A8s1nmnent

Name- Govind Shahma

Stmdatl - BTech, ME , VSemt
Section-B
Roll no 210029o4ogoo6

Characteistics o good dus

High cakosuju value, High canbam bengentaj
A
mostusre md ash content eaBily combusti ble.
Low ,

6us2) Obto é cyce md dsel cycle

D
D
As
P
P

A
anoi
V V

w3 Gsadeß Oa /n Ther mal pouwer þlmt

coal uged

Ans O Anthsacite, Bituminous bect, Ligrute

u - Po xirnate am aglysis oj jul

is gwen An tem5 Þeacentage
s Combosition od uel
mattes amel ash
ixecl cbon, moisture , atile
Bus timate Analysis od duel tesm o peosenlage
n8 composition juulis gwen n
ete.
sutbfuw nitsog en
Cabam, hdsogen ,

uG oj fue' HeV oddwl is he enthal

HCV dung
the wate (H20) fosmec durnug
Conbusfiorn wheh all H U +(Heat
pheuse. HHU
is in iquid
Combustion warey
evaposation od
Mequned do to the enkheu e
LCU od f u Hedens
ormed dwu
coate
Comuticon when a l the
fos m HHV= LHU +
comhusfan is in vabot Hect 2eqtisd odeua
ue8 Equ valmce hatio Jul-cdr
I t is tatio od actuni
(om blete
f u l a i dor
atlo to the theosuticc callec
called
eam
l em
will be
Combubtion. Fue a i mitwe uni
Ress tham
xthe when equivalonce ario is
whle das equivculence 1atto value being gseaie
mixtue.
h om unuty the mxtwre will be úch
mam unity
n resens
Stoithiometsic Aiv he onitieal amount o
to the o ais is nequured 80
Hhat
murumum amount
Combusri
pOUingSujaicient axygen joo com ptete
od Ju. o1+hevooetical
Supplied in
encess
ais
E e &8 ain- A excess
aitt ts
a i " is called.excess ait.
enesally
combustion

25o
to lo0. ensne bettes cm d comblete
t lo0 to

the
K1 Acdia batic flame Tembatune 9t attained b
unen the combubtian e a c t a n
bcduct com bustion oclia bcutic abes curian o
ia ccwiecl out in imit
imum tembescutuu,
Combustion chcm be. This is he ma
h i c corm be attained in acombustion. chm bet.

Enthalby oj foam ation I t i s a combouncl he enet

en esd
neleasecl Gn d bsosbec when (ompouncd is dosmecd om
its efements at &tndanclejsence State Enthal d
Combustisn o dil is deineol as the cuderence
blothe enthal bj °j he pooduCE and enthalbf o
e actoSNs when Comple6e com b usfion Cccwsat giveh
gLven
temp. nd peBkne.

Ain Standatol qele- Jdeal gas is Conbldeecl

ucl anc all he
brocess ane idec.
cs wosking
CongeneJation in Steam Powe Pmr congen eadion
as he
may be dejine arsCAngement o producf r t
mote tham one ABeul som eneu
Foocd
pooce s6Un Napou cycle in cludto ane chemico induBtt
de the industies
uhte steom is equised dor
dlerent 1oCeABes amcl.congen erutlon ls m ottractrive
ijgerent
w I bsoces& stcorn.
option fo getti electstcitp alon
d how o n
3) Limitaríons o cnot vapou powe cycle
m

Ram kine cycle hetp n ouencoming them.

Bheoutica
(ot not vabouw pou e cycle is merely
cycle md
Cycle cmnot be used dos a þractica wosking
asmgement. A\so the maimum icie of cooinot
maimum, and minúnum tembesatuu
cyele iimited b
in the cycte. Highest TempeYatno attainable de omck
.Jt is
lpor metall ng ical Limits ot boilen matvial
mixtuhe Which
ved dicudt tost a pumb to hmdle wët
its bhade as tts
undeqoe Sumultameous chamge in
b1es3uu nCsECIBe.

(Didd blo Boit Mountina oncd Boile AcceOries

Botier Mount ing 4 Ued das sadetg ct boller.

) wWaden level IndicatoY

0i) Fustble Plug.
411) Stop veve
ej{icien boile7,
Aecesoi eg- Used to încseAe
Boile
U) Supeheaten
UD Economiseu
n) Pi poie heate
the
It is ubecd josu kno wina
wat esn leue Inditatorg- boilet
boilet houl d
hould
wcden Aeuel
wcut e i n bollen aß
e o
not JobePow
ao aa cesturn imit. steam
10t the
J t is uction is D 1event
jeeulye - maimum bved8u
a imutung
dmom exceeein1
DeBuu automaticalt
Valwe. vave 3houId obesate
Saf ety
ex cess Jteom and bug bejuwl
ba nekecein
down Otthin afe inmi to
fustble Plug It is a
sajet
deuice ukee dor
doon
ne ventint the Revel of Water fsom going
avoid ouerh eatinge
belo Csitical boint and tnus

oo e 8auge e t s mounted at foont top. r

sec dor
Boundon tybe bness wre gauge ae being nito
PieSSUa medkw7ment . Phebs wu is continuousl- movwte
Shoo ting boilev
So 8 to avoicl occien ce od oven

ÞNeBSUU.
at the end of
I t is non netwn yalve
feed check v clue
water þump amd is piaced
detivena plbe dAom deect
boile Sheteightly belouo nomat waten Levd
on
on

19 Stop valve amd Blou odd cock

It is used dov periodicl ciedin b
lou di.cock
the wat e r em el &ediments dsom bottomg
elischesgina
bolle. Stem
fsom
s om
Tt seguletes the Jlow o

Qtob vave mounte on highest bevrt 7

he. This is geneval fuctiona s e u akina
boiler Shet0 an perdosMs
Ssom boilen.
he aiow od Steom
Jet (onde nsern SbTuA
Disect contact toe condensend-
condenge Baromebio
Condengen Swace
Concdensen Evu bosutive Condenge
in Condenge-
Soe_d Ai Leckoje -
Ais sea ks inko
cur
hsough flamg es .Some
coms
Conclensev shetl
which has been leaked into exhaust
along
along Steom
tslbtne along the dhadt.
end ot
Eddect AiLeak°Je * It ecduce hecat oreynadou
con&ide oblx. It nedu ces condenser vaccum and

tubinc exhcmst þsessue thus reclucing

nsease8
tubinc outhut.

Equwaderd Evaboration how X

Stem bes
MaS od steom in boilen)
Suþpliecd to geneate
CHeat jenesatton
fos Steom
Heat Subb.liecl
at(o0 Cbakent Heat)
a too fsom wut e

a_aood bolle
Enuist hequisanent 0d and thsOugn
n d th sough
q-t6ntortt
constot
d have
G o i l e s shoul
cisculcution oj waten.
mourtu
mourlting.
Tt sho d be equiped with a l necess c
2 to e t
Stwrted
uicef
Boile ahoutd have cababiti
fsom colel.
loox aea md Sp ce.
B o i l e shoulcd occub4 le&s

five Tube Bolle

lalates Tube Bolle
fusmce
înside the The hot gases dsom
wWate ciscukcutes the tube which
þu8ges thsough
tube hich ane sursordecl wcutet.
dsom ie suTOuNcded b
by the hot flue gases
the uwemce.
oveiall edjicienc is ony75 7.
09 It6 cuesall tdgicieny gov.,Tts
cost is les6.
Tt8 operattna
s opesating cost
high»
ExLamcashire lucomotive boe
Ekamble 9 Baebcock, lltox
Posee d Reaction
csob in movn bfa de
bladle
tempescuuse
R tnthalb- os

Cfixecl bla de +
Enthipy
tnhuby Os tem p.
os clnop in Stuqe

movin bladlt)
 SUeheattcl erl f lo Jnsuberhe ated lot the
ion
Condensation o steom dess behind& the expdm
condense at the
amd o Steam does not
to the buAU
afdsaktonn temp. cooes boncing

in tusbine
e _ d combounaina
totationcl speec
ismethocd t o educe
Comboun
comb cing
cuh ding
04 nbine to boracticat imitb.

Types Im bulse Tun bine

dyPresswe Compoun ded

Velocit 1

Reucticon Turbine
2 Imbuse Turbine
type blade
are
Phesse doop take blace Paroqile
s e d neacion tusbine.
ony in g3le
PaeAsuwne elsob take place in
2 Blade the nnel evneu is
aixecl cs wel0 as mouin
Constme
btades

30 Rojer It has no mouing bts. It A Uded t

thiL
uided -m8sle S48tema slouce vehicles use

tybe o Jet. Ful Injeetion Nog3le

Infer

Compse&son
Co mbu icm
Exhaust
w82 Peniect Jntex Coo.Qina 2 T:

Braton cyele wi Hh intercoo.ling

Plo
Phigh A

33 Probugive Powe amed Porohulkiue EHiclencg-

lijjerence by the
Atopulsue Povwer I t com be estimat ed
entsing wihcu
wih auist ond
ond
nate kinetic enevg
b the
Leaving uwi th jet odeoit gases. thsust
ejicienc- I t con be given
b aato ot
Peropulsiue
to bsobuIRve
lbowes (PP ).
Powen (TP)
Jt s poodluce d embloyina chimen.
34) Natusal Doaug kt.
Mech Dvught.
þsoduced UAnA gMs blocwt
Mech.
Dscuught
etc. a i Js C e t ordto
eu
Fored 0Tuaht Tn which high pess
to thejwrna ce,
t
Incliuitee Oocuug ht- Fm is Located ctt base og chimnej
bet below
losesbA at ful
inducec 80 Ato Hecuce
cutmos þhenic pUMUU.
Snace CordencCY
Jet Conden0est
exchamqe hroujh
39 Yn disect
Hecit

Disect contuct blo sRom metal sJUce.

w cures Cmd
Cmd Coo.ltn No miin steSRom
steum cmd
Miing o (oolngwaru
wctt e
coalinq Wate ne quirement hiqh
hWute e qul sementIe . i s mose.
Size
leos
sigestze is
36 bnaist the eRemet S t e m con den6in8 blont
due to
Eksaction Pum- Dtssolved gas aiberated wat
°
hecutA ext
atomisationn od wate va ctum am d. ext sachion
s a c n o n bur PUT
a
condeng er ustng
a e extsacted out od
towe bond fo
Coalina wat er fsom coalin g
C0Ount Pump bond i
to cooina tow
Cond en &er md trom condeng e
bump.
cisculateci using coolmt weLe boilev
i sent fsom not u
Feed Pump. Condengate
Usng deed bump
the heat is b eing
3 Boiler Eficiencyi How tidec ivel given bg the datio
couled be
Thus i t
uoed in boile.
cm d tvtal
amd total
Used don Steam genex akian
hecut dctually boile,
uu to com bustian
o Jul in
hea av ailable
the boijen Undeu
Boule Toail Boilen efera to Hunnins
mun ce estimaution. Jt
test condi tions dost äts perdoo
of boile thesmal
capaci
giwes the Steamm 3eneratien bakance sheet oi the the
eddijen ey o Plam t cm
cl heat
Bote. Under tsai he boiler is nun Jos 9uite
long
duwration 8o ad to attain stedely stcute,

doJmbulser Tunbine De Laval Rauteau ,Cuülx ,

Reaction Tunbine Pwnsons, Hero.

Economiser-Jt is a boile acessos St i sed

UD
to ediciency oboi
dncoeuse is t cLlso

heqt Mecoye device in which deed wcLt er

is heutecl drom heaut ayallab le wth
exnaust quse
 J+ IS Usecd
Subenh eaub tl- I t is aboite accCs606.
boile. Jts brbo8e it to
to incseae RddicienH ed
Sube heat steon.

boile accessosy. It i Ue
e d
H3.
3 AinPaeheates- I t is a

is uded dox
e
oyecr
to incde ase eddtce od boilesL t .

the heat going along with exhst gases ba the c i

beone beina sent to swengce.

oun
which cawu their
Rocleet Psropiu08ion h ege engtnes
non -uiw
non i v
call eel
o udizen Josu Com bu8tion oj Suwt ane

ox Hocket engines.
beathing et ensnes

sPruncipe ot Rocteet Engine

d) Netoton thiicd od moton
Low
momentum
Lo cOn&eocticon o7

Z
Reckion
Actcen