Geomatics

Total Station

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Abdelhafiz

Consultant Engineer
Civil Engineering Department
College Of Engineering

Reference: Plane Surveying I. ISBN 978-977-90-1451-7, By: Prof. Dr. Ahmed Abdelhafiz
ETM
 ETM points coordinates

Point 1
X = 631902.097
Y = 498202.255
Z = 80.973

Point 2
X = 632016.704
Y = 498540.5
Z = 79.18
 Recovering by a Total Station

Total Station

B
Z Y

A
X
 Required for the Total Station

B
Z

A
X
 Required for the Total Station

Back sight point B

Z
Occupied point BS
Y
Occ

A
X
 Total Station concept

C
rP

Y
V

Total Station
X

B
Z

A
X
 Total Station concept

ZP= rP.sin V

C
rP

Z
rP.cos V

Y
V
YP= rP.cos V.cos H

Total Station
X
XP= rP .cos V.sin H

B
Z

A
X
 Total Station concept

Hr
ZP= rP.sin V

C
rP

rP.cos V

Y
V
YP= rP.cos V.cos H

Total Station
X
XP= rP .cos V.sin H

B
Z
H

dx
dy dz A
X
 Total Station concept

Total Station

X
 Total Station concept

Z
Y
X

Total Station

X
 Total Station concept

C
rP

Z
Y
X

Total Station

X
 Total Station concept

Z
Y
X

Total Station

B
Z Y

A
X
 Total Station concept

Total Station

B
Z Y

A
X
 Total Station concept

C
rP

Y
V

Total Station
X

B
Z Y

A
X
 Total Station concept

ZP= rP.sin V

C
rP

Z
rP.cos V

Y
V
YP= rP.cos V.cos H
H

Total Station
X
XP= rP .cos V.sin H

B
Z Y

A
X
 Total Station concept

Hr
ZP= rP.sin V

C
rP

Z
rP.cos V

Y
V
YP= rP.cos V.cos H
H

Total Station
X
XP= rP .cos V.sin H

B
Z Y
H

dx
dy dz A
X
 Inputs before the use of a Total Station

1) Occupied point
2) Back sight
3) Instrument height
4) Reflector height

Accuracy of total station:

(xx mm ± yy ppm)
Where:
ppm : part per million

Accuracy VS Direct reading

 Total Station Problems
1) A total station with (2mm ± 3ppm) accuracy, find the expected error in 500m?
2) A reflector less total station with (5mm ± 10ppm) accuracy, find the expected error in
500m?
3) A total station with (2mm ± 3ppm) accuracy, find the expected error in 1500 m?
4) A reflector less total station with (5mm ± 10ppm) accuracy, find the expected error in
700m?