NATIONAL OIL CORPORATION

GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION

GES L.24

POWER LINE REACTORS

Rev Date Description Checked Approved

0 1999 Issued for Implementation DL

Compiled by Teknica (UK) Ltd

 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 2 of 26
Rev 0 1999

INDEX

SEC TITLE PAGE

1.0 SCOPE OF SPECIFICATION 4

1.1 Introduction 4
1.2 Other NOC Specifications 4
1.3 Data Sheets 5

2.0 DEFINITIONS 5

2.1 Technical 5
2.2 Contractual 7

3.0 DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE 7

3.1 Environmental Conditions 7

3.2 Codes and Standards 8
3.3 Voltage and Frequency 9
3.4 Performance Characteristics 9
3.5 Temperature Rise 10
3.6 Acoustic Noise 11

4.0 CONSTRUCTION 11

4.1 General 11
4.2 Construction 12
4.3 Taps 12
4.4 Short Circuit Damage 13
4.5 Lightning Arrester Ground Lug 13
4.6 Fault Pressure Relay 13
4.7 Terminals and Terminations 13
4.8 Primary Disconnect Switches 13
4.9 Line End Current Transformers 13
4.10 Neutral Point Current Transformers 14
4.11 Accessories 14
4.12 Characteristics of Materials 15
4.13 On Line Tap Changer 16
4.14 Field Experience 16

5.0 NEMA/IEC DIFFERENCES 16

5.1 General 16
5.2 Salient Differences 17

6.0 INSPECTION 18

6.1 Procedures 18
6.2 Scope 18
6.3 Nameplates 19

SEC TITLE PAGE

 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 3 of 26
Rev 0 1999

7.0 TESTING 19

7.1 Statutory Tests 19

7.2 Routine Tests 20
7.3 Site Acceptance Test Requirements 20
7.4 Test Certificates 21
7.5 Test Equipment 21

8.0 DOCUMENTATION 21

8.1 Introduction 21
8.2 Schedules and Reports 22
8.3 Data and Calculations 22
8.4 Contract Drawings 22
8.5 Final Records, Documents and Manuals 23

9.0 PRIOR TO SHIPMENT 24

9.1 Painting and Coatings 24

9.2 Spares 24
9.3 Packing and Storage 24
9.4 Shipping 24
9.5 Warranty 25

10.0 FIGURES SUB-INDEX 25

Figures 26

DATA SHEETS (2)

 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 4 of 26
Rev 0 1999

1.0 SCOPE OF SPECIFICATION

1.1 Introduction

1.1.1 This specification defines the minimum requirements for the design, construction, inspection and testing of
Shunt Reactors with de-energised or on load tap changing for operation on alternating current supplies at
the medium or high voltages indicated on the associated Data Sheets.

Reactors up to and including 4.0 MVA rating or BIL levels greater than 350 kV shall be sealed type;
reactors above these values shall be conservator type.

1.1.2 This specification applies to equipment for refineries, onshore oil and gas installations and processing
facilities, including equipment purchased either directly or as part of a package.

1.1.3 This specification is based on ANSI/NEMA Standards. The Vendor/Contractor shall comply fully with the
provisions laid down in this specification. Any exception must clearly stated and be authorised in writing
by the Owner as failure to do so shall indicate full compliance; any remedial work then necessary, shall be
at the Vendor/Contractor's expense.

1.1.4 In the event of any conflict between this specification and the Data Sheets, or with any of the applicable
codes and standards, the Vendor/Contractor shall inform the Owner in writing and receive written
clarification from the Owner before proceeding with the work.

1.1.5 This general specification will form part of the Purchase Order/Contract, together with any Data Sheets,
drawings or other attachments.

Where the total scope of purchase is for force cooled units with the associated motors and fans, this
specification shall be read in conjunction with the motor specification, the driven equipment (fan)
specification and any supplementary (or functional) specification.

1.2 Other NOC Specifications

The following NOC General Engineering Specifications are an integral part of this specification and any
exceptions shall be approved in advance by the Owner:

GES A.04 Noise Level Criteria and Noise Control of Mechanical Equipment

GES A.06 Site Data

GES K.13 Special Purpose Centrifugal Fans (API 673)

GES L.11 3-Phase Induction Motors (Low Voltage)

GES L.21 Power Distribution Equipment

GES L.34 Electrical Equipment in Contaminated Environments

GES L.35 Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Areas

GES X.06 Factory Coatings for Electrical Equipment and Instruments

1.3 Data Sheets

 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 5 of 26
Rev 0 1999

The technical data supplied by the Owner for the equipment is given on Data Sheets which are included at
the end of this specification.

The Vendor/Contractor shall complete the Data Sheets with the remaining information.

2.0 DEFINITIONS

2.1 Technical

The technical terms used in this specification are defined as follows:

Switch Making Capacity

Is the maximum momentary current for which the switch can be closed onto a standing fault without self-
opening and without sustaining damage. Momentary current may be defined in terms of peak or RMS
amperes.

Shunt reactor

Reactor intended for parallel connection in a system to compensate for capacitive current.

IEC

International Electrotechnical Commission

IP

Ingress Protection

ISO

International Standards Organisation

BIL

Basic Impulse Insulation Level

CT

Current Transformer

MTBF

Mean Time Between Failure. Normally quoted in years. From statistical calculations, the value of the
MTBF predicts the dimensions of an exponential curve of failures against time.

MTTR

Mean Time to Repair. This is the estimated time in hours for a fault to be cleared when an alarm has been
accepted.

NEMA

National Electrical Manufacturer's Association

 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 6 of 26
Rev 0 1999
Nominal System Voltage

The rms "phase to phase" or "phase to neutral" voltage by which the system is designated and at (or near)
which level, the system normally operates.

Utilisation Voltage

The rms "phase to phase" or "phase to neutral" voltage at the line terminals of utilisation equipment.

Type Test

Test carried for a particular make; design or build of equipment.

Rated voltage UN

The voltage at rated frequency assigned to be applied between the line terminals of a winding of a three-
phase reactor, or between the terminals of a winding of a single-phase reactor.

The rated voltage UN provides a basis for the design, the manufacturer's guarantees and the tests.

Maximum operating voltage Umax

The highest voltage at rated frequency at which the reactor shall be capable of operating continuously
without exceeding the specified temperature rises.

Rated power QN

The reactive power specified for operation at rated voltage and frequency.

Rated current IN

The line current of the reactor derived from rated power and rated voltage.

Rated Reactance

The reactance (in ohms per phase at rated frequency) specified at rated voltage.

Zero-sequence reactance Xo (of a three phase reactor)

The reactance per phase at rated frequency, equal to three times the value measured between the line
terminals of a three-phase star winding, connected together, and its neutral terminal.

Mutual reactance XM (of a three-phase reactor)

The ratio between induced voltage in an open phase and the current in an excited phase (in ohms per phase
at rated frequency).

Mutual reactance is suitably expressed per unit of the rated reactance.

Note: The mutual reactance is also expressed by the `coupling factor' being equal to: k = 100 Xm/XN.

Rating

The rating of a shunt reactor refers to continuous duty, unless otherwise specified.

2.2 Contractual
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 7 of 26
Rev 0 1999
The commercial terms used in this specification are defined as follows:

Owner

The oil and gas company, an associate or subsidiary, who is the end user of the equipment.

Vendor

The company supplying the equipment.

Contractor

The main contractor for a defined piece of work.

Sub-Contractor

A company awarded a contract by a Contractor to do part of the work awarded to the Contractor.

Inspection Authority

The organisation representing the Owner or Vendor/Contractor that verifies that the equipment has been
designed, constructed, inspected and tested in accordance with the requirements of this specification and
the Purchase Order/Contract.

Inspector

A qualified individual representing the Owner, Vendor/Contractor or the assigned Inspection Authority,
who verifies that the equipment has been designed, constructed, inspected and tested in accordance with the
requirements of this specification and the Purchase Order/Contract.

3.0 DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE

3.1 Environmental Conditions

3.1.1 External Environment

These conditions are fully detailed in GES A.06 and cover the principal conditions
affecting the electrical equipment including maximum and minimum ambient temperature, dust, humidity
and altitude etc.

3.1.2 Internal Environment

Equipment may be housed in an enclosed, air-conditioned equipment room; full details are given in GES
B.12.

Temporary excursions from these limits e.g. during short term power failure, shall be ignored for the
purposes of equipment rating.

3.1.3 The Vendor/Contractor shall provide details at the time of quotation listing the heat generated by all
equipment as requested on the Data Sheets accompanying this specification.

3.2 Codes and Standards

3.2.1 General

In general, the requirements specified herein are based on the ANSI/NEMA and other American Codes and
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 8 of 26
Rev 0 1999
Standards, the most important of which are listed below. Unless otherwise stated, equipment and materials
shall comply with these Codes and Standards.

Unless specified otherwise in the Purchase Order/Contract, the current editions of the Codes and Standards
at the time of order shall be used.

The Vendor/Contractor shall operate and supply certification for a Quality System complying with the
requirements of ASQ Q9000 Series or BS EN ISO 9000, Part 1 (Design) Part 2 (Production) and Part 3
(Test and Inspection).

3.2.2 US Codes and Standards

ANSI C57.16 Reactors, Requirements, Technology and Test Code

ANSI C62.1 Surge Arresters for AC Power Circuits

ANSI C62.11 Metal-Oxide Surge Arresters for AC Power Circuits

ANSI/IEEE C57.12.90 Standard Guide for Short Circuit Testing of Distribution and Power
Transformers

ASQ Q9000 Quality Management and Quality Assurance

ICS 3 Industrial System

NEMA CC-1 Electric Power Connectors for Substations

NEMA LA-1 Surge Arresters

NEMA MG-1 Motors

NEMA TR-1 Reactors, Regulators, and Reactors

NFPA-70 National Electrical Code

3.2.3 IEC and Other Recommendations

When appropriate, equivalent International Standards which may be used as alternatives are listed below
and may be used with the prior approval of the Owner. Equipment and materials complying with IEC
Recommendations shall be at least equal to the requirements of this specification. The Vendor/Contractor
shall advise full details of any deviations to these requirements in his offer if IEC based standards are
utilised.

ISO 9001 Quality System - Design

ISO 9002 Quality System - Production

ISO 9003 Quality System - Test and Inspection

BS 4944 Reactors

G.5/3 Electricity Council "Limits for Harmonics in the United Kingdom Electricity
Supply System

3.3 Voltage and Frequency

3.3.1 Rating
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 9 of 26
Rev 0 1999

Equipment rated voltage and frequency shall be as stated on the Data Sheets or attachments to the material
requisition.

3.3.2 Variations

All equipment shall operate successfully at rated load and rated frequency with a voltage variation of 10%
above or below rated voltage and with a supply characteristic of not less than 5% total harmonic distortion
(THD).

All equipment shall operate successfully at a rated load at rated voltage with a frequency variation of 5%
above or below rated frequency.

All equipment shall operate successfully at a rated load with a combined variation in the voltage and
frequency of 10% above or below rated voltage and 5% above or below rated frequency.

3.3.3 Harmonic Distortion

The Vendor/Contractor shall advise the maximum harmonic content that the equipment can accept in the
supply system without derating this shall not be less than 5% THD.

3.4 Performance Characteristics

3.4.1 Design

With regard to design and installation the reactor is identified as:

- single-phase or three-phase,
- oil-immersed,
- with air core or with gapped iron core,
- with or without magnetic shield,
- for indoor or outdoor installation,
- for fixed or variable reactance,
- having additional loading winding.

3.4.2 Magnetic characteristic

Knowledge of the entire magnetic characteristic may be necessary:

- to set a normal operation range,

- for study of overvoltage conditions,
- for simulation in system studies.

Information on the magnetic characteristic should be supplied by the Vendor/Contractor upon request.

With regard to its entire magnetic characteristic the reactor is identified as:

- linear,
- non-linear,
- saturated.

The reactors with non-linear magnetic characteristic have their normal operation range in the linear part of
the magnetic characteristic. The knee point and the slope in the saturated part may be subject to agreement
between Owner and Vendor/Contractor. They may be determined by measurement or by calculation.

3.4.3 Rating
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 10 of 26
Rev 0 1999
Reactor rating shall be based on self-cooled operation (ONAN rating). Reactors shall be rated for the
temperature rise detailed in Section 3.5.

All liquid filled reactors shall have provisions for increasing their continuous kVA rating by the use of
cooling fans. Provisions shall include capacity in all currents, carrying parts for the higher fan cooled
rating, and bushing shall have current ratings conforming to the higher fan cooled rating. When provisions
for auxiliary cooling are specified, all items that cannot be safely installed while reactors are energised,
shall be installed during construction and before shipment.

If fans are specified, fan motors shall be three-phase squirrel-cage induction type (complying with GES
L.11) as specified on the Data Sheets, the cooling liquid thermometer shall have contacts suitable for fan
motor control as well as remote alarm and trip facilities.

3.4.4 Continuous Operation

All reactors and auxiliaries shall be designed for continuous operation at the nameplate rating for 26,000 (3
years) without being stopped for maintenance purposes.

3.5 Temperature Rise

The shunt reactors shall be designed and based on maximum ambient temperature of 131°F (55°C) in a 24
hour period and an average ambient temperature of 113°F (45°C) in a 24 hour period. The temperature rise
limits shall be in the following table:

1 2
Part Maximum Temperature °F (°C)
Windings: 117°F (65°C) with oil in natural circulation
(temperature measured by the only.
resistance method)
126°F (70°C) with forced air and/or forced
oil circulation.
Top oil (temperature rise measured 108°F (60°C) when the Reactor is
by thermometer) equipped with a conservator or sealed.
Cores, metallic parts and adjacent The temperature shall in no case, reach a
materials. value that will damage the core itself, other
parts or adjacent materials.

Notes:

a) The temperature rise limits of the windings (measured by the resistance method) are chosen to
give the same hot-spot temperature rise with difference types of oil circulation. The hot-spot
temperature rise cannot normally be measured directly. Reactors with forced directed oil flow
have a difference between the hot spot and the average temperature rise in the windings which is
smaller than that in reactors with natural or forced but not directed oil flow. For this reason, the
windings of reactors with forced directed oil flow can have temperature rise limits (measured by
the resistance method) which are 9°F (5°C) higher than in other reactors.

The method of verification of the forced-directed oil flow is subject to agreement between the
manufacturers and the purchaser normally at the time of tender.

b) The temperature of metal surfaces exposed to direct solar radiation can reach 167°F (75°C). The
interiors of unventilated metal cabinets (exclusive of internal heat-producing sources) can reach
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 11 of 26
Rev 0 1999
101°F (56°C). The reactor and its accessories, including cabinets and junction boxes shall be
designed accordingly. Sun shields shall not be fitted, unless specified or recommended by the
Vendor/Contractor.

3.6 Acoustic Noise

a) The noise level criteria for the plant shall be as specified in GES A.04.

b) Unless otherwise stated on the Data Sheets for the individual reactors, the sound pressure level
shall not exceed the following:

Indoors

Equipment for installation indoors shall be so designed that the sound pressure level at 3.28 ft (1 metre)
from the equipment surface shall not exceed 65 dB(A) under any load and/or frequency condition within
the operating range of the Power Line Reactor.

Outdoors

Equipment for installation outdoors, unless otherwise specified, shall have a sound pressure level at 3.28 ft
(1 m) from the equipment surface not exceeding 80 dB(A) under any load and/or frequency condition.

Note:

To NEMA standards, the noise levels shall not exceed those given in NEMA TR1.

4.0 CONSTRUCTION

4.1 General

4.1.1 Reactors shall be 3-phase oil filled "sealed tank" construction up to 4 MVA rating or with BIL levels
greater than 350 kV, unless specified otherwise; above 4 MVA rating the reactors shall be "conservator"
type. See Figure in Section 10.0 of this specification.

4.1.2 The enclosures of all equipment shall be a minimum of IP65, dust tight, water tight and corrosion resistant
for indoor and outdoor applications.

4.1.3 The reactors shall have wye connected windings, with a fully rated BIL neutral connection brought out for
system grounding. The neutral shall not be connected to the tank.

Reactor Tanks

The reactor tanks and coolers shall be of welded mild steel construction and shall be suitably pressure
tested for leaks.

All covers shall be of mild steel and shall be constructed and fixed so as to form a weatherproof joint and
avoid the accumulation of moisture externally. The tank top cover and conservator end cover shall be
bolted to external flanges.

All gaskets shall be of synthetic rubber and cork composition.

The enclosures of all equipment shall be a minimum of IP 65, dust tight, water tight and corrosion resistant
for indoor and outdoor applications.
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 12 of 26
Rev 0 1999

4.2 Construction

4.2.1 Reactors shall be preferably of the Vendor/Contractor's standard type, sealed tank reactors are preferred;
conservator or conservator/diaphragm types are acceptable.

4.2.2 Enclosed terminals and connections are required for all power reactors, except as follows:

a) reactors fed by bare wire lines,

b) reactors in open bus switchyards.

The use of other types of construction requires the approval of the Owner.

4.2.3 If double primary cable entrances are specified for the purpose of extending the primary feeder, removable
links inside the junction box or switch enclosure shall permit isolating the extended section of the feeder.

If junction box without switch is specified, removable links shall also be provided to isolate the reactor
while using the extended feeder.

4.2.4 Junction boxes or switch enclosures, having isolating links, shall conform to the following:

(a) links shall be air-insulated and shall be accessible for removal without need to drain oil or other
liquid from any part of the junction box or switch enclosure,

(b) link design, location and clearances around links shall permit convenient removal and replacement
with primary feeder de-energised,

(c) interlocking shall be provided between the access cover of the junction box housing the isolating
links and the source circuit breaker supplying the reactor. Interlocking shall permit access to the
links only when the source breaker is in the open position; key interlocks are acceptable.

4.3 Taps

4.3.1 If on-load tap changing is specified, the requirements will be given in the Data Sheets. The tap changer
shall conform or be equal to the requirements in Section 4.13 of this specification. Taps suitable for de-
energised operation shall be furnished if on-load tap changing is not specified.

4.3.2 Tap changer shall be externally operable from grade with position indicator visible from grade; changer
operating device shall not be located within the terminal enclosures; or enclosures housing reactor
accessories.

4.4 Short Circuit Damage

Reactor windings and other parts shall be designed and constructed to withstand the mechanical and
thermal stresses of:

(a) an external three-phase short circuit at of the reactor winding,

(b) phase-to-ground short circuit on any winding.

4.5 Lightning Arrester Ground Lug

Arresters shall be mounted on/or adjacent to the reactor. Solderless connections shall be provided on the
tank for the grounding conductor of the arresters. Connectors shall be mounted as close to the arresters as
possible and shall not be mounted on radiators or hand hole covers. Location shall be such that the entire
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 13 of 26
Rev 0 1999
electrical path from connectors to ground pads can carry, without damage, the specified rated discharge
current of the arrester.

4.6 Fault Pressure Relay

Fault pressure relays shall be mounted on a shut-off valve provided specifically for the relay, mounting on
the reactor main drain valve is not acceptable.

4.7 Terminals and Terminations

The neutral for each winding specified with the neutral out shall be fully insulated, if the line terminals of
that winding are enclosed, the neutral terminal shall be similarly enclosed. A common enclosure for line
and neutral terminals are acceptable.

Cable terminations, if specified for cables entering from below, shall be designed to avoid kinking the cable
during installation or later removal of reactor.

4.8 Primary Disconnect Switches

Load break switches are preferred. Switches rated for breaking reactor magnetizing current and having
making capacity at least equal to the specified momentary current are acceptable. Interlocking between
primary disconnect switch and source breaker is required; key interlocks are acceptable.

4.9 Line End Current Transformers

Where stated on the Data Sheets three current transformers shall be provided for phase fault protective
relaying. Bushing type CTs mounted within or around the phase bushings shall be used. Where practical,
separately mounted CTs in the primary terminal chamber are acceptable. CT ratios shall be as specified on
the Data Sheets.

Secondary leads of current transformers shall be connected to a terminal strip mounted within a separate
external box mounted on the reactor. The terminal strip shall have links arranged to permit short circuiting
the CT secondary windings. Terminal strip may be in the same box provided for the secondary neutral
current transformer.

4.10 Neutral Current Transformers

For shunt reactors, where stated on the Data Sheets, a current transformer shall be provided for ground fault
protective relaying. Bushing type CTs mounted within or around the neutral bushing shall be used where
practical. If a CT is mounted around the bushing, increased spacing from the neutral bushing to phase
bushing or enclosure may be necessary.

CT shall be arranged to sense both ground (earth) return current and phase-to-neutral current.

Where differential relaying is used a set of neutral end CTs shall be arranged prior to the summing junction
(wye connection) for each leg.

CT ratio shall be selected to allow relay pick-up to be set above maximum unbalanced load current if any.

If non-bushing type CTs are used, they shall be arranged so that reactors connected to three wire systems
shall have the neutral bushing terminal and the whole bushing-to-CT connections shall be insulated for
phase-to-phase voltage. If the neutral and phase bushings are in the same terminal enclosure, they shall be
segregated by a grounded conducting barrier.

If CTs in separate enclosures are used whether furnished with the reactor or separately, they shall conform
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 14 of 26
Rev 0 1999
to the above requirements. CTs shall be located as close as practical to the reactor neutral bushing,
proposed locations for CTs shall be submitted for approval.

Secondary leads of current transformers shall be connected to a terminal strip mounted within a separate
external terminal box mounted on the reactor, the terminal strip shall have links arranged to permit short
circuiting the CT secondary windings.

4.11 Accessories

4.11.1 Reactors up to 4 MVA Rating

Reactor accessories shall include all standard accessories in accordance with the relevant standards plus the
following:

(1) upper and lower filter valves, oil sampling and main oil drain valve, plus a second lower filter
valve mounted on the side opposite to the lower filter valve. This additional valve is to permit
cross circulation for removal of sludge,

(2) two tank ground pads with connectors for copper cable,

(3) dial type thermometer for indicating top liquid temperature with two hands, one showing liquid
temperature at time of reading and second showing maximum temperature reached since last
resetting. Thermometer shall have hermetically sealed normally closed alarm contacts set to open
at maximum self-cooled operating temperature. Contacts for fan control shall be hermetically
sealed,

(4) stainless steel nameplate complete with ratings, weights and connection diagram,

(5) liquid level gauge with alarm and trip contacts,

(6) space heaters in all boxes and enclosures,

(7) pressure vacuum gauge with alarm and trip contacts,

(8) sudden pressure relay with alarm and trip contactors,

(9) lifting eyes to facilitate lifting entire reactor,

(10) jacking lugs, one at each corner 16 in (400 mm) above ground level and cover lifting lugs,

(11) skids with 1½ in (40 mm) diameter axle holes.

A common control cabinet shall be provided for alarm leads, fan supply leads and other control device
leads.

Pressure relief devices shall not be located within terminal enclosures or enclosures housing reactor
accessories.

4.11.2 Reactors above 4 MVA Rating

All the fittings listed in 4.12.1 plus:

(1) conservator with detachable end plate, Buchholz Relay with shut off valves at each side instead of
the Pressure Vacuum Gauge,
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 15 of 26
Rev 0 1999

(2) pressure relief vent,

(3) Cooling Liquid Thermometer with Alarm and Trip contacts.

4.12 Characteristics of Materials

The characteristics of materials shall be suitable for the place of installation and operating conditions. All
reactors and the individual components shall be suitable for the environmental conditions stated in the
attached Data Sheets, it will be necessary to consider all environmental factors which may effect the life of
materials and safety conditions such as:

- minimum and maximum temperatures,

- effects of temperature and humidity,
- elevation continuous duty,
- corrosive substances and pollution,
- solid matters, sand, dust,
- solar radiation and wind,
- danger of explosion or fire.

The use of standardised materials available on the market shall be maximised.

The equipment and material forming part of the same supply shall be of the same type for similar functions,
for example, relays, instruments, auxiliaries, insulators, etc.

Windings shall consist of electrolytic copper.

Insulating liquids shall be new, not regenerated, and shall conform to relevant codes or Client approval
type. Askarels are not acceptable.

4.13 On-line Tap Changer

If specified, the tap changer shall conform to all requirements of applicable codes and standards NEC,
IEEE, ANSI, NEMA or IEC.

The tap changer shall be inserted in the line end and shall be three pole rapid operation type with
commutating reactances or resistors and in the case of shunt reactors shall be inserted at the high voltage
end.

The tap changer switch shall be installed in its own oil casing, the oil shall be separate from the reactor oil.

The switch contacts shall be of easy access for maintenance or replacement without having to open the
reactor.

The tap changer shall have a manual control device consisting of a removable handle and an electric motor
driven control device for remote control, suitable interlocks shall be provided to prevent the operation of
the motor during manual operation and vice versa. Also the tap changer operating handle shall be provided
with means for padlocking in any selected tap position.

All auxiliary control devices and accessories shall be installed at eye level on the transformer, the
accessories shall include the following:

(a) visible position indicator,

 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 16 of 26
Rev 0 1999
(b) device for remote position indicator,

(c) operation counter,

(d) automatically controlled anti-condensation heater,

(e) nameplate with indelible diagram of control circuits.

4.14 Field Experience

Designs and materials used in the reactors shall have a minimum of 2 years of verifiable, proven field
experience. The Vendor/Contractor shall supply a User List indicating User company name, installation,
date of installation and characteristics similar to equipment noted.

5.0 NEMA/IEC DIFFERENCES

5.1 General

This specification is primarily written for reactors manufactured in accordance with the American (NEMA)
standards.

If it is necessary or advantageous (or if there is no equivalent NEMA standard) to purchase reactors in

accordance with International (IEC) Standards, the specification can still be utilised but the salient
differences occurring should be noted as detailed below.

5.2 Salient Differences

This section does not attempt to list every difference between American (NEMA) standards and IEC
standards, but covers only those salient differences that could affect the final installation if not properly
addressed during the design phase.

5.2.1 Units - SI Units

The NEMA Standards in many cases utilise imperial units (horsepower, feet, pounds, degrees fahrenheit,
foot candles, etc.) whilst the IEC Standards utilise SI units (metres, grammes, degrees celsius etc.).

Note:

For electrical equipment, the (American) Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) have
recommended that the use of the imperial (British-American units in use be reduced as rapidly as possible
in favour of the SI units, with certain implementations such as the use of horsepower being phased out first.

Where practicable, both systems has been shown in this standard and on the Electrical Data Sheets since
the transition will take some time to fully implement.

5.2.2 Ingress Protection (IP) IEC 529

The IEC Code precisely defines the ingress protection offered to the machine by its enclosure against solid
bodies and moisture. The NEMA Code is now similar, and for most refinery installations, an enclosure of
"IP65" (as defined in both codes) should be adequate for most installations.

5.2.3 Hazardous (Classified) Areas (GES L 35)

 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 17 of 26
Rev 0 1999
Full details of the comparison of IEC and American practices are detailed in GES L.35 and are not
reiterated here.

If it is intended to purchase a transformer to IEC Standards, reference shall be made to the contract
hazardous area drawing produced from the principles stated in GES L.35 to establish the enclosure type
needed.

Note: The National Electrical Code NFPA 70, Article 500 covers the American approach to hazardous
(Classified) areas in some detail.

5.2.4 Cooling

The concepts are similar i.e. air or force cooled etc., only the method of identifying them is different.
Provided the requirement is clearly stated in words, it should not be a problem.

5.2.5 Terminal Markings (IEC 34-8)

NEMA MG.1, (1993) part 2, gives terminal major markings with a "T" prefix, whereas the IEC code
utilises U, V, W for phases.

5.2.6 Grounding

Concerned with the nature and location of an intentional electrical interconnection between the Electrical
System Conductors and Ground.

In British Practice, the terms "Grounding" and "Ground" are replaced by "Earthing" and "Earth".

6.0 INSPECTION

6.1 Procedures

(a) The Vendor/Contractor shall allow the Inspector free access to all areas of manufacture,
fabrication, assembly and testing.

(b) The Vendor/Contractor always has the responsibility to provide adequate quality control and
inspection of equipment and materials as defined in ISO 9000. Any inspection by Owner or his
Inspector shall not relieve the Vendor/Contractor of these responsibilities or those under his
guarantees.

(c) Any defects noticed in the course of fabrication shall be brought to the attention of the Inspector
who shall decide if the faulty material or workmanship should be repaired or rejected.

(d) If inspection is waived, the required data shall be forwarded to the Owner. If submission of data is
not requested, all data shall be retained by the Vendor/Contractor for issue to the Owner on
demand, for at least five years.

(e) The Vendor/Contractor shall provide a safe working environment for the Inspector and alert the
Inspector of potential hazards.

6.2 Scope

6.2.1 The inspection requirements will be covered by the document "General Conditions of Purchase" which
forms part of the Purchase Order/Contract. Additional requirements are given below.

6.2.2 Inspector shall inspect the reactors to ensure that they comply with the requirements of the latest revision of
this specification and Data Sheets, drawings or other attachments to the material requisition, and the latest
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 18 of 26
Rev 0 1999
revision of the Vendor/Contractor's documentation and data relating to the specific material requisition.

6.2.3 All shop work and testing of the reactors shall be carried out to the complete satisfaction of the Inspector,
but his approval shall not relieve the Vendor/Contractor of the responsibility for the guarantees covered in
the Purchase Order/Contract.

In particular, at least the following shall be checked:

(a) rating plate details,

(b) certification/approvals markings,

(c) terminal box(es) location, size and cable entries,

(d) terminals,

(e) mounting arrangement,

(f) grounding terminal(s) size and location,

(g) accessories,

(h) equipment tag number,

(i) functional check of all Alarms, Cooling Devices and Tap Changers etc.

Inspector shall ensure that any shortcomings in the Vendor/Contractor's documentation or data are rectified
before any equipment or material is accepted for shipment.

6.3 Nameplates

6.3.1 Information to be given in all cases

Each reactor shall be provided with a rating plate of stainless steel fitted in a visible position, showing the
appropriate items listed below. The entries on the plate shall be indelibly marked (by etching, engraving or
stamping).

(a) type of reactor,

(b) outdoor/indoor application,
(c) number of the relevant National Standard,
(d) manufacturer's name,
(e) manufacturer's serial number,
(f) year of manufacture,
(g) number of phases,
(h) rated power,
(i) rated frequency,
(j) rated voltage,
(k) rated current,
(l) maximum operation voltage,
(m) insulation level,
(n) winding connection,
(o) reactance at rated voltage (measured value),
(p) type of cooling,
(q) total mass,
(r) mass of insulating oil,
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 19 of 26
Rev 0 1999
(s) plant identification number,
(t) Purchase Order/Contract number.

6.3.2 Additional information to be given in certain cases

(a) thermal class of insulation (for dry-type reactors only),

(b) temperature rise (if not a normal value),
(c) transportation mass (for reactors exceeding 5t total mass),
(d) untanking mass (for reactors exceeding 5t total mass),
(e) type of insulating liquid, if not mineral oil,
(f) details regarding tappings, if any,
(g) zero-sequence reactance,
(h) Mutual reactance.

7.0 TESTING

7.1 Statutory Tests

Tests shall be performed in accordance with the applicable codes, the requirements of the Data Sheets and
include as a minimum the following Routine Tests.

7.2 Routine Tests

7.2.1 The Vendor/Contractor's basic routine witnessed factory tests are required and shall include but not be
limited to the following tests to ensure that the specification for the equipment has been met at the rated
environmental conditions:

(a) measurement of winding resistance,

(b) measurement of reactance,
(c) measurement of loss,
(d) dielectric tests,
(e) measurements of voltage ratio and short-circuit impedance on shunt reactors with additional
loading winding.

The oil and winding temperature shall be measured immediately prior to the test and recorded.

7.2.2 The Type tests of `Temperature Rise' and `Dielectric Tests' need not be effected if documentary type test
evidence of these tests on a similar type of reactor to that being purchased.

The exception to this is when the copper losses are in excess of the agreed tolerance when related to the
Vendor/Contractor's stated guarantee figure; in this instance the Vendor/Contractor shall carry out
witnessed heat runs at their own expense.

Subsequent to this test, the acceptance or rejection of the units will be at the discretion of the Inspector.

7.2.3 The Special Tests detailed below need only be effected if agreed at the contract stage:

(a) measurement of zero-sequence reactance on three-phase linear and non-linear reactors,

(b) measurement of mutual reactance on three-phase reactors,
(c) measurement of acoustic sound level,
(d) measurement of vibration,
(e) measurement of harmonics of the current,
(f) measurement of power taken by fans and oil pumps,
(g) measurement of magnetic characteristic.
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 20 of 26
Rev 0 1999
7.3 Site Acceptance Test Requirements

7.3.1 Test Schedules

The Vendor/Contractor shall submit a schedule of Site Acceptance Tests that are to be undertaken to ensure
that the reactor is satisfactory.

The test schedules shall be approved by the Owner. There shall be a separate set of acceptance tests for
each reactor supplied.

7.3.2 Initial Acceptance Tests

The initial acceptance tests shall be performed by the Vendor/Contractor when all relevant equipment has
been installed.

7.3.3 Final Acceptance Tests

Fourteen days after the systems have been put into service, or fourteen days after the initial acceptance
tests, whichever is the earliest, the Final Acceptance Tests shall be effected by the Vendor/Contractor, and
be witnessed by the Inspector.

7.4 Test Certificates

7.4.1 Test Certificates

Final acceptance of the system will be given following satisfactory Final Acceptance Tests.

All copies of test certificates shall be furnished with final drawings as called for in documentation section.
The Final Acceptance Tests shall be witnessed by the Inspector who shall retain one copy of the certified
tests.

7.5 Test Equipment

7.5.1 Supply

The Vendor/Contractor shall supply a set of test equipment if it is required.

7.5.2 Test Accessories

All necessary test leads, power cords and ancillaries shall be provided.

Note:

All instrument and apparatus used in the performance of the tests shall have been calibrated to an agreed
standard at a laboratory of National standing within the period of 15 months of the test date. The cost of
carrying out such calibrations shall be borne by the Vendor/Contractor in all cases.

8.0 DOCUMENTATION

8.1 Introduction

8.1.1 This section covers the documentation required for the design, selection, fabrication, inspection and testing
for all the equipment, components and services to be provided against this specification.
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 21 of 26
Rev 0 1999
8.1.2 The detailed list of documents that are required will be included with the Purchase Order/Contract,
however as a minimum the following listed documents will be provided by the Vendor/Contractor as and
when required by the Vendor Documentation Requirements (VDR) list:

. General Arrangement,
. Foundation Layout,
. Single Line Diagram,
. Schematic and block wiring diagrams.

8.1.3 The documents as listed may be considered as a minimum requirement; all details to confirm compliance
with the relevant specifications, and to allow a full and continued appraisal to be made of the
Vendor/Contractor proposals and interpretations of the ordered equipment, shall be submitted in
accordance with the schedule specified in the Purchase Order/Contract.

8.1.4 Any production or procurement undertaken by the Vendor/Contractor which is prior to the relevant
documentation being submitted and reviewed by the Owner is at the Vendor/Contractor's risk.

8.1.5 On all documentation the Purchase Order/Contract number, equipment title, tag number and project name
shall be quoted.

8.1.6 All documentation shall be checked and signed by the checker before submission.

8.2 Schedules and Reports

8.2.1 The Vendor/Contractor shall submit with his tender a preliminary quality control plan and proposals for
factory acceptance and site acceptance tests.

8.2.2 The Vendor/Contractor shall submit with his tender documentation a statement of proposed Sub-
Vendors/Sub-Contractors, a document submission schedule for all documents based on a review of cycle of
three weeks and outline programme for procurement and production activities.

8.2.3 The Vendor/Contractor shall incorporate any revisions agreed with the Owner during the enquiry review
stage.

8.2.4 Monthly reports shall be submitted by the Vendor/Contractor detailing design, procurement, production
and documentation activities, the format of which shall be agreed with the Owner.

8.3 Data and Calculations

8.3.1 The Vendor/Contractor shall supply with his tender completed Data Sheets containing all the relevant
information necessary for appraisal of the design by the Owner.

8.3.2 Project specific instructions will be issued to the Vendor/Contractor with the Purchase Order/Contract,
which describes the data and calculations to be submitted, and the methods of submission.

8.3.3 The Vendor/Contractor shall be responsible for obtaining approvals from the Inspection Authority.

8.3.4 All calculations shall be carried out in clear and logical manner. Where conditions involve the use of
formulae or methods not specified in the Design Code, the source of these formulae or methods shall be
clearly referenced.

8.3.5 Computer calculations will only be acceptable if all input is shown, together with calculated values of
intermediate terms and factors and options chosen, as well as final calculated dimensions, stresses or other
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 22 of 26
Rev 0 1999
values and the computer program has been validated to the satisfaction of the Owner.

8.3.6 Calculations and drawings that are interdependent, i.e. foundation loading and equipment footprint, shall be
presented for appraisal together.

8.4 Drawings

8.4.1 The drawings listed with the Purchase Order/Contract shall be sent by the Vendor/Contractor to the Owner
and/or the Inspection Authority for review and approval.

8.4.2 The components and process to produce the ordered equipment shall be shown in sufficient detail to be
fully appraised e.g. outline drawings, components list and schematic diagrams.

8.4.3 General arrangement drawings shall be to scale and show the relative location and main dimensions of all
components including elevations.

8.4.4 Detail drawings which may be included on the general arrangement shall include thicknesses and
dimensions of all components surface finish requirements, gasket and nameplate details etc.

8.4.5 As-built drawings may be the general arrangement drawings marked-up with the manufacturing process.
8.5 Final Records, Documents and Manuals

8.5.1 Two copies of the Data Dossier shall be supplied, and shall be a record of the manufacturing process.
Where stated in the Purchase Order/Contract, besides the electrical documents itemised in Section 8.1.2, it
shall contain the following:

- general arrangement drawing and bill of material,

- the quality control plan,
- material certificates,
- chemical analysis certificates,
- positive material identification certificates,
- Schematic and Wiring diagrams,
- NDT procedures and records,
- hazardous area certificates,
- balance certificates,
- performance test procedures, and test certificate,
- non-conformity records,
- approvals by the Independent Inspection Authority,
- certificate of conformity,
- Owner's release certificate.

8.5.2 Six sets of the Installation, Operations and Maintenance Manual (IOM) shall be specifically compiled for
the equipment supplied. A compendium of manufacturer's data for a range of like products is not
acceptable. The IOM shall contain the following:

- a description of the equipment, process and controls philosophy,

- the master document list and certified copies of the key drawings,
- packing, shipping and site preservation instructions,
- step by step installation instructions,
- step by step pre-commissioning procedures,
- step by step commissioning procedures,
- normal start up, operating and shutdown procedures,
- step by step procedures for dismantling and re-assembly,
- normal operating and set point values for all instruments,
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 23 of 26
Rev 0 1999
- routine operating and set point values for all instruments,
- lubrication, chemicals, consumables schedule,
- spare parts ordering information.

The IOMs shall be presented in A4 format, and be securely bound in heavy duty 4 ring binders.

8.5.3 The Vendor/Contractor shall produce as built documents revised to indicate field changes.

8.5.4 The Vendor/Contractor shall supply one set of mylar original drawings.

8.5.5. Electronic Data Format (EDF)

All documentation (drawings, calculations and Data Sheets etc.) shall be produced by the
Vendor/Contractor in electronic format.

The format shall be compatible with that used by the Owner and shall be agreed at the commencement of
the Purchase Order/Contract.

In addition to the 'hard copies' required used the contract, copies of the electronic records shall be issued to
the Owner for all approved documentation, this forming part of the Vendor/Contractor's contractual
obligations.

9.0 PRIOR TO SHIPMENT

9.1 Painting and Coatings

All bare surfaces which are exposed during transit or storage shall be given a coat of temporary rust
inhibiting material.

Surface preparation, painting and painting materials shall be in accordance with GES X.06.

9.2 Spares

The Vendor/Contractor shall submit with his proposal, a priced list of recommended spares for start-up and
two years operation for review by the Owner. This list shall include, but not be limited to:

- special tools, if required,

- gaskets,
- 5 litres of 'touch up' paint.

9.3 Packing and Storage

This section describes the minimum requirements for the preservation and protection of reactors during the
sea and land transportation and storage prior to installation.

The probable storage period will be specified in the order/enquiry and will extend from the time of
despatch to the time of unpacking at site. If the storage period is not stated, a minimum period of 24
months shall be assumed. Packing to be suitable for sea freight.

(a) After mechanical completion at the works, the equipment shall be left in a clean dry condition.

(b) The Vendor/Contractor shall be responsible for loading and anchoring the item(s) to prevent
damage during shipment.
 GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES L.24
POWER LINE REACTORS Page 24 of 26
Rev 0 1999

The Vendor/Contractor shall submit his procedures for packing and preservation for review by the Owner.

9.4 Shipping

Detailed shipping arrangements are covered by the Purchase Order/Contract.

The reactors shall not leave the Vendor/Contractor's works for shipment until the release has been approved
by the Owner's Inspector.

9.5 Warranty

The Vendor/Contractor shall warrant all material and services supplied against any defect for a period of
twelve (12) months after commissioning, or twenty-four (24) months from the date of delivery to site,
whichever is the shorter period, or for the period stipulated in the Purchase Order/Contract.

Should any item be found defective, the Vendor/Contractor shall be responsible for all costs associated
with restoring the equipment to the standard specified by the Purchase Order/Contract.

10.0 FIGURES SUB-INDEX

Figure 10.1 - Methods of Oil Preservation Systems on Reactors

 DATA SHEET No.

POWER LINE REACTOR

P.O. / CONTRACT No.
CLIENT
PLANT LOCATION SHEET 1 of 2
SERVICE ITEM No. No. of UNITS
DATA BY OWNER
GENERAL INFORMATION
1 VENDOR / CONTRACTOR Quote No. & Date:
2 Equipment No: Manufacturer
3 Service: Type:
4 SITE DATA
5 Max Temp: °F(°C) Altitude: feet (Metres)
6 Min. Temp: °F(°C) Environment:
7 Relative Humidity %
8 SYSTEM SUPPLY
9 Frequency: Hz
10 - Normal Voltage: kVrms
11 - System Highest Voltage: kVrms
12 - Number of Phases:
13 - System Neutral:
14 - Short Circuit Level: MVA
15 REACTOR DETAILS
16 Type; Rating
17 Number of Phases: Cooling:
18 Voltage at Principal Tapping kV Connections
19 kV Method of Tap Changing:
20 kV
21 Number of Tapping Positions: Enclosure IP Rating:
22 Voltage Variation Range: +/- % Reactor Location: Indoors/Outdoors
23 Impedance Voltage (Principal Tapping): % Auxiliary Equipment:
24 Sound Pressure Level @ 3.28 feet (1 Metre) dB(A) Prismatic Liquid Level Gauge - Type:
25 Insulation Class:- Pressure Relief Vent (with Alarm & Trip Contacts
26 Main Connections - kcmil (mm²) Rated A, V AC/DC)
27 - Neutral kcmil (mm²) Type of Vent:
28 Dial Type, top Liquid Temperature Indicating Device (with
29 Adjustable Tamper Proof Alarm & Trip Contacts):
30 Current Transformers:
31 Earthing Cable Conductor: kcmil (mm²) No of: Class:
32
33 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS & REMARKS
34
35 1. See NOC Specification L.24 - Power Line Reactors
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
Revision No./Date 0
Prepared by/Date
Authorised by/Date
Purpose
(C) 1999 NATIONAL OIL CORPORATION. The information on this sheet may be used only for the purpose for which it is supplied by NOC.
K:\nocspecs\SPECIFICATIONS\l-series\l-24\dl2401r0.xls Sheet1
 DATA SHEET No.

POWER LINE REACTOR

P.O. / CONTRACT No.
CLIENT
PLANT LOCATION SHEET 2 of 2
SERVICE ITEM No. No. of UNITS
INFORMATION FROM VENDOR / CONTRACTOR

1 VENDOR / CONTRACTOR
2
3 Insulation Levels:-
4
5
6
7
8 Reactance at Rated Load ( Principal Tapping): %
9
10 Impedance Voltage (Principal Tapping):
11 Sound Pressure Level (@ 1 metre): dB(A)
12 Insulation Class:- HV:
13
14
15
16
17 No-Load Loss:
18 No-Load Current:
19 Load Loss:
20
21
22 Short-Circuit Impedance:
23 Partial Discharge Level:
24 Efficiency at UPF (Principal Tapping):
25 at Rated Load: % Rated Load =
26 Rated A, V AC/DC)
27
28
29
30 Type of Cooling Liquid: Breakdown Voltage: .kV
31 Weight of Core, windings and Terminals: lb (kg)
32 Weight of Tank and Fittings: lb (kg)
33 Weight of Oil: lb (kg)
34 Total Weight including Oil: lb (kg)
35 Quantity of Oil: gals (litres)
36 Overall Length: feet (m)
37 Overall Width: feet (m)
38 Overall Height: feet (m)
39 Thickness of Tank Base: in (mm)
40 Thickness of Tank Walls: in (mm)
41 Thickness of Tank Cover: in (mm)
42 Thickness of Tube Walls: in (mm)
43
44
45
Revision No./Date 0
Prepared by/Date
Authorised by/Date
Purpose
(C) 1999 NATIONAL OIL CORPORATION. The information on this sheet may be used only for the purpose for which it is supplied by NOC.
K:\nocspecs\SPECIFICATIONS\l-series\l-24\dl2401r0.xls Sheet2