Steel Composite I Girder Bridge Design in LSM by IRC Code

Structural Design of Steel Composite I Girder Bridge
Developed by Sukalyan Sarkar

Date: 05-10-22 Note No.
By: SLS Sheet No.

0.0 Structural Design of Steel Composite I Girder Bridge
0.1 Basis:
Basic design criteria have been prepared with a view to satisfy all the relevant technical requirements specified in the contract.
0.2 Structure Description:
The Bridge consists of 3 span seel girder bridge 50 m c/c each over RCC Pier with cantilever pier caps & abutments.
0.3 Material:
a) Grades of concrete are as follows:

i) Foundation =M35
ii) Substructure =M35
iii) Superstructure Deck = M40
iv) Pedestal, crash barrier =M40
b) Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
c) Grade of Structural Steel = E410 BO
0.4 Loads:
a) Unit Weight of Materials:
i) Unit weight of RCC substructure & foundation = 25 kN/m3

ii) Unit weight of Structural steel = 78.5 kN/m3
iii) Unit weight of Wearing course = 22 kN/m3
iv) Unit weight of Earth = 19 kN/m3
b) Dead Load (DL):
Self weight of Steel composite girder have been considered for design of superstructure. In addition of self weight of superstructure,
self weight of substructure & foundation have also been considered in design of substructure & foundation respectively.
c)Super Imposed Dead Load (SIDL):
Weight of wearing course, crash barriers have been calculated.
d) Live Load (LL):
As per IRC : 6 :2014, Live loads on two lane carriageway superstructure are as follows:
i) 1 Lane of Class A +One lane of 70R tracked
or ii) 1 Lane of Class A +One lane of 70R wheeled
or iii)Three lane class-A , whichever governs
iv) Single lane of 70R Tracked
OR
Special vehicle SPV as per IRC guidelines
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e) Impact (IL):
Impact factor of live load has been calculated as per IRC: 6-2014
f) Centrifugal Force (CF)
The centrifugal forces shall be determined from the following equation:

C = WV2/(127R)
C = Centrifugal force acting normal to the traffic.
W= Live Load
V = Design Speed (km/hr)
R = Radius of Curvature (meters)
g) Earth Pressure (EP) :
Value of f for backfill= 30 deg

Value of d of backfill= 20 deg
Active earth pressure Co-efficient shall be calculated as per Coulomb’s formula.
h) Braking Force (BF)
Braking has been calculated as per IRC: 6-2014

Braking force = 0.20 x First vehicle + 0.1 x Succeeding Vehicles for Two lane Carriageway
+ 0.05 x Vehicles on each excess lane Carriageway
i) Seismic Load (EQ)
Earthquake Loads has been calculated as per IS:1893 and IRC: 6-2014. Project is located in earthquake
zone IV. Horizontal seismic forces has been computed as per clause no. 219.2 of IRC : 6-2014 for zone IV .
z = zone factor = For Zone IV = 0.24 I = Importance factor = 1.20
R = Response Reduction factor = 2.50 Sa/g = 2.50
j) Wind Load (WL)
Wind Loads shall be calculated as per clause 209 of IRC: 6-2014.
k) Water current force (Fwc)
Water current force is calculated as per clause no. 210 of IRC:6-2014 based on design hydrology for
the particular bridge.
l) Buoyancy (Gb)
Buoyancy is calculated as per clause no. 213 of IRC:6-2014 for water at HFL.
At HFL condition, earth pressure shall be reduced due to submerged unit wt of earth, dead load
of sub-structure & foundation.
m) Load Combination (LC)
As per Annex B of IRC:6-2014, the following load combination shall be considered for design
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Load Combination - Ultimate limit state
1) Dead load +SIDL+Live load

2) Dead load +SIDL+ wind load (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(lead) + wind load (accompany) (loaded structure)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(accompany) + wind load(lead) (loaded structure)
5) Dead load +SIDL+construction Live load(leading) + wind load(accompany)
Load Case DL SIDL Live load Wind load

1 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 (b) 1 1 1.5
3 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.9
3 (b) 1 1 1.5 0.9
4 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.15 1.5
4 (b) 1 1 1.15 1.5
5 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.35 0.9
5 (b) 1 1 1.35 0.9
Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)
1) Dead load +SIDL

2) Dead load +SIDL+wind load(lead) (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(lead)+wind load (accompany)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(accompany)+wind load (lead)
5) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(lead)+Temperature(accompany)
6) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(accompany)+Temperature(lead)
Temperatu
re
1(a) 1 1.2
1(b) 1 1
2 (a) 1 1.2 1
2 (b) 1 1 1
3 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.6
3 (b) 1 1 1 0.6
4 (a) 1 1.2 0.75 1
4 (b) 1 1 0.75 1
5 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.6
5 (b) 1 1 1 0.6
6 (a) 1 1.2 0.75 1
6 (b) 1 1 0.75 1
Load Combination for frequent Combination (SL2)
1) Dead load +SIDL

2) Dead load +SIDL+wind load(lead) (unloaded structure)
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Temperatu
re
1(a) 1 1.2
1(b) 1 1
2 (a) 1 1.2 0.6
2 (b) 1 1 0.6
3 (a) 1 1.2 0.75 0.5
3 (b) 1 1 0.75 0.5
4 (a) 1 1.2 0.2 0.6
4 (b) 1 1 0.2 0.6
5 (a) 1 1.2 0.75 0.5
5 (b) 1 1 0.75 0.5
6 (a) 1 1.2 0.2 0.6
6 (b) 1 1 0.2 0.6
Load Combination for Quasi-permanent (SL3)
1) Dead load +SIDL

2) Dead load +SIDL+Temperature (lead)
Temperatu
re
1 1 1.2
2 (a) 1 1.2 0.5
2 (b) 1 1 0.5
0.5 Arrangement:
The total length of Bridge is 150 m (3 x 50 m). Steel Girder over RCC piers/abutments and cantilever pier caps on RCC pile
foundation. For three lane bridge with footpath, total width of carriageway is 13 m and total width of deck slab is 16 m. POT-PTFE
bearing and metalic guide bearing has been proposed to protect the superstructure from live load breaking, centrifugal force and
seismic.
0.6 Analysis:
All analysis and design has been carried out using MIDAS Civil software.
SIDL, Live load have been done by MIDAS software Calculation of deflection has been done
by software. Forces & moment and design of abutment & its foundations have
been done by excel spreadsheet.
0.7 Construction Methodology:
Foundation
For abutment and pier location, Pile foundation shall be provided.
Substructure
RCC cast-in-situ pier and abutment shall be cast over pile cap. The pedestal and seismic restrainer shall be cast over pier cap .Pot cun
PTFE shall be placed over pedestal before erection of steel girder.
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Superstructure
All steel besm shall be erected at bearing level by launcing nose a.
0.8 Reference codes & books:
1) IRC: 5-1998
2) IRC: 6-2014
3) IRC: 22-2008
4) IRC: 78-2014
5) IRC: 112-2012
6) IRC: 24-2010
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2.0 General Design Inputs
A Details of Span
Centre to centre distance of pier = 50.00 m

Distance between c/l of bearing end of girder = 0.50 m
Distance between c/l of bearing and c/l of expansion joint = 0.85 m
Effective Span of Girder = 48.30 m
Deck slab overhang over pier = 1.00 m
B Details of Cross Section
Width of carriage way = 9.00 m

Width of Footpath = 1.50 m
Width of crash barrier = 0.50 m
Width of Railing = 0.50 m
Total Deck width = Width of carriage way + Width of Footpath + 2 * Width of crash barrier + Width of Railing
= ++2*+
= 12.00 m
Number of Longitudinal steel girder = 4.00 Nos
Thickness of Deck Slab = 0.25 m
Thickness of haunch = 0.10 m
Thickness of wearing coat 0.065 m
C Spacing of main girders .cross girders and location of splice point
Spacing of longitudinal girder = 3.00 m

Average cantilever length in transverse direction = (Total Deck width - (Number of Longitudinal steel girder - 1) *
Spacing of longitudinal girder) / 2
= (+-(-1)*)/2
= 1.50 m
No of cross girders = 11.00 Nos
Spacing of cross girder = Effective Span of Girder / (No of cross girder - 1)
= +/(-1)
= 4.83 m
Spacing of vertical stiffener = 1.80 m
Location splice point from left end = 8.76 m
Location of Splice point from right end = 8.76 m
D Detail of Outer Longitudinal Steel Girder
Top Flange
Width of top flange at mid span = 550.00 mm

Thickness of top flange at mid span = 32.00 mm
Width of Top flange at support = 550.00 mm
Thickness of top flange at support = 28.00 mm
Web
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Depth of web at mid span = 2750.00 mm

Thickness of web at mid span = 18.00 mm
Depth of web after curtailment of flange thickness = 2750.00 mm
Thickness of web after curtailment of flange thickness = 18.00 mm
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Depth of web at support =

Depth of web at mid span + Thickness of top flange at mid span + Thickness of bottom flange at
mid span - Thickness of top flange at support - Thickness of bottom flange at support
= +++--
= 2762.00 mm
Thickness of web at support = 18.00 mm
Bottom Flange
Width of bottom flange at mid span = 850.00 mm

Thickness of bottom flange at mid span = 36.00 mm
Width of bottom flange at support = 850.00 mm
Thickness of bottom flange at support = 28.00 mm
E Detail of Inner Longitudinal Steel Girder
TOP Flange
Width of top flange at mid span = 550.00 mm

Thickness of top flange at mid span = 32.00 mm
Width of Top flange at support = 550.00 mm
Thickness of top flange at support = 28.00 mm
Web

Depth of web after curtailment of flange thickness = 2750.00 mm
Thickness of web after curtailment of flange thickness = 18.00 mm
Depth of web at support =
Depth of web at mid span + Thickness of top flange at mid span + Thickness of bottom flange at
mid span - Thickness of top flange at support - Thickness of bottom flange at support
= +++--
= 2762.00 mm
Thickness of web at support = 18.00 mm
Bottom Flange
Width of bottom flange at mid span = 850.00 mm

Width of bottom flange at support = 850.00 mm
Thickness of bottom flange at support = 28.00 mm
F Details of End Cross Girder
Width of Top flange at span = 350.00 mm

Thickness of top flange at mid span = 18.00 m
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Width of Bottom Flane at Mid span = 350.00 mm

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G Details of Intermediate Cross Girder
Two no of channel at top and bottom ISMC 125 X50

Area of Each member = a = 32.82 cm2
Unit weight = w = 25.40 Kg/m
Moment of Inertia = Ixx = Iyy = 832.80 cm4
Depth of Neutral Axis = Cxx = 5.00 cm
Radius of Gyration along x-x = rxx = 5.07 cm
Radius of Gyration along y-y = ryy = 3.51 cm
H Density of structural Member
Density of RCC = 25.00 kN/m3

Density of wearing coat = 22.00 kN/m3
Density of Steel = 78.50 kN/m3
Thickness of wearing coat considering future overlay = 0.10 m
Depth of Neutral Axis = Cxx = 5.00 cm
Radius of Gyration along x-x = rxx = 5.07 cm
Radius of Gyration along y-y = ryy = 3.51 cm
I Material Data
Grade of Steel conforming to IS :2062 = E410 BO 540

Grade of Concrete of Deck Slab = M40
Grade of HYSD bar =Fe 500
Creep factor for long term loading [Cl.604.2.4 of IRC 222-2008] = 0.50
Short term Elastic Modulus of concrete [Cl 303.1 of IRC 21-2008] Ecs = 5270*(fck)^0.5
= 5270*()^0.5
= 33330.41 N/mm2
Long term Elastic Modulus of concrete [Ecl = 0.5Ecs] = /2
= 16665.20 N/mm2
Elastic Modulus of Steel Es [Cl 502.2.2.1 of IRC 24-2010] = 200000 N/mm2
Short term modular ratio for transient loading = ms = Max (Es / Ecs, 7.5)
= MAX(/,7.5)
= 7.5
Long term modular ratio for transient loading = ml = Max (Es / Ecl, 15)
= MAX(/,15)
= 15 [Cl 604.2.4 of IRC 22-2008]
J Basic permissible Stress
Plate thickness = <20 mm >20mm Unit

Maximum guranteed Yeild Stress = fy = 410 390 N/mm2
Bending Stress in steel girder = 0.62 fy = 254.2 241.8 N/mm2
Average Shear stress steel girder = 0.35 fy = 143.5 136.5 N/mm2
Bearing stress in Flat Surface = 0.8 fy = 328 312 N/mm2
Equivalent Stress in steel girder = 0.92 fy = 377.2 358.8 N/mm2
Shear stress in shop fillet weld [Cl 502.2.2.1 of IRC 24-2010] = fy / √3 = 236.71361 225.166605 N/mm2
Shear stress in power driven field rivets = 0.40 fy = 164 156 N/mm2
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Bearing stress in power driven field rivets = 0.90fy = 369 351 N/mm2
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K Concrete Details (IRC: 112-2011)
Grade of Concrete = M40

Modulus of Elasticity, Ecm = fck^0.5 * 33346 / (fck of deck slab)^0.5
= ^0.5*33346/()^0.5
= 33346 Mpa
Lower Fractile tension, fctm = 2.12 Mpa
Material Safety factor, ym = 1.5
Unit weight of concrete = 25 kN/m3
Mean concrete strength, fcm = 50 Mpa
Mean Tensile Strength, fctm = 3.03 Mpa
Upper Fractile tensile, fctm 95 = 3.94 Mpa
Design concrete strength, fcd = 17.87 Mpa
Coefficient of thermal expansion = 0.000012
Permissible compressive stress at rare combination of load = 19.2 Mpa
Permissible Tensile stress at rare combination of load =
Permissible compressive stress at rare combination of load * 0.75
= +*0.75
= 14.4 Mpa
L Others
Type of Bearing = Pot Cum PTFE

Seismic Zone = Zone IV
Seismic Horizontal Coefficient= 0.12
Seismic Vertical Coefficient = 0.08
Compressive stress is represented by +ve sign
Tensile stress is represented by -Ve sign
M Sketches
12.000
0.50 9.000 0.50 1.500 0.500
65 thk w/c
0.250
2.750 G1 G2 G3 G4
1.500 3.000 3.000 3.000 1.500
Section X-X
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Center of
Symmetry
2.750 2.750
0.85 48.30
50.00
0.500
Section Y-Y
1.5
Y Y
Longitudinal girder
= 3.00
12.000
3
3
Cross Girder
1.5
X
0.850 48.30
50.00
Plan
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# Calculation of Load
A Dead Load During Construction
Dead Load will be carried by beam acting alone with no composite action
Steel Girder Alone
Unit weight of structural steel = 78.5 kN/m3

Cross sectional area of girder (Near Mid span) = 0.09752 m2
Considering 20% extra for stiffener and splices,
Self weight of girder at Mid span = 1.2 * Cross sectional area of girder (Near Mid span) * Unit weight of structural steel
= 1.2**
= 9.186 kN/m
Steel Cross Girder
Cross Sectional area of girder = 0.034736 m2

Self weight of cross girder with 20% = 1.2 * Unit weight of structural steel * Cross Sectional area of girder
= 1.2**
= 3.272 kN/m
Length of cross girder for external girder = Length of cross girder for internal girder / 2
= +/2
= 1.5 m
Length of cross girder for internal girder = 3m
Weight of external cross girder = Self weight of cross girder with 20% * Length of cross girder for external girder
= *
= 4.91 kN
Weight of internal cross girder = Self weight of cross girder with 20% * Length of cross girder for internal girder
= *
= 9.82 kN
Cast-in-situ deck slab near span
Unit weight of green concrete = 25.00 kN/m3

Area of deck for external girder = (Length of cross girder for external girder + Length of cross girder for internal girder / 2) * (Thickness of Deck
Slab) + (Width of top flange at mid span including haunch thickness + Width of top flange at mid span) / 2 *
Thickness of haunch
= (+/2)*(= 0.25)+(0.750+0.550)/2*0.100
= 0.82 m2
Load from deck to girder = Area of deck for external girder * Unit weight of green concrete
= *
= 20.38 kN/m
Eccentric Load = (Length of cross girder for external girder + Length of cross girder for internal girder / 2) * Unit weight of green concrete *
Thickness of Deck Slab
= (+/2)**= 0.25
= 18.75 kN/m
Eccentricity = Length of cross girder for internal girder / 2 - Length of cross girder for external girder
= /2-
= 0.00 m
Torsion developed due to eccentricity = Eccentric Load * Eccentricity
= *
= 0.00 kNm/m
Area of deck for internal girder =

Length of cross girder for internal girder * Thickness of Deck Slab + (Width of top flange at mid span
including haunch thickness + Width of top flange at mid span) / 2 * Thickness of haunch
= *= 0.25+(0.750+0.550)/2*0.100
= 0.82 m2
Load from deck to girder = Area of deck for internal girder * Unit weight of green concrete
= *
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= 20.38 kN/m
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Cast-in-situ deck slab near support
Unit weight of green concrete = 25.00 kN/m3

Area of deck for external girder =
(Max Cant. span of deck slab + Spacing of longitudinal girder / 2) * Thickness of deck slab + (Width of top
flange at mid span including haunch thickness + Width of top flange at mid span) / 2 * Thickness of haunch
= (1.500+3.000/2)*0.250+(0.550+0.750)/2*0.100
= 0.82 m2
Load from deck to girder = Area of deck for external girder * Unit weight of green concrete
= *
= 20.38 kN/m
Eccentric Load = Length of cross girder for internal girder * Unit weight of green concrete * Thickness of Deck Slab
= **= 0.25
= 18.75 kN/m
Eccentricity = 0.00 m
Torsion developed due to eccentricity = Eccentric Load * Eccentricity
= *
= 0.00 kNm/m
Area of deck for internal girder = Length of cross girder for internal girder * Thickness of Deck Slab
= +*= 0.25
= 0.75 m2
Load from deck to girder = Area of deck for internal girder * Unit weight of green concrete
= *
= 18.75 kN/m
B Construction Stage Live load with Shuttering
Live load during construction = 0.5 kN/m2

Construction live load on external girder = Length of cross girder for external girder + Length of cross girder for internal girder /
2) * Live load during construction
= (+/2)*
= 1.5 kN/m
Construction live load on internal girder = Length of cross girder for internal girder * Live load during construction
= +*
= 1.5 kN/m
Shuttering Load on each girder = 1.5 kN/m
Total load on external girder = Construction live load on internal gider + Shuttering Load on each girder
= +
= 3 kN/m
Total load on internal girder = Construction live load on internal gider + Shuttering Load on each girder
= +
= 3 kN/m
C Super Imposed Dead Load
Wearing Coat
Weight of wearing course- per m
Unit weight of wearing course = 22 kN/m3

Thickness of wearing course including overlay = 0.065 m
Width Weight Lever arm

Outer girder G1 = 2.500 m 3.575 kN/m 0.250 m
Inner girder G2 = 3.0 m 4.290 kN/m 0m
Inner girder G3 = 3.0 m 4.290 kN/m 0m
Outer girder G4 = 2.500 m 3.575 kN/m 0.25 m
Width of G1 = Spacing of longitudinal girder / 2 + (Max Cant. span of deck slab + 1.5) / 2 - Width of crash barrier
= 3.000/2+(1.500+1.500)/2-0.50
Weight = Width * Thickness of wearing course including overlay * Unit weight of wearing course
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Lever arm = Spacing of longitudinal girder / 2 - Width / 2
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For Outer Girder
beff = 2.5 m
Unit weight of concrete = 22 kN/m3
Considering future overlay thickness of wearing course = 0.065 m
Weight of wearing course over outer girder = beff * Unit weight of concrete * Weight of wearing course over outer girder
= **
= 3.575 kN/m
CG from outer Girder = -0.250 m
Moment outer girder LG1 = Weight of wearing course over outer girder * CG from outer Girder
= *
= -0.894 kNm/m
For Outer Girder
Width of wearing course over outer girder = 2.5 m

Weight of wearing coat over outer girder = Width of wearing course over outer girder * Unit weight of concrete * Considering
future overlay thickness of wearing course
= **
= 3.575 kN/m
CG from outer girder = 1.25 m
Moment outer girder = Weight of wearing coat over outer girder * CG from outer girder
=*
= 4.469 kNm/m
For Inner Girder
beff = 3m
Weight of wearing course over inner girder = beff * Unit weight of concrete * Thickness of haunch
= **0.100
= 6.6 kN/m
CG for Inner Girder = 0m
D SIDL Crash Barrier per m
Unit weight of concrete = 25.00 kN/m3 150 50 200

50
Weight Lever arm Moment
Sl No Area Calculation Area (m2) 200
(KN) (m) (KN-m) g
a 0.45x0.165 0.074 1.856 0.225 0.418
b 1/2x(0.5+0.25)x0.05 0.019 0.469 0.033 0.016 500 f
c (0.5+0.25)x0.2 0.150 3.750 0.150 0.563 j c
d 0.25x0.05 0.013 0.313 0.275 0.086 d
e 1/2x0.25x0.15 0.019 0.469 0.350 0.164 250
e b
f 1/2x0.5x0.05 0.013 0.313 0.267 0.083 450
g
g 0.100 0.150 0.015
Total 0.287 7.269 1.344 165 a
Weight = Unit weight of concrete * Area 450

Moment = Weight * Lever arm ***All dimensions are in mm
Total load of crash barrier = 7.269 kN/m

Say, = 7.5 kN/m
Lever arm = Total moment / Total weight
=/
= 0.185 m from outer face
Distance from outer girder LG1 = (Max Cant. span of deck slab + 1.5) / 2 - Lever arm - 0.05
= (1.500+1.500)/2 -0.185-0.05
= 1.265 m
Moment from outer girder LG1 = Total load of crash barrier * Distance from outer girder LG1
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= *
= 9.488 kN/m/m
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Distance from outer girder LG4 = -0.5-Lever arm

= (1.500+1.500)/2 -0.5-1.5-0.185-0.05
= -0.5-
= -0.685 m
Moment from outer girder LG4 = Total load of crash barrier * Distance from outer girder LG4
= *
= -5.137 kN/m/m
Dead load of Footpath per m
Thickness of footpath finish = 100 mm

Unit weight = 22 kN/m3
Dead Load of footpath at each side= Width of footpath * Thickness of footpath finish / 1000 * Unit weight
= 1.5x20/1000x22
= 3.3 kN/m
Distance from outer girder LG4 = (Min Cant. span of deck slab + 1.5) / 2 - Width of railing - Width of footpath / 2
= (1.500+1.500)/2 -0.5-1.5/2
= 0.250 m
Moment from outer girder LG4 = Dead Load of footpath at each side * Distance from outer girder LG4
= *
= 0.825 kN/m/m
Weight of Railing per m
Dead Load of 3 nos.railing at each side = 0.175 * 0.2 * 3 * Unit weight of concrete
= 0.175x0.2x3x25 = 2.625 kN/m
Kerb = 0.25 * 0.5 * Unit weight of concrete
= 0.25x0.5x25 = 3.125 kN/m
Dead Load of post = 0.25 * 0.25 * 1.15 * Unit weight of concrete / 1.5
0.25x0.25x1.15x25/1.5 = 1.198 kN/m
Total = 6.948 kN/m
Say, = 7.0 kN/m
Distance from outer girder LG4 = (Min Cant. span of deck slab + 1.5) / 2 - Width of railing / 2
= (1.500+1.500)/2 -0.5/2
= 1.25 m
Moment from outer girder LG4 = Total weight of railing per metre * Distance from outer girder LG4
= *
= 8.75 kN/m/m
E Pedestrian Live Load
Intensity of Pedestrian Live Load Calculation
P = (P/-260 +4800/L)(16.5-W)/15
P/ = Live load in kg/cm2 as per sub clause 209.1 of IRC: 6 = 500 kg/cm2
P= Live load in kg/cm 2
L= Effective Span of main girder in m = 48.3 m

W= Width of footpath in m = 1.5 m
P= (-260+4800/)*(16.5-)/15
= 339.379 kg/cm2
Hence pedestrian Live Load = P*W
= */100
= 5.091 kN/m
CG form the extreme end for footpath side stringer = 0.15 m
Torsion Due to eccentricity = P * W * CG form the extreme end for footpath side stringer
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= *
= 0.764 kN/m/m
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F Snow load
As per clause no. 221 of IRC:6-2014, a) 0.25m ht of snow load to be added over 70R wheeled loading
b) 0.5m ht of snow load to be added over 70R tracked loading
Case-1 For 70R Wheeled loading, udl on Girder = deck width * 0.25 * 10 = 7.50 7.50 7.50 kN/m
Case-2 For 70R Tracked loading, udl on Girder = deck width * 0.5 * 10 = 15.00 15.00 15.00 kN/m
G Wind Load as per Clause 209 .3.7 of IRC:6-2014
As per clause 209.3.7 the bridges shall not be considered to be carrying any live load
when the wind speed at deck level exceeds 36m/s.
Vb = design wind speed at any height = 50 m/s

Tranverse wind Force, FT = PZxA1xGxCD
Longitudinal wind Force, FL = 25% of FT
Vertical wind Force, FV = PZxA3xGxCL
Span (c/c of exp gap) = 50.00 m
Overall width = 12.00 m
Depth of superstructure = Depth of web at mid span + Thickness of bottom flange at mid span + Thickness of top flange at mid span + Thickness of
haunch + Thickness of Deck Slab
= 2.750+0.036+0.032+0.100+0.250
= 3.17 m
where, Pz = The design wind pressure at the location of the bridge.
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation.
= Span (c/c of exp gap) * (Depth of superstructure + Thickness of wearing coat considering future overlay + 1.05)
= *(+= 0.10+1.05)
= 215.900 sqm
A3 = Plan area of the Superstructure
= Span (c/c of exp gap) * Overall width
= 50x12
= 600.000 sqm
Type of Superstructure : Single beam/Box girder
b/d ratio for the Superstructure = Overall width / Depth of superstructure
= 12/3.168
= 3.8
CD = Drag coefficient for the Superstructure = 1.41
(For slab bridge, CD =1.1, For Single beam/Box girder, CD =1.5 for b/d<=2.0, CD =1.3 for b/d>=6.0 and inbetween interpolated CD to be
considered)
G = Gust Factor (If Span<=150, G=2, Otherwise Wind tunnel testing required) = 2.0
CL = Lift coefficient = 0.75
H Wind load on Unloaded structure
a) Wind load on Superstructure

Bridge situated in Plain Terrain
As per note no. 5 of cl no. 209 of IRC :6-2014, wind pressure shall be increased by 20 %
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Wind Speed & design wind pressure for Basic wind speed of 33 m/s Wind speed & design wind pr. for Basic wind speed of 55m/s
Plain Terrain Terrain with Obstructions Plain Terrain

H (m) H (m) Terrain with Obstructions
Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2)
10 27.8 463.7 17.8 190.5 < 10 77.2 1288.1 49.4 529.2
15 29.2 512.5 19.6 230.5 15 81.1 1423.6 54.4 640.3
20 30.3 550.6 21 265.3 20 84.2 1529.4 58.3 736.9
30 31.4 590.2 22.8 312.2 30 87.2 1639.4 63.3 867.2
50 33.1 659.2 24.9 370.4 50 91.9 1831.1 69.2 1028.9
60 33.6 676.3 25.6 392.9 60 93.3 1878.6 71.1 1091.4
70 34.0 693.6 26.2 412.8 70 94.4 1926.7 72.8 1146.7
80 34.4 711.2 26.9 433.3 80 95.6 1975.6 74.7 1203.6
90 34.9 729.0 27.5 454.2 90 96.9 2025.0 76.4 1261.7
100 35.3 747.0 28.2 475.6 100 98.1 2075.0 78.3 1321.1
Average Height of superstructure = 15 m

Lower bound Height = 15 m Pz = 1423.6 N/m2
Upper bound Height = 15 m Pz = 1423.6 N/m2
Pz = The design wind pressure at the bridge location for h = 15.000 m = Pz * (1 + increment % / 100) if Lower bound Pz =
Upper bound Pz
= Lower bound Pz + (Upper bound Pz - Lower bound Pz) / (Upper bound height - Lower bound height) * (Average Height of superstructure -
Lower bound height) * (1 + increment % / 100) if Lower bound Pz ≠ Upper bound Pz
= IF(=,,+(-)/(-)*(-))*(1+/100)
= 1708.3 N/m2
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation = 136.8 sqm
A3 = Plan area of the Superstructure = 1152.0 sqm
Summary of wind Force on superstructure:
Tranverse wind Force, FT = Pz * A1 * G * CD
= ***/1000
= 659.3 kN
Vertical wind Force, FV = Pz * A3 * G * CL
= ***/1000
= 2952 kN
Longitudinal wind Force, FL = FT * 0.25
= *0.25
= 164.8 kN
UDP = Pz * G * CL
= **/1000
= 2.56 kN/m2
UDL on girder = UDP * deck width:
Outer udl = 7.69 kN/m
Inner udl = 7.69 kN/m
I Wind load on loaded structure
a) Wind load on Superstructure

Bridge situated in Plain Terrain
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Wind Speed & design wind pressure for Basic wind speed of 33 m/s Wind speed & design wind pr. for Basic wind speed of 36m/s
Plain Terrain Terrain with Obstructions Plain Terrain Terrain with Obstructions
H (m) H (m)
Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2)
10 27.8 463.7 17.8 190.5 < 10 33.08 551.84 21.18 226.71
15 29.2 512.5 19.6 230.5 15 34.75 609.92 23.33 274.31
20 30.3 550.6 21 265.3 20 36.06 655.26 24.99 315.73
30 31.4 590.2 22.8 312.2 30 37.37 702.39 27.13 371.54
50 33.1 659.2 24.9 370.4 50 39.39 784.50 29.63 440.81
60 33.6 676.3 25.6 392.9 60 39.99 804.85 30.47 467.58
70 34.0 693.6 26.2 412.8 70 40.46 825.44 31.18 491.27
80 34.4 711.2 26.9 433.3 80 40.94 846.39 32.01 515.66
90 34.9 729 27.5 454.2 90 41.53 867.57 32.73 540.54
100 35.3 747 28.2 475.6 100 42.01 888.99 33.56 566.00
Average Height of superstructure = 15 m

Lower bound Height = 15 m Pz = 609.9 N/m2
Upper bound Height = 15 m Pz = 609.9 N/m2
Pz = The design wind pressure at the bridge location for h = 15.000 m = Pz * (1 + increment % / 100) if Lower bound Pz =
Upper bound Pz
= Lower bound Pz + (Upper bound Pz - Lower bound Pz) / (Upper bound height - Lower bound height) * (Average Height of superstructure -
Lower bound height) * (1 + increment % / 100) if Lower bound Pz ≠ Upper bound Pz
= IF(=,,+(-)/(-)*(-))*(1+/100)
= 731.9 N/m2
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation = 215.90 sqm
A3 = Plan area of the Superstructure = 600.00 sqm
Summary of wind Force on superstructure:
Tranverse wind Force FT = Pz * A1 * G * CD
= ***/1000
= 445.8 kN
Vertical wind Force FV = Pz * A3 * G * CL
= ***/1000
= 658.7 kN
Longitudinal wind Force FL = FT * 0.25
= *0.25
= 111.5 kN
UDP = Pz * G * CL
= **/1000
= 1.098 kN/m2
UDL on girder = UDP * deck width:
Inner udl = 3.29 kN/m
J Footpath Live Load- per m
As per Cl. No. 206.3(b) of IRC:6-2014, 7.5m > L (Span length) < 30m
Where, P= P/ - (40L - 300) / 9
P=/
500 Kg/m2
L= 30.00 m
W= 1.5 m
P = -(40*-300)/9
= 400.0 Kg/m2
U.D.L. due to footpath live load at each side = P * W
= 400x1.5/100
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= 6.00 kN/m
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Distance from outer girder LG4 = (Min Cant. span of deck slab + 1.5) / 2 - Width of railing - Width of footpath / 2
= (1.500+1.500)/2 -0.5-1.5/2
= 0.250 m
K Live Loading
i) Single Lane 70-R Track Loading
0.84
2.06 2.9
0.84
0.914 0.914 0.914 0.914 0.914
4.57
3.656
Live Load Position in Plan
12.00
0.50 9.00 0.50 1.500 0.5
2.9
1.2 0.84 0.84
4.18
2.06
Live Load Position along Transverse Direction
70R Track loading have been divided by five concentrated loading

Total Vertical Load = 700 kN
Load at each units = Total Vertical Load / 10
= /10
= 70 kN
Impact Factor For L = 33.50 m = 10.00 %
Load at each units including impact = Load at each units * (1 + Impact Factor in % / 100)
= *(1+/100)
= 77 kN
ii) Single Lane 70-R Wheel Loading
170 170 170 170 120 120 80

1.37 3.05 1.37 2.13 1.52 3.96
13.4
Live Load Position
12.00
0.50 9.00 0.50 1.500 0.5
2.79
1.2 0.86 0.86
4.06
1.93
Live Load Position along Tranverse Direction
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As per Cl. No. 208.3 b(i) of IRC:6-2000,

Impact Factor For L = 33.50 m = 15.00 %
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One wheel load including impact for 8t = One wheel load * (1 + Impact Factor in % / 100) / 2
= *10*(1+/100)/2
= 46.00 kN
One wheel load including impact for 12 t = One wheel load * (1 + Impact Factor in % / 100) / 2
= *10*(1+/100)/2
= 69.00 kN
One wheel load including impact for 17 t = One wheel load * (1 + Impact Factor in % / 100) / 2
= *10*(1+/100)/2
= 97.75 kN
iii) Two Lane Class-A Loading
27 27 114 114 68 68 68 68
1.1 3.2 1.2 4.3 3.0 3.0 3.0
18.80
Live Load Position
12.00
0.50 9.00 0.50 1.500 0.5
0.4
1.8 1.7 1.8
2.70
6.20
Live Load Position along Tranverse Direction
As per Cl. No. 211.3 b(i) of IRC:6-2000,

Impact Factor For L = 33.50 m = 9 / (13.5 + L) * 100
= 9/(13.5+)*100
= 19.15 %
One wheel load including impact for 2.7 t = One wheel load * (1 + Impact Factor in % / 100) / 2
= *10*(1+/100)/2
= 16.09 kN
= *10*(1+/100)/2
= 67.91 kN
= *10*(1+/100)/2
= 40.51 kN
L Load Combination for Normal Combination


1 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 (b) 1 1 1.5
3 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.9
3 (b) 1 1 1.5 0.9
4 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.15 1.5
4 (b) 1 1 1.15 1.5
5 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.35 0.9
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5 (b) 1 1 1.35 0.9
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M Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)
1) Dead load +SIDL

2) Dead load +SIDL+ wind load(lead) (unloaded structure)
Load Case DL SIDL Live load Wind load Temperature

1(a) 1 1.2
1(b) 1 1
2 (a) 1 1.2 1
2 (b) 1 1 1
3 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.6
3 (b) 1 1 1 0.6
4 (a) 1 1.2 0.75 1
4 (b) 1 1 0.75 1
5 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.6
5 (b) 1 1 1 0.6
6 (a) 1 1.2 0.75 1
6 (b) 1 1 0.75 1
N Load Combination for Frequent Combination (SL2)
1) Dead load +SIDL

2) Dead load +SIDL+ wind load(lead) (unloaded structure)

1 1 1
2 1 1 1
3 1 1 1 0.6
4 1 1 0.75 1
O Calculation of Load due to Shrinkage and Temperature Gradient
A Outer Girder
(i) Computation of Stresses due to differential shrinkage modified by creep
Differential shrinkage occurs between the prefabricated steel girder and in-situ concrete deck slab and this results the development of internal stresses
Force developed due to restaint of deck Fi = hi*bi*E*ɸ*ԑds
The effect of differential shrinkage will be reduced by creep .Allowance is made for this in calculation by using a rdction coefficient ,ɸ
At Splice
At Mid Span Unit
point
Differential shrinkage strain [Cl .220.3 of IRC :6-2006] = ԑds = 0.0002 0.0002 ---
The Creep modification factor [Cl.604.2.4 of IRC 22-1986] = ɸ = 0.5 0.5 ---
Total height of the girder = 3.17 3.17 m
Distance of long term N.A from top of deck = 1.297 1.213 m
M.O.I. of Section = 0.2352 0.2105 m4
Area of the section = 0.152 0.134 m2
Long term Elastic modulus of concrete = 0.5 * Ecs = 1.67E+07 1.67E+07 kN/m2
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel = 2.00E+08 2.00E+08 kN/m2
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Long term section modulus at the top of slab = 0.181300286 0.173486152 m3

Long term section modulus at the top of girder = 0.248273217 0.243828977 m3
Long term section modulus at the bottom girder = 0.125757333 0.107670505 m3
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-0.002
1 0.25 h1 = 0.25 m
h2 = 0.10 m
2 0.10
Fig : Differential Shrinkage modified by creep
At Mid Section
h b E Force y from top e Moment

Segment
m m kN/m2 kN m m kNm
1 0.25 3.00 1.67E+07 -2499.78 0.125 1.172 -2930.92725
2 0.10 0.75 1.67E+07 -249.98 0.300 0.997 -249.347
Total = -2749.76 Total = -3180.27382
Force = -h * b * E * ɸ * 2 * ԑds
e = Distance of long term N.A from top of deck - y from top
Moment = Force * e
Final
Stress Due Stress Due to Final
Assumed End Equivalent
to Axial Release of Equivalent
Restrained concrete
Section Force Moment steel Stress
Stress
Eԑ -P/A -M/Z σ σ/m
kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2
At top of Deck Slab -40000.00 18107.99 17541.47159 -4350.539 -290.036
At Mid
Span At Bottom of Deck Slab -40000.00 18107.99 12809.57271 -9082.438 -605.496
At top of Girder 18107.99 12809.57271 30917.562

At Bottom of Girder 18107.99 -25288.97315 -7180.984
Assumed End Restrained = -ԑds * Modulus of Elasticity of Steel
Stress Due to Axial Force = Total Force / Area of the section
Stress Due to Release of Moment = Total Moment / Long term section modulus
Final Equivalent steel Stress = Assumed End Restrained + Stress Due to Axial Force + Stress Due to Release of Moment
Final Equivalent concrete Stress = Final Equivalent steel Stress / Long term modular ratio for transient loading
At Splice Section

Segment
1 0.25 3.00 1.67E+07 -2499.78 0.125 1.088 -2720.26917
2 0.10 0.75 1.67E+07 -249.98 0.300 0.913 -228.281
Total = -2749.76 Total = -2948.550
Force = -h * b * E * ɸ * 2 * ԑds
Moment = Force * e
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Final
Restrained concrete
Stress
At top of Deck Slab -40000.00 20508.14 16995.88063 -2495.981 -166.399
At Mid
Span At Bottom of Deck Slab -40000.00 20508.14 12092.69694 -7399.165 -493.278
At top of Girder 20508.14 12092.69694 32600.835

B Inner Girder
(i) Computation of Stresses due to differential shrinkage modified by creep
Differential shrinkage occurs between the prefabricated steel girder and in-situ concrete deck slab and this results the development of internal stresses
Force developed due to restaint of deck Fi = hi*bi*E*ɸ*ԑds
The effect of differential shrinkage will be reduced by creep .Allowance is made for this in calculation by using a rdction coefficient ,ɸ
At Splice
At Mid Span Unit
point
Differential shrinkage strain [Cl .220.3 of IRC :6-2006] = ԑds = 0.0002 0.0002
The Creep modification factor [Cl.604.2.4 of IRC 22-1986] = ɸ = 0.5 0.5
Total height of the girder = 3.17 3.17 m
Distance of long term N.A from top of deck = 1.660 1.580 m
M.O.I. of Section = 0.1037 0.0899 m4
Area of the section = 0.122 0.108 m2
Long term Elastic modulus of concrete = 0.5 * Ecs = 1.67E+07 1.67E+07 kN/m2
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel = 2.00E+08 2.00E+08 kN/m2
Long term section modulus at the top of slab = 0.115024471 0.109455905 m3
Long term section modulus at the top of girder = 0.187977597 0.190700659 m3
Long term section modulus at the bottom girder = 0.068781794 0.056609048 m3
-0.002
1 0.25 h1 = 0.25 m
h2 = 0.10 m
2 0.10
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Fig : Differential Shrinkage modified by creep
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At Mid Section

Segment
1 0.25 3.00 1.67E+07 -2499.78 0.125 1.535 -3836.76691
2 0.10 0.75 1.67E+07 -249.98 0.300 1.360 -339.931
Total = -2749.76 Total = -4176.69745
Force = -h * b * E * ɸ * 2 * ԑds
Moment = Force * e
Final
Restrained concrete
Stress
At top of Deck Slab -40000.00 22539.00 36311.38147 18850.386 1256.692
At Mid
Span At Bottom of Deck Slab -40000.00 22539.00 22219.12347 4758.128 317.209
At top of Girder 22539.00 22219.12347 44758.128

At Splice Section

Segment
1 0.25 3.00 1.67E+07 -2499.78 0.125 1.455 -3636.01272
2 0.10 0.75 1.67E+07 -249.98 0.300 1.280 -319.855
Total = -2749.76 Total = -3955.86783
Force = -h * b * E * ɸ * 2 * ԑds
Moment = Force * e
Final
Restrained concrete
Stress
At top of Deck Slab -40000.00 25430.59 36141.20082 21571.788 1438.119
At Mid
Span At Bottom of Deck Slab -40000.00 25430.59 20743.86029 6174.448 411.630
At top of Girder 25430.59 20743.86029 46174.448

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(ii) Computation of Stresses due to Rise in Temperature

At Splice
At Mid Span Unit
Point
Total Height of the girder = h= 3.168 3.17 m
Distance of short term N.A from top of deck = Yts = 1.423 1.35 m
M.O.I of the section = I= 0.126 0.1072 m4
Area of the Section = A= 0.177 0.1631 m2
Short term Elastic modulus of concrete = Ecs = 3.33E+07 3.33E+07 kN/m2
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel = Es = 2.00E+08 2.00E+08 kN/m2
Coefficient of Themal Expansion of Concrete = α= 1.17E-05 1.17E-05 ---
Short term section modulus at the top of slab = Zts = 0.190 0.181182942 m3
Short term section modulus at the top of girder = Ztg = 0.400 0.44338652 m3
Short term section modulus at the bottom of girder = Zb = 0.072 0.058979298 m3
19.25
1 4 0.210 h1 = 0.210 m
h2 = 0.040 m
2 3.70 h3 = 0.100 m
0.040 h4 = 0.028 m
3 2.96 h5 = 0.372 m
0.100
4 2.76 T1 = 19.25 0C
0.028 T2 = 4.00 0C
T3 = 0.00 0C
5
0.372
0.540
(As per Fig No 10(b) of IRC :6-2014)
At Mid Span
Average
h b E t Force Y form Top e Moment
Segment Temp
m m kN/m2 0
C 0
C kN m m kNm
1 0.210 3.000 3.33E+07 19.25 11.6 2856.012 0.082 1.341 3830.375
2 0.040 3.000 3.33E+07 4.00 3.9 180.251 0.230 1.193 215.122
3 0.100 0.750 3.33E+07 3.70 3.3 97.491 0.298 1.125 109.683
4 0.028 0.450 2.00E+08 2.96 2.9 84.302 0.364 1.059 89.308
5 0.372 0.016 2.00E+08 2.76 1.4 19.189 0.502 0.921 17.677
Force = h * b * E * Average Temp * α Total = 3237.246 Total = 4262.166
e = Yts - Y form Top
Moment = Force * e
At Splice Point
Average
Segment Temp
m m kN/m 2 0
C 0
C kN m m kNm
1 0.210 3.000 3.33E+07 19.25 11.6 2856.012 0.082 1.268 3620.873
2 0.040 3.000 3.33E+07 4.00 3.9 180.251 0.230 1.120 201.900
3 0.100 0.750 3.33E+07 3.70 3.3 97.491 0.298 1.052 102.532
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4 0.028 0.450 2.00E+08 2.96 2.9 84.302 0.364 0.986 83.124

5 0.372 0.016 2.00E+08 2.76 1.4 19.189 0.502 0.848 16.270
Total = 3237.246 Total = 4024.698
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Final
Final
Assuming End Stress Due to Release of Stress Due to Release of Equivalent
Equivalent
Restrained Axial Force Moment Concrete
Section Steel Stress
Stress
EαT -P/A -M/Z σ σ/m
At Top Deck Slab 45045.00 -18289.52 -22481.67 4273.81 569.84
At Mid At Top of Girder 6690.67 -18289.52 -10652.86 -22251.72
At Bottom of Girder 0.00 -18289.52 58968.10 40678.58
At Top Deck Slab 45045.00 -19844.82 -22213.45 2986.73 398.23
At Splice At Top of Girder 6690.67 -19844.82 -9077.18 -22231.33
At Bottom of Girder 0.00 -19844.82 68239.17 48394.35
Assuming End Restrained = Modulus of Elasticity of Steel * Coefficient of Themal Expansion of Concrete * Temperature
Stress Due to Release of Axial Force = Total Force / Area of the section
Stress Due to Release of Moment = Total Moment / Short term section modulus
Final Equivalent Steel Stress = Assuming End Restrained + Stress Due to Release of Axial Force + Stress Due to Release of Moment
Final Equivalent Concrete Stress = Final Equivalent Steel Stress / Short term modular ratio for transient loading
(ii) Computation of Stresses due to Fall in Temperature
-5.6
1 h1 = 0.21 m
0.210 h2 = 0.14 m
h3 = 0.028 m
0.140 h4 = 0.372 m
h5 = 2.386 m
h6 = 0.032 m
0.028
-0.6 T1 = -5.6 0C
0.372 T2 = 8 0C
-8
2.386
-8
0.032
-8
(As per Fig No 10(b) of IRC :6-2014)
At Mid Span
Average
Segment Temp
m m kN/m2 0
C 0
C kN m m kNm
1 0.210 3.000 3.33E+07 -5.60 -2.8 -687.900 0.070 1.353 -930.869
2 0.028 0.450 2.00E+08 -0.56 -0.3 -8.256 0.369 1.055 -8.706
3 0.372 0.016 2.00E+08 -8.00 -4.3 -59.610 0.618 0.805 -48.005
4 2.386 0.016 2.00E+08 -8.00 -8.0 -714.655 1.943 -0.520 371.474
5 0.032 0.700 2.00E+08 -8.00 -8.0 -419.328 3.152 -1.729 724.932
Force = h * b * E * Average Temp * α Total = -1889.748 Total = 108.825
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Moment = Force * e
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At Splice Point
Average
Segment Temp
m m kN/m 2 C
0 0
C kN m m kNm
1 0.210 3.000 3.33E+07 -5.60 -2.8 -687.900 0.070 1.280 -880.409
2 0.028 0.450 2.00E+08 -0.56 -0.3 -8.256 0.369 0.981 -8.100
3 0.372 0.016 2.00E+08 -8.00 -4.3 -59.610 0.618 0.732 -43.633
4 2.386 0.016 2.00E+08 -8.00 -8.0 -714.655 1.943 -0.593 423.897
5 0.032 0.700 2.00E+08 -8.00 -8.0 -419.328 3.152 -1.802 755.692
Force = h * b * E * Average Temp * α Total = -1889.748 Total = 247.448
Moment = Force * e
Fianl
Fianl
Assuming End Stress Due to Release of Stress Due to Release of Equivalent
Equivalent
Restrained Axail Force Moment Concrete
Section Steel Stress
Stress
EαT -P/A -M/Z σ σ/m
At Top Deck Slab -13104.00 10676.54 -574.02 -3001.48 -400.20
At Mid At Top of Girder 0.00 10676.54 -272.00 10404.55
At Bottom of Girder -18720.00 10676.54 1505.62 -6537.83
At Top Deck Slab -13104.00 11584.45 -1365.73 -2885.28 -384.70
At Splice At Top of Girder 0.00 11584.45 -558.09 11026.37
At Bottom of Girder -18720.00 11584.45 4195.50 -2940.05
Assuming End Restrained = Modulus of Elasticity of Steel * Coefficient of Themal Expansion of Concrete * Temperature
Stress Due to Release of Axial Force = Total Force / Area of the section
Stress Due to Release of Moment = Total Moment / Short term section modulus
Final Equivalent Steel Stress = Assuming End Restrained + Stress Due to Release of Axial Force + Stress Due to Release of Moment
Final Equivalent Concrete Stress = Final Equivalent Steel Stress / Short term modular ratio for transient loading
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5.0 Calculation of Stresses for Girder LG2 = 31.000 m Input in grey cells only
5.1. Load calculation
5.1.1 Dead Load Moment & Shear for Precast girder only
Unit weight of concrete = 25.00 kN/m3

Cross-sectional area at span = 1.410 m2
Cross-sectional area at support = 2.046 m2
Unit Weight at span = Cross-sectional area at span * Unit weight of concrete
*
= 35.25 kN/m
Unit Weight at support = Cross-sectional area at support * Unit weight of concrete
*
= 51.16 kN/m
Thickness of intermediate Cross Girder = 0.30 m
Thickness of end Cross Girder = 0.60 m
1.250 1.750 1.250
0.475 0.400
0.100 0.063
2.750 1.950 1.750
0.100
0.400
0.175 0.175
0.650 2.350 0.650
Part of intermediate cross girder = (Top flange width * (Girder depth - Bottom flange thickness) - (Cross-sectional area at span - Bottom flange width * Bottom flange
thickness)) * Thickness of intermediate Cross Girder * Unit weight of concrete
= {1.25x(2.75-0.4)-(1.41-0.65x0.4)}x0.3x25
= 13.41 kN
Part of End cross girder = (Top flange width * (Girder depth - Bottom flange thickness) - (Cross-sectional area at support - Bottom flange width * Bottom flange thickness)) *
Thickness of end Cross Girder * Unit weight of concrete
= {1.25x(2.75-0.4)-(2.05-0.65x0.4)}x0.6x25
= 17.27 kN
= 17.27 kN = 13.41 kN
51.16 51.16
35.25
0.500 0.000 0.000 30.000 0.000 0.000 0.500
0.500 30.000 0.500
31.000
Support Reaction = *(+)+0.5*(+)*+*/2+*0.5+

= 578.30 kN
Table : Maximum BM & SF at critical sections

Section At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Dist. for prop. Section(m) 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
Bending Moment (kNm) -6.395 1753.703 3018.097 3786.788 4059.777
Shear Force (kN) 535.453 535.453 271.078 138.891 6.703
BM at support = -*^2/2
= -6.395 kNm
BM Near L/8 =
(-)*-*(+)*(+-(+)/2)-(-)/2**(--/3)-*(-)^2/2
= 1753.703 kNm
BM Near L/4 =
(-)*-*(+)*(+-(+)/2)-(-)/2**(--/3)-*(-)^2/2
= 3018.097 kNm
BM Near 3L/8 =
(-)*-*(+)*(+-(+)/2)-(-)/2**(--/3)-*(-)^2/2
= 3786.788 kNm
BM Near L/2 =
(-)*-*(+)*(+-(+)/2)-(-)/2**(--/3)-*(-)^2/2
= 4059.777 kNm
43 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
SF at support = -(*)-
= 535.453 kN
SF Near L/8 = -*(+)-(+)/2*-
= 535.453 kN
SF Near L/4 = -*(+)-(+)/2*-*(--)-
= 271.078 kN
SF Near 3L/8 = -*(+)-(+/2)*-*(--)-
= 138.891 kN
SF Near L/2 = -*(+)-(+)/2*-*(--)-
= 6.703 kN
5.1.2 Construction load and weight of shuttering & proping.
Assume, Construction Live load = 0.500 kN/m2

Assume, UDL for weight of shuttering = 5.000 kN/m
Effective width of deck slab for end girder = 3.000 m
Weight of shuttering & Conc. Live load
= UDL for weight of shuttering + Construction Live load * Effective width of deck slab for end girder
+*
= 6.500 kN/m
6.500 kN/m
0.500 30.000 0.500
Support Reaction = *(+/2)

= 100.750 kN
Table : Maximum BM & SF at critical sections of outer girders

Distance (m) 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
Shear Force (kN) 97.500 73.125 48.750 24.375 0.000
BM at support = -0.5**^2
= -0.813 kNm
BM Near L/8 = ()*-0.5**(+)^2
= 319.109 kNm
BM Near L/4 = ()*-0.5**(+)^2
= 547.625 kNm
BM Near 3L/8 = ()*-0.5**(+)^2
= 684.734 kNm
BM Near L/2 = ()*-0.5**(+)^2
= 730.438 kNm
SF at support = -*
= 97.500 kN
SF Near L/8 = -*(+)
= 73.125 kN
SF Near L/4 = -*(+)
= 48.750 kN
SF Near 3L/8 = -*(+)
= 24.375 kN
SF Near L/2 = -*(+)
= 0.000 kN
5.1.3 Dead Load Moment & Shear for Deck slab & X-girder

Thickness of deck slab = 0.250 m2
Thickness of deck slab at expansion joint = 0.400 m
Width of deck slab at support = 3.000 m
Width of deck slab at midspan = 3.000 m
Average width of deck slab = (Width of deck slab at support + Width of deck slab at midspan) / 2
= (+)/2
= 3.000 m
Wt. of End X-girder =
(Length of cross girder * (Depth of long girder - Bottom flange depth)) * Thickness of end Cross Girder * Unit weight of concrete
= (1.75x(2.75-0.4))x0.6x25
= 61.688 kN
Wt of Inner X-girder = (Length of cross girder * (Depth of long girder - Bottom flange depth)) * Thickness of intermediate Cross Girder * Unit weight of
concrete
= (1.75x(2.75-0.4))x0.3x25
= 30.844 kN
44 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 61.688 = 30.844 = 61.688

0.55
18.750 11.25 kN/m
0.850 30.000 0.850
Deck slab UDL = Unit weight of concrete * Thickness of deck slab * Average width of deck slab
= **
= 18.750 kN/m
Support Reaction = *(+/2)++*0.5+*
= 380.484 kN

Distance (m) 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
Shear Force (kN) 296.672 226.359 156.047 85.734 15.422
BM at support = -0.5**^2-**(+-/2)
= -10.331 kNm
BM Near L/8 = (-)*-0.5**(+)^2-**(+-/2)
= 970.352 kNm
BM Near L/4 = (-)*-0.5**(+)^2-**(+-/2)
= 1687.364 kNm
BM Near 3L/8 = (-)*-0.5**(+)^2-**(+-/2)
= 2140.704 kNm
BM Near L/2 = (-)*-0.5**(+)^2-**(+-/2)
= 2330.372 kNm
SF at support = -*--*
= 296.672 kN
SF Near L/8 = -*(+)--*
= 226.359 kN
SF Near L/4 = -*(+)--*
= 156.047 kN
SF Near 3L/8 = -*(+)--*
= 85.734 kN
SF Near L/2 = -*(+)--*
= 15.422 kN
5.1.4 Summary of Bending Moment & Shear Force for inner girder
a) Bending Moment (kNm)

Description At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Distance (m) 0.0 3.8 7.5 11.3 15.0
Precast girder only -6.4 1753.7 3018.1 3786.8 4059.8
Construction load (outer girder) -0.8 319.1 547.6 684.7 730.4
Deck slab & X-girder -10.3 970.4 1687.4 2140.7 2330.4
Total wt of deck slab -16.7 2724.1 4705.5 5927.5 6390.1
SIDL from staad output -16.8 354.8 626.2 841.2 1033.9 STAAD
Removal of shutter 3.3 -246.4 -424.6 -531.6 -585.8 STAAD
Footpath live load -4.2 22.7 40.6 58.7 76.7 STAAD
Live load incl. snow load -230.4 1642.6 2605.6 2903.4 2856.1 STAAD
Total Live Load incl.snow load -234.6 1665.3 2646.2 2962.1 2932.8
Wind load (unloaded structure) 3.2 -240.7 -414.8 -519.3 -572.2 STAAD
Wind load (loaded structure) -1.6 124.7 214.9 269.1 296.5 STAAD
Construction load (inner girder) -0.2 73.6 126.4 158.0 168.6
Total Live Load -234.6 1665.3 2646.2 2962.1 2932.8
Construction load BM for inner girder = Construction load BM for outer girder / Weight of shuttering & Conc. Live load * Construction Live load * Effective width of deck
slab for end girder
b) Shear force (kN) For SIDL & Live load - Refer STAAD Output
Desription At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Precast girder only 535.5 535.5 271.1 138.9 6.7
Deck slab & X-girder 296.7 226.4 156.0 85.7 15.4
Total DL 832.1 761.8 427.1 224.6 22.1
SIDL from staad output 112.3 91.5 74.4 57.8 37.5 STAAD
Footpath live load 0.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.4 STAAD
Live load incl. snow load 618.7 506.4 358.2 209.0 329.9 STAAD
Total Live Load incl.snow load 618.8 511.7 363.5 214.4 335.3
Wind load (unloaded structure) -84.1 -63.1 -42.1 -21.0 0.0 STAAD
Wind load (loaded structure) 43.6 32.7 21.8 10.9 0.0 STAAD
Construction load 22.5 16.9 11.3 5.6 0.0
Total 2973.6 2608.2 1635.4 925.8 752.3
45 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Construction load SF for inner girder = Construction load SF for outer girder / Weight of shuttering & Conc. Live load * Construction Live load * Effective width of deck slab
for end girder
5.1.5 Load Combination - Ultimate limit state


1 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 (b) 1 1 1.5
3 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.9
3 (b) 1 1 1.5 0.9
4 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.15 1.5
4 (b) 1 1 1.15 1.5
5 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.35 0.9
5 (b) 1 1 1.35 0.9
a) Moment At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2

1 -403.8 6796.3 11417.5 13917.4 14835.1
2 (a) -54.4 4485.4 7770.6 9877.9 10880.7
2 (b) -36.0 3265.9 5654.1 7172.3 7868.7
3 (a) -405.3 6908.5 11610.9 14159.5 15101.9
3 (b) -386.8 5689.0 9494.4 11454.0 12090.0
4 (a) -324.2 6400.5 10813.7 13284.3 14253.4
4 (b) -305.7 5181.0 8697.2 10578.7 11241.4
5 (a) -370.1 6658.7 11214.0 13715.2 14662.0
5 (b) -351.6 5439.2 9097.5 11009.7 11650.1
Maximum -405.3 6908.5 11610.9 14159.5 15101.9
b) Shear At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2

1 2248.1 1956.1 1252.1 726.0 598.4
2 (a) 1385.2 1237.6 739.5 420.7 95.4
2 (b) 1009.8 902.3 534.2 298.8 59.6
3 (a) 2287.3 1985.5 1271.7 735.8 598.4
3 (b) 1911.9 1650.3 1066.4 613.9 562.5
4 (a) 2096.9 1826.1 1157.6 667.3 481.0
4 (b) 1721.4 1490.8 952.3 545.4 445.2
5 (a) 2194.5 1908.8 1217.2 703.7 548.1
5 (b) 1819.0 1573.5 1011.9 581.7 512.2
Maximum 2287.3 1985.5 1271.7 735.8 598.4
5.2 Cable Details
Maximum midspan Moment for outer girder:
Description BM (kN-m)
Precast Girder Only 4059.8
Deck Slab & Cross Girder 2330.4
SIDL 1033.9
Wind load 296.5
Live Load 2932.8
Total Moment (M) 10653.3
Sectional Properties Inner Composite Girder at Midspan :-
Area, A = 2.160 m2
Moment of Inertia, I = 2.040 m4
CG from bottom = 2.039 m
1.000 m
3
Z Bottom =
Assume Nos. of Cable = N
Ultimate Force of each 19 T 13 strands, Pult = 3000 kN
Applied Force (P') = 2000 kN
CG From bottom = 0.237 m
"e" from CG of Girder = Girder CG from bottom - Cable CG From bottom
= -
= 1.802 m
Assume overall Loss = 30 %
Stress at bottom of Girder = NP/A+NP*e/ZBottom-M/Zbottom
=0
46 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
N = (M/ZBottom)/(P/A+P*e/ZBottom) (P = Force after overall Loss)

= (/)/(*(1-/100)*(1/+/))
= 3.36
Say, No of Cables Provided = 3 + number of strands / 19
= 3+/19
= 3.63
4.2.1 Calculation of Friction & Slip loss
1.275
4
0.375
X X X 3
2.750 0.375
2
4 0.180 0.375
1 3 2 0.180 1 0.350
0.125
0.170 0.310 0.170 0.650
0.650
Section at Midspan Section at Support
0.500 15.000
Y
4.500
1 2 X 0.155
0.155
0.150 15.500
Cable profile in Plan
0.150
1.275 4
0.375
3
0.375 Z
2
0.375 0.180
1 0.180
0.125
0.350 0.500 4.500 4.500 1.800 4.200
.
Cable profile in Elevation
Vertical bending of Cable 1 = Tan-1{(0.35-0.125)/(0.5+4.5-0.15)}

= 2.656 o
Vertical bending of Cable 2 = Tan-1{(0.35+0.375-0.125-0.18)/(0.5+4.5+4.5-0.15)}
= 3.672 o
Vertical bending of Cable 3 = Tan-1{(0.35+0.375+0.375-0.125-0.18-0.18)/(0.5+4.5+4.5+1.8-0.15)}
= 4.078 o
Vertical bending of Cable 4 = Tan-1{(0.35+0.375+0.375+0.375-0.125-0.18-0.18)/(0.5+4.500+4.5+1.8-0.15)}
= 5.074 o
Radius for 1 to 3 = 20 m
Horizontal bending of Cable 1 = ATAN(()/(-1))*180/PI()

= 2.536 o
Horizontal bending of Cable 2 = ATAN(()/(-1))*180/PI()
= 2.536 o
Position of Cable
Anchorage Location of vertical Bending

Cable No.
X Y Z X Y Z
1 0.000 0.000 0.350 4.850 0.000 0.125
2 0.000 0.000 0.725 9.350 -0.155 0.125
3 0.000 0.000 1.100 11.150 0.000 0.305
3 0.000 0.000 1.475 11.150 0.000 0.485
47 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Start of Horizontal Bending End of Horizontal Bending Midspan

Cable No.
X Y Z X Y Z X Y Z
1 4.850 0.000 0.125 9.350 0.155 0.125 15.350 0.155 0.125
2 4.850 0.000 0.414 9.350 -0.155 0.125 15.350 -0.155 0.125
3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 15.350 0.000 0.305
3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 15.350 0.000 0.485
C.G. of Cables from Bottom of girder at different Locations
Position Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2

Cable No 0.350 4.100 7.850 11.600 15.350 Distance from
Cable 1 0.334 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 Anchorage End
Cable 2 0.703 0.462 0.221 0.125 0.125
Cable 3 1.075 0.808 0.540 0.273 0.305
Cable 4 1.444 1.111 0.778 0.445 0.485
Friction & Slip Loss
Type of Tendon = 19 T13

Modulus of Elasticity (E) = 200 Gpa
= 200000000 kN/m2
Refer figure 6.3, clause no.7.9.2, table no. 18.4 of IRC 112-2011
Cross Sectional Area (A) = PI()*12.7^2/4
= 127 mm2
Ultimate Force of each 19T13 strands = 183.70 kN
(Breaking load each strand = 183.7 kN)
Applied Force,-P (je) = 0.9 * 0.87 * Ultimate Force of each 19T13 strands
(90% of 0.1% proof load = 0.9*0.87*183.7)
= 0.9*0.87*
= 143.84 kN
Cofficient of Friction (m) = 0.25 per radian
Wobble factor (k) = 0.0015 per meter
Slip (DL) = 6 mm.
P(je)=P(x)e (mf+kl) or P(x)=P(je)/e (mf+kl)
Cable 1 19 T13
Force after
Deflection Angle (f) Degree Force after slip loss
Node Link Length (l) in meter
Radian e (mf+kl) friction loss
(kN)
(kN)
1 2732.90 2452.28
1-2 4.855 0.000 0.000 1.0073
2 2713.07 2472.12
2-3 4.503 3.672 0.064 1.0230
3 2651.98 2533.21
3-4 6.000 2.536 0.044 1.0203
4 2599.30 2585.89
Length of link 1-2 = SQRT((X Anchorage - X Location of vertical Bending)^2 + (Y Anchorage - Y Location of vertical Bending)^2 + (Z Anchorage - Z Location of vertical
Bending)^2)
Length of link 2-3 = SQRT((X Start of Horizontal Bending - X End of Horizontal Bending)^2 + (Y Start of Horizontal Bending - Y End of Horizontal Bending)^2 + (Z Start of
Horizontal Bending - Z End of Horizontal Bending)^2)
Length of link 3-4 = SQRT((X End of Horizontal Bending - X Midspan)^2 + (Y End of Horizontal Bending - Y Midspan)^2 + (Z End of Horizontal Bending - Z Midspan)^2)
Deflection Angle of link 2-3 = SQRT(Vertical bending of Cable^2 + Horizontal bending of Cable^2)
Deflection Angle of link 3-4 = Horizontal bending of Cable
Force after friction loss = Force after friction loss at previous node / e (mf+kl)
Force after slip loss = Force after slip loss at next node - (Force after friction loss at same node - Force after friction loss at next node)
4.855 4.503 6.000

2732.90 2713.07
1 2 2651.98 3 2599.30
= 4
= 2533.21 2585.89
2472.12 6.000
2452.28
Force Diagram before & after Slip Loss
Assume Force of zero slip = 2585.89 kN =

Point of Zero Slip from node 3 = length of link 3-4 if Force after friction loss at node 4 > Force after friction loss at node 3
=
length of link 3-4 / (Force after friction loss at node 3 - Force after friction loss at node 4) * (Force after slip loss at node 3 - Force after
slip loss at node 4) if Force after friction loss at node 4 < Force after friction loss at node 3
= IF(>,,/(-)*(-))
= 6.000 m
48 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Area of Shaded Portion = E x A x DL

= **/1000000*/1000
= 2888.233 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion =
(-+-)/2*+(-+-)/2*+(-+-)/2*
= 2472.555 kN-m
Difference of these two forces = 2888.23-2472.55
= 415.678 kN-m Hence not O.K.
Length of Cable = (length of link 1-2 + length of link 2-3 + length of link 3-4) * 2
= (++)*2
= 30.716 m
Extension of cable at each side =
((Force after friction loss at node 1 + Force after friction loss at node 2) / 2 * length of link 1-2 + (Force after
friction loss at node 2 + Force after friction loss at node 3) / 2 * length of link 2-3 + (Force after friction loss at node
3 + Force after friction loss at node 4) / 2 * length of link 3-4) / (E * A) + DL
=
((+)/2*+(+)/2*+(+)/2*)*1000/(**/1000000)+
= 91.283 mm
Cable 2 19 T13
Force after
Node Link Length (l) in meter e (mf+kl) friction loss
Radian (kN)
(kN)
1 2732.90 2456.62
1-2 4.860 0.000 0.000 1.0073
2 2713.05 2476.47
2-3 4.512 4.462 0.078 1.0266
3 2642.80 2546.73
3-4 6.000 2.536 0.044 1.0203
4 2590.30 2594.76
Length of link 1-2 = SQRT((X Anchorage - X Start of Horizontal Bending)^2 + (Y Anchorage - Y Start of Horizontal Bending)^2 + (Z Anchorage - Z Start of Horizontal
Bending)^2)
Length of link 2-3 = SQRT((X Start of Horizontal Bending - X End of Horizontal Bending)^2 + (Y Start of Horizontal Bending - Y End of Horizontal Bending)^2 + (Z Start of
Horizontal Bending - Z End of Horizontal Bending)^2)
Length of link 3-4 = SQRT((X End of Horizontal Bending - X Midspan)^2 + (Y End of Horizontal Bending - Y Midspan)^2 + (Z End of Horizontal Bending - Z Midspan)^2)
Deflection Angle of link 2-3 = SQRT(Vertical bending of Cable^2 + Horizontal bending of Cable^2)
Deflection Angle of link 3-4 = Horizontal bending of Cable
4.860 4.512 6.000

2732.90 2713.05
1 2 2642.80 2590.30
= 3
= 2594.76 4
2476.47 2546.73
2456.62 5.490

=
= IF(>,,/(-)*(-))
= 5.490 m
= **/1000000*/1000
= 2888.233 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion =
(-+-)/2*+(-+-)/2*+(-+-)/2*
= 2248.213 kN-m
Length of Cable = (length of link 1-2 + length of link 2-3 + length of link 3-4) * 2
= (++)*2
= 30.744 m
friction loss at node 2 + Force after friction loss at node 3) / 2 * length of link 2-3 + (Force after friction loss at node
3 + Force after friction loss at node 4) / 2 * length of link 3-4) / (E * A) + DL
=
((+)/2*+(+)/2*+(+)/2*)*1000/(**/1000000)+
= 91.21 mm
49 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Cable 3 19 T13
Force after
Radian (kN)
(kN)
1 2732.90 2488.41
1-2 11.178 0.000 0.000 1.0169
2 2687.46 2533.85
2-3 4.200 4.078 0.071 1.0244
3 2623.48 2597.84
Bending)^2)
Deflection Angle of link 2-3 = Vertical bending of Cable
11.178 4.200
2732.90 2687.46
1 2 2623.48
= 3
= 2597.84
2533.85 4.200
2488.41

=
= IF(>,,/(-)*(-))
= 4.200 m
= **/1000000*/1000
= 2888.233 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion = (-+-)/2*+(-+-)/2*
= 2601.484 kN-m
Length of Cable = (length of link 1-2 + length of link 2-3) * 2
= (+)*2
= 30.757 m
friction loss at node 2 + Force after friction loss at node 3) / 2 * length of link 2-3) / (E * A) + DL
= ((+)/2*+(+)/2*)*1000/(**/1000000)+
= 92.10 mm
Cable 4 12 T13
Force after
Radian (kN)
(kN)
1 1726.05 1568.54
1-2 11.194 0.000 0.000 1.0169
2 1697.31 1597.28
2-3 4.200 5.074 0.089 1.0288
3 1649.72 1644.87
Bending)^2)
Deflection Angle of link 2-3 = Vertical bending of Cable
11.194 4.200
1726.05 1697.31
1 2 1649.72
= 3
= 1644.87
1597.28 4.200
1568.54
50 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

=
= IF(>,,/(-)*(-))
= 4.200 m
= **/1000000**/19/1000
= 1152.093 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion = (-+-)/2*+(-+-)/2*
= 1661.561 kN-m
= -509.468 kN-m Hence not O.K.
Length of Cable = (length of link 1-2 + length of link 2-3) * 2
= (+)*2
= 30.788 m
friction loss at node 2 + Force after friction loss at node 3) / 2 * length of link 2-3) / (E * A) + DL
= ((+)/2*+(+)/2*)*1000/(**/1000000)+
= 92.141 mm
4.2.2 Summary of Cable Forces after Friction & Slip at different Points

Cable No 0.350 4.100 7.850 11.600 15.350
Cable 1 2453.71 2469.03 2512.75 2552.90 2585.89
Vert. angle 2.656 2.656 2.656 0.000 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 2.536 0.000 0.000
C.G. 0.334 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125
Cable 2 2458.05 2473.36 2523.03 2564.56 2594.76
Vert. angle 3.672 3.672 3.672 0.000 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 2.536 2.536 0.000
C. G. 0.703 0.462 0.221 0.125 0.125
Cable 4 1569.44 1579.07 1588.70 1598.33 1644.87
Vert. angle 5.074 5.074 5.074 5.074 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.155 0.155 0.000
C. G. 1.444 1.111 0.778 0.445 0.485
Total cable
forces Normal 6467.37 6507.55 6605.44 6707.01 6825.53
at first stage
CG of Cable 0.742 0.491 0.318 0.201 0.212

Total cable
409.93 412.47 418.25 141.36 0.00
forces Per.
Cable 3 2489.84 2505.08 2520.32 2535.57 2597.84
Vert. angle 4.078 4.078 4.078 4.078 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
C. G. 1.075 0.808 0.540 0.273 0.305
Total cable
2483.53 2498.74 2513.94 2529.15 2597.84
forces Normal
CG of Cable 1.075 0.808 0.540 0.273 0.305

Total cable
177.08 178.16 179.25 180.33 0.00
forces Per.
Overall CG of 0.834 0.579 0.379 0.221 0.237
Cable
% loss -23.5 % -24.3 % -25.9 % -27.4 % -29.7 %
Force in cable at support = Force after slip loss at node 1 + (Force after slip loss at node 2 - Force after slip loss at node 1) / Length of link 1-2 * Distance of support from end
Force in cable at L/8 = Force after slip loss at node 1 + (Force after slip loss at node 2 - Force after slip loss at node 1) / Length of link 1-2 * L/8
Force in cable at L/4 = Force after slip loss at node 2 + (Force after slip loss at node 3 - Force after slip loss at node 2) / Length of link 2-3 * (L/4 - Length of link 1-2)
Force in cable at 3L/8 = Force after slip loss at node 3 + (Force after slip loss at node 4 - Force after slip loss at node 3) / Length of link 3-4 * (3L/8 - Length of link 1-2 -
Length of link 2-3)
Force in cable at L/2 = Force after slip loss at node 4
Total cable forces Normal = ∑(Force in cable * COS(Vert. angle) * COS(Hor. angle))
CG of Cable = ∑(Force in cable * COS(Vert. angle)) / Total cable forces Normal
Total cable forces Per. = ∑(Force in cable * SIN(Vert. angle) * COS(Hor. angle))
Overall CG of Cable = (Total cable forces Normal at first stage * CG of Cable at first stage + Total cable forces Normal at second stage * CG of Cable at second stage) / (Total
cable forces Normal at first stage + Total cable forces Normal at second stage)
% loss = (Applied Force * No of Cables Provided - (Force in cable 1 + Force in cable 2 + Force in cable 3 + Force in cable 4)) / (Applied Force * No of Cables Provided) * 100
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4.2.3 Length of Cables and Extension at each End
Total Length Extension at each End

Cable No
(m) (mm)
Cable 1 30.716 91.28
Cable 2 30.744 91.21
Cable 3 30.757 92.10
Cable 4 30.788 92.14
5.3 Stress Calculation of girder
After 5 days casting of Precast Girder, first stage Cables shall be stressed as per given force & elongation.
Second stage Cables shall be stressed after 28 days of casting of precast girder. After that all Precast Girders
shall be erected at bearing locations and Deck slab & X-Girder shall be cast erecting necessary shuttering from
precast girder at 60 days. After 30 days casting of Deck Slab i.e. after 90 days casting of Precast Girder,
all shuttering material shall be removed and SIDL shall be laid. In such case Precast Longitudinal Girder shall be
checked for DL of Precast Girder, wt of Deck slab, wt of X-girder at 60 days. But composite girder
(precast girder+RCC deck) shall be checked for SIDL & Live load cases.
5.3.1 Loss calculation

5.3.1.1 Loss due to Elastic Shortening
Refer clause no.6.4.2.2, Annexure A-2 of IRC 112-2011

Average loss in Cable Stress = 1/2 m fc
fcm (t) = bcc(t)fcm
bcc(t) = exp{S[1-(28/(t/t1)0^0.5]}
fck = Grade of concrete = M 40
fcm (t) = mean concrete compressive strength at age 't' days
fcm = mean concrete compressive strength at age '28' days = fck + 10
= +10
= 50 Mpa
t= Age of concrete in days = 5 days
t1 = 1 day
S= 0.25
bcc(t) = EXP(*(1-(28/(/))^0.5))
= 0.711
fcm (t) = *
= 35.53 Mpa
fck (t) = fcm (t) - 10
= -10
= 25.53 Mpa
corresponding Ecm = 22x(fcm/12.5)^0.3
= 22*(/12.5)^0.3
= 30.10 Gpa
Ep = 200.00 Gpa
m = Modular Ratio = Ec / Ecj
= /
= 6.65
To calculate average stress fc at CG of Cables due to Prestress and
Depth of Girder = 2.750 m
Assume, Elastic Shortening = 69.33 kN/Cable 26.35 %
Area of each Cable = 126.68 mm2
Number of cables (cable 1 to 3) = 2 + number of strands in cable 4 / 19
= 2+/19
= 2.63 Nos
Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Midspan:
Area = 1.410 m2
I= 1.234 m4
CG = 1.595 m
Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Support:
Area = 2.046 m2
I= 1.434 m4
CG = 1.522 m
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Sustained Stress of precast girder only at 5 days :-
Cable Force (kN) Cable CG from Dead Load Dead Load

Stress at cable
Section After fr., slip & soffit Stress (Mpa) Moment (kN- Stress Total Stress (Mpa)
After fr. & slip loss CG (Mpa)
ES loss (m) m) (kN/m2)
T -1.13 -0.01 -1.13
End 6467.37 6284.91 0.742 -6.40 5.74
B 8.27 0.01 8.28
T -2.05 1.64 -0.41
L/8 6507.55 6325.09 0.491 1753.70 9.16
B 13.51 -2.27 11.24
T -3.12 2.82 -0.29
L/4 6605.44 6422.98 0.318 3018.10 9.92
B 15.15 -3.90 11.25
T -3.88 3.54 -0.34
3L/8 6707.01 6524.55 0.201 3786.79 10.62
B 16.38 -4.89 11.49
T -3.89 3.80 -0.09
L/2 6825.53 6643.07 0.212 4059.78 10.46
B 16.59 -5.25 11.34
Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss = Cable Force After fr. & slip loss - Elastic Shortening * Number of cables
Stress at top = Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss / Area of Precast Girder - Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss * (CG of Precast Girder - Cable CG from soffit) * (Depth of
Girder - CG of Precast Girder) / I of Precast Girder
Stress at bottom = Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss / Area of Precast Girder - Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss * (CG of Precast Girder - Cable CG from soffit) * CG of
Precast Girder / I of Precast Girder
Dead Load Stress at top = Dead Load Moment / I of Precast Girder * (Depth of Girder - CG of Precast Girder)
Dead Load Stress at bottom = -Dead Load Moment / I of Precast Girder * CG of Precast Girder
Stress at cable CG = Total Stress at bottom - (Total Stress at bottom - Total Stress at top) / Depth of Girder * Cable CG from soffit
Average stress fc = (Stress at cable CG for end section + 2 * (Stress at cable CG for section at L/8 + Stress at cable CG for section at L/4 + Stress at cable
CG for section at 3L/8) + Stress at cable CG for section at L/2) / 8
= (5.74+2x(9.16+9.92+10.62)+10.46)/8
= 9.45 Mpa
Average Loss of cable stress = 1/2 m fc
= 1/2**
= 31.40 Mpa
Loss of each cable due to Elastic shortening = 1/2 m fc As
= */1000
= 3.98 kN
-3.89 Mpa 3.80 Mpa -0.09 Mpa > -1.57

Mpa
X X
+ =
16.59 Mpa -5.25 Mpa 11.34 Mpa < 17.06

Mpa Hence O.K.
Stress due to 1st stage stressing

Precast Girder Stress due to DL of Girder Resultant Stress at 7 days
after loss
Stress Diagram at Midspan of Precast Girder at 5 days of Casting of Girder
Permissible Compressive stress = 0.48 x fcm (t)

= 0.48*
= 17.06 MPa
ftmj = 0.259 * fck (t)^(2/3) if fck (t) <= 60
= 2.27 * LN(1 + (fcm (t) / 12.5))) if fck (t) > 60
Permissible tensile stress = 0.7 x ftmj
= 0.7*IF(<=60,0.259*^(2/3),2.27*LN(1+(/12.5)))
= 1.57 MPa
5.3.1.2 Loss due to Relaxation of Steel (clause no. 6.3.6 of IRC 112-2011)
Total Relaxation Loss at service condition = 3 x (1000 hr. value)

Initial force after Friction, slip & ES loss =
(Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss for end section + Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss for section at L/2 + 2 *
(Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss for section at L/8 + Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss for section at L/4 +
Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss for section at 3L/8)) / 8
= (6285+2x(6325+6423+6525)+6643)/8
= 6434.15 kN
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Table 6.2:- Relaxaation loss from Initial stress

Initial stress (%) Relaxation loss
<=0.5fp 0
0.6fp 1.25
0.7fp 2.5
0.8fp 4.5
Percentage of Initial force =

Initial force after Friction, slip & ES loss / (Number of cables (cable 1 to 3) * Ultimate Force of each 19 T 13 strands)
= /(*)
= 0.815 UTS
Relaxation Loss at 1000hr. for low relaxation steel = 4.80 % of initial force (Table 6.2)
Relaxation Loss at 1000hr. for low relaxation steel = % of initial force / 100 * Initial force after Friction, slip & ES loss / Number of cables (cable 1
to 3)
= 6434.15/2.63157894736842x4.8/100
= 117.36 kN/Cable
Relaxation loss
Time in hours 1 5 20 100 500 1000
% of loss at
37 47 57 72 79 100
1000 hrs
Immediate Loss i.e 1 hr. of stressing as per Table 6.2 of IRC 112-2011, = 37.00 % of Total Loss
5 - 28 days Loss for 23 days or 552 hrs. = % of loss at 500 hrs - Immediate Loss
= -
= 42.00 % of Total Loss
28 - 60 days Loss 32 days or 768 hrs. =
% of loss at 1000 hrs - Immediate Loss - % of loss for 552 hours
= --
= 21.00 % of Total Loss
60 - 90 days Loss 30 days or 720 hrs. = 0.00 % of Total Loss
90 - ∞ days Loss = 200.0 % of Total Loss i.e. 3 x (1000 hr. value)
Immediate Loss i.e 1 hr. of stressing = */100

= 43.42 kN/Cable
5 - 28 days Loss = */100
= 49.29 kN/Cable
28 - 60 days Loss = */100
= 24.64 kN/Cable
60 - 90 days Loss = */100
= 0.00 kN/Cable
90-a days Loss = */100
= 234.71 kN/Cable
Total = ++++
= 352.07 kN/Cable
Percentage = Total loss / Applied force * 100
= /*100
= 17.60 %
5.3.1.3 Computation of shrinkage strain (clause no. 6.4.2.6, IRC:112 - 2011)
Total shrinkage strain, ecs = ecd + ec a

Where, ecd is drying shrinkage strain and eca is autogenous shrinkage strain
Maximum Autogenous shrinkage strain eca = (2 * Grade of concrete - 25) / 10^6
= (2*-25)/10^6
= 0.000055 (refer table 6.6 of IRC:112 - 2011)
Table 6.7:- Value for Kh

ho in mm Kh
100 1.00
200 0.85
300 0.75
>= 500 0.70
The development of autogenous shrinkage with time ec a(t) = bas(t) x ec a

Where, bas(t) = 1-esp{-0.2sqrt(t)} where t is in days.
The development of dying shrinkage strain in time ecd(t) = bds(t,ts) * kh x ecd
Where, bds(t,ts) = (t-ts)/[(t-ts)+0.04sqrt(ho^3)
kh is a coefficient depending on notional size ho
End of curing of concrete ts = 5.00 day
Grade of concrete = M40
Mean concrete strength fcm = fck + 10
+10
= 50.00 MPa
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Precast Girder only
C/S area of girder at span Ac = 1.410 m2

Perimeter in contact with air u = 8.374 m
Nominal size of precast member h0 = 2Ac / u
= 2**1000/
= 336.76 mm
Composite Girder
C/S area of comp. girder at span Ac = 2.160 m2

Perimeter in contact with air u = 12.374 m
Nominal size of member h0 = 2Ac / u
= 2**1000/
= 349.12 mm
The drying shrinkage strain ecd,0 = 0.85*((220+110*ads1)*EXP(-ads2*fcm/fcm,o))*bRH/10^6

Coefficient ads1 (normal cement) = 4.0
Coefficient ads2 (normal cement) = 0.12
The coefficient bRH = 1.55 x [1-RH/Rho]^3
Relative humidity of enviroment RH = 70.0 %
RHo = 100 %
The coefficient bRH = 1.55*(1-(/)^3)
= 1.02
fcmo = 12.50
The drying shrinkage strain ecd,0 = 0.85*((220+110*)*EXP(-*/))*/10^6
= 0.0004
These are expected mean values, with a coefficient of variation of about 30 percent.
Loss of Prestress due to creep, shrinkage and relaxation as per Euro code
Ap * (ecs*EP+0.8*DPr+EP/Ecm*f(t,to)*scQP)
DPc+s+r = AP + DsPc+s+r =
1+EP/Ecm*AP/Ac*(1+Ac/Ic*Zcp^2)*(1+0.8*f(t,to))
Development of shrinkage of concrete
Autogenous shrinkage Nominal size of Drying shrinkage Shrinkage Loss due to

Days kh
factor bas(t) member h0 (mm) factor bas(t) strain shrinkage
5 0.000 0 0.000 0.000 0.000000 0.00

28 0.653 337 0.085 0.741 0.000065 1.64
60 0.788 349 0.182 0.738 0.000105 1.01
90 0.850 349 0.256 0.738 0.000134 0.72
36500 1.000 349 0.993 0.738 0.000392 6.52
Total 9.892 0.49 %
Autogenous shrinkage factor bas = 1 - EXP(-0.2 * SQRT(Days))
Nominal size of member, h0 for 28 days = Nominal size of precast member
Nominal size of member, h0 for 60, 90 & 36500 days = Nominal size of Composite Girder
Drying shrinkage factor bas = (Days - End of curing of concrete ts) / ((Days - End of curing of concrete ts) + 0.04 * SQRT(Nominal size of precast member h0^3))
For kh refer Table 6.7 of IRC 112
Shrinkage strain = Autogenous shrinkage factor bas * Maximum Autogenous shrinkage strain eca + Drying shrinkage factor bas * kh * The drying shrinkage strain ecd,0 * 1.3
Loss due to shrinkage = Area of each Cable * ((Shrinkage strain at ith day - Shrinkage strain at (i-1)th day) * Ep) / (1 + Ep / (Modulus of elasticity Ecm / 1000) * Area of each
Cable / (Area of Precast Girder at Midspan * 1000^2) * (1 + Area of Precast Girder at Midspan / I of Precast Girder at Midspan * (CG of Precast Girder at Midspan - Cable CG
from soffit at L/2)^2) * (1 + 0.8 * Creep coeff., fo at 28 days))
5.3.1.4 Computation of creep coefficients (clause no. 6.4.2.7, IRC:112 - 2011)

Mean concrete strength fcm = fck + 10
+10
= 50.00 MPa
The creep coefficient f(t,to) = fo x bc(t,to) as per A2-14of IRC:112 - 2011
Where, fo = fRH x b(fcm) x b(to)
fRH = 1+(1-RH/100)/{0.1*(ho)^1/3} for fcm <= 45MPa
fRH = [1+(1-RH/100)/{0.1*(ho)^1/3} x a1] x a2 for fcm > 45MPa
The coefficient a1 =(43.75/fcm)^0.7
= (43.75/)^0.7
= 0.91
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= (43.75/)^0.2
= 0.97
The coefficient b(fcm) = 18.78/sqrt(fcm)
= 18.78/SQRT()
= 2.66
The coefficient b(t0) = 1/(0.1+to^0.2)
Where, age of concrete at first loading t0 = 5 day
The coefficient b(t0) = 1/(0.1+^0.2)
= 0.68
bc(t,to) =[(t-to)/(bH +t-to)]^0.3
bH = = 1.5 x [1+(0.012RH)^18] x ho + 250 <= 1500 for fcm <= 35MPa
= 1.5 x [1+(0.012RH)^18] x ho + 250a3 <= 1500a3 for fcm <= 35MPa
= (43.75/)^0.5
= 0.94
For temperature greater than 40oC theby 10% in absence of accurate data coefficient may be increased by 10% in absence of accurate data. This is valid for concrete using
normal cement.
Development of creep
Creep coeff. Loss due to creep of

Days h0 (mm) fRH fo bH bc(t,to)
fo concrete
5 0 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.00

28 337 1.36 2.434 760.89 0.347 0.929 7.36
60 349 1.35 2.426 780.24 0.442 1.180 2.77
90 349 1.35 2.426 780.24 0.499 1.330 1.33
36500 349 1.35 2.426 780.24 0.994 2.651 11.35
Total 22.82 1.14 %
Nominal size of member, h0 for 28 days = Nominal size of precast member
Nominal size of member, h0 for 60, 90 & 36500 days = Nominal size of Composite Girder
Loss due to creep of concrete = Area of each Cable * (Ep / Ecm * (Creep coeff. at ith day - Creep coeff. at (i-1)th day) * Average stress, fc of precast girder only at 5 days) / (1 +
Ep / (Modulus of elasticity Ecm / 1000) * Area of each Cable / (Area of Precast Girder at Midspan * 1000^2) * (1 + Area of Precast Girder at Midspan / I of Precast Girder at
Midspan * (CG of Precast Girder at Midspan - Cable CG from soffit at L/2)^2) * (1+0.8 * Creep coeff. at ith day)) / 1000
5.3.2 Sustained Stress of precast girder at 28 days after stressing of cable
Losses:-
Shrinkage = 1.64 kN/Cable

Relaxation = Immediate Loss i.e 1 hr. of stressing + 5 - 28 days Loss
=+
= 92.71 kN/Cable
Creep = +
= 7.36 kN/Cable
Total = ++
= 101.71 kN/Cable
Total Loss for 3 Cables = Total force per cable * Number of cables (cable 1 to 3)
= *
= 267.67 kN
fck for 28 days strength = M 40
Modulus of elasticity Ecm = 30098 MPa
m = Modular Ratio = Ecm / Ecj
= /(/1000)
= 6.65
Stressing of cable no. 4
Elastic Shortening = 3.98 kN/Cable

Relaxation = 43.42 kN/Cable
Total = +
= 47.40 kN/Cable
Number of cables = 1.000 Nos (2nd stage)
Depth of Girder = 2.75 m
Area = 1.410 m2
I= 1.234 m4
CG = 1.595 m
56 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Area = 2.046 m2
I= 1.434 m4
CG = 1.522 m
Cable Force (kN)
Cable CG
Stress at 5 days loss bet. 5 - 28 days Cable CG from Stress due to loss Total Stress Stress at cable
Section After fr. & After fr., slip from soffit Stress (Mpa)
(kN/m2) (Tons) soffit (m) (Mpa) (Mpa) CG (Mpa)
slip loss & ES loss (m)
T -1.13 0.05 0.26 -0.82

End -278.14 0.742 2483.53 2436.13 1.075 7.27
B 8.28 -0.37 2.34 10.25
T -0.41 0.09 -0.07 -0.38
L/8 -278.14 0.491 2498.74 2451.34 0.808 12.16
B 11.24 -0.59 4.23 14.88
T -0.29 0.14 -0.69 -0.85
L/4 -278.14 0.318 2513.94 2466.54 0.540 13.79
B 11.25 -0.66 5.11 15.71
T -0.34 0.17 -1.31 -1.49
3L/8 -278.14 0.201 2529.15 2481.75 0.273 15.45
B 11.49 -0.70 6.00 16.79
T -0.09 0.16 -1.27 -1.20
L/2 -278.14 0.212 2597.84 2550.44 0.305 15.33
B 11.34 -0.69 6.06 16.71
loss bet. 5 - 28 days = -Total Loss for 3 Cables at 28 days after stressing of cable- Elastic Shortening of cable no. 4 * Number of cables (cable 1 to 3)
Stress due to loss at top = (loss bet. 5 - 28 days / Area of Precast Girder at Support - loss bet. 5 - 28 days * (CG of Precast Girder at Support - Cable CG from soffit) * (Depth
of Girder - CG of Precast Girder at Support) / I of Precast Girder at Support) / 1000
Stress due to loss at bottom = (loss bet. 5 - 28 days / Area of Precast Girder at Support + loss bet. 5 - 28 days * (CG of Precast Girder at Support - Cable CG from soffit) * CG
of Precast Girder at Support / I of Precast Girder at Support) / 1000
Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss = Cable Force After fr. & slip loss - Total Elastic Shortening and Relaxation during Stressing of cable no. 4 * Number of cables
Stress at top = (Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss / Area of Precast Girder at Support - Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss * (CG of Precast Girder at Support - Cable CG
from soffit) * (Depth of Girder - CG of Precast Girder at Support) / I of Precast Girder at Support) / 1000
Stress at bottom = (Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss / Area of Precast Girder at Support + Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss * (CG of Precast Girder at Support - Cable
CG from soffit) * CG of Precast Girder at Support / I of Precast Girder at Support) / 1000
Total Stress = Stress at 5 days + Stress due to loss + Stress After fr., slip & ES loss
Stress at cable CG = Total Stress at bottom - (Total Stress at bottom - Total Stress at top) / Depth of Girder * Cable CG from soffit
Average stress ss at CG of cables for 28 days =

(Stress at cable CG for end section + 2 * (Stress at cable CG for section at L/8 + Stress at cable CG for section at
L/4 + Stress at cable CG for section at 3L/8) + Stress at cable CG for section at L/2) / 8
= (7.27+2x(12.16+13.79+15.45)+15.33)/8
= 13.18 Mpa = fc
fc' = Average stress, fc of precast girder only at 5 days
Loss of cable stress = m (fc-fc')
= *(-)
= 24.75 Mpa
As = Area of each Cable
Loss of each cable due to elastic shortening= m fc As
*/1000
= 3.14 kN
-0.09 Mpa 0.16 Mpa -1.27 Mpa -1.20 Mpa > -2.12 Mpa
+ + =
11.34 Mpa -0.69 Mpa 6.06 Mpa 16.71 Mpa < 20.00
Mpa
Stress due to stressing of Hence O.K.
Resultant Stress at 5 days Stress due to loss between 5 to28 days Resultant Stress at 28 days
cables 3
Permissible Compressive stress = 0.5 x fcm fcm = fck for 28 days strength
= 0.5*
= 20.00 MPa
Permissible tensile stress = 0.7 x ftmj
ftmj = 0.259 * fck (t)^(2/3) if fck (t) <= 60
= 2.27 * LN(1 + (fcm (t) / 12.5))) if fck (t) > 60
Permissible tensile stress = 0.7*IF(<=60,0.259*^(2/3),2.27*LN(1+(/12.5)))
= 2.12 MPa
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5.3.3. Sustained Stress of precast girder at 60 days after Casting of Deck with X-Girder
Losses for first 3 cables:-

Creep = ++
= 10.14 kN/Cable
Total = ++
= 35.80 kN/Cable
Actual time dependent losses = 35.80 kN/Cable
Losses for last 1 cable:-

Relaxation = 5 - 28 days Loss + 28 - 60 days Loss
=+
= 73.93 kN/Cable
Creep = 10.14 kN/Cable
Total = ++
= 85.08 kN/Cable
Actual time dependent losses = 85.08 kN/Cable
Actual Loss of third Cable = Actual time dependent losses for last 1 cable * no. of cables
=*
= 85.08 kN
Total Loss of 4 Cables = Actual time dependent losses for first 3 cables * Number of cables (cable 1 to 3) + Actual Loss of third Cable
= *+
= 179.28 kN
Depth of Precast Girder = 2.750 m
Area = 1.410 m2
I= 1.234 m4
CG = 1.595 m
Area = 2.046 m2
I= 1.434 m4
CG = 1.522 m
Moment due
Stress at 28 days loss bet. 28 - 60 Cable CG from Stress due to Total Stress Stress due to slab Total Stress Stress at cable
Section to slab (kN-
(kN/m2) days (kN) soffit (m) loss (Mpa) (kN/m2) (Mpa) (Mpa) CG (Mpa)
m)
Top of girder -0.82 0.02 -0.80 -0.01 -0.81

End -179.28 0.834 -11.14 6.75
Bottom 10.25 -0.22 10.04 0.01 10.05
Top of girder -0.38 0.04 -0.34 1.21 0.87
L/8 -179.28 0.579 1289.46 10.33
Bottom 14.88 -0.36 14.52 -1.67 12.85
Top of girder -0.85 0.08 -0.77 2.09 1.32
L/4 -179.28 0.379 2234.99 10.88
Bottom 15.71 -0.41 15.30 -2.89 12.41
Top of girder -1.49 0.10 -1.38 2.64 1.26
3L/8 -179.28 0.221 2825.44 11.78
Bottom 16.79 -0.45 16.34 -3.65 12.69
Top of girder -1.20 0.10 -1.10 2.86 1.77
L/2 -179.28 0.237 3060.81 11.40
Bottom 16.71 -0.44 16.27 -3.96 12.31
loss bet. 28 - 60 days = -Total Loss of 4 Cables

Stress due to loss at top = (loss bet. 28 - 60 days / Area of Precast Girder at Support - loss bet. 28 - 60 days * (CG of Precast Girder at Support - Cable CG from soffit) * (Depth
of Girder - CG of Precast Girder at Support) / I of Precast Girder at Support) / 1000
Stress due to loss at bottom = (loss bet. 28 - 60 days / Area of Precast Girder at Support + loss bet. 28 - 60 days * (CG of Precast Girder at Support - Cable CG from soffit) *
CG of Precast Girder at Support / I of Precast Girder at Support) / 1000
Moment due to slab = Moment due to Construction load (outer girder) + Moment due to Deck slab & X-girder
Stress due to slab at top of girder = Moment due to slab / I of Precast Girder at Support * (Depth of Precast Girder - CG of Precast Girder at Support) / 1000
Stress due to slab at bottom of girder = -Moment due to slab / I of Precast Girder at Support * CG of Precast Girder at Support / 1000
Total Stress = Stress at 28 days + Stress due to loss + Stress due to slab
Stress at cable CG = Total Stress at bottom - (Total Stress at bottom - Total Stress at top) / Depth of Precast Girder * Cable CG from soffit
Average stress ss at CG of cables for 60 days =

(Stress at cable CG for end section + 2 * (Stress at cable CG for section at L/8 + Stress at cable CG for section at
L/4 + Stress at cable CG for section at 3L/8) + Stress at cable CG for section at L/2) / 8
= (6.75+2x(10.33+10.88+11.78)+11.4)/8
= 10.52 Mpa
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-1.20 Mpa 0.10 Mpa 2.86 Mpa 1.77 Mpa > -2.12
Mpa
+ + =
16.71 Mpa -0.44 Mpa -3.96 Mpa 12.31 Mpa < 20.00
Mpa
Hence O.K.
Stress due to loss between 28 to 60 Stress due to DL of Slab &
Resultant Stress at 28 days Resultant Stress at 60 days
days wt of shuttering
5.3.4 Sustained stress of composite girder at 90 days
After 30 days casting of Deck Slab i.e.after 90 days casting of Precast Girder, Shuttering is to be removed and application of SIDL shall be done.
fck for precast girder at 90 days of concrete i.e. 100% of fc = 40 Mpa
Ecj = Ecm = 30.1 Gpa
Es = 200 Gpa
m = Modular Ratio = Ec / Ecj
= /
= 6.65
Depth of Composite Girder = 3.100 m
Thickness of deck slab = 250 mm
Sectional Properties of Composite Girder at Midspan:
Area = 2.160 m2
I= 2.040 m4
CG = 2.039 m
Sectional Properties of Composite Girder at Support:
Area = 2.796 m2
I= 2.443 m4
CG = 1.885 m
Losses:-

Creep = +++
= 11.46 kN/Cable
Total = ++
= 12.18 kN/Cable
Total Loss = Total of shrinkage, relaxation and creep * (Number of cables (cable 1 to 3) + Number of cables in 2nd stage)
= *(+)
= 44.25 kN/Cable
Actual time dependent losses = 44.25 kN
Moment due Stress due

Total Stress due at 60 Loss of Cables CG of Cables from Stress due to Stress at cable
Section to SIDL to SIDL Total Stress (Mpa)
days (Mpa) (kN) soffit (m) loss (Mpa) CG (Mpa)
(kN-m) (Mpa)
Top of slab 0.00 0.01 -0.01 0.00

Top of girder -0.81 0.00 -13.53 -0.01 -0.82
End -44.25 0.834 6.72
Bottom 10.05 -0.05 0.01 10.01
Top of slab 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.07
Top of girder 0.87 0.01 108.37 0.04 0.91
L/8 -44.25 0.579 10.19
Bottom 12.85 -0.09 -0.11 12.66
Top of slab 0.00 0.02 0.10 0.12
Top of girder 1.32 0.01 201.55 0.08 1.41
L/4 -44.25 0.379 10.64
Bottom 12.41 -0.09 -0.20 12.12
Top of slab 0.00 0.02 0.16 0.18
Top of girder 1.26 0.01 309.62 0.12 1.40
3L/8 -44.25 0.221 11.41
Bottom 12.69 -0.10 -0.31 12.28
Top of slab 0.00 0.02 0.23 0.25
Top of girder 1.77 0.01 448.11 0.18 1.96
L/2 -44.25 0.237 10.91
Bottom 12.31 -0.10 -0.45 11.76
59 of 493
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Loss of Cables = -Actual time dependent losses at 90 days

Stress due to loss at top of slab = (Loss of Cables / Area of Composite Girder at Support - Loss of Cables * (CG of Composite Girder at Support - Cable CG from soffit) *
(Depth of Composite Girder - CG of Composite Girder at Support) / I of Composite Girder at Support) / 1000
Stress due to loss at top of girder = (Loss of Cables / Area of Composite Girder at Support - Loss of Cables * (CG of Composite Girder at Support - Cable CG from soffit) *
(Depth of Composite Girder - CG of Composite Girder at Support - Thickness of deck slab) / I of Composite Girder at Support) / 1000
Stress due to loss at bottom = (Loss of Cables / Area of Composite Girder at Support + Loss of Cables * (CG of Composite Girder at Support - Cable CG from soffit) * CG of
Composite Girder at Support / I of Composite Girder at Support) / 1000
Moment due to SIDL = Moment due to SIDL + Moment due to Removal of shutter
Stress due to SIDL at top of deck = Moment due to SIDL / I of Composite Girder at Support * (Depth of Composite Girder - CG of Composite Girder at Support) / 1000
Stress due to SIDL at top of girder = Moment due to SIDL / I of Composite Girder at Support * (Depth of Composite Girder - CG of Composite Girder at Support - Thickness
of deck slab) / 1000
Stress due to SIDL at bottom of girder = Moment due to SIDL / I of Composite Girder at Support * CG of Composite Girder at Support / 1000
Total Stress = Stress at 60 days + Stress due to loss + Stress due to SIDL
Stress at cable CG = Total Stress at bottom - (Total Stress at bottom - Total Stress at top of girder) / Depth of Precast Girder * Cable CG from soffit
Average stress at 90 days = (Stress at cable CG for end section + 2 * (Stress at cable CG for section at L/8 + Stress at cable CG for section at L/4 + Stress at cable
= (6.72+2x(10.19+10.64+11.41)+10.91)/8
= 10.26 Mpa
0.00 Mpa 0.02 Mpa 0.23 Mpa 0.25 Mpa

1.77 0.01 Mpa 0.18 Mpa 1.96
Mpa Mpa
+ + =
12.31 -0.10 Mpa -0.45 Mpa 11.76 Mpa

Mpa
Resultant Stress at 60 days Loss of Cables between 60 to 90 days Stress due to SIDL Resultant Stress at 90 days
Stress Diagram at Midspan of Composite Girder at 90 days
5.3.5. Sustained Stress of composite girder at ∞ days :-

Losses:-

Creep = ++++
= 22.82 kN/Cable
Total = ++
= 264.05 kN/Cable
Total Loss = Total of shrinkage, relaxation and creep * (Number of cables (cable 1 to 3) + Number of cables in 2nd stage)
= *(+)
= 958.91 kN/Cable
Actual time dependent losses = 958.91 kN
Total Stress
Stress at
Total Stress at 90 days Loss bet. 90 days- CG of Cables Stress due to at ∞ days
Section cable CG
(Mpa) ∞ days (kN) from soffit (m) loss (Mpa) without live
(Mpa)
load (Mpa)
Top of slab 0.00 0.16 0.16

Top of girder -0.82 0.05 -0.76
End -958.91 0.834 5.96
Bottom 10.01 -1.12 8.89
Top of slab 0.07 0.28 0.35
Top of girder 0.91 0.11 1.03
L/8 -958.91 0.579 8.75
Bottom 12.66 -1.84 10.82
Top of slab 0.12 0.38 0.51
Top of girder 1.41 0.19 1.60
L/4 -958.91 0.379 8.91
Bottom 12.12 -2.04 10.08
Top of slab 0.18 0.46 0.64
Top of girder 1.40 0.25 1.65
3L/8 -958.91 0.221 9.42
Bottom 12.28 -2.19 10.10
Top of slab 0.25 0.45 0.71
Top of girder 1.96 0.24 2.20
L/2 -958.91 0.237 8.95
Bottom 11.76 -2.17 9.59
60 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Loss bet. 90 days-∞ days = -Actual time dependent losses at ∞ days

Stress due to loss at top of slab = (Loss of Cables / Area of Composite Girder at Support - Loss of Cables * (CG of Composite Girder at Support - Cable CG from soffit) *
(Depth of Composite Girder - CG of Composite Girder at Support) / I of Composite Girder at Support) / 1000
Stress due to loss at top of girder = (Loss of Cables / Area of Composite Girder at Support - Loss of Cables * (CG of Composite Girder at Support - Cable CG from soffit) *
(Depth of Composite Girder - CG of Composite Girder at Support - Thickness of deck slab) / I of Composite Girder at Support) / 1000
Stress due to loss at bottom = (Loss of Cables / Area of Composite Girder at Support + Loss of Cables * (CG of Composite Girder at Support - Cable CG from soffit) * CG of
Composite Girder at Support / I of Composite Girder at Support) / 1000
Total Stress at ∞ days without live load = Total Stress at 90 days + Stress due to loss
Stress at cable CG = Total Stress at bottom - (Total Stress at bottom - Total Stress at top of girder) / Depth of Precast Girder * Cable CG from soffit
Average stress at ∞ days = (Stress at cable CG for end section + 2 * (Stress at cable CG for section at L/8 + Stress at cable CG for section at L/4 + Stress at cable
= (5.96+2x(8.75+8.91+9.42)+8.95)/8
= 8.63 Mpa
0.25 Mpa 0.45 Mpa 0.71 Mpa

1.96 0.24 Mpa 2.20 Mpa < = 14.40 Mpa Hence O.K.
Mpa
+ =
11.76 -2.17 Mpa 9.59 Mpa > -2.29 Mpa Hence O.K.
Mpa
Resultant Stress at 90 days Resultant Stress at ∞ days
Loss of Cables inbet. 90 to ∞ days
Stress Diagram at Midspan of Composite Girder with SIDL without Live Load at a days
5.3.6. Stress of composite girder due to live load
Total Stress
Total Live Load Stress due to Stress due to
Total Stress without 0.6 x Wind load at ∞ days
Section Moment (kN- Live Load Wind Load
live load (Mpa) (kN-m) with live
m) (Mpa) (Mpa)
load (Mpa)
Top of slab 0.16 -0.12 0.00 0.04

Top of girder -0.76 -234.56 -0.99 -0.09 0.00 -0.85
End
Bottom 8.89 0.18 0.00 9.07
Top of slab 0.35 0.87 0.04 1.26
Top of girder 1.03 1665.32 74.83 0.66 0.03 1.72
L/8
Bottom 10.82 -1.66 -0.07 9.08
Top of slab 0.51 1.38 0.07 1.95
Top of girder 1.60 2646.19 128.96 1.05 0.05 2.70
L/4
Bottom 10.08 -2.65 -0.13 7.31
Top of slab 0.64 1.54 0.08 2.27
Top of girder 1.65 2962.06 161.45 1.18 0.06 2.89
3L/8
Bottom 10.10 -2.96 -0.16 6.97
Top of slab 0.71 1.52 0.09 2.33
Top of girder 2.20 2932.76 177.89 1.17 0.07 3.44
L/2
Bottom 9.59 -2.93 -0.18 6.48
Stress due to Live Load at top of slab = Moment due to LL / I of Composite Girder at Support * (Depth of Composite Girder - CG of Composite Girder at Support) / 1000
Stress due to Live Load at top of girder = Moment due to LL / I of Composite Girder at Support * (Depth of Composite Girder - CG of Composite Girder at Support -
Thickness of deck slab) / 1000
Stress due to Live Load at bottom of girder = Moment due to LL / I of Composite Girder at Support * CG of Composite Girder at Support / 1000
Stress due to Wind Load at top of slab = Moment due to WL / I of Composite Girder at Support * (Depth of Composite Girder - CG of Composite Girder at Support) / 1000
Stress due to Wind Load at top of girder = Moment due to WL / I of Composite Girder at Support * (Depth of Composite Girder - CG of Composite Girder at Support -
Thickness of deck slab) / 1000
Stress due to Wind Load at bottom of girder = Moment due to WL / I of Composite Girder at Support * CG of Composite Girder at Support / 1000
Total Stress at ∞ days with live load = Total Stress without live load + Stress due to Live Load + Stress due to Wind Load
61 of 493
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0.71 Mpa 1.52 Mpa 2.33 Mpa

2.20 Mpa 1.17 Mpa 3.44 Mpa < 14.40 Mpa Hence O.K.
+ =
9.59 Mpa -2.93 Mpa 6.48 Mpa > -2.29 Mpa Hence O.K.
Resultant Stress at a days Stress due to Live Load Resultant Stress at ∞ days
Stress Diagram at Midspan of Composite Girder with SIDL & Live Load at ∞ days
Permissible compressive stress in concrete at service = 0.36 x fck

= 0.36*
= 14.40 Mpa > 3.4 Mpa
Permissible Tensile stress in concrete at service = -2.29 Mpa < 0.0 Mpa Hence O.K.
5.3.7 Summary of Stresses for Precast girder only
Sectional Properties
Precast Girder Midspan Support Unit

Area 1.410 2.046 m2
I 1.234 1.434 m4
CG 1.595 1.522 m
Z Top 1.069 1.168 m3
Zbottom 0.774 0.943 m3
Composite Girder Midspan Support Unit

Area 2.160 2.796 m2
I 2.040 2.443 m4
CG 2.039 1.885 m
Z Top of slab 2.124 2.191 m3
Z Top 2.871 2.824 m3
Zbottom 1.000 1.297 m3
DL of girder + deck slab Prestressing force & Loss SIDL
Section Loss of Loss of

CG of cables Moment (kN-
Moment (kN-m) Stress (Mpa) Prestress (kN) precast composite Stress (Mpa) Stress (Mpa)
(m) m)
Girder (kN) girder (kN)
Top of slab 0.15 -0.01

Top of girder -0.01 -0.58 -0.01
End -16.73 6467.37 0.834 -501.50 -1267.53 -16.78
Bottom 0.02 5.78 0.01
Top of slab 0.28 0.17
Top of girder 2.55 -1.39 0.12
L/8 2724.05 6507.55 0.579 -501.50 -1267.53 354.76
Bottom -3.52 9.71 -0.35
Top of girder 4.40 -2.47 0.22
L/4 4705.46 6605.44 0.379 -501.50 -1267.53 626.20
Bottom -6.08 11.23 -0.63
Top of girder 5.55 -3.36 0.29
3L/8 5927.49 6707.01 0.221 -501.50 -1267.53 841.23
Bottom -7.66 12.53 -0.84
Top of girder 5.98 -3.34 0.36
L/2 6390.15 6825.53 0.237 -501.50 -1267.53 1033.87
Bottom -8.26 12.71 -1.03
Stress at top of girder due to DL of girder + deck slab = Moment due to DL of girder + deck slab / Z Top of precast girder / 1000
Stress at bottom of girder due to DL of girder + deck slab = -Moment due to DL of girder + deck slab / Z bottom of precast girder / 1000
Loss of precast Girder = -(Elastic Shortening of first stage * Number of cables (cable 1 to 3) + Total Loss of shrinkage, relaxation & creep for 3 Cables + Elastic Shortening of
cable 4 * Number of cables + Total of elastic shortening and relaxation of cable 4 * Number of cables)
Loss of composite girder = -(Total Loss of 4 Cables at 60 days + Actual Loss of third Cable at 60 days + Actual time dependent losses at 90 days + Actual time dependent
losses at ∞ days)
Stress at top of slab due to Prestressing force & Loss = Loss of composite girder / 1000 * (1 / Area of Composite Girder - (CG of Composite Girder - CG of cables) / Z Top of slab
of Composite Girder)
62 of 493
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Stress at top of girder due to Prestressing force & Loss = (Prestress + Loss of precas Girder) / 1000 * (1 / Area of Precast Girder - (CG of Precast Girder - CG of cables) / Z Top
of Precast Girder) + Loss of composite girder / 1000 * (1 / Area of Composite Girder - (CG of Composite Girder - CG of cables) / Z Top of Composite Girder)
Stress at top of girder due to Prestressing force & Loss = (Prestress + Loss of precas Girder) / 1000 * (1 / Area of Precast Girder + (CG of Precast Girder - CG of cables) /
Zbottom of Precast Girder) + Loss of composite girder / 1000 * (1 / Area of Composite Girder + (CG of Composite Girder - CG of cables) / Zbottom of Composite Girder)
Stress at top of slab due to SIDL = Moment due to SIDL / Z Top of slab of composite girder / 1000
Stress at top of girder due to SIDL = Moment due to SIDL / Z Top of composite girder / 1000
Stress at bottom of girder due to SIDL = -Moment due to SIDL / Z bottom of composite girder / 1000
Live load Wind load - loaded structure Temp (+ve) Temp (-ve) Shuttering load
Section Removal of
Stress Stress Stress Const. Load
Moment (kN-m) Stress (Mpa) Moment (kN-m) shutter (kN- Stress (Mpa)
(Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa) (kN-m)
m)
Top of slab -0.11 0.00 0.57 -0.40 0.00
Top of girder -0.08 0.00 -2.97 1.39 0.00
End -234.56 -0.99 -0.81 3.25
Bottom 0.18 0.00 5.42 -0.87 0.00
Top of slab 0.78 0.04 0.57 -0.40 -0.12
Top of girder 0.58 0.03 -2.97 1.39 0.21
L/8 1665.32 74.83 319.11 -246.39
Bottom -1.66 -0.07 5.42 -0.87 -0.17
Top of slab 1.25 0.06 0.57 -0.40 -0.20
Top of girder 0.92 0.04 -2.97 1.39 0.36
L/4 2646.19 128.96 547.63 -424.64
Bottom -2.65 -0.13 5.42 -0.87 -0.28
Top of slab 1.39 0.08 0.57 -0.40 -0.25
Top of girder 1.03 0.06 -2.97 1.39 0.46
3L/8 2962.06 161.45 684.73 -531.61
Bottom -2.96 -0.16 5.42 -0.87 -0.35
Top of slab 1.38 0.08 0.57 -0.40 -0.28
Top of girder 1.02 0.06 -2.97 1.39 0.48
L/2 2932.76 177.89 730.44 -585.76
Bottom -2.93 -0.18 5.42 -0.87 -0.36
Stress at top of slab due to LL = Moment due to LL / Z Top of slab of composite girder / 1000
Stress at top of girder due to LL = Moment due to LL / Z Top of composite girder / 1000
Stress at bottom of girder due to LL = -Moment due to LL / Z bottom of composite girder / 1000
Stress at top of slab due to WL = Moment due to WL / Z Top of slab of composite girder / 1000
Stress at top of girder due to WL = Moment due to WL / Z Top of composite girder / 1000
Stress at bottom of girder due to WL = -Moment due to WL / Z bottom of composite girder / 1000
Stress at top of slab due to Removal of shutter = Moment due to Removal of shutter / Z Top of slab of composite girder / 1000
Stress at top of girder due to Removal of shutter = Moment due to Removal of shutter / Z Top of composite girder / 1000
Stress at bottom of girder due to Removal of shutter = -Moment due to Removal of shutter / Z bottom of composite girder / 1000
5.3.8 Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)
1) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress

2) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+ wind load(lead) (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+wind load (accompany)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+wind load (lead)
5) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+Temperature(accompany)
6) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+Temperature(lead)
a) Load combination
Load Case 1 (a) 1 (b) 2 (a) 2 (b) 3 (a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 4 (b) 5 (a)
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75 1
Wind load 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp (+ve) 0.6
Temp (-ve)
Load Case 5 (b) 5 (c) 5 (d) 6 (a) 6 (b) 6 (c) 6 (d)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 1 1 1 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75
Wind load
Temp (+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1
63 of 493
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DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75 1
Wind load 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp (+ve) 0.6
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 1 1 1 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75
Wind load
Temp (+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1
b) Stresses of girder at different load cases
Section 1 (a) 1 (b) 2 (a) 2 (b) 3 (a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 4 (b) 5 (a)
Top of slab 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.36
Top of girder -0.54 -0.54 -0.54 -0.54 -0.62 -0.62 -0.60 -0.60 -2.40
End
Bottom 5.24 5.24 5.24 5.24 5.42 5.42 5.38 5.37 8.67
Top of slab 0.46 0.42 0.48 0.44 1.26 1.23 1.08 1.05 1.58
Top of girder 1.44 1.42 1.46 1.43 2.04 2.01 1.90 1.88 0.24
L/8
Bottom 4.79 4.86 4.75 4.82 3.08 3.15 3.47 3.54 6.38
Top of slab 0.72 0.66 0.75 0.69 2.00 1.94 1.71 1.65 2.30
Top of girder 2.44 2.40 2.47 2.43 3.39 3.35 3.18 3.14 1.58
L/4
Bottom 3.27 3.40 3.20 3.32 0.55 0.68 1.16 1.29 3.88
Top of slab 0.92 0.84 0.97 0.89 2.36 2.28 2.05 1.97 2.66
Top of girder 2.87 2.81 2.90 2.85 3.94 3.88 3.70 3.64 2.12
3L/8
Bottom 2.61 2.78 2.51 2.68 -0.45 -0.28 0.23 0.39 2.90
Top of slab 1.02 0.93 1.07 0.98 2.45 2.36 2.14 2.05 2.75
Top of girder 3.41 3.33 3.44 3.37 4.46 4.39 4.23 4.16 2.65
L/2
Bottom 1.94 2.15 1.83 2.04 -1.10 -0.89 -0.44 -0.23 2.26
Section 5 (b) 5 (c ) 5 (d) 6 (a) 6 (b) 6 (c) 6 (c) Max comp. Max Tension
Top of slab 0.37 -0.22 -0.22 0.62 0.62 -0.35 -0.35 0.62 -0.35
Top of girder -2.40 0.21 0.21 -3.57 -3.57 0.78 0.78 0.78 -3.57
End
Bottom 8.67 4.90 4.89 10.80 10.80 4.50 4.50 10.80 4.50
Top of slab 1.55 1.00 0.97 1.61 1.58 0.64 0.61 1.61 0.42
Top of girder 0.22 2.86 2.83 -1.09 -1.11 3.27 3.24 3.27 -1.11
L/8
Bottom 6.45 2.60 2.68 8.97 9.04 2.67 2.74 9.04 2.60
Top of slab 2.25 1.72 1.66 2.22 2.16 1.25 1.19 2.30 0.66
Top of girder 1.54 4.20 4.15 0.17 0.12 4.52 4.48 4.52 0.12
L/4
Bottom 4.01 0.10 0.23 6.71 6.84 0.42 0.54 6.84 0.10
Top of slab 2.58 2.08 2.00 2.54 2.46 1.57 1.49 2.66 0.84
Top of girder 2.06 4.74 4.68 0.68 0.62 5.03 4.97 5.03 0.62
3L/8
Bottom 3.07 -0.88 -0.71 5.81 5.98 -0.48 -0.32 5.98 -0.88
Top of slab 2.65 2.16 2.07 2.63 2.53 1.66 1.56 2.75 0.93
Top of girder 2.57 5.26 5.19 1.20 1.13 5.56 5.49 5.56 1.13
L/2
Bottom 2.47 -1.51 -1.31 5.17 5.37 -1.13 -0.92 5.37 -1.51
64 of 493
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Top of slab 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.08 0.40
Top of girder -0.66 -0.66 -0.66 -0.66 -0.74 -0.74 -0.72 -0.72 -2.52
End
Bottom 6.40 6.39 6.40 6.39 6.58 6.58 6.53 6.53 9.83
Top of slab 0.51 0.48 0.53 0.50 1.32 1.29 1.14 1.10 1.64
Top of girder 1.16 1.14 1.18 1.16 1.76 1.74 1.63 1.60 -0.04
L/8
Bottom 6.73 6.81 6.69 6.76 5.02 5.10 5.41 5.48 8.32
Top of slab 0.80 0.74 0.83 0.78 2.08 2.02 1.79 1.73 2.39
Top of girder 1.95 1.91 1.98 1.93 2.90 2.85 2.69 2.64 1.09
L/4
Bottom 5.52 5.64 5.44 5.57 2.80 2.92 3.41 3.53 6.13
Top of slab 1.02 0.94 1.07 0.99 2.46 2.38 2.15 2.07 2.76
Top of girder 2.20 2.14 2.23 2.17 3.26 3.21 3.03 2.97 1.45
3L/8
Bottom 5.12 5.28 5.02 5.19 2.06 2.23 2.73 2.90 5.41
Top of slab 1.12 1.02 1.17 1.07 2.55 2.46 2.24 2.14 2.84
Top of girder 2.74 2.67 2.77 2.70 3.80 3.72 3.57 3.49 1.98
L/2
Bottom 4.48 4.69 4.38 4.58 1.44 1.65 2.11 2.31 4.81
Section 11 (b) 11 (c) 11 (d) 12 (a) 12 (b) 12 (c) 12 (d) Max comp. Max Tension
Top of slab 0.40 -0.19 -0.19 0.65 0.65 -0.32 -0.32 0.65 -0.32
Top of girder -2.52 0.09 0.09 -3.69 -3.69 0.67 0.67 0.67 -3.69
End
Bottom 9.83 6.05 6.05 11.96 11.95 5.66 5.66 11.96 5.66
Top of slab 1.61 1.06 1.02 1.67 1.64 0.70 0.67 1.67 0.48
Top of girder -0.06 2.58 2.55 -1.37 -1.39 2.99 2.96 2.99 -1.39
L/8
Bottom 8.39 4.55 4.62 10.91 10.98 4.61 4.68 10.98 4.55
Top of slab 2.33 1.80 1.74 2.30 2.24 1.33 1.27 2.39 0.74
Top of girder 1.05 3.70 3.66 -0.33 -0.37 4.03 3.98 4.03 -0.37
L/4
Bottom 6.25 2.35 2.48 8.96 9.08 2.66 2.79 9.08 2.35
Top of slab 2.68 2.18 2.10 2.64 2.56 1.67 1.59 2.76 0.94
Top of girder 1.39 4.06 4.00 0.01 -0.05 4.36 4.30 4.36 -0.05
3L/8
Bottom 5.58 1.63 1.80 8.32 8.49 2.02 2.19 8.49 1.63
Top of slab 2.75 2.26 2.16 2.73 2.63 1.76 1.66 2.84 1.02
Top of girder 1.91 4.59 4.52 0.54 0.46 4.89 4.82 4.89 0.46
L/2
Bottom 5.01 1.03 1.23 7.71 7.91 1.41 1.62 7.91 1.03

= 0.48*
= 19.20 Mpa > 12.0 Mpa
Permissible Tensile stress in concrete at service = -2.29 Mpa < -1.51 Mpa Hence O.K.
If stress with / without Live load at top of deck slab near support section only exceeds the permissible tensile stress i.e. 2.29Mpa.
Necessary reinforcement shall be provided to resist the tensile stress of deck slab.
Maximum tensile force =
Thickness of deck slab / (Max Tension at top of slab at end of girder - Max Tension at top of girder at end of girder) * ABS(Max
Tension at top of girder at end of girder) * Effective deck width * Max Tension at top of girder at end of girder / 2
= /(-)*ABS()*3.000*/2
= 14.33 kN
Permissible working stress = 240.00 MPa
Area of reinforcement required = ABS(Maximum tensile force) * 1000 / (Permissible working stress * 1.15)
= ABS()*1000/(*1.15)
= 51.9 mm2
Ast provided = PI() / 4 * 10^2 * Effective deck width * 1000 / 140 * 2
= PI()/4*10^2*3.000*1000/140*2
= 3365.99 mm2
Hence Provide 10 T @ 140 c/c + 10 T @ 140 c/c at top
5.3.9 Load Combination for frequent Combination (SL2) - for prestressing member

65 of 493
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a) Load combination
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.75
Wind load 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (+ve) 0.5
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Wind load
Temp (+ve) 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (-ve) 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.75
Wind load 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (+ve) 0.5
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Wind load
Temp (+ve) 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (-ve) 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Top of slab 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.05 0.05 0.11 0.11 0.33
Top of girder -0.54 -0.54 -0.54 -0.54 -0.60 -0.60 -0.56 -0.56 -2.09
End
Bottom 5.24 5.24 5.24 5.24 5.38 5.37 5.28 5.27 8.09
Top of slab 0.46 0.42 0.48 0.44 1.06 1.03 0.63 0.60 1.33
Top of girder 1.44 1.42 1.46 1.43 1.89 1.87 1.57 1.55 0.39
L/8
Bottom 4.79 4.86 4.75 4.82 3.51 3.58 4.41 4.49 6.26
Top of slab 0.72 0.66 0.75 0.69 1.68 1.62 1.00 0.94 1.94
Top of girder 2.44 2.40 2.47 2.43 3.16 3.11 2.65 2.61 1.65
L/4
Bottom 3.27 3.40 3.20 3.32 1.22 1.35 2.67 2.79 4.00
Top of slab 0.92 0.84 0.97 0.89 2.01 1.93 1.25 1.17 2.25
Top of girder 2.87 2.81 2.90 2.85 3.67 3.61 3.11 3.05 2.16
3L/8
Bottom 2.61 2.78 2.51 2.68 0.31 0.48 1.92 2.09 3.10
Top of slab 1.02 0.93 1.07 0.98 2.10 2.00 1.35 1.25 2.34
Top of girder 3.41 3.33 3.44 3.37 4.20 4.13 3.65 3.58 2.69
L/2
Bottom 1.94 2.15 1.83 2.04 -0.35 -0.14 1.25 1.45 2.45
66 of 493
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Top of slab 0.34 -0.15 -0.15 0.45 0.45 -0.13 -0.13 0.45 -0.15
Top of girder -2.09 0.09 0.09 -2.34 -2.34 0.27 0.28 0.28 -2.34
End
Bottom 8.08 4.94 4.94 8.53 8.53 4.75 4.75 8.53 4.75
Top of slab 1.30 0.84 0.81 0.96 0.92 0.37 0.34 1.33 0.34
Top of girder 0.37 2.57 2.55 -0.22 -0.25 2.39 2.37 2.57 -0.25
L/8
Bottom 6.33 3.11 3.18 7.71 7.78 3.94 4.01 7.78 3.11
Top of slab 1.88 1.45 1.39 1.31 1.25 0.73 0.67 1.94 0.66
Top of girder 1.61 3.83 3.78 0.85 0.80 3.46 3.42 3.83 0.80
L/4
Bottom 4.13 0.85 0.98 6.00 6.12 2.22 2.35 6.12 0.85
Top of slab 2.18 1.77 1.69 1.54 1.47 0.96 0.88 2.25 0.84
Top of girder 2.10 4.34 4.28 1.30 1.24 3.91 3.85 4.34 1.24
3L/8
Bottom 3.27 -0.05 0.12 5.27 5.44 1.49 1.66 5.44 -0.05
Top of slab 2.25 1.86 1.76 1.64 1.54 1.06 0.96 2.34 0.93
Top of girder 2.62 4.87 4.79 1.83 1.76 4.44 4.37 4.87 1.76
L/2
Bottom 2.66 -0.69 -0.49 4.61 4.82 0.83 1.04 4.82 -0.69
Top of slab 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.08 0.08 0.14 0.14 0.37
Top of girder -0.66 -0.66 -0.66 -0.66 -0.72 -0.72 -0.67 -0.67 -2.20
End
Bottom 6.40 6.39 6.40 6.39 6.53 6.53 6.43 6.43 9.24
Top of slab 0.51 0.48 0.53 0.50 1.12 1.09 0.69 0.66 1.39
Top of girder 1.16 1.14 1.18 1.16 1.61 1.59 1.30 1.27 0.12
L/8
Bottom 6.73 6.81 6.69 6.76 5.45 5.52 6.36 6.43 8.20
Top of slab 0.80 0.74 0.83 0.78 1.76 1.70 1.08 1.02 2.02
Top of girder 1.95 1.91 1.98 1.93 2.66 2.62 2.16 2.12 1.16
L/4
Bottom 5.52 5.64 5.44 5.57 3.47 3.60 4.91 5.04 6.25
Top of slab 1.02 0.94 1.07 0.99 2.11 2.03 1.35 1.27 2.35
Top of girder 2.20 2.14 2.23 2.17 3.00 2.94 2.44 2.38 1.49
3L/8
Bottom 5.12 5.28 5.02 5.19 2.81 2.98 4.43 4.59 5.61
Top of slab 1.12 1.02 1.17 1.07 2.20 2.10 1.45 1.35 2.44
Top of girder 2.74 2.67 2.77 2.70 3.53 3.46 2.98 2.91 2.02
L/2
Bottom 4.48 4.69 4.38 4.58 2.20 2.40 3.79 4.00 5.00
Top of slab 0.37 -0.12 -0.12 0.48 0.48 -0.10 -0.10 0.48 -0.12
Top of girder -2.20 -0.03 -0.02 -2.45 -2.45 0.16 0.16 0.16 -2.45
End
Bottom 9.24 6.10 6.09 9.69 9.68 5.91 5.91 9.69 5.91
Top of slab 1.35 0.90 0.87 1.01 0.98 0.43 0.40 1.39 0.40
Top of girder 0.09 2.29 2.27 -0.50 -0.52 2.11 2.09 2.29 -0.52
L/8
Bottom 8.27 5.05 5.12 9.66 9.73 5.88 5.95 9.73 5.05
Top of slab 1.96 1.53 1.47 1.39 1.33 0.81 0.75 2.02 0.74
Top of girder 1.11 3.33 3.29 0.35 0.31 2.97 2.92 3.33 0.31
L/4
Bottom 6.37 3.10 3.22 8.24 8.37 4.47 4.59 8.37 3.10
Top of slab 2.28 1.87 1.79 1.64 1.57 1.06 0.98 2.35 0.94
Top of girder 1.43 3.67 3.61 0.62 0.57 3.24 3.18 3.67 0.57
3L/8
Bottom 5.77 2.46 2.63 7.78 7.95 4.00 4.17 7.95 2.46
Top of slab 2.34 1.96 1.86 1.74 1.64 1.16 1.06 2.44 1.02
Top of girder 1.95 4.20 4.13 1.16 1.09 3.77 3.70 4.20 1.09
L/2
Bottom 5.20 1.85 2.05 7.15 7.36 3.37 3.58 7.36 1.85

= 0.36*
= 14.40 Mpa > 9.7 Mpa
Permissible Tensile stress in concrete at service = -2.29 Mpa < -0.69 Mpa Hence O.K.
5.4 Check for ultimate strength of girder in Flexure :-

Modulus of elasticity of concrete Ecm = 30098 MPa
Design yield strength fpd = 28.00 MPa
Modulus of elasticity of steel = 200.00 Gpa
67 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
0.67*/1.5
3000 0.00350 = 17.87
250 8523 kN
197.28
NA NA
3000 300
237 400 0.0455 4187 kN
650 Strain Diagram Stress Diagram
Top width of girder = 3000 mm

Width of web = 300 mm
Depth of girder = 3000 mm
Balanced neutral axis depth =
Strain at top of girder / (0.0055 + Design yield strength fpd / (Modulus of elasticity of steel * 1000)) * Depth of girder
= /(0.0055+/(*1000))*
= 1862 mm
Total strain at the prestress CG = 0.0035 / Actual neutral axis depth * (D1716 - Actual neutral axis depth - J1725)
= 0.0035/*(--)
= 0.04551
Total ultimate compressive force = 0.36 * Top width of girder * Actual neutral axis depth * Grade of concrete / 1000 if Actual neutral axis depth <=
Thickness of compression flange
= 0.36 * Width of web * Actual neutral axis depth + 0.446 * (Top width of girder - Width of web) * (0.15 * Actual
neutral axis depth + 0.65 * Thickness of compression flange) * Grade of concrete / 1000 if Actual neutral axis depth
> Thickness of compression flange
=
IF(<=,0.36**,0.36**+0.446*(-)*(0.15*+0.65*))*/1000
= 8523 kN
Compressive force CG = 0.416 * Actual neutral axis depth
= 0.416*
= 82.07 mm
Thickness of compression flange = 250 mm
Distance of prestress CG from bottom = 237 mm
Actual neutral axis depth = 197.28 mm The Section is under reinforced
Total ultimate tensile force = Total strain at the prestress CG * Modulus of elasticity of steel * Area of each Cable * total number of cables
**1000**(+)/1000
= 4187 kN
Moment of resistance = Total ultimate tensile force * (Depth of girder - Distance of prestress CG from bottom - Compressive force CG)
*(--)/1000
= 11224 kNm < 15102 kNm Hence not O.K.
At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Ultimate moment 405 6909 11611 14160 15102
Horizontal prestress after all losses (kN) 7146 7202 7315 7431 7619
Pre-strain in the cables after all losses 0.07767 0.07827 0.07950 0.08077 0.08280
Distance of prestress CG from bottom (mm) 834 579 379 221 237
Total width of web (mm) 650 300 300 300 300
Assumed neutral axis from top (mm) 197 197 197 197 197
Total strain at the prestress CG 0.1126 0.1177 0.1225 0.1266 0.1283
Average prestress at failure (MPa) 22518 23545 24499 25316 25663
Total compressive force by concrete (kN) 8523 8523 8523 8523 8523
Total tensile force by prestressing steel (kN) 10359 10832 11270 11646 11806
Difference in forces -1837 -2309 -2748 -3124 -3283
Moment of resistance (kNm) 17750 19928 21628 22981 22838
Effective lever arm between forces (m) 2.083 2.338 2.538 2.696 2.680
Factor of Safety associated with failure 43.80 2.88 1.86 1.62 1.51
Horizontal prestress after all losses = Cable force after fr. & slip loss at 5 days + Cable force after fr. & slip loss at 28 days - Total loss
Pre-strain in the cables after all losses = Horizontal prestress after all losses / (Area of each Cable * total number of cables) / E p
Total strain at the prestress CG = 0.0035 * (Depth of girder - Assumed neutral axis from top - Distance of prestress CG from bottom) / Assumed neutral axis from top + Pre-
strain in the cables after all losses
Average prestress at failure = Total strain at the prestress CG * Modulus of elasticity of steel
Total compressive force by concrete = 0.36 * Top width of girder * Assumed neutral axis from Top * grade of concrete if Assumed neutral axis from
Top <= Thickness of compression flange
= 0.36 * Total width of web * Assumed neutral axis from top + 0.446 * (Top width of girder - Total width of web)
* (0.15 * Assumed neutral axis from top + 0.65 * Thickness of compression flange) * Grade of concrete if Assumed
neutral axis from top > Thickness of compression flange
Total tensile force by prestressing steel = Average prestress at failure * Area of each Cable * total number of cables
Difference in forces = Total compressive force by concrete - Total tensile force by prestressing steel
Moment of resistance =
0.36 * Top width of girder * Assumed neutral axis from top * (Depth of girder - Distance of prestress CG from bottom - 0.42 *
Assumed neutral axis from top) * Grade of concrete if Assumed neutral axis from top <= Thickness of compression flange
=
0.36 * Total width of web * Assumed neutral axis from top * (Depth of girder - Distance of prestress CG from bottom - 0.42 *
Assumed neutral axis from top) + 0.446 * (Top width of girder - Total width of web) * Thickness of compression flange * (Depth of
girder - Distance of prestress CG from bottom - 0.5 * Thickness of compression flange) * Grade of concrete if Assumed neutral axis
from top > Thickness of compression flange
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By: SLS Sheet No.
Effective lever arm between forces = Moment of resistance / Total compressive force by concrete
Factor of Safety associated with failure = Moment of resistance / Ultimate moment
5.5 Design of Shear
Total loss after friction & Slip Loss
Description 1st stage stressing % Loss 2nd stage stressing % Loss

At 5 days
Elastic shortening 69.33 kN 3.5 %
Relaxation 43.42 kN 2.2 %
At 28 days
Elastic shortening 3.98 kN 0.2 % 3.98 kN 0.2 %
Shrinkage 1.64 kN 0.1 %
Relaxation 92.71 kN 4.6 % 43.42 kN 2.2 %
Creep 7.36 kN 0.4 %
At 60 days
Shrinkage 1.01 kN 0.1 % 1.01 kN 0.1 %
Relaxation 24.64 kN 1.2 % 73.93 kN 3.7 %
Creep 10.14 kN 0.5 % 10.14 kN 0.5 %
At 90 days
Shrinkage 0.72 kN 0.0 % 0.72 kN 0.0 %
Relaxation 0.00 kN 0.0 % 0.00 kN 0.0 %
Creep 11.46 kN 0.6 % 11.46 kN 0.6 %
At ∞ days
Shrinkage 6.52 kN 0.3 % 6.52 kN 0.3 %
Relaxation 234.71 kN 11.7 % 234.71 kN 11.7 %
Creep 22.82 kN 1.1 % 22.82 kN 1.1 %
Total 530.48 kN/cable 26.5 % 408.72 kN/cable 20.4 %
Total loss 1804.70 kN
Total loss =
Total loss per cable for 1st stage stressing * Number of cables (cable 1 to 3) + Number of cables for 2nd stage * Total loss per cable for 2nd stage stressing
Vertical Component of Cable Force (kN)

Cable No 0.350 4.100 7.850 11.600 15.350
Cable 1 2451.08 2466.38 2510.05 2552.90 2585.89
Vert. angle 2.66 2.66 2.66 0.00 0.00
Cable 2 2453.00 2468.29 2517.85 2564.56 2594.76
Vert. angle 3.67 3.67 3.67 0.00 0.00
Cable 3 2483.53 2498.74 2513.94 2529.15 2597.84
Vert. angle 4.08 4.08 4.08 4.08 0.00
Cable 4 1563.29 1572.88 1582.47 1592.06 1644.87
Vert. angle 5.07 5.07 5.07 5.07 0.00
Total Ver.
Comp. of 453.13 456.75 463.88 246.80 0.00
cable1 to 4
Force in cable = Cable force after Friction & Slip * COS(Vert. angle)
Total Ver. Comp. of cable1 to 4 = ∑(Force in cable - Total loss during 1st stage / 2nd stage stressing) * SIN(Vert. angle)
Ultimate Shear at Sections :-
Shear 2287 1986 1272 736 598

Ultimate Load
Moment 405 6909 11611 14160 15102
5.5.1 Section not requiring design shear reinforcement
i) Shear Capacity of Cracked Section as per clause 10.3.2(2) of IRC 112-2010
VRD.C = [0.12 * K(80 * r1 * fck)^0.33 + 0.15scp] * bw * d

Where, K = 1 + sqrt(200 / d) <= 2
r1 = Asl /(bw * d) <= 0.02
scp = NEd / Ac <= 0.2 x fcd
vmin = 0.031 *K^1.5 * fck^0.5
Subject to VRD.C MIN = {vmin + 0.15sCP) * bw * d
Where, d is in millimeters
fck = 40 Mpa
Where, NEd = axial compression, Ac = Area of section
fcd = acc * fck / gm
where, acc = 0.67 and gm = 1.5
69 of 493
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Description Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2

Prestress Force after all losses (kN) 7146.2 7201.6 7314.7 7431.5 7618.7
Effective width of the web in mm 650 300 300 300 300
Effective Depth of precast Section (d) in mm 1916 2171 2371 2529 2513
Effective Depth of composite Section (d) in mm 2266 2521 2721 2879 2863
K 1.297 1.282 1.271 1.264 1.264
Stress due to Prestress (scp) (Mpa) 3.573 3.573 3.573 3.573 3.573
Shear Resistance minimum (VRd,cmin) (kN) 1215.9 620.5 666.8 703.5 699.7
Reinforcement ratio considering Tendons, r 1 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001
Shear resistance ( VRd,c) (kN) 1018.5 550.3 588.7 619.2 615.9
Design Shear resistance ( VRd,c) (kN) 1018.5 550.3 588.7 619.2 615.9
Effective Depth of precast Section = Depth of Girder - CG of cables

Effective Depth of composite Section = Depth of Composite Girder - CG of cables
K = Minimum of 1 + SQRT(200 / Effective Depth of composite Section) & 2
Stress due to Prestress = Minimum of (Prestress Force after all losses * 1000 / Area of Precast Girder at Support) & (0.2 * 0.67 / 1.5 * fck)
Shear Resistance minimum = (0.031 * K^1.5 * fck^0.5 + 0.15 * Stress due to Prestress) * Effective width of the web * Effective Depth of composite Section
Reinforcement ratio considering Tendons = Minimum of (Area of each Cable * Total number of cables / (Effective width of the web * Effective Depth of composite Section))
& 0.02
Shear resistance = (0.12 * K * (80 * Reinforcement ratio considering Tendons * fck)^0.33 + 0.15 * Stress due to Prestress) * Effective width of the web * Effective Depth of
composite Section
Design Shear resistance = Minimum of Shear Resistance minimum & Shear resistance
ii) Shear Capacity of Uncracked Section as per clause 10.3.2(2) of IRC 112-2010
The shear resistance of the beam section uncracked in flexure is given below:-
VRd,c = ( I * bwc )/ S x √ (fctd2 + k1 scp fctd)
Where, I = Moment of inertia
bwc= Width of beam after deduction due to duct
S = First moment of area between cetroidal axis and extreme compression fibre about the centrodial axis.
fctd = design tensile strength of concrete = fctk / gm = 5.41 Mpa

Effective width of the Web 650 300 300 300 300
Effective Depth of the Section (d) 2266 2521 2721 2879 2863
Stress due to Prestress (scp) 3.573 3.573 3.573 3.573 3.573
Design tensile strength of the Concrete (f ctd) 5.41 5.41 5.41 5.41 5.41
First moment of inertia about the CG (S) 4.61E+09 3.29E+09 3.29E+09 3.29E+09 3.29E+09
Transmission length factor, k1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Moment of Inertia (I) (mm4) 2.4E+12 2.0E+12 2.0E+12 2.0E+12 2.0E+12
First moment of inertia about the CG = Thickness of compression flange * Top width of girder * (Depth of girder - Thickness of compression flange / 2 - Total CG from
bottom) + Effective width of the Web / 2 * (Depth of girder - Thickness of compression flange - Total CG from bottom)^2
Design Shear resistance = Moment of Inertia * Effective width of the Web / First moment of inertia about the CG * SQRT(Design tensile strength of the Concrete^2 +
Transmission length factor * Stress due to Prestress * Design tensile strength of the Concrete)
iii) Summary of the Shear resistance of the Beam when shear reinforcement isn't required :
The maximum shear capacity of the Beam as cl.10.3.2 (5) of IRC 112-2010
VEd ≤ 0.50 bw d n fcd
where, n = 0.60 [ 1 - fck/310]

Distance from bearing in m 0.00 3.75 7.50 11.25 15.00
Distance modification factor b for Precast Beam 1.00 0.86 1.00 1.00 1.00
Distance modification factor b for Composite 0.25 0.74 1.00 1.00 1.00
Effective Shear for Precast Beam 2287.3 1714.8 1271.7 735.8 598.4
Effective Shear for Composite Section (kN) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Effective Shear due to prestressing force (kN) 453.1 456.8 463.9 246.8 0.0
Total Shear force for the Beam (kN) 1834.2 1258.0 807.8 489.0 598.4
Precast member Area (m2) 2.05 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41
Zb (m3) 0.94 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77
Composite member Area (m2) 2.80 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16
Zb (m3) 1.30 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Stress due to prestress at tensile fibre sbpt (MPa) -0.867 -2.116 -3.804 -5.195 -5.158
Section at Maximum Bending Moment Uncracked Uncracked Uncracked Uncracked Uncracked
Shear capacity of Beam Section (kN) 2402.18 1297.94 1297.94 1297.94 1297.94
Maximum shear capacity of the Section (kN) 6875 3531 3810 4032 4009
Not Not Not
Whether shear reinforcement required or not Not Required Not Required
Required Required Required
70 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Distance modification factor b for Precast Beam = Minimum of (Maximum of 0.25 & Distance from bearing / (2 * Effective Depth of precast Section / 1000)) & 1
Distance modification factor b for Composite = Minimum of (Maximum of 0.25 & Distance from bearing / (2 * Effective Depth of Composite Section / 1000)) & 1
Effective Shear for Precast Beam = Ultimate Shear * Distance modification factor b for Precast Beam
Effective Shear for Composite Section = 0
Effective Shear due to prestressing force = Total Vertical Component of Cable Force
Total Shear force for the Beam = Effective Shear for Precast Beam + Effective Shear for Composite Section - Effective Shear due to prestressing force
Stress due to prestress at tensile fibre = Stress due to cable force after fr., slip & ES loss at 5 days + Stress due to cable force after fr., slip & ES loss at 28 days after stressing of
cable
If Stress due to prestress at tensile fibre < -design tensile strength of concrete, section is cracked, otherwise uncracked.
Shear capacity of Beam Section = Design Shear resistance for uncracked section or cracked section
Maximum shear capacity of the Section = 0.5 * Effective width of the Web * Effective Depth of the Section * (0.6 * (1 - fck / 310)) * fck * 0.67 / 1.5
If minimum of Shear capacity of Beam Section & Maximum shear capacity of the Section < Total Shear force for the Beam, shear reinforcement is required, otherwise not
required
iv) Calculation of Shear Resistance when Shear Reinforcement is Required :
The design for the Vertical stirrups for resisting shear is calculated in the table below as per Cl. No. 10.3.3.2 of IRC:112-2011.
The shear resistance with vertical stirrups is given by,
VRd,s = Asw / s. z. fywd cot q by Crushing of Compression strut
VRd,max = acw bw z v1 fcd / (cot q + tan q) by yielding of the Vertical reinforcement
Grade of reinforcement = Fe 500
gm = fctk / fctd = /
= 7.394
Design Tensile stress in stirrups (fywd = 0.8fyk/gm)
= 0.8*/
= 54.1 Mpa
Concrete Strength (fcd) = 50.0 Mpa
Minimum Shear reinf. ratio = 0.072sqrt(fck) / fyk
= (0.072*SQRT())/
= 0.00091
Coeff accounting stress in compression chord n1 = 0.6 if Grade of concrete < 80
= Maximum of (0.9 - Grade of concrete / 250) & 0.5 if Grade of concrete > 80
= IF(<80,0.6,MAX(0.9-/250,0.5))
= 0.60
Design of Vertical Transverse reinforcement (α = 90o)

Shear demand of Beam (kN) 1834.2 1258.0 807.8 489.0 598.4
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z (m) 2.08 2.34 2.54 2.70 2.68
Angle of compression strut q (degrees) 25.54 30.51 22.38 22.38 22.38
12 16 12 12 12
Dia of shear reinforcement provided (mm) + + + + +
16 0 0 0 0
Number of legs provided 2 2 2 2 2
Spacing of stirrups provided (mm) 125 125 125 125 125
Minimum area of Shear reinf. reqd Asw/s (mm2/mm) 0.59 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27
Area of shear reinf provided Asw/s (mm2/mm) 5.027 3.217 1.810 1.810 1.810
Check O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K.
Shear resistance provided by reinf VRD,s (kN) 1185 691 603 641 637
Coeff accounting stress in comp chord acw 1.071 1.071 1.071 1.071 1.071
Shear capacity of compression strut VRD,max (kN) 16928 9862 8616 9155 9098
Difference in shear resistance (kN) 15742.16 9171.47 8012.43 8513.62 8460.72
Shear capacity of the Section (kN) 1185.38 690.61 603.33 641.07 637.09
Increase in longitudinal tensile force DFtd (kN) 1919.40 1067.48 980.94 593.82 726.61
Total longitudinal tensile force (kN) 2113.99 4022.09 5556.32 5845.02 6362.34
Permissible longitudinal tensile force (kN) 8522.57 8522.57 8522.57 8522.57 8522.57
Check Hence O.K. Hence O.K. Hence O.K. Hence O.K. Hence O.K.
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z = Effective lever arm between forces = Moment of resistance / Total compressive force by concrete
Minimum area of Shear reinf. reqd = Minimum Shear reinf. ratio * Effective width of the web
Area of shear reinf provided = Number of legs provided * PI() * (Stirrup 1 dia / 2)^2 / Spacing of stirrups provided + Number of legs provided * PI() * (Stirrup 2 dia / 2)^2 /
Spacing of stirrups provided
Shear resistance provided by reinf = Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z * Area of shear reinf provided * Design Tensile stress in stirrups / TAN(Angle of compression
strut q)
Coeff accounting stress in comp chord
= (1 + Stress due to Prestress / Concrete Strength (fcd)) if Stress due to Prestress < 0.25 * Concrete Strength (fcd)
= 1.25 if Stress due to Prestress < 0.5 * Concrete Strength (fcd) & Stress due to Prestress > 0.25 * Concrete
Strength (fcd)
= 2.5 * (1 - Stress due to Prestress / Concrete Strength (fcd)) if Stress due to Prestress > 0.5 * Concrete Strength
(fcd) & Stress due to Prestress > 0.25 * Concrete Strength (fcd)
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Shear capacity of compression strut = Coeff accounting stress in comp chord * Effective width of the Web * Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z * Coeff accounting stress
in compression chord n1 * Concrete Strength (fcd) / (TAN(Angle of compression strut q) + 1 / TAN(Angle of compression strut q))
Difference in shear resistance = Shear capacity of compression strut - Shear resistance provided by reinf
Shear capacity of the Section = Minimum of Shear capacity of compression strut & Shear resistance provided by reinf
Factor of Safety associated with failure = Shear capacity of the Section / Shear demand of Beam
Increase in longitudinal tensile force = 0.5 * Shear demand of Beam / TAN(Angle of compression strut q)
Total longitudinal tensile force = Increase in longitudinal tensile force + (Ultimate moment / Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z)
Permissible longitudinal tensile force = Moment of resistance / Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z
5.6. Anchor Block
Check Bearing pressure
According to Manufacture's Catalog

Size of anchor flange = 130 mm
Dia of Hole = 10 mm
fb = 0.48xfcjxSQRT(A2/A1) or 0.8xfcj Whichever is smaller
fcj = fck (t) = fcm (t) - 10 = 25.53 N/mm2
A2 = (Total of Shrinkage, Relaxation & Creep losses for last 1 cable * 1000)^2 - PI() / 4 * Dia of Hole^2
= 85084.6014023374^2- 3.14/4x10^2
= 7239389317.25482 mm2
A1 = Size of anchor flange * Size of anchor flange - PI() / 4 * Dia of Hole^2
= 130x130- 3.14/4x10^2
= 16821.5 mm2
fb = Minimum of (0.48 * fcj * SQRT(A2 / A1)) & (0.8 * fcj)
= min (0.48fcjsqrt(A2/A1),0.8fcj)
= 20.43 N/mm2
Now, Maximum Cable Force after immediate Losses = 259.78 T
As per Manufacture's recommendation = 40% of above force to be taken by End Bearing
= 60% of above force to be taken by Anchorage
Cone and Concrete by friction
Bearing stress = N / A1 = 0.4 * Maximum Cable Force after immediate Losses * 1000 / A1
= 0.4**1000/
= 6.18 N/mm2 < 20.43 N/mm2 (fb) Hence O.K.
Busting reinforcement in end block
2Yo = 250 mm
2Ypo = Size of anchor flange = 130 mm
Ypo / Yo = /
= 0.52
As per Table 13.1 of IRC 112-2011
Fbst / Pk = 0.120
Fbst = Maximum Cable Force after immediate Losses * 1.3 * (Fbst / Pk)
= 0.12x1.3x259.78
= 40.53 kN
Area of Steel Required = Fbst/(0.87xfy)
= *1000/(0.87*)
= 93.16 mm2
Hence Provide 12 T- 4L- 4 Nos along Web and Normal to Web
Ast = Nos * No. of legs * PI() / 4 * dia^2
= **PI()/4*^2
= 1809.56 mm2
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5.7. Interface Shear Design for Composite section
The shear stress that arises between the interfaces of concrete placed at different times is reffered to as interface
shear. The interface shear is resisted by friction at the interface and by reinforcement placed across the shear plane.
The interface shear stress, Vedi <= the resisting capacity at the section, VRdi
Vedi = b Ved/zbi
Where, b = The ratio of longitudinal force in the new concrete and total longitudinal force
Ved = The tranverse shear force
z = Lever arm
bi = the width of interface
fck = = M40
Vrdi = msn + rfyd[msina+cosa] <= 0.5vfcd
Where, m = friction for rough surface = 0.7
fyd = Grade of reinforcement = 500 Mpa
sn = the minimum co existing normal stress < 0.6fcd = 0.00 Mpa
r = As/Aj where As is the area of reinforcement, Aj is the interface area of the joint
n1 = Coeff accounting stress in compression chord
= 0.6 if fck < 80
= Maximum of (0.9 - fck / 250) & 0.5 if fck > 80
= IF(<80,0.6,MAX(0.9-/250,0.5))
= 0.60
a = the angle of the reinforcement to the interface = 90.00 degree
fcd = acc*fck/gm
where, acc = 0.67
and gm = 1.5
fcd = */
= 17.87 Mpa

Shear demand of Beam,VEd (kN) 1834.18 1258.02 807.84 489.03 598.39
Ratio of Longitudinal forces (b) 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99
Interface Width bi ( mm) 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250
Design value of Shear Stress vEdi ( MPa) 0.70 0.43 0.25 0.14 0.18
Roughness Co-efficient, m 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70
Stress caused by minimum external normal force 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Dia of shear reinforcement provided (mm) 10 10 10 10 10
Minimum reinf. = 0.15% of area of interface 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875
Area of Reinforcement at interface, As (mm2/m) 2094.40 2094.40 2094.40 2094.40 2094.40
Area of the joint, Ai (mm2) 312500 312500 312500 312500 312500
Strength reduction factor (n) 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60
Design shear resistance at the Interface (vRdi) 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35
Status with respect to the Interface Shear Ok Ok Ok Ok Ok
Ratio of Longitudinal forces = ((Minimum of (Assumed neutral axis from top * 0.8) & Thickness of compression flange) * Top width of girder * Flexural stress at girder top /
1000) / Total compressive force by concrete
Interface Width bi = Top width of girder
Design value of Shear Stress = Shear demand of Beam * 1000 * Ratio of Longitudinal forces / (Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z * 1000 * Interface Width bi)
Minimum reinf. = 0.15% of area of interface = 0.15 / 100 * Interface Width bi * 1000
Area of Reinforcement at interface = PI() / 4 * Dia of shear reinforcement provided^2 * Number of legs provided / (Spacing of stirrups provided / 1000)
Area of the joint = Interface Width * Thickness of compression flange
Strength reduction factor = Coeff accounting stress in compression chord
Design shear resistance at the Interface = Minimum of (Roughness Co-efficient * Stress caused by minimum external normal force + (Area of Reinforcement at interface /
Area of the joint * Grade of reinforcement) * (Roughness Co-efficient * SIN(the angle of the reinforcement to the interface) + COS(the angle of the reinforcement to the
interface))) & (0.5 * Strength reduction factor * fcd)
5.8 Untensioned Reinforcement of Precast Girder
Vertical reiforcement
Vertical reiforcement = 0.18 % of web

= 0.18%x2750x300
= 1485.00 mm2 per meter
Hence provide 2 L- 12 T @ 150 c/c
Ast provided = (PI() * bar dia^2 / 4) * no. of legs / (spacing / 1000)

= (PI()*^2/4)*/(/1000)
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Longitudinal reinforcement =
Longitudinal reiforcement = 0.15 % of web

Total Area of Precast Girder at midspan = 1.41 m2
= 0.15%x1.41x1000000
= 2115 mm2 per meter
Hence provide 7- 16 T at Bottom top & 8- 12 T at Top
Ast provided = nos. of bar 1 * (PI() * dia of bar 1^2 / 4) + nos. of bar 2 * (PI() * dia of bar 2^2 / 4)
= *(PI()*^2/4)+*(PI()*^2/4)
Side Face Reinforcement
Side Face Reinforcement = 0.1 % of web Area

Area of steel required = *2.750*1000*0.300*1000/100
= 825 mm2
Minimum Reinf. at earth face (0.12%) = 0.12/100*(2.750*1000)*(0.300*1000)
= 990 mm2
Hence Provide 10 Nos. 12 ϕ on Each Face
Ast provided = no. of bars * PI() / 4 * bar dia^2 * 2

= *PI()/4*^2*2
= 2261.947 mm2/m > 990 mm2/m Hence O.K.
5.9 Calculation for Deflection of Longitudinal girders
(i) Precast Girder Prestress of cables 1, 2, 3 + wt of precast Girder at 5 days
Young Modulus = Ecm = 3.01E+07 kN/m2 = E
Section At support Near L/8 At L/4 At 3L/8 At L/2

Distance 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
CG of Precast girder from bottom, m 1.522 1.595 1.595 1.595 1.595
Moment of Inertia for Precast girder only (I) m4 1.434 1.234 1.234 1.234 1.234
CG of cables 1 to 2 from bot. (m) 0.742 0.491 0.318 0.201 0.212
Moment due to stressing after losses (kN-m) -4900.02 -6982.53 -8200.93 -9095.34 -9189.22
Moment due to Wt of Precast Girder (kN-m) -6.40 1753.70 3018.10 3786.79 4059.78
Total moment due to prestress + wt of precast Girder (kN-
-4906.4 -5228.8 -5182.8 -5308.6 -5129.4
m) (M)
M/EI (1/m) -0.00011 -0.00014 -0.00014 -0.00014 -0.00014
Moment due to stressing after losses = -Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss at 5 days * (CG of Precast girder from bottom - CG of cables 1 to 2 from bot.)
3.75 3.750 3.750 3.750

A B C D E
-0.000141 2 -0.000143
-0.000114 4 3 -0.000140 -0.000138
1
M/EI Diagram for Ist Stage Prestress after losses at 5 days
At Midspan
Average
Section Marked Distance CG from A M/EI Moment of M/EI about A
M/EI
A -0.00011
B 4 3.750 1.875 -0.00014 -0.00013 -0.00089444385119481
C 3 3.750 5.625 -0.00014 -0.00014 -0.00295616965296722
D 2 3.750 9.375 -0.00014 -0.00014 -0.00496467547846903
E 1 3.750 13.125 -0.00014 -0.00014 -0.00691517188731491
Total -0.015730460869946
Moment of M/EI about A = Average M/EI * Distance * CG from A
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress + wt of precast Girder = *1000

= -15.730 mm
= - L/ 1907
(ii) Precast Girder - Prestress of cables 4,5 + loss of Cables 1 to 3 at 28 days
Young Modulus = 5000 * SQRT(fck)

= 5000*SQRT()
= 3.16E+04 Mpa = E
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Distance 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
CG of cables 3 from bot. (m) 1.075 0.808 0.540 0.273 0.305
Moment due to loss of prestress (kN-m) 216.85 307.05 355.13 387.73 384.74
Total moment due to prestress + loss of prestress (kN-m)
-871.1 -1623.1 -2246.4 -2893.4 -2905.4
(M)
M/EI (1/m) -0.01921 -0.04159 -0.05756 -0.07414 -0.07444
Moment due to stressing after losses = -Cable Force After fr., slip & ES loss at 28 days after stressing of cable * (CG of Precast girder from bottom - CG of cables 3 from
bot.)
Moment due to loss of prestress = - loss bet. 5 - 28 days * (CG of Precast girder from bottom - CG of cables 1 to 2 from bot.)
3.8 3.750 3.750 3.750

A B C D E
-0.041587 2 -0.074137
-0.019206 4 3 -0.057559 -0.074443
1
At Midspan
Average
M/EI
A -0.019206
B 4 3.750 1.875 -0.041587 -0.0303961 -0.213722388380987
C 3 3.750 5.625 -0.057559 -0.0495728 -1.04567701916689
D 2 3.750 9.375 -0.074137 -0.0658480 -2.31496843638282
E 1 3.750 13.125 -0.074443 -0.0742901 -3.65646796682576
Total -7.23083581075645
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress + loss = *1000

= -7230.836 mm
So, Total Midspan deflection at 28 days = Midspan deflection due to Prestress & wt of precast Girder at 5 days + Midspan deflection due to Prestress + loss at
28 days
= +
= -7246.566 mm = - L/ 4
(iii) Precast Girder - Prestress + wt of precast Girder +wt of deck slab at 60 days

Distance 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
CG of all cables from bot.(m) 0.834 0.579 0.379 0.221 0.237
Loss = loss bet. 28 - 60 days 179.283 179.283 179.283 179.283 179.283
Moment due to prestressing losses of cables (kN-m) 123.210 182.171 217.935 246.394 243.390
Moment due to Wt of Deck Slab (kN-m) -10.331 970.352 1687.364 2140.704 2330.372
Total moment due to prestress loss + DL (kN-m) (M) 112.879 1152.524 1905.299 2387.098 2573.762
M/EI (1/m) 0.00249 0.02953 0.04882 0.06116 0.06595
Moment due to prestressing losses of cables = loss bet. 28 - 60 days * (CG of Precast girder from bottom - CG of all cables from bot.)
3.8 3.750 3.750 3.750

A B C D E
0.002489 0.029530 0.061163
4 0.048818 0.065946
3 1
2
At Midspan
Average
Section Marked Distance CG from A M/EI Moment of M/EI about A Rotation
M/EI
A 0.0024887
B 4 3.750 1.875 0.0295303 0.0160095 0.112566978369238 0.65148
C 3 3.750 5.625 0.0488182 0.0391743 0.826332405963902
D 2 3.750 9.375 0.0611630 0.0549906 1.93326372617041
E 1 3.750 13.125 0.0659458 0.0635544 3.1280679649041
Total 6.00023107540765

Rotation = ∑(Average M/EI * Distance)
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress losses + DL = *1000
= 6000.231 mm
Total Deflection at 60 days = Total Midspan deflection at 28 days + Midspan deflection due to Prestress losses & DL at 60 days
=-7,246.566+6,000.231
= -1246.335 mm
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(iv) Composite Girder - long term losses + SIDL+ Live load

Distance 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
CG of Composite girder from bottom, m 1.885 2.039 2.039 2.039 2.039
CG of cables from bot. (m) 0.834 0.579 0.379 0.221 0.237
Moment of Inertia for Composite girder (I) m4 2.443 2.040 2.040 2.040 2.040
Loss = Loss of Cables at 90 days + Loss bet. 90 days-∞

1003.160 1003.160 1003.160 1003.160 1003.160
days
Moment due to prestressing losses of cables (kN-m) 1053.525 1465.158 1665.271 1824.510 1807.700
Moment due to SIDL (kN-m) -16.783 354.762 626.195 841.231 1033.868
Moment due to LL (kN-m) -234.560 1665.322 2646.188 2962.060 2932.760
Total moment due to prestress Loss + SIDL + LL (kN-m)
802.182 3485.242 4937.654 5627.801 5774.328
(M)
M/EI (1/m) 0.01038 0.05402 0.07653 0.08723 0.08950
Moment due to prestressing losses of cables = Loss * (CG of Composite girder from bottom - CG of cables from bot.)
3.750 3.750 3.750 3.750

A B C D E
0.010382 0.054021 0.087231
4 0.076533 0.089502
3 1
2
M/EI Diagram for Ist Stage Prestress after losses at a days
At Midspan
Average
M/EI
A 0.01038
B 4 3.750 1.875 0.05402 0.03220 0.226415886817625 1.00398
C 3 3.750 5.625 0.07653 0.06528 1.37694331078751
D 2 3.750 9.375 0.08723 0.08188 2.87866794490495
E 1 3.750 13.125 0.08950 0.08837 4.34927999146857
Total 8.83130713397866

Rotation = ∑(Average M/EI * Distance)
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress losses = *1000
= 8831.307 mm
So, Midspan deflection due SIDL = 0.345 mm

= 0.000345 m
So, Midspan deflection due Footpath Live load = 0.024 mm
= 0.000024 m Values from
STAAD
So, Midspan deflection due Wind load = 0.112 mm output
= 0.000112 m
So, Midspan deflection due Live load = 1.012 mm
= 0.001012 m
Total Deflection at mid span = 1xDL+1.2xSIDL+1xLL+0.6xWL = (Total Deflection at 60 days + Midspan deflection due to long term Prestress losses) * 1 + Midspan
deflection due SIDL * 1.2 + Midspan deflection due Footpath Live load * 1 + Midspan deflection due Wind load * 1 + Midspan
deflection due Live load * 1
= (+)*1+*1.2+*1+*0.6+*1
= 7586.489 mm = L/4
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6.0 Calculation of Stresses for Girder LG2 = 31.000 m

Unit Weight at span = 35.25 kN/m
Unit Weight at support = 51.16 kN/m
1.250 1.750 1.250
0.475 0.4
0.1 0.063
2.75 1.950 1.850
0
0.4
0.175 0.175
0.65 2.350 0.65
Part of intermediate cross girder {1.25x(2.75-0.4)-(1.41-0.65x0.4)}x0.3x25 = 13.41 kN

Part of End cross girder {1.25x(2.75-0.4)-(2.05-0.65x0.4)}x0.6x25 = 17.27 kN
= 17.27 kN
= 13.41 kN
51.16 51.16
35.25
0.500 0.00 0.00 30.00 0.00 0.00 0.500
0.500 30.000 0.500

31.000
Support Reaction = 578.30 kN

Shear Force (kN) 535.5 535.5 271.1 138.9 6.7

Weight of shuttering & Conc. Live load = 6.500 kN/m
6.500
0.500 30.00 0.500

Distance (m) 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
Shear Force (kN) 97.5 73.1 48.8 24.4 0.0
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Average width of deck slab = 3.000 m
Wt. of End X-girder (1.75x(2.75-0.4))x0.6x25 = 61.688 kN
Wt of Inner X-girder (1.75x(2.75-0.4))x0.3x25 = 30.844 kN
= 61.688 = 30.844 = 61.688

0.55
18.750 11.25 kN/m
0.850 30.00 0.850

Distance (m) 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
Shear Force (kN) 296.7 226.4 156.0 85.7 15.4
Distance (m) 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
Construction load -0.8 319.1 547.6 684.7 730.4
Total wt of deck slab = -16.7 2724.1 4705.5 5927.5 6390.1
SIDL from staad output -13.7 398.8 705.0 932.9 1085.0
Removal of shutter 3.3 -246.4 -424.6 -531.6 -567.2
Footpath live load -6.4 64.8 120.9 175.77 230.46
Live load incl. snow load -216.0 1585.6 2519.6 2818.0 2743.6
Wind load (unloaded structure) 3.2 -240.7 -414.8 -519.35 -554.15
Wind load (loaded structure) -1.6 124.7 214.9 269.1 287.1
Construction load (1.5kN/m2) -0.2 73.6 126.4 158.0 168.6
Total Live Load -222.4 1650.4 2640.4 2993.8 2974.0
Total DL 832.1 761.8 427.1 224.6 22.1
SIDL from staad output 127.0 104.4 80.8 57.5 34.9
Footpath live load 0.5 17.0 16.6 16.5 16.5
Live load incl. snow load 594.5 486.1 343.8 201.6 307.8
Wind load (unloaded structure) -84.1 -63.1 -42.1 -21.0 0.0
Wind load (loaded structure) 43.6 32.7 21.8 10.9 0.0
Total 2940.6 2603.8 1635.6 932.8 727.9
1 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 (b) 1 1 1.5
3 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.9
3 (b) 1 1 1.5 0.9
4 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.15 1.5
4 (b) 1 1 1.15 1.5
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5 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.35 0.9

5 (b) 1 1 1.35 0.9
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1 -380.1 6851.0 11546.8 14125.4 14986.5
2 (a) -49.0 4562.5 7908.5 10038.3 10956.2
2 (b) -32.9 3310.0 5732.8 7264.0 7905.8
3 (a) -381.6 6963.3 11740.2 14367.6 15244.9
3 (b) -365.5 5710.7 9564.6 11593.3 12194.6
4 (a) -304.7 6460.5 10945.0 13481.2 14376.3
4 (b) -288.6 5207.9 8769.4 10706.9 11326.0
5 (a) -348.2 6715.7 11344.1 13918.5 14798.8
5 (b) -332.1 5463.2 9168.5 11144.2 11748.5
Maximum -381.6 6963.3 11740.2 14367.6 15244.9

1 2238.0 1965.8 1258.6 731.0 577.5
2 (a) 1411.0 1260.2 750.6 420.2 90.9
2 (b) 1024.5 915.3 540.6 298.5 57.0
3 (a) 2277.2 1995.2 1278.2 740.8 577.5
3 (b) 1890.8 1650.3 1068.1 619.1 543.6
4 (a) 2095.1 1838.8 1165.1 671.0 463.9
4 (b) 1708.7 1493.8 955.1 549.3 430.0
5 (a) 2188.0 1919.8 1224.1 708.1 528.8
5 (b) 1801.5 1574.8 1014.1 586.4 494.9
Maximum 2277.2 1995.2 1278.2 740.8 577.5
6.2 Cable Details
Maximum midspan Moment for outer girder =

Precast Girder Only = 4059.78 kN-m
Deck Slab & Cross Girder = 2330.37 kN-m
SIDL = 1085.03 kN-m
Wind load = 287.11 kN-m
Live Load = 2974.02 kN-m
Total Moment = 10736.3 kN-m
Area - A = 2.160 m2
Moment of Inertia - I = 2.040 m4
= 1.000 m
3
Z Bottom
Ultimate Force of each 19T13 strands P = 3000 kN
Applied Force = 2000 kN
"e" from CG of Girder = 1.802 m
Assum overall Loss = 30 %
Stress at bottom of Girder = NP/A+NP*e/ZBottom-M/Zbottom = 0
N = (M/ZBottom)/(P/A+P*e/ZBottom) = 3.39
Say, No of Cables Provided = 3.63
1.275
4
0.375
X X X 3
2.75 0.375
2
4 0.180 0.375
1 3 2 0.180 1 0.350
0.125
0.17 0.310 0.17
0.65 0.65
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0.50 15.000
Y
4.50
1 2 X 0.155
0.155
0.15 15.500
0.15
1.28 4
0.375
3
0.375 Z
2
0.375 0.180
1 0.180
0.125
0.35 0.50 4.500 4.50 1.80 4.200
.
Vertical bending of Cable 1 =Tan-1{(0.35-0.125)/(0.5+4.5-0.15)} = 2.656 o

Vertical bending of Cable 2 =Tan-1{(0.35+0.375-0.125-0.18)/(0.5+4.5+4.5-0.15)} = 3.672 o
Vertical bending of Cable 3 =Tan-1{(0.35+0.375+0.375-0.125-0.18-0.18)/(0.5+4.5+4.5+1.8-0.15)}= 4.078 o
Vertical bending of Cable 4 =Tan-1{(0.35+0.375+0.375+0.375-0.125-0.18-0.18)/(0.5+4.500+4.5+1.8-0.15)}= 5.074 o
Horizontal bending of Cable 1 2.536 o
Position of Cable

Cable No.
X Y Z X Y Z
1 0.000 0.000 0.350 4.850 0.000 0.125
2 0.000 0.000 0.725 9.350 -0.155 0.125
3 0.000 0.000 1.100 11.150 0.000 0.305
3 0.000 0.000 1.475 11.150 0.000 0.485

Cable No.
X Y Z X Y Z X Y Z
1 4.850 0.000 0.125 9.350 0.155 0.125 15.350 0.155 0.125
2 4.850 0.000 0.414 9.350 -0.155 0.125 15.350 -0.155 0.125
3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 15.350 0.000 0.305
3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 15.350 0.000 0.485

Cable 2 0.703 0.462 0.221 0.125 0.125
Cable 3 1.075 0.808 0.540 0.273 0.305
Cable 4 1.444 1.111 0.778 0.445 0.485

Modulous of Elasticity (E) = 200 Gpa = 200000000 kN/m2
Cross Sectional Area(A) = 127 mm2
Ultimate Force of each 19T13 strands (Breaking load each strand =183.7 kN) = 183.70 kN
Applied Force -P(je) = (90% of 0.1% proof load = =0.9*0.87*183.7) = 143.84 kN
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Slip (DL) = 6 mm.

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Cable 1 19 T13
Force after
Length (l) in Deflection Angle (f) Force after slip loss
Node Link
meter Degree Radian e (mf+kl) friction loss
(kN)
(kN)
1 143.84 2578.86
1-2 4.855 0.00 0.000 1.0073
2 142.79 2579.90
2-3 4.503 3.672 0.064 1.0230
3 139.58 2583.12
3-4 6.000 2.536 0.044 1.0203
4 136.81 2585.89
4.855 4.503 6.000
143.84 142.79 139.58
1 2 3 136.81
= 4
= 2583.12 2585.89
6.000
2578.86 2579.90
Assume Force of zero slip = 2585.89 kN
Point of Zero Slip from node 3 = 6.000 m
Area of Shaded Portion = ExAxDL = 152.01 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion = -37493.50 kN-m
Diferance of these two forces = 152.01--37493.5 = 37645.508 kN-m Hence not
Length of Cable = 30.716 m O.K.
Extension of cable at each side = 91.28 mm
Cable 2 19 T13
Force after
Node Link e (mf+kl) friction loss
meter Degree Radian (kN)
(kN)
1 143.84 5045.68
1-2 4.860 0.00 0.000 1.0073
2 142.79 5046.73
2-3 4.512 4.462 0.078 1.0266
3 139.09 5050.43
3-4 6.000 2.536 0.044 1.0203
4 136.33 2594.76
4.860 4.512 6.000
143.84 142.79
1 2 139.09 136.33
= 3
= 2594.76 4
5046.73 5050.43
5045.68 -5332.592
Point of Zero Slip from node 3 = -5332.592 m
Area of Shaded Portion = 19603993.18 kN-m
Diferance of these two forces = 152.01-19603993.18 = -19603841.165 kN-m Hence not
Extension of cable = 91.21 mm
Cable 3 19 T13
Force after
(kN)
1 143.84 2592.08
1-2 11.178 0.00 0.000 1.0169
2 141.45 2594.47
2-3 4.200 4.078 0.071 1.0244
3 138.08 2597.84
11.178 4.200
143.84 141.45
1 2 138.08
= 3
= 2597.84
2594.47 -3063.743
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2592.08
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Length of Cable = (11.178+4.199999999999 = 30.757 m O.K.
Cable 4 12 T13
Force after
(kN)
1 90.84 1640.86
1-2 11.194 0.00 0.000 1.0169
2 89.33 1642.37
2-3 4.200 5.074 0.089 1.0288
3 86.83 1644.87
11.194 4.200
90.84 89.33
1 2 86.83
= 3
= 1644.87
1642.37 -2608.358
1640.86
Cable No 0.350 4.100 7.850 11.600 15.350
Cable 1 2578.94 2579.74 2582.04 2584.16 2585.89
Vert. angle 2.656 2.656 2.656 0.000 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 2.536 0.000 0.000
C.G. 0.334 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125
Cable 2 5045.76 5046.57 5049.18 4138.51 2594.76
Vert. angle 3.672 3.672 3.672 0.000 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 2.536 2.536 0.000
C. G. 0.703 0.462 0.221 0.125 0.125
Cable 4 1640.90 1641.41 1641.92 1642.42 1644.87
Vert. angle 5.074 5.074 5.074 5.074 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.155 0.155 0.000
C. G. 1.444 1.111 0.778 0.445 0.485
Total cable
forces Normal 9246.04 9248.15 9246.10 8354.60 6825.53
at first stage
CG of Cable 0.731 0.483 0.293 0.188 0.212
Total cable
forces Per.
587.76 587.90 587.78 145.26 0.00
Cable 3 2592.15 2592.95 2593.76 2594.56 2597.84
Vert. angle 4.078 4.078 4.078 4.078 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
C. G. 1.075 0.808 0.540 0.273 0.305
Total cable
forces Normal
2585.59 2586.39 2587.19 2587.99 2597.84
CG of Cable 1.075 0.808 0.540 0.273 0.305
Total cable
forces Per.
184.35 184.41 184.47 184.52 0.00
Overall CG of 0.806 0.554 0.347 0.208 0.237
Cable
% loss -63.3 % -63.3 % -63.4 % -50.9 % -29.7 %
Cable No
(m) (mm)
Cable 1 30.716 91.28
Cable 2 30.744 91.21
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Cable 3 30.757 92.10

Cable 4 30.788 92.14
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Refer clause no.6.4.2.2, Annexure A-2 of IRC 112-2011 Average loss in Cable Stress = 1/2 m fc
fcm (t) = bcc(t)fcm bcc(t) = exp{S[1-(28/(t/t1)0^0.5]}
fcm = mean concrete compressive strength at age '28' days = 50 Mpa
t = Age of concrete in days = 5 days
t1 = 1 day S = 0.25
bcc(t) = 0.71 fcm (t) = 35.53 Mpa
fck (t) = 25.53 Mpa
corresponding Ecm = 22x(fcm/12.5)^0.3 = 30.10 Gpa
Ep = 200.00 Gpa m =Modular Ratio = Ec/Ecj = 6.65
Depth of Girder = 2.750 m Assume, Elastic Shortening = 69.33 kN/Cable
26.35 %
Area of each Cable = 165.00 mm2 Number of cables (cable 1 to 3) = 2.63 Nos
Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Midspan = Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Support =
Area = 1.410 m2 Area = 2.046 m2
I= 1.234 m4 I= 1.434 m4
CG = 1.595 m CG = 1.522 m
Cable Force (kN)
Dead Load Dead Load
Cable CG from Stress Stress at cable
Section After fr. & slip After fr., slip Moment (kN- Stress Total Stress (Mpa)
soffit (m) (Mpa) CG (Mpa)
loss & ES loss m) (kN/m2)
T -1.71 -0.01 -1.71

End 9246.04 9063.58 0.731 -6.40 8.38
B 12.03 0.01 12.04
T -3.01 1.64 -1.37
L/8 9248.15 9065.69 0.483 1753.70 13.94
B 19.46 -2.27 17.19
T -4.62 2.82 -1.79
L/4 9246.10 9063.64 0.293 3018.10 15.69
B 21.68 -3.90 17.78
T -4.97 3.54 -1.42
3L/8 8354.60 8172.14 0.188 3786.79 14.59
B 20.66 -4.89 15.77
T -3.89 3.80 -0.09
L/2 6825.53 6643.07 0.212 4059.78 10.46
B 16.59 -5.25 11.34
Average stress fc = (8.38+2x(13.94+15.69+14.59)+10.46)/8 = 13.41 Mpa
Average Loss of cable stress = 1/2 m fc = 44.56 Mpa
Loss of each cable due to Elastic shortening = 1/2 m fc As = 7.35 kN
-3.89 Mpa 3.80 Mpa -0.09 Mpa

> -1.57
Mpa
X X
+ = < 17.06
Mpa
Hence O.K.
16.59 Mpa -5.25 Mpa 11.34 Mpa
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Stress due to DL of Girder

Stress due to 1st stage stressing after
Precast Girder loss Resultant Stress at 7 days
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Permissible Compressive stress 0.48xfcm(t) = 17.06 MPa

Permissible tensile stress 0.7xftmj = 1.57 MPa
Total Relaxation Loss at service condition =

3 x (1000 hr. value)
Initial force after Friction, slip & ES loss (9064+2x(9066+9064+8172)+6643)/8 = 8538.70 kN
Percentage of Initial force = 1.082 UTS
Relaxation Loss at 1000hr. for low relaxation steel = 10.13 % of initial force
Relaxation Loss at 1000hr. for low relaxation steel 8538.7/2.63157894736842x10.13/100 = 328.73 kN/Cable
Immediate Loss i.e 1 hr. of stressing as per Table 6.2 of IRC 112-2011, = 37 % of Total Loss
5 - 28 days Loss 23 days 552 = 42.00 % of Total Loss
60 - 90 days Loss 30 days = 0.00 % of Total Loss
90 - a days Loss = 200.0 % of Total Loss
i.e. 3 x (1000 hr. value)
Immediate Loss i.e 1 hr. of stressing = 121.63 kN/Cable
5 - 28 days Loss = 138.07 kN/Cable
90-a days Loss = 657.47 kN/Cable
Total = 986.20 kN/Cable
986.199 49.31 %

Maximum Autogenous shrinkage strain eca = 0.000055 (refer table 6.6 of IRC:112 - 2011)
Where, bds(t,ts) = (t-ts)/[(t-ts)+0.04sqrt(ho^3) End of curing of concrete ts = 5.00 day
Grade of concrete = M40 Mean concrete strength fcm = 50.00 MPa
Precast Girder only
C/S area of girder at span Ac = 1.410 m2 Perimeter in contact with air u = 8.374 m
Nominal size of precast member h0=2Ac/u = 336.76 mm
Composite Girder
C/S area of comp. girder at span A c = 2.160 m2 Perimeter in contact with air u = 12.374 m
Nominal size of member h0=2Ac/u = 349.12 mm
The drying shrinkage strain ecd,0 =0.85*((220+110*ads1)*EXP(-ads2*fcm/fcm,o))*bRH/10^6 = 0.0004
Coefficient ads1 (normal cement) = 4.0 Coefficient ads2 (normal cement) = 0.12
The coefficient bRH = 1.55 x [1-RH/Rho]^3 = 1.02 fcmo = 12.50
Relative humidity of enviroment RH = 70.0 % RHo = 100 %
DPc+s+r = AP + DsPc+s+r = Ap * (ecs*EP+0.8*DPr+EP/Ecm*f(t,to)*scQP)

Autogenous Drying
Nominal size of
Days shrinkage factor
member h0 (mm)
shrinkage factor kh Shrinkage strain Loss due to shrinkage
bas(t) bas(t)
5 0.000 0 0.000 0.000 0.000000 0.00
28 0.653 337 0.085 0.741 0.000065 2.13
60 0.788 349 0.182 0.738 0.000105 1.32
90 0.850 349 0.256 0.738 0.000134 0.94
36500 1.000 349 0.993 0.738 0.000392 8.49
Total 12.872 0.64 %
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The coefficient a1 =(43.75/fcm)^0.7 = 0.91
The coefficient b(fcm) = 18.78/sqrt(fcm) = 2.66
The coefficient b (t0) = 1/(0.1+to^0.2) = 0.68
Where, age of concrete at first loading t0 =5 day
bc(t,to) =[(t-to)/(bH +t-to)]^0.3
For temperature greater than 40oC theby 10% in absence of accurate data coefficient may be increased by 10%
in absence of accurate data. This is valid for concrete using normal cement.
Days h0 (mm) fRH fo bH bc(t,to) fo concrete
5 0 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.00

28 337 1.36 2.434 760.89 0.347 0.929 13.60
60 349 1.35 2.426 780.24 0.442 1.180 4.12
90 349 1.35 2.426 780.24 0.499 1.330 1.80
36500 349 1.35 2.426 780.24 0.994 2.651 15.18
Total 34.70 1.73 %
Losses:- Shrinkage = 2.13 kN/Cable
Total Loss for 3 Cables = 1001.57 kN
fck for 28 days strength = M 40 Modulus of elasticity Ecm 30098 MPa
m =Modular Ratio = Ecm/Ecj = 6.65
Elastic Shortening = 35.13 kN/Cable Nomber of cables 2.632 Nos
Relaxation = 121.63 kN/Cable Depth of Girder 2.75 m
Area = 1.410 m2 Area = 2.046 m2
I= 1.234 m4 I= 1.434 m4
CG = 1.595 m CG = 1.522 m
Cable Force (kN)
Cable CG Cable CG
Stress at 5 loss bet. 5 - 28 Stress due to loss Total Stress Stress at cable
Section from soffit After fr. & After fr., slip from soffit Stress (Mpa)
days (kN/m2) days (Tons) (Mpa) (Mpa) CG (Mpa)
(m) slip loss & ES loss (m)
T -1.71 0.21 0.23 -1.28

End -1094.02 0.731 2585.59 2173.05 1.075 8.97
B 12.04 -1.45 2.09 12.68
T -1.37 0.36 -0.06 -1.06
L/8 -1094.02 0.483 2586.39 2173.85 0.808 15.15
B 17.19 -2.35 3.75 18.60
T -1.79 0.56 -0.60 -1.84
L/4 -1094.02 0.293 2587.19 2174.65 0.540 17.38
B 17.78 -2.62 4.51 19.67
T -1.42 0.66 -1.15 -1.91
3L/8 -1094.02 0.188 2587.99 2175.45 0.273 16.88
B 15.77 -2.77 5.26 18.26
T -0.09 0.64 -1.09 -0.54
L/2 -1094.02 0.212 2597.84 2185.30 0.305 12.70
B 11.34 -2.73 5.19 13.80
Average stress ss at CG of cables for 28 days = (8.97+2x(15.15+17.38+16.88)+12.7)/8 = 15.06 Mpa
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Loss of cable stress = m (fc-fc') = 10.96 Mpa

Loss of each cable due to Elastic shortening = m fc As = 1.81 kN
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-0.09 Mpa 0.64 Mpa -1.09 Mpa -0.54 Mpa

> -2.12
Mpa
+ + =
< 20.00
Mpa
11.34 Mpa -2.73 Mpa 5.19 Mpa 13.80 Mpa
cables 3
Permissible Compressive stress 0.5xfcm = 20.00 MPa

Losses for first 3 cables:- Losses for last 1 cable:-

Shrinkage = 1.32 kN/Cable Shrinkage = 1.32 kN/Cable
Relaxation = 69.03 kN/Cable Relaxation = 207.10 kN/Cable
Creep = 38.44 kN/Cable Creep = 38.44 kN/Cable
Total = 108.79 kN/Cable Total = 246.86 kN/Cable
actual time dependent losses = 108.79 kN/Cable actual time dependent losses = 246.86 kN/Cable
Total Loss of 4 Cables = 935.91 kN Actual Loss of third Cables = 649.63 kN
Area = 1.410 m2 Area = 2.046 m2
I= 1.234 m4 I= 1.434 m4
CG = 1.595 m CG = 1.522 m
Moment due
Stress at 28 days loss bet. 28 - Cable CG from Stress due to Total Stress Stress due to slab Total Stress Stress at cable
(kN/m2) 60 days (kN) soffit (m) loss (Mpa) (kN/m2) (Mpa) (Mpa) CG (Mpa)
m)
Top of girder -1.28 0.12 -1.16 -0.01 -1.17

End -935.91 0.806 -11.14 7.80
Bottom 12.68 -1.17 11.51 0.01 11.52
Top of girder -1.06 0.25 -0.81 1.21 0.39
L/8 -935.91 0.554 1289.46 12.07
Bottom 18.60 -1.92 16.68 -1.67 15.01
Top of girder -1.84 0.43 -1.41 2.09 0.68
L/4 -935.91 0.347 2234.99 12.85
Bottom 19.67 -2.17 17.50 -2.89 14.61
Top of girder -1.91 0.55 -1.36 2.64 1.29
3L/8 -935.91 0.208 2825.44 11.44
Bottom 18.26 -2.34 15.92 -3.65 12.27
Top of girder -0.54 0.53 -0.01 2.86 2.85
L/2 -935.91 0.237 3060.81 7.14
Bottom 13.80 -2.31 11.50 -3.96 7.54
-0.54 Mpa 0.53 Mpa 2.86 Mpa 2.85 Mpa

> -2.12
Mpa
+ + =
< 20.00
Mpa
13.80 Mpa -2.31 Mpa -3.96 Mpa 7.54 Mpa Hence O.K.
Stress due to loss between 28 to 60 Stress due to DL of Slab & wt
days of shuttering
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After 30 days casting of Deck Slab i.e.after 90 days casting of Precast Girder, Shuttering to be removed and
Apply of SIDL shall be done.
fck for precast girder at 90 days of Concrete I.e. 100% of fc = M 40 Mpa
Ecj = 30.1 Gpa Es = 200 Gpa
m =Modular Ratio = Ec/Ecj = 6.65
Sectional Properties of Composite Girder at Midspan = Sectional Properties of Composite Girder at Support =
Area = 2.160 m2 Area = 2.796 m2
I= 2.040 m4 I= 2.443 m4
CG = 2.039 m CG = 1.885 m
Total Loss = 100.62 kN/Cable
actual time dependent losses = 100.62 kN
Moment due to Stress due

Total Stress due at Loss of Cables CG of Cables from Stress due to Stress at cable
Section SIDL (kN- to SIDL Total Stress (Mpa)
60 days (Mpa) (kN) soffit (m) loss (Mpa) m) CG (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of slab 0.00 0.02 -0.01 0.01

Top of girder -1.17 0.01 -10.42 0.00 -1.17
End -100.62 0.806 7.72
Bottom 11.52 -0.12 0.01 11.41
Top of slab 0.00 0.03 0.08 0.11
Top of girder 0.39 0.01 152.44 0.06 0.47
L/8 -100.62 0.554 11.80
Bottom 15.01 -0.20 -0.15 14.66
Top of slab 0.00 0.04 0.15 0.19
Top of girder 0.68 0.02 280.34 0.11 0.82
L/4 -100.62 0.347 12.43
Bottom 14.61 -0.22 -0.28 14.11
Top of slab 0.00 0.05 0.21 0.26
Top of girder 1.29 0.03 401.28 0.16 1.47
3L/8 -100.62 0.208 10.87
Bottom 12.27 -0.23 -0.40 11.63
Top of slab 0.00 0.05 0.27 0.32
Top of girder 2.85 0.03 517.79 0.21 3.08
L/2 -100.62 0.237 6.47
Bottom 7.54 -0.23 -0.52 6.80
Average stress at 90 days = (7.72+2x(11.8+12.43+10.87)+6.47)/8 = 10.55 Mpa
0.00 Mpa 0.05 0.27 Mpa 0.32 Mpa

2.85 0.03 Mpa 0.21 3.08 Mpa
Mpa Mpa
+ + =
7.54 -0.23 Mpa -0.52 Mpa 6.80 Mpa

Stress due to SIDL Resultant Stress at 90 days
Resultant Stress at 60 days Loss of Cables between 60 to 90 days
6.3.5. Sustained Stress of composite girder at a days :-

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Loss bet. 90 Total Stress at Stress at

Total Stress at 90 CG of Cables from Stress due to a days without
Section days-a days cable CG
days (Mpa) soffit (m) loss (Mpa) live load
(kN) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of slab 0.01 0.76 0.77

Top of girder -1.17 0.29 -0.88
End -4241.35 0.806 4.24
Bottom 11.41 -5.04 6.37
Top of slab 0.11 1.31 1.42
Top of girder 0.47 0.54 1.01
L/8 -4241.35 0.554 5.31
Bottom 14.66 -8.26 6.40
Top of slab 0.19 1.77 1.96
Top of girder 0.82 0.89 1.70
L/4 -4241.35 0.347 4.56
Bottom 14.11 -9.14 4.97
Top of slab 0.26 2.07 2.33
Top of girder 1.47 1.12 2.60
3L/8 -4241.35 0.208 1.96
Bottom 11.63 -9.73 1.91
Top of slab 0.32 2.01 2.33
Top of girder 3.08 1.07 4.16
L/2 -4241.35 0.237 -2.21
Bottom 6.80 -9.60 -2.81
Average stress at a days = (4.24+2x(5.31+4.56+1.96)+-2.21)/8 = 3.21 Mpa
0.32 Mpa 2.01 2.33 Mpa

3.08 Mpa 1.07 Mpa 4.16 Mpa < 14.4 Mpa
Mpa Hence O.K.
+ =
6.80 Mpa -9.60 Mpa -2.81 Mpa < 0.00 Mpa

Hence not O.K.
Resultant Stress at 90 days Resultant Stress at a days
Loss of Cables inbet. 90 to a days
Total Stress at
Total Stress Total Live Load Stress due to Stress due to
0.6 x Wind load (kN- a days with
Section without live load Moment
m)
Live Load wind Load
live load
(Mpa) (kN-m) (Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of slab 0.77 -0.11 0.00 0.66

Top of girder -0.88 -222.40 -0.99 -0.09 0.00 -0.97
End
Bottom 6.37 0.17 0.00 6.54
Top of slab 1.42 0.86 0.04 2.32
Top of girder 1.01 1650.40 74.83 0.66 0.03 1.69
L/8
Bottom 6.40 -1.65 -0.07 4.67
Top of slab 1.96 1.37 0.07 3.39
Top of girder 1.70 2640.45 128.96 1.05 0.05 2.80
L/4
Bottom 4.97 -2.64 -0.13 2.20
Top of slab 2.33 1.56 0.08 3.97
Top of girder 2.60 2993.81 161.45 1.19 0.06 3.85
3L/8
Bottom 1.91 -2.99 -0.16 -1.25
Top of slab 2.33 1.55 0.09 3.96
Top of girder 4.16 2974.02 172.27 1.18 0.07 5.41
L/2
Bottom -2.81 -2.97 -0.17 -5.95
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2.33 Mpa 1.55 Mpa 3.96 Mpa

4.16 Mpa 1.18 5.41 Mpa < 14.40 Mpa
Mpa Hence O.K.
+ =
-2.81 Mpa -2.97 Mpa -5.95 Mpa < 0.00 Mpa

Hence not O.K.
Resultant Stress at a days Stress due to Live Load Resultant Stress at a days
Stress Diagram at Midspan of Composite Girder with SIDL & Live Load at a days
Permissible compressive stress in concrete at service = 0.36 x fck = 14.40 Mpa > 5.4 Mpa
Permissible Tensile stress in concrete at service = 0.00 Mpa < 0.7 Mpa Hence O.K.

Sectional Properties of Precast Girder
Precast Girder Midspan Support Composite Girder Midspan Support
Area = 1.410 2.046 m2 Area = 2.160 2.796 m2
I= 1.234 1.434 m4 I= 2.040 2.443 m4
CG = 1.595 1.522 m CG = 2.039 1.885 m
Z Top of slab = 2.124 2.191 m3
Z Top = 1.069 1.168 m 3 Z Top = 2.871 2.824 m3
Zbottom = 0.774 0.943 m3 Zbottom = 1.000 1.297 m3
DL of girder+ deck slab Prestressing force & Loss SIDL
Section CG of cables Loss of pre. Loss of comp. Moment (kN-
Moment (kN-m) Stress (Mpa) Prestress (kN) Stress (Mpa) Stress (Mpa)
(m) Girder (kN) girder (kN) m)

Top of girder -0.01 -0.79 0.00
End -16.73 9246.04 0.806 -1689.02 -5927.51 -13.67
Bottom 0.02 2.38 0.01
Top of girder 2.55 -1.68 0.14
L/8 2724.05 9248.15 0.554 -1689.02 -5927.51 398.83
Bottom -3.52 3.99 -0.40
Top of girder 4.40 -2.72 0.25
L/4 4705.46 9246.10 0.347 -1689.02 -5927.51 704.98
Bottom -6.08 4.78 -0.70
Top of girder 5.55 -2.89 0.32
3L/8 5927.49 8354.60 0.208 -1689.02 -5927.51 932.90
Bottom -7.66 3.08 -0.93
Top of girder 5.98 -1.91 0.38
L/2 6390.15 6825.53 0.237 -1689.02 -5927.51 1085.03
Bottom -8.26 -0.77 -1.08
Live load Wind load - loaded structure Temp (+ve) Temp (-ve)
Section Stress Stress Stress
Moment (kN-m) Stress (Mpa) Moment (kN-m)
(Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of slab -0.10 0.00 0.40 -0.38
Top of girder -0.08 0.00 -2.96 1.47
End -222.40 -0.99
Bottom 0.17 0.00 6.45 -0.39
Top of slab 0.78 0.04 0.40 -0.38
Top of girder 0.57 0.03 -2.96 1.47
L/8 1650.40 74.83
Bottom -1.65 -0.07 6.45 -0.39
Top of slab 1.24 0.06 0.40 -0.38
Top of girder 0.92 0.04 -2.96 1.47
L/4 2640.45 128.96
Bottom -2.64 -0.13 6.45 -0.39
Top of slab 1.41 0.08 0.40 -0.38
Top of girder 1.04 0.06 -2.96 1.47
3L/8 2993.81 161.45
Bottom -2.99 -0.16 6.45 -0.39
96 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Top of slab 1.40 0.08 0.40 -0.38

Top of girder 1.04 0.06 -2.96 1.47
L/2 2974.02 172.27
Bottom -2.97 -0.17 6.45 -0.39
97 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

a) Load combination
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75 1
Wind load 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp (+ve) 0.6
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 1 1 1 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75
Wind load
Temp (+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75 1
Wind load 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp (+ve) 0.6
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 1 1 1 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75
Wind load
Temp (+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1
b) Stresses of girder at different load casees
Top of slab 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.61 0.61 0.63 0.64 0.85
Top of girder -0.73 -0.73 -0.73 -0.73 -0.81 -0.81 -0.79 -0.79 -2.59
End
Bottom 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.34 2.34 2.30 2.30 6.21
Top of slab 1.49 1.45 1.51 1.47 2.29 2.25 2.11 2.07 2.50
Top of girder 1.20 1.17 1.22 1.19 1.79 1.76 1.66 1.63 0.00
L/8
Bottom -0.41 -0.33 -0.46 -0.38 -2.11 -2.03 -1.72 -1.64 1.81
Top of slab 2.18 2.11 2.22 2.15 3.46 3.39 3.17 3.11 3.66
Top of girder 2.25 2.20 2.28 2.23 3.20 3.15 2.99 2.94 1.39
L/4
Bottom -2.63 -2.49 -2.71 -2.57 -5.35 -5.20 -4.74 -4.60 -1.40
Top of slab 2.66 2.57 2.70 2.62 4.11 4.02 3.79 3.70 4.31
Top of girder 3.34 3.27 3.37 3.31 4.41 4.35 4.18 4.11 2.60
3L/8
Bottom -6.01 -5.82 -6.10 -5.92 -9.10 -8.91 -8.41 -8.23 -5.13
Top of slab 2.67 2.57 2.72 2.62 4.12 4.02 3.80 3.70 4.31
Top of girder 4.72 4.64 4.75 4.68 5.79 5.71 5.55 5.48 3.97
L/2
Bottom -10.25 -10.03 -10.35 -10.14 -13.33 -13.11 -12.65 -12.44 -9.35
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By: SLS Sheet No.
Top of slab 0.85 0.38 0.38 1.03 1.03 0.25 0.25 1.03 0.25
Top of girder -2.59 0.07 0.07 -3.76 -3.76 0.68 0.68 0.68 -3.76
End
Bottom 6.21 2.11 2.11 8.75 8.75 1.91 1.91 8.75 1.91
Top of slab 2.47 2.03 2.00 2.47 2.43 1.69 1.65 2.50 1.45
Top of girder -0.03 2.66 2.63 -1.33 -1.36 3.10 3.08 3.10 -1.36
L/8
Bottom 1.89 -2.30 -2.22 4.80 4.88 -2.04 -1.96 4.88 -2.30
Top of slab 3.59 3.19 3.13 3.51 3.44 2.73 2.66 3.66 2.11
Top of girder 1.35 4.06 4.01 -0.02 -0.07 4.41 4.36 4.41 -0.07
L/4
Bottom -1.26 -5.50 -5.36 1.84 1.98 -5.00 -4.86 1.98 -5.50
Top of slab 4.22 3.84 3.75 4.11 4.03 3.33 3.24 4.31 2.57
Top of girder 2.54 5.26 5.20 1.16 1.09 5.59 5.52 5.59 1.09
3L/8
Bottom -4.94 -9.24 -9.05 -1.80 -1.61 -8.64 -8.46 -1.61 -9.24
Top of slab 4.21 3.84 3.74 4.12 4.02 3.33 3.23 4.31 2.57
Top of girder 3.90 6.64 6.56 2.53 2.45 6.96 6.89 6.96 2.45
L/2
Bottom -9.13 -13.46 -13.24 -6.03 -5.81 -12.87 -12.66 -5.81 -13.46
Top of slab 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.77 0.77 0.79 0.80 1.01
Top of girder -0.89 -0.89 -0.89 -0.89 -0.97 -0.97 -0.95 -0.95 -2.75
End
Bottom 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.82 2.82 2.78 2.77 6.69
Top of slab 1.77 1.73 1.79 1.75 2.57 2.53 2.39 2.35 2.78
Top of girder 0.87 0.84 0.88 0.85 1.46 1.43 1.32 1.30 -0.34
L/8
Bottom 0.39 0.47 0.34 0.42 -1.31 -1.23 -0.93 -0.85 2.61
Top of slab 2.57 2.51 2.61 2.54 3.85 3.79 3.57 3.50 4.06
Top of girder 1.71 1.66 1.74 1.69 2.66 2.61 2.44 2.40 0.85
L/4
Bottom -1.67 -1.53 -1.75 -1.61 -4.39 -4.25 -3.78 -3.64 -0.44
Top of slab 3.13 3.04 3.18 3.09 4.59 4.50 4.26 4.18 4.78
Top of girder 2.76 2.69 2.79 2.73 3.84 3.77 3.60 3.53 2.02
3L/8
Bottom -5.39 -5.21 -5.49 -5.30 -8.48 -8.29 -7.80 -7.61 -4.51
Top of slab 3.13 3.02 3.17 3.07 4.57 4.47 4.26 4.16 4.77
Top of girder 4.34 4.26 4.37 4.30 5.41 5.33 5.17 5.10 3.59
L/2
Bottom -10.40 -10.19 -10.51 -10.29 -13.48 -13.26 -12.81 -12.59 -9.51
Top of slab 1.01 0.54 0.54 1.19 1.19 0.41 0.41 1.19 0.41
Top of girder -2.75 -0.09 -0.09 -3.92 -3.92 0.52 0.52 0.52 -3.92
End
Bottom 6.69 2.58 2.58 9.23 9.23 2.38 2.38 9.23 2.38
Top of slab 2.75 2.31 2.28 2.75 2.71 1.97 1.93 2.78 1.73
Top of girder -0.37 2.32 2.29 -1.67 -1.70 2.77 2.74 2.77 -1.70
L/8
Bottom 2.69 -1.50 -1.42 5.60 5.68 -1.24 -1.16 5.68 -1.50
Top of slab 3.99 3.59 3.52 3.91 3.84 3.12 3.06 4.06 2.51
Top of girder 0.80 3.51 3.46 -0.56 -0.61 3.87 3.82 3.87 -0.61
L/4
Bottom -0.30 -4.55 -4.41 2.80 2.94 -4.05 -3.90 2.94 -4.55
Top of slab 4.69 4.31 4.22 4.59 4.50 3.80 3.72 4.78 3.04
Top of girder 1.96 4.68 4.62 0.58 0.51 5.01 4.95 5.01 0.51
3L/8
Bottom -4.33 -8.62 -8.43 -1.18 -1.00 -8.03 -7.84 -1.00 -8.62
Top of slab 4.66 4.30 4.19 4.57 4.47 3.79 3.69 4.77 3.02
Top of girder 3.52 6.25 6.18 2.15 2.07 6.58 6.51 6.58 2.07
L/2
Bottom -9.29 -13.61 -13.40 -6.18 -5.96 -13.03 -12.81 -5.96 -13.61
Permissible Tensile stress in concrete at service = 0.00 Mpa > -13.61 Mpa Hence not
Stress with/without Live load at top of deck slab near support section only exceeds the permissible tensile stress i.e. 2.29Mpa. O.K.
99 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Maximum tensile force = -5.87 kN Permissible working stress = 240.00 MPa

Area of reinforcement required = 21.3 mm2 Ast provided= 3365.99 mm2
100 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

a) Load combination
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.75
Wind load 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (+ve) 0.5
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Wind load
Temp (+ve) 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (-ve) 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.75
Wind load 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (+ve) 0.5
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Wind load
Temp (+ve) 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (-ve) 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Top of slab 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.63 0.64 0.69 0.69 0.83
Top of girder -0.73 -0.73 -0.73 -0.73 -0.79 -0.79 -0.75 -0.75 -2.28
End
Bottom 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.30 2.30 2.21 2.20 5.53
Top of slab 1.49 1.45 1.51 1.47 2.09 2.05 1.66 1.63 2.27
Top of girder 1.20 1.17 1.22 1.19 1.65 1.62 1.33 1.30 0.15
L/8
Bottom -0.41 -0.33 -0.46 -0.38 -1.69 -1.61 -0.79 -0.71 1.58
Top of slab 2.18 2.11 2.22 2.15 3.14 3.08 2.46 2.40 3.31
Top of girder 2.25 2.20 2.28 2.23 2.97 2.92 2.46 2.42 1.46
L/4
Bottom -2.63 -2.49 -2.71 -2.57 -4.67 -4.53 -3.23 -3.09 -1.38
Top of slab 2.66 2.57 2.70 2.62 3.75 3.66 2.99 2.90 3.91
Top of girder 3.34 3.27 3.37 3.31 4.15 4.08 3.58 3.51 2.64
3L/8
Bottom -6.01 -5.82 -6.10 -5.92 -8.33 -8.15 -6.70 -6.52 -5.03
Top of slab 2.67 2.57 2.72 2.62 3.76 3.66 3.00 2.90 3.92
Top of girder 4.72 4.64 4.75 4.68 5.52 5.45 4.96 4.88 4.01
L/2
Bottom -10.25 -10.03 -10.35 -10.14 -12.57 -12.35 -10.95 -10.73 -9.25
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Top of slab 0.84 0.44 0.44 0.93 0.93 0.46 0.46 0.93 0.44
Top of girder -2.27 -0.06 -0.06 -2.53 -2.53 0.13 0.13 0.13 -2.53
End
Bottom 5.52 2.10 2.10 6.08 6.08 1.97 1.97 6.08 1.97
Top of slab 2.23 1.88 1.84 1.88 1.84 1.41 1.37 2.27 1.37
Top of girder 0.12 2.37 2.34 -0.46 -0.49 2.20 2.17 2.37 -0.49
L/8
Bottom 1.66 -1.85 -1.77 3.13 3.21 -0.98 -0.90 3.21 -1.85
Top of slab 3.24 2.92 2.85 2.67 2.60 2.20 2.13 3.31 2.11
Top of girder 1.41 3.68 3.63 0.66 0.61 3.32 3.27 3.68 0.61
L/4
Bottom -1.24 -4.80 -4.66 0.71 0.86 -3.39 -3.25 0.86 -4.80
Top of slab 3.83 3.52 3.43 3.18 3.09 2.71 2.62 3.91 2.57
Top of girder 2.57 4.85 4.79 1.77 1.70 4.43 4.36 4.85 1.70
3L/8
Bottom -4.84 -8.45 -8.26 -2.73 -2.55 -6.84 -6.66 -2.55 -8.45
Top of slab 3.82 3.53 3.42 3.19 3.09 2.72 2.62 3.92 2.57
Top of girder 3.94 6.23 6.15 3.15 3.07 5.81 5.73 6.23 3.07
L/2
Bottom -9.04 -12.68 -12.46 -6.97 -6.76 -11.08 -10.86 -6.76 -12.68
Top of slab 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.79 0.80 0.85 0.85 0.99
Top of girder -0.89 -0.89 -0.89 -0.89 -0.95 -0.95 -0.91 -0.91 -2.43
End
Bottom 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.78 2.77 2.68 2.68 6.00
Top of slab 1.77 1.73 1.79 1.75 2.37 2.33 1.94 1.91 2.55
Top of girder 0.87 0.84 0.88 0.85 1.31 1.28 1.00 0.97 -0.19
L/8
Bottom 0.39 0.47 0.34 0.42 -0.89 -0.81 0.01 0.09 2.37
Top of slab 2.57 2.51 2.61 2.54 3.54 3.47 2.86 2.79 3.71
Top of girder 1.71 1.66 1.74 1.69 2.42 2.37 1.92 1.87 0.92
L/4
Bottom -1.67 -1.53 -1.75 -1.61 -3.72 -3.58 -2.28 -2.14 -0.43
Top of slab 3.13 3.04 3.18 3.09 4.23 4.14 3.46 3.37 4.39
Top of girder 2.76 2.69 2.79 2.73 3.57 3.50 3.00 2.94 2.06
3L/8
Bottom -5.39 -5.21 -5.49 -5.30 -7.72 -7.53 -6.09 -5.90 -4.41
Top of slab 3.13 3.02 3.17 3.07 4.22 4.11 3.45 3.35 4.38
Top of girder 4.34 4.26 4.37 4.30 5.14 5.07 4.58 4.50 3.63
L/2
Bottom -10.40 -10.19 -10.51 -10.29 -12.72 -12.50 -11.10 -10.88 -9.41
Top of slab 1.00 0.60 0.60 1.09 1.09 0.62 0.62 1.09 0.60
Top of girder -2.43 -0.22 -0.22 -2.69 -2.69 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -2.69
End
Bottom 6.00 2.58 2.58 6.55 6.55 2.45 2.44 6.55 2.44
Top of slab 2.51 2.16 2.12 2.16 2.12 1.69 1.65 2.55 1.65
Top of girder -0.21 2.03 2.00 -0.80 -0.83 1.86 1.84 2.03 -0.83
L/8
Bottom 2.45 -1.05 -0.97 3.93 4.01 -0.18 -0.10 4.01 -1.05
Top of slab 3.64 3.31 3.25 3.06 3.00 2.59 2.53 3.71 2.51
Top of girder 0.87 3.13 3.09 0.12 0.07 2.78 2.73 3.13 0.07
L/4
Bottom -0.29 -3.85 -3.71 1.67 1.81 -2.44 -2.30 1.81 -3.85
Top of slab 4.30 4.00 3.91 3.65 3.56 3.18 3.09 4.39 3.04
Top of girder 1.99 4.28 4.21 1.19 1.12 3.85 3.79 4.28 1.12
3L/8
Bottom -4.22 -7.83 -7.65 -2.12 -1.93 -6.23 -6.04 -1.93 -7.83
Top of slab 4.27 3.98 3.88 3.65 3.54 3.18 3.07 4.38 3.02
Top of girder 3.56 5.85 5.77 2.76 2.69 5.43 5.35 5.85 2.69
L/2
Bottom -9.19 -12.83 -12.61 -7.13 -6.91 -11.23 -11.02 -6.91 -12.83
O.K.
102 of 493
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Grade of concrete = M40 Modulus of elasticity of concrete Ecm = 30098 MPa

Design yield strength fpd = 28.00 MPa Modulus of elasticity of steel = 200.00 Gpa
3000 0.00350 17.87

250 8523 kN
197.28
NA NA
3000 300
237 400 0.0455 7904 kN

Strain Diagram Stress Diagram
650
Top width of girder = 3000 mm Thickness of compression flange = 250 mm

Width of web = 300 mm Distance of prestress CG from bottom = 237 mm
Balanced neutral axis depth = 1862 mm Actual neutral axis depth 197.28 mm
Total strain at the prestress CG = 0.04551 The Section is under reinforced
Total ultimate compressive force = 8523 kN Total ultimate tensile force = 7904 kN
Compressive force CG 82.07 mm Moment of resistance = 21188 kNm
> 15245 kNm Hence O.K.

Ultimate moment 382 6963 11740 14368 15245
6.5 Design of Shear

At 5 days
At 28 days
Relaxation 259.70 kN 13.0 % 121.63 kN 6.1 %
Creep 118.77 kN 5.9 %
At 60 days
Shrinkage 1.32 kN 0.1 % 1.32 kN 0.1 %
Relaxation 69.03 kN 3.5 % 207.10 kN 10.4 %
Creep 38.44 kN 1.9 % 38.44 kN 1.9 %
At 90 days
Shrinkage 0.94 kN 0.0 % 0.94 kN 0.0 %
Relaxation 0.00 kN 0.0 % 0.00 kN 0.0 %
Creep 18.18 kN 0.9 % 18.18 kN 0.9 %
At ∞ days
Shrinkage 8.49 kN 0.4 % 8.49 kN 0.4 %
Relaxation 657.47 kN 32.9 % 657.47 kN 32.9 %
Creep 139.91 kN 7.0 % 139.91 kN 7.0 %
Total 1540.46 kN/cable 77.0 % 1228.60 kN 61.4 %
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Cable No 0.350 4.100 7.850 11.600 15.350
Cable 1 2576.16 2576.97 2579.27 2584.16 2585.89
Vert. angle 2.66 2.66 2.66 0.00 0.00
Cable 2 5035.40 5036.21 5038.81 4138.51 2594.76
Vert. angle 3.67 3.67 3.67 0.00 0.00
Cable 3 2585.59 2586.39 2587.19 2587.99 2597.84
Vert. angle 4.08 4.08 4.08 4.08 0.00
Cable 4 1634.47 1634.98 1635.48 1635.99 1644.87
Vert. angle 5.07 5.07 5.07 5.07 0.00
Total Ver.
Comp. of 382.04 382.23 382.60 110.53 0.00
cable1 to 4
Shear 2277 1995 1278 741 577

Ultimate Load
Moment 382 6963 11740 14368 15245
VRD.C = [0.12*K(80*r1*fck)^0.33+0.15scp]*bw*d Subject to VRD.C MIN = {vmin + 0.15sCP)*bw*d

Where, K = 1+sqrt(200/d) <= 2 Where, d is in millimeters
r1 = Asl/(bw*d) <= 0.02 fck = 40 Mpa
scp = NEd/Ac <= 0.2xfcd Where, NEd = axial compression, Ac = Area of section
vmin = 0.031*K^1.5*fck^0.5 fcd = acc*fck/gm where, acc =0.67 and gm = 1.5

K 1.295 1.280 1.270 1.263 1.264
Where, I = Moment of inertia bwc= Width of beam after deduction due to duct
fctd = design tensile strength of concrete = fctk/gm = 5.41 Mpa

Transmission length factor, k 1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
VEd ≤ 0.50 bw d n fcd where, n = 0.60 [ 1 - fck/310]
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Zb (m3) 0.94 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77
Zb (m3) 1.30 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Stress due to prestress at tensile fibre sbpt (MPa) -1.479 -3.067 -5.219 -6.115 -4.976
Section at Maximum Bending Moment Cracked Cracked Cracked Cracked Cracked
Whether shear reinforcement required or not Required Required Required Not Required Not Required
iv) Calculation of Shear Resistance when Shear Reinforcement is Required ::
Grade of reinforcement = Fe 500 Grade of concrete = M40
Design Tensile stress in stirrups (f ywd= 0.8fyk/gm) = 54.1 Mpa Concrete Strength (fcd) : = 50.0 Mpa
Minimum Shear reinf. ratio = 0.072sqrt(fck)/fyk = 0.00091 Coeff accounting stress in compression chord n 1
Design of Vertical Transverse reinforcement (a = 90 o) = 0.60
gm = fctk / fctd = 7.394

Dia of shear reinforcement provided (mm) 12+16 16 12 12 12
Shear resistance provided by reinf V RD,s (kN) 1202 698 611 644 637
Coeff accounting stress in comp chord a cw 1.071 1.071 1.071 1.071 1.071
Shear capacity of compression strut V RD,max (kN) 17158 9968 8726 9198 9098
Increase in longitudinal tensile force DF td (kN) 1983.25 1121.06 1087.50 765.36 701.22
6.6. Anchor Block
According to Manufacture's Catalog Size of anchor flange = 130 mm Dia of Hole = 10 mm

fcj = = 25.53 N/mm2
A2 = 246857.776293257^2-
3.14/4x10^2 = 6.0939E+10 mm2
A1 = 130x130- 3.14/4x10^2 = 16821.5 mm2
fb = min (0.48fcjsqrt(A2/A1),0.8fcj) 20.43 N/mm2
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By: SLS Sheet No.

Bearing stress = N/A1 = 12.01 N/mm2 < 20.43 N/mm2 Hence O.K.
106 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
2Yo = 250 mm 2Ypo = 130 mm

Ypo/Yo = 0.52 As per Table 13.1 of IRC 112-2011 Fbst/Pk = 0.120
Fbst = 0.12x1.3x504.92 = 78.77 kN
Area of Steel Required = Fbst/(0.87xfy) = 181.07 mm2
Hence Provide 12T- 4L -4Nos along Web and Normal to Web Ast = 1809.56 mm2
Vedi = b Ved/zbi
z = Lever arm
VRdi = msn + rfyd[msina+cosa] <=0.5vfcd fck = M40
m = friction for rough surface = 0.7 fyd = 500 Mpa
n1 = Coeff accounting stress in compression chord = 0.60
fcd = acc*fck/gm where, acc =0.67 and gm = 1.5 = 17.87 Mpa

Design value of Shear Stress v Edi ( MPa) 0.71 0.44 0.28 0.18 0.17
Minimum reinf.=0.15% of area of interface 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875
Design shear resistance at the Interface (v Rdi) 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35
6.8. Untensioned Reinforcement of Precast Girder

=0.18%x0x0 = 0 mm2 per meter
Hence provide 2L-12T @ 150 c/c Ast provide= 1506.666667 mm2 per meter
Longitudinal reinforcement = 0.15 % of web

Total Area of Precast Girder at midspan = 0 m2
=0.15%x0x1000000 = 0 mm2 per meter
Hence provide 7-16T at Bottomt top & 8-12T at Top Ast provide= 1909 mm2 per meter

Area of steel required = 0 mm2
Minimum Reinf. at earth face (0.12%) = 648 mm2
Hence Provide 10 Nos. 12 f on Each Face
Ast provided = 2261.946711 mm2/m > 648 mm2/m
Hence O.K.
107 of 493
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(i) Precast Girder - Prestress of cables 1, 2, 3 + wt of precast Girder at 5 days
Young Modulus = 3.01E+07 kN/m2
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Distance 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
CG of Precast girder from bottom , m 1.522 1.595 1.595 1.595 1.595
Moment of Inertia for Precast girder only (I)
1.434 1.234 1.234 1.234 1.234
m4
CG of cables 1 to 2 from bot.(m) 0.731 0.483 0.293 0.188 0.212
Total moment due to prestress+wt of precast

-7173.7 -8329.7 -8782.5 -7713.9 -5129.4
Girder (kN-m)
M/EI (1/m) -0.00017 -0.00022 -0.00024 -0.00021 -0.00014
3.75 3.750 3.750 3.750

A B C D E
-0.00022 2 -0.00021
-0.000166 4 3 -0.000236 1 -0.000138
At Midspan
Average
M/EI
A -0.00017
B 4 3.750 1.875 -0.00022 -0.00020 -0.00137257108427634
C 3 3.750 5.625 -0.00024 -0.00023 -0.00485866128031417
D 2 3.750 9.375 -0.00021 -0.00022 -0.00780633662749306
E 1 3.750 13.125 -0.00014 -0.00017 -0.00850871126873551
Total -0.0225462802608191
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress + wt of precast Girder = = -22.54628 mm

= - L/ 1331
Young Modulus = 3.16E+04 Mpa

Distance 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
CG of cables 3 from bot.(m) 1.075 0.808 0.540 0.273 0.305

-105.3 -494.8 -869.3 -1336.6 -1305.8
Girder (kN-m)
M/EI (1/m) -0.0023221 -0.0126773 -0.0222738 -0.0342465 -0.03346
3.8 3.750 3.750 3.750

A B C D E
-0.0126773 2 -0.0342465
-0.0023221 4 3 -0.022274 -0.0334570
1
At Midspan
Average
M/EI
A -0.00232
B 4 3.750 1.875 -0.01268 -0.00750 -0.0527322074442349
C 3 3.750 5.625 -0.02227 -0.01748 -0.3686251328349
D 2 3.750 9.375 -0.03425 -0.02826 -0.993520588905798
E 1 3.750 13.125 -0.03346 -0.03385 -1.66613883232373
Total -3.08101676150867
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress +loss = = -3081.017 mm

So, Total Midspan deflection at 28 days = = -3103.563 mm = - L/ 10
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Distance 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
Loss 935.915 935.915 935.915 935.915 935.915
Moment due to prestressing losses of cables
669.709 974.531 1167.946 1298.261 1270.574
(kN-m)
Total moment due to prestress+DL (kN-m) 659.377 1944.883 2855.310 3438.965 3600.946
M/EI (1/m) 0.0145377 0.0498324 0.0731597 0.0881143 0.09226
3.8 3.750 3.750 3.750

A B C D E
0.014538 0.0498324 0.0881143
4 0.0731597 1 0.0922646
3 2
At Midspan
Average
M/EI
A 0.01454
B 4 3.750 1.875 0.04983 0.03219 0.226301275791759 0.99190
C 3 3.750 5.625 0.07316 0.06150 1.29718260663308
D 2 3.750 9.375 0.08811 0.08064 2.8348945795202
E 1 3.750 13.125 0.09226 0.09019 4.43901253437316
Total 8.79739E+00
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress losses + DL = = 8797.391 mm

Total Deflection at 60 days =-3,103.563+8,797.391 = 5693.828 mm

Distance 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
CG of Composite girder from bottom , m 1.885 2.039 2.039 2.039 2.039
CG of cables from bot.(m) 0.806 0.554 0.347 0.208 0.237
Moment of Inertia for Composite girder (I)
2.443 2.040 2.040 2.040 2.040
m4
Loss 4341.973 4341.973 4341.973 4341.973 4341.97
4682.972 6450.835 7348.144 7952.714 7824.3
(kN-m)
Total moment due to prestress Loss+SIDL
(kN-m) 4682.972 6450.835 7348.144 7952.714 7824.3
M/EI (1/m) 0.0606056 0.0999877 0.1138960 0.1232668 0.12128
3.750 3.750 3.750 3.750

A B C D E
0.06061 0.0999877 0.1232668
4 0.1138960 0.1212758
3 1
2

At Midspan
Average
M/EI
A 0.06061
B 4 3.750 1.875 0.09999 0.08030 0.564586008433003 1.60534
C 3 3.750 5.625 0.11390 0.10694 2.25580497549243
D 2 3.750 9.375 0.12327 0.11858 4.16887749692424
E 1 3.750 13.125 0.12128 0.12227 6.01804143988755
Total 13.0073099207372
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress losses = = 13007.310 mm
So, Midspan deflection due SIDL = = 3.297 mm 0.000383
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So, Midspan deflection due FLL = = 0.624 mm 0.000070

So, Midspan deflection due Wind load = = 0.947 mm 0.000112
So, Midspan deflection due Live load = = 8.075 mm 0.000972
Total Deflection at mid span 1xDL+1.2xSIDL+1xLL+0.6xWL = 18714.740 mm L/ 2
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7.0 Calculation of Stresses for Girder LG2 = 31.000 m

Unit Weight at span = 35.25 kN/m
Unit Weight at support = 51.16 kN/m
1.250 1.750 1.250
0.475 0.4
0.1 0.063
2.75 1.950 1.850
0
0.4
0.175 0.175
0.65 2.350 0.65
Part of intermediate cross girder {1.25x(2.75-0.4)-(1.41-0.65x0.4)}x0.3x25 = 13.41 kN

Part of End cross girder {1.25x(2.75-0.4)-(2.05-0.65x0.4)}x0.6x25 = 17.27 kN
= 17.27 kN
= 13.41 kN
51.16 51.16
35.25
0.500 0.00 0.00 30.00 0.00 0.00 0.500
0.500 30.000 0.500

31.000

Shear Force (kN) 535.5 535.5 271.1 138.9 6.7

Weight of shuttering & Conc. Live load = 6.500 kN/m
6.500
0.500 30.00 0.500

Distance (m) 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
Shear Force (kN) 97.5 73.1 48.7 24.4 0.0
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Average width of deck slab = 3.000 m
Wt. of End X-girder (1.75/2x(2.75-0.4))x0.6x25 = 30.844 kN
Wt of Inner X-girder (1.75/2x(2.75-0.4))x0.3x25 = 15.422 kN
= 30.844 = 15.422 = 30.844

0.55
18.750 11.25 kN/m
0.850 30.00 0.850

Distance (m) 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
Shear Force (kN) 289.0 218.6 148.3 78.0 7.7
Distance (m) 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
Construction load -0.8 319.1 547.6 684.7 730.4
Total wt of deck slab = -16.7 2695.1 4647.6 5840.7 6274.5
SIDL from staad output -43.7 534.5 913.5 1092.1 1067.7
Removal of shutter -3.3 -246.4 -424.6 -531.6 -567.3
Live load incl. snow load -50.4 968.2 1746.5 2355.2 2786.9
Wind load (unloaded structure) 3.2 -240.7 -414.8 -519.33 -554.17
Wind load (loaded structure) -1.6 124.7 214.9 269.1 287.1
Construction load (1.5kN/m2) -0.2 73.6 126.4 158.0 168.6
Total Live Load -19.6 1116.1 2010.7 2673.2 3093.9
Total DL 824.4 754.1 419.4 216.9 14.4
SIDL from staad output 205.7 145.6 85.1 23.8 38.3
Live load incl. snow load 314.7 264.5 212.9 172.3 152.9
Wind load (unloaded structure) -84.1 -63.1 -42.1 -21.0 0.0
Wind load (loaded structure) 43.6 32.7 21.8 10.9 0.0
Total 2571.7 2241.1 1381.1 804.9 399.7

1 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 (b) 1 1 1.5
3 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.9
3 (b) 1 1 1.5 0.9
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4 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.15 1.5

4 (b) 1 1 1.15 1.5
5 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.35 0.9
5 (b) 1 1 1.35 0.9
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1 -128.5 6247.9 10888.9 13806.0 14979.9
2 (a) -101.6 4760.8 8195.2 10199.8 10769.7
2 (b) -62.9 3416.7 5883.5 7336.5 7772.9
3 (a) -129.9 6360.2 11082.3 14048.2 15238.3
3 (b) -91.3 5016.0 8770.5 11184.9 12241.4
4 (a) -124.1 6044.4 10507.5 13274.0 14327.7
4 (b) -85.4 4700.2 8195.8 10410.7 11330.8
5 (a) -127.0 6192.8 10780.7 13647.2 14774.2
5 (b) -88.3 4848.6 8468.9 10783.9 11777.4
Maximum -129.9 6360.2 11082.3 14048.2 15238.3

1 2041.2 1736.1 1073.2 602.5 336.0
2 (a) 1538.3 1321.8 747.8 350.8 86.6
2 (b) 1095.5 948.7 537.2 257.1 52.8
3 (a) 2080.4 1765.5 1092.8 612.3 336.0
3 (b) 1637.6 1392.4 882.2 518.5 302.2
4 (a) 1974.0 1677.0 1022.4 556.3 277.8
4 (b) 1531.2 1303.9 811.7 462.5 244.0
5 (a) 2023.6 1719.2 1057.0 585.5 311.0
5 (b) 1580.8 1346.1 846.4 491.7 277.2
Maximum 2080.4 1765.5 1092.8 612.3 336.0
7.2 Cable Details
Maximum midspan Moment for outer girder =

Precast Girder Only = 4059.78 kN-m
Deck Slab & Cross Girder = 2214.71 kN-m
SIDL = 1067.69 kN-m
Wind load = 287.12 kN-m
Live Load = 3093.91 kN-m
Total Moment = 10723.2 kN-m
Area - A = 2.160 m2
Moment of Inertia - I = 2.040 m4
= 1.000 m
3
Z Bottom
Ultimate Force of each 19T13 strands P = 3000 kN
Applied Force = 2000 kN
"e" from CG of Girder = 1.802 m
Assum overall Loss = 30 %
Stress at bottom of Girder = NP/A+NP*e/ZBottom-M/Zbottom = 0
N = (M/ZBottom)/(P/A+P*e/ZBottom) = 3.38
Say, No of Cables Provided = 3.63
1.275
4
0.375
X X X 3
2.75 0.375
2
4 0.180 0.375
1 3 2 0.180 1 0.350
0.125
0.17 0.310 0.17
0.65 0.65
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0.50 15.000
Y
4.50
1 2 X 0.155
0.155
0.15 15.500
0.15
1.28 4
0.375
3
0.375 Z
2
0.375 0.180
1 0.180
0.125
0.35 0.50 4.500 4.50 1.80 4.200
.
Vertical bending of Cable 1 =Tan-1{(0.35-0.125)/(0.5+4.5-0.15)} = 2.656 o

Vertical bending of Cable 2 =Tan-1{(0.35+0.375-0.125-0.18)/(0.5+4.5+4.5-0.15)} = 3.672 o
Vertical bending of Cable 3 =Tan-1{(0.35+0.375+0.375-0.125-0.18-0.18)/(0.5+4.5+4.5+1.8-0.15)}= 4.078 o
Vertical bending of Cable 4 =Tan-1{(0.35+0.375+0.375+0.375-0.125-0.18-0.18)/(0.5+4.500+4.5+1.8-0.15)}= 5.074 o
Position of Cable

Cable No.
X Y Z X Y Z
1 0.000 0.000 0.350 4.850 0.000 0.125
2 0.000 0.000 0.725 9.350 -0.155 0.125
3 0.000 0.000 1.10 11.150 0.000 0.305
3 0.000 0.000 1.48 11.150 0.000 0.485

Cable No.
X Y Z X Y Z X Y Z
1 4.850 0.000 0.125 9.350 0.155 0.125 15.350 0.155 0.125
2 4.850 0.000 0.414 9.350 -0.155 0.125 15.350 -0.155 0.125
3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 15.350 0.000 0.305
3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 15.350 0.000 0.485

Cable 2 0.703 0.462 0.221 0.125 0.125
Cable 3 1.075 0.808 0.540 0.273 0.305
Cable 4 1.444 1.111 0.778 0.445 0.485

Modulous of Elasticity (E) = 200 Gpa = 200000000 kN/m2
Cross Sectional Area(A) = 127 mm2
Ultimate Force of each 19T13 strands (Breaking load each strand =183.7 kN) = 183.70 kN
Applied Force -P(je) = (90% of 0.1% proof load = =0.9*0.87*183.7) = 143.84 kN
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Slip (DL) = 6 mm.
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Cable 1 19 T13
Force after
Node Link
meter Degree Radian e (mf+kl) friction loss
(kN)
(kN)
1 143.84 2578.86
1-2 4.855 0.00 0.000 1.0073
2 142.79 2579.90
2-3 4.503 3.672 0.064 1.0230
3 139.58 2583.12
3-4 6.000 2.536 0.044 1.0203
4 136.81 2585.89
4.855 4.503 6.000

143.84 142.79 139.58
1 2 3 136.81
= 4
= 2583.12 2585.89
6.000
2578.86 2579.90
Point of Zero Slip from node 3 = 6.000 m
Cable 2 19 T13
Force after
Length (l) in Deflection Angle (f) Degree Force after slip loss
meter Radian (kN)
(kN)
1 143.84 5045.68
1-2 4.860 0.00 0.000 1.0073
2 142.79 5046.73
2-3 4.512 4.462 0.078 1.0266
3 139.09 5050.43
3-4 6.000 2.536 0.044 1.0203
4 136.33 2594.76
4.860 4.512 6.000
143.84 142.79
1 2 139.09 136.33
= 3
= 2594.76 4
5046.73 5050.43
5045.68 -5332.592
Extension of cable = 91.21 mm
Cable 3 19 T13
Force after
(kN)
1 143.84 2592.08
1-2 11.178 0.00 0.000 1.0169
2 141.45 2594.47
2-3 4.200 4.078 0.071 1.0244
3 138.08 2597.84
11.178 4.200
143.84 141.45
1 2 138.08
= 3
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= 2597.84
2594.47 -3063.743
2592.08
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Cable 4 12 T13
Force after
(kN)
1 90.84 1640.86
1-2 11.194 0.00 0.000 1.0169
2 89.33 1642.37
2-3 4.200 5.074 0.089 1.0288
3 86.83 1644.87
11.194 4.200
90.84 89.33
1 2 86.83
= 3
= 1644.87
1642.37 -2608.358
1640.86

Cable No 0.350 4.100 7.850 11.600 15.350
Cable 1 2578.94 2579.74 2582.04 2584.16 2585.89
Vert. angle 2.656 2.656 2.656 0.000 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 2.536 0.000 0.000
C.G. 0.334 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125
Cable 2 5045.76 5046.57 5049.18 4138.51 2594.76
Vert. angle 3.672 3.672 3.672 0.000 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 2.536 2.536 0.000
C. G. 0.703 0.462 0.221 0.125 0.125
Cable 4 1640.90 1641.41 1641.92 1642.42 1644.87
Vert. angle 5.074 5.074 5.074 5.074 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.155 0.155 0.000
C. G. 1.444 1.111 0.778 0.445 0.485
Total cable
forces Normal 9246.04 9248.15 9246.10 8354.60 6825.53
at first stage
CG of Cable 0.731 0.483 0.293 0.188 0.212
Total cable
forces Per.
587.76 587.90 587.78 145.26 0.00
Cable 3 2592.15 2592.95 2593.76 2594.56 2597.84
Vert. angle 4.078 4.078 4.078 4.078 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
C. G. 1.075 0.808 0.540 0.273 0.305
Total cable
forces Normal
2585.59 2586.39 2587.19 2587.99 2597.84
CG of Cable 1.075 0.808 0.540 0.273 0.305
Total cable
forces Per.
184.35 184.41 184.47 184.52 0.00
Overall CG of 0.806 0.554 0.347 0.208 0.237
Cable
% loss -63.3 % -63.3 % -63.4 % -50.9 % -29.7 %
Cable No
(m) (mm)
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Cable 1 30.716 91.28

Cable 2 30.744 91.21
Cable 3 30.757 92.10
Cable 4 30.788 92.14
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Refer clause no.6.4.2.2, Annexure A-2 of IRC 112-2011 Average loss in Cable Stress = 1/2 m fc
fcm (t) = bcc(t)fcm bcc(t) = exp{S[1-(28/(t/t1)0^0.5]}
fcm = mean concrete compressive strength at age '28' days = 50 Mpa
t = Age of concrete in days = 5 days
t1 = 1 day S = 0.25
bcc(t) = 0.71 fcm (t) = 35.53 Mpa
fck (t) = 25.53 Mpa
corresponding Ecm = 22x(fcm/12.5)^0.3 = 30.10 Gpa
Ep = 200.00 Gpa m =Modular Ratio = Ec/Ecj = 6.65
Depth of Girder = 2.750 m Assume, Elastic Shortening = 69.33 kN/Cable
26.35 %
Area of each Cable = 165.00 mm2 Number of cables (cable 1 to 3) = 2.63 Nos
Area = 1.410 m2 Area = 2.046 m2
I= 1.234 m4 I= 1.434 m4
CG = 1.595 m CG = 1.522 m
Cable Force (kN)
Dead Load Dead Load
Cable CG from Stress Stress at cable
Section After fr. & slip After fr., slip Moment (kN- Stress Total Stress (Mpa)
soffit (m) (Mpa) CG (Mpa)
loss & ES loss m) (kN/m )2
T -1.71 -0.01 -1.71

End 9246.04 9063.58 0.731 -6.40 8.38
B 12.03 0.01 12.04
T -3.01 1.64 -1.37
L/8 9248.15 9065.69 0.483 1753.70 13.94
B 19.46 -2.27 17.19
T -4.62 2.82 -1.79
L/4 9246.10 9063.64 0.293 3018.10 15.69
B 21.68 -3.90 17.78
T -4.97 3.54 -1.42
3L/8 8354.60 8172.14 0.188 3786.79 14.59
B 20.66 -4.89 15.77
T -3.89 3.80 -0.09
L/2 6825.53 6643.07 0.212 4059.78 10.46
B 16.59 -5.25 11.34
Average stress fc = (8.38+2x(13.94+15.69+14.59)+10.46)/8 = 13.41 Mpa
Average Loss of cable stress = 1/2 m fc = 44.56 Mpa
Loss of each cable due to Elastic shortening = 1/2 m fc As = 7.35 kN
-3.89 Mpa 3.80 Mpa -0.09 Mpa
> -1.57
Mpa
X X
+ = < 17.06
Mpa
Hence O.K.
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16.59 Mpa -5.25 Mpa 11.34 Mpa

Stress due to 1st stage stressing after
Precast Girder loss
Stress due to DL of Girder Resultant Stress at 7 days
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Permissible Compressive stress 0.48xfcm(t) = 17.06 MPa

Total Relaxation Loss at service condition =

3 x (1000 hr. value)
Initial force after Friction, slip & ES loss (9064+2x(9066+9064+8172)+6643)/8 = 8538.70 kN
Percentage of Initial force = 1.082 UTS
Relaxation Loss at 1000hr. for low relaxation steel = 10.13 % of initial force
Relaxation Loss at 1000hr. for low relaxation steel 8538.7/2.63157894736842x10.13/100 = 328.73 kN/Cable
Immediate Loss i.e 1 hr. of stressing as per Table 6.2 of IRC 112-2011, = 37 % of Total Loss
60 - 90 days Loss 30 days = 0.00 % of Total Loss
90 - a days Loss = 200.0 % of Total Loss
i.e. 3 x (1000 hr. value)
Immediate Loss i.e 1 hr. of stressing = 121.63 kN/Cable
90-a days Loss = 657.47 kN/Cable
986.199 49.31 %

Maximum Autogenous shrinkage strain eca = 0.000055 (refer table 6.6 of IRC:112 - 2011)
Where, bds(t,ts) = (t-ts)/[(t-ts)+0.04sqrt(ho^3) End of curing of concrete ts = 5.00 day
Precast Girder only
C/S area of girder at span Ac = 1.410 m2 Perimeter in contact with air u = 8.374 m
Nominal size of precast member h0=2Ac/u = 336.76 mm
Composite Girder
C/S area of comp. girder at span A c = 2.160 m2 Perimeter in contact with air u = 12.374 m
Nominal size of member h0=2Ac/u = 349.12 mm
The drying shrinkage strain ecd,0 =0.85*((220+110*ads1)*EXP(-ads2*fcm/fcm,o))*bRH/10^6 = 0.0004
Coefficient ads1 (normal cement) = 4.0 Coefficient ads2 (normal cement) = 0.12
The coefficient bRH = 1.55 x [1-RH/Rho]^3 = 1.02 fcmo = 12.50
Relative humidity of enviroment RH = 70.0 % RHo = 100 %
DPc+s+r = AP + DsPc+s+r = Ap * (ecs*EP+0.8*DPr+EP/Ecm*f(t,to)*scQP)

Autogenous Drying
Nominal size of
Days shrinkage factor
member h0 (mm)
shrinkage factor kh Shrinkage strain Loss due to shrinkage
bas(t) bas(t)
5 0.000 0 0.000 0.000 0.000000 0.00
28 0.653 337 0.085 0.741 0.000065 2.13
60 0.788 349 0.182 0.738 0.000105 1.32
90 0.850 349 0.256 0.738 0.000134 0.94
36500 1.000 349 0.993 0.738 0.000392 8.49
Total 12.872 0.64 %
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The coefficient b(fcm) = 18.78/sqrt(fcm) = 2.66
The coefficient b (t0) = 1/(0.1+to^0.2) = 0.68
Where, age of concrete at first loading t0 =5 day
bc(t,to) =[(t-to)/(bH +t-to)]^0.3
For temperature greater than 40oC theby 10% in absence of accurate data coefficient may be increased by 10%
in absence of accurate data. This is valid for concrete using normal cement.
Days h0 (mm) fRH fo bH bc(t,to) fo concrete
5 0 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.00

28 337 1.36 2.434 760.89 0.347 0.929 13.60
60 349 1.35 2.426 780.24 0.442 1.180 4.12
90 349 1.35 2.426 780.24 0.499 1.330 1.81
36500 349 1.35 2.426 780.24 0.994 2.651 15.12
Total 34.65 1.73 %

Total Loss for 3 Cables = 1001.57 kN
fck for 28 days strength = M 40 Modulus of elasticity Ecm 30098 MPa
m =Modular Ratio = Ecm/Ecj = 6.65
Elastic Shortening = 35.13 kN/Cable Nomber of cables 2.632 Nos
Relaxation = 121.63 kN/Cable Depth of Girder 2.75 m
Area = 1.410 m2 Area = 2.046 m2
I= 1.234 m4 I= 1.434 m4
CG = 1.595 m CG = 1.522 m
Cable Force (kN)
Cable CG Cable CG
Stress at 5 loss bet. 5 - 28 Stress due to loss Total Stress Stress at cable
Section from soffit After fr. & After fr., slip from soffit Stress (Mpa)
days (kN/m2) days (Tons) (Mpa) (Mpa) CG (Mpa)
(m) slip loss & ES loss (m)
T -1.71 0.21 0.23 -1.28

End -1094.02 0.731 2585.59 2173.05 1.075 8.97
B 12.04 -1.45 2.09 12.68
T -1.37 0.36 -0.06 -1.06
L/8 -1094.02 0.483 2586.39 2173.85 0.808 15.15
B 17.19 -2.35 3.75 18.60
T -1.79 0.56 -0.60 -1.84
L/4 -1094.02 0.293 2587.19 2174.65 0.540 17.38
B 17.78 -2.62 4.51 19.67
T -1.42 0.66 -1.15 -1.91
3L/8 -1094.02 0.188 2587.99 2175.45 0.273 16.88
B 15.77 -2.77 5.26 18.26
T -0.09 0.64 -1.09 -0.54
L/2 -1094.02 0.212 2597.84 2185.30 0.305 12.70
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B 11.34 -2.73 5.19 13.80

Loss of cable stress = m (fc-fc') = 10.96 Mpa
Loss of each cable due to Elastic shortening = m fc As = 1.81 kN
126 of 493
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-0.09 Mpa 0.64 Mpa -1.09 Mpa -0.54 Mpa

> -2.12
Mpa
+ + =
< 20.00
Mpa
11.34 Mpa -2.73 Mpa 5.19 Mpa 13.80 Mpa
cables 3
Permissible Compressive stress 0.5xfcm = 20.00 MPa

Losses for first 3 cables:- Losses for last 1 cable:-

Shrinkage = 1.32 kN/Cable Shrinkage = 1.32 kN/Cable
Relaxation = 69.03 kN/Cable Relaxation = 207.10 kN/Cable
Creep = 38.44 kN/Cable Creep = 38.44 kN/Cable
Total = 108.79 kN/Cable Total = 246.86 kN/Cable
actual time dependent losses = 108.79 kN/Cable actual time dependent losses = 246.86 kN/Cable
Total Loss of 4 Cables = 935.91 kN Actual Loss of third Cables = 649.63 kN
Area = 1.410 m2 Area = 2.046 m2
I= 1.234 m4 I= 1.434 m4
CG = 1.595 m CG = 1.522 m
Moment due
Stress at 28 days loss bet. 28 - Cable CG from Stress due to Total Stress Stress due to slab Total Stress Stress at cable
(kN/m2) 60 days (kN) soffit (m) loss (Mpa) (kN/m2) (Mpa) (Mpa) CG (Mpa)
m)
Top of girder -1.28 0.12 -1.16 -0.01 -1.17

End -935.91 0.806 -11.14 7.80
Bottom 12.68 -1.17 11.51 0.01 11.52
Top of girder -1.06 0.25 -0.81 1.18 0.37
L/8 -935.91 0.554 1260.55 12.09
Bottom 18.60 -1.92 16.68 -1.63 15.05
Top of girder -1.84 0.43 -1.41 2.04 0.63
L/4 -935.91 0.347 2177.16 12.91
Bottom 19.67 -2.17 17.50 -2.81 14.68
Top of girder -1.91 0.55 -1.36 2.56 1.21
3L/8 -935.91 0.208 2738.69 11.53
Bottom 18.26 -2.34 15.92 -3.54 12.38
Top of girder -0.54 0.53 -0.01 2.76 2.74
L/2 -935.91 0.237 2945.15 7.26
Bottom 13.80 -2.31 11.50 -3.81 7.69
-0.54 Mpa 0.53 Mpa 2.76 Mpa 2.74 Mpa

> -2.12
Mpa
+ + =
< 20.00
Mpa
13.80 Mpa -2.31 Mpa -3.81 Mpa 7.69 Mpa Hence O.K.
Stress due to loss between 28 to 60 Stress due to DL of Slab & wt
days of shuttering
127 of 493
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After 30 days casting of Deck Slab i.e.after 90 days casting of Precast Girder, Shuttering to be removed and
Apply of SIDL shall be done.
fck for precast girder at 90 days of Concrete I.e. 100% of fc = M 40 Mpa
Ecj = 30.1 Gpa Es = 200 Gpa
m =Modular Ratio = Ec/Ecj = 6.65
Sectional Properties of Composite Girder at Midspan = Sectional Properties of Composite Girder at Support =
Area = 2.160 m2 Area = 2.796 m2
I= 2.040 m4 I= 2.443 m4
CG = 2.039 m CG = 1.885 m
Moment due to Stress due

Total Stress due at Loss of Cables CG of Cables from Stress due to Stress at cable
Section SIDL (kN- to SIDL Total Stress (Mpa)
60 days (Mpa) (kN) soffit (m) loss (Mpa) m) CG (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of slab 0.00 0.02 -0.02 -0.01

Top of girder -1.17 0.01 -47.00 -0.02 -1.18
End -101.17 0.806 7.74
Bottom 11.52 -0.12 0.04 11.44
Top of slab 0.00 0.03 0.15 0.18
Top of girder 0.37 0.01 288.10 0.11 0.49
L/8 -101.17 0.554 11.73
Bottom 15.05 -0.20 -0.29 14.56
Top of slab 0.00 0.04 0.25 0.30
Top of girder 0.63 0.02 488.85 0.19 0.84
L/4 -101.17 0.347 12.32
Bottom 14.68 -0.22 -0.49 13.97
Top of slab 0.00 0.05 0.29 0.34
Top of girder 1.21 0.03 560.51 0.22 1.46
3L/8 -101.17 0.208 10.82
Bottom 12.38 -0.23 -0.56 11.59
Top of slab 0.00 0.05 0.26 0.31
Top of girder 2.74 0.03 500.42 0.20 2.97
L/2 -101.17 0.237 6.62
Bottom 7.69 -0.23 -0.50 6.96
Average stress at 90 days = (7.74+2x(11.73+12.32+10.82)+6.62)/8 = 10.51 Mpa
0.00 Mpa 0.05 0.26 Mpa 0.31 Mpa

2.74 0.03 Mpa 0.20 2.97 Mpa
Mpa Mpa
+ + =
7.69 -0.23 Mpa -0.50 Mpa 6.96 Mpa

Resultant Stress at 60 days Loss of Cables between 60 to 90 days Stress due to SIDL Resultant Stress at 90 days
7.3.5. Sustained Stress of composite girder at a days :-

128 of 493
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129 of 493
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Loss bet. 90 Total Stress at Stress at

Total Stress at 90 CG of Cables from Stress due to a days without
Section days-a days cable CG
days (Mpa) soffit (m) loss (Mpa) live load
(kN) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of slab -0.01 0.76 0.75

Top of girder -1.18 0.29 -0.89
End -4233.79 0.806 4.26
Bottom 11.44 -5.04 6.40
Top of slab 0.18 1.31 1.49
Top of girder 0.49 0.54 1.03
L/8 -4233.79 0.554 5.25
Bottom 14.56 -8.25 6.31
Top of slab 0.30 1.76 2.06
Top of girder 0.84 0.89 1.73
L/4 -4233.79 0.347 4.46
Bottom 13.97 -9.12 4.85
Top of slab 0.34 2.07 2.41
Top of girder 1.46 1.12 2.58
3L/8 -4233.79 0.208 1.93
Bottom 11.59 -9.71 1.87
Top of slab 0.31 2.01 2.31
Top of girder 2.97 1.07 4.04
L/2 -4233.79 0.237 -2.05
Bottom 6.96 -9.59 -2.63
Average stress at a days = (4.26+2x(5.25+4.46+1.93)+-2.05)/8 = 3.19 Mpa
0.31 Mpa 2.01 2.31 Mpa

2.97 Mpa 1.07 Mpa 4.04 Mpa < 14.4 Mpa
Mpa Hence O.K.
+ =
6.96 Mpa -9.59 Mpa -2.63 Mpa < 0.00 Mpa

Hence not O.K.
Resultant Stress at 90 days Loss of Cables inbet. 90 to a days Resultant Stress at a days
Total Stress at
Total Stress Total Live Load Stress due to Stress due to
0.6 x Wind load (kN- a days with
Section without live load Moment
m)
Live Load wind Load
live load
(Mpa) (kN-m) (Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of slab 0.75 -0.01 0.00 0.74

Top of girder -0.89 -19.55 -0.99 -0.01 0.00 -0.90
End
Bottom 6.40 0.02 0.00 6.42
Top of slab 1.49 0.58 0.04 2.11
Top of girder 1.03 1116.13 74.82 0.44 0.03 1.50
L/8
Bottom 6.31 -1.12 -0.07 5.12
Top of slab 2.06 1.05 0.07 3.17
Top of girder 1.73 2010.69 128.95 0.80 0.05 2.58
L/4
Bottom 4.85 -2.01 -0.13 2.71
Top of slab 2.41 1.39 0.08 3.89
Top of girder 2.58 2673.23 161.44 1.06 0.06 3.70
3L/8
Bottom 1.87 -2.67 -0.16 -0.96
Top of slab 2.31 1.61 0.09 4.01
Top of girder 4.04 3093.91 172.27 1.23 0.07 5.34
L/2
Bottom -2.63 -3.09 -0.17 -5.89
130 of 493
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2.31 Mpa 1.61 Mpa 4.01 Mpa

4.04 Mpa 1.23 5.34 Mpa < 14.40 Mpa
Mpa Hence O.K.
+ =
-2.63 Mpa -3.09 Mpa -5.89 Mpa < 0.00 Mpa

Hence not O.K.
Resultant Stress at a days Stress due to Live Load Resultant Stress at a days
Stress Diagram at Midspan of Composite Girder with SIDL & Live Load at a days
Permissible Tensile stress in concrete at service = 0.00 Mpa < 0.7 Mpa Hence O.K.

Sectional Properties of Precast Girder
Precast Girder Midspan Support Composite Girder Midspan Support
Area = 1.410 2.046 m2 Area = 2.160 2.796 m2
I= 1.234 1.434 m4 I= 2.040 2.443 m4
CG = 1.595 1.522 m CG = 2.039 1.885 m
Z Top of slab = 2.124 2.191 m3
Z Top = 1.069 1.168 m3 Z Top = 2.871 2.824 m3
Zbottom = 0.774 0.943 m3 Zbottom = 1.000 1.297 m3
DL of girder+ deck slab Prestressing force & Loss SIDL

Section CG of cables Loss of pre. Loss of comp. Moment (kN-
Moment (kN-m) Stress (Mpa) Prestress (kN) Stress (Mpa) Stress (Mpa)
(m) Girder (kN) girder (kN) m)

Top of girder -0.01 -0.79 -0.02
End -16.73 9246.04 0.806 -1689.02 -5920.50 -43.74
Bottom 0.02 2.39 0.03
Top of girder 2.52 -1.68 0.19
L/8 2695.14 9248.15 0.554 -1689.02 -5920.50 534.47
Bottom -3.48 4.00 -0.53
Top of girder 4.35 -2.72 0.32
L/4 4647.63 9246.10 0.347 -1689.02 -5920.50 913.46
Bottom -6.01 4.79 -0.91
Top of girder 5.47 -2.89 0.38
3L/8 5840.74 8354.60 0.208 -1689.02 -5920.50 1092.11
Bottom -7.55 3.10 -1.09
Top of girder 5.87 -1.91 0.37
L/2 6274.48 6825.53 0.237 -1689.02 -5920.50 1067.69
Bottom -8.11 -0.75 -1.07
Live load Wind load - loaded structure Temp (+ve) Temp (-ve)
Section Stress Stress Stress
Moment (kN-m) Stress (Mpa) Moment (kN-m)
(Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of slab -0.01 0.00 0.40 -0.38
Top of girder -0.01 0.00 -2.96 1.47
End -19.55 -0.99
Bottom 0.02 0.00 6.45 -0.39
Top of slab 0.53 0.04 0.40 -0.38
Top of girder 0.39 0.03 -2.96 1.47
L/8 1116.13 74.82
Bottom -1.12 -0.07 6.45 -0.39
Top of slab 0.95 0.06 0.40 -0.38
Top of girder 0.70 0.04 -2.96 1.47
L/4 2010.69 128.95
Bottom -2.01 -0.13 6.45 -0.39
Top of slab 1.26 0.08 0.40 -0.38
Top of girder 0.93 0.06 -2.96 1.47
3L/8 2673.23 161.44
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Bottom -2.67 -0.16 6.45 -0.39

Top of slab 1.46 0.08 0.40 -0.38
Top of girder 1.08 0.06 -2.96 1.47
L/2 3093.91 172.27
Bottom -3.09 -0.17 6.45 -0.39
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a) Load combination
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75 1
Wind load 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp (+ve) 0.6
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 1 1 1 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75
Wind load
Temp (+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75 1
Wind load 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp (+ve) 0.6
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 1 1 1 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75
Wind load
Temp (+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1
b) Stresses of girder at different load casees
Top of slab 0.69 0.70 0.69 0.70 0.68 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.92
Top of girder -0.75 -0.74 -0.75 -0.74 -0.75 -0.75 -0.75 -0.75 -2.53
End
Bottom 2.21 2.20 2.21 2.20 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.21 6.09
Top of slab 1.56 1.51 1.58 1.53 2.11 2.06 1.99 1.94 2.33
Top of girder 1.23 1.19 1.25 1.21 1.64 1.60 1.55 1.51 -0.16
L/8
Bottom -0.52 -0.42 -0.57 -0.46 -1.69 -1.58 -1.44 -1.33 2.23
Top of slab 2.29 2.21 2.33 2.25 3.28 3.19 3.07 2.98 3.48
Top of girder 2.29 2.22 2.31 2.25 3.01 2.95 2.86 2.79 1.21
L/4
Bottom -2.79 -2.61 -2.87 -2.69 -4.88 -4.70 -4.43 -4.24 -0.93
Top of slab 2.74 2.64 2.79 2.69 4.05 3.95 3.76 3.66 4.24
Top of girder 3.32 3.25 3.36 3.28 4.29 4.21 4.08 4.00 2.47
3L/8
Bottom -6.07 -5.85 -6.17 -5.95 -8.84 -8.62 -8.24 -8.02 -4.87
Top of slab 2.66 2.56 2.71 2.61 4.16 4.06 3.83 3.73 4.35
Top of girder 4.60 4.53 4.64 4.56 5.71 5.64 5.47 5.39 3.90
L/2
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Bottom -10.07 -9.85 -10.17 -9.96 -13.26 -13.05 -12.56 -12.34 -9.29
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Top of slab 0.93 0.45 0.46 1.09 1.09 0.30 0.31 1.09 0.30
Top of girder -2.53 0.13 0.13 -3.72 -3.71 0.72 0.72 0.72 -3.72
End
Bottom 6.09 1.99 1.98 8.67 8.66 1.83 1.82 8.67 1.82
Top of slab 2.28 1.86 1.81 2.35 2.30 1.57 1.52 2.35 1.51
Top of girder -0.20 2.50 2.47 -1.44 -1.48 2.99 2.96 2.99 -1.48
L/8
Bottom 2.34 -1.88 -1.77 5.09 5.20 -1.75 -1.65 5.20 -1.88
Top of slab 3.39 3.01 2.92 3.40 3.32 2.62 2.53 3.48 2.21
Top of girder 1.14 3.87 3.80 -0.15 -0.22 4.28 4.22 4.28 -0.22
L/4
Bottom -0.75 -5.04 -4.85 2.15 2.34 -4.69 -4.51 2.34 -5.04
Top of slab 4.14 3.77 3.67 4.09 3.98 3.30 3.20 4.24 2.64
Top of girder 2.40 5.13 5.06 1.06 0.98 5.49 5.41 5.49 0.98
3L/8
Bottom -4.65 -8.98 -8.76 -1.62 -1.41 -8.47 -8.25 -1.41 -8.98
Top of slab 4.25 3.88 3.78 4.15 4.05 3.36 3.26 4.35 2.56
Top of girder 3.83 6.56 6.49 2.44 2.37 6.88 6.80 6.88 2.37
L/2
Bottom -9.07 -13.39 -13.18 -5.93 -5.72 -12.78 -12.56 -5.72 -13.39
Top of slab 0.85 0.86 0.85 0.86 0.84 0.85 0.85 0.85 1.08
Top of girder -0.91 -0.90 -0.91 -0.90 -0.91 -0.91 -0.91 -0.91 -2.69
End
Bottom 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.70 2.69 2.70 2.69 6.57
Top of slab 1.84 1.79 1.86 1.81 2.39 2.34 2.27 2.22 2.61
Top of girder 0.90 0.86 0.91 0.87 1.30 1.26 1.21 1.18 -0.49
L/8
Bottom 0.28 0.38 0.23 0.34 -0.89 -0.78 -0.64 -0.53 3.03
Top of slab 2.69 2.60 2.73 2.64 3.67 3.59 3.46 3.37 3.88
Top of girder 1.74 1.68 1.77 1.71 2.47 2.41 2.31 2.25 0.66
L/4
Bottom -1.83 -1.65 -1.91 -1.73 -3.92 -3.74 -3.47 -3.29 0.03
Top of slab 3.22 3.12 3.26 3.16 4.52 4.42 4.24 4.13 4.72
Top of girder 2.74 2.67 2.78 2.70 3.71 3.63 3.50 3.42 1.90
3L/8
Bottom -5.45 -5.23 -5.55 -5.33 -8.22 -8.00 -7.62 -7.40 -4.25
Top of slab 3.11 3.01 3.16 3.06 4.62 4.52 4.29 4.19 4.81
Top of girder 4.22 4.14 4.26 4.18 5.33 5.26 5.09 5.01 3.52
L/2
Bottom -10.22 -10.00 -10.32 -10.11 -13.41 -13.20 -12.71 -12.49 -9.44
Top of slab 1.09 0.61 0.62 1.25 1.25 0.46 0.47 1.25 0.46
Top of girder -2.69 -0.03 -0.03 -3.88 -3.87 0.56 0.56 0.56 -3.88
End
Bottom 6.56 2.46 2.46 9.15 9.14 2.30 2.30 9.15 2.30
Top of slab 2.56 2.14 2.09 2.63 2.58 1.85 1.80 2.63 1.79
Top of girder -0.53 2.17 2.13 -1.78 -1.81 2.66 2.62 2.66 -1.81
L/8
Bottom 3.14 -1.08 -0.97 5.89 6.00 -0.95 -0.85 6.00 -1.08
Top of slab 3.79 3.41 3.32 3.80 3.71 3.02 2.93 3.88 2.60
Top of girder 0.60 3.32 3.26 -0.70 -0.76 3.74 3.67 3.74 -0.76
L/4
Bottom 0.21 -4.08 -3.90 3.11 3.30 -3.73 -3.55 3.30 -4.08
Top of slab 4.61 4.25 4.14 4.56 4.46 3.78 3.67 4.72 3.12
Top of girder 1.82 4.56 4.48 0.48 0.40 4.91 4.84 4.91 0.40
3L/8
Bottom -4.04 -8.36 -8.14 -1.00 -0.79 -7.85 -7.63 -0.79 -8.36
Top of slab 4.71 4.34 4.24 4.60 4.50 3.82 3.72 4.81 3.01
Top of girder 3.44 6.18 6.10 2.06 1.99 6.50 6.42 6.50 1.99
L/2
Bottom -9.22 -13.54 -13.33 -6.08 -5.87 -12.93 -12.71 -5.87 -13.54
Stress with/without Live load at top of deck slab near support section only exceeds the permissible tensile stress i.e. 2.29Mpa. O.K.
Maximum tensile force = -8.54 kN Permissible working stress = 240.00 MPa
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Area of reinforcement required = 30.9 mm2 Ast provided= 3365.99 mm2

136 of 493
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a) Load combination
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.75
Wind load 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (+ve) 0.5
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Wind load
Temp (+ve) 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (-ve) 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.75
Wind load 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (+ve) 0.5
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Wind load
Temp (+ve) 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (-ve) 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Top of slab 0.69 0.70 0.69 0.70 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.70 0.89
Top of girder -0.75 -0.74 -0.75 -0.74 -0.75 -0.75 -0.75 -0.75 -2.23
End
Bottom 2.21 2.20 2.21 2.20 2.22 2.21 2.21 2.20 5.44
Top of slab 1.56 1.51 1.58 1.53 1.97 1.92 1.69 1.64 2.16
Top of girder 1.23 1.19 1.25 1.21 1.54 1.50 1.32 1.29 0.04
L/8
Bottom -0.52 -0.42 -0.57 -0.46 -1.40 -1.29 -0.79 -0.69 1.86
Top of slab 2.29 2.21 2.33 2.25 3.04 2.95 2.52 2.43 3.20
Top of girder 2.29 2.22 2.31 2.25 2.83 2.77 2.45 2.39 1.33
L/4
Bottom -2.79 -2.61 -2.87 -2.69 -4.36 -4.18 -3.27 -3.09 -1.07
Top of slab 2.74 2.64 2.79 2.69 3.73 3.62 3.04 2.94 3.89
Top of girder 3.32 3.25 3.36 3.28 4.05 3.97 3.54 3.47 2.54
3L/8
Bottom -6.07 -5.85 -6.17 -5.95 -8.16 -7.94 -6.70 -6.49 -4.85
Top of slab 2.66 2.56 2.71 2.61 3.79 3.69 3.00 2.90 3.95
Top of girder 4.60 4.53 4.64 4.56 5.44 5.36 4.85 4.78 3.93
L/2
Bottom -10.07 -9.85 -10.17 -9.96 -12.47 -12.26 -10.79 -10.57 -9.16
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Top of slab 0.89 0.49 0.50 0.93 0.94 0.46 0.47 0.94 0.46
Top of girder -2.23 -0.02 -0.01 -2.53 -2.52 0.13 0.14 0.14 -2.53
End
Bottom 5.44 2.02 2.02 6.08 6.07 1.97 1.97 6.08 1.97
Top of slab 2.11 1.76 1.71 1.91 1.86 1.44 1.39 2.16 1.39
Top of girder 0.00 2.26 2.22 -0.47 -0.51 2.19 2.15 2.26 -0.51
L/8
Bottom 1.97 -1.56 -1.45 3.12 3.23 -0.98 -0.88 3.23 -1.56
Top of slab 3.12 2.81 2.73 2.72 2.64 2.25 2.17 3.20 2.17
Top of girder 1.27 3.55 3.48 0.65 0.58 3.31 3.24 3.55 0.58
L/4
Bottom -0.89 -4.49 -4.31 0.68 0.86 -3.43 -3.25 0.86 -4.49
Top of slab 3.79 3.50 3.39 3.24 3.13 2.77 2.66 3.89 2.64
Top of girder 2.46 4.75 4.68 1.73 1.65 4.39 4.31 4.75 1.65
3L/8
Bottom -4.63 -8.27 -8.05 -2.74 -2.52 -6.84 -6.62 -2.52 -8.27
Top of slab 3.85 3.56 3.46 3.19 3.09 2.72 2.62 3.95 2.56
Top of girder 3.85 6.14 6.07 3.04 2.96 5.70 5.62 6.14 2.96
L/2
Bottom -8.95 -12.58 -12.37 -6.81 -6.60 -10.92 -10.71 -6.60 -12.58
Top of slab 0.85 0.86 0.85 0.86 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.86 1.05
Top of girder -0.91 -0.90 -0.91 -0.90 -0.91 -0.91 -0.91 -0.90 -2.39
End
Bottom 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.68 2.70 2.69 2.69 2.68 5.92
Top of slab 1.84 1.79 1.86 1.81 2.25 2.20 1.97 1.92 2.44
Top of girder 0.90 0.86 0.91 0.87 1.20 1.16 0.99 0.95 -0.30
L/8
Bottom 0.28 0.38 0.23 0.34 -0.60 -0.49 0.01 0.11 2.66
Top of slab 2.69 2.60 2.73 2.64 3.43 3.34 2.92 2.83 3.60
Top of girder 1.74 1.68 1.77 1.71 2.29 2.23 1.91 1.85 0.79
L/4
Bottom -1.83 -1.65 -1.91 -1.73 -3.40 -3.22 -2.31 -2.13 -0.11
Top of slab 3.22 3.12 3.26 3.16 4.20 4.10 3.52 3.41 4.36
Top of girder 2.74 2.67 2.78 2.70 3.47 3.39 2.96 2.89 1.96
3L/8
Bottom -5.45 -5.23 -5.55 -5.33 -7.54 -7.32 -6.08 -5.87 -4.23
Top of slab 3.11 3.01 3.16 3.06 4.25 4.15 3.45 3.35 4.40
Top of girder 4.22 4.14 4.26 4.18 5.06 4.98 4.47 4.40 3.55
L/2
Bottom -10.22 -10.00 -10.32 -10.11 -12.62 -12.41 -10.94 -10.72 -9.31
Top of slab 1.05 0.65 0.66 1.09 1.09 0.62 0.62 1.09 0.62
Top of girder -2.39 -0.18 -0.17 -2.69 -2.68 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -2.69
End
Bottom 5.92 2.50 2.49 6.56 6.55 2.45 2.45 6.56 2.45
Top of slab 2.39 2.04 1.99 2.19 2.14 1.72 1.67 2.44 1.67
Top of girder -0.33 1.92 1.88 -0.81 -0.84 1.85 1.82 1.92 -0.84
L/8
Bottom 2.77 -0.76 -0.65 3.92 4.03 -0.18 -0.08 4.03 -0.76
Top of slab 3.51 3.21 3.12 3.12 3.03 2.65 2.56 3.60 2.56
Top of girder 0.72 3.00 2.94 0.10 0.04 2.76 2.70 3.00 0.04
L/4
Bottom 0.07 -3.54 -3.35 1.64 1.82 -2.47 -2.29 1.82 -3.54
Top of slab 4.26 3.97 3.87 3.71 3.61 3.24 3.14 4.36 3.12
Top of girder 1.88 4.18 4.10 1.15 1.08 3.81 3.74 4.18 1.08
3L/8
Bottom -4.01 -7.65 -7.43 -2.12 -1.90 -6.22 -6.00 -1.90 -7.65
Top of slab 4.30 4.01 3.91 3.64 3.54 3.17 3.07 4.40 3.01
Top of girder 3.47 5.76 5.69 2.66 2.58 5.32 5.24 5.76 2.58
L/2
Bottom -9.10 -12.73 -12.52 -6.96 -6.75 -11.07 -10.86 -6.75 -12.73
O.K.
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Grade of concrete = M40 Modulus of elasticity of concrete Ecm = 30098 MPa

Design yield strength fpd = 28.00 MPa Modulus of elasticity of steel = 200.00 Gpa
3000 0.00350 17.87

250 8523 kN
197.28
NA NA
3000 300
237 400 0.0455 7904 kN

650
Top width of girder = 3000 mm Thickness of compression flange = 250 mm

Width of web = 300 mm Distance of prestress CG from bottom = 237 mm
Balanced neutral axis depth = 1862 mm Actual neutral axis depth 197.28 mm
Total strain at the prestress CG = 0.04551 The Section is under reinforced
Total ultimate compressive force = 8523 kN Total ultimate tensile force = 7904 kN
Compressive force CG 82.07 mm Moment of resistance = 21188 kNm
> 15238 kNm Hence O.K.

Ultimate moment 130 6360 11082 14048 15238
7.5 Design of Shear

At 5 days
At 28 days
Relaxation 259.70 kN 13.0 % 121.63 kN 6.1 %
Creep 118.77 kN 5.9 %
At 60 days
Shrinkage 1.32 kN 0.1 % 1.32 kN 0.1 %
Relaxation 69.03 kN 3.5 % 207.10 kN 10.4 %
Creep 38.44 kN 1.9 % 38.44 kN 1.9 %
At 90 days
Shrinkage 0.94 kN 0.0 % 0.94 kN 0.0 %
Relaxation 0.00 kN 0.0 % 0.00 kN 0.0 %
Creep 18.29 kN 0.9 % 18.29 kN 0.9 %
At ∞ days
Shrinkage 8.49 kN 0.4 % 8.49 kN 0.4 %
Relaxation 657.47 kN 32.9 % 657.47 kN 32.9 %
Creep 138.47 kN 6.9 % 138.47 kN 6.9 %
Total 1539.13 kN/cable 77.0 % 1227.26 kN 61.4 %
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Cable No 0.350 4.100 7.850 11.600 15.350
Cable 1 2576.16 2576.97 2579.27 2584.16 2585.89
Vert. angle 2.66 2.66 2.66 0.00 0.00
Cable 2 5035.40 5036.21 5038.81 4138.51 2594.76
Vert. angle 3.67 3.67 3.67 0.00 0.00
Cable 3 2585.59 2586.39 2587.19 2587.99 2597.84
Vert. angle 4.08 4.08 4.08 4.08 0.00
Cable 4 1634.47 1634.98 1635.48 1635.99 1644.87
Vert. angle 5.07 5.07 5.07 5.07 0.00
Total Ver.
Comp. of 382.40 382.59 382.96 110.74 0.00
cable1 to 4
Shear 2080 1766 1093 612 336

Ultimate Load
Moment 130 6360 11082 14048 15238
VRD.C = [0.12*K(80*r1*fck)^0.33+0.15scp]*bw*d Subject to VRD.C MIN = {vmin + 0.15sCP)*bw*d

Where, K = 1+sqrt(200/d) <= 2 Where, d is in millimeters
r1 = Asl/(bw*d) <= 0.02 fck = 40 Mpa
scp = NEd/Ac <= 0.2xfcd Where, NEd = axial compression, Ac = Area of section
vmin = 0.031*K^1.5*fck^0.5 fcd = acc*fck/gm where, acc =0.67 and gm = 1.5

K 1.295 1.280 1.270 1.263 1.264
Where, I = Moment of inertia bwc= Width of beam after deduction due to duct
fctd = design tensile strength of concrete = fctk/gm = 5.41 Mpa

Transmission length factor, k 1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
VEd ≤ 0.50 bw d n fcd where, n = 0.60 [ 1 - fck/310]
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Zb (m3) 0.94 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77
Zb (m3) 1.30 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Stress due to prestress at tensile fibre s bpt (MPa) -1.4786 -3.0666 -5.2192 -6.1153 -4.9763
Section at Maximum Bending Moment Cracked Cracked Cracked Cracked Cracked
Whether shear reinforcement required or not Required Required Required Not Required Not Required
iv) Calculation of Shear Resistance when Shear Reinforcement is Required ::
Grade of reinforcement = Fe 500 Grade of concrete = M40
Design Tensile stress in stirrups (f ywd= 0.8fyk/gm) = 54.1 Mpa Concrete Strength (fcd) : = 50.0 Mpa
Minimum Shear reinf. ratio = 0.072sqrt(fck)/fyk = 0.00091 Coeff accounting stress in compression chord n 1
Design of Vertical Transverse reinforcement (a = 90 o) = 0.60
gm = fctk / fctd = 7.394

Dia of shear reinforcement provided (mm) 12+16 16 12 12 12
Shear resistance provided by reinf V RD,s (kN) 1202 698 611 644 637
Coeff accounting stress in comp chord a cw 1.071 1.071 1.071 1.071 1.071
Shear capacity of compression strut VRD,max (kN) 17158 9968 8726 9198 9098
Increase in longitudinal tensile force DF td (kN) 1776.93 954.35 861.99 609.05 407.96
7.6. Anchor Block
According to Manufacture's Catalog Size of anchor flange = 130 mm Dia of Hole = 10 mm

fcj = = 25.53 N/mm2
A2 = 246857.776293258^2-
3.14/4x10^2 = 6.0939E+10 mm2
A1 = 130x130- 3.14/4x10^2 = 16821.5 mm2
fb = min (0.48fcjsqrt(A2/A1),0.8fcj) 20.43 N/mm2
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Bearing stress = N/A1 = 12.01 N/mm2 < 20.43 N/mm2 Hence O.K.
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2Yo = 250 mm 2Ypo = 130 mm

Ypo/Yo = 0.52 As per Table 13.1 of IRC 112-2011 Fbst/Pk = 0.120
Fbst = 0.12x1.3x504.92 = 78.77 kN
Area of Steel Required = Fbst/(0.87xfy) = 181.07 mm2
Hence Provide 12T- 4L -4Nos along Web and Normal to Web Ast = 1809.56 mm2
Vedi = b Ved/zbi
z = Lever arm
VRdi = msn + rfyd[msina+cosa] <=0.5vfcd fck = M40
m = friction for rough surface = 0.7 fyd = 500 Mpa
n1 = Coeff accounting stress in compression chord = 0.60
fcd = acc*fck/gm where, acc =0.67 and gm = 1.5 = 17.87 Mpa

Design value of Shear Stress v Edi ( MPa) 0.64 0.38 0.22 0.15 0.10
Minimum reinf.=0.15% of area of interface 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875
Design shear resistance at the Interface (v Rdi) 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35
7.8. Untensioned Reinforcement of Precast Girder

=0.18%x0x0 = 0 mm2 per meter
Hence provide 2L-12T @ 150 c/c Ast provide= 1506.666667 mm2 per meter
Longitudinal reinforcement = 0.15 % of web

Total Area of Precast Girder at midspan = 0 m2
=0.15%x0x1000000 = 0 mm2 per meter
Hence provide 7-16T at Bottomt top & 8-12T at Top Ast provide= 1909 mm2 per meter

Area of steel required = 0 mm2
Minimum Reinf. at earth face (0.12%) = 648 mm2
Hence Provide 10 Nos. 12 f on Each Face
Ast provided = 2261.946711 mm2/m > 648 mm2/m
Hence O.K.
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(i) Precast Girder - Prestress of cables 1, 2, 3 + wt of precast Girder at 5 days
Young Modulus = 3.01E+07 kN/m2
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Distance 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
CG of Precast girder from bottom , m 1.522 1.595 1.595 1.595 1.595
Moment of Inertia for Precast girder only (I)
1.434 1.234 1.234 1.234 1.234
m4
CG of cables 1 to 2 from bot.(m) 0.731 0.483 0.293 0.188 0.212

-7173.7 -8329.7 -8782.5 -7713.9 -5129.4
Girder (kN-m)
M/EI (1/m) -0.00017 -0.00022 -0.00024 -0.00021 -0.00014
3.75 3.750 3.750 3.750

A B C D E
-0.00022 2 -0.00021
-0.000166 4 3 -0.000236 1 -0.000138
At Midspan
Average
M/EI
A -0.00017
B 4 3.750 1.875 -0.00022 -0.00020 -0.00137257108427633
C 3 3.750 5.625 -0.00024 -0.00023 -0.00485866128031415
D 2 3.750 9.375 -0.00021 -0.00022 -0.00780633662749303
E 1 3.750 13.125 -0.00014 -0.00017 -0.00850871126873549
Total -0.022546280260819
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress + wt of precast Girder = = -23 mm

= - L/ 1331
Young Modulus = 3.16E+04 Mpa

Distance 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
CG of cables 3 from bot.(m) 1.075 0.808 0.540 0.273 0.305

-105.3 -494.8 -869.3 -1336.6 -1305.8
Girder (kN-m)
M/EI (1/m) -0.0023221 -0.0126773 -0.0222738 -0.0342465 -0.03346
3.7 3.750 3.750 3.750

A B C D E
-0.0126773 2 -0.0342465
-0.0023221 4 3 -0.022274 -0.0334570
1
At Midspan
Average
M/EI
A -0.00232
B 4 3.750 1.875 -0.01268 -0.00750 -0.0527322074442343
C 3 3.750 5.625 -0.02227 -0.01748 -0.368625132834897
D 2 3.750 9.375 -0.03425 -0.02826 -0.993520588905788
E 1 3.750 13.125 -0.03346 -0.03385 -1.66613883232372
Total -3.08101676150864
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress +loss = = -3081.017 mm
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So, Total Midspan deflection at 28 days = = -3103.563 mm = - L/ 10
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Distance 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
Loss 935.915 935.915 935.915 935.915 935.915
669.709 974.531 1167.946 1298.261 1270.574
(kN-m)
Total moment due to prestress+DL (kN-m) 659.377 1915.967 2797.478 3352.217 3485.282
M/EI (1/m) 0.0145377 0.0490915 0.0716779 0.0858916 0.08930
3.7 3.750 3.750 3.750

A B C D E
0.014538 0.0490915 0.0858916
4 0.0716779 0.0893010
1
3 2

At Midspan
Average
M/EI
A 0.01454
B 4 3.750 1.875 0.04909 0.03181 2.23697E-01 0.96968
C 3 3.750 5.625 0.07168 0.06038 1.27374E+00
D 2 3.750 9.375 0.08589 0.07878 2.76978E+00
E 1 3.750 13.125 0.08930 0.08760 4.31138E+00
Total 8.57860E+00
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress losses + DL = = 8578.595 mm
Total Deflection at 60 days =-3,103.563+8,578.595 = 5475.032 mm

Distance 0.000 3.750 7.500 11.250 15.000
CG of Composite girder from bottom , m 1.885 2.039 2.039 2.039 2.039
CG of cables from bot.(m) 0.806 0.554 0.347 0.208 0.237
Moment of Inertia for Composite girder (I)
2.443 2.040 2.040 2.040 2.040
m4
Loss 4334.955 4334.955 4334.955 4334.955 4334.95
4675.402 6440.407 7336.266 7939.858 7811.6
(kN-m)
Total moment due to prestress Loss+SIDL
4675.402 6440.407 7336.266 7939.858 7811.6
(kN-m)
M/EI (1/m) 0.0605077 0.0998261 0.1137119 0.1230676 0.12108
3.750 3.750 3.750 3.750

A B C D E
0.06051 0.0998261 0.1230676
4 0.1137119 0.1210798
3 1
2

At Midspan
Average
M/EI
A 0.06051
B 4 3.750 1.875 0.09983 0.08017 0.563673374303774 1.60275
C 3 3.750 5.625 0.11371 0.10677 2.25215854327702
D 2 3.750 9.375 0.12307 0.11839 4.16213864787832
E 1 3.750 13.125 0.12108 0.12207 6.00831348006013
Total 12.9862840455192
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress losses = = 12986.284 mm
So, Midspan deflection due SIDL = = 3.818 mm 0.000456
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So, Midspan deflection due FLL = = 1.102 mm 0.000130

So, Midspan deflection due Wind load = = 0.947 mm 0.000112
So, Midspan deflection due Live load = = 8.193 mm 0.000941
Total Deflection at mid span 1xDL+1.2xSIDL+1xLL+0.6xWL = 18476.140 mm L/ 2
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1.0 Sectional properties of Steel Girder and Composite Girder
a Girder at Mid Span (Both Outer and Inner Girder) (Same properties at Support)
Checking compression /Tension Flange Width and Thickness of Web of steel Girder
Thickness of compression flange = tf = 32 mm

Maximum permissible out strand as per Cl G4.3.4 OF IRC:24-2010 = 12tf
= *12
= 384 mm
Maximum permissible out strand as per Table 2 of IRC 24-2010 = 15.7ԑtf
= 15.7**
= 402.2 mm
Min permissible out strand as per Table 2 of IRC 24-2010 = 10.5ԑtf
= 10.5**
= 269 mm
ԑ = (250/fy)1/2
= (250/390)^0.5
= 0.80
Pemissible overall width of compression flange = btf = 2 * 12tf + tw
= 2*12*+= 18.00
= 786 mm > 550 mm
OK
Thickness of Tensile flange

= 20*= 36.00
= 720 mm
= 2*20*= 36.00+= 18.00
= 1458 mm > 850 mm
OK
Thickness of Web
When transverse stiffener are not required as per Cl .No. 509.6.11a of IRC 24-2010
Thickness of web plate without any stiffener plates, d/tw < 200 ԑw
d= 2750 mm
ԑ= (250/fy)1/2
= (250/410)^(1/2)
= 0.78
tw > d / (200 * ԑ)
= /(200*)
= 17.61 mm
As per Cl No.509.6.1.1 b (i) of IRC 24-2010 When 3d >c>d

d/tw < 200 ԑw
As per Cl No.509.6.1.1 b (ii) of IRC 24-2010 When d >c>0.74d
c/tw < 200 ԑw
As per Cl No.509.6.1.1 b (i) of IRC 24-2010 When c<0.74d
d/tw < 270 ԑw
c = clear panel = 1800 mm

tw = c / (200 * ԑ)
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= /(200*)
= 11.526 mm
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Effective Flange width of Longitudinal Girder
Minimum spacing of longitudinal girder as per Cl No-603.3 (b) of IRC 22-2008, L0 = 48.300 m
beff = L0/8+X
where L0/8 < B/2 and X < B/2
B= Spacing of longitudinal girder
= 3m
X= B/2
= /2
= 1.500 m
Effective width of compression flange for external girder = (/8)+
= 7.538 m
Grade of Concrete Deck Slab = M40
Elastic modulus of Cocrete Ec = 33330.41 N/mm2
Elastic modulus of steel Es = 200000.00 N/mm2
Modular Ratio m= 7.5 Short Term
= 15 Long Term
1.1 Sectional properties of Precast Longitudinal Girder : At Mid Span
3.000 m
0.750 m
0.250
0.100
0.032
1.370 0.550
0.018
0.010 2.750
1.370
0.850
0.036
S.NO A Y AY AY2 I0 I0+AY2

1. Deck Slab 0.1000000 3.0430000 0.3043000 0.9259849 0.0005208 0.9265057
2. Triangular portion Deck 0.0013333 2.8846667 0.0038462 0.0110951 0.0000007 0.0110958
3. Rectangular Portion Deck 0.0073333 2.8680000 0.0210320 0.0603198 0.0000061 0.0603259
4. Top Flange Plate 0.0176000 2.8020000 0.0493152 0.1381812 0.0000015 0.1381827
5. Web Plate 0.0495000 1.4110000 0.0698445 0.0985506 0.0311953 0.1297459
Deduction for web Opening -0.0001800 1.4110000 -0.0002540 -0.0003584 0.0000000 -0.0003584
6. Bottom Flange Plate 0.0306000 0.0180000 0.0005508 0.0000099 0.0000033 0.0000132
∑ ∑A ∑AY ∑AY2 ∑I0 ∑I0 +AY2
Composite Section for short term modular ratio 0.2061867 0.4486347 1.2337831 0.0317278 1.2655109
Composite Section for long term modular ratio 0.1518533 0.2840456 0.7350832 0.0314640 0.7665472
Girder only 0.0975200 0.1194565 0.2363833 0.0312001 0.2675834
I0 for concrete portions = geometric moment of inertia / short time modulus ratio
Composite Section for short term modular ratio = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + Deduction for web Opening
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Composite Section for long term modular ratio = (1 + 2 + 3) * (short term m / long term m) + 4 + 5 + 6 + Deduction for web Opening
Girder only = 4 + 5 + 6 + Deduction for web Opening
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Section properties of Composite Section for Short Term Modular Ratio
Area = ∑A = 0.206 m2
Distance of CG from Bottom Fibre (Y) = ∑AY/∑A
= /
= 2.176 m
Moment of Inertia = IZ = ∑I0 + AY2 - ∑AY2
= -*^2
= 0.289 m4
Torsional Constant = Ix = ∑1 / 3 * X * Y3
= 1/3*(*^3+*^3+*^3+*^3/+*^3/)
= 2.14E-03 m4
Section properties of Composite Section for Long Term Modular Ratio
Area = ∑A = 0.152 m2
= /
= 1.871 m
= -*^2
= 0.235 m4
= 1/3*(*^3/+*^3/+*^3+*^3+*^3)
= 1.08E-03 m4
Section properties of Steel Girder
Area = ∑A = 0.098 m2
= /
= 1.225 m
= -*^2
= 0.121 m4
= 1/3*(*^3+*^3+*^3)
= 2.46E-05 m4
A. Section properties of Composite Section for short Term Modular Ratio (in equvalent of steel)
A = 0.2062 m2
IZ = 0.2893 m4
Ix = 2.14E-03 m4
Yb = 2.1759 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.1329775 m3
Ytg = ++-
= 0.6421 m
Yts = +++-+
= 0.9921 m
Zts = Iz / Yts = /
= 0.2916 m3
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Ztg = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.4506 m3
Zpz = 0.1664 m3
Zpy = 0.0218 m3
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B Section properties of Composite Section for LONG Term Modular Ratio (in equvalent of steel)
A = 0.1519 m2
IZ = 0.2352 m4
Ix = 1.08E-03 m4
Yb = 1.8705 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.1258 m3
Ytg = ++-
= 0.9475 m
Yts = ++++-
= 1.2975 m
Zts = Iz / Yts = /
= 0.1813003 m3
Ztg = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.2483 m3
Zpz = 0.1886 m3
Zpy = 0.0120 m3
C Section properties of Girder (in equvalent of steel)
A = 0.0975 m2
IZ = 0.1213 m4
Ix = 2.46E-05 m4
Yb = 1.2249 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.0990 m3
Ytg = ++-
= 1.5931 m
Iy = ^3/12*+*^3/12+*^3/12
= 2.29E-03 m4
Zt = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.0761 m3
Ztg = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.0761 m3
Zpz = 0.0988 m3
Zpy = 0.0091 m3
ry = (Iy / A)^0.5
= (/)^0.5
= 0.1532 m
= 1.5E+02 mm
rz = (Iz / A)^0.5
= (/)^0.5
= 1.1151 m
= 1.1E+03 mm
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a Girder at Mid Span (STAAD) (Both Outer and Inner Girder) (Same properties at Support)

= *12
= 384 mm
= 15.7**
= 402.2 mm
= 10.5**
= 269 mm
ԑ = (250/fy) 1/2
= (250/390)^0.5
= 0.80
= 2*12*+= 18.00
= 786 mm > 550 mm
OK

= 20*= 36.00
= 720 mm
= 2*20*= 36.00+= 18.00
= 1458 mm > 850 mm
OK
Thickness of Web
d= 2750 mm
ԑ= (250/fy)1/2
= (250/410)^(1/2)
= 0.78
tw > d / (200 * ԑ)
= /(200*)
= 17.61 mm

d/tw < 200 ԑw
c/tw < 200 ԑw
d/tw < 270 ԑw
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tw = c / (200 * ԑ)
= /(200*)
= 11.526 mm
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beff = L0/8+X
= 3m
X= B/2
= /2
= 1.500 m
Girder at Mid Span for STAAD Input ( Inner)

Effective flange width of longitudianl girder as per Cl No- 603.3 (b) of IRC 22-2008
L0 = 48.3 m
beff = L0/4<B1+B2/2 where L0/4 < B and B = B1 = B2
Effective width of compression flange for external girder = (/8)+

= 7.5375 m
Elastic modulus of Cocrete Ec = 3.33E+04 N/mm2
Elastic modulus of steel Es = 2.00E+05 N/mm2
= 15 Long Term
1.3 Sectional properties of Precast Longitudinal Girder : At Mid Span

3.000 m
1.050 m
0.250
0.100
0.028
0.995 0.450
0.016
0.010 2.000
0.995
0.700
0.032

1. Deck Slab 0.1000000 2.2850000 0.2285000 0.5221225 0.0005208 0.5226433
2. Triangular portion Deck 0.0040000 2.1266667 0.0085067 0.0180908 0.0000022 0.0180931
4. Top Flange Plate 0.0126000 2.0460000 0.0257796 0.0527451 0.0000008 0.0527459
5. Web Plate 0.0320000 1.0320000 0.0330240 0.0340808 0.0106667 0.0447474
∑ ∑A ∑AY ∑AY2 ∑I0 ∑I0 +AY2
Girder only 0.0670000 0.0591620 0.0868316 0.0106694 0.0975010
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Composite Section for short term modular ratio = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6
Composite Section for long term modular ratio = (1 + 2 + 3) * (short term m / long term m) + 4 + 5 + 6
Girder only = 4 + 5 + 6
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Area = ∑A = 0.177 m2
= /
= 1.745 m
= -*^2
= 0.126 m4
= 1/3*(*^3+*^3+*^3+*^3/+*^3/)
= 2.14E-03 m4
Area = ∑A = 0.122 m2
= /
= 1.508 m
= -*^2
= 0.104 m4
= 1/3*(*^3/+*^3/+*^3+*^3+*^3)
= 1.08E-03 m4
Area = ∑A = 0.067 m2
= /
= 0.883 m
= -*^2
= 0.045 m4
= 1/3*(*^3+*^3+*^3)
= 1.37E-05 m4
A = 0.1770 m2
IZ = 0.1261 m4
Ix = 2.14E-03 m4
Yb = 1.7448 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.0723 m3
Ytg = ++-
= 0.3152 m
Yts = +++-+
= 0.6652 m
Zts = Iz / Yts = /
= 0.1896 m3
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Ztg = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.4000959 m3
Zpz = 0.0889 m3
Zpy = 0.0171 m3
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A = 0.1220 m2
IZ = 0.1037 m4
Ix = 1.08E-03 m4
Yb = 1.5082 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.0688 m3
Ytg = ++-
= 0.5518 m
Yts = ++++-
= 0.9018 m
Zts = Iz / Yts = /
= 0.1150 m3
Ztg = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.1880 m3
Zpz = 0.1032 m3
Zpy = 0.0120 m3
A = 0.0670 m2
IZ = 0.0453 m4
Ix = 1.37E-05 m4
Yb = 0.8830 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.0513 m3
Yt = ++-
= 1.1770 m
Iy = ^3/12*+*^3/12+*^3/12
= 1.13E-03 m4
Zt = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.0385 m3
Ztg = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.0385 m3
Zpz = 0.0500 m3
Zpy = 0.0055 m3
ry = (Iy / A)^0.5
= (/)^0.5
= 0.1297514 m
= 1.3E+02 mm
rz = (Iz / A)^0.5
= (/)^0.5
= 0.821902 m
= 8.2E+02 mm
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a Girder at Splice (Both Outer and Inner Girder)

= *12
= 384 mm
= 15.7**
= 402.2 mm
= 10.5**
= 269 mm
ԑ = (250/fy)1/2
= (250/390)^0.5
= 0.80
= 2*12*+= 18.00
= 786 mm > 550 mm
OK

= 20*= 36.00
= 720 mm
= 2*20*= 36.00+= 18.00
= 1458 mm > 850 mm
OK
Thickness of Web
d= 2750 mm
ԑ= (250/fy)1/2
= (250/410)^(1/2)
= 0.78
tw > d / (200 * ԑ)
= /(200*)
= 17.61 mm

d/tw < 200 ԑw
c/tw < 200 ԑw
d/tw < 270 ԑw

tw = c / (200 * ԑ)
= /(200*)
= 11.526 mm
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beff = L0/8+X
= 3m
X= B/2
= /2
= 1.5 m
= 15 Long Term
Section at Splice Location
Deduct hole diameter from section

Diameter of bolt = 24 mm =
Diameter of Hole = Diameter of bolt + 1.5 =
= +1.5
= 25.5 mm
For a particular plane
No of holes in top flange = 4 Nos
No of holes in Web plate = 20 Nos
No of holes in bottom flange = 6 Nos
2.1 Sectional properties of Precast Longitudinal Girder : At Splice

3.000 m
0.750 m
0.250
0.100
0.032
1.133 0.550
0.018
0.485 2.750
1.133
0.850
0.036

1. Deck Slab 0.1000000 3.0430000 0.3043000 0.9259849 0.0005208 0.9265057
2 . Triangular portion Deck 0.0013333 2.8846667 0.0038462 0.0110951 0.0000007 0.0110958
4. Top Flange Plate 0.0143360 2.8020000 0.0401695 0.1125549 0.0000015 0.1125564
5. Web Plate 0.0403200 1.4110000 0.0568915 0.0802739 0.0311953 0.1114692
Deduction for web Opening 0.0000000 1.4110000 0.0000000 0.0000000 -0.0001711 -0.0001711
∑ ∑A ∑AY ∑AY2 ∑I0 ∑I0 +AY2
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Girder only 0.0797 0.0975 0.1928 0.0310 0.2239
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Area = ∑A = 0.188 m2
= /
= 2.265 m
= -*^2
= 0.255 m4
= 1/3*(*^3+*^3+*^3+*^3/+*^3/)
= 2.14E-03 m4
Area = ∑A = 0.134 m2
= /
= 1.955 m
= -*^2
= 0.210 m4
= 1/3*(*^3/+*^3/+*^3+*^3+*^3)
= 1.08E-03 m4
Area = ∑A = 0.080 m2
= /
= 1.223 m
= -*^2
= 0.105 m4
= 1/3*(*^3+*^3+*^3)
= 2.46E-05 m4
A = 0.1884 m2
IZ = 0.2555 m4
Ix = 2.14E-03 m4
Yb = 2.2646 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.1128 m3
Ytg = ++-
= 0.5534 m
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Yts = +++-+
= 0.9034 m
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Zts = Iz / Yts = /
= 0.2828 m3
Ztg = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.4617 m3
Zpz = 0.1379 m3
Zpy = 0.0196 m3
A = 0.1341 m2
IZ = 0.2105 m4
Ix = 0.0011 m4
Yb = 1.9548 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.1077 m3
Ytg = ++-
= 0.8632 m
Yts = ++++-
= 1.2132 m
Zts = Iz / Yts = /
= 0.1735 m3
Ztg = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.2438 m3
Zpz = 0.1615 m3
Zpy = 0.0120 m3
A = 0.0797 m2
IZ = 0.1046 m4
Ix = 2.46E-05 m4
Yb = 1.2228 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.0856 m3
Ytg = ++-
= 1.5952 m
Iy = ^3/12*+*^3/12+*^3/12
= 2.29E-03 m4
Zt = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.0655897 m3
Ztg = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.0656 m3
Zpz = 0.1006 m3
Zpy = 0.0091 m3
ry = (Iy / A)^0.5
= (/)^0.5
= 1.69E-01 m
= 1.7E+02 mm
rz = (Iz / A)^0.5
= (/)^0.5
= 1.1454 m
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= 1.1E+03 mm
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a Girder at Splice (STAAD) (Both Outer and Inner Girder)

= *12
= 384 mm
= 15.7**
= 402.2 mm
= 10.5**
= 269 mm
ԑ = (250/fy)1/2
= (250/390)^0.5
= 0.80
= 2*12*+= 18.00
= 786 mm > 550 mm
OK

= 20*= 36.00
= 720 mm
= 2*20*= 36.00+= 18.00
= 1458 mm > 850 mm
OK
Thickness of Web
d= 2750 mm
ԑ= (250/fy)1/2
= (250/410)^(1/2)
= 0.78
tw > d / (200 * ԑ)
= /(200*)
= 17.61 mm

d/tw < 200 ԑw
c/tw < 200 ԑw
d/tw < 270 ԑw

tw = c / (200 * ԑ)
= /(200*0.78)
= 11.526 mm
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beff = L0/8+X
= 3m
X= B/2
= /2
= 1.500 m
= 15 Long Term
Section at Splice Location
Deduct hole diameter from section
Diameter of bolt = 24 mm =
Diameter of Hole = Diameter of bolt + 1.5 =
= +1.5
= 25.5 mm
For a particular plane

No of holes in top flange = 4 Nos
No of holes in Web plate = 15 Nos
No of holes in bottom flange = 6 Nos
2.3 Sectional properties of Precast Longitudinal Girder : At Splice

3.000 m
1.050 m
0.250
0.100
0.028
1.000 0.450
0.016
0.000 2.000
1.000
0.700
0.032

1. Deck Slab 0.1000000 2.2850000 0.2285000 0.5221225 0.0005208 0.5226433
2 . Triangular portion Deck 0.0040000 2.1266667 0.0085067 0.0180908 0.0000022 0.0180931
4. Top Flange Plate 0.0097440 2.0460000 0.0199362 0.0407895 0.0000008 0.0407903
5. Web Plate 0.0258800 1.0320000 0.0267082 0.0275628 0.0106667 0.0382295
Deduction for web Opening 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000
∑ ∑A ∑AY ∑AY2 ∑I0 ∑I0 +AY2
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Girder only 0.0531 0.0469 0.0684 0.0107 0.0790
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Area = ∑A = 0.163 m2
= /
= 1.818 m
= -*^2
= 0.107 m4
= 1/3*(*^3+*^3+*^3+*^3/+*^3/)
= 2.14E-03 m4
Area = ∑A = 0.108 m2
= /
= 1.588 m
= -*^2
= 0.090 m4
= 1/3*(*^3/+*^3/+*^3+*^3+*^3)
= 1.08E-03 m4
Area = ∑A = 0.053 m2
= /
= 0.883 m
= -*^2
= 0.038 m4
= 1/3*(*^3+*^3+*^3)
= 1.37E-05 m4
A = 0.1631 m2
IZ = 0.1072 m4
Ix = 2.14E-03 m4
Yb = 1.8181 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.0590 m3
Ytg = ++-
= 0.2419 m
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Yts = +++-+
= 0.5919 m
Zts = Iz / Yts = /
= 0.1812 m3
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Ztg = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.4434 m3
Zpz = 0.0716 m3
Zpy = 0.0156 m3
A = 0.1081 m2
IZ = 0.0899 m4
Ix = 1.08E-03 m4
Yb = 1.5885 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.0566 m3
Ytg = ++-
= 0.4715 m
Yts = ++++-
= 0.8215 m
Zts = Iz / Yts = /
= 0.1095 m3
Ztg = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.1907007 m3
Zpz = 0.0849 m3
Zpy = 0.0120 m3
A = 0.0531 m2
IZ = 0.0376 m4
Ix = 1.37E-05 m4
Yb = 0.8832 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.0425 m3
Yt = ++-
= 1.1768 m
Iy = ^3/12*+*^3/12+*^3/12
= 1.13E-03 m4
Zt = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.0319 m3
Ztg = Iz / Ytg = /
= 0.0319 m3
Zpz = 0.0511 m3
Zpy = 0.0055 m3
ry = (Iy / A)^0.5
= (/)^0.5
= 1.46E-01 m
= 1.5E+02 mm
rz = (Iz / A)^0.5
= (/)^0.5
= 0.8411 m
= 8.4E+02 mm
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2.4 Sectional properties of End Cross Girder
0.016
0.300
0.786
0.129 1.700 0.016 = Web thickness
0.786
0.300
0.016

1 Top Flange Plate 0.004800 1.7240000 0.0082752 0.0142664 0.0000001 0.0142665
2. Web Plate 0.027200 0.8660000 0.0235552 0.0203988 0.0065507 0.0269495
Deduction for web Opening -0.002064 0.8660000 -0.0017874 -0.0015479 -0.0000029 -0.0015508
3. Bottom Flange Plate 0.004800 0.0080000 0.0000384 3.072E-07 1.024E-07 4.096E-07
∑ ∑A ∑AY ∑AY2 ∑I0 ∑I0 +AY2

Girder only 0.034736 0.0300814 0.0331176 0.0065480 0.0396657
Area = ∑A = 0.0347 m2
= /
= 0.8660 m
= -*^2
= 0.0136 m4
= 1/3*(*^3+*^3+*^3)
= 3.14E-06 m4
Section properties of the Cross Girder
A = 0.0347 m2
IZ = 0.0136 m4
Ix = 3.14E-06 m4
Iy = ^3/12*+*^3/12+*^3/12
= 7.26E-05 m4
Yb = 0.8660 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.0157 m3
Yt = ++-
= 0.8660 m
Zt = Iz / Yt = /
= 0.0157 m3
Zpz = 0.0199 m3
Zpy = 0.0008 m3
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2.5 Sectional properties of End Cross Girder (STAAD)
0.016
0.300
1.700 0.016
0.300
0.016

1 Top Flange Plate 0.0048000 1.7240000 0.0082752 0.0142664 0.0000001 0.0142665
2. Web Plate 0.0272000 0.8660000 0.0235552 0.0203988 0.0065507 0.0269495
∑ ∑A ∑AY ∑AY2 ∑I0 ∑I0 +AY2

Girder only 0.0368000 0.0318688 0.0346656 0.0065509 0.0412164
Area = ∑A = 0.0368 m2
= /
= 0.8660 m
= -*^2
= 0.0136 m4
= 1/3*(*^3+*^3+*^3)
= 3.14E-06 m4
A = 0.0368 m2
IZ = 0.0136 m4
Ix = 0.0000 m4
Iy = ^3/12*+*^3/12+*^3/12
= 0.0001 m4
Yb = 0.8660 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.0157 m3
Yt = ++-
= 0.8660 m
Zt = Iz / Yt = /
= 0.0157 m3
Zpz = 0.0198 m3
Zpy = 0.0008 m3
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2.6 Sectional properties of End Cross Girder (STAAD)
0.004
0.008
0.125 2 Nos of ISMC 125
0.005
1.775
0.065

1 Top Angles 0.0066800 1.7125000 0.0114395 0.0195901 0.0000000 0.0195901
2. Bottom Angles 0.0066800 0.0625000 0.0004175 0.0000261 0.0000029 0.0000290
∑ ∑A ∑AY ∑AY2 ∑I0 ∑I0 +AY2

Girder only 0.0133600 0.0118570 0.0196162 0.0000029 0.0196191
Area = ∑A = 0.0134 m2
= /
= 0.8875 m
= -*^2
= 0.0091 m4
= 1/3*8*(*^3+2*(-)*^3)
= 2.78E-05 m4
A = 0.0134 m2
IZ = 0.0091 m4
Ix = 0.000028 m4
Iy = ^3/12*+*^3/12+*^3/12
= 0.000011 m4
Yb = 0.8875 m
Zb = Iz / Yb = /
= 0.0102 m3
Yt = ++-
= 0.8875 m
Zt = Iz / Yt = /
= 0.0102 m3
Zpz = 0.000112 m3
Zpy = 0.000010 m3
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3.0 Calculation of Flexural Stress at Mid Point of Outer Girder (G1) = 50.000 m
3.1 Moment and Shear From STAAD Output
Member Load Case Node No: FX (kN) Fy (kN) Fz (kN) MX (kNm) My (kNm) Mz (kNm)
248 1. DEAD LOAD 108 0 29 0 0 0 -960
116 0 -1 0 0 0 1025
2. SIDL 108 0 86 0 0 0 -2692
116 0 0 0 0 0 2872
3.CONSTRUCTION 108 0 32 0 0 0 -985
116 0 0 0 7 0 1051
459 1. DEAD LOAD 210 0 -7 0 7 0 -370
216 0 18 0 1 0 353
2. SIDL 210 0 11 0 1 0 -978
216 0 -3 0 0 0 988
210 0 -11
3.CONSTRUCTION (Removal) 0 0 0 1043
216 0 0 0 0 0 -1050
459 4.FOOTPATH 210 0 -3 0 0 0 148
216 0 3 0 0 0 -152
5.WIND LOAD (UNLOAD) 210 0 -9 0 0 0 890
216 0 0 0 0 0 -896
6. WIND LOAD (LOADED) 210 0 5 0 0 0 -459
216 0 0 0 1 0 462
459 7. Live Load
MAX ( +VE) 0 186 0 0 0 -4670
0 0
MAX ( -VE) 0 -158 0 0 0
3.2 Summary of Bending Moment and Shear at L/2
Shear Force (kN) Moment (kNm)

Moment / Shear Due to self weight of girder = 0.991 1024.560
Moment / Shear Due to weight of Deck Slab = 0 2872.480
Moment / Shear Due to Construction Load = 0 1051.170
Moment / Shear Due to Dead Load = 7.089 352.915
Moment / Shear Due to SIDL = 3.007 988.003
Removal of Construction Stage Live LL = 0 -1050.000
Moment / Shear Due to Carriage way LL = 158.151 4670.200
Wind Load Unloaded = 0 896.000
Wind Load Loaded = 0 462.000
Moment Due to Foot path Live Load = 2.842 148.293
3.3 Check For Ultimate Strength of Girder in Flexure
3.3.1 .Erection Stage
Properties of Girder Only
Thickness of Top Flange tf = 32 mm

Thickness of Bottom Flange tf = 36 mm
Thickess of Web tw = 18 mm
Sectional Area Aa = 97520 mm2
Effective Length kl = 4630 mm
Width of Top Flange b = 550 mm
Width of Bottom Flange b = 850 mm
Overall Depth D = Top flange thickness + Web depth + Bottom flange thickness
= (0.036+2.750+0.032)*1000
= 2818 mm
Moment of Inertia Izz = 1.21E+11 mm4
Moment of Inertia Iyy = (Top flange thickness * Top flange width^3 / 12 + Web depth * Web thickness^3 / 12 + Bottom flange thickness *
Bottom flange width^3 / 12) * 10^12
= (0.028*0.450^3/12+2.000*0.016^3/12+0.032*0.700^3/12)*10^12
= 1.13E+09 mm4
Radius of Gyration ry = (Iyy / Aa)^0.5
= (/)^0.5
= 107.5 mm
Elastic Section Modulus Zey = Iyy / (Bottom flange width / 2 * 1000)

= /(0.850/2*1000)
= 2654057 mm3
Elastic Section Modulus Zez = Izz / ((D - Yb * 1000))
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= /((-1.2249*1000))
= 76115282 mm3
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Plastic Section Modulus Zpy = 9145250 mm3

Plastic Section Modulus Zpz = 98791878 mm3
Elastic Modulus Es = 200000 N/mm2
Yeild Stress of Steel Plate thk > 20 mm = 390 N/mm2
ԑ1 = (250 / Yeild Stress of Steel Plate thk > 20 mm)^0.5
= (250/)^0.5
= 0.801
Yeild Stress of Steel Plate thk < 20 mm = 410 N/mm2
ԑ2 = (250 / Yeild Stress of Steel Plate thk < 20 mm)^0.5
= (250/)^0.5
= 0.781
Partial Safety Factor for Material ϒm0 = 1.1
Type of Section Used = Welded
3.3.2 Classification of Sections
For outstanding Element of Compression Flange (As per Table 2 ,Clause 3.7.2 and 3.7.4 of IS 800-2007)
Coefficient for Plastic Section = 8.4

Coefficient for Compact Section = 9.4
Coefficient for Semi Compact = 13.6
For Web element of I,H and Box Section
Coefficient for Plastic Section = 84

Coefficient for Compact Section = 105
Coefficient for Semi Compact = 126
b/tf = (Width of Top Flange - Thickess of Web) / 2 / Thickness of Top Flange

= +(-)/2/
= 8.31 > 8.4ԑ = 8.4* = 6.73
> 9.4ԑ = 9.4* = 7.53
< 13.6ԑ = 13.6* = 10.9 Hence section is Semi Compact
d/tw = Overall Depth / Thickess of Web
= +/
= 156.56 > 126ԑ = 126* = 98.4 Hence section is Selender
Hence a part of web section is effective for making the section is Semi-Compact Effective Depth d1 = 126ԑ * Thickess of Web
= *
= 1771 mm
This section is Semi-Compact
Hence ,the section is Semi -Compact for Shear and the section is Semi-compact for Bending.
3.3.3 Check for resistance of the section against material due to the Bending : (Clause - 509 of IRC :24-2010)
Where βb = 1 for Plastic and Compact Sections

= Ze/Zp for Semi-Compact Section
= Design Bending Compressive Stress
= Bending Stress reduction factor
αLT = Imperfection Parameter

= 0.21 for rolled steel section
= 0.49 for welded steel section
λLT
KLY = KL = 4630 mm
KLY / ry = /1.5E+02
= 30.23
KLZ / rz = /1.1E+03
= 4.15
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pi() = 3.14
λy =
= ((*^2)/(^2*))^0.5
= 0.43
λz =
= ((*^2)/(^2*))^0.5
= 0.06
αLT = 0.49
hf = (bottom flange thickness / 2 + web depth + top flange thickness / 2) * 1000
= (0.036/2+2.750+0.032/2)*1000
= 2784 m
Mcr = ((^2***)/(2*^2)*(1+1/20*(()/(/))^2)^0.5)
= 1.449E+11 N-mm
In Y direction,
λLT = (Zpy * Yeild Stress of Steel Plate thk > 20 mm / Mcr)^0.5
= (*/)^0.5
= 0.16
ɸLT = 0.5 * (1 + αLT * (λLT - 0.2) + λLT^2)
= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.50
XLT = 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5) if 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5) < 1
= 1 if 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5) > 1
= IF(1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)<1,1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5),1)
= 1.0
fbd = XLT * Yeild Stress of Steel Plate thk > 20 mm / ϒm0
= */
= 355 N/mm2
Md = Zey * fbd / 10^6
= */10^6
= 941 kNm
In Z direction,
λLT = (Zpz * Yeild Stress of Steel Plate thk > 20 mm / Mcr)^0.5
= (*/)^0.5
= 0.516
ɸLT = 0.5 * (1 + αLT * (λLT - 0.2) + λLT^2)
= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.71
XLT = 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5)
= 1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)
= 0.8
= 296 N/mm2
Md = Zey * fbd / 10^6
= */10^6
= 22511 kNm
3.3.4 Long Term Effect
Elastic Section Modulus Zey = 2654057 mm3

Elastic Section Modulus Zez = Zb = 125757333.1 mm3

Zpz = 103172691 mm3
Zpy = 161505758.033505 mm3
XLT = 1.0
fy = 390 N/mm2
ϒm0 = 1.1
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fbd = 355 N/mm2
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Mdy = fbd * XLT * Zey / 10^6

= **/10^6
= 941 kNm
Mdz = Zez * fy / ϒm0 / 10^6
= *//10^6
= 44587 kNm
3.3.5 Short Term Effect

Elastic Section Modulus Zez = 132977524.24 mm3

Zpz = 166441399 mm3
Zpy = 21754509 mm3
XLT = 1.0
fy = 390 N/mm2
fbd = 355 N/mm2
ϒm0 = 1.1
Mdy = Zey * fbd / 10^6
= */10^6
= 941 kNm
Mdz = Zez * fy / ϒm0 / 10^6
= *//10^6
= 47147 kNm
3.3.6 Check for Ultimate Capacity
Type of
Description Mz ULS factor Muz Mdz Ultimate Stress
Loading
Erection Stage
DL + Cons LL 4948 1.35 6680 < 22511 87.763
Moment
Crash Barrier load 370 1.35 500 < 3.972

Long Term
SIDL 988 1.75 1729 < 44587 13.749
Moment
Cons LL -1050 1.35 -1418 < -11.272
Live Load +Snow Load 4670 1.5 7005 < 52.680
Short Term
Wind Load 462 0.9 416 < 47147 3.127
Moment
Foot path Live Load 148 1.5 222 < 1.673
Total 151.692
Type of
Description My ULS factor Muy Mdy Ultimate Stress
Loading
Erection Stage
DL +Cons LL 0 1.35 0 < 22511 0.000
Moment
Long Term SIDL 0 1.75 0 < 0.000

941
Moment CONS LL 0 1.35 0 < 0.000
Short Term Live Load 0 1.5 0 < 0.000
941
Moment Wind Load 0 0.9 0 < 0.000
Total 0.000
Muz = ULS factor * Mz

Muy = ULS factor * My
Ultimate Stress = Muy / Zey or Muz / Zez
Combined Effect = Mz / Mdz + My / Mdy < 1

= /+(++)/+(++)/+/+(+)/+(+)/
= 0.48 < 1 OK
3.3.7 Check for Ultimate Strength of Girder in Shear
Shear capacity shall be calculated as per shear buckling method as specified in 509.4.2.2(a) of IRC 24-2010
Vn = Vcr = Avτv
185 of 493
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Fyw = 410 N/mm2

Where Vn = Applied Shear Force
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Type of Loading Description V (kN) Factor Vn (kN)

Erection Stage DL ,Con LL 1 1.35 1
Crash Barrier 7 1.35 9
Long Term Moment SIDL 3 1.75 5
Cons LL 0 1.35 0
Live Load + Snow
Short Term 158 1.5 237
Load
Wind Load 0 0.9 0
Foot path LL 3 1.5 5
Total 172 258
I) Resistance of Shear Buckling shall be verified as specified
d= Depth of effective Web (part of web section is effective for making the section is Semi-Compact)
= 1771 mm
tw = Thickness of Web
= 18 mm
d/tw = /
= 98.4 > 67ԑ = 67* (Here ε = ε1)
= 53.64 For web without Stiffeners
> 67ԑw*SQRT(Kv/5.35)
Vcr = Shear Force correspond to web buckling
Av = Area of Web
λw = Non dimensional selenderness ratio of shear buckling stress
= SQRT(FYW/SQRT(3) τcr)
τcr = Elastic critical Shear stress of the web
= Kv*pi^2*E/(12*(1-ɥ^2)*(d/tw)^2)
ɥ= Poision Ratio
= 0.3
E= Young's Modulus
= 200000 Mpa
Kv = 5.35 for unstiffened Web
= 4+5.35/(c/d)^2 for c/d<1
= 5.35+4/(c/d)^2 for c/d>1
c= 1800 mm
c/d = c / Overall depth
= /
= 0.64
Kv = IF(<1,4+5.35/^2,5.35+4/^2)
= 17.11 (Input 5.35 for unstiffened Web)
τcr = *3.14^2*/(12*(1-0.3^2)*(/)^2)
= 319 Mpa
λw = SQRT(()/(SQRT(3)*))
= 0.86 > 0.8 and < 1.2
τv = Shear stress corresponding to web buckling
If λw < 0.8,
ꚍv = fyw/sqrt(3) fyw = Yeild Stress of Steel Plate thk < 20 mm
= /(SQRT(3))
= 236.714 Mpa
If 0.8 < λw < 1.2,
τv = (1-0.8*(λw -0.8))*fyw/sqrt(3)
= (1-0.8*(-0.8))*/(SQRT(3))
= 225.138 Mpa
If λw > 1.2,
τv = fyw/sqrt(3)/λw^2
= /SQRT(3)/(^2)
= 319.218 Mpa
Here, τv = 225.138 Mpa
Vcr = Av τv
= Depth of effective Web * Thickness of Web * τv
= **/1000
= 7177 kN
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II) Tension Field Method As per Clause 8.4.2.2b of IRC 24-2010

Vn = Vtf
Vtf = [Avtv + 0.9wtftwfysinɸ] < Vnp
ꚍv = 225.138 Mpa
Plastic Moment of the Flange Plate
Mtf = 0.25bftf2fyf[1 - {Nf / bftffyf / ϒm0}^2]

bf = 550.000 mm (Width of Top Flange)
tf = 32 mm (Thickness of Top Flange)
fyf = 390.000 Mpa (Yeild Stress of Steel Plate thk > 20 mm)
Nf = Mu / d
= Muz at erection stage * 10^6 / (Overall Depth - Thickness of Bottom Flange / 2 - Thickness of Top Flange / 2)
= *10^6/(-/2-/2)
= 2399455.28017241 N
Mtf = 0.25**^2**((1)-(/(***))^2)
= 49366347.3756504 N-mm
Inclination of tension field
ɸ= tan-1(d/c)
d= 1771 mm (Depth of effective Web)
c= 1800 mm
ɸ= ATAN(/)*180/PI()
= 44.535 Degree
Anchorage Length of tension field in compression and tension flange
Sc = St
= 2 / Sin(ɸ) * (Mfr / (fytw))^0.5 < c
Mfr = 49366347.38 N-mm
Sc = (2/SIN(*PI()/180))*(/(*))^0.5
= 233.2 mm
Wtf = dcos(ɸ) - (c - Sc - St)sin(ɸ)
= *COS(*PI()/180)-(--)*SIN(*PI()/180)
= 327.2 mm
Yield Strength of Tension Field
fv = {fyw2 - 3ꚍv2 + ψ2)^0.5 - ψ

= (^2-3*^2+^2)^(0.5)-
= 0.1 MPa
ψ= 1.5ꚍvsin(2ɸ)
= 1.5**SIN(2**PI()/180)
= 337.66 Mpa
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The Shear Resitance

Vtf = (**+0.9****SIN(*PI()/180))/1000
= 9614.076 kN > 257.777 kN (Total factored Applied Shear Force )
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3.4 Check For Serviciblity case
3.4.1 Permissible Stress in Outer Longitudinal Girder
(i) Permissible tensile and compressive bending stress As per Clause Annex-G of IRC 24-2010
C/s area of both flanges at the maximum BM zone, A1 = (Width of Top Flange * Thickness of Top Flange + Width of Bottom Flange * Thickness of
Bottom Flange) / 10^6
= (*+*)/10^6
= 0.0482 m2
C/s area of both flanges at the minimum BM zone, A2 = Area of Top Flange Plate of girder at splice location + Area of Bottom Flange Plate of girder at
splice location
= 0.0097440+0.0175040
= 0.0272 m2
Ratio of total area of both the flanges, ψ = A2 / A1
=/
= 0.57
Coefficient associated with ψ k1 = 0.98 [Table G.6. of IRC 24-2010]
MOI of the compressive flange about Y axis at Max BM zone, I1 = Thickness of Top Flange * Width of Top Flange^3 / 12
= (/1000)*(/1000)^3/12
= 4.44E-04 m4
MOI of the both the flange about Y axis at Max BM zone, I2 = I1 + Thickness of Bottom Flange * Width of Bottom Flange^3 / 12
= +(/1000)*(/1000)^3/12
= 2.29E-03 m4
Ratio of the compression flange to the sum of MOI of each flange = β = I1 / I2
= /
= 0.194
Coefficient associated with β k2 = -0.62 [Table G.7.of IRC 24-2010]
Effective Length of compression flange L= 4.63 m (kl)
MOI of minor axis Iy = 1.13E-03 m4 (Iyy)
Cross sectional area of steel girder A= 0.0975 m2 (Aa)
Radius of Gyration of Minor Axis ry = (Iy / A)^0.5
= (/)^0.5
= 0.1075 m
Slenderness ratio λ = kl / ry
=/
= 43.05 <300
Overall Depth of Beam D= 2.818 m
Mean thickness of compression flange T= 0.032 m
Coefficient y = 26.5 x 105 / λ2
= 26.5*10^5/^2
= 1429.8 N/mm2
Coefficient x = y[1 + 1 / 20 * (λT / D)2]^(1 / 2)
= *(1+1/20*(*/)^2)^0.5
= 1438.4 N/mm2
Lesser distance of extreme fibre from NA C1 = 1.225 m (Yb)
Greater distance of extreme fibre from NA C2 = D - C1
=-
= 1.593 m
Thickness of Web tw = 0.018 m
Thickness of compression flange to web ratio = T / tw
= /
= 1.778
Clear Depth of web, d3 = 2.75 m
Clear depth of web to thickness ratio = d3 / tw
= /(/1000)
= 152.778
Elastic critical stress, fcb
fcb = 1.2xk1[X+K2Y][C2/C1] If T/tw <2 and d3/tw <85
fcb = k1[X+K2Y][C2/C1] Otherwise
fcb =
IF(<2,IF(<85,(1.2**(+(*))*(/)),(*(+*)*(/))),(*(+*)*(/)))
= 703 N/mm2
Yeild stress of steel, fy = 390 N/mm2
Permissible bending compressive stress
σbc = 0.66xfcbxfy/[(fcb)1.4+(fy)1.4]^(1/1.4)
= 0.66**/((()^1.4+()^1.4)^(1/1.4))
= 198.6 N/mm2
Maximum bending stress
σb = 0.62fy
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= 0.62*
= 241.8 N/mm2
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Permissible bending compressive stress at erection stage = Minimum of σbc & σb

= MIN(,)
= 198.6 N/mm2
During service condition compression flange is fully restrained with deck slab by shear connector
Permissible bending tensile stress at erection stage = Maximum of σbc & σb
= MAX(,)
= 241.8 N/mm2
(i) Permissible shear stress in steel girder
Spacing of transvese stiffener near span, c = 1.8 m

Clear spacing between flanges and horizontal siffener, d = 2.8 m (Clear Depth of web, d3)
Thickness of Web, t = 0.018 m
Permissible average shear stress in unstiffened steel girder = 0.35fy
= 0.35*
= 136.5 N/mm2
Permissible average shear stress in stiffened steel girder
ꚍva = 0.35fy[1.3 - fy1/2c/t/4000{1+1/2(c/d)2} if c<d
= 0.35fy[1.3 - fy1/2d/t/4000{1+1/2(d/c)2} if c>d
=
IF(<,(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))),(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))))
= 121.9 N/mm2
Hence permissible average shear stress in steel girder ꚍva = Minimum of Permissible average shear stress in unstiffened steel girder & Permissible
average shear stress in stiffened steel girder
= MIN(,)
= 121.9 N/mm2
Maximum shear stress = 0.43fy
= 0.43*
= 167.7 N/mm2 Err:508
Permissible Concrete Stress as per Cl. No. 604.3.1 of IRC:22-2008 = 1/3 * fck
= M40/3
= 13.33 N/mm2
Permissible bending compressive stress at erection stage = 198.6 N/mm2
Permissible bending tensile stress at erection stage = 241.8 N/mm2
Permissible steel bending stress at service stage (all sections) = 241.8 N/mm2
Max Elastic Steel Stress at service condition as per Cl. No. 604.3.1 of IRC:22-2008 = 0.87fy
= 0.87*
= 339.3 N/mm2
Long term modular ratio for permanent loading = 15.0
Short term modular ratio for transient loading = 7.5
3.4.2 Summary of Section Properties (In equivalent of Steel)
Mid Span
Composite Composite
Properties Unit Only Girder Section Section -
for DL Long term Short term
for SIDL for LL
A m2 0.098 0.152 0.206

Iz m4 0.121 0.235 0.289
Yb m 1.225 1.871 2.176
Zb = Iz / Yb m3 0.099 0.126 0.133
Yts m 1.297 0.992
Zts m3 0.181 0.292
Ytg m 1.593 0.947 0.642
Ztg m3 0.076 0.248 0.451
3.4.3 Stress Check at Different cases
(i) Calculation of stress at different sections during erection stage
Moment of Moment of Stress for Stress for Stress for Stress for
Section Self Weight Moment (kNm) Construction Load Deck Slab Self Weight Construction Deck Slab Erection Check
(kNm) (kNm) (Mpa) Load (Mpa) (Mpa) Stage (Mpa)
Top of Slab
At Mid Top of Girder 13.46 13.81 37.74 65.01 <

Span 1024.56 1051.17 2872.48
Bottom of
-10.35 -10.62 -29.02 -49.99 <
Girder
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Stress at Top of Girder = Moment / Ztg for Only Girder

Stress at Bottom of Girder = -Moment / Zbg for Only Girder
Stress for Erection Stage = Stress for Self Weight + Stress for Construction Load + Stress for Deck Slab
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(ii) Calculation of stress after applied SIDL -Long term
Stress for Stress for

Moment of Stress for
SIDL Moment Removal of Stress SIDL Crash Total Stress
Section Removal of Shutter (kNm) Crash Barrier Erection
(kNm) Shutter (Mpa) Barrier (Mpa)
load (kNm) Stage (Mpa)
(Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of Slab -0.39 0.36 0.14 0.11
At Mid Top of Girder -4.23 3.98 1.49 65.01 66.25

-1050.00 988.00 370.19
Span
Bottom of
8.35 -7.86 -2.94 -49.99 -52.44
Girder
Stress at Top of Slab = Moment / Zts for Composite Section Long term / Long term modular ratio for permanent loading
Stress at Top of Girder = Moment / Ztg for Composite Section Long term
Stress at Bottom of Girder = -Moment / Zbg for Composite Section Long term
Total Stress = Stress for Removal of Shutter + Stress SIDL + Stress for Crash Barrier + Stress for Erection Stage
(iii) Calculation of stress at different section at Service condition with wind load -short term
Stress for
Moment Due to Live Load +Snow Moment Due to Wind Load x 0.6 Differential Stress After Total Stress
Section Live Load Wind Load
Load (kNm) (kNm) Shrinkage SIDL (Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.20 0.13 -0.29 0.11 2.15
At Mid Top of Girder 10.69 0.62 30.92 66.25 108.48

4818.49 277.20
Span
Bottom of
-36.24 -2.08 -7.18 -52.44 -97.94
Girder
Stress at Top of Slab = Moment / Zts for Composite Section Short term / Short term modular ratio for transient loading
Stress at Top of Girder = Moment / Ztg for Composite Section Short term
Stress at Bottom of Girder = -Moment / Zbg for Composite Section Short term
Total Stress = Stress for Live Load + Stress for Wind Load + Stress for Differential Shrinkage + Stress After SIDL
(iv) Calculation of stress at different section at Service condition with (+ ) Temperature
Stress for
Differential Stress After
Section Stress for Live Load (Mpa) Temerature Stress x 0.6 (Mpa) Total Stress (Mpa) Check
Shrinkage SIDL (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.20 0.342 -0.29 0.11 2.37 <
At Mid Top of Girder 10.69 -13.35 30.92 66.25 94.51 <

Span
Bottom of
-36.24 24.41 -7.18 -52.44 -71.45 <
Girder
Total Stress = Stress for Live Load + (Temerature Stress x 0.6) + Stress for Differential Shrinkage + Stress After SIDL
(iv) Calculation of stress at different section at Service condition with (-) Temperature
Stress for
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.20 -0.240 -0.29 0.11 1.79 <
At Mid Top of Girder 10.69 6.24 30.92 66.25 114.10 <

Span
Bottom of
-36.24 -3.923 -7.18 -52.44 -99.78 <
Girder
3.4.4 Load combination for Rare Combination
1) Dead load +SIDL+Shrinakge

2) Dead load +SIDL+Shrinakge+ wind load(lead) (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+Shrinakge+Live load(lead)+wind load (accompany)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Shrinakge+Live load(accompany)+wind load (lead)
5) Dead load +SIDL+Shrinakge+Live load(lead)+Temperature(accompany)
6) Dead load +SIDL+Shrinakge+Live load(accompany)+Temperature(lead)
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a) Load combination
Load Case 1 (a) 2 (a) 2 (b) 3 (a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 4 (b)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Shrinkage 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75
Wind load-
Unloaded
1 1
Wind load-
Loaded
0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp (+ve)
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Shrinkage 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Live load 1 0.75 0.75 1 1 0.75 0.75
Wind load-
Unloaded
Wind load-
Loaded
Temp (+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1
3.4.5 Check for Rare Combination (SL1)
Stress for Stress for Stress for

Stress for Removal Stress
Dead Load Differential Stress SIDL Stress Live Wind load Wind load
Section Stress for Construction Load (Mpa) of Shuttering Temeperatur
Stress (Mpa) Shrinkage (Mpa) Load (Mpa) Unloaded Loaded
(Mpa) e (+) Mpa
(Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of
0.14 0.00 -0.39 -0.29 0.36 2.20 0.41 0.21 0.57
Slab
Top of
52.69 13.81 -4.23 30.92 3.98 10.69 1.99 1.03 -22.25
Girder
Bottom
of -42.31 -10.62 8.35 -7.18 -7.86 -36.24 -6.74 -3.47 40.68
Girder
Dead Load Stress at Top of Slab = Stress for Crash Barrier

Dead Load Stress at Top & Bottom of Girder = Stress for Stress for Erection Stage - Stress for Construction Load + Stress for Crash Barrier
Stress for Wind load Unloaded at Top of Slab = Moment due to Wind Load Unloaded / Zts for Composite Section Short term / Short term modular ratio for transient loading
Stress for Wind load Unloaded at Top of Girder = Moment due to Wind Load Unloaded / Ztg for Composite Section Short term
Stress for Wind load Unloaded at Bottom of Girder = -Moment due to Wind Load Unloaded / Zb for Composite Section Short term
Stress for Wind load Loaded = Stress for Wind load / 0.6
Stress for Different Load Cases
Section 1 2(a) 2(b) 3(a) 3(b) 4(a) 4(b) 5(a) 5(b)

Top of
0.282 0.7 0.619 2.61 2.539 2.15 2.073 2.8269 2.754
Slab
Top of
88.383 90.4 89.576 99.69 98.896 97.43 96.633 85.7258 84.930
Girder
Bottom
of -58.921 -65.7 -64.088 -97.24 -95.669 -89.57 -88.000 -70.7491 -69.178
Girder
Permissible
Max Stress Min Stress
Section 5(c) 5(d) 6(a) 6(b) 6(c) 6(d) Stress
(Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of
2.5 2.431 2.24 2.172 1.53 1.461 2.8269 0.282 13.333
Slab
Top of
74.2 73.356 105.32 104.524 106.81 106.012 106.8080 73.356 198.577
Girder
Bottom
of -45.4 -43.847 -99.08 -97.508 -92.64 -91.064 -43.8475 -99.079 -241.800
Girder
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6.4 .6 Shear Stress Check for Rare Combination (SL1)
Maximum Shear Force = V= 173 kN From STAAD and Combination

Depth of Web = d= 1771 mm
Thickness of Web = tw = 18 mm
Shear Stress = V/dtw
= *10^3/(*)
= 5.43 N/mm2 < 121.9 N/mm2 (permissible average shear stress in steel
girder)
OK
3.5 Deflection Check for frequent combination (SL2)
Load Case Dead Load SIDL Live Load Wind Load (Accompany)
Comb 1 1 1 0.6
DISPLACEMENT OBTAINED FROM STAAD MODEL
Absolute Absolute Absolute Absolute

Node No : Load Case x y z
displacement rotation x rotation y rotation Z
116 1.Dead Load 0.000 -13.000 0.000 13.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
2.Dead Load 0.000 -35.123 0.000 35.123 0.000 0.000 0.000
3. Construction 0.000 -12.854 0.000 12.854 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 1. Dead Load 0.000 -2.085 0.000 2.085 0.000 0.000 0.000
2.SIDL 0.000 -5.243 0.000 5.243 0.000 0.000 0.000
3.CONS LL 0.000 5.608 0.000 5.608 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 3.FOOTPATH LIVE 0.000 0.640 0.000 0.640 0.000 0.000 0.000
4. WIND LOAD -UNLOADED 0.000 4.488 0.000 4.488 0.000 0.000 0.000
5.WIND LOAD LOADED 0.000 -2.336 0.000 2.336 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 Live Load 0.000 -19.252 0.000 19.252 -0.002 0.000 0.000
Total Deflection at service case = -Deflection due to (Dead Load + Construction + SIDL + CONS LL + FOOTPATH LIVE load + Live Load + (0.6 * WIND LOAD
LOADED))
= -(++++++++0.6*)
= 82.71 mm > L / 600 = 48.30/600*1000
= 80.50 mm
(L = Effective Span of Girder)
CAMBER REQUIRED
Deflection for Live Load Case Only = 19.252 mm < L / 800 = 48.30/800*1000
= 60.375 mm
HENCE OK
3.6 Fatigue Check
The girder is built-up welded as per Table 19(b) of IRC 24-2010 detail category = 80 Mpa
Partial safety factor as per Cl 511.2.3 of IRC :24-2010:
ϒfft = Partial safety factor for loads and other effects = 1
ϒmft = Partial safety factor for fatigue strength (Refer Table 18 of IRC :24-2010) = 1.15
Applying partial factor of safety, allowable stress variation (f / (ϒfft * ϒmft)) = /(*)
= 69.6 Mpa
Correction factor ɥc for larger plate thickness than 25 mm thick = (25 / tf)^0.25
For tf = 32 mm
ɥc = (25/)^0.25
= 0.913
Hence Allowable fatigue strength fn = (f / (ϒfft * ϒmft)) * ɥc
= *
= 63.50 Mpa
Actual Number of Stress Cycles = Nsc
Maximum Stress variation due to live load= 36.24 Mpa
Clear Distance of Stiffener plate from Bottom Flange = 0.05 m
Thickness of Bottom Flange = 0.036 m
Bending stress at the edge of stiffener =
Maximum Stress variation due to live load / Yb of Composite Section -Short term * (Yb of Composite Section -Short
term - Thickness of Bottom Flange - Clear Distance of Stiffener plate from Bottom Flange)
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= /*(--)
= 34.80 Mpa
Shear Stress at the edge of stiffener = VAY / Ib
Shear Force, V = 158.151 kN
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A = tw * Thickness of Bottom Flange + tw * Clear Distance of Stiffener plate from Bottom Flange
= (/1000)*()+(/1000)*()
= 0.0015 m2
Y = Yb of Composite Section -Short term - (Thickness of Bottom Flange + Clear Distance of Stiffener plate from Bottom Flange) / 2
= -(+)/2
= 2.133 m
AY = With Hole = *
= 0.003302 m3
I= 0.03120 m4
b= 0.016 m
Shear Stress = V * AY / (b * I)
= *10^3*/(*)/10^6
= 1.04616 Mpa
Principal Shear Stress = (sigmax + sigmay) / 2 + ((sigmax + sigmay) / 2)^2 + shear stress^2)^0.5 where sigmax + sigmay = Bending stress at the edge
of stiffener
= /2+((/2)^2+^2)^0.5
= 34.83 Mpa
Fatigue strength is not required for f < 27 / ϒmft or Nsc < 5 x 10^6 x (27 / ϒmft / ϒfft x f)^3
= 27/
= 23.48 Mpa
Design Life, N = 100 Years
Average number of stress fluctuation in a day, A = 100
Total Number of Stress Cycle, Nsc = 365NA
= 365**
= 3650000 < 5000000
Stress variation = 36.24 Mpa
f= fn * (5 x 10^6 / Nsc)^(1 / 3)
= *(5*10^6/)^(1/3)
= 70.53 Mpa > 34.83 Mpa (Principal Shear Stress) Hence OK
f > 27 / ϒmft
= 23.48 Mpa
Nsc > 5 x 10^6 x (27 / ϒmft / ϒfft x f)
= 1467391
198 of 493
flange thickness * Top flange width^3 / 12 + Web depth * Web thickness^3 / 12 + Bottom flange thickness *
om flange width^3 / 12) * 10^12
199 of 493
200 of 493
201 of 493
Err:508
202 of 493
(Width of Top Flange * Thickness of Top Flange + Width of Bottom Flange * Thickness of
Area of Top Flange Plate of girder at splice location + Area of Bottom Flange Plate of girder at
splice location
(*(+*)*(/)))
203 of 493
(/)^2))))),(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))))
ꚍva = Minimum of Permissible average shear stress in unstiffened steel girder & Permissible
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
198.58
-241.80
Hence ok
204 of 493
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
198.58
-241.80
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
198.58
-241.80
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
198.6
-241.8
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
198.6
-241.8
Hence ok
205 of 493
5 (a)
1
1.2
1
1
0.6
Stress
Temeperature
(-) Mpa
-0.40
10.40
-6.54
d Load Unloaded / Zts for Composite Section Short term / Short term modular ratio for transient loading
Check
OK
OK
OK
206 of 493
N/mm2 (permissible average shear stress in steel
girder)
Load + Construction + SIDL + CONS LL + FOOTPATH LIVE load + Live Load + (0.6 * WIND LOAD
mum Stress variation due to live load / Yb of Composite Section -Short term * (Yb of Composite Section -Short
- Thickness of Bottom Flange - Clear Distance of Stiffener plate from Bottom Flange)
207 of 493
where sigmax + sigmay = Bending stress at the edge
of stiffener
208 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

4.0 Calculation of Flexural Stress at Mid Point of Inner Girder (G2) = 50.000 m
248 1. DEAD LOAD 108 0 29 0 0 0 -960
116 0 -1 0 0 0 1025
2. SIDL 108 0 86 0 0 0 -2692
116 0 0 0 0 0 2872
3.CONSTRUCTION 108 0 32 0 0 0 -985
116 0 0 0 7 0 1051
459 1. DEAD LOAD 210 0 -7 0 7 0 -370
216 0 18 0 1 0 353
2. SIDL 210 0 11 0 1 0 -978
216 0 -3 0 0 0 988
210 0 -11
216 0 0 0 0 0 -1050
459 4.FOOTPATH 210 0 -3 0 0 0 148
216 0 3 0 0 0 -152
5.WIND LOAD (UNLOAD) 210 0 -9 0 0 0 890
216 0 0 0 0 0 -896
6. WIND LOAD (LOADED) 210 0 5 0 0 0 -459
216 0 0 0 1 0 462
459 7. Live Load
MAX ( +VE) 0 186 0 0 0 -4670
0 0
MAX ( -VE) 0 -158 0 0 0


= (0.036+2.750+0.032)*1000
= 2818 mm
= (0.028*0.450^3/12+2.000*0.016^3/12+0.032*0.700^3/12)*10^12
= 1.13E+09 mm4
= (/)^0.5
= 107.5 mm

= /(0.850/2*1000)
= 2654057 mm3
209 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= /((-1.2249*1000))
= 76115282 mm3
210 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= (250/)^0.5
= 0.801
= (250/)^0.5
= 0.781



= +(-)/2/
= 9.54 > 8.4ԑ = 8.4* = 6.73
> 9.4ԑ = 9.4* = 7.53
= +/
= *
= 1574 mm


λLT
KLY = KL = 4630 mm
KLY / ry = /1.5E+02
= 30.23
KLZ / rz = /1.1E+03
= 4.15
211 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
212 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
pi() = 3.14
λy =
= ((*^2)/(^2*))^0.5
= 0.43
λz =
= ((*^2)/(^2*))^0.5
= 0.06
αLT = 0.49
= (0.036/2+2.750+0.032/2)*1000
= 2784 m
Mcr = ((^2***)/(2*^2)*(1+1/20*(()/(/))^2)^0.5)
= 1.448E+11 N-mm
In Y direction,
= (*/)^0.5
= 0.16
ɸLT = 0.5 * (1 + αLT * (λLT - 0.2) + λLT^2)
= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.50
= 1 if 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5) > 1
= IF(1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)<1,1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5),1)
= 1.0
= */
= 355 N/mm2
Md = Zey * fbd / 10^6
= */10^6
= 941 kNm
In Z direction,
= (*/)^0.5
= 0.516
ɸLT = 0.5 * (1 + αLT * (λLT - 0.2) + λLT^2)
= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.71
XLT = 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5)
= 1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)
= 0.8
= 296 N/mm2
Md = Zey * fbd / 10^6
= */10^6
= 22508 kNm


Zpz = 103172691 mm3
Zpy = 161505758.033505 mm3
XLT = 1.0
fy = 390 N/mm2
ϒm0 = 1.1
213 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
fbd = 355 N/mm2
214 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= **/10^6
= 941 kNm
Mdz = Zez * fy / ϒm0 / 10^6
= *//10^6
= 44587 kNm


Zpz = 166441399 mm3
Zpy = 21754509 mm3
XLT = 1.0
fy = 390 N/mm2
fbd = 355 N/mm2
ϒm0 = 1.1
= */10^6
= 941 kNm
Mdz = Zez * fy / ϒm0 / 10^6
= *//10^6
= 47147 kNm
Type of
Loading
Erection Stage
DL + Cons LL 4948 1.35 6680 < 22508 87.763
Moment

Long Term
SIDL 988 1.75 1729 < 44587 13.749
Moment
Cons LL -1050 1.35 -1418 < -11.272
Short Term
Wind Load 462 0.9 416 < 47147 3.127
Moment
Total 151.692
Type of
Loading
Erection Stage
DL +Cons LL 0 1.35 0 < 22508 0.000
Moment
Long Term SIDL 0 1.75 0 < 0.000

941
Moment CONS LL 0 1.35 0 < 0.000
941
Total 0.000


= /+(++)/+(++)/+/+(+)/+(+)/
= 0.48 < 1 OK
Vn = Vcr = Avτv
215 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Fyw = 410 N/mm2

216 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

Cons LL 0 1.35 0
Live Load + Snow
Load
Wind Load 0 0.9 0
Total 172 258
= 1574 mm
= 16 mm
d/tw = /
= 98.4 > 67ԑ = 67* (Here ε = ε1)
Av = Area of Web
= Kv*pi^2*E/(12*(1-ɥ^2)*(d/tw)^2)
ɥ= Poision Ratio
= 0.3
E= Young's Modulus
= 200000 Mpa
= 4+5.35/(c/d)^2 for c/d<1
= 5.35+4/(c/d)^2 for c/d>1
c= 1800 mm
= /
= 0.64
Kv = IF(<1,4+5.35/^2,5.35+4/^2)
τcr = *3.14^2*/(12*(1-0.3^2)*(/)^2)
= 319 Mpa
= 0.86 > 0.8 and < 1.2
If λw < 0.8,
= /(SQRT(3))
= 236.714 Mpa
If 0.8 < λw < 1.2,
τv = (1-0.8*(λw -0.8))*fyw/sqrt(3)
= (1-0.8*(-0.8))*/(SQRT(3))
= 225.138 Mpa
If λw > 1.2,
= /SQRT(3)/(^2)
= 319.218 Mpa
Vcr = Av τv
= **/1000
= 5671 kN
217 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

Vn = Vtf
ꚍv = 225.138 Mpa

Nf = Mu / d
= *10^6/(-/2-/2)
= 2396012.73314204 N
Mtf = 0.25**^2**((1)-(/(***))^2)
= 36512248.8803687 N-mm
ɸ= tan-1(d/c)
c= 1800 mm
ɸ= ATAN(/)*180/PI()
= 41.172 Degree
Sc = St
= 2 / Sin(ɸ) * (Mfr / (fytw))^0.5 < c
Mfr = 36512248.88 N-mm
Sc = (2/SIN(*PI()/180))*(/(*))^0.5
= 226.7 mm
= *COS(*PI()/180)-(--)*SIN(*PI()/180)
= 298.4 mm
fv = {fyw2 - 3ꚍv2 + ψ2)^0.5 - ψ

= (^2-3*^2+^2)^(0.5)-
= 0.1 MPa
ψ= 1.5ꚍvsin(2ɸ)
= 1.5**SIN(2**PI()/180)
= 334.70 Mpa
218 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
The Shear Resitance

Vtf = (**+0.9****SIN(*PI()/180))/1000
219 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= (*+*)/10^6
= 0.0426 m2
splice location
= 0.0097440+0.0175040
= 0.0272 m2
=/
= 0.64
= (/1000)*(/1000)^3/12
= 3.88E-04 m4
= +(/1000)*(/1000)^3/12
= 2.03E-03 m4
= /
= 0.192
= (/)^0.5
= 0.1075 m
=/
= 43.05 <300
= 26.5*10^5/^2
= 1429.8 N/mm2
= *(1+1/20*(*/)^2)^0.5
= 1436.4 N/mm2
=-
= 1.593 m
= /
= 1.750
= /(/1000)
= 171.875
fcb =
IF(<2,IF(<85,(1.2**(+(*))*(/)),(*(+*)*(/))),(*(+*)*(/)))
= 701 N/mm2
= 0.66**/((()^1.4+()^1.4)^(1/1.4))
= 198.4 N/mm2
σb = 0.62fy
220 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 0.62*
= 241.8 N/mm2
221 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= MIN(,)
= 198.4 N/mm2
= MAX(,)
= 241.8 N/mm2

= 0.35*
= 136.5 N/mm2
= 0.35fy[1.3 - fy1/2d/t/4000{1+1/2(d/c)2} if c>d
=
IF(<,(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))),(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))))
= 115.0 N/mm2
= MIN(,)
= 115.0 N/mm2
= 0.43*
= 167.7 N/mm2 Err:508
= M40/3
= 13.33 N/mm2
= 0.87*
= 339.3 N/mm2
Mid Span
Composite Composite
for SIDL for LL
A m2 0.098 0.152 0.206

Iz m4 0.121 0.235 0.289
Yb m 1.225 1.871 2.176
Zb = Iz / Yb m3 0.099 0.126 0.133
Yts m 1.297 0.992
Zts m3 0.181 0.292
Ytg m 1.593 0.947 0.642
Ztg m3 0.076 0.248 0.451
Top of Slab
At Mid Top of Girder 13.46 13.81 37.74 65.01 <

Span 1024.56 1051.17 2872.48
Bottom of
-10.35 -10.62 -29.02 -49.99 <
Girder
222 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

223 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

(Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of Slab -0.39 0.36 0.14 0.11
At Mid Top of Girder -4.23 3.98 1.49 65.01 66.25

-1050.00 988.00 370.19
Span
Bottom of
8.35 -7.86 -2.94 -49.99 -52.44
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.20 0.13 -0.29 0.11 2.15
At Mid Top of Girder 10.69 0.62 30.92 66.25 108.48

4818.49 277.20
Span
Bottom of
-36.24 -2.08 -7.18 -52.44 -97.94
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.20 0.342 -0.29 0.11 2.37 <
At Mid Top of Girder 10.69 -13.35 30.92 66.25 94.51 <

Span
Bottom of
-36.24 24.41 -7.18 -52.44 -71.45 <
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.20 -0.240 -0.29 0.11 1.79 <
At Mid Top of Girder 10.69 6.24 30.92 66.25 114.10 <

Span
Bottom of
-36.24 -3.923 -7.18 -52.44 -99.78 <
Girder

224 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
a) Load combination

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Shrinkage 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75
Wind load-
Unloaded
1 1
Wind load-
Loaded
0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp (+ve)
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Shrinkage 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Live load 1 0.75 0.75 1 1 0.75 0.75
Wind load-
Unloaded
Wind load-
Loaded
Temp (+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1

(Mpa) e (+) Mpa
(Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of
0.14 0.00 -0.39 -0.29 0.36 2.20 0.41 0.21 0.57
Slab
Top of
52.69 13.81 -4.23 30.92 3.98 10.69 1.99 1.03 -22.25
Girder
Bottom
of -42.31 -10.62 8.35 -7.18 -7.86 -36.24 -6.74 -3.47 40.68
Girder


Top of
0.282 0.7 0.619 2.61 2.539 2.15 2.073 2.8269 2.754
Slab
Top of
88.383 90.4 89.576 99.69 98.896 97.43 96.633 85.7258 84.930
Girder
Bottom
of -58.921 -65.7 -64.088 -97.24 -95.669 -89.57 -88.000 -70.7491 -69.178
Girder
Permissible
(Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of
2.5 2.431 2.24 2.172 1.53 1.461 2.8269 0.282 13.333
Slab
Top of
74.2 73.356 105.32 104.524 106.81 106.012 106.8080 73.356 198.358
Girder
Bottom
of -45.4 -43.847 -99.08 -97.508 -92.64 -91.064 -43.8475 -99.079 -241.800
Girder
225 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
4.4.6 Shear Stress Check for Rare Combination (SL1)

= *10^3/(*)
girder)
OK
Comb 1 1 1 0.6

116 1.Dead Load 0.000 -13.000 0.000 13.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
2.Dead Load 0.000 -35.123 0.000 35.123 0.000 0.000 0.000
3. Construction 0.000 -12.854 0.000 12.854 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 1. Dead Load 0.000 -2.085 0.000 2.085 0.000 0.000 0.000
2.SIDL 0.000 -5.243 0.000 5.243 0.000 0.000 0.000
3.CONS LL 0.000 5.608 0.000 5.608 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 3.FOOTPATH LIVE 0.000 0.640 0.000 0.640 0.000 0.000 0.000
5.WIND LOAD LOADED 0.000 -2.336 0.000 2.336 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 Live Load 0.000 -19.252 0.000 19.252 -0.002 0.000 0.000
LOADED))
= -(++++++++0.6*)
= 82.71 mm > L / 600 = 48.30/600*1000
= 80.50 mm
CAMBER REQUIRED
= 60.375 mm
HENCE OK
4.6 Fatigue Check
= 69.6 Mpa
For tf = 28 mm
ɥc = (25/)^0.25
= 0.940
= *
= 65.40 Mpa
226 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= /*(--)
= 34.87 Mpa
227 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= (/1000)*()+(/1000)*()
= 0.0013 m2
= -(+)/2
= 2.135 m
AY = With Hole = *
= 0.002801 m3
I= 0.03120 m4
b= 0.016 m
= *10^3*/(*)/10^6
= 0.88750 Mpa
of stiffener
= /2+((/2)^2+^2)^0.5
= 34.89 Mpa
= 27/
= 23.48 Mpa
= 365**
= 3650000 < 5000000
f= fn * (5 x 10^6 / Nsc)^(1 / 3)
= *(5*10^6/)^(1/3)
f > 27 / ϒmft
= 23.48 Mpa
= 1467391
228 of 493
229 of 493
230 of 493
231 of 493
Err:508
232 of 493
splice location
(*(+*)*(/)))
233 of 493
(/)^2))))),(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))))
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
198.36
-241.80
Hence ok
234 of 493
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
198.36
-241.80
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
198.36
-241.80
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
198.4
-241.8
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
198.4
-241.8
Hence ok
235 of 493
5 (a)
1
1.2
1
1
0.6
Stress
Temeperature
(-) Mpa
-0.40
10.40
-6.54
Check
OK
OK
OK
236 of 493
girder)
237 of 493
of stiffener
238 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

5.0 Calculation of Flexural Stress at Splice Point of Outer Girder (G1) = 50.000 m
248 1. DEAD LOAD 108 0 29 0 0 0 -960
116 0 -1 0 0 0 1025
2. SIDL 108 0 86 0 0 0 -2692
116 0 0 0 0 0 2872
3.CONSTRUCTION 108 0 32 0 0 0 -985
116 0 0 0 7 0 1051
459 1. DEAD LOAD 210 0 -7 0 7 0 -370
216 0 18 0 1 0 353
2. SIDL 210 0 11 0 1 0 -978
216 0 -3 0 0 0 988
210 0 -11
216 0 0 0 0 0 -1050
459 4.FOOTPATH 210 0 -3 0 0 0 148
216 0 3 0 0 0 -152
5.WIND LOAD (UNLOAD) 210 0 -9 0 0 0 890
216 0 0 0 0 0 -896
6. WIND LOAD (LOADED) 210 0 5 0 0 0 -459
216 0 0 0 1 0 462
459 7. Live Load
MAX ( +VE) 0 186 0 0 0 -4670
0 0
MAX ( -VE) 0 -158 0 0 0


= (0.032+2.750+0.036)*1000
= 2818 mm
= (0.028*0.450^3/12+2.000*0.016^3/12+0.032*0.700^3/12)*10^12
= 1.13E+09 mm4
= (/)^0.5
= 118.9 mm

= /(0.850/2*1000)
= 2654057 mm3
239 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= /((-1.2228*1000))
= 65589729 mm3
240 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= (250/)^0.5
= 0.801
= (250/)^0.5
= 0.781



= +(-)/2/
= 9.54 > 8.4ԑ = 8.4* = 6.73
> 9.4ԑ = 9.4* = 7.53
= +/
= *
= 1574 mm


λLT
KLY = KL = 4630 mm
KLY / ry = /1.7E+02
= 27.34
KLZ / rz = /1.1E+03
= 4.04
241 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
242 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
pi() = 3.14
λy =
= ((*^2)/(^2*))^0.5
= 0.38
λz =
= ((*^2)/(^2*))^0.5
= 0.06
αLT = 0.49
= (0.036/2+2.750+0.032/2)*1000
= 2784 m
Mcr = ((^2***)/(2*^2)*(1+1/20*(()/(/))^2)^0.5)
= 1.447E+11 N-mm
In Y direction,
= (*/)^0.5
= 0.16
ɸLT = 0.5 * (1 + αLT * (λLT - 0.2) + λLT^2)
= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.50
= 1 if 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5) > 1
= IF(1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)<1,1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5),1)
= 1.0
= */
= 355 N/mm2
Md = Zey * fbd / 10^6
= */10^6
= 941 kNm
In Z direction,
= (*/)^0.5
= 0.521
ɸLT = 0.5 * (1 + αLT * (λLT - 0.2) + λLT^2)
= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.71
XLT = 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5)
= 1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)
= 0.8
= 295 N/mm2
Md = Zey * fbd / 10^6
= */10^6
= 19332 kNm


Zpz = 84913572 mm3
Zpy = 161505758.033505 mm3
XLT = 1.0
fy = 390 N/mm2
ϒm0 = 1.1
243 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
fbd = 355 N/mm2
244 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= **/10^6
= 941 kNm
Mdz = Zez * fy / ϒm0 / 10^6
= *//10^6
= 38174 kNm


Zpz = 137903212 mm3
Zpy = 19645149 mm3
XLT = 1.0
fy = 390 N/mm2
fbd = 355 N/mm2
ϒm0 = 1.1
= */10^6
= 941 kNm
Mdz = Zez * fy / ϒm0 / 10^6
= *//10^6
= 39999 kNm
Type of
Loading
Erection Stage
DL + Cons LL 4948 1.35 6680 < 19332 101.846
Moment

Long Term
SIDL 988 1.75 1729 < 38174 16.058
Moment
Cons LL -1050 1.35 -1418 < -13.165
Short Term
Wind Load 462 0.9 416 < 39999 3.686
Moment
Total 177.129
Type of
Loading
Erection Stage
DL +Cons LL 0 1.35 0 < 19332 0.000
Moment
Long Term SIDL 0 1.75 0 < 0.000

941
Moment CONS LL 0 1.35 0 < 0.000
941
Total 0.000


= /+(++)/+(++)/+/+(+)/+(+)/
= 0.56 < 1 OK
Vn = Vcr = Avτv
245 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Fyw = 410 N/mm2

246 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

Cons LL 0 1.35 0
Live Load + Snow
Load
Wind Load 0 0.9 0
Total 172 258
= 1574 mm
= 16 mm
d/tw = /
= 98.4 > 67ԑ = 67* (Here ε = ε1)
Av = Area of Web
= Kv*pi^2*E/(12*(1-ɥ^2)*(d/tw)^2)
ɥ= Poision Ratio
= 0.3
E= Young's Modulus
= 200000 Mpa
= 4+5.35/(c/d)^2 for c/d<1
= 5.35+4/(c/d)^2 for c/d>1
c= 1800 mm
= /
= 0.64
Kv = IF(<1,4+5.35/^2,5.35+4/^2)
τcr = *3.14^2*/(12*(1-0.3^2)*(/)^2)
= 319 Mpa
= 0.86 > 0.8 and < 1.2
If λw < 0.8,
= /(SQRT(3))
= 236.714 Mpa
If 0.8 < λw < 1.2,
τv = (1-0.8*(λw -0.8))*fyw/sqrt(3)
= (1-0.8*(-0.8))*/(SQRT(3))
= 225.138 Mpa
If λw > 1.2,
= /SQRT(3)/(^2)
= 319.218 Mpa
Vcr = Av τv
= **/1000
= 5671 kN
247 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

Vn = Vtf
ꚍv = 225.138 Mpa

Nf = Mu / d
= *10^6/(-/2-/2)
= 2396012.73314204 N
Mtf = 0.25**^2**((1)-(/(***))^2)
= 36512248.8803687 N-mm
ɸ= tan-1(d/c)
c= 1800 mm
ɸ= ATAN(/)*180/PI()
= 41.172 Degree
Sc = St
= 2 / Sin(ɸ) * (Mfr / (fytw))^0.5 < c
Mfr = 36512248.88 N-mm
Sc = (2/SIN(*PI()/180))*(/(*))^0.5
= 226.7 mm
= *COS(*PI()/180)-(--)*SIN(*PI()/180)
= 298.4 mm
fv = {fyw2 - 3ꚍv2 + ψ2)^0.5 - ψ

= (^2-3*^2+^2)^(0.5)-
= 0.1 MPa
ψ= 1.5ꚍvsin(2ɸ)
= 1.5**SIN(2**PI()/180)
= 334.70 Mpa
248 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
The Shear Resitance

Vtf = (**+0.9****SIN(*PI()/180))/1000
249 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= (*+*)/10^6
= 0.0426 m2
splice location
= 0.0097440+0.0175040
= 0.0272 m2
=/
= 0.64
= (/1000)*(/1000)^3/12
= 3.88E-04 m4
= +(/1000)*(/1000)^3/12
= 2.03E-03 m4
= /
= 0.192
= (/)^0.5
= 0.1189 m
=/
= 38.93 <300
= 26.5*10^5/^2
= 1748.5 N/mm2
= *(1+1/20*(*/)^2)^0.5
= 1755.0 N/mm2
=-
= 1.595 m
= /
= 1.750
= /(/1000)
= 171.875
fcb =
IF(<2,IF(<85,(1.2**(+(*))*(/)),(*(+*)*(/))),(*(+*)*(/)))
= 858 N/mm2
= 0.66**/((()^1.4+()^1.4)^(1/1.4))
= 209.8 N/mm2
σb = 0.62fy
250 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 0.62*
= 241.8 N/mm2
251 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= MIN(,)
= 209.8 N/mm2
= MAX(,)
= 241.8 N/mm2

= 0.35*
= 136.5 N/mm2
= 0.35fy[1.3 - fy1/2d/t/4000{1+1/2(d/c)2} if c>d
=
IF(<,(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))),(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))))
= 115.0 N/mm2
= MIN(,)
= 115.0 N/mm2
= 0.43*
= 167.7 N/mm2 Err:508
= M40/3
= 13.33 N/mm2
= 0.87*
= 339.3 N/mm2
At Splice Location
Composite Composite
for SIDL for LL
A m2 0.080 0.134 0.188

Iz m4 0.105 0.210 0.255
Yb m 1.223 1.955 2.265
Zb = Iz / Yb m3 0.086 0.108 0.113
Yts m 1.213 0.903
Zts m3 0.173 0.283
Ytg m 1.595 0.863 0.553
Ztg m3 0.066 0.244 0.462
Top of Slab
At
Splice Top of Girder 15.62 16.03 43.79 75.44 <
Locatio 1024.56 1051.17 2872.48
n Bottom of
-11.97 -12.28 -33.57 -57.83 <
Girder
252 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

253 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

(Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of Slab -0.40 0.38 0.14 0.12

At
Splice Top of Girder -4.31 4.05 1.52 75.44 76.71
-1050.00 988.00 370.19
Locatio
n Bottom of
9.75 -9.18 -3.44 -57.83 -60.69
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.27 0.13 -0.29 0.12 2.23

At
Splice Top of Girder 10.44 0.60 30.92 76.71 118.66
4818.49 277.20
Locatio
n Bottom of
-42.71 -2.46 -7.18 -60.69 -113.04
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.27 0.342 -0.29 0.12 2.44 <

At
Splice Top of Girder 10.44 -13.35 30.92 76.71 104.71 <
Locatio
n Bottom of
-42.71 24.41 -7.18 -60.69 -86.17 <
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.27 -0.240 -0.29 0.12 1.86 <

At
Splice Top of Girder 10.44 6.24 30.92 76.71 124.30 <
Locatio
n Bottom of
-42.71 -3.923 -7.18 -60.69 -114.50 <
Girder

254 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
a) Load combination

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Shrinkage 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75
Wind load-
Unloaded
1 1
Wind load-
Loaded
0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp (+ve)
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Shrinkage 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Live load 1 0.75 0.75 1 1 0.75 0.75
Wind load-
Unloaded
Wind load-
Loaded
Temp (+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1

(Mpa) e (+) Mpa
(Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of
0.14 0.00 -0.40 -0.29 0.38 2.27 0.42 0.22 0.57
Slab
Top of
60.93 16.03 -4.31 30.92 4.05 10.44 1.94 1.00 -22.25
Girder
Bottom
of -48.98 -12.28 9.75 -7.18 -9.18 -42.71 -7.94 -4.10 40.68
Girder


Top of
0.308 0.7 0.654 2.71 2.634 2.23 2.153 2.9213 2.845
Slab
Top of
96.714 98.7 97.844 107.75 106.940 105.54 104.731 93.7988 92.988
Girder
Bottom
of -67.173 -75.1 -73.279 -112.34 -110.505 -103.30 -101.465 -85.4757 -83.640
Girder
Permissible
(Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of
2.6 2.505 2.34 2.263 1.61 1.535 2.9213 0.308 13.333
Slab
Top of
82.3 81.479 113.39 112.582 114.95 114.135 114.9453 81.479 209.773
Girder
Bottom
of -58.5 -56.692 -113.81 -111.970 -105.74 -103.908 -56.6915 -113.806 -241.800
Girder
255 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= *10^3/(*)
girder)
OK
Comb 1 1 1 0.6

116 1.Dead Load 0.000 -13.000 0.000 13.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
2.Dead Load 0.000 -35.123 0.000 35.123 0.000 0.000 0.000
3. Construction 0.000 -12.854 0.000 12.854 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 1. Dead Load 0.000 -2.085 0.000 2.085 0.000 0.000 0.000
2.SIDL 0.000 -5.243 0.000 5.243 0.000 0.000 0.000
3.CONS LL 0.000 5.608 0.000 5.608 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 3.FOOTPATH LIVE 0.000 0.640 0.000 0.640 0.000 0.000 0.000
5.WIND LOAD LOADED 0.000 -2.336 0.000 2.336 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 Live Load 0.000 -19.252 0.000 19.252 -0.002 0.000 0.000
LOADED))
= -(++++++++0.6*)
= 82.71 mm > L / 600 = 48.30/600*1000
= 80.50 mm
CAMBER REQUIRED
= 60.375 mm
HENCE OK
5.6 Fatigue Check
= 69.6 Mpa
For tf = 28 mm
ɥc = (25/)^0.25
= 0.940
= *
= 65.40 Mpa
256 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= /*(--)
= 41.16 Mpa
257 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= (/1000)*()+(/1000)*()
= 0.0013 m2
= -(+)/2
= 2.224 m
AY = With Hole = *
= 0.002917 m3
I= 0.03120 m4
b= 0.016 m
= *10^3*/(*)/10^6
= 0.92440 Mpa
of stiffener
= /2+((/2)^2+^2)^0.5
= 41.18 Mpa
= 27/
= 23.48 Mpa
= 365**
= 3650000 < 5000000
f= fn * (5 x 10^6 / Nsc)^(1 / 3)
= *(5*10^6/)^(1/3)
f > 27 / ϒmft
= 23.48 Mpa
= 1467391
258 of 493
259 of 493
260 of 493
261 of 493
Err:508
262 of 493
splice location
(*(+*)*(/)))
263 of 493
(/)^2))))),(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))))
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
209.77
-241.80
Hence ok
264 of 493
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
209.77
-241.80
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
209.77
-241.80
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
209.8
-241.8
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
209.8
-241.8
Hence ok
265 of 493
5 (a)
1
1.2
1
1
0.6
Stress
Temeperature
(-) Mpa
-0.40
10.40
-6.54
Check
OK
OK
OK
266 of 493
girder)
267 of 493
of stiffener
268 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

6.0 Calculation of Flexural Stress at Splice Point of Inner Girder (G2) = 50.000 m
248 1. DEAD LOAD 108 0 29 0 0 0 -960
116 0 -1 0 0 0 1025
2. SIDL 108 0 86 0 0 0 -2692
116 0 0 0 0 0 2872
3.CONSTRUCTION 108 0 32 0 0 0 -985
116 0 0 0 7 0 1051
459 1. DEAD LOAD 210 0 -7 0 7 0 -370
216 0 18 0 1 0 353
2. SIDL 210 0 11 0 1 0 -978
216 0 -3 0 0 0 988
210 0 -11
216 0 0 0 0 0 -1050
459 4.FOOTPATH 210 0 -3 0 0 0 148
216 0 3 0 0 0 -152
5.WIND LOAD (UNLOAD) 210 0 -9 0 0 0 890
216 0 0 0 0 0 -896
6. WIND LOAD (LOADED) 210 0 5 0 0 0 -459
216 0 0 0 1 0 462
459 7. Live Load
MAX ( +VE) 0 186 0 0 0 -4670
0 0
MAX ( -VE) 0 -158 0 0 0


= (0.032+2.750+0.036)*1000
= 2818 mm
= (0.028*0.450^3/12+2.000*0.016^3/12+0.032*0.700^3/12)*10^12
= 1.13E+09 mm4
= (/)^0.5
= 118.9 mm

= /(0.850/2*1000)
= 2654057 mm3
269 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= /((-1.2228*1000))
= 65589729 mm3
270 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= (250/)^0.5
= 0.801
= (250/)^0.5
= 0.781



= +(-)/2/
= 9.54 > 8.4ԑ = 8.4* = 6.73
> 9.4ԑ = 9.4* = 7.53
= +/
= *
= 1574 mm


λLT
KLY = KL = 4200 mm
KLY / ry = /1.7E+02
= 24.80
KLZ / rz = /1.1E+03
= 3.67
271 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
272 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
pi() = 3.14
λy =
= ((*^2)/(^2*))^0.5
= 0.35
λz =
= ((*^2)/(^2*))^0.5
= 0.05
αLT = 0.49
= (0.036/2+2.750+0.032/2)*1000
= 2784 m
Mcr = ((^2***)/(2*^2)*(1+1/20*(()/(/))^2)^0.5)
= 1.758E+11 N-mm
In Y direction,
= (*/)^0.5
= 0.14
ɸLT = 0.5 * (1 + αLT * (λLT - 0.2) + λLT^2)
= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.50
= 1 if 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5) > 1
= IF(1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)<1,1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5),1)
= 1.0
= */
= 355 N/mm2
Md = Zey * fbd / 10^6
= */10^6
= 941 kNm
In Z direction,
= (*/)^0.5
= 0.472
ɸLT = 0.5 * (1 + αLT * (λLT - 0.2) + λLT^2)
= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.68
XLT = 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5)
= 1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)
= 0.9
= 304 N/mm2
Md = Zey * fbd / 10^6
= */10^6
= 19959 kNm


Zpz = 84913572 mm3
Zpy = 161505758.033505 mm3
XLT = 1.0
fy = 390 N/mm2
ϒm0 = 1.1
273 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
fbd = 355 N/mm2
274 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= **/10^6
= 941 kNm
Mdz = Zez * fy / ϒm0 / 10^6
= *//10^6
= 38174 kNm


Zpz = 137903212 mm3
Zpy = 19645149 mm3
XLT = 1.0
fy = 390 N/mm2
fbd = 355 N/mm2
ϒm0 = 1.1
= */10^6
= 941 kNm
Mdz = Zez * fy / ϒm0 / 10^6
= *//10^6
= 39999 kNm
Type of
Loading
Erection Stage
DL + Cons LL 4948 1.35 6680 < 19959 101.846
Moment

Long Term
SIDL 988 1.75 1729 < 38174 16.058
Moment
Cons LL -1050 1.35 -1418 < -13.165
Short Term
Wind Load 462 0.9 416 < 39999 3.686
Moment
Total 177.129
Type of
Loading
Erection Stage
DL +Cons LL 0 1.35 0 < 19959 0.000
Moment
Long Term SIDL 0 1.75 0 < 0.000

941
Moment CONS LL 0 1.35 0 < 0.000
941
Total 0.000


= /+(++)/+(++)/+/+(+)/+(+)/
= 0.55 < 1 OK
Vn = Vcr = Avτv
275 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Fyw = 410 N/mm2

276 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

Cons LL 0 1.35 0
Live Load + Snow
Load
Wind Load 0 0.9 0
Total 172 258
= 1574 mm
= 16 mm
d/tw = /
= 98.4 > 67ԑ = 67* (Here ε = ε1)
Av = Area of Web
= Kv*pi^2*E/(12*(1-ɥ^2)*(d/tw)^2)
ɥ= Poision Ratio
= 0.3
E= Young's Modulus
= 200000 Mpa
= 4+5.35/(c/d)^2 for c/d<1
= 5.35+4/(c/d)^2 for c/d>1
c= 1800 mm
= /
= 0.64
Kv = IF(<1,4+5.35/^2,5.35+4/^2)
τcr = *3.14^2*/(12*(1-0.3^2)*(/)^2)
= 319 Mpa
= 0.86 > 0.8 and < 1.2
If λw < 0.8,
= /(SQRT(3))
= 236.714 Mpa
If 0.8 < λw < 1.2,
τv = (1-0.8*(λw -0.8))*fyw/sqrt(3)
= (1-0.8*(-0.8))*/(SQRT(3))
= 225.138 Mpa
If λw > 1.2,
= /SQRT(3)/(^2)
= 319.218 Mpa
Vcr = Av τv
= **/1000
= 5671 kN
277 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

Vn = Vtf
ꚍv = 225.138 Mpa

Nf = Mu / d
= *10^6/(-/2-/2)
= 2396012.73314204 N
Mtf = 0.25**^2**((1)-(/(***))^2)
= 36512248.8803687 N-mm
ɸ= tan-1(d/c)
c= 1800 mm
ɸ= ATAN(/)*180/PI()
= 41.172 Degree
Sc = St
= 2 / Sin(ɸ) * (Mfr / (fytw))^0.5 < c
Mfr = 36512248.88 N-mm
Sc = (2/SIN(*PI()/180))*(/(*))^0.5
= 226.7 mm
= *COS(*PI()/180)-(--)*SIN(*PI()/180)
= 298.4 mm
fv = {fyw2 - 3ꚍv2 + ψ2)^0.5 - ψ

= (^2-3*^2+^2)^(0.5)-
= 0.1 MPa
ψ= 1.5ꚍvsin(2ɸ)
= 1.5**SIN(2**PI()/180)
= 334.70 Mpa
278 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
The Shear Resitance

Vtf = (**+0.9****SIN(*PI()/180))/1000
279 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= (*+*)/10^6
= 0.0426 m2
splice location
= 0.0097440+0.0175040
= 0.0272 m2
=/
= 0.64
= (/1000)*(/1000)^3/12
= 3.88E-04 m4
= +(/1000)*(/1000)^3/12
= 2.03E-03 m4
= /
= 0.192
= (/)^0.5
= 0.1189 m
=/
= 35.32 <300
= 26.5*10^5/^2
= 2124.8 N/mm2
= *(1+1/20*(*/)^2)^0.5
= 2131.4 N/mm2
=-
= 1.595 m
= /
= 1.750
= /(/1000)
= 171.875
fcb =
IF(<2,IF(<85,(1.2**(+(*))*(/)),(*(+*)*(/))),(*(+*)*(/)))
= 1041 N/mm2
= 0.66**/((()^1.4+()^1.4)^(1/1.4))
= 219.1 N/mm2
σb = 0.62fy
280 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 0.62*
= 241.8 N/mm2
281 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= MIN(,)
= 219.1 N/mm2
= MAX(,)
= 241.8 N/mm2

= 0.35*
= 136.5 N/mm2
= 0.35fy[1.3 - fy1/2d/t/4000{1+1/2(d/c)2} if c>d
=
IF(<,(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))),(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))))
= 115.0 N/mm2
= MIN(,)
= 115.0 N/mm2
= 0.43*
= 167.7 N/mm2 Err:508
= M40/3
= 13.33 N/mm2
= 0.87*
= 339.3 N/mm2
At Splice Location
Composite Composite
for SIDL for LL
A m2 0.080 0.134 0.188

Iz m4 0.105 0.210 0.255
Yb m 1.223 1.955 2.265
Zb = Iz / Yb m3 0.086 0.108 0.113
Yts m 1.213 0.903
Zts m3 0.173 0.283
Ytg m 1.595 0.863 0.553
Ztg m3 0.066 0.244 0.462
Top of Slab
At
Splice Top of Girder 15.62 16.03 43.79 75.44 <
Locatio 1024.56 1051.17 2872.48
n Bottom of
-11.97 -12.28 -33.57 -57.83 <
Girder
282 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

283 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

(Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of Slab -0.40 0.38 0.14 0.12

At
Splice Top of Girder -4.31 4.05 1.52 75.44 76.71
-1050.00 988.00 370.19
Locatio
n Bottom of
9.75 -9.18 -3.44 -57.83 -60.69
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.27 0.13 -0.29 0.12 2.23

At
Splice Top of Girder 10.44 0.60 30.92 76.71 118.66
4818.49 277.20
Locatio
n Bottom of
-42.71 -2.46 -7.18 -60.69 -113.04
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.27 0.342 -0.29 0.12 2.44 <

At
Splice Top of Girder 10.44 -13.35 30.92 76.71 104.71 <
Locatio
n Bottom of
-42.71 24.41 -7.18 -60.69 -86.17 <
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.27 -0.240 -0.29 0.12 1.86 <

At
Splice Top of Girder 10.44 6.24 30.92 76.71 124.30 <
Locatio
n Bottom of
-42.71 -3.923 -7.18 -60.69 -114.50 <
Girder

284 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
a) Load combination

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Shrinkage 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75
Wind load-
Unloaded
1 1
Wind load-
Loaded
0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp (+ve)
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Shrinkage 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Live load 1 0.75 0.75 1 1 0.75 0.75
Wind load-
Unloaded
Wind load-
Loaded
Temp (+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1

(Mpa) e (+) Mpa
(Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of
0.14 0.00 -0.40 -0.29 0.38 2.27 0.42 0.22 0.57
Slab
Top of
60.93 16.03 -4.31 30.92 4.05 10.44 1.94 1.00 -22.25
Girder
Bottom
of -48.98 -12.28 9.75 -7.18 -9.18 -42.71 -7.94 -4.10 40.68
Girder


Top of
0.308 0.7 0.654 2.71 2.634 2.23 2.153 2.9213 2.845
Slab
Top of
96.714 98.7 97.844 107.75 106.940 105.54 104.731 93.7988 92.988
Girder
Bottom
of -67.173 -75.1 -73.279 -112.34 -110.505 -103.30 -101.465 -85.4757 -83.640
Girder
Permissible
(Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of
2.6 2.505 2.34 2.263 1.61 1.535 2.9213 0.308 13.333
Slab
Top of
82.3 81.479 113.39 112.582 114.95 114.135 114.9453 81.479 219.092
Girder
Bottom
of -58.5 -56.692 -113.81 -111.970 -105.74 -103.908 -56.6915 -113.806 -241.800
Girder
285 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= *10^3/(*)
girder)
OK
Comb 1 1 1 0.6

116 1.Dead Load 0.000 -13.000 0.000 13.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
2.Dead Load 0.000 -35.123 0.000 35.123 0.000 0.000 0.000
3. Construction 0.000 -12.854 0.000 12.854 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 1. Dead Load 0.000 -2.085 0.000 2.085 0.000 0.000 0.000
2.SIDL 0.000 -5.243 0.000 5.243 0.000 0.000 0.000
3.CONS LL 0.000 5.608 0.000 5.608 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 3.FOOTPATH LIVE 0.000 0.640 0.000 0.640 0.000 0.000 0.000
5.WIND LOAD LOADED 0.000 -2.336 0.000 2.336 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 Live Load 0.000 -19.252 0.000 19.252 -0.002 0.000 0.000
LOADED))
= -(++++++++0.6*)
= 82.71 mm > L / 600 = 48.30/600*1000
= 80.50 mm
CAMBER REQUIRED
= 60.375 mm
HENCE OK
6.6 Fatigue Check
= 69.6 Mpa
For tf = 28 mm
ɥc = (25/)^0.25
= 0.940
= *
= 65.40 Mpa
286 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= /*(--)
= 41.16 Mpa
287 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= (/1000)*()+(/1000)*()
= 0.0013 m2
= -(+)/2
= 2.224 m
AY = With Hole = *
= 0.002917 m3
I= 0.03120 m4
b= 0.016 m
= *10^3*/(*)/10^6
= 0.92440 Mpa
of stiffener
= /2+((/2)^2+^2)^0.5
= 41.18 Mpa
= 27/
= 23.48 Mpa
= 365**
= 3650000 < 5000000
f= fn * (5 x 10^6 / Nsc)^(1 / 3)
= *(5*10^6/)^(1/3)
f > 27 / ϒmft
= 23.48 Mpa
= 1467391
288 of 493
289 of 493
290 of 493
291 of 493
Err:508
292 of 493
splice location
(*(+*)*(/)))
293 of 493
(/)^2))))),(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))))
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
219.09
-241.80
Hence ok
294 of 493
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
219.09
-241.80
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
219.09
-241.80
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
219.1
-241.8
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
219.1
-241.8
Hence ok
295 of 493
5 (a)
1
1.2
1
1
0.6
Stress
Temeperature
(-) Mpa
-0.40
10.40
-6.54
Check
OK
OK
OK
296 of 493
girder)
297 of 493
of stiffener
298 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

7.0 Calculation of Flexural Stress at Support of Outer Girder (G1) = 50.000 m
248 1. DEAD LOAD 108 0 29 0 0 0 -960
116 0 -1 0 0 0 1025
2. SIDL 108 0 86 0 0 0 -2692
116 0 0 0 0 0 2872
3.CONSTRUCTION 108 0 32 0 0 0 -985
116 0 0 0 7 0 1051
459 1. DEAD LOAD 210 0 -7 0 7 0 -370
216 0 18 0 1 0 353
2. SIDL 210 0 11 0 1 0 -978
216 0 -3 0 0 0 988
210 0 -11
216 0 0 0 0 0 -1050
459 4.FOOTPATH 210 0 -3 0 0 0 148
216 0 3 0 0 0 -152
5.WIND LOAD (UNLOAD) 210 0 -9 0 0 0 890
216 0 0 0 0 0 -896
6. WIND LOAD (LOADED) 210 0 5 0 0 0 -459
216 0 0 0 1 0 462
459 7. Live Load
MAX ( +VE) 0 186 0 0 0 -4670
0 0
MAX ( -VE) 0 -158 0 0 0


= (0.036+2.750+0.032)*1000
= 2818 mm
= (0.028*0.450^3/12+2.000*0.016^3/12+0.032*0.700^3/12)*10^12
= 1.13E+09 mm4
= (/)^0.5
= 107.5 mm

= /(0.850/2*1000)
= 2654057 mm3
299 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= /((-1.2249*1000))
= 76115282 mm3
300 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= (250/)^0.5
= 0.801
= (250/)^0.5
= 0.781



= +(-)/2/
= 9.54 > 8.4ԑ = 8.4* = 6.73
> 9.4ԑ = 9.4* = 7.53
= +/
= *
= 1574 mm


λLT
KLY = KL = 4200 mm
KLY / ry = /1.5E+02
= 27.42
KLZ / rz = /1.1E+03
= 3.77
301 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
302 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
pi() = 3.14
λy =
= ((*^2)/(^2*))^0.5
= 0.39
λz =
= ((*^2)/(^2*))^0.5
= 0.05
αLT = 0.49
= (0.036/2+2.750+0.032/2)*1000
= 2784 m
Mcr = ((^2***)/(2*^2)*(1+1/20*(()/(/))^2)^0.5)
= 1.759E+11 N-mm
In Y direction,
= (*/)^0.5
= 0.14
ɸLT = 0.5 * (1 + αLT * (λLT - 0.2) + λLT^2)
= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.50
= 1 if 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5) > 1
= IF(1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)<1,1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5),1)
= 1.0
= */
= 355 N/mm2
Md = Zey * fbd / 10^6
= */10^6
= 941 kNm
In Z direction,
= (*/)^0.5
= 0.468
ɸLT = 0.5 * (1 + αLT * (λLT - 0.2) + λLT^2)
= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.68
XLT = 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5)
= 1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)
= 0.9
= 305 N/mm2
Md = Zey * fbd / 10^6
= */10^6
= 23226 kNm


Zpz = 103172691 mm3
Zpy = 161505758.033505 mm3
XLT = 1.0
fy = 390 N/mm2
ϒm0 = 1.1
303 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
fbd = 355 N/mm2
304 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= **/10^6
= 941 kNm
Mdz = Zez * fy / ϒm0 / 10^6
= *//10^6
= 44587 kNm


Zpz = 166441399 mm3
Zpy = 21754509 mm3
XLT = 1.0
fy = 390 N/mm2
fbd = 355 N/mm2
ϒm0 = 1.1
= */10^6
= 941 kNm
Mdz = Zez * fy / ϒm0 / 10^6
= *//10^6
= 47147 kNm
Type of
Loading
Erection Stage
DL + Cons LL 4948 1.35 6680 < 23226 87.763
Moment

Long Term
SIDL 988 1.75 1729 < 44587 13.749
Moment
Cons LL -1050 1.35 -1418 < -11.272
Short Term
Wind Load 462 0.9 416 < 47147 3.127
Moment
Total 151.692
Type of
Loading
Erection Stage
DL +Cons LL 0 1.35 0 < 23226 0.000
Moment
Long Term SIDL 0 1.75 0 < 0.000

941
Moment CONS LL 0 1.35 0 < 0.000
941
Total 0.000


= /+(++)/+(++)/+/+(+)/+(+)/
= 0.47 < 1 OK
Vn = Vcr = Avτv
305 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Fyw = 410 N/mm2

306 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

Cons LL 0 1.35 0
Live Load + Snow
Load
Wind Load 0 0.9 0
Total 172 258
= 1574 mm
= 16 mm
d/tw = /
= 98.4 > 67ԑ = 67* (Here ε = ε1)
Av = Area of Web
= Kv*pi^2*E/(12*(1-ɥ^2)*(d/tw)^2)
ɥ= Poision Ratio
= 0.3
E= Young's Modulus
= 200000 Mpa
= 4+5.35/(c/d)^2 for c/d<1
= 5.35+4/(c/d)^2 for c/d>1
c= 1800 mm
= /
= 0.64
Kv = IF(<1,4+5.35/^2,5.35+4/^2)
τcr = *3.14^2*/(12*(1-0.3^2)*(/)^2)
= 319 Mpa
= 0.86 > 0.8 and < 1.2
If λw < 0.8,
= /(SQRT(3))
= 236.714 Mpa
If 0.8 < λw < 1.2,
τv = (1-0.8*(λw -0.8))*fyw/sqrt(3)
= (1-0.8*(-0.8))*/(SQRT(3))
= 225.138 Mpa
If λw > 1.2,
= /SQRT(3)/(^2)
= 319.218 Mpa
Vcr = Av τv
= **/1000
= 5671 kN
307 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

Vn = Vtf
ꚍv = 225.138 Mpa

Nf = Mu / d
= *10^6/(-/2-/2)
= 2396012.73314204 N
Mtf = 0.25**^2**((1)-(/(***))^2)
= 36512248.8803687 N-mm
ɸ= tan-1(d/c)
c= 1800 mm
ɸ= ATAN(/)*180/PI()
= 41.172 Degree
Sc = St
= 2 / Sin(ɸ) * (Mfr / (fytw))^0.5 < c
Mfr = 36512248.88 N-mm
Sc = (2/SIN(*PI()/180))*(/(*))^0.5
= 226.7 mm
= *COS(*PI()/180)-(--)*SIN(*PI()/180)
= 298.4 mm
fv = {fyw2 - 3ꚍv2 + ψ2)^0.5 - ψ

= (^2-3*^2+^2)^(0.5)-
= 0.1 MPa
ψ= 1.5ꚍvsin(2ɸ)
= 1.5**SIN(2**PI()/180)
= 334.70 Mpa
308 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
The Shear Resitance

Vtf = (**+0.9****SIN(*PI()/180))/1000
309 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= (*+*)/10^6
= 0.0426 m2
splice location
= 0.0097440+0.0175040
= 0.0272 m2
=/
= 0.64
= (/1000)*(/1000)^3/12
= 3.88E-04 m4
= +(/1000)*(/1000)^3/12
= 2.03E-03 m4
= /
= 0.192
= (/)^0.5
= 0.1075 m
=/
= 39.05 <300
= 26.5*10^5/^2
= 1737.6 N/mm2
= *(1+1/20*(*/)^2)^0.5
= 1744.1 N/mm2
=-
= 1.593 m
= /
= 1.750
= /(/1000)
= 171.875
fcb =
IF(<2,IF(<85,(1.2**(+(*))*(/)),(*(+*)*(/))),(*(+*)*(/)))
= 850 N/mm2
= 0.66**/((()^1.4+()^1.4)^(1/1.4))
= 209.3 N/mm2
σb = 0.62fy
310 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 0.62*
= 241.8 N/mm2
311 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= MIN(,)
= 209.3 N/mm2
= MAX(,)
= 241.8 N/mm2

= 0.35*
= 136.5 N/mm2
= 0.35fy[1.3 - fy1/2d/t/4000{1+1/2(d/c)2} if c>d
=
IF(<,(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))),(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))))
= 115.0 N/mm2
= MIN(,)
= 115.0 N/mm2
= 0.43*
= 167.7 N/mm2 Err:508
= M40/3
= 13.33 N/mm2
= 0.87*
= 339.3 N/mm2
At Support
Composite Composite
for SIDL for LL
A m2 0.098 0.152 0.206

Iz m4 0.121 0.235 0.289
Yb m 1.225 1.871 2.176
Zb = Iz / Yb m3 0.099 0.126 0.133
Yts m 1.297 0.992
Zts m3 0.181 0.292
Ytg m 1.593 0.947 0.642
Ztg m3 0.076 0.248 0.451
Top of Slab
At Top of Girder 13.46 13.81 37.74 65.01 <

Support 1024.56 1051.17 2872.48
Bottom of
-10.35 -10.62 -29.02 -49.99 <
Girder
312 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

313 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

(Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of Slab -0.39 0.36 0.14 0.11
At Top of Girder -4.23 3.98 1.49 65.01 66.25

-1050.00 988.00 370.19
Support
Bottom of
8.35 -7.86 -2.94 -49.99 -52.44
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.20 0.13 -0.29 0.11 2.15
At Top of Girder 10.69 0.62 30.92 66.25 108.48

4818.49 277.20
Support
Bottom of
-36.24 -2.08 -7.18 -52.44 -97.94
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.20 0.342 -0.29 0.11 2.37 <
At Top of Girder 10.69 -13.35 30.92 66.25 94.51 <

Support
Bottom of
-36.24 24.41 -7.18 -52.44 -71.45 <
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.20 -0.240 -0.29 0.11 1.79 <
At Top of Girder 10.69 6.24 30.92 66.25 114.10 <

Support
Bottom of
-36.24 -3.923 -7.18 -52.44 -99.78 <
Girder

314 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
a) Load combination

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Shrinkage 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75
Wind load-
Unloaded
1 1
Wind load-
Loaded
0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp (+ve)
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Shrinkage 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Live load 1 0.75 0.75 1 1 0.75 0.75
Wind load-
Unloaded
Wind load-
Loaded
Temp (+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1

(Mpa) e (+) Mpa
(Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of
0.14 0.00 -0.39 -0.29 0.36 2.20 0.41 0.21 0.57
Slab
Top of
52.69 13.81 -4.23 30.92 3.98 10.69 1.99 1.03 -22.25
Girder
Bottom
of -42.31 -10.62 8.35 -7.18 -7.86 -36.24 -6.74 -3.47 40.68
Girder


Top of
0.282 0.7 0.619 2.61 2.539 2.15 2.073 2.8269 2.754
Slab
Top of
88.383 90.4 89.576 99.69 98.896 97.43 96.633 85.7258 84.930
Girder
Bottom
of -58.921 -65.7 -64.088 -97.24 -95.669 -89.57 -88.000 -70.7491 -69.178
Girder
Permissible
(Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of
2.5 2.431 2.24 2.172 1.53 1.461 2.8269 0.282 13.333
Slab
Top of
74.2 73.356 105.32 104.524 106.81 106.012 106.8080 73.356 209.284
Girder
Bottom
of -45.4 -43.847 -99.08 -97.508 -92.64 -91.064 -43.8475 -99.079 -241.800
Girder
315 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= *10^3/(*)
girder)
OK
Comb 1 1 1 0.6

116 1.Dead Load 0.000 -13.000 0.000 13.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
2.Dead Load 0.000 -35.123 0.000 35.123 0.000 0.000 0.000
3. Construction 0.000 -12.854 0.000 12.854 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 1. Dead Load 0.000 -2.085 0.000 2.085 0.000 0.000 0.000
2.SIDL 0.000 -5.243 0.000 5.243 0.000 0.000 0.000
3.CONS LL 0.000 5.608 0.000 5.608 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 3.FOOTPATH LIVE 0.000 0.640 0.000 0.640 0.000 0.000 0.000
5.WIND LOAD LOADED 0.000 -2.336 0.000 2.336 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 Live Load 0.000 -19.252 0.000 19.252 -0.002 0.000 0.000
LOADED))
= -(++++++++0.6*)
= 82.71 mm > L / 600 = 48.30/600*1000
= 80.50 mm
CAMBER REQUIRED
= 60.375 mm
HENCE OK
7.6 Fatigue Check
= 69.6 Mpa
For tf = 28 mm
ɥc = (25/)^0.25
= 0.940
= *
= 65.40 Mpa
316 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= /*(--)
= 34.87 Mpa
317 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= (/1000)*()+(/1000)*()
= 0.0013 m2
= -(+)/2
= 2.135 m
AY = With Hole = *
= 0.002801 m3
I= 0.03120 m4
b= 0.016 m
= *10^3*/(*)/10^6
= 0.88750 Mpa
of stiffener
= /2+((/2)^2+^2)^0.5
= 34.89 Mpa
= 27/
= 23.48 Mpa
= 365**
= 3650000 < 5000000
f= fn * (5 x 10^6 / Nsc)^(1 / 3)
= *(5*10^6/)^(1/3)
f > 27 / ϒmft
= 23.48 Mpa
= 1467391
318 of 493
319 of 493
320 of 493
321 of 493
Err:508
322 of 493
splice location
(*(+*)*(/)))
323 of 493
(/)^2))))),(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))))
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
209.28
-241.80
Hence ok
324 of 493
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
209.28
-241.80
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
209.28
-241.80
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
209.3
-241.8
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
209.3
-241.8
Hence ok
325 of 493
5 (a)
1
1.2
1
1
0.6
Stress
Temeperature
(-) Mpa
-0.40
10.40
-6.54
Check
OK
OK
OK
326 of 493
girder)
327 of 493
of stiffener
328 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

8.0 Calculation of Flexural Stress at Support of Inner Girder (G2) = 50.000 m
248 1. DEAD LOAD 108 0 29 0 0 0 -960
116 0 -1 0 0 0 1025
2. SIDL 108 0 86 0 0 0 -2692
116 0 0 0 0 0 2872
3.CONSTRUCTION 108 0 32 0 0 0 -985
116 0 0 0 7 0 1051
459 1. DEAD LOAD 210 0 -7 0 7 0 -370
216 0 18 0 1 0 353
2. SIDL 210 0 11 0 1 0 -978
216 0 -3 0 0 0 988
210 0 -11
216 0 0 0 0 0 -1050
459 4.FOOTPATH 210 0 -3 0 0 0 148
216 0 3 0 0 0 -152
5.WIND LOAD (UNLOAD) 210 0 -9 0 0 0 890
216 0 0 0 0 0 -896
6. WIND LOAD (LOADED) 210 0 5 0 0 0 -459
216 0 0 0 1 0 462
459 7. Live Load
MAX ( +VE) 0 186 0 0 0 -4670
0 0
MAX ( -VE) 0 -158 0 0 0


= (0.036+2.750+0.032)*1000
= 2818 mm
= (0.028*0.450^3/12+2.000*0.016^3/12+0.032*0.700^3/12)*10^12
= 1.13E+09 mm4
= (/)^0.5
= 107.5 mm

= /(0.850/2*1000)
= 2654057 mm3
329 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= /((-1.2249*1000))
= 76115282 mm3
330 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= (250/)^0.5
= 0.801
= (250/)^0.5
= 0.781



= +(-)/2/
= 9.54 > 8.4ԑ = 8.4* = 6.73
> 9.4ԑ = 9.4* = 7.53
= +/
= *
= 1574 mm


λLT
KLY = KL = 4200 mm
KLY / ry = /1.5E+02
= 27.42
KLZ / rz = /1.1E+03
= 3.77
331 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
332 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
pi() = 3.14
λy =
= ((*^2)/(^2*))^0.5
= 0.39
λz =
= ((*^2)/(^2*))^0.5
= 0.05
αLT = 0.49
= (0.036/2+2.750+0.032/2)*1000
= 2784 m
Mcr = ((^2***)/(2*^2)*(1+1/20*(()/(/))^2)^0.5)
= 1.759E+11 N-mm
In Y direction,
= (*/)^0.5
= 0.14
ɸLT = 0.5 * (1 + αLT * (λLT - 0.2) + λLT^2)
= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.50
= 1 if 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5) > 1
= IF(1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)<1,1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5),1)
= 1.0
= */
= 355 N/mm2
Md = Zey * fbd / 10^6
= */10^6
= 941 kNm
In Z direction,
= (*/)^0.5
= 0.468
ɸLT = 0.5 * (1 + αLT * (λLT - 0.2) + λLT^2)
= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.68
XLT = 1/(ɸLT +(ɸLT ^2-λLT^2)^0.5)
= 1/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)
= 0.9
= 305 N/mm2
Md = Zey * fbd / 10^6
= */10^6
= 23226 kNm


Zpz = 103172691 mm3
Zpy = 161505758.033505 mm3
XLT = 1.0
fy = 390 N/mm2
ϒm0 = 1.1
333 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
fbd = 355 N/mm2
334 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= **/10^6
= 941 kNm
Mdz = Zez * fy / ϒm0 / 10^6
= *//10^6
= 44587 kNm


Zpz = 166441399 mm3
Zpy = 21754509 mm3
XLT = 1.0
fy = 390 N/mm2
fbd = 355 N/mm2
ϒm0 = 1.1
= */10^6
= 941 kNm
Mdz = Zez * fy / ϒm0 / 10^6
= *//10^6
= 47147 kNm
Type of
Loading
Erection Stage
DL + Cons LL 4948 1.35 6680 < 23226 87.763
Moment

Long Term
SIDL 988 1.75 1729 < 44587 13.749
Moment
Cons LL -1050 1.35 -1418 < -11.272
Short Term
Wind Load 462 0.9 416 < 47147 3.127
Moment
Total 151.692
Type of
Loading
Erection Stage
DL +Cons LL 0 1.35 0 < 23226 0.000
Moment
Long Term SIDL 0 1.75 0 < 0.000

941
Moment CONS LL 0 1.35 0 < 0.000
941
Total 0.000


= /+(++)/+(++)/+/+(+)/+(+)/
= 0.47 < 1 OK
Vn = Vcr = Avτv
335 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Fyw = 410 N/mm2

336 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

Cons LL 0 1.35 0
Live Load + Snow
Load
Wind Load 0 0.9 0
Total 172 258
= 1574 mm
= 16 mm
d/tw = /
= 98.4 > 67ԑ = 67* (Here ε = ε1)
Av = Area of Web
= Kv*pi^2*E/(12*(1-ɥ^2)*(d/tw)^2)
ɥ= Poision Ratio
= 0.3
E= Young's Modulus
= 200000 Mpa
= 4+5.35/(c/d)^2 for c/d<1
= 5.35+4/(c/d)^2 for c/d>1
c= 1800 mm
= /
= 0.64
Kv = IF(<1,4+5.35/^2,5.35+4/^2)
τcr = *3.14^2*/(12*(1-0.3^2)*(/)^2)
= 319 Mpa
= 0.86 > 0.8 and < 1.2
If λw < 0.8,
= /(SQRT(3))
= 236.714 Mpa
If 0.8 < λw < 1.2,
τv = (1-0.8*(λw -0.8))*fyw/sqrt(3)
= (1-0.8*(-0.8))*/(SQRT(3))
= 225.138 Mpa
If λw > 1.2,
= /SQRT(3)/(^2)
= 319.218 Mpa
Vcr = Av τv
= **/1000
= 5671 kN
337 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

Vn = Vtf
ꚍv = 225.138 Mpa

Nf = Mu / d
= *10^6/(-/2-/2)
= 2396012.73314204 N
Mtf = 0.25**^2**((1)-(/(***))^2)
= 36512248.8803687 N-mm
ɸ= tan-1(d/c)
c= 1800 mm
ɸ= ATAN(/)*180/PI()
= 41.172 Degree
Sc = St
= 2 / Sin(ɸ) * (Mfr / (fytw))^0.5 < c
Mfr = 36512248.88 N-mm
Sc = (2/SIN(*PI()/180))*(/(*))^0.5
= 226.7 mm
= *COS(*PI()/180)-(--)*SIN(*PI()/180)
= 298.4 mm
fv = {fyw2 - 3ꚍv2 + ψ2)^0.5 - ψ

= (^2-3*^2+^2)^(0.5)-
= 0.1 MPa
ψ= 1.5ꚍvsin(2ɸ)
= 1.5**SIN(2**PI()/180)
= 334.70 Mpa
338 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
The Shear Resitance

Vtf = (**+0.9****SIN(*PI()/180))/1000
339 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= (*+*)/10^6
= 0.0426 m2
splice location
= 0.0097440+0.0175040
= 0.0272 m2
=/
= 0.64
= (/1000)*(/1000)^3/12
= 3.88E-04 m4
= +(/1000)*(/1000)^3/12
= 2.03E-03 m4
= /
= 0.192
= (/)^0.5
= 0.1075 m
=/
= 39.05 <300
= 26.5*10^5/^2
= 1737.6 N/mm2
= *(1+1/20*(*/)^2)^0.5
= 1744.1 N/mm2
=-
= 1.593 m
= /
= 1.750
= /(/1000)
= 171.875
fcb =
IF(<2,IF(<85,(1.2**(+(*))*(/)),(*(+*)*(/))),(*(+*)*(/)))
= 850 N/mm2
= 0.66**/((()^1.4+()^1.4)^(1/1.4))
= 209.3 N/mm2
σb = 0.62fy
340 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 0.62*
= 241.8 N/mm2
341 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= MIN(,)
= 209.3 N/mm2
= MAX(,)
= 241.8 N/mm2

= 0.35*
= 136.5 N/mm2
= 0.35fy[1.3 - fy1/2d/t/4000{1+1/2(d/c)2} if c>d
=
IF(<,(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))),(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))))
= 115.0 N/mm2
= MIN(,)
= 115.0 N/mm2
= 0.43*
= 167.7 N/mm2 Err:508
= M40/3
= 13.33 N/mm2
= 0.87*
= 339.3 N/mm2
At Support
Composite Composite
for SIDL for LL
A m2 0.098 0.152 0.206

Iz m4 0.121 0.235 0.289
Yb m 1.225 1.871 2.176
Zb = Iz / Yb m3 0.099 0.126 0.133
Yts m 1.297 0.992
Zts m3 0.181 0.292
Ytg m 1.593 0.947 0.642
Ztg m3 0.076 0.248 0.451
Top of Slab
At Top of Girder 13.46 13.81 37.74 65.01 <

Support 1024.56 1051.17 2872.48
Bottom of
-10.35 -10.62 -29.02 -49.99 <
Girder
342 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

343 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

(Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of Slab -0.39 0.36 0.14 0.11
At Top of Girder -4.23 3.98 1.49 65.01 66.25

-1050.00 988.00 370.19
Support
Bottom of
8.35 -7.86 -2.94 -49.99 -52.44
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.20 0.13 -0.29 0.11 2.15
At Top of Girder 10.69 0.62 30.92 66.25 108.48

4818.49 277.20
Support
Bottom of
-36.24 -2.08 -7.18 -52.44 -97.94
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.20 0.342 -0.29 0.11 2.37 <
At Top of Girder 10.69 -13.35 30.92 66.25 94.51 <

Support
Bottom of
-36.24 24.41 -7.18 -52.44 -71.45 <
Girder
Stress for
(Mpa)
Top of Slab 2.20 -0.240 -0.29 0.11 1.79 <
At Top of Girder 10.69 6.24 30.92 66.25 114.10 <

Support
Bottom of
-36.24 -3.923 -7.18 -52.44 -99.78 <
Girder

344 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
a) Load combination

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Shrinkage 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75
Wind load-
Unloaded
1 1
Wind load-
Loaded
0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp (+ve)
Temp (-ve)

DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Shrinkage 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Live load 1 0.75 0.75 1 1 0.75 0.75
Wind load-
Unloaded
Wind load-
Loaded
Temp (+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1

(Mpa) e (+) Mpa
(Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of
0.14 0.00 -0.39 -0.29 0.36 2.20 0.41 0.21 0.57
Slab
Top of
52.69 13.81 -4.23 30.92 3.98 10.69 1.99 1.03 -22.25
Girder
Bottom
of -42.31 -10.62 8.35 -7.18 -7.86 -36.24 -6.74 -3.47 40.68
Girder


Top of
0.282 0.7 0.619 2.61 2.539 2.15 2.073 2.8269 2.754
Slab
Top of
88.383 90.4 89.576 99.69 98.896 97.43 96.633 85.7258 84.930
Girder
Bottom
of -58.921 -65.7 -64.088 -97.24 -95.669 -89.57 -88.000 -70.7491 -69.178
Girder
Permissible
(Mpa) (Mpa)
(Mpa)
Top of
2.5 2.431 2.24 2.172 1.53 1.461 2.8269 0.282 13.333
Slab
Top of
74.2 73.356 105.32 104.524 106.81 106.012 106.8080 73.356 209.284
Girder
Bottom
of -45.4 -43.847 -99.08 -97.508 -92.64 -91.064 -43.8475 -99.079 -241.800
Girder
345 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

= *10^3/(*)
girder)
OK
Comb 1 1 1 0.6

116 1.Dead Load 0.000 -13.000 0.000 13.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
2.Dead Load 0.000 -35.123 0.000 35.123 0.000 0.000 0.000
3. Construction 0.000 -12.854 0.000 12.854 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 1. Dead Load 0.000 -2.085 0.000 2.085 0.000 0.000 0.000
2.SIDL 0.000 -5.243 0.000 5.243 0.000 0.000 0.000
3.CONS LL 0.000 5.608 0.000 5.608 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 3.FOOTPATH LIVE 0.000 0.640 0.000 0.640 0.000 0.000 0.000
5.WIND LOAD LOADED 0.000 -2.336 0.000 2.336 0.000 0.000 0.000
116 Live Load 0.000 -19.252 0.000 19.252 -0.002 0.000 0.000
LOADED))
= -(++++++++0.6*)
= 82.71 mm > L / 600 = 48.30/600*1000
= 80.50 mm
CAMBER REQUIRED
= 60.375 mm
HENCE OK
8.6 Fatigue Check
= 69.6 Mpa
For tf = 28 mm
ɥc = (25/)^0.25
= 0.940
= *
= 65.40 Mpa
346 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= /*(--)
= 34.87 Mpa
347 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= (/1000)*()+(/1000)*()
= 0.0013 m2
= -(+)/2
= 2.135 m
AY = With Hole = *
= 0.002801 m3
I= 0.03120 m4
b= 0.016 m
= *10^3*/(*)/10^6
= 0.88750 Mpa
of stiffener
= /2+((/2)^2+^2)^0.5
= 34.89 Mpa
= 27/
= 23.48 Mpa
= 365**
= 3650000 < 5000000
f= fn * (5 x 10^6 / Nsc)^(1 / 3)
= *(5*10^6/)^(1/3)
f > 27 / ϒmft
= 23.48 Mpa
= 1467391
348 of 493
349 of 493
350 of 493
351 of 493
Err:508
352 of 493
splice location
(*(+*)*(/)))
353 of 493
(/)^2))))),(0.35**(1.3-((^0.5*(/))/(4000*(1+0.5*(/)^2))))))
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
209.28
-241.80
Hence ok
354 of 493
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
209.28
-241.80
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
209.28
-241.80
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
209.3
-241.8
Hence ok
Permissible
Stress (Mpa)
13.33
209.3
-241.8
Hence ok
355 of 493
5 (a)
1
1.2
1
1
0.6
Stress
Temeperature
(-) Mpa
-0.40
10.40
-6.54
Check
OK
OK
OK
356 of 493
girder)
357 of 493
of stiffener
358 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

9.0 Design of Deck Slab
Assume Width of Slab = 1.000 m

Maximum cantilever span of deck slab = 1.500 m
9.1 Design of Cantilever Slab beyond outer longitudinal girder
500 mm
Wearing course.
65
250 250 mm
18 1491 mm
1500 mm
Cross Section Showing Cantilever slab
i) Dead load Wt (kN) D (m) M (kN-m)

Slab Uniform 0.25x1.49x25 9.32 0.746 6.947
Slab Wt = Slab depth * Slab projection from girder face * 25 KN/m^2

Slab D = Slab projection from girder face
M = Wt * D
ii) SIDL Wt (kN) D (m) M (kN-m)

Wearing course 0.065x(1.49-0.5)x22 1.42 0.496 0.702
Crash barrier 7.50 1.256 9.421
Total 8.92 10.123
Wearing course weight = Wearing course thickness * (Slab projection from girder face - Crash barrier width) * 22 KN/m^2
Wearing course D = Slab projection from girder face - Crash barrier width
Crash barrier D = (Slab projection from girder face - 50) - Lever arm of crash barrier from outer face
M = Wt * D
iii) Live load Only Class-A shall be applicable in cantilever slab

Class-A Loading
171.00 kN 500 mm
150
65
250 250 mm
1130
591
L= 1491 mm
Cross Section Showing placing of Class-A Loading
Axle Load = 114 kN

Size of wheel:
W= 500 mm
B= 250 mm
Impact Factor = 50 %
Total live load of two axles on Cantilever slab = Axle Load * (1 + Impact Factor percentage / 100)
= 114 x (1 + 50 / 100)
359 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 171.0 kN
360 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
As per Annexure B-3 of IRC 112 : 2011

bef = 1.2 a + b1
a= The distance of the C.G. of loading from support = (L - Crash barrier width - Distance between crash
barrier face and wheel face - W / 2)
= /1000
= 0.591 m
b1 = The breadth of con. area of the wheel over slab = (W + 2 * Wearing course)
= (+2*)/1000
= 0.630 m
bef = 1.2*+
= 1.339 m > 1.200 m (Distance between axles) Overlaps.
Modified bef = bef + Distance between axles
= 1.34+1.2
= 2.539 m
Dispersed width along tranverse direction = W + (Wearing course + Slab depth) * 2
=500+(0.065+0.25)x2
= 1.130 m, Dispersion within cantilever slab
Shear = Total live load of two axles on Cantilever slab / 2 / Modified bef
= 171.0/2/2.54
= 33.67 kN/m width
Moment = Shear * a
= 33.67x0.59
= 19.90 kN-m/m width
iv) Summary of moment
DL SIDL Class A Total

Shear 9.32 8.92 33.67 51.91
Moment 6.95 10.12 19.90 36.97
9.2 Deck slab between girders
9.2.1 Dead Load + SIDL
Dead load = Slab depth * Concrete unit weight

= 0.25 * 25
= 6.25 kN/m
SIDL = for crash barrier = 7.5 kN/m
Wearing course load = Wearing course thickness * Wearing course unit weight
= 0.065*22
= 1.43 kN/m
7.5 7.5 7.0

1.43 kN/m
1.500 3 3 3 1.500
Dead load & SIDL position over Deck
361 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
9.2.2 Live Load
i) 70R- Track Loading Add snow load = 5.00 kN/m
4.57
0.84 0.84
2.9
2.06
2.06
1.5
1.50 3 3 3 1.50
70R- Track Loading position over Deck for maximum moment
Centre to centre distance between X-girders = b= Girder length / (Number of cross girders - 1)
= 50.00/(= 11-1)
= 5.000 m
Span = L= 3.000 m
Total Load = 700 kN
Dispersion of load along direction of movement
bef = a ai (1 - ai / L) + b1 i = 1, 2
b/L = /
= 1.67
a= 2.6 m
For first wheel
a1 = Distance of wheel centre from outer girder

= 1.5 m
Thickness of W/C = 65 mm
Thickness of Deck slab = 250 mm
b1 = Wheel width + Thickness of W/C * 2
= 4.57+0.065x2
= 4.70 m
bef 1 = **(1-/)+
= 6.650 m
For Second Wheel
a2 = a1 + Vehicle width - Girder spacing

= +-
= 0.56 m
bef 2 = **(1-/)+
= 5.884 m
362 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Dispersion of load along Span
Effective Width = Wheel thickness + (Thickness of W/C + Thickness of Deck slab) * 2

= 0.84+(0.065+0.25)x2
= 1.470 m
Intensity of Loading = Total Load / 2 * (1 + Impact Factor percentage / 100) / (bef 1 * Effective Width)
= 700/2x(1+0.25)/(6.65x1.47)
= 44.8 kN/m
Intensity of Loading = Total Load / 2 * (1 + Impact Factor percentage / 100) / (bef 2 * Effective Width)
= 700/2x(1+0.25)/(5.88x1.47)
= 50.6 kN/m
ii) 70R- Wheel Loading Add snow load = 2.50 kN/m
40T Bogie loading =10/((0.86-0.05)x5.273x10)
1.22
0.234
0.86 0.86
2.79
1.93
Position of 70R Wheel bogie load
1.93
1.5
1.50 3 3 3 1.50
70R- Wheel Loading position over Deck for maximum moment
Total Load = 400 kN

bef = a ai (1 - ai / L) + b1 i = 1, 2
a= 2.6 m =
For first wheel

= 1.5 m
= 0.234+0.065x2
= 0.364 m
bef 1 = **(1-/)+
= 2.314 m, > 1.220 m (Distance between axles) Overlaps.
Modified bef 1 = bef 1 + Distance between axles
= 2.314+1.22
= 3.534 m
363 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
For Second Wheel

= +-
= 0.43 m
bef 2 = **(1-/)+
= 1.322 m
= 1.322+1.22
= 2.542 m

= 0.860+(0.065+0.25)x2
= 1.490 m, < 1.930 m (Vehicle width) Not overlaps.
Intensity of Loading =
Total Load / 2 * (1 + Impact Factor percentage / 100) / (Modified bef 1 * Effective Width)
= 400/2x(1+0.25)/(3.534x1.490)
= 47.5 kN/m
Intensity of Loading =
Total Load / 2 * (1 + Impact Factor percentage / 100) / (Modified bef 2 * Effective Width)
= 400/2x(1+0.25)/(2.542x1.490)
= 66.0 kN/m
iii) Class-A Loading
2 Nos. 11.4 T Axle
1.2
0.250
0.5 0.50
2.3
1.8
Position of Class-A loading
1.5 1.8 1.7 1.8
1.50 3 3 3 1.50
70R- Track Loading position over Deck for maximum moment
Each Axle load = 114 kN

As per Annexure B-3 of IRC 112:2011
bef = a ai (1 - ai / L) + b1 i = 1, 2
a= 2.6 m
For Ist Wheel
364 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= /2
= 1.500 m
365 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 0.250+0.065x2
= 0.380 m
bef 1 = **(1-/)+
= 2.030 m, > 1.200 m (Distance between axles) Overlaps.
= +
= 3.230 m
For 2nd Wheel

= +-
= 0.30 m
bef 2 = **(1-/)+
= 1.082 m, < 1.200 m (Distance between axles) Not overlaps.
= +
= 2.282 m
For 3rd Wheel
a3 = a1 + Vehicle width + Transverse spacing between 2 vehicles - Girder spacing

= ++-
= 2.00 m
bef 3 = **(1-/)+
= 2.113 m
= +
= 3.313 m
For 4th Wheel
a4 =
a1 + Vehicle width + Transverse spacing between 2 vehicles + Vehicle width - Girder spacing - Girder spacing
= +++--
= 0.80 m
bef 4 = **(1-/)+
= 1.905 m
= +
= 3.105 m

= 0.5+(0.065+0.25)x2
= 1.130 m
Intensity of 1st Wheel =
Each Axle load / 2 * (1 + Impact Factor percentage / 100) / (Modified bef 1 * Effective Width)
= 114x(1+0.50)/(3.230x1.130)
= 46.9 kN/m
Intensity of 2nd Wheel =
= 114x(1+0.50)/(2.282x1.130)
366 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 66.3 kN/m
367 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Intensity of 3rd Wheel =

= 114x(1+0.50)/(3.313x1.130)
= 45.7 kN/m
Intensity of 4th Wheel =
= 114x(1+0.50)/(3.105x1.130)
= 48.7 kN/m
Staad Outputs
0 0 9.28 0 0 0 6.328
0.75 0 5.061 0 0 0 0.95
1 SELFWEIGHT 1.5 0 0.842 0 0 0 -1.264
2.25 0 -3.376 0 0 0 -0.313
3 0 -7.595 0 0 0 3.801
0 0 5.909 0 0 0 10.203
0.75 0 4.837 0 0 0 6.173
2 SIDL 1.5 0 3.764 0 0 0 2.947
2.25 0 2.692 0 0 0 0.526
3 0 1.619 0 0 0 -1.09
0 0 31.353 0 0 0 5.625
0.75 0 27.603 0 0 0 -16.483
3 70R TRACKED LIVE
1.5 0 -9.02 0 0 0 -24.109
LOAD
2.25 0 -45.643 0 0 0 -2.953
3 0 -57.253 0 0 0 33.275
0 0 29.162 0 0 0 2.813
0.75 0 27.287 0 0 0 -18.356
4 70R WHEELED LIVE
1.5 0 -9.94 0 0 0 -25.391
LOAD
2.25 0 -47.167 0 0 0 -3.445
3 0 -68.849 0 0 0 35.506
0 0 21.608 0 0 0 2.813
0.75 0 19.733 0 0 0 -12.69
5 CLASS A LIVE
1.5 0 -8.602 0 0 0 -19.643
LOAD
2.25 0 -36.937 0 0 0 0.212
3 0 -55.468 0 0 0 30.617
9.2.3 Summary of Moments from staad output
Member Node Location DL SIDL LL Total

2 2 Mid span 1.264 -2.947 25.391 23.708
Inner
2 3 3.801 -1.09 35.506 38.217
support
9.3 Design of Cantilever Slab over pier (at expansion joint)

Expansion joint
65
250 250 mm
16 992 mm
End cross Girder 1000 mm
Wearing course
Cross Section Showing Cantilever slab
368 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
i) Dead load + SIDL Wt (kN) D (m) M (kN-m)

Slab Uniform 0.25x0.992x25 6.20 0.496 3.075
Varying (0.25-0.25)x0.992/2x25 0.00 0.331 0.000
Wearing course 0.065x0.992x22 1.42 0.496 0.704
Total 7.62 3.779
Slab (uniform) Wt = Slab depth * Slab projection from end cross girder * 25 KN/m^2
Slab (varying) Wt = (Slab depth at end cross girder face - Slab depth at edge) * Slab projection from end cross girder * 25 KN/m^3
Wearing course Wt = Wearing course thickness * Slab projection from girder face * 22 KN/m^2
Slab (uniform) D = Slab projection from end cross girder face / 2
Slab (varying) D = Slab projection from end cross girder face / 3
Wearing course D = Slab projection from end cross girder face / 2
M = Wt * D
ii) 70R-Tracked Loading
94.97 kN
65
250 250
End cross Girder L= 992 mm
Wearing course
Cross Section Showing placing of 70R-Tracked Loading
Total load per track = 350 kN

Length of Track = 4.57 m
Total weight on Cantilever slab =
Total load per track / Length of Track * L * (1 + Impact Factor percentage / 100)
= 350x0.992x(1+25/100)/4.57
= 95.0 kN
Overall width of track = 0.84 m
As per Annexure B-3 of IRC 112:2011
bef = 1.2a+b1
a= The distance of the C.G. of loading from support
= L/2
= /2000
= 0.496 m
b1 = The breadth of con. area of the wheel over slab
= Overall width of track + 2 * Wearing course thickness
= +2*/1000
= 0.970 m
bef = 1.2*+
= 1.565 m, < 2.060 m (Vehicle width - Overall width of track) does not overlap
Shear = Total weight on Cantilever slab / bef
= 95.0/1.5652
= 60.67 kN/m width
Moment = Total weight on Cantilever slab * a / bef
= 95.0x0.496/1.5652
369 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
iii) 70R-Wheeled Loading - 20t axle load

250.00 kN
65
250 250
End cross Girder

L= 992 mm
Cross Section Showing placing of 70R-Wheeled Loading
Total Load = 200 kN

Total weight on Cantilever slab = Total Load * (1 + Impact Factor percentage / 100)
= 200x(1+25/100)
= 250.0 kN
Overall width of track = 0.86 m
Width of track along tranverse direction =
Total Load / 2 * 100 / (5.273 * (Overall width of track - 50 mm) / 10) / 100
= /2*100/(5.273*(*1000-50)/10)/100
= 0.234 m
bef = 1.2 a + b1
= L - Width of track along tranverse direction / 2
= /1000-/2
= 0.875 m
b1 = The breadth of con. area of the wheel over slab
= Overall width of track + 2 * Thickness of W/C
= +2*/1000
= 0.990 m
bef = 1.2*+
= 2.040 m, < 2.040 m (Vehicle width - Overall width of track)
does not overlap each other
Modified bef = 2.04 m
= 2.040 m
Shear = Total weight on Cantilever slab / 2 / Modified bef
= 250.0/2/2.04
= 61.28 kN/m width
Moment = Total weight on Cantilever slab / 2 * a / Modified bef
= 250.0/2x0.87/2.04
iv) Class-A Loading

171.00 kN
65
250 250
L= 992 mm
370 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Cross Section Showing placing of Class-A Loading
371 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Loads = 11.4 t axle = 114 kN

Size of wheel
W= 500 mm
B= 250 mm
Total weight on Cantilever slab = Loads * (1 + Impact Factor percentage / 100)
= 114x(1+50/100)
= 171.0 kN
bef = 1.2 a + b1
= L-B/2
= (-/2)/1000
= 0.867 m
b1 = The breadth of con.area of the wheel over slab
= W + 2 * Thickness of W/C
= (+2*)/1000
= 0.630 m
bef = 1.2*+
= 1.670 m, < 1.800 m (Vehicle width - W) does not overlap
Modified bef = 1.67 m
= 1.670 m
Shear = Total weight on Cantilever slab / 2 / Modified bef
= 171.0/2/1.67
= 51.19 kN/m width
Moment = Total weight on Cantilever slab / 2 * a / Modified bef
= 171.0/2x0.87/1.67
v) Summary of loading
70R- 70R-
DL SIDL Class A
Tracked Wheeled
Shear 6.20 1.42 60.67 61.28 51.19
Moment 3.08 0.70 30.09 53.61 44.38
9.4 Summary of Bending Moment of slab
Tranverse section of slab Cantilever

Location Inner slab at exp.
End support Span Joint
support
DL 6.95 1.26 3.80 3.08
Service
SIDL 10.12 -2.95 -1.09 0.70
condition
Live Load 19.90 25.39 35.51 53.61
9.4.1 Ultimate limit State
Load Combination -
1) Dead load +SIDL

Load Case DL SIDL LL

1(a) 1.35 1.75
Service
condition
372 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Service
condition
1(b) 1.35 1.75 1.5
1(c) 1 1 1.5
373 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Cant. slab at
Tranverse section of slab
exp. Joint
Inner
End support Span (kN- Moment (kN-
Load Case support (kN-
(kN-m) m) m)
m)
1(a) 27.09 -3.45 3.22 5.38
Service
1(b) 56.94 34.64 56.48 85.80
condition
1(c) 46.92 36.40 55.97 84.20
Maximum 56.94 36.40 56.48 85.80
9.4.2 Servicibility limit State for Rare Combination (SL1)
Load Combination -
1) Dead load +SIDL

Load Case DL SIDL LL

1(a) 1 1.2
Service
1(b) 1 1.2 1
condition
1(c) 1 1 1
Cant. slab at
exp. Joint
Inner
(kN-m) m) m)
m)
1(a) 19.09 -2.27 2.49 3.92
Service
1(b) 38.99 23.12 38.00 57.53
condition
1(c) 36.97 23.71 38.22 57.39
Maximum 38.99 23.71 38.22 57.53
9.4.3 Servicibility limit State for Quasi-permanent Combination (SL2)
Load Combination -
1) Dead load +SIDL
Load Case DL SIDL

Service
condition
1 1 1.2
Cant. slab at
exp. Joint
Inner
(kN-m) m) m)
m)
Service
condition
1 19.09 -2.27 2.49 3.92
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9.5 Check for ultimate strength of slab in Flexure :
Design of End support

0.00350 17.87
514 kN
35.98
250 NA NA
56 0.0154 579 kN
1000 Strain Diagram Stress Diagram
Grade of Concrete= M40

Grade of steel = Fe 500
Width of the section (b) = 1000 mm
Depth of the section = 250 mm
Clear Cover = 40 mm
Main dia of bar used = 12 mm
Dia of shear reinf. = 10 dia mm
Effective depth, d = Depth of the section - Clear Cover - Dia of shear reinf. - Main dia of bar used * 0.5
= ---*0.5
= 194 mm
R = Mu/bd2
= *10^6/(*^2)
= 1.513 MPa
Design Moment (Mu) = 56.94 kN-m
Mu,Lim/bd2 = 0.133 x fck
= 0.133*
= 5.32 MPa
Ast = (fck / (2 * fy) * (1 - SQRT(1 - (4.598 * R / fck)))) * b * d
= (/(2*)*(1-SQRT(1-(4.598*/))))**
= 707.0 mm2
Lower fractile tensile fctm = 2.12 MPa
Where, pt = fck / (2 * fy) * (1 - sqrt(1 - (4.598 * R / fck)) * 100
Min. reinforcement = 0.26 x fctm / fyk x bt x d but not less than 0.0013 bt d
= MAX(0.26*/**,0.0013**)
= 252.2 mm2
Hence provide 12 dia @ 170 c/c
12 dia @ 170 c/c
Ast = π / 4 * bar 1 dia^2 * b / spacing 1 + π / 4 * bar 2 dia^2 * b / spacing 2
= PI()/4*^2*/+PI()/4*^2*/
= 1330.6 mm2 > 707.0 mm2 (maximum of Astreqd and minimum Ast)
Hence O.K.
E of reinforcement= 2.00E+05 MPa
E of concrete = 33346 MPa
Max strain in concrete = 0.0035
Min strain in steel = 0.87 * fy / E of reinforcement + 0.002
= 0.87*/+0.002
= 0.0042
Balanced neutral axis depth = Max strain in concrete / (0.0055 + 0.87 * fy / E of reinforcement) * d
= /(0.0055+0.87*/)*
= 88.47 mm
Actual neutral axis depth = 35.98 mm
Strain in steel = Max strain in concrete / Actual neutral axis depth * (d - Actual neutral axis depth)
= /*(-)
= 0.0154
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Stress in steel = IF(<=/(1.15*),*,IF(<=/(1.15*)+0.002,IF(=415,8.6382*(*1000)^3-

84.795*(*1000)^2+284.75*(*1000)+29.406,7.9491*(*1000)^3-89.302*(*1000)^2+343.34*(*1000)-
20.406),/1.15))
= 434.8 MPa Section is under reinforced, Hence ok
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Total ultimate compressive force = 0.8 * b * Actual neutral axis depth * 0.67 * fck / 1.5
= 0.8***/1000
= 514 kN
Total ultimate tensile force = Ast * Stress in steel
= */1000
= 579 kN
= 0.416*
= 14.97 mm
Moment of resistance = Total ultimate tensile force * (d - Compressive force CG)
= *(-)/1000
= 104 kNm > 57 kNm (Mu) Hence O.K.
Tranverse section of slab Cant. slab

Description
End support Span Inner support Support
Moment (Mu) 56.94 36.40 56.48 85.80
Width (b) 1000 1000.00 1000.00 1000.00
Overall depth 250 250 250 250
Effective depth (d) 194 194 194 194
R = Mu/bd2 1.51 0.97 1.50 2.28
pt 0.00364 0.00229 0.00361 0.00564
Ast required for bending 707.0 444.1 701.0 1093.9
12 dia 12 dia 12 dia 10 dia
@ 170 c/c @ 170 c/c @ 170 c/c @ 140 c/c
Reinf provided
12 dia 12 dia 12 dia 10 dia
@ 170 c/c @ 170 c/c @ 170 c/c @ 140 c/c
Ast provided 1330.6 1330.6 1330.6 1122.0
Actual NA 36 36 36 30
Strain in steel 0.0154 0.0154 0.0154 0.0189
Stress in steel 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8
Total ultimate tensile force 579 579 579 488
Total ultimate compressive force 514 514 514 434
Difference of force 64 64 64 54
Compressive force CG 15.0 15.0 15.0 12.6
Moment of resistance 104 104 104 88
Factor of Safety 1.8 2.8 1.8 1.0
Effective depth = Overall depth - Clear Cover - Dia of shear reinf. - Main dia of bar used / 2
pt = (fck / (2 * fy) * (1 - √(1 - (4.598 * R / fck))))
Ast required for bending = pt * b * d
Ast pro = π / 4 * bar 1 dia^2 * b / spacing 1 + π / 4 * bar 2 dia^2 * b / spacing 2
Strain in steel = Max strain in concrete / Actual NA * (d - Actual NA)
Total ultimate tensile force = Ast provided * Stress in steel
Total ultimate compressive force = 0.8 * b * Actual neutral axis depth * 0.67 * fck / 1.5
Difference of force = Total ultimate tensile force - Total ultimate compressive force
Factor of Safety = Moment of resistance / Mu
9.6. Servicebility limit State Method
9.6.1. Flexure member
Grade of Concrete = M40

Grade of steel, fyk = Fe 500
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Bending Compression of concrete = fck * 0.48

= *0.48
= 19.20 Mpa
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fctm = Mean tensile strength of concrete = 2.12 Mpa

E of reinforcement= 200000 MPa
E of concrete = 33346 MPa
Modular ratio = Es / Ecm
= /
= 6.00
Tensile stress of steel = 240 Mpa
Width of Section = 1000 mm = bt
Depth of Section = 250 mm
Clear Cover = 40 mm
Effective depth, d = 194 mm
Minimum reinforcement = 0.26 x fctm / fyk x bt x d but not less than 0.0013 bt d
= MAX(0.26*/**,0.0013**)
= 252.20 mm2
Hence provide 12 dia @ 170 c/c
12 dia @ 170 c/c
Ast = π / 4 * bar 1 dia^2 * b / spacing 1 + π / 4 * bar 2 dia^2 * b / spacing 2
= PI()/4*^2*/+PI()/4*^2*/
= 1330.6 mm2
Design Moment = 38.99 kN-m
Balanced neutral axis depth = d * Bending Compression of concrete / (Bending Compression of concrete + Tensile stress of
steel / Modular ratio)
= */(+/)
= 62.90 mm
Actual neutral axis depth = 45.21 mm
Strain in steel = Stress in steel / E of reinforcement
= /
= 0.00086
Stress in steel =
Comp. stress of concrete / Actual neutral axis depth * Modular ratio * (d - Actual neutral axis depth)
= /**(-)
= 172.6 MPa
Comp. stress of concrete = 8.75 Mpa
Stress-strain diagram at Serviceability Limit State condition
0.00026 8.75
197.71
45.21
NA NA
0.00086 229.69
Section is under reinforced, Hence ok =
Total compressive force = 0.5 * b * Actual neutral axis depth * Comp. stress of concrete
= 0.5***/1000
= 197.71 kN
Total tensile force = Ast * Stress in steel
= */1000
= 229.69 kN
Compressive force CG = 1 / 3 * Actual neutral axis depth
= 1/3*
= 15.07 mm
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Moment of resistance = Total tensile force * (d - Compressive force CG)

= *(-)/1000
= 41.10 kNm
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Rare Combination (SL1) Quasi-permanent Combination (SL2)

Tranverse section of slab Cant. slab Tranverse section of slab
Description Inner Inner
End support Span Support End support Span
support support
h or D (mm) 250 250 250 250 250 250 250
b (mm) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
d (mm) 194 194 194 194 194 194 194
Moment (KN-m) 38.99 23.71 38.22 57.53 19.09 -2.27 2.49
Reinf provided (mm) 12 dia 12 dia 12 dia 10 dia 12 dia 12 dia 12 dia
@ 170 c/c @ 170 c/c @ 170 c/c @ 140 c/c @ 170 c/c @ 170 c/c @ 170 c/c
12 dia 12 dia 12 dia 10 dia 12 dia 12 dia 12 dia
@ 170 c/c @ 170 c/c @ 170 c/c @ 140 c/c @ 170 c/c @ 170 c/c @ 170 c/c
Ast provided (mm2) 1330.6 1330.6 1330.6 1122.0 1330.6 1330.6 1330.6
Stress in concrete (Mpa) 8.7 6.5 10.4 4.5 4.3 -0.6 0.7
Actual NA (mm) 45.21 45.21 45.21 61.63 45.21 45.21 45.21
Stress in steel (Mpa) 172.6 127.8 206.1 58.0 85.1 -12.3 13.4
Total ultimate tensile
230 170 274 65 113 -16 18
force (KN)
Total ultimate
198 146 236 139 97 -14 15
compressive force (KN)
Difference of force (KN) 32 24 38 -74 16 -2 2
Compressive force CG
15.1 15.1 15.1 20.5 15.1 15.1 15.1
(mm)
Moment of resistance
41 30 49 11 20 -3 3
(KN-m)
Diff. of moment (KN-m) -2.1 -6.7 -10.8 46.2 -1.2 0.6 -0.7
Ast provided = π / 4 * bar 1 dia^2 * b / spacing 1 + π / 4 * bar 2 dia^2 * b / spacing 2

Stress in steel =
Comp. stress of concrete / Actual neutral axis depth * Modular ratio * (d - Actual neutral axis depth)
Total ultimate tensile force = Ast provided * Stress in steel
Total ultimate compressive force = 0.5 * Stress in concrete * Actual NA * b
Difference of force = Total ultimate tensile force - Total ultimate compressive force
Compressive force CG = 1 / 3 * Actual neutral axis depth
Diff. of moment = Moment - Moment of resistance
9.6.2. Check for crack width Check crack width as per IRC : 112 - 2011
Crack width, Wk = Sr,max * (esm - ecm)

Where, esm - ecm = (ssc - kt * fct,eff / rp,eff * (1 + ae * rp,eff)) / Es >= 0.6 ssc / Es
ssc = Stress in steel
= 172.63 Mpa
ae = Es / Ecm
= 5.998
kt = 0.5
hc,eff = min of [2.5 (h - d), (h - x / 3), h / 2]
= MIN(2.5*(-),(-/3),/2)
= 125.0 mm
Ac,eff = b * hc,eff
rp,eff = As / Ac,eff
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= Ast / (b * hc,eff)
= /(*)
= 0.011
fct,eff = 2.12 Mpa
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esm - ecm = MAX((-*/*(1+*))/,0.6*/)

= 0.00051788 >= 0.6 ssc / Es = 0.00051788
Sr,max = 3.4 c + 0.425 * k1 * k2 * f / rp,eff
Where,
c= 40 mm
k1 = 0.8
k2 = 0.5
feq = (n1 *f1^2 + n2 * f2^2) / ((n1 * f1 + n2 * f2)
= (/*^2+/*^2)/(/*+/*)
= 12.0 mm
Sr,max = 3.4*+0.425***/
= 327.6 mm
Crack width, Wk = (esm - ecm) * Sr,max
= *
= 0.170 mm, < 0.3 mm OK
Tranverse section of slab Cant. slab

Description Inner
End support Span Support
support
Stress in steel, ssc (Mpa)

172.6 127.8 206.1 58.0
As (mm2) 1330.6 1330.6 1330.6 1122.0
Actual NA (mm) 45 45 45 62
hc,eff (mm) 125.0 125.0 125.0 125.0
rp,eff 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.009
esm-ecm 0.00052 0.00038 0.00062 0.00017
feq (mm) 12.0 12.0 12.0 10.0
Crack spacing Sr,max 327.6 327.6 327.6 325.4
Crack width, Wk 0.170 0.126 0.203 0.057
Check <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.
hc,eff = min of [2.5 (h - d), (h - x / 3), h / 2]

rp,eff = As / Ac,eff = Ast / (b * hc,eff)
esm - ecm = (ssc - kt * fct,eff / rp,eff * (1 + ae * rp,eff)) / Es >= 0.6 ssc / Es
feq = (n1 *f1^2 + n2 * f2^2) / ((n1 * f1 + n2 * f2)
Crack spacing Sr,max = 3.4 c + 0.425 * k1 * k2 * feq / rp,eff
Crack width, Wk = (esm - ecm) * Sr,max
9.6.3. Tranverse reinforcement
Minimum main reinforcement= 0.26 x fctm / fyk x bt x d but not less than 0.0013 bt d
= MAX(0.26*/**,0.0013**)
= 252.20 mm2
Main reinforcement provided = 1330.6 mm2
As per clause 16.6.1.1 (3) of IRC - 112 : 2011, minimum tranverse reinforcement is 20% of main reinforcement.
Minimum tranverse reinforcement = Main reinforcement provided * 20 / 100
= *20/100
= 266.1 mm2
As per clause 16.5.4 (4) of IRC - 112 : 2011, the area of surface reinforcement is 0.01 Act ext.
Where Act ext is the area of cover.
Area of surface reinforcement= 0.01 * Clear Cover * b
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= 0.01**
= 400.0 mm2
Stress at top of deck slab near support section exceeds the permissible tensile stress i.e. 1.53 Mpa.
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Maximum tensile stress = 0.62fy

= 241.80 MPa
Maximum tensile force = Maximum tensile stress / Effective deck width
= ABS()/3.000
= 80.60 kN/m width
Permissible working stress = 240.00 Mpa = Tensile stress of steel
Area of reinforcement required = Maximum tensile force * b / Permissible working stress
= ABS()*/
= 335.83 mm2
Hence Provide 10 dia 140 c/c at top & bottom
10 dia 140 c/c at top of supports
Ast provided = π / 4 * bar 1 dia^2 * b / spacing 1 + π / 4 * bar 2 dia^2 * b / spacing 2
= PI()/4*^2*/+PI()/4*^2*/
= 1122.00 mm2 Hence O.K.
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ckness * (Slab projection from girder face - Crash barrier width) * 22 KN/m^2
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(L - Crash barrier width - Distance between crash
barrier face and wheel face - W / 2)
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Girder length / (Number of cross girders - 1)
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l Load / 2 * (1 + Impact Factor percentage / 100) / (Modified bef 1 * Effective Width)
l Load / 2 * (1 + Impact Factor percentage / 100) / (Modified bef 2 * Effective Width)
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e spacing between 2 vehicles + Vehicle width - Girder spacing - Girder spacing
Axle load / 2 * (1 + Impact Factor percentage / 100) / (Modified bef 1 * Effective Width)
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girder face - Slab depth at edge) * Slab projection from end cross girder * 25 KN/m^3
Total load per track / Length of Track * L * (1 + Impact Factor percentage / 100)
does not overlap
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Total Load / 2 * 100 / (5.273 * (Overall width of track - 50 mm) / 10) / 100
does not overlap each other
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NA
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(<=/(1.15*)+0.002,IF(=415,8.6382*(*1000)^3-
+284.75*(*1000)+29.406,7.9491*(*1000)^3-89.302*(*1000)^2+343.34*(*1000)-
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Hence O.K.
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Bending Compression of concrete / (Bending Compression of concrete + Tensile stress of
/ Modular ratio)
ncrete / Actual neutral axis depth * Modular ratio * (d - Actual neutral axis depth)
NA
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Quasi-permanent Combination (SL2)
Cant. slab
Support
250
1000
194
3.92
10 dia
@ 140 c/c
10 dia
@ 140 c/c
1122.0
0.3
61.63
3.6
4
-5
20.5
3.2
ncrete / Actual neutral axis depth * Modular ratio * (d - Actual neutral axis depth)
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11, minimum tranverse reinforcement is 20% of main reinforcement.
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10.0 Load data for POT-PTFE Bearing
LG1
LG2
LG3
LG4
10.1. Normal Condition
a) Girder1 Maximum Load Minimum Load

a) Reaction due to Self wt of precast girder = 500.00 kN 500.00 kN
b) Reaction due to Self wt of Deck slab = 500.00 kN 500.00 kN
c) Reaction due to SIDL = 184.32 kN 184.32 kN
d) Reaction due to Footpath Live Load = 0.00 kN -10.90 kN
e) Wind load loaded structure = 46.89 kN 46.89 kN
f) Reaction due to live load = 525.21 kN 0.00 kN
Total = 1756.42 kN 1220.31 kN
b) Girder 2 Maximum Load Minimum Load

d) Reaction due to Footpath Live Load = 8.79 kN 8.79 kN
Total = 1500.06 kN 698.54 kN
c) Girder 3 Maximum Load Minimum Load

Total = 1930.59 kN 1179.58 kN
d) Girder 4 Maximum Load Minimum Load

Total = 1698.99 kN 1370.27 kN
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Calculation of Longitudinal and Transverse Force
(a)1-lane Class 70R wheeled Loading
1000 kN = W
0.50 9.00 0.50 1.5 0.50
1.2 2.79
0.86 0.86
12.00
Section showing location of 70R wheeled loading
1000 kN
5.124
13.4
B A
1.000 30.00 1.000
CG of all loads = 5.124 m from extreme right 170 kN load.
left free right fixed 70R Wheel
RA (fixed bearing) = (30 - (5.124 - 1)) / 30 * 1000

= 862.5 kN
RB (free bearing) = Total load - RA (fixed bearing)
= -
= 137.5 kN
Transverse eccentricity = 12 / 2 -0.5 - 1.2 - 2.79 / 2 =
= 2.905 m
Horizontal Force, Fh = Total load * 0.2
= 1000 * 0.2
= 200 kN
Velocity, V = 60 kmph
Radius, R = 1E+15 m
Braking & centrifugal force act at 1.2m above deck level
Height of structure above bearing = Overall depth of girder + Thickness of wearing coat + 1.2
= = 3.100+0.065+1.2
= 4.37 m
Centrifugal Force = WV2/127R
= ^2/127/
= 0.000 W
Total Transverse Force
Centrifugal Force = *
= 0.00 kN
Dead load + SIDL reaction (Rg) at RA or RB = (Reaction due to Self wt of precast girder + Reaction due to Self wt of Deck slab +
Reaction due to SIDL) for girder 1 + 2 + 3 + 4
= 4192.68 kN
Value of " m " = 0.05 (Bearing coefficients)
Horizontal force at free bearing of longer span (RB) = m x RB
= m x RB for Dead load + SIDL reaction + Live load
= *(+)
= 216.51 kN
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Horizontal force at fixed bearing of longer span (RA) = Fh - m x RB

= -
= -16.51 kN
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Horizontal force at fixed bearing of longer span (RA) = Fh / 2 + m x RB

= /2+
= 316.51 kN
Total Longitudinal horizontal force = Maximum of Horizontal force at free bearing of longer span and Horizontal force at fixed bearing of
longer span
= MAX(,,)
= 316.51 kN
Sum(r^2) in Transverse direction =
4 * (Spacing of longitudinal girder * 1.5)^2 + 4 * (Spacing of longitudinal girder * 0.5)^2
= 4*(*1.5)^2+4*(*0.5)^2
= 90.00 kN
Number of longitudinal girders = 4 Nos.
Horizontal force in pin bearing
Longitudinal force = 316.51 kN = Total Longitudinal horizontal force

Transverse force = Centrifugal Force / 2
= 0.00 kN
Reaction due to horizontal load
Longitudinal force =
Fh * Height of structure above bearing / (Length of girder * Number of longitudinal girders)
= */(*)
= 7.28 kN
Outer girder Transverse force = Centrifugal Force * Height of structure above bearing / Sum(r^2) in Transverse direction *
Spacing of longitudinal girder * 1.5
= */**1.5
= 0.00 kN
Inner girder Transverse force = Centrifugal Force * Height of structure above bearing / Sum(r^2) in Transverse direction *
= */**0.5
= 0.00 kN
Load Combination As per Clause 706 of IRC:78-2014
1) Dead load +SIDL+Live load incl. braking & centrifugal force

2) Dead load +SIDL+Wind load - unloaded strructure
3) Dead load +SIDL+Live load incl. braking & centrifugal force + wind load - loaded structure
4) Dead load +SIDL+ Live load incl. braking & centrifugal force + Longitudinal seismic
5) Dead load +SIDL+Live load incl. braking & centrifugal force + Transverse seismic
Load on each bearing
Vertical load Horizontal force Rotation

Max Min Long. Trans. DL+SIDL Live load
DL 550.00 550.00 0.000000
SIDL 92.88 92.88 0.000345
Wind load 8.79 8.79 0.000024
Footpath LL 46.88 46.88 0.000112
Girder2 Live load 801.53 0.00 0.001012
Braking 7.28 -7.28 54.13
Centrifugal
0.00 0.00
force
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Total 1507.34 691.26 54.13 0.00 0.000369 0.001124
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DL = Self wt of precast girder + Self wt of Deck slab

Horizontal force due to Braking =
Horizontal force at free bearing of longer span / Number of longitudinal girders

DL 1000.00 1000.00 0.000000
SIDL 240.53 240.53 0.000456
Wind load 82.85 82.85 0.000130
Footpath LL 46.89 46.89 0.000112
Girder4 Live load 328.73 0.00 0.000941
Braking 7.28 -7.28 54.13
Centrifugal
force
0.00 0.00
Total 1706.27 1362.99 54.13 0.00 0.000586 0.001053
DL = Self wt of precast girder + Self wt of Deck slab

DL 0.00 0.00 0.000000
SIDL 0.00 0.00 0.000345
Wind load 0.00 0.00 111.45 222.90 0.000024
Footpath LL 0.000112
Pin bearing Live load 0.00 0.00 0.001012
Braking 0.00 0.00 316.51
Centrifugal
0.00 0.00 0.00
force
Total 0.00 0.00 427.96 222.90 0.000369 0.001124
Horizontal force due to Braking = Total Longitudinal horizontal force

DL 0.00 0.00 0.000000
SIDL 0.00 0.00 0.000456
Wind load 0.00 0.00 222.90 0.000130
Footpath LL 0.000112
Metalic Guide
bearing Live load 0.00 0.00 0.000941
Braking 0.00 0.00
Centrifugal
force 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 222.90 0.000586 0.001053
Load data of POT-PTFE bearing for Normal case Increased or decreased by 5%

Max Min Long. Trans. SIDL Live load
Free bearing 1792 657 57 57 0.000615 0.001180
Pin bearing 0 0 449 234 0.000615 0.001180
Metalic Guide bearing 0 0 0 234 0.000615 0.001180
Minimum vertical load is decreased by 5%. Others are increased by 5%
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9.2 Seismic Forces
Seismic forces on the structure are calculated as per IRC : 6 - 2014.

Horizontal Seismic force, Fh = Ah x (Dead Load + Appropriate Live Load)
Where, Ah = Horizontal Seismic Coefficient
 z  S a 
   
 2  g 
Ah 
 R 
 
 I 
z = zone factor = For Zone IV = 0.240
I = Importance factor = 1.2
R = Response Reduction factor = 1
Young Modulus, E = Grade of concrete for pier = 35 Mpa
= 22000 * ((E + 10) / 12.5)^0.3
= 22000*((+10)/12.5)^0.3
= 32308 kN/m2
Sa/g = Average Response Acceleration Coefficient
Sa/g = 2.5 for 0.0 < T < 0.55
= 1.36/T for 0.55 < T < 4.0
For Medium Soil
D
T  2.0
1000 F
T = Fundamental Natural Time Period of Pier/Abutment
Total Dead Load + SIDL = (Reaction of Girder 1 * 2) + (Reaction of Girder 2 * 2) + (Reaction of Girder 3 * 2) + (Reaction of Girder 4 * 2)
=
SUM(:)*2+SUM(:)*2+SUM(:)*2+SUM(:)*2
= 8385.4 kN
Live Load , assume 20% effect to be considered = 0.2 * 0.9 * (Total 70R load + Total Class A load)
= 0.2*0.9*(170+170+170+170+120+120+80+27+27+114+114+68+6
8+68+68)
= 279.72 kN
D = Appropriate Dead Load and Live Load of Superstructure in kN = Total Dead Load + SIDL + Live Load
=+
= 8665.1 kN
F = Horizontal Load Required for one mm deflection = 3EI / L3
Moment of inertia has been calculated based on base section of pier
L = Height of Pier = 10.000 m
Size of pier along Longitudinal direction i.e. width of pier = 2.300 m
Size of pier along Transverse direction i.e. depth of pier = 2.300 m
For Longitudinal Direction, I = π * width of pier^4 / 64
= PI()*^4/64
= 1.374 m4
For Transeverse Direction, I = π * depth of pier^4 / 64
= PI()*^4/64
= 1.374 m4
F = Horizontal Load Required for one mm deflection = 3EI / L3 kN
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F (For Londitudinal Direction) = 3**/^3

= 133.1 kN
T= 2*SQRT(()/(1000*))
= 0.510 Sec
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F (For Transeverse Direction) = 3**/^3

= 133.1 kN
T= 2*SQRT(()/(1000*))
= 0.510 Sec
So, Sa/g = IF(<=0.55,2.5,1.36/)
= 2.500
Seismic coefficient
Vertical coefficient for longitudinal seismic = Horizontal coefficient Longitudinal * 2 / 3

= *2/3
= 0.240
Horizontal coefficient Longitudinal = z / 2 * (Sa/g) / (R / I)
= 0.24/2x2.500/(1/1.2)
= 0.360
Vertical coefficient for Transverse seismic = Horizontal coefficient Transverse * 2 / 3
= *2/3
= 0.240
Horizontal coefficient Transverse = z / 2 * (Sa/g) / (R / I)
= 0.24/2x2.500/(1/1.2)
= 0.360
10.2 Longitudinal Seismic case
MAXIMUM Longitudinal moment case or Maximum Reaction `
(a) 1-lane Class 70R wheeled Loading
1000 kN
0.50 9 0.50 1.5 0.50
1.2 2.79
0.86
12.00
Section showing location of 70R wheeled loading
1000 kN =W
5.124
80 13.4 170
kN kN
B A
1.000 30.00 1.000
CG of all loads = 5.124 m from extreme right 170 kN load.
left free- right fixed 70R Wheel
RA (fixed bearing) = +(-(-))/*

= 862.5 KN
RB (free bearing) = Total load - RA
= -
= 137.5 KN
Transverse eccentricity = 12/2-0.5--1.2-2.79/2
= 2.905 m
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Horizontal Force, Fh = 20% of total load

=1000*0.2
= 200 KN
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Velocity, V = 60 kmph
Radius, R = 1E+15 m
Braking & centrifugal force act at 1.2m above deck level
Height of structure above bearing = 4.37 m
Centrifugal Force = WV2/127R
= ^2/127/
= 0.000 W
Total Transverse Force
Centrifugal Force = *
= 0.0 KN
Dead load + SIDL reaction (Rg) at RA or RB = 4192.68 KN
Value of " μ " = 0.05 (Bearing coefficient)
Horizontal force at free bearing of longer span (RB) = m x RB
= m x RB for Dead load + SIDL reaction + Live load
= *(+)
= 216.51 KN
Horizontal force at fixed bearing of longer span (RA) = Fh - m x RB
= -
= -16.51 KN
Horizontal force at fixed bearing of longer span (RA) = Fh / 2 + m x RB
= /2+
= 316.51 KN
Total Longitudinal horizontal force = Maximum of Horizontal force at free bearing of longer span and Horizontal force at fixed bearing of
longer span
= MAX(,,)
= 316.51 KN
Sum(r^2) in Transverse direction =

4 * (Spacing of longitudinal girder * 1.5)^2 + 4 * (Spacing of longitudinal girder * 0.5)^2
= 4*(*1.5)^2+4*(*0.5)^2
= 90.00 m2
Number of longitudinal girders = 4 Nos.
Horizontal force in each bearing
Longitudinal force = 316.51 kN

Transverse force = Centrifugal Force / 2
= /2
= 0.00 kN
Longitudinal force =
Fh * Height of structure above bearing / (Length of girder * Number of longitudinal girders)
= ()*/(*)
= 7.28 kN
Outer girder Transverse force = Centrifugal Force * Height of structure above bearing / Sum(r^2) in Transverse direction *
= */**1.5
= 0.00 kN
Considering 50% force = Centrifugal Force * Height of structure above bearing / Sum(r^2) in Transverse direction * Spacing of
longitudinal girder * 0.5
= */**0.5
410 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 0.00 kN
Vertical coefficient = Horizontal coefficient-Longitudinal * 2 / 3
= *2/3
= 0.240
411 of 493
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Horizontal coefficient-Longitudinal = z / 2 * (Sa/g) / (R / I)

= 0.360
Horizontal seismic force for fixed bearings = Dead load + SIDL reaction (Rg) at RA or RB * Horizontal coefficient-Longitudinal *
2
= **2
= 3018.7 KN
Verical seismic force for all bearing = Dead load + SIDL reaction (Rg) at RA or RB * Vertical coefficient * 2
= **2
= 2012.5 KN
C,G. of superstructure = 2.160 m
Horizontal seismic force in pin bearings = Horizontal seismic force for fixed bearings
= 3018.7 KN
Reaction due to Vertical load = Verical seismic force for all bearing / (Number of longitudinal girders * 2)
= /(*2)
= 251.6 KN
Vertical load due to horizontal load = Horizontal seismic force for fixed bearings * C,G. of superstructure / (Girder length
* Number of longitudinal girders)
= */(*)
= 54.34 KN


DL 550.00 550.00 0.0000000
SIDL 92.88 92.88 0.0003450
Footpath LL 9.38 0.0000224
Live load 160.31 0.00 0.0002024
Girder2 Braking 7.28 -7.28 54.13
Centrifugal 0.00 0.00
force
long seismic 305.90 -305.90
Total 1125.73 329.71 54.13 0.00 0.0003450 0.0002248
DL for Longitudinal Seismic case = DL for Normal Condition

SIDL for Longitudinal Seismic case = SIDL for Normal Condition
Footpath LL for Longitudinal Seismic case = Footpath LL for Normal Condition * 0.2
Live load for Longitudinal Seismic case = Live load for Normal Condition * 0.2
Horizontal force due to braking = Horizontal force at free bearing of longer span (RB) / Number of longitudinal girders
Long seismic = Reaction due to Vertical load + Vertical load due to horizontal load
Rotation due to DL for Longitudinal Seismic case = Rotation due to DL for Normal Condition
Rotation due to SIDL for Longitudinal Seismic case = Rotation due to SIDL for Normal Condition
Rotation due to live load for Longitudinal Seismic case = Rotation due to live load for Normal Condition * 0.2
Rotation due to Braking for Longitudinal Seismic case = Rotation due to Braking for Normal Condition * 0.2
412 of 493
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DL 1000.00 1000.00 0.0000000
SIDL 240.53 240.53 0.0004560
Footpath LL 9.38 9.38 0.0000224
Live load 65.75 0.00 0.0001882
Centrifugal
0.00 0.00
force
long seismic 305.90 -305.90
Total 1628.83 936.74 54.13 0.00 0.0004560 0.0002106
DL for Longitudinal Seismic case = DL for Normal Condition

SIDL for Longitudinal Seismic case = SIDL for Normal Condition
Footpath LL for Longitudinal Seismic case = Footpath LL for Normal Condition * 0.2
Live load for Longitudinal Seismic case = Live load for Normal Condition * 0.2
Horizontal force due to braking = Horizontal force at free bearing of longer span (RB) / Number of longitudinal girders
Long seismic = Reaction due to Vertical load + Vertical load due to horizontal load
Rotation due to DL for Longitudinal Seismic case = Rotation due to DL for Normal Condition
Rotation due to SIDL for Longitudinal Seismic case = Rotation due to SIDL for Normal Condition
Rotation due to live load for Longitudinal Seismic case = Rotation due to live load for Normal Condition * 0.2
Rotation due to Braking for Longitudinal Seismic case = Rotation due to Braking for Normal Condition * 0.2

DL 0.00 0.00 0.0000000
SIDL 0.00 0.00 0.0004560
Footpath LL 0.00 0.0000224
Live load 0.00 0.00 0.0002024
Pin bearing Braking 0.00 0.00 316.51
Centrifugal 0.00
force 0.00 0.00
long seismic 0.00 0.00 3018.73
Total 0.00 0.00 3335.23 0.00 0.0004560 0.0002248
Rotation for pin bearing = Rotation for each bearing of Girder 2

DL 0.00 0.00 0.0000000
SIDL 0.00 0.00 0.0004560
Footpath LL 0.00 0.00 0.0000224
Live load 0.00 0.00 0.0001882
Metalic Guide
bearing Braking 0.00 0.00
Centrifugal
force 0.00 0.00 0.00
long seismic 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0004560 0.0002106
Rotation for Metalic Guide bearing = Rotation for each bearing of Girder 4
Load data of POT-PTFE bearing for Normal case Increased or decreased by 5%

Free bearing 1710 313 57 57 0.0004788 0.0002360
Pin bearing 0 0 3502 0 0.0004788 0.0002360
413 of 493
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10.3 Transverse Seismic case
Horizontal force in each bearing
Longitudinal force = 316.51 kN (Braking force)

Transverse force = 0.00 kN (Centrifugal force)
Longitudinal force = 7.28 kN (Braking force)

Transverse force = 0.00 kN (Centrifugal force)
Considering 50% force = 0.00 kN
Vertical coefficient = 0.240

Horizontal coefficient Longitudinal = 0.360
Horizontal seismic force for fixed bearings = Horizontal seismic force for fixed bearings + Horizontal coefficient Longitudinal *
Class 70R wheeled Load
= 3018.7 + +*(+)
= 3018.7 + 360.00
= 3378.7 KN
Verical seismic force for all bearing = Verical seismic force for all bearing + Vertical coefficient * Class 70R wheeled
Load
= 2012.5 + +*(+)
= 2012.5 + 240.00
= 2252.5 KN
C,G. of superstructure = 2.160 m
C,G. of live load = 4.365 m
Horizontal seismic force for each bearings = Horizontal seismic force for fixed bearings / 2
= /2
= 1689.4 KN
Reaction due to Vertical load = Verical seismic force for all bearing / (Number of longitudinal girders * 2)
= /(*2)
= 281.6 KN
Vertical load due to horizontal load =
(Horizontal seismic force for fixed bearings * C,G. of superstructure + (Horizontal
coefficient Longitudinal * Class 70R wheeled Load) * C,G. of live load) /
Sum(r^2) in Transverse direction * Spacing of longitudinal girder * 1.5
= (*+*)/**1.5
= 404.59 KN
Considering 50% force = (Horizontal seismic force for fixed bearings * C,G. of superstructure + (Horizontal coefficient Longitudinal *
Class 70R wheeled Load) * C,G. of live load) / Sum(r^2) in Transverse direction * Spacing of longitudinal
girder * 1.5
= (*+*)/**0.5
= 134.86 KN

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DL 550.00 550.00 0.0000000
SIDL 92.88 92.88 0.0003450
Footpath LL 9.38 0.00 0.0000224
Live load 160.31 0.00 0.0002024
Centrifugal
0.00 0.00
force
Transverse 686.15 -686.15
seismic
Total 1505.99 -50.55 54.13 0.00 0.0003450 0.0002248
DL for Transverse Seismic case = DL for Longitudinal Seismic case

SIDL for Transverse Seismic case = SIDL for Longitudinal Seismic case
Footpath LL for Transverse Seismic case = Footpath LL for Longitudinal Seismic case
Live load for Transverse Seismic case = Live load for Longitudinal Seismic case
Horizontal force due to braking for Transverse Seismic case = Horizontal force due to braking for Longitudinal Seismic case
Transverse seismic = Reaction due to Vertical load + Vertical load due to horizontal load
Rotation due to DL for Transverse Seismic case = Rotation due to DL for Longitudinal Seismic case
Rotation due to SIDL for Transverse Seismic case = Rotation due to SIDL for Longitudinal Seismic case
Rotation due to live load for Transverse Seismic case = Rotation due to live load for Longitudinal Seismic case
Rotation due to Braking for Transverse Seismic case = Rotation due to Braking for Longitudinal Seismic case

DL 1000.00 1000.00 0.0000000
SIDL 240.53 240.53 0.0004560
Footpath LL 9.38 9.38 0.0000224
Live load 65.75 0.00 0.0001882
Centrifugal 0.00 0.00
force
Transverse 686.15 -686.15 0.00
seismic
Total 2009.08 556.48 54.13 0.00 0.0004560 0.0002106
DL for Transverse Seismic case = DL for Longitudinal Seismic case

SIDL for Transverse Seismic case = SIDL for Longitudinal Seismic case
Footpath LL for Transverse Seismic case = Footpath LL for Longitudinal Seismic case
Live load for Transverse Seismic case = Live load for Longitudinal Seismic case
Horizontal force due to braking for Transverse Seismic case = Horizontal force due to braking for Longitudinal Seismic case
Transverse seismic = Reaction due to Vertical load + Vertical load due to horizontal load
Rotation due to DL for Transverse Seismic case = Rotation due to DL for Longitudinal Seismic case
Rotation due to SIDL for Transverse Seismic case = Rotation due to SIDL for Longitudinal Seismic case
Rotation due to live load for Transverse Seismic case = Rotation due to live load for Longitudinal Seismic case
Rotation due to Braking for Transverse Seismic case = Rotation due to Braking for Longitudinal Seismic case

DL 0.00 0.00 0.0000000
SIDL 0.00 0.00 0.0004560
Footpath LL 0.00 0.00 0.0000224
Live load 0.00 0.00 0.0001882
Pin bearing Braking 0.00 0.00 316.51
415 of 493
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Pin bearing
Centrifugal 0.00 0.00 0.00
force
Transverse 0.00 0.00 1689.36
seismic
Total 0.00 0.00 316.51 1689.36 0.0004560 0.0002106
416 of 493
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Rotation for pin bearing = Rotation for each bearing of Girder 4

DL 0.00 0.00 0.0000000
SIDL 0.00 0.00 0.0004560
Footpath LL 0.00 0.00 0.0000224
Live load 0.00 0.00 0.0001882
Metalic Guide Braking 0.00 0.00
bearing Centrifugal
0.00 0.00 0.00
force
Transverse 0.00 0.00 1689.36
seismic
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 1689.36 0.0004560 0.0002106
Rotation for Metalic Guide bearing = Rotation for each bearing of Girder 4
Load data of POT-PTFE / Pin / metalic guide bearing for Long seismic case (Increased or decreased by 5%)

Free bearing 2110 -48 57 57 0.0004788 0.0002360
Pin bearing 0 0 332 1774 0.0004788 0.0002360
417 of 493
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11.0 Design of Stiffener
Clear panel
Bearing Location
11.1 Outer Girder
(i) Design of Intermediate stiffeners [As per Clause 509.7 of IRC:24-2010]
When transverse stiffener are not required as per CL No. 509.6.11a of IRC : 24 - 2010
Thickness of web plate without stiffener plates when d/tw < 200ԑw i.e. tw > d / 200ԑw
d= 2000 mm = Web height
Where ԑw = (250 / fy)^(1 / 2)
= (250/410)^0.5
= 0.78
d / 200ԑw = /(200*)
= 12.81 mm
tw ≤ d / 200ԑw
As per Cl No: 509.6.1.1b (i) of IRC:24-2010 When 3d > c > d d/tw < 200ԑw
As per Cl No: 509.6.1.1b (ii) of IRC:24-2010 When d > c > 0.74d c/tw < 200ԑw
As per Cl No: 509.6.1.1b (i) of IRC:24-2010 When c < 0.74d d/tw < 270ԑw
c = clear panel length = 1800 mm < 1.5 d = 3000 mm As per Clause No-G4.11.2.2 of IRC 24-
> 0.33 d = 660 mm 2010
tw = c / (200 * ԑw)
= /(200*)
= 11.53 mm < 16 mm Hence OK
As per Clause No : 509.7 of IRC 24 - 2010 Shear buckling resistance Shall be checked
If c/d > √2 Is > 0.75dtw3

If c/d < √2 Is > 1.5d3tw3/c2
Here c/d = /
= 0.9 < √2 = 1.414
Imin = 1.5 * d^3 * tw^3 / c^2
= 1.5*^3*^3/^2
= 5.67E+06 mm4
Thickness of intermediate stiffener provided = t= 14 mm
Effective outstand of stiffener as per G4.11.2 of irc : 24 - 2010 = 12t
= 12*
= 168 mm
418 of 493
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As per Clause no. 509.7.12 of IRC : 24 - 2010 maximum outstand not greater than 20tԑ and 14tԑ to be considered
For design width in between 20tԑ and 14tԑ
Minimum Flange width available = 450 mm
419 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Available flange width for stiffener on each side = (Minimum Flange width available - tw) / 2
= (-)/2
= 217 mm (bs)
Considering effective width of outstand = minimum of Effective outstand of stiffener and Available flange width for stiffener on each side
= MIN(,)
= 168 mm
MOI of intermediate stiffener about C/L of web = (2 * t * Considering effective width of outstand^3 / 12 + 2 * t * Considering effective width of
outstand * (tw / 2 + Considering effective width of outstand / 2)^2) / 2
= (2**^3/12+2***(/2+/2)^2)/2
= 2.54E+07 mm4 > Imin = 5.67E+06 mm4 Hence OK
Shear buckling resistance
I= 2.54E+07 mm4
Ae = 2 * t * Effective outstand of stiffener
= 2**
= 4704 mm2
r= SQRT(I/Ae)
= SQRT(/)
= 73.54 mm
Flange is restrained against rotation and lateral deflection
Le = KL = 0.7 * L
= 0.7*
= 1400 mm
KL/r = /
= 19.0
As per Clause No. 507.12
Pd =Ae fcd
ϒmo = 1.1
fcd = Design Compressive Stress
fy/ϒmo
fcd =
{ɸ +(ɸ2 -λ2)0.5}
ɸ= 0.5[1+α(λ-0.2)+λ2]
λ= SQRT(fy/fcc)
fy = 410 Mpa
E= 2.00E+05 Mpa
fcc = π2 E/(KL/r)2
= PI()^2*/(^2)
= 5446 Mpa
λ= SQRT(/)
= 0.27
It is buckling class C hence α= 0.49
ɸ= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.56
fcd = (/)/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)
= 358.6 Mpa
Buckling Resistance of Stiffener = Fqd = fcd Ae
= */1000
= 1687 kN
Buckling Check
Fqd > (V - Vcr) / ϒmo
420 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
V = factored Maximum Shear Force near support

Vcr = Shear buckling resistance of Web Panel
Vcr = 7704 kN
V= 303 kN
421 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
(V - Vcr) / ϒmo = (-)/()

= -6729 kN < 1687 kN Hence OK
(ii) Design of Connection between transverse stiffener and web at cross girder location
[As per Clause 509.7.2.6 of IRC : 24 - 2010]
Design shear force for transverse stiffener = Fqd * tw2 / 5bs

= ^2/(5*)*
= 304.754 kN/m
Depth of Stiffener = dt = 2m
Total Shear Force = Vsf = Design shear force for transverse stiffener * dt
= *
= 610 kN
No. of Weld Surface Available = 2 Nos
Minimum Weld Size required as per [IS :9595-1980] = 4 mm
Weld Size Provided = 8 mm
Effective Length of Weld = 2 * dt
= 2*
= 4m
Permissible Shear Capacity of Fillet Weld in Shop= 236.7 N/mm2
Shear Capacity of continuous weld= Weld Size Provided * Permissible Shear Capacity of Fillet Weld in Shop / √2
= */SQRT(2)
= 1339.0 kN/m > 304.75 kN/m Hence OK
(iii) Design of Bearing Stiffener [As per Cl NO. 508.11.1 of IRC : 24 - 2010]
Thickness of Bearing Stiffener = tb = 25 mm

Permissible Outstand of Stiffener = 12 tb
= 12*
= 300 mm
Available Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web = (Minimum Flange width available - Web thickness of cross girder) / 2
= (-0.016*1000)/2
= 217 mm
Provided Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web = 270 mm
Effective Width of Outstand = minimum of Permissible Outstand of Stiffener and Provided Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web
= MIN(,)
= 270 mm < 14tbԑw Hence OK
14tbԑw = 14**
= 273 mm
As per CL NO. 509.7 of IRC : 24 - 2010, Shear Buckling resistance of web without stiffener
Fw = (b1 + n2)twfyw / ϒmo
422 of 493
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ϒmo = 1.1
fyw = 410 Mpa
b1 = 0
Dispersion = 1 : 2.5
423 of 493
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Thickness of Bottom Flange = 32 mm

n2 = 2 * Dispersion * Thickness of Bottom Flange
= 2**
= 160 mm
tw = 16 mm
r = tw / (2 * √3)
L= 0.7 dw
dw = d = 2000 mm
r= /(2*SQRT(3))
= 4.62 mm
L= 0.7*
= 1400 mm
L/r= /
= 303
Pd = Ae fcd
ϒmo = 1.1
fy / ϒmo
fcd =
{ɸ + (ɸ2 - λ2)0.5}
ɸ= 0.5 [1 + α(λ - 0.2) + λ2]
λ= √(fy / fcc)
fy = 410 Mpa
E= 2.00E+05 Mpa
fcc = π2 E / (KL / r)2
= PI()^2*/(^2)
= 21 Mpa
λ= SQRT(/)
= 4.37
ɸ= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 11.06
fcd = (/)/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)
= 17.6 Mpa
Buckling Resistance of Stiffener = Fw = (b1 + n2)twfyw / ϒmo
= (**//1000)
= 40.87 kN < V = 302.523 kN
As per CL NO. 509.7 of IRC : 24 - 2010, Shear Buckling resistance of web with stiffener
A = 2 * tb * Provided Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web + n2 * tw

= 2**+*
= 16060 mm2
Ixx = n2 * tw^3 / 12 + 2 * tb * Provided Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web^3 / 12 + 2 * Provided Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web * t b
* (Provided Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web / 2 + tw / 2)^2
= *^3/12+2**^3/12+2***(/2+/2)^2
= 358128613 mm4
r= (Ixx / A)^0.5
= (/)^0.5
= 149.330 mm
L = 0.7 dw
dw = d = 2000 mm
424 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
L= 0.7*
= 1400 mm
L/r = /
= 9.4
425 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
As per Clause No: 507.12

Pd = Ae fcd
ϒmo = 1.1
fy/ϒmo
fcd =
{ɸ +(ɸ2 -λ2)0.5}
ɸ= 0.5[1 + α(λ - 0.2) + λ2]
λ= √(fy/fcc)
fy = 410 Mpa
E= 2.00E+05 Mpa
fcc = π2E / (KL / r)2
= PI()^2*/(^2)
= 22458 Mpa
λ= SQRT(/)
= 0.135
ɸ= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.49
fcd = (/)/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)
= 385.2 Mpa
Buckling Resistance of Stiffener = Fw = fcd Ae
= */1000
= 6186.47 kN
Bearing Capacity Check
Fqd = Aqfyq/(0.8*ϒmo) > Vmax = 303 kN

= 2***/(0.8*)/1000
= 6289.77 kN > Vmax = 303 kN Hence OK
Check For Torsional Restraint

As per CL NO: 509.7 of IRC :24-2010 ,tortional stiffness of bearing stiffener
Ix = 0.34αs D3 Tef
αs = 0.006 for L/ry < 50 =
= 0.006 for 50 < L/ry < 100
= 30/(L/ry)^2 for L/ry > 101
Here
αs = IF(>50,IF(<100,0.006,30/^2),0.006)
= 0.006
D= Bottom flange thickness + Web depth + Top flange thickness
= (0.032+2.000+0.028)*1000
= 2060 mm
Tef = 28 mm
Ix = 0.34**^3*
= 499332530 mm4
Ixx = 358128613 mm4
Ix > Ixx Hence OK =
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11.0 Design of Stiffener
Clear panel
Bearing Location
11.2 Inner Girder
(i) Design of Intermediate stiffeners [As per Clause 509.7 of IRC:24-2010]
When transverse stiffener are not required as per CL No. 509.6.11a of IRC : 24 - 2010
Thickness of web plate without stiffener plates when d/tw < 200ԑw i.e. tw > d / 200ԑw
d= 2000 mm
Where ԑw = (250 / fy)^(1 / 2)
= (250/410)^0.5
= 0.78
d / 200ԑw = /(200*)
= 12.81 mm
tw ≤ d / 200ԑw
As per Cl No: 509.6.1.1b (i) of IRC:24-2010 When 3d > c > d d/tw < 200ԑw
As per Cl No: 509.6.1.1b (ii) of IRC:24-2010 When d > c > 0.74d c/tw < 200ԑw
As per Cl No: 509.6.1.1b (i) of IRC:24-2010 When c < 0.74d d/tw < 270ԑw
c = clear panel length = 1800 mm < 1.5 d = 3000 mm As per Clause No-G4.11.2.2 of IRC 24-
> 0.33 d = 660 mm 2010
tw = c / (200 * ԑw)
= /(200*)
= 11.53 mm < 16 mm Hence OK
As per Clause No : 509.7 of IRC 24 - 2010 Shear buckling resistance Shall be checked
If c/d > √2 Is > 0.75dtw3

If c/d < √2 Is > 1.5d3tw3/c2
Here c/d = /
= 0.9 < √2 = 1.414
Imin = 1.5 * d^3 * tw^3 / c^2
= 1.5*^3*^3/^2
= 5.67E+06 mm4
Thickness of intermediate stiffener provided = t= 14 mm
Effective outstand of stiffener as per G4.11.2 of irc : 24 - 2010 = 12t
= 12*
= 168 mm
427 of 493
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As per Clause no. 509.7.12 of IRC : 24 - 2010 maximum outstand not greater than 20tԑ and 14tԑ to be considered
For design width in between 20tԑ and 14tԑ
Minimum Flange width available = 450 mm
428 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Available flange width for stiffener on each side = (Minimum Flange width available - tw) / 2
= (-)/2
= 217 mm (bs)
Considering effective width of outstand = minimum of Effective outstand of stiffener and Available flange width for stiffener on each side
= MIN(,)
= 168 mm
MOI of intermediate stiffener about C/L of web = (2 * t * Considering effective width of outstand^3 / 12 + 2 * t * Considering effective width of
outstand * (tw / 2 + Considering effective width of outstand / 2)^2) / 2
= (2**^3/12+2***(/2+/2)^2)/2
= 2.54E+07 mm4 > Imin = 5.67E+06 mm4 Hence OK
Shear buckling resistance
I= 2.54E+07 mm4
Ae = 2 * t * Effective outstand of stiffener
= 2**
= 4704 mm2
r= SQRT(I/Ae)
= SQRT(/)
= 73.54 mm
Flange is restrained against rotation and lateral deflection
Le = KL = 0.7 * L
= 0.7*
= 1400 mm
KL/r = /
= 19.0
Pd =Ae fcd
ϒmo = 1.1
fy/ϒmo
fcd =
{ɸ +(ɸ2 -λ2)0.5}
ɸ= 0.5[1+α(λ-0.2)+λ2]
λ= SQRT(fy/fcc)
fy = 410 Mpa
E= 2.00E+05 Mpa
fcc = π2 E/(KL/r)2
= PI()^2*/(^2)
= 5446 Mpa
λ= SQRT(/)
= 0.27
ɸ= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.56
fcd = (/)/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)
= 358.6 Mpa
Buckling Resistance of Stiffener = Fqd = fcd Ae
= */1000
= 1687 kN
Buckling Check
Fqd > (V - Vcr) / ϒmo
429 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
V = factored Maximum Shear Force near support

Vcr = Shear buckling resistance of Web Panel
Vcr = 7704 kN
V= 303 kN
430 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
(V - Vcr) / ϒmo = (-)/()

= -6729 kN < 1687 kN Hence OK
(ii) Design of Connection between transverse stiffener and web at cross girder location
[As per Clause 509.7.2.6 of IRC : 24 - 2010]
Design shear force for transverse stiffener = Fqd * tw2 / 5bs

= ^2/(5*)*
= 304.754 kN/m
Depth of Stiffener = dt = 2m
Total Shear Force = Vsf = Design shear force for transverse stiffener * dt
= *
= 610 kN
No. of Weld Surface Available = 2 Nos
Minimum Weld Size required as per [IS :9595-1980] = 4 mm
Weld Size Provided = 8 mm
Effective Length of Weld = 2 * dt
= 2*
= 4m
Permissible Shear Capacity of Fillet Weld in Shop= 236.7 N/mm2
Shear Capacity of continuous weld= Weld Size Provided * Permissible Shear Capacity of Fillet Weld in Shop / √2
= */SQRT(2)
= 1339.0 kN/m > 304.75 kN/m Hence OK
(iii) Design of Bearing Stiffener [As per Cl NO. 508.11.1 of IRC : 24 - 2010]
Thickness of Bearing Stiffener = tb = 25 mm

Permissible Outstand of Stiffener = 12 tb
= 12*
= 300 mm
Available Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web = (Minimum Flange width available - Web thickness of cross girder) / 2
= (-0.016*1000)/2
= 217 mm
Provided Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web = 270 mm
Effective Width of Outstand = minimum of Permissible Outstand of Stiffener and Provided Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web
= MIN(,)
= 270 mm < 14tbԑw Hence OK
14tbԑw = 14**
= 273 mm
As per CL NO. 509.7 of IRC : 24 - 2010, Shear Buckling resistance of web without stiffener
Fw = (b1 + n2)twfyw / ϒmo
431 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
ϒmo = 1.1
fyw = 410 Mpa
b1 = 0
Dispersion = 1 : 2.5
432 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Thickness of Bottom Flange = 32 mm

n2 = 2 * Dispersion * Thickness of Bottom Flange
= 2**
= 160 mm
tw = 16 mm
r = tw / (2 * √3)
L= 0.7 dw
dw = d = 2000 mm
r= /(2*SQRT(3))
= 4.62 mm
L= 0.7*
= 1400 mm
L/r= /
= 303
Pd = Ae fcd
ϒmo = 1.1
fy / ϒmo
fcd =
{ɸ + (ɸ2 - λ2)0.5}
ɸ= 0.5 [1 + α(λ - 0.2) + λ2]
λ= √(fy / fcc)
fy = 410 Mpa
E= 2.00E+05 Mpa
fcc = π2 E / (KL / r)2
= PI()^2*/(^2)
= 21 Mpa
λ= SQRT(/)
= 4.37
ɸ= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 11.06
fcd = (/)/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)
= 17.6 Mpa
Buckling Resistance of Stiffener = Fw = (b1 + n2)twfyw / ϒmo
= (**//1000)
= 40.87 kN < V = 302.523 kN
As per CL NO. 509.7 of IRC : 24 - 2010, Shear Buckling resistance of web with stiffener
A = 2 * tb * Provided Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web + n2 * tw

= 2**+*
= 16060 mm2
Ixx = n2 * tw^3 / 12 + 2 * tb * Provided Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web^3 / 12 + 2 * Provided Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web * t b
* (Provided Width of Stiffener on Each Side of Web / 2 + tw / 2)^2
= *^3/12+2**^3/12+2***(/2+/2)^2
= 358128613 mm4
r= (Ixx / A)^0.5
= (/)^0.5
= 149.33 mm
L = 0.7 dw
dw = d = 2000 mm
433 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
L= 0.7*
= 1400 mm
L/r = /
= 9.4
434 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
As per Clause No: 507.12

Pd = Ae fcd
ϒmo = 1.1
fy/ϒmo
fcd =
{ɸ +(ɸ2 -λ2)0.5}
ɸ= 0.5[1 + α(λ - 0.2) + λ2]
λ= √(fy/fcc)
fy = 410 Mpa
E= 2.00E+05 Mpa
fcc = π2E / (KL / r)2
= PI()^2*/(^2)
= 22458 Mpa
λ= SQRT(/)
= 0.135
ɸ= 0.5*(1+*(-0.2)+^2)
= 0.49
fcd = (/)/(+(^2-^2)^0.5)
= 385.2 Mpa
Buckling Resistance of Stiffener = Fw = fcd Ae
= */1000
= 6186.47 kN
Bearing Capacity Check
Fqd = Aqfyq/(0.8*ϒmo) > Vmax = 302.523 kN

= 2***/(0.8*)/1000
= 6289.773 kN > Vmax = 302.523 kN Hence OK
Check For Torsional Restraint

As per CL NO: 509.7 of IRC :24-2010 ,tortional stiffness of bearing stiffener
Ix = 0.34αs D3 Tef
αs = 0.006 for L/ry < 50 =
= 0.006 for 50 < L/ry < 100
= 30/(L/ry)^2 for L/ry > 101
Here
αs = IF(>50,IF(<100,0.006,30/^2),0.006)
= 0.006
D= Bottom flange thickness + Web depth + Top flange thickness
= (0.032+2.000+0.028)*1000
= 2060 mm
Tef = 28 mm
Ix = 0.34**^3*
= 499332530 mm4
Ixx = 358128613 mm4
Ix > Ixx Hence OK =
435 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

12 Design of Connection at Support
A Outer Girder
(i) Design of welds between web and top flange [As per Clause 512.4 of IRC:24-2010]
Horizontal shear force at the junction of web and top flange has been given by
H1 = V x Af x Y
I
Load acting on Steel Section Only
Shear Force in Steel Section Due to DL = V1 = 29 kN

Cross Sectional Area of Top Flange = Af1 = 0.0126 m 2
Moment of Inertia of top flange about major axis = I1 = 0.1382 m4

Distance of CG of flange plate from top of girder = Y= 0.0140 m
Distance Between CG of Top Fibre to CG of Girder = Y1 = Web Depth + Bottom flange thickness + Y
= #VALUE!
= 1.5751 m
Horizontal Shear Force = H1 = V1 * Af1 * Y1 / I1
= **/
= 4.2 kN/m
Permanent Loads acting on Composite Section
Shear Force in Steel Section Due to SIDL = V2 = 86 kN

Cross Sectional Area above Top Flange = Af2 = Area of (Deck Slab + Triangular portion Deck +
Rectangular Portion Deck + Top Flange Plate)
= 0.1000000+0.0013333+0.0073333+0.0176000
= 0.1263 m2
Moment of Inertia of beam about major axis = I2 = 0.2352 m4
Distance of CG of slab and Top Flange Plate from top fibre = Y= 0.0151 m
Distance between CG of Slab and CG of Girder =
Y2 = Bottom flange thickness + Web Depth + Top flange
thickness + Thickness of haunch + Thickness of Deck Slab - Yb
of Composite Section for Long Term Modular Ratio- Y
= #VALUE!
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 1.2824 m
By: SLS Sheet No.

= **/
= 59.3 kN/m
Transient Loads acting on Composite Section
Shear Force in Steel Section Due to LL = V3 = 186 kN

Cross Sectional Area above Top Flange = Af3 = 0.1263 m2
of Composite Section for Short Term Modular Ratio- Y
= #VALUE!
= 0.9771 m
= **/
= 79.1 kN/m
Total Horizontal Force at the junction of web and Top Flange = H1 + H2 + H3

= ++
= 142.6 kN/m
No. of Weld Surface Available = 2 Nos.
Horizontal Shear Force Per Weld Surface = Total Horizontal Force at the junction of web and Top Flange / No. of Weld Surface
Available
= /
= 71.3 kN/m = V
Minimum Size of Weld as per IS:9595-1980 = 8.0 mm
Weld Size Provided = 10.0 mm
q = VAfYf/(Izz∑t)
t= 0.7 x Weld Size
= 0.7*
= 7 mm
Total Height of Girder = H = Bottom flange thickness + Web Depth + Top flange thickness
= 0.036+2.750+0.032
= 2.818 m
CG of Top Flange from Bottom = Yf = H - Top flange thickness / 2
= -0.032/2
= 2.802 m
Af Yf = *
= 0.03531 m3
Izz = 0.28934 m4
q= */(*)
= 1.243 N/mm2
fa = P/lw∑t
A= 0.0126 m2 (Cross Sectional Area of Top Flange)
P = fA = 300745.000 N
f=P/A= /(*10^6)
= 23.8687 N/mm2
lw = P / fa ∑t = P / fa x Izz x q / (V * Af * Yf)
= Izz / (A * Yf) since P * q = V * fa
= /(*)
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 8.195 m
By: SLS Sheet No.
fa = /(*1000**2)
= 2.6212 N/mm2
fe = (fa2+3q2)0.5
= (^2+3*^2)^0.5
= 3.392 N/mm2
Fu = 540 N/mm2
ϒmw = 1.25
Permissible Capacity of fillet weld in shop = Fu / (3)^0.5 ϒmw
= /(3)^0.5/
= 249.415 N/mm2 Hence OK
(ii) Design of welds between web and Bottom flange [As per Clause 512.4 of IRC:24-2010]
H1 = V x Ab x Y
I

Cross Sectional Area of Bottom Flange = Ab1 = 0.0306 m2
Moment of Inertia of bottom flange about major axis = I1 = 0.1213 m4
Distance of CG of bottom flange plate from bottom of girder = Y= 0.0180 m
Distance Between CG of bottom flange and CG of Girder = Y1 = Yb of girder - Y
= #VALUE!
= 1.2069 m
Horizontal Shear Force = H1 = V1 * Ab1 * Y1 / I1
= **/
= 8.9 kN/m

Cross Sectional Area of Bottom Flange = Ab2 = 0.0306 m 2

Distance Between CG of bottom flange and CG of Girder = Y2 = Yb of Composite Section for Long Term
Modular Ratio- Y
= #VALUE!
= 1.8525 m
= **/
= 20.7 kN/m

By: SLS Sheet No.
Distance Between CG of bottom flange and CG of Girder = Y3 = Yb of Composite Section for Short Term
Modular Ratio - Y
= #VALUE!
= 2.1579 m
= **/
= 42.3 kN/m
Total Horizontal Force at the junction of web and bottom flange = H1 + H2 + H3

= ++
=72.0 kN/m
Available
= /2
= 36.0 kN/m = V
q = VAfYf/(Izz∑t)
t= 0.7 x Weld Size
= 0.7*
= 7 mm
= 0.036+2.750+0.032
= 2.818 m
CG of bottom Flange from Bottom = Yf = H - Yb of girder - Bottom flange thickness / 2
= -1.2249-0.036/2
= 1.5751 m
Ab Yf = *
= 0.04820 m3
Izz = 0.28934 m4
q= */(*)
= 0.856 N/mm2
fa = P/lw∑t
A= 0.0306 m2 (Cross Sectional Area of Bottom Flange)
P = fA = 300745 N
f=P/A= (/(*10^6))
= 9.8283 N/mm2
= /()
= 6.003 m
fa = /(*1000**2)
= 3.5783 N/mm2
fe = (fa2+3q2)0.5
= (^2+3*^2)^0.5
= 3.873 N/mm2
Fu = 540 N/mm2
ϒmw = 1.25
= 540/(3)^0.5/
By: SLS Sheet No.

12 Design of Connection at Support
B Inner Girder
(i) Design of welds between web and top flange [As per Clause 512.4 of IRC:24-2010]
H1 = V x Af x Y
I

Cross Sectional Area of Top Flange = Af1 = 0.0126 m 2
Moment of Inertia of top flange about major axis = I1 = 0.1382 m4

Distance of CG of flange plate from top of girder = Y= 0.0140 m
Distance Between CG of Top Fibre to CG of Girder = Y1 = Web Depth + Bottom flange thickness + Y
= 2.750+0.036-1.2249+
= 1.5751 m
= **/
= 4.2 kN/m

Cross Sectional Area above Top Flange = Af2 = Area of (Deck Slab + Triangular portion Deck +
Rectangular Portion Deck + Top Flange Plate)
= 0.1000000+0.0013333+0.0073333+0.0176000
= 0.1263 m2
of Composite Section for Long Term Modular Ratio- Y
= #VALUE!
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 1.2824 m
By: SLS Sheet No.

= **/
= 59.3 kN/m

Cross Sectional Area above Top Flange = Af3 = 0.1263 m2
of Composite Section for Short Term Modular Ratio- Y
= #VALUE!
= 0.9771 m
= **/
= 79.1 kN/m
Total Horizontal Force at the junction of web and Top Flange = H1 + H2 + H3

= ++
= 142.6 kN/m
Available
= /
= 71.3 kN/m = V
q = VAfYf/(Izz∑t)
t= 0.7 x Weld Size
= 0.7*
= 7 mm
= 0.036+2.750+0.032
= 2.818 m
CG of Top Flange from Bottom = Yf = H - Top flange thickness / 2
= -0.032/2
= 2.802 m
Af Yf = *
= 0.03531 m3
Izz = 0.28934 m4
q= */(*)
= 1.243 N/mm2
fa = P/lw∑t
A= 0.0126 m2 (Cross Sectional Area of Top Flange)
P = fA = 300745.000 N
f=P/A= /(*10^6)
= 23.8687 N/mm2
= /(*)
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 8.195 m
By: SLS Sheet No.
fa = /(*1000**2)
= 2.6212 N/mm2
fe = (fa2+3q2)0.5
= (^2+3*^2)^0.5
= 3.392 N/mm2
Fu = 540 N/mm2
ϒmw = 1.25
= /(3)^0.5/
(ii) Design of welds between web and Bottom flange [As per Clause 512.4 of IRC:24-2010]
H1 = V x Ab x Y
I

Distance Between CG of bottom flange and CG of Girder = Y1 = Yb of girder - Y
= #VALUE!
= 1.2069 m
= **/
= 8.9 kN/m

Cross Sectional Area of Bottom Flange = Ab2 = 0.0306 m 2

Distance Between CG of bottom flange and CG of Girder = Y2 = Yb of Composite Section for Long Term
Modular Ratio- Y
= #VALUE!
= 1.8525 m
= **/
= 20.7 kN/m

By: SLS Sheet No.
Distance Between CG of bottom flange and CG of Girder = Y3 = Yb of Composite Section for Short Term
Modular Ratio - Y
= #VALUE!
= 2.1579 m
= **/
= 42.3 kN/m
Total Horizontal Force at the junction of web and bottom flange = H1 + H2 + H3

= ++
=72.0 kN/m
Available
= /2
= 36.0 kN/m = V
q = VAfYf/(Izz∑t)
t= 0.7 x Weld Size
= 0.7*
= 7 mm
= 0.036+2.750+0.032
= 2.818 m
CG of bottom Flange from Bottom = Yf = H - Yb of girder - Bottom flange thickness / 2
= -1.2249-0.036/2
= 1.5751 m
Ab Yf = *
= 0.04820 m3
Izz = 0.28934 m4
q= */(*)
= 0.856 N/mm2
fa = P/lw∑t
A= 0.0306 m2 (Cross Sectional Area of Bottom Flange)
P = fA = 300745 N
f=P/A= (/(*10^6))
= 9.8283 N/mm2
= /()
= 6.003 m
fa = /(*1000**2)
= 3.5783 N/mm2
fe = (fa2+3q2)0.5
= (^2+3*^2)^0.5
= 3.873 N/mm2
Fu = 540 N/mm2
ϒmw = 1.25
= 540/(3)^0.5/
By: SLS Sheet No.

13 Design of Splice Joint
A Outer Girder
(i) Design of Splice Joint of Top Flange Plate [As per Clause 512.5.2 of IRC:24-2010]
Width of Top Flange = b= 550 mm

Cross Sectional Area of Top Flange = Aft1, Max = 0.0176 m2
Cross Sectional Area of Top Flange = Aft1, Min = 0.0143 m2
Splice Cover Plate Required = 1.05 * Aft1, Max
= 1.05*
= 0.0185 m2
Maximum Compressive Stress at Top = 124.30 N/mm2
Compressive Force in Top Flange Plate = Maximum Compressive Stress at Top * Aft1, Max
= **1000
= 2187.720227 KN
Design force for each Side of Splice Shall be greater of
1. 1.10 x Computed Force at the splice point = 1.1*
= 2406.5 KN
2. 0.8 x the maximum force in the weaker flange plate = 0.8 * Permissible bending stress * Aft1, Min
= 0.8**()*1000
= 2773.2 KN
Permissible bending stress = 241.80 N/mm2
Hence Design Force on Each Side of Splice = MAX(,)
= 2773.16 KN
Splice Cover Plate Required from force consideration = Design Force on Each Side of Splice / Permissible bending stress
= //1000
= 0.0115 m2
No of Splice plate required for Top Flange = 2.0 Nos
Width of Top Splice Plate for Top Flange = 0.550 m
By: SLS Sheet No.
Width of Bottom Splice Plate for Top Flange = 0.250 m

By: SLS Sheet No.
Thickness of Splice Plate of Top Flange required =

Splice Cover Plate Required from force considerartion / Width of
Top Splice Plate for Top Flange / 2
= //2
= 0.010 m
Thickness of Splice Plate of Top Flange Provided = 0.018 m
Area of Splice Plate Provided = No of Splice plate required for Top Flange * Thickness of Splice Plate of Top Flange
Provided * (Width of Top Splice Plate for Top Flange - 1 * Nominal Diameter of Bolt
hole)
= **(-1*/1000)
= 0.0189 m2 OK
Design of High Strength Friction Grip Bolt
Property of Class of Bolt = 10.9

Nominal Diameter of Bolt = 24.0 mm
Nominal Diameter of Bolt hole = Nominal Diameter of Bolt + 1.5 mm
= +1.5
= 25.5 mm
Minimum Edge Distance = 1.75 x Nominal Diameter of Bolt hole
= 1.75*
= 44.625 mm
Edge Distance Provided along length and width = 50 mm
Minimum pitch for bolt = 2.5 x Nominal Diameter of Bolt
= 2.5*
= 60 mm
Maximum Pitch for Bolt:
Min of 12 x Web thickness = 12**1000 = 216 mm
200 mm
Pitch Provided Along Length = 75 mm
Pitch Provided Along Width = 100 mm
No of Interface = 2 Nos
Minimum Permissible bolt tension [Table 7 of IS : 1367-Part3-2002] = 293 kN
Slip factor for surface blasted grit [Clause 5.4.1 of IS : 4000-1992] = 0.35
Permissible shear capacity of each bolt [Clause 5.4.2 of IS : 4000-1992] =
Slip factor for surface blasted grit *
Minimum Permissible bolt tension *
No of Interface / 1.4
= **/1.4
= 146.50 kN
No of Bolt Required Each side of Splice = Design Force on Each Side of Splice / Permissible shear capacity of each bolt
= /
= 18.93 Nos
Provide No of Rows along width = 4.00
No of Bolts require along length = No of Bolt Required Each side of Splice / No of Rows along width
= /
= 4.73
Provided No of Bolt along length = 12.00 Nos
By: SLS Sheet No.
Design shear strength of bolts at splice location, Vdf = Minimum Permissible bolt tension * Provided No of Bolt along length * No of
Rows along width/2
= **/2
= 7032 kN
Design Applied Shear, Vsf = 2406.5 kN
Design Tension Strength of Bolt, Tdf = Minimum Permissible bolt tension * No of Rows along width * Provided No of Bolt along
length / 1.25
= **/1.25
= 11251.2 kN
Design Applied Tension, Tf = 0.0 kN
As per Clause 512.6.5 of IRC 24-2010
(Vsf/Vdf)2 + (Tf/Tdf)2<1
Here (Vsf/Vdf)2 + (Tf/Tdf)2 = (/)^2+(/)^2
= 0.117 ≤1
Length of Splice Plate required = (2 * Edge Distance Provided along length and width + Pitch Provided Along Length * (Provided
No of Bolt along length - 1 )) * No of Interface
= (2*+*(-1))*
= 1850.000 mm
Hence net width of Top Flange = Width of Top Flange - No of Rows along width * (Nominal Diameter of Bolt + 1.5)
= -*(+1.5)
= 448.000 mm
Bottom Splice Plate Width = Width of Top Flange / 2 - Nominal Diameter of Bolt - 2
= /2--2
= 249 mm
Summary of Splice plate for Top Flange
Top Splice Plate 1 Nos 550 mm x 1850 mm x 18 mm

Bottom Splice Plate 1 Nos 249 mm x 1850 mm x 18 mm
(ii) Design of Slice Joint of Bottom Flange Plate [As per Clause 512.5.2 of IRC:24-2010]
Width of Bottom Flange, b = 850 mm

Cross Sectional Area of Bottom Flange = Afb1, Max = 0.0306 m2
Cross Sectional Area of Bottom Flange = Afb1, Min = 0.0175 m2
Splice Cover Plate Required = 1.05 * Afb1, Max
= 1.05*
= 0.03213 m2
Maximum Tensile Stress at Bottom = 114.503 N/mm2
Compressive Force in Bottom Flange Plate = Maximum Tensile Stress at Bottom * Afb1, Max
= **1000
= 3503.782 KN
= 3854.2 KN
= 0.8**()*10^3
= 3386.0 KN
By: SLS Sheet No.

By: SLS Sheet No.

= 3854.16 KN
= //1000
= 0.0159 m2
No of Splice plate required for bottom Flange = 3.0 Nos
Width of bottom Splice Plate for bottom Flange = 0.850 m
Width of top Splice Plate for bottom Flange = 0.325 m
Thickness of Splice Plate of bottom Flange required=
bottom Splice Plate for bottom Flange / 2
= /2/
= 0.009 m
Thickness of Splice Plate of bottom Flange Provided= 0.022 m
Area of Splice Plate Provided = No of Splice plate required for bottom Flange * Thickness of Splice Plate of bottom
Flange Provided * (Width of bottom Splice Plate for bottom Flange - 1 * Nominal
Diameter of Bolt hole)
= **(-1*/1000)
= 0.0544 m2 OK

= +1.5
= 25.5 mm
= 1.75*
= 44.625 mm
= 2.5*
= 60 mm
200 mm
Pitch Provided Along Width = 112.5 mm
= **/1.4
= 146.50 kN
By: SLS Sheet No.
= /
= 26.31 Nos
= /
= 4.38
Rows along width/2
= **/2
= 10548 kN
length / 1.25
= **/1.25
= 16876.8 kN
= 0.134 ≤1
= (2*+*(-1))*
= 1850.000 mm
Hence net width of Top Flange = Width of Bottom Flange - No of Rows along width * (Nominal Diameter of Bolt + 1.5)
= -*(+1.5)
= 697.000 mm
Bottom Splice Plate Width = Width of Bottom Flange / 2 - Nominal Diameter of Bolt - 1
= /2--1
= 400 mm
Summary of Splice plate for Bottom Flange

(iii) Design of Splice Joint of Web Plate [ As per Clause 512.5.2 of IRC:24-2010]
Calculation of Design Shear and bending moment of web
Depth of web plate = 2.750 m

Thickness of web plate= 0.0180 m
MOI of web plate about centre line = Iw = Thickness of web plate * Depth of web plate^3 / 12
= *^3/12
= 0.0312 m4
By: SLS Sheet No.
Bending Moment taken by Web only

By: SLS Sheet No.
a) At Erection Stage
Depth of Neutral Axis from Bottom Plate = 1.225 m
MOI of Whole Section = 0.1213 m4
Design Bending Moment = Moment Due to (self weight of girder + weight of Deck Slab + Construction Load)
= +1024.560+2872.480+1051.170
= 4948 kNm
Bending moment resisted by web plate = Design Bending Moment * MOI of web plate about centre line / MOI of Whole Section
= */
= 1273 kNm
b) At Pemanent Loading on Composite Section
Design Bending Moment = Moment Due to (Dead Load + SIDL + Removal of Construction Stage Live LL + Removal of
Construction Stage Live LL)
= +352.915+988.003+-1050.000+-1050.000
= -759 kNm
= */
= -100.7 kNm
c) At transient Loading on Composite Section
Design Bending Moment = Moment Due to (Carriage way LL + Wind Load Loaded + Foot path Live Load)
= +4670.200+462.000+148.293
= 5280 kNm
= /*
= 700.3 kNm
Shear Force resisted by Web = V= 289 kN
Eccetricity of Bolt Group from splice joint = Edge Distance Provided along length + Pitch Provided Along Length + Pitch Provided
Along Length / 2
= (++/2)/1000
= 0.1625 m
Total Moment Resisted by Web alone, Mw = Bending moment resisted by web plate At Erection Stage + Bending moment resisted
by web plate At Pemanent Loading on Composite Section + Bending moment resisted by web plate At transient Loading on
Composite Section + Shear Force resisted by Web * Eccetricity of Bolt Group from splice joint
= +++*
= 1919.6 kNm
Details of High Strength Friction Grip Bolt

Nominal diameter of Bolt Hole ɸ = Nominal Diameter of Bolt + 1.5 mm
= +1.5
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 25.5 mm
By: SLS Sheet No.
Minimum Edge Distance = 1.75 x ɸ = 1.75*

= 44.6 mm
Edge Distance provided along length and width = 50.0 mm

Min of 12 x splice thickness = 12* = 144 mm
200 mm
Pitch Provided in the horizontal direction = 75 mm
= **/1.4
= 146.50 kN
Design for Combined Moment and Shear
Thickness of Plate = 12.0 mm

Clearance of Moment Plate from Flange plate = 65.0 mm
Depth of web plate, d = 2750.0 mm
Lever Arm between CG of Tension and Compression Plate, d1 = Depth of web plate - 2 * Clearance of Moment Plate
from Flange plate
= -2*
= 2620.0 mm (ds)
Ultimate steel Bending stress at Service stage, σb = 330.68 N/mm2
No of Bolt in Vertical Column = n1 = 20 Nos
Area of Splice Plate required, As = Mw d / σb d1 2
= *10^6*/(*^2)
= 2326 mm2
Thickness of Moment Plate, t1 required = As / 2(ds - n1 ɸ)
= /(2*(-*))
= 0.55 mm
Average Shear Stress, ꚍva = 153.59 N/mm2
Thickness of shear plate required, t2 = V / (2 * d1 * ꚍva)
= *1000/(2**)
= 0.36 mm
Total Thickness required = t1 + t2
=+
= 0.91 mm Hence OK
Horizontal Force Due to Moment, H = σb *As
= */1000
= 769.0 kN
Horizontal Force Due to Shear = 289 kN
Total Shear Force = Horizontal Force Due to Moment + Horizontal Force Due to Shear
= +
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 1058.0 kN
By: SLS Sheet No.
No of Bolt in Column Required = D300 / (3 * H269)

= /(3*)
= 2.4 Nos
Provide No of Bolts in Column = 15 Nos
Provide Edge Distance= 50 mm
Pitch in vertical Direction provided = 125 mm OK
< 12t = 144 mm
> 2.5 dia of Bolt = 60 mm
Width of Shear plate provided = (Edge Distance provided along width + 2 * Pitch Provided in the horizontal direction + Edge
Distance provided along width) * 2
= (+2*+)*2
= 500 mm
Hence Provide 2620 mm long 500 mm Wide 12 mm thick splice plate.
Web splice Plate on either side of Web
Design Shear strength of Bolt at splice location, Vdf = No of Rows along width * No of Bolts in Column * Permissible
shear capacity of each bolt
= **
= 13185 kN
Design tension strength of bolt, Tdf = Minimum Permissible bolt tension * No of Bolts in Column * (No of Rows along
width / 2) / 1.25
= **(/2)/1.25
= 10548.0 kN
Design tension Force Applied = 0.0 kN = Tf
As per Clause 512.6.5 of IRC 24-2010,
= 0.000 < 1 Hence OK
By: SLS Sheet No.

13 Design of Splice Joint
B Inner Girder
(i) Design of Splice Joint of Top Flange Plate [As per Clause 512.5.2 of IRC:24-2010]
Width of Top Flange = b= 550 mm

Cross Sectional Area of Top Flange = Aft1, Max = 0.0176 m2
Cross Sectional Area of Top Flange = Aft1, Min = 0.0143 m2
Splice Cover Plate Required = 1.05 * Aft1, Max
= 1.05*
= 0.0185 m2
Maximum Compressive Stress at Top = 124.30 N/mm2
Compressive Force in Top Flange Plate = Maximum Compressive Stress at Top * Aft1, Max
= **1000
= 2187.720227 KN
= 2406.5 KN
= 0.8**()*1000
= 2773.2 KN
= 2773.16 KN
= //1000
= 0.0115 m2
No of Splice plate required for Top Flange = 2.0 Nos
Width of Top Splice Plate for Top Flange = 0.550 m
By: SLS Sheet No.
Width of Bottom Splice Plate for Top Flange = 0.250 m

By: SLS Sheet No.
Thickness of Splice Plate of Top Flange required =

Top Splice Plate for Top Flange / 2
= //2
= 0.010 m
Thickness of Splice Plate of Top Flange Provided = 0.018 m
Area of Splice Plate Provided = No of Splice plate required for Top Flange * Thickness of Splice Plate of Top Flange
Provided * (Width of Top Splice Plate for Top Flange - 1 * Nominal Diameter of Bolt
hole)
= **(-1*/1000)
= 0.0189 m2 OK

= +1.5
= 25.5 mm
= 1.75*
= 44.625 mm
= 2.5*
= 60 mm
200 mm
Pitch Provided Along Width = 100 mm
= **/1.4
= 146.50 kN
= /
= 18.93 Nos
= /
= 4.73
By: SLS Sheet No.
Rows along width/2
= **/2
= 7032 kN
length / 1.25
= **/1.25
= 11251.2 kN
= 0.117 ≤1
= (2*+*(-1))*
= 1850.000 mm
Hence net width of Top Flange = Width of Top Flange - No of Rows along width * (Nominal Diameter of Bolt + 1.5)
= -*(+1.5)
= 448.000 mm
Bottom Splice Plate Width = Width of Top Flange / 2 - Nominal Diameter of Bolt - 2
= /2--2
= 249 mm
Summary of Splice plate for Top Flange

(ii) Design of Slice Joint of Bottom Flange Plate [As per Clause 512.5.2 of IRC:24-2010]
Width of Bottom Flange, b = 850 mm

Cross Sectional Area of Bottom Flange = Afb1, Max = 0.0306 m2
Cross Sectional Area of Bottom Flange = Afb1, Min = 0.0175 m2
Splice Cover Plate Required = 1.05 * Afb1, Max
= 1.05*
= 0.03213 m2
Maximum Tensile Stress at Bottom = 114.503 N/mm2
Compressive Force in Bottom Flange Plate = Maximum Tensile Stress at Bottom * Afb1, Max
= **1000
= 3503.782 KN
= 3854.2 KN
= 0.8**()*10^3
= 3386.0 KN
By: SLS Sheet No.

By: SLS Sheet No.

= 3854.16 KN
= //1000
= 0.0159 m2
No of Splice plate required for bottom Flange = 3.0 Nos
Width of bottom Splice Plate for bottom Flange = 0.850 m
Width of top Splice Plate for bottom Flange = 0.325 m
Thickness of Splice Plate of bottom Flange required=
bottom Splice Plate for bottom Flange / 2
= /2/
= 0.009 m
Thickness of Splice Plate of bottom Flange Provided= 0.022 m
Area of Splice Plate Provided = No of Splice plate required for bottom Flange * Thickness of Splice Plate of bottom
Flange Provided * (Width of bottom Splice Plate for bottom Flange - 1 * Nominal
Diameter of Bolt hole)
= **(-1*/1000)
= 0.0544 m2 OK

= +1.5
= 25.5 mm
= 1.75*
= 44.625 mm
= 2.5*
= 60 mm
200 mm
Pitch Provided Along Width = 112.5 mm
= **/1.4
= 146.50 kN
By: SLS Sheet No.
= /
= 26.31 Nos
= /
= 4.38
Rows along width/2
= **/2
= 10548 kN
length / 1.25
= **/1.25
= 16876.8 kN
= 0.134 ≤1
= (2*+*(-1))*
= 1850.000 mm
Hence net width of Top Flange = Width of Bottom Flange - No of Rows along width * (Nominal Diameter of Bolt + 1.5)
= -*(+1.5)
= 697.000 mm
Bottom Splice Plate Width = Width of Bottom Flange / 2 - Nominal Diameter of Bolt - 1
= /2--1
= 400 mm
Summary of Splice plate for Bottom Flange

(iii) Design of Splice Joint of Web Plate [ As per Clause 512.5.2 of IRC:24-2010]
Calculation of Design Shear and bending moment of web
Depth of web plate = 2.750 m

Thickness of web plate= 0.0180 m
MOI of web plate about centre line = Iw = Thickness of web plate * Depth of web plate^3 / 12
= *^3/12
= 0.0312 m4
By: SLS Sheet No.
Bending Moment taken by Web only

By: SLS Sheet No.
a) At Erection Stage
Design Bending Moment = Moment Due to (self weight of girder + weight of Deck Slab + Construction Load)
= +1024.560+2872.480+1051.170
= 4948 kNm
= */
= 1273 kNm
b) At Pemanent Loading on Composite Section
Design Bending Moment = Moment Due to (Dead Load + SIDL + Removal of Construction Stage Live LL + Removal of
Construction Stage Live LL)
= +352.915+988.003+-1050.000+-1050.000
= -759 kNm
= */
= -100.7 kNm
c) At transient Loading on Composite Section
Design Bending Moment = Moment Due to (Carriage way LL + Wind Load Loaded + Foot path Live Load)
= +4670.200+462.000+148.293
= 5280 kNm
= /*
= 700.3 kNm
Shear Force resisted by Web = V= 289 kN
Eccetricity of Bolt Group from splice joint = Edge Distance Provided along length + Pitch Provided Along Length + Pitch Provided
Along Length / 2
= (++/2)/1000
= 0.1625 m
Total Moment Resisted by Web alone, Mw = Bending moment resisted by web plate At Erection Stage + Bending moment resisted
by web plate At Pemanent Loading on Composite Section + Bending moment resisted by web plate At transient Loading on
Composite Section + Shear Force resisted by Web * Eccetricity of Bolt Group from splice joint
= +++*
= 1919.6 kNm
Details of High Strength Friction Grip Bolt

Nominal diameter of Bolt Hole ɸ = Nominal Diameter of Bolt + 1.5 mm
= +1.5
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 25.5 mm
By: SLS Sheet No.
Minimum Edge Distance = 1.75 x ɸ = 1.75*

= 44.6 mm
Edge Distance provided along length and width = 50.0 mm

Min of 12 x splice thickness = 12* = 144 mm
200 mm
Pitch Provided in the horizontal direction = 75 mm
= **/1.4
= 146.50 kN
Design for Combined Moment and Shear
Thickness of Plate = 12.0 mm

Clearance of Moment Plate from Flange plate = 65.0 mm
Depth of web plate, d = 2750.0 mm
Lever Arm between CG of Tension and Compression Plate, d1 = Depth of web plate - 2 * Clearance of Moment Plate
from Flange plate
= -2*
= 2620.0 mm (ds)
Ultimate steel Bending stress at Service stage, σb = 330.68 N/mm2
No of Bolt in Vertical Column = n1 = 20 Nos
Area of Splice Plate required, As = Mw d / σb d1 2
= *10^6*/(*^2)
= 2326 mm2
Thickness of Moment Plate, t1 required = As / 2(ds - n1 ɸ)
= /(2*(-*))
= 0.55 mm
Average Shear Stress, ꚍva = 153.59 N/mm2
Thickness of shear plate required, t2 = V / (2 * d1 * ꚍva)
= *1000/(2**)
= 0.36 mm
Total Thickness required = t1 + t2
=+
= 0.91 mm Hence OK
Horizontal Force Due to Moment, H = σb *As
= */1000
= 769.0 kN
Horizontal Force Due to Shear = 289 kN
Total Shear Force = Horizontal Force Due to Moment + Horizontal Force Due to Shear
= +
By: SLS Sheet No.
= 1058.0 kN
By: SLS Sheet No.
No of Bolt in Column Required = D300 / (3 * H269)

= /(3*)
= 2.4 Nos
Provide No of Bolts in Column = 15 Nos
Provide Edge Distance= 50 mm
Pitch in vertical Direction provided = 125 mm OK
< 12t = 144 mm
> 2.5 dia of Bolt = 60 mm
Width of Shear plate provided = (Edge Distance provided along width + 2 * Pitch Provided in the horizontal direction + Edge
Distance provided along width) * 2
= (+2*+)*2
= 500 mm
Hence Provide 2620 mm long 500 mm Wide 12 mm thick splice plate.
Web splice Plate on either side of Web
Design Shear strength of Bolt at splice location, Vdf = No of Rows along width * No of Bolts in Column * Permissible
shear capacity of each bolt
= **
= 13185 kN
Design tension strength of bolt, Tdf = Minimum Permissible bolt tension * No of Bolts in Column * (No of Rows along
width / 2) / 1.25
= **(/2)/1.25
= 10548.0 kN
Design tension Force Applied = 0.0 kN = Tf
As per Clause 512.6.5 of IRC 24-2010,
= 0.000 < 1 Hence OK
By: SLS Sheet No.

14 Design of Connection Between Deck Slab and Outer Girder
[As per Clause No. 606 of IRC :22-2008]
Calculation of Longitudinal shear at junction of deck slab and girder
(i) For Transient Load acting on Composite Section
Horizontal Shear at Junction of deck slab and Girder, H = ∑VxAfxY/I

Maximum Shear in Steel Section Due to Live Load = 158.151 kN = V
Minimum Shear in Steel Section Due to Live Load = 0 kN
Range of Shear in Steel Section due to Live Load, V2 = (Maximum - Minimum) Shear in Steel Section Due to Live Load
= -
= 158.151 kN
Cross Sectional area of effective deck section, Af2 = Area of (Deck Slab + Triangular portion Deck + Rectangular Portion Deck)
= 0.1000000+0.0013333+0.0073333
= 0.109 m2
Moment of Inertia about Major Axis, I = 0.104 m4
CG of Slab from top of composite Girder = 0.1388 m
CG of Slab from CG of composite Girder, Y = Yts of Composite Section for short Term Modular Ratio - CG of Slab from top of
composite Girder
= 0.85 m
Horizontal Shear Force, H = **/
= 141.4 kN/m
Ultimate Static Strength of Shear Connector (Qu):
Qu per Connector form Table 7 of IRC:22-2008 = 95.00 kN
No of Connector in single Plane = 4.00 Nos
∑Qu = Qu per Connector * No of Connector in single Plane
= *
= 380.00 kN
Spacing of Shear Connector required = ∑Qu / H
= *1000/
= 2688 mm
Design of Shear Connector (H.T. STUD CONNECTOR)
474 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Shear connector has been designed from the consideration of fatigue strength of connector and ultimate flexural strength of the
composite section. Stud type shear connector is used here.
Diameter of Stud used = 20 mm
475 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Minimum Height of Stud required = Maximum of (4 * Diameter of Stud used) and 100 mm
= MAX(4*,100)
= 100 mm
Height of Stud Provided = 100 mm
Number of Stud provided in one row horizontally = 4.0 Nos
Minimum clear edge distance of Stud = 35 mm
Centre to centre distance between Studs = 120 mm (transversely)
Characteristics strength of concrete [fck] = 40 N/mm2 (of deck slab)
1. Design from Fatigue consideration
Safe Shear resistance of shear connector set = 33.000 kN (in 1 m) (Table 8 of IRC:22-2008)
[Q = 5 x 10^5 cycles]
Design Shear force from fatigue consideration = 141.38 kN
Spacing of shear connector required = Safe Shear resistance of shear connector set * 1000 mm / Design
Shear force from fatigue consideration
= *1000/
= 233.41 mm
2. Design from Flexural consideration
The maximum longitudinal force due to bending is to be calculated over the shear span from from zero moment to maximum
moment section and is given by smaller of Aslfy10-3/ϒm and H2 = 0.36fckAec10-3kN
Cross Sectional Area of Tensile Flange = 30600.00 mm2/m

Effective area of concrete slab = Spacing of longitudinal girder * Thickness of Deck Slab * 10^6
= 3.000*0.250*10^6
= 750000 mm2/m
As per Clause 606.4.1.1 of IRC:22-2008,
Design shear force from flexural consideration = Minimum of (0.36 * fck * Effective area of concrete slab) and
(Cross Sectional Area of Tensile Flange * Maximum guranteed
Yeild Stress)
= MIN(0.36**/1000,*390/10^3)
= 10800.00 kN
Ultimate static strength of connecter in one row = Number of Stud provided in one row horizontally * Qu per
Connector form Table 7 of IRC:22-2008
476 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
=*
= 380.00 kN
477 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Spacing of shear connector required = Design Shear force from fatigue consideration * 1000 / Ultimate
static strength of connecter in one row
= *1000/
= 372.05 mm
Spacing of shear connector required from design consideration (Clause No 606.9 of IRC :22-2008)
= 21*(0.028*1000)*(250/390)^0.5
= 470.78 mm
Maximum spacing of shear connector = 233.41 mm
Spacing of connecter provided = 200.00 mm
Longitunal Shear Capacity of Connector =
5 * 4 * 4 * Qu per Connector form Table 7 of IRC:22-2008
= 5*4*4*
= 7600.00 kN
Hence required 4 x 20 Dia Stud of 100 mm height @ 200 mm c/c as shear connector.
3. Design for Transverse Shear (CL-606.10 of irc-22-2008)
Shear plane
n= 4.00
L= ++(/2)++(/2)++
= 410 mm
VL = 0.632L(fck)0.5
= 0.632*^0.5*
= 1638.8 kN
VL = 0.232 * L * fck + 0.1 * Ast * fst * n where fst = 0.87fy
= 0.232**+0.1*PI()/4*(10 dia/10)^2*(0.87*Fe 500)*
= 3941.5 kN
478 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.

15 Design of Connection Between Deck Slab and Inner Girder
[As per Clause No. 606 of IRC :22-2008]
Calculation of Longitudinal shear at junction of deck slab and girder
(i) For Transient Load acting on Composite Section
Horizontal Shear at Junction of deck slab and Girder, H = ∑VxAfxY/I

Maximum Shear in Steel Section Due to Live Load = 158.151 kN = V
Minimum Shear in Steel Section Due to Live Load = 0 kN
Range of Shear in Steel Section due to Live Load, V2 = (Maximum - Minimum) Shear in Steel Section Due to Live Load
= -
= 158.151 kN
Cross Sectional area of effective deck section, Af2 = Area of (Deck Slab + Triangular portion Deck + Rectangular Portion Deck)
= 0.1000000+0.0013333+0.0073333
= 0.109 m2
Moment of Inertia about Major Axis, I = 0.104 m4
CG of Slab from top of composite Girder = 0.1388 m
CG of Slab from CG of composite Girder, Y = Yts of Composite Section for short Term Modular Ratio - CG of Slab from top of
composite Girder
= 0.85 m
Horizontal Shear Force, H = **/
= 141.4 kN/m
Ultimate Static Strength of Shear Connector (Qu):
Qu per Connector form Table 7 of IRC:22-2008 = 95.00 kN
No of Connector in single Plane = 4.00 Nos
∑Qu = Qu per Connector * No of Connector in single Plane
= *
= 380.00 kN
Spacing of Shear Connector required = ∑Qu / H
= *1000/
= 2688 mm
Design of Shear Connector (H.T. STUD CONNECTOR)
479 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Shear connector has been designed from the consideration of fatigue strength of connector and ultimate flexural strength of the
composite section. Stud type shear connector is used here.
Diameter of Stud used = 20 mm
480 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Minimum Height of Stud required = Maximum of (4 * Diameter of Stud used) and 100 mm
= MAX(4*,100)
= 100 mm
Height of Stud Provided = 100 mm
Number of Stud provided in one row horizontally = 4.0 Nos
Minimum clear edge distance of Stud = 35 mm
Centre to centre distance between Studs = 120 mm (transversely)
Characteristics strength of concrete [fck] = 40 N/mm2 (of deck slab)
1. Design from Fatigue consideration
Safe Shear resistance of shear connector set = 33.000 kN (in 1 m) (Table 8 of IRC:22-2008)
[Q = 5 x 10^5 cycles]
Design Shear force from fatigue consideration = 141.38 kN
Spacing of shear connector required = Safe Shear resistance of shear connector set * 1000 mm / Design
Shear force from fatigue consideration
= *1000/
= 233.41 mm
2. Design from Flexural consideration
The maximum longitudinal force due to bending is to be calculated over the shear span from from zero moment to maximum
moment section and is given by smaller of Aslfy10-3/ϒm and H2 = 0.36fckAec10-3kN
Cross Sectional Area of Tensile Flange = 30600.00 mm2/m

Effective area of concrete slab = Spacing of longitudinal girder * Thickness of Deck Slab * 10^6
= 3.000*0.250*10^6
= 750000 mm2/m
As per Clause 606.4.1.1 of IRC:22-2008,
Design shear force from flexural consideration = Minimum of (0.36 * fck * Effective area of concrete slab) and
(Cross Sectional Area of Tensile Flange * Maximum guranteed
Yeild Stress)
= MIN(0.36**/1000,*390/10^3)
= 10800.00 kN
Ultimate static strength of connecter in one row = Number of Stud provided in one row horizontally * Qu per
Connector form Table 7 of IRC:22-2008
481 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
=*
= 380.00 kN
482 of 493
By: SLS Sheet No.
Spacing of shear connector required = Design Shear force from fatigue consideration * 1000 / Ultimate
static strength of connecter in one row
= *1000/
= 372.05 mm
Spacing of shear connector required from design consideration (Clause No 606.9 of IRC :22-2008)
= 21*(0.028*1000)*(250/390)^0.5
= 470.78 mm
Maximum spacing of shear connector = 233.41 mm
Spacing of connecter provided = 200.00 mm
Longitunal Shear Capacity of Connector =
5 * 4 * 4 * Qu per Connector form Table 7 of IRC:22-2008
= 5*4*4*
= 7600.00 kN
Hence required 4 x 20 Dia Stud of 100 mm height @ 200 mm c/c as shear connector.
3. Design for Transverse Shear (CL-606.10 of irc-22-2008)
Shear plane
n= 4.00
L= ++(/2)++(/2)++
= 410 mm
VL = 0.632L(fck)0.5
= 0.632*^0.5*
= 1638.8 kN
VL = 0.232 * L * fck + 0.1 * Ast * fst * n where fst = 0.87fy
= 0.232**+0.1*PI()/4*(10 dia/10)^2*(0.87*Fe 500)*
= 3941.5 kN
483 of 493
11.0 Staad Analysis
1.500 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
3.000
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
3.000 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57
3.000 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76
1.500
77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95
96
1 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104
30.00 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 1 112 11311
1.875 1.875
Node No & Dimensions
Y X
Z Load 1
484 of 493
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
109114 119 124 129 134 139 144 149 154 159 164 169 174 179 184 189 194199
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
110115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185 190 195200
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
111116 121 126 131 136 141 146 151 156 161 166 171 176 181 186 191 196201
55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72
112117 122 127 132 137 142 147 152 157 162 167 172 177 182 187 192 197202
73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
113118 123 128 133 138 143 148 153 158 163 168 173 178 183 188 193 198203
91 92 Member
93 94No 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108
Y X
Z Load 1
485 of 493
11.1 Analysis of Girder
STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 28-jan-09
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 1 0 0; 3 2.656 0 0; 4 4.313 0 0; 5 5.969 0 0; 6 7.625 0 0;
7 9.281 0 0; 8 10.938 0 0; 9 12.594 0 0; 10 14.25 0 0; 11 15.906 0 0;
12 17.563 0 0; 13 19.219 0 0; 14 20.875 0 0; 15 22.531 0 0; 16 24.188 0 0;
17 25.844 0 0; 18 27.5 0 0; 19 28.5 0 0; 20 0 0 1.5; 21 1 0 1.5;
22 2.656 0 1.5; 23 4.313 0 1.5; 24 5.969 0 1.5; 25 7.625 0 1.5; 26 9.281 0 1.5;
27 10.938 0 1.5; 28 12.594 0 1.5; 29 14.25 0 1.5; 30 15.906 0 1.5;
31 17.563 0 1.5; 32 19.219 0 1.5; 33 20.875 0 1.5; 34 22.531 0 1.5;
35 24.188 0 1.5; 36 25.844 0 1.5; 37 27.5 0 1.5; 38 28.5 0 1.5; 39 0 0 4.5;
40 1 0 4.5; 41 2.656 0 4.5; 42 4.313 0 4.5; 43 5.969 0 4.5; 44 7.625 0 4.5;
45 9.281 0 4.5; 46 10.938 0 4.5; 47 12.594 0 4.5; 48 14.25 0 4.5;
49 15.906 0 4.5; 50 17.563 0 4.5; 51 19.219 0 4.5; 52 20.875 0 4.5;
53 22.531 0 4.5; 54 24.188 0 4.5; 55 25.844 0 4.5; 56 27.5 0 4.5;
57 28.5 0 4.5; 58 0 0 7.5; 59 1 0 7.5; 60 2.656 0 7.5; 61 4.313 0 7.5;
62 5.969 0 7.5; 63 7.625 0 7.5; 64 9.281 0 7.5; 65 10.938 0 7.5;
66 12.594 0 7.5; 67 14.25 0 7.5; 68 15.906 0 7.5; 69 17.563 0 7.5;
70 19.219 0 7.5; 71 20.875 0 7.5; 72 22.531 0 7.5; 73 24.188 0 7.5;
74 25.844 0 7.5; 75 27.5 0 7.5; 76 28.5 0 7.5; 77 0 0 10.5; 78 1 0 10.5;
79 2.656 0 10.5; 80 4.313 0 10.5; 81 5.969 0 10.5; 82 7.625 0 10.5;
83 9.281 0 10.5; 84 10.938 0 10.5; 85 12.594 0 10.5; 86 14.25 0 10.5;
87 15.906 0 10.5; 88 17.563 0 10.5; 89 19.219 0 10.5; 90 20.875 0 10.5;
91 22.531 0 10.5; 92 24.188 0 10.5; 93 25.844 0 10.5; 94 27.5 0 10.5;
95 28.5 0 10.5; 96 0 0 12; 97 1 0 12; 98 2.656 0 12; 99 4.313 0 12;
100 5.969 0 12; 101 7.625 0 12; 102 9.281 0 12; 103 10.938 0 12;
104 12.594 0 12; 105 14.25 0 12; 106 15.906 0 12; 107 17.563 0 12;
108 19.219 0 12; 109 20.875 0 12; 110 22.531 0 12; 111 24.188 0 12;
112 25.844 0 12; 113 27.5 0 12; 114 28.5 0 12;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 7 7 8; 8 8 9; 9 9 10; 10 10 11;
11 11 12; 12 12 13; 13 13 14; 14 14 15; 15 15 16; 16 16 17; 17 17 18; 18 18 19;
19 20 21; 20 21 22; 21 22 23; 22 23 24; 23 24 25; 24 25 26; 25 26 27; 26 27 28;
27 28 29; 28 29 30; 29 30 31; 30 31 32; 31 32 33; 32 33 34; 33 34 35; 34 35 36;
35 36 37; 36 37 38; 37 39 40; 38 40 41; 39 41 42; 40 42 43; 41 43 44; 42 44 45;
43 45 46; 44 46 47; 45 47 48; 46 48 49; 47 49 50; 48 50 51; 49 51 52; 50 52 53;
51 53 54; 52 54 55; 53 55 56; 54 56 57; 55 58 59; 56 59 60; 57 60 61; 58 61 62;
59 62 63; 60 63 64; 61 64 65; 62 65 66; 63 66 67; 64 67 68; 65 68 69; 66 69 70;
67 70 71; 68 71 72; 69 72 73; 70 73 74; 71 74 75; 72 75 76; 73 77 78; 74 78 79;
75 79 80; 76 80 81; 77 81 82; 78 82 83; 79 83 84; 80 84 85; 81 85 86; 82 86 87;
83 87 88; 84 88 89; 85 89 90; 86 90 91; 87 91 92; 88 92 93; 89 93 94; 90 94 95;
91 96 97; 92 97 98; 93 98 99; 94 99 100; 95 100 101; 96 101 102; 97 102 103;
98 103 104; 99 104 105; 100 105 106; 101 106 107; 102 107 108; 103 108 109;
104 109 110; 105 110 111; 106 111 112; 107 112 113; 108 113 114; 109 1 20;
110 20 39; 111 39 58; 112 58 77; 113 77 96; 114 2 21; 115 21 40; 116 40 59;
117 59 78; 118 78 97; 119 3 22; 120 22 41; 121 41 60; 122 60 79; 123 79 98;
124 4 23; 125 23 42; 126 42 61; 127 61 80; 128 80 99; 129 5 24; 130 24 43;
131 43 62; 132 62 81; 133 81 100; 134 6 25; 135 25 44; 136 44 63; 137 63 82;
138 82 101; 139 7 26; 140 26 45; 141 45 64; 142 64 83; 143 83 102; 144 8 27;
145 27 46; 146 46 65; 147 65 84; 148 84 103; 149 9 28; 150 28 47; 151 47 66;
152 66 85; 153 85 104; 154 10 29; 155 29 48; 156 48 67; 157 67 86; 158 86 105;
159 11 30; 160 30 49; 161 49 68; 162 68 87; 163 87 106; 164 12 31; 165 31 50;
166 50 69; 167 69 88; 168 88 107; 169 13 32; 170 32 51; 171 51 70; 172 70 89;
173 89 108; 174 14 33; 175 33 52; 176 52 71; 177 71 90; 178 90 109; 179 15 34;
180 34 53; 181 53 72; 182 72 91; 183 91 110; 184 16 35; 185 35 54; 186 54 73;
187 73 92; 188 92 111; 189 17 36; 190 36 55; 191 55 74; 192 74 93; 193 93 112;
194 18 37; 195 37 56; 196 56 75; 197 75 94; 198 94 113; 199 19 38; 200 38 57;
201 57 76; 202 76 95; 203 95 114;
486 of 493
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 3.4313e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 25
ALPHA 5.5e-006
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY INDIAN
19 20 35 TO 38 53 TO 56 71 TO 74 89 90 PRIS AX 2 IX 0.123 IY 0.587 IZ 0.808
21 34 39 52 57 70 75 88 PRIS AX 1.781 IX 0.056 IY 0.562 IZ 0.742
22 TO 33 40 TO 51 58 TO 69 76 TO 87 PRIS AX 1.583 IX 0.036 IY 0.554 IZ 0.686
1 TO 18 91 TO 108 PRIS YD 0.225 ZD 0.2
109 TO 113 199 TO 203 PRIS YD 0.4 ZD 0.4
114 118 194 198 PRIS YD 0.225 ZD 1.241
119 TO 154 158 TO 193 PRIS YD 0.225 ZD 1.681
115 TO 117 195 TO 197 PRIS AX 1.224 IX 0.09 IY 0.075 IZ 0.371
155 TO 157 PRIS AX 0.851 IX 0.018 IY 0.093 IZ 0.269
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS
21 37 40 56 59 75 78 94 FIXED BUT MX MY MZ
DEFINE MOVING LOAD
TYPE 1 LOAD 77 77 77 77 77
DIST 0.914 0.914 0.914 0.914 WID 2.06
*70R Wheeled LOADING
TYPE 2 LOAD 45.47 68.21 68.21 96.63 96.63 96.63 96.63
DIST 3.96 1.52 2.13 1.37 3.05 1.37 WID 1.93
*CLASS-A LOADING
TYPE 3 LOAD 15.35 15.35 64.8 64.8 38.65 38.65 38.65 38.65
DIST 1.1 3.2 1.2 4.3 3 3 3 WID 1.8
LOAD 1 REMOVAL OF SHUTERING
MEMBER LOAD
19 TO 36 73 TO 90 UNI GY 6.5
37 TO 72 UNI GY 6.5
***************************
LOAD 2 SIDL
MEMBER LOAD
19 TO 36 UNI GY -7.5 0 0 -1.265
19 TO 36 UNI GY -5.5 0 0 0.25
37 TO 72 UNI GY -6.6
73 TO 90 UNI GY -7.5 0 0 -0.735
73 TO 90 UNI GY -1.1 0 0 -1.25
73 TO 90 UNI GY -3.3 0 0 0.25
73 TO 90 UNI GY -7 0 0 1.25
*******************************
LOAD 3 FOOTPATH LL
MEMBER LOAD
73 TO 90 UNI GY -6.21 0 0 0.25
***************************************
LOAD 4 WIND LOAD
MEMBER LOAD
19 TO 36 73 TO 90 UNI GY 6.35
37 TO 72 UNI GY 6.35
***********************************
LOAD 5 WIND LOAD
MEMBER LOAD
19 TO 36 73 TO 90 UNI GY -3.29
37 TO 72 UNI GY -3.29
************************************
LOAD 6 SNOW LOAD
MEMBER LOAD
19 TO 90 UNI GY -7.5
487 of 493
*********************************
LOAD 7 SNOW LOAD
MEMBER LOAD
19 TO 90 UNI GY -15
*********************************
*ONE LANE 70R TRACKED + SNOW LOAD
LOAD GENERATION 70 ADD LOAD 7
TYPE 1 -1.828 0 4.18 XINC 0.5
TYPE 1 -1.828 0 5.53 XINC 0.5
TYPE 1 -1.828 0 7.88 XINC 0.5
**********************************
*ONE LANE 70R WHEELED + SNOW LOAD
TYPE 2 -7.61 0 4.06 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -7.61 0 5.465 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -7.61 0 7.87 XINC 0.5
********************************
*TWO LANE CLASS-A + SNOW LOAD
TYPE 3 -18.8 0 2.7 XINC 0.5
TYPE 3 -18.8 0 6.2 XINC 0.5
TYPE 3 -18.8 0 5.6 XINC 0.5
TYPE 3 -18.8 0 9.1 XINC 0.5
*ONE LANE CLASS-A + SNOW LOAD
TYPE 3 -18.8 0 2.7 XINC 0.5
TYPE 3 -18.8 0 9.1 XINC 0.5
PERFORM ANALYSIS
FINISH
11.1.1 Support Reaction for SIDL

Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment
Node L/C Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kNm My kNm Mz kNm
21 2 SIDL 0 184.323 0 0 0 0
37 2 SIDL 0 184.323 0 0 0 0
40 2 SIDL 0 92.878 0 0 0 0
56 2 SIDL 0 92.878 0 0 0 0
59 2 SIDL 0 124.944 0 0 0 0
75 2 SIDL 0 124.944 0 0 0 0
78 2 SIDL 0 240.53 0 0 0 0
94 2 SIDL 0 240.53 0 0 0 0
11.1.2 Support Reaction for Footpath Live load

21 3 FOOTPA 0 -10.903 0 0 0 0
37 3 FOOTPA 0 -10.902 0 0 0 0
40 3 FOOTPA 0 8.785 0 0 0 0
56 3 FOOTPA 0 8.785 0 0 0 0
59 3 FOOTPA 0 7.764 0 0 0 0
75 3 FOOTPA 0 7.764 0 0 0 0
78 3 FOOTPA 0 82.847 0 0 0 0
94 3 FOOTPA 0 82.846 0 0 0 0
488 of 493
11.1.3 Support Reaction for Wind load of Unloaded structure
21 4 WIND L 0 -90.5 0 0 0 0
37 4 WIND L 0 -90.5 0 0 0 0
40 4 WIND L 0 -90.475 0 0 0 0
56 4 WIND L 0 -90.475 0 0 0 0
59 4 WIND L 0 -90.475 0 0 0 0
75 4 WIND L 0 -90.475 0 0 0 0
78 4 WIND L 0 -90.5 0 0 0 0
94 4 WIND L 0 -90.5 0 0 0 0
11.1.4 Support Reaction for Wind load of loaded structure

21 5 WIND L 0 46.889 0 0 0 0
37 5 WIND L 0 46.889 0 0 0 0
40 5 WIND L 0 46.876 0 0 0 0
56 5 WIND L 0 46.876 0 0 0 0
59 5 WIND L 0 46.876 0 0 0 0
75 5 WIND L 0 46.876 0 0 0 0
78 5 WIND L 0 46.889 0 0 0 0
94 5 WIND L 0 46.889 0 0 0 0
11.1.5 Support Reaction for Live load

Node Env Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kNm My kNm Mz kNm
21 +ve 0 525.209 0 0 0 0
- 517 LOAD - - - -
21 -ve 0 0 0 0 0 0
- - - - - -
37 +ve 0 530.173 0 0 0 0
- 263 LOAD - - - -
37 -ve 0 0 0 0 0 0
- - - - - -
40 +ve 0 801.525 0 0 0 0
- 82 LOAD G- - - -
40 -ve 0 0 0 0 0 0
- - - - - -
56 +ve 0 801.525 0 0 0 0
- 131 LOAD - - - -
56 -ve 0 0 0 0 0 0
- - - - - -
59 +ve 0 751.004 0 0 0 0
- 152 LOAD - - - -
59 -ve 0 0 0 0 0 0
- - - - - -
75 +ve 0 751.004 0 0 0 0
- 201 LOAD - - - -
75 -ve 0 0 0 0 0 0
- - - - - -
78 +ve 0 328.728 0 0 0 0
- 176 LOAD - - - -
78 -ve 0 0 0 0 0 0
- - - - - -
94 +ve 0 328.728 0 0 0 0
489 of 493
- 177 LOAD - - - -
94 -ve 0 0 0 0 0 0
- - - - - -
11.2 Analysis of End Cross Girder
STAAD PLANE
ENGINEER DATE 11-Sep-08
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 0.75 0 0; 3 3 0 0; 4 3.75 0 0; 5 5.25 0 0; 6 6 0 0; 7 8.25 0 0;
8 9 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 7 7 8;
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 3.43e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 25
ALPHA 1.17e-005
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
CONSTANTS
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
1 TO 7 PRIS YD 1.8 ZD 0.6
SUPPORTS
2 4 5 7 FIXED BUT MX MY MZ
LOAD 1 DL
JOINT LOAD
1 8 FY -632.85
3 6 FY -658.59
LOAD 2 SIDL
JOINT LOAD
1 FY -184.32
3 FY -92.88
6 FY -124.94
8 FY -240.53
PERFORM ANALYSIS
PRINT MAXFORCE ENVELOPE LIST 1 TO 7
FINISH
11.3 Analysis of Deck slab
STAAD PLANE
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 1.5 0 0; 3 4.5 0 0; 4 7.5 0 0; 5 10.5 0 0; 6 12 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6;
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 3.4e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 25
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
CONSTANTS
490 of 493
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
1 TO 5 PRIS YD 0.225 ZD 1
SUPPORTS
2 TO 5 FIXED BUT MX MY MZ
LOAD 1 SELFWEIGHT
SELFWEIGHT Y -1
LOAD 2 SIDL
MEMBER LOAD
1 CON GY -7.5 0.235
1 UNI GY -1.43 0.5 1.5
2 3 UNI GY -1.43
4 UNI GY -1.43 0 2
4 UNI GY -1.43 2.5 3
4 CON GY -7.5 2.265
5 UNI GY -1.43 0 1
5 CON GY -7 1.25
LOAD 3 70R TRACKED LIVE LOAD
MEMBER LOAD
2 UNI GY -46.3 0.79 2.21
2 UNI GY -52.4 2.85 3
3 UNI GY -52.4 0 1.27
1 TO 5 UNI GY -5
LOAD 4 70R WHEELED LIVE LOAD
MEMBER LOAD
2 UNI GY -49.1 0.78 2.22
2 UNI GY -68.3 2.71 3.0
3 UNI GY -68.3 0 1.15
1 TO 5 UNI GY -2.5
LOAD 5 CLASS A LIVE LOAD
MEMBER LOAD
2 UNI GY -49.0 0.96 2.04
2 UNI GY -69.4 2.76 3.0
3 UNI GY -69.4 0 0.84
3 UNI GY -47.8 1.46 2.54
4 UNI GY -51.0 0.26 1.34
1 TO 5 UNI GY -2.5
PERFORM ANALYSIS
LOAD LIST ALL
PRINT MEMBER FORCES LIST 1 TO 5
FINISH
11.4 Lateral bending of end cross girder due to pin bearing

STAAD SPACE
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 0.8 0 0; 3 2.481 0 0; 4 4.163 0 0; 5 5.844 0 0; 6 7.525 0 0;
7 9.206 0 0; 8 10.888 0 0; 9 12.569 0 0; 10 14.25 0 0; 11 15.931 0 0;
12 17.613 0 0; 13 19.294 0 0; 14 20.975 0 0; 15 22.656 0 0; 16 24.338 0 0;
17 26.019 0 0; 18 27.7 0 0; 19 28.5 0 0; 20 0 0 1.5; 21 0.8 0 1.5;
22 2.481 0 1.5; 23 4.163 0 1.5; 24 5.844 0 1.5; 25 7.525 0 1.5; 26 9.206 0 1.5;
27 10.888 0 1.5; 28 12.569 0 1.5; 29 14.25 0 1.5; 30 15.931 0 1.5;
31 17.613 0 1.5; 32 19.294 0 1.5; 33 20.975 0 1.5; 34 22.656 0 1.5;
35 24.338 0 1.5; 36 26.019 0 1.5; 37 27.7 0 1.5; 38 28.5 0 1.5; 39 0 0 4.5;
40 0.8 0 4.5; 41 2.481 0 4.5; 42 4.163 0 4.5; 43 5.844 0 4.5; 44 7.525 0 4.5;
45 9.206 0 4.5; 46 10.888 0 4.5; 47 12.569 0 4.5; 48 14.25 0 4.5;
49 15.931 0 4.5; 50 17.613 0 4.5; 51 19.294 0 4.5; 52 20.975 0 4.5;
53 22.656 0 4.5; 54 24.338 0 4.5; 55 26.019 0 4.5; 56 27.7 0 4.5;
57 28.5 0 4.5; 58 0 0 7.5; 59 0.8 0 7.5; 60 2.481 0 7.5; 61 4.163 0 7.5;
491 of 493
62 5.844 0 7.5; 63 7.525 0 7.5; 64 9.206 0 7.5; 65 10.888 0 7.5;
66 12.569 0 7.5; 67 14.25 0 7.5; 68 15.931 0 7.5; 69 17.613 0 7.5;
70 19.294 0 7.5; 71 20.975 0 7.5; 72 22.656 0 7.5; 73 24.338 0 7.5;
74 26.019 0 7.5; 75 27.7 0 7.5; 76 28.5 0 7.5; 77 0 0 10.5; 78 0.8 0 10.5;
79 2.481 0 10.5; 80 4.163 0 10.5; 81 5.844 0 10.5; 82 7.525 0 10.5;
83 9.206 0 10.5; 84 10.888 0 10.5; 85 12.569 0 10.5; 86 14.25 0 10.5;
87 15.931 0 10.5; 88 17.613 0 10.5; 89 19.294 0 10.5; 90 20.975 0 10.5;
91 22.656 0 10.5; 92 24.338 0 10.5; 93 26.019 0 10.5; 94 27.7 0 10.5;
95 28.5 0 10.5; 96 0 0 12; 97 0.8 0 12; 98 2.481 0 12; 99 4.163 0 12;
100 5.844 0 12; 101 7.525 0 12; 102 9.206 0 12; 103 10.888 0 12;
104 12.569 0 12; 105 14.25 0 12; 106 15.931 0 12; 107 17.613 0 12;
108 19.294 0 12; 109 20.975 0 12; 110 22.656 0 12; 111 24.338 0 12;
112 26.019 0 12; 113 27.7 0 12; 114 28.5 0 12; 115 0.8 0 6; 116 27.7 0 6;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 7 7 8; 8 8 9; 9 9 10; 10 10 11;
11 11 12; 12 12 13; 13 13 14; 14 14 15; 15 15 16; 16 16 17; 17 17 18; 18 18 19;
19 20 21; 20 21 22; 21 22 23; 22 23 24; 23 24 25; 24 25 26; 25 26 27; 26 27 28;
27 28 29; 28 29 30; 29 30 31; 30 31 32; 31 32 33; 32 33 34; 33 34 35; 34 35 36;
35 36 37; 36 37 38; 37 39 40; 38 40 41; 39 41 42; 40 42 43; 41 43 44; 42 44 45;
43 45 46; 44 46 47; 45 47 48; 46 48 49; 47 49 50; 48 50 51; 49 51 52; 50 52 53;
51 53 54; 52 54 55; 53 55 56; 54 56 57; 55 58 59; 56 59 60; 57 60 61; 58 61 62;
59 62 63; 60 63 64; 61 64 65; 62 65 66; 63 66 67; 64 67 68; 65 68 69; 66 69 70;
67 70 71; 68 71 72; 69 72 73; 70 73 74; 71 74 75; 72 75 76; 73 77 78; 74 78 79;
75 79 80; 76 80 81; 77 81 82; 78 82 83; 79 83 84; 80 84 85; 81 85 86; 82 86 87;
83 87 88; 84 88 89; 85 89 90; 86 90 91; 87 91 92; 88 92 93; 89 93 94; 90 94 95;
91 96 97; 92 97 98; 93 98 99; 94 99 100; 95 100 101; 96 101 102; 97 102 103;
98 103 104; 99 104 105; 100 105 106; 101 106 107; 102 107 108; 103 108 109;
104 109 110; 105 110 111; 106 111 112; 107 112 113; 108 113 114; 109 1 20;
110 20 39; 111 39 58; 112 58 77; 113 77 96; 114 2 21; 115 21 40; 116 40 115;
117 59 78; 118 78 97; 119 3 22; 120 22 41; 121 41 60; 122 60 79; 123 79 98;
124 4 23; 125 23 42; 126 42 61; 127 61 80; 128 80 99; 129 5 24; 130 24 43;
131 43 62; 132 62 81; 133 81 100; 134 6 25; 135 25 44; 136 44 63; 137 63 82;
138 82 101; 139 7 26; 140 26 45; 141 45 64; 142 64 83; 143 83 102; 144 8 27;
145 27 46; 146 46 65; 147 65 84; 148 84 103; 149 9 28; 150 28 47; 151 47 66;
152 66 85; 153 85 104; 154 10 29; 155 29 48; 156 48 67; 157 67 86; 158 86 105;
159 11 30; 160 30 49; 161 49 68; 162 68 87; 163 87 106; 164 12 31; 165 31 50;
166 50 69; 167 69 88; 168 88 107; 169 13 32; 170 32 51; 171 51 70; 172 70 89;
173 89 108; 174 14 33; 175 33 52; 176 52 71; 177 71 90; 178 90 109; 179 15 34;
180 34 53; 181 53 72; 182 72 91; 183 91 110; 184 16 35; 185 35 54; 186 54 73;
187 73 92; 188 92 111; 189 17 36; 190 36 55; 191 55 74; 192 74 93; 193 93 112;
194 18 37; 195 37 56; 196 56 116; 197 75 94; 198 94 113; 199 19 38; 200 38 57;
201 57 76; 202 76 95; 203 95 114; 204 115 59; 205 116 75;
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 3.4313e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 25
ALPHA 5.5e-006
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY INDIAN
19 20 35 TO 38 53 TO 56 71 TO 74 89 90 PRIS AX 2 IX 0.123 IY 0.587 IZ 0.808
21 34 39 52 57 70 75 88 PRIS AX 1.781 IX 0.056 IY 0.562 IZ 0.742
22 TO 33 40 TO 51 58 TO 69 76 TO 87 PRIS AX 1.583 IX 0.036 IY 0.554 IZ 0.686
1 TO 18 91 TO 108 PRIS YD 0.225 ZD 0.2
109 TO 113 199 TO 203 PRIS YD 0.4 ZD 0.4
114 118 194 198 PRIS YD 0.225 ZD 1.241
119 TO 154 158 TO 193 PRIS YD 0.225 ZD 1.681
115 TO 117 195 TO 197 204 205 PRIS AX 1.224 IX 0.09 IY 0.075 IZ 0.371
155 TO 157 PRIS AX 0.851 IX 0.018 IY 0.093 IZ 0.269
CONSTANTS
SUPPORTS
492 of 493
21 37 40 56 59 75 78 94 FIXED BUT FX FZ MX MY MZ
116 FIXED BUT FY MX MY MZ
115 FIXED BUT FX FY MX MY MZ
LOAD 1 LATERAL FORCE NORMAL CASE
JOINT LOAD
37 56 75 94 FX -86.70
LOAD 2 LATERAL FORCE SEISMIC CASE
JOINT LOAD
37 56 75 94 FX -241.52
PERFORM ANALYSIS
FINISH
493 of 493

Steel Composite I Girder Bridge Design in LSM by IRC Code

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Steel Composite I Girder Bridge Design in LSM by IRC Code

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Structural Design of Steel Composite I Girder Bridge

Developed by Sukalyan Sarkar

By: SLS Sheet No.

Developed by Sukalyan Sarkar

0.2 Structure Description:

a) Grades of concrete are as follows:

a) Unit Weight of Materials:

i) Unit weight of RCC substructure & foundation = 25 kN/m3

b) Dead Load (DL):

c)Super Imposed Dead Load (SIDL):

Weight of wearing course, crash barriers have been calculated.

d) Live Load (LL):

By: SLS Sheet No.

f) Centrifugal Force (CF)

The centrifugal forces shall be determined from the following equation:

g) Earth Pressure (EP) :

Value of f for backfill= 30 deg

h) Braking Force (BF)

Braking has been calculated as per IRC: 6-2014

i) Seismic Load (EQ)

j) Wind Load (WL)

Wind Loads shall be calculated as per clause 209 of IRC: 6-2014.

k) Water current force (Fwc)

m) Load Combination (LC)

By: SLS Sheet No.

Load Combination - Ultimate limit state

1) Dead load +SIDL+Live load

Load Case DL SIDL Live load Wind load

Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)

1) Dead load +SIDL

Load Combination for frequent Combination (SL2)

1) Dead load +SIDL

By: SLS Sheet No.

Load Combination for Quasi-permanent (SL3)

1) Dead load +SIDL

0.7 Construction Methodology:

For abutment and pier location, Pile foundation shall be provided.

By: SLS Sheet No.

All steel besm shall be erected at bearing level by launcing nose a.

0.8 Reference codes & books:

By: SLS Sheet No.

Developed by Sukalyan Sarkar

Centre to centre distance of pier = 50.00 m

B Details of Cross Section

Width of carriage way = 9.00 m

C Spacing of main girders .cross girders and location of splice point

Spacing of longitudinal girder = 3.00 m

D Detail of Outer Longitudinal Steel Girder

Width of top flange at mid span = 550.00 mm

By: SLS Sheet No.

Depth of web at mid span = 2750.00 mm

By: SLS Sheet No.

Depth of web at support =

Width of bottom flange at mid span = 850.00 mm

E Detail of Inner Longitudinal Steel Girder

Width of top flange at mid span = 550.00 mm

Depth of web at mid span = 2750.00 mm

Width of bottom flange at mid span = 850.00 mm

F Details of End Cross Girder

Width of Top flange at span = 350.00 mm

By: SLS Sheet No.

Width of Bottom Flane at Mid span = 350.00 mm

By: SLS Sheet No.

G Details of Intermediate Cross Girder