-lingual method

Watch the video and tick (✓) the features that you observed.

Features ✓

Drills are used to teach structural patterns

Pair and group work is often used ✓

Set phrases are memorised with a focus on intonation ✓

Grammatical explanations are kept to a minimum

Translation is used as a means of presenting new words ✓

Vocabulary is taught in context ✓

Audio-visual aids are used ✓

Focus is on pronunciation ✓

Correct responses are positively reinforced immediately ✓

Chorus work is neglected

Handout 3. TPR method
Watch the video and answer the questions:
1. What was the author inspired by?

2. What psychological theory underlies the TPR method? (make a scheme).

3. What is the difference between natural learning and formal learning?

4. Why is motion so important?

5. What are the pros of TPR method?

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6. What are the cons of TPR method?

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Handout 4. Suggestopedia method

Watch the video and answer the questions:
1. What psychological theory underlies the suggestopedia method? (make a scheme).

2. Why is it so important to create conditions similar to a womb?

3. How to create conditions similar to a womb ? Complete the statements:

1 concert -__________________ puts brain into receptive mood.
2 concert -___________________puts learner into a state of a “passive sponge”
4. What is the next stage of the learning process?

5. What are the pros of TPR method?

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6. What are the cons of TPR method?

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Handout 5. Silent way method
Watch the video and answer the questions:
1. What psychological theory underlies the SW method?

2. Why is it necessary to visualize learning?

3. What is the idea of using colored rods in brief?

4. How is the idea of using colored rods related to constructivism?

5. What are the pros of SW method?

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6. What are the cons of SW method?
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